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PARAMETER Setting

What is Call Drop?


The TCH call drop rate refers to the ratio of call drops to successful TCH seizures after the BSC
successfully assigns TCHs to MSs. The TCH call drop rate can be measured from the following
aspects:
TCH call drop rate (including handover)
TCH call drop rate (excluding handover)
Formulas for Call Drop including handovers:
TCH call drop rate (including handover) = Number of call drops on TCH/(Number of successful
TCH seizures (signaling channel) + Number of successful TCH seizures (TCH) + Number of
successful TCH Seizures in TCH handovers (TCH)) x 100%
Formulas for Call Drop excluding handovers:
TCH call drop rate (excluding handover) = Number of call drops on TCH/Number of successful
TCH seizures (TCH) x 100%
Parameter Check list for Call Drop:
These parameters are common for all the vendors the only difference is its name will be
different.
The settings of some parameters on the BSC and MSC sides may affect the TCH call drop rate.
If the following situations occur, the TCH call drop rate may increase:
1. The parameters SACCH Multi-Frames and Radio Link Timeout are set to too small
values.
2. The parameter RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN is set to a too small value.
3. The parameter RACH Min.Access Level is set to a too small value.
4. The parameters Min DL Power on HO Candidate Cell and Min Access Level Offset are
inappropriately set.
5. The length of timer T3103 (this timer is set to wait for a Handover Complete message) is
set to a too small value.
6. The length of timer T3109 (this timer is set to wait for a Release Indication message) is set
to a too small value.
7. The length of timer T3111 (this timer specifies the connection release delay) is set to a too
small value.
8. The length of timer T305/T308 is set to an invalid or too great value.
9. The parameter TCH Traffic Busy Threshold is set to a too small value.
10. The parameter Call Reestablishment Forbidden is set to Yes.
11. The parameters related to edge handover are inappropriately set.
12. The parameters related to BQ handover are inappropriately set.
13. The parameters related to interference handover are inappropriately set.

The parameters related to concentric cell handover are inappropriately set.


15. The parameters related to power control are inappropriately set.
16. T200 and N200 are set to too small values.
17. Some neighboring cell relations are not configured.
18. The parameter MAIO is inappropriately set.
19. The parameter Disconnect Handover Protect Timer is set to a too small value.
20. The parameter TR1N is set to a too small value.
21. The parameters Software Parameter 13 and MAX TA are set to too small values.
22. If a repeater is used, the parameter Directly Magnifier Site Flag is set to No.
SACCH Multi-Frames This parameter determines whether an uplink radio link is faulty.
Each time the BTS fails to decode the measurement report on the SACCH from the MS, the
counter decreases by 1. Each time the BTS successfully decodes the measurement report on
the SACCH, the counter increases by 2. When the value of this counter is 0, the BTS regards
the radio link as faulty. In the traffic measurement, if there are many call drops (M3101A)
related to radio link failure, you can infer that the radio propagation conditions are poor. In
this case, you can set this parameter to a greater value.
2. Radio Link Timeout This parameter determines whether a downlink radio link is faulty.
Each time the BTS fails to decode the measurement report sent over the SACCH by the MS,
the counter decreases by 1. Each time the BTS successfully decodes the measurement report
sent over the SACCH, the counter increases by 2. When the value of this parameter is 0, the
BTS regards the radio link as faulty. In the traffic measurement, if there are many call drops
(M3101A) related to radio link failure, you can infer that the radio propagation conditions are
poor. In this case, you can set this parameter to a greater value.
3. RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN This parameter specifies the minimum receive level of an MS to
access the BSS. If this parameter is set to a too small value, some MSs with low receive
levels may access the network and call drops are likely to occur. You can set this parameter
to a great value to reduce the TCH call drop rate. The counters such as call setup success
rate and the counters related to traffic volume, however, are accordingly affected.
4. RACH Min.Access Level This parameter determines whether an MS can access the
network over the RACH. If this parameter is set to a too small value, some MSs with low
signal levels may access the network and call drops are likely to occur. You can set this
parameter to a great value to reduce the TCH call drop rate. The counters such as call setup
success rate and paging success rate, however, are affected.
5. Min DL Power on HO Candidate Cell and Min Access Level Offset The sum of the
values of the two parameters specifies the minimum downlink receive level of a candidate
neighboring cell for a handover. If this parameter is set to a too great value, some desired
cells may be excluded from the candidate cells; if this parameter is set to a too small value,
an unwanted cell may become the candidate cell. Both conditions may lead to the increase
of call
drops.

6. Timer T3103 series Timer T3101 series consists of T3103A, T3103C, and T8. These timers are
started to wait for a handover complete message. If the lengths of the timers are set to small values,
probably no message is received when timer T3103 series expires. In this case, the BSC considers that
the radio link in the originating cell is faulty. Then, the BSC releases the channel in the originating cell.
Thus, call drops occur. In the traffic measurement, if many call drops are related to handovers (CM331:
Call Drops on Radio Interface in Handover State), you can set this parameter to a greater value. If this
parameter is set to a too great value, channel resources are wasted and TCH congestion occurs.
7. Timer T3109 This parameter specifies the period for waiting for a Release Indication message after
the BSC sends a Channel Release message to the BTS. If this parameter is set to a too small value, the
link may be released before the Release Indication message is received. As a result, a call drop occurs.
You can set this parameter to a greater value to reduce the TCH call drop rate. It is recommended that
timer T3109 be set to 12 seconds longer than timer Radio Link Timeout.
8. Timer T3111 This parameter specifies the interval between the time that the main signaling link is
disconnected and the time that a channel is deactivated. The purpose is to reserve a period of time for
repeated link disconnections. If this timer is set to a too small value, a channel may be deactivated too
early. Thus, call drops increase.
9. Timers T305 and T308 Timers T305 and T308 are used on the MSC side. Timer T305 specifies the
period during which the MSC monitors the on-hook procedure. Timer T308 specifies the period during
which the MSC monitors the resource release procedure. You should set the two parameters when
adding BSC data. Note that the modification of the data in the timer table does not take effect. If timers
T305 and T308 are set to invalid or great values, the MSC clears the call a long time after the MS hangs
up. After the T3103 and Radio Link Timeout timers expire, the number of call drops is increased and thus
the TCH call drop rate is significantly affected.
10. TCH Traffic Busy Threshold If the current channel seizure ratio exceeds the value of this
parameter, the BSC preferentially assigns a half-rate channel to a dual rate-enabled call. Otherwise, the
BSC assigns a full-rate channel to the dual rate-enabled call. Compared with a full-rate channel, a halfrate channel has weak anti interference capabilities. Therefore, if a large number of half-rate channels
are assigned, the TCH call drop rate increases. It is recommended that this parameter should not be set
to a too small value if congestion is unlikely to occur.
11. Call Reestablishment Forbidden This parameter specifies whether to allow call reestablishment.
In case of burst interference or radio link failure due to blind areas caused by high buildings, call drops
occur. In this case, MSs can initiate the call reestablishment procedure to restore communication. To
reduce the TCH call drop rate, you can set this parameter to No to allow call reestablishment. In certain
conditions, allowing call reestablishment greatly reduces the TCH call drop rate. Call reestablishment lasts
for a long time, and therefore some subscribers cannot wait and hang up. This affects user experience.
12. Parameters related to edge handover When the receive level drops greatly, an edge handover
cannot be performed in time in any of the following conditions: The parameter Edge HO UL RX_LEV
Threshold or Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold is set to a small value; the parameter Inter-cell HO
Hysteresis is set to a great value; the parameters Edge HO Watch Time and Edge HO AdjCell Watch Time
are set to great values; the parameters Edge HO Valid Time and Edge HO AdjCell Valid Time are set to
great values. As a result, a call drop occurs. To reduce the TCH call drop rate, you can appropriately set
these parameters so that edge handovers can be performed in time to avoid call drops.

13. Parameters related to BQ handover When the signal quality deteriorates, a BQ handover
cannot be performed in time in any of the following conditions: The parameters ULQuaLimitAMRFR,
ULQuaLimitAMRHR, UL Qual. Threshold, DLQuaLimitAMRFR, DLQuaLimitAMRHR, and DL Qual.
Threshold are set to great values; the parameter BQ HO Margin is set to a small value; the
parameter Inter-cell HO Hysteresis is set to a great value. As a result, call drops occur. To reduce
the TCH call drop rate, you should appropriately set these parameters so that BQ handovers can be
performed in time to avoid call drops.
14. Parameters related to interference handover If the parameters RXQUAL1 to RXQUAL12
are set to great values or if the RXLEVOff parameter is set to a great value, strong interference may
occur. In this case, if interference handovers are not performed in time, call drops occur. To reduce
the TCH call drop rate, you can appropriately set these parameters so that interference handovers
can be performed in time to avoid call drops. If the parameters RXQUAL1 to RXQUAL12 are set to
small values, the number of handovers due to other causes increases greatly, thus affecting the
handover success rate.
15. Parameters related to concentric cell handover A call at the edge of the overlaid subcell
cannot be handed over to the underlaid subcell in any of the following conditions: In the case of a
normal concentric cell, the parameters RX_LEV Threshold and RX_LEV Hysteresis are set to great
values; in the case of an enhanced concentric cell, the parameter OtoU HO Received Level
Threshold is set to a great value. As a result, a call drop is likely to occur. If the Call Drop Ratio on
TCH on the TRX in the OverLaid Subcell (RM330a) is high, you can appropriately set these
parameters so that calls at the edge of the overlaid subcell can be handed over to the underlaid
subcell in time. When a call in the underlaid subcell has interference, the call cannot be handed over
to the overlaid subcell if the RX_QUAL for UO HO Allowed parameter is set to Yes and the RX_QUAL
Threshold parameter is set to a great value. Thus, a call drop occurs. If the Call Drop Ratio on TCH
on the TRX in the Underlaid Subcell (RM330) is high, you can set these parameters properly so that
the call can be handed over to the overlaid subcell at the earliest.
16. Parameters related to power control If the power control level and quality threshold are
set to small values, call drops are likely to occur because of low signal level or bad voice quality.
17. T200 and N200 If the parameters T200 FACCH/F, T200 FACCH/H, N200 of FACCH/Full rate,
and N200 of FACCH/Half rate are set to small values, data links are disconnected too early. Thus,
all drops are likely to occur. If call drops occur because of T200 expiry, you can increase the values
of T200 and N200 properly.
18. Neighboring cell relations If the neighboring cells configured in the BA2 table are
incomplete, call drops are likely to occur in the case of no suitable neighboring cell for handover and
progressive deterioration in the voice quality. Neighboring cell relations should be configured
completely on the basis of the drive test data and electronic map (for example, Nastar) to minimize
the call drops due to no available neighboring cells.
19. MAIO If frequency hopping (FH) is applied in a cell and the MAIO is set inappropriately (for
example, different TRXs serving the same cell have the same MAIO), frequency collision may occur
during FH. Thus, the TCH call drop rate increases.

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