Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
he CEDEX Strategic Plan, included in the National R&D&I Plan (2004 2007), indicates its
ambition to establish itself as the benchmark
Spanish centre where civil engineering, construction
and the associate environment are concerned, so that
it can play a leading role in matters concerning R&D&I.
It is achieving this aim in five major fields of activity:
enhancing the R&D&I inherent to the CEDEX and the
civil engineering and environment sector as a whole;
increasing activity on an international level; optimising
the use of human resources and facilities; opening up
to society and implementing internal management procedures that will serve to support a commitment to ongoing improvement with respect to the quality of the
CEDEXs actions.
2005 proved to be a very fruitful year in taking initiatives for making progress in all these areas, thanks to
an extremely positive working environment. Enhancing R&D&I activities is a Government priority, and in
the area of Civil Engineering field, a very weak initial
situation is combined with a sector in the middle of a
process of expansion and with an incipient interest in
making itself more competitive through technological
innovation. In 2005, the CEDEX carried on increasing
its R&D&I activities with 6 of its own projects, financed
by its own budgets, and also took part in projects that
form part of the National Plan and the E.U. Framework
Programme. Furthermore, in cooperation with other
Ministerio de Fomento Directorates, in 2005 the
CEDEX started the work involved in preparing the Sectorial R&D&I Plan that was commissioned as part of
the Strategic Infrastructure and Transport Plan (PEIT).
International activity intensified as a result of the
CEDEX joining the European Conference of Transport
Research Institutes (ECTRI), the European coordinator that brings together all the main public transport
research centres, the formalization of the Red de Institutos Nacionales Iberoamericanos de Ingeniera e
Investigacin Hidrulica and the joint evaluation and
4 PRESENTATION
signed by virtue of the provisions contained in the contents of the CEDEX Statute (Royal Decree 591/2005).
The wish to open up to society found a favourable response context in the area of civil engineering and the
associated environment. In 2005, the private sector
proved highly responsive to the need to encourage innovation in the sector. In the light of this, different
Technological Platforms were established with a view
to encouraging private investment in innovation and to
devise ways of finding long-term cooperation with the
public research system, of which the CEDEX forms
part. Cooperation with the University led to the signing of 16 collaboration agreements, which help to incorporate the capacities of the university departments
into the research and specialist technical assistance
needs that are required of the CEDEX. The public profile and the publicising of the CEDEXs achievements
led to a total of 145 papers being submitted at domestic and international Conferences and Symposiums, 15
books and publications being issued and 5 doctoral
thesis being presented at the University. Among the
most outstanding events was the organising of the
Waves 2005 Conference in Madrid, in collaboration
with the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE),
at which more than 220 papers were submitted concerning all areas of coastal engineering.
Finally, it must be pointed out that to tackle the activities that are described in this Annual Report, the
CEDEX was able to depend on the team that works at
the Centre as its main asset and guarantee, thanks to
the preparation, ongoing training and team spirit of its
members, that must be pointed out. They possess very
singular qualities, which enabled them to respond in a
suitable way to whatever innovation and technical
assistance demands were made of them by Spanish
society in the sphere of Civil Engineering and the Environment during the course of 2005.
EL ORGANISMO
STATUS AND FUNCTIONS
The CEDEX is an Autonomous Entity dependent upon the Central State Government, whose purpose is to
provide suitable technological support for the investment, operation, research and development activities
undertaken by the Ministerio de Fomento and Ministerio de Medio Ambiente.
It is organically dependent upon the Ministerio de Fomento and, from a functional perspective, in the
area of their respective powers, to the Ministerio de Fomento and Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, by virtue
of Royal Decrees 1136 / 2002 october 31st and 591 / 2005 may 20th.
The Entity also caters for other demands for services required by the rest of the public administrations
or the private sector, in the areas of construction and civil engineering, as well as environmental matters.
The CEDEXs Centres and Laboratories provide high-level technical assistance, applied research work,
technological development, innovation, transfer of knowledge and cooperation on an international level, in
different civil engineering sectors: ports and coasts, inland waters, transport, structures and materials, geotechnics, techniques applied to engineering, the environment and historical studies concerning public works.
Approximately 70% of its activity involves technical assistance, whereas the remaining 30% is given over
to applied research, technological development and innovation and information transfer.
The CEDEX has close ties and collaborates with other public bodies, such as the Laboratorio Nacional de
Engenharia Civil (LNEC, Portugal), the Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chausees (LCPC, Francia) o the
Deutsches Zentrum fr luft-und Raumtalut (DLR, Alemania), and plays an active part in a variety of research
network, such as the Red de Institutos Nacionales Iberoamericanos de Ingeniera e Investigacin Hidrulica.
GABINETE TCNICO
SUBDIRECCIN GENERAL DE
PROGRAMACIN TCNICA Y CIENTFICA
LABORATORIO DE GEOTECNIA
6 EL ORGANISMO
GOVERNING BODIES
Consejo
Presidente:
Vicepresidente:
Vocales:
Subsecretaria de Fomento
Secretaria General de Infraestructuras
Secretario General de Transportes
Subsecretaria de Medio Ambiente
Secretario General para la Prevencin de la Contaminacin y del Cambio Climtico
Director General de Carreteras
Director General de Ferrocarriles
Director General de la Marina Mercante
Director General del CEDEX
Director General del Agua
Director General de Costas
Director General para la Biodiversidad
Director General de Calidad y Evaluacin Ambiental
Director General del Instituto Nacional de Meteorologa
Director General de Arquitectura y Poltica de Vivienda
Presidente del Ente Pblico Puertos del Estado
Presidente de una Confederacin Hidrogrfica (designado por la Ministra de Medio Ambiente)
Representante del Comit de coordinacin funcional de OOAA de Investigacin y Experimentacin
Secretario:
Comit de Direccin
Presidente:
Vocales:
Secretario:
EL ORGANISMO 7
SUBDIRECCIN GENERAL DE
PROGRAMACIN
TCNICA Y CIENTFICA
HUMAN RESOURCES
The main figures regarding human resources for the year 2005 at CEDEX and its distribution across Centres
and Laboratories are shown in the following tables.
The balance of new enrolments during 2005 was a bit lower than the level of retirements which rose to 24
people. As a consequence, the total workforce, that at the end of 2004 was 713 people training fellows
excluded, decreased slightly to 701 by December of 2005, confirming the slow but gradual dropping off in
staff that has been observed as a trend in the last period.
During 2005 five positions were offered to new graduate level public employees through the Escala de
Titulados de Escuelas Tcnicas de Grado Medio de Organismos Autnomos del Ministerio de Fomento.
Also, a call was issued for 25 research positions with temporary project contracts.
Finally, the Professional Training Internship Programme continued incorporating 12 new positions along
2005, so the total number at the end of the year rose to 21 positions.
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Auxiliaries
13%
Oficials, techniciens
and office staff
43%
DISTRIBUTIN BY CENTRES
CIVIL SERVANTS
LABOUR STAFF
CEHOPU 2% DG
6%
CEHOPU 0% DG
2%
CET 9%
CET 16%
SG 11%
SG
5%
CETA 13%
CEH 19%
CETA 14%
CEH 23%
LC 17%
CEPyC 16%
LC 13%
CEPyC 10%
LG
10%
LG 14%
TOTAL
CEHOPU 2%
CET 11%
DG
4%
SG 8%
CETA 14%
CEH 22%
LC 14%
CEPyC 14%
LG 11%
TRAINEES
RESEARCH CONTRACTS
CEHOPU 3%
CET 6%
DG
0%
CEHOPU
10%
CETA 25%
DG
0%
SG
5%
CETA 10%
CET 14%
LC 6%
LC 23%
CEH 35%
LG 3%
CEH 14%
CEPyC 14%
CEPyC 22%
DISTRIBUTION BY SEX
Women
32%
Men
68%
LG 10%
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
As displayed in the table below, the initial 2005 budget rose to 41 million euros and the final budget expenditure was 87% of the total.
The income generated by commercial activities was 21 million euros, which confirms an income trecid higher than 20 million per year.
Approximately 90% of the income came from contracts with the Ministerios de Fomento and Medio
Ambiente, which received priority attention frtom CEDEX, as specified in the statutory mandate.
The overall income generated by CEDEX in 2005 positions it at a rate of self financing close to 53%.
Concepto
Previsin
Derechos
Ejecucin
reconocidos
668,66
70,90
48,59
69
5,00
15,80
316
1.852,28
2.410,24
130
1.928,18
3.143,29
163
15.176,29
15.176,29
100
48,81
15.176,29
15.225,10
100
20,00
52,20
260
8.756,70
7.548,61
16.325,31
52,20
7.550,52
8.024,67
106
7.550,52
8.024,67
106
35,08
31,18
89
41.015,38
26.476,44
16.956,70
21.420,60
Concepto
Crdito
Crdito
Obligaciones
inicial
final
reconocidas
Ejecucin
%
10 Altos cargos
53,37
53,97
53,97
100
12 Funcionarios
13.526,61
13.526,01
12.208,98
90
4.604,80
4.549,80
3.970,74
87
988,35
988,35
987,50
100
4.427,07
4.482,07
4.295,08
96
23.600,20
23.600,20
21.516,27
91
14,78
14,78
7,21
49
947,40
1.047,40
1.015,73
97
22 Material. Suministros
5.858,97
5.753,97
4.316,35
75
1.274,17
1.274,17
860,46
68
228,15
233,15
209,38
90
8.323,47
8.323,47
6.409,13
77
366,64
366,64
228,49
62
64,89
64,89
39,96
62
62
13 Personal laboral
15 Incentivos rendimiento
16 Cuotas prestaciones sociales
Cap. 1. Gastos de personal
20 Arrendamientos
21 Reparacin y conservacin
24 Publicaciones
Cap. 2. Bienes y servicios
48 Transferencia a familias
49 Al exterior
Cap. 4. Transferencias corrientes
431,53
431,53
268,45
5.648,55
5.537,11
3.021,11
55
63 Inversiones de reposicin
2.699,55
2.699,55
1.650,14
61
277,00
388,44
365,73
94
8.625,10
8.625,10
5.036,98
58
35,08
35,08
34,18
97
41.015,38
41.015,38
33.265,01
81
Operaciones comerciales
8.200,00
6.691,24
Comercial Op.
19%
Comercial Op.
47%
Current Transfers
44%
Services
18%
Personal
63%
Other Income
9%
Applied Techniques
18%
Geotechnics 10%
Materials and structures
9%
Transport
6%
Inland hydraulics29%
30.000
9.000
25.000
8.000
7.000
20.000
6.000
5.000
15.000
4.000
10.000
3.000
2.000
5.000
1.000
0
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DE
PUERTOS Y COSTAS
he aim of the Centro de Estudios de Puertos y Costas del CEDEX is to develop R&D&I
and to provide non-competitive, state-of-theart technologies to the port, maritime and coastal
engineering sectors and their associated environments. This activity begins by establishing joint,
long-term strategies with the Direcciones Generales at the Ministerio de Fomento and Ministry of
Environment in the matters concerned. The most
effective way of collaborating is to establish
ongoing agreements, within frameworks of time
that are adapted to directing and supporting the
development of specialist service capacities and the
consequent benefits to society.
Hydraulic operation and ship movement tests for the new gates in the Port
of Sevilla.
CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DE PUERTOS Y COSTAS 15
Where commitments were concerned, experimental activities using physical scale models accounted
for 41 % of the total time spent, whereas numerical
experimentation and simulation studies amounted
to 33 %, environmental studies accounting for a
further 16 %. Finally, activities involving port pavements, geotechnics and structural materials for
maritime works, carried out by other CEDEX
Centres, accounted for the remaining 10 % of the
total. The percentage increase in experimentation
activities is particularly outstanding, especially in
Experiments with scale models included the use of 3dimensional interior agitation models and the development of ship behaviour models for vessels
moored in the outer port facilities at Pasajes, for
the enlargement to the Port of Valencia, the enlargement to the southern part of the Port of Castelln
and the extension to the northern zone of the Port
of Barcelona. The latter study involved conducting a specific analysis of the behaviour of the naval
repairs floating breakwater. The current rate of port
development has also given rise to a large number
of activities revolving round 2- and 3-dimensional
tests performed on new maritime structures. One
of the most outstanding studies was the 3-dimensional one conducted in the multidirectional wave
tank for the Port of Gijn and the Outer Port Breakwater for Corua. Other studies were either
completed or are still being carried out for the Ports
Multidirectional wave tank test on the breakwater of the outer Port of Corua.
toring how the new structure is affecting the Salinas Beach, particular attention being paid to the
zone lying close to the river mouth. In the sphere
of R&D, further progress was made on a proposal
to update the Recommendations for the Characterisation and Management of Dredged Material and
the project concerning a comparative analysis of
the parameters related to the environmental characterisation of such materials was resumed.
In the area of in situ measurements, and through the
Measurement Network Agreement, oceanographic
measurement campaigns were conducted on directional waves in Almera, Bilbao, Corua, and Cartagena, as well as wind measurement campaigns
(Barcelona) and interior agitation and long-wave
campaigns (Santander, Tarragona). The satisfactory performance of the Spanish Network for Wave
Measurement Red de Medida y Registro de Oleaje
(REMRO) must also be mentioned, as it yielded an
average of no less than 94.5 % valid data from the
17 stations that are currently operating.
As has already been pointed out, the new dimension to the CEPYCs activity for the Direccin
General de la Marina Mercante was the 3-yearly
agreement signed in 2005, which includes scientific
support and technical activities carried out by
CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DE PUERTOS Y COSTAS 17
contained in Royal Decree 210/2004 and Community Directive 2002/59/EC. The study includes an
analysis of the legal bases for some of the refuge
aspects, a compilation of cases involving ships that
have required assistance, the preparation of an
inventory of potential havens, a proposal for a
National Plan and instructions for taking action and
pinpointing aspects to be promoted in a new International Agreement in this area.
working committees and groups for the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), International
Agreements within its jurisdiction and European
Union bodies associated with maritime areas.
Different courses of action were established regarding the fight against pollution in the marine environment, and
the regulations were updated for the purpose of
standardisation and concerning the use of techniques and products for dealing with the spillage of
pollutants, the analysis of models for predicting the
behaviour of hydrocarbon spillage at sea and studies aimed at identifying through analytical work,
those responsible for dumping waste from vessels.
Moreover, courses of action were also established
to improve safety at sea, by analysing the prevailing
climatic conditions when accidents affect shipping
and the conditions on maritime navigation routes;
studies concerning ship movements in restricted
zones and those were shipping density is high were
also undertaken. Finally, reference must be made
to the ongoing technical assistance activities
performed in other areas associated with maritime
safety and marine ecosystem protection.
Throughout its period of validity, the contents of
the Agreement have increased steadily and they can
now include the parallel development of specific
aspects of lines in which CEDEX is involved; during
the first year activities have begun in most of the
lines described.
Work of a very specific nature was also undertaken
in 2005 for the Direccin General de la Marina:
plans and protocols were drawn up for establishing places of refuge for distressed vessels in need
of assistance, in compliance with the requirements
18 CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DE PUERTOS Y COSTAS
A new Biennial Agreement (2005 2006) was established with the Direccin General de Costas, which
features a wide range of activities. One aspect of it
that is particularly important in the first year of the
Agreement was the support that the Direccin
General lent in tasks arising from the adaptation of
the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) to our
country, and its application to coastal and transition waters; preparing a multi-institutional inventory containing pressures upon coastal waters, and
accessible via Internet, was just one of the many
tasks undertaken, and this inventory will serve as
a communal reference work for ongoing evaluation
and analysis.
Other aspects of the activities carried out for the
Direccin General de Costas are providing scientific support for activities involved in the OSPAR
Convention for protecting the Marine Environment,
collaboration in the preparation of the Master Plan
for Sustainable Coastal Management and a series
of activities of a basic nature of which the following are just some of the most outstanding: preparing an inventory of groynes, channels, detached
breakwaters and submerged coastal protection
works. A variety of studies have also been
conducted concerning specific tasks: small-scale
physical model tests were conducted for the Puerto
Espndola groyne, and coastal dynamics studies were
carried out in Sitges, Oyambre, Santiago de la
Gomera and Silgar.
Surveillance and monitoring activities were
performed on the beaches at Salinas, Campello and
la Isleta (Alicante), with a view to checking the project hypotheses and obtaining a greater in-depth
knowledge of beach dynamics. A recently-acquired
multi-beam sounder was used for carrying out
precision bathymetry on Salinas Beach. Finally,
different potential courses of action for environmental recovery and reverting to former uses at
Portman Bay, Murcia, were analysed and presented
for discussion in various forums.
Once again where the Ministry of Environment was
concerned, the Centro carried on working for the
CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS
HIDROGRFICOS
The following studies have been completed at the HYDRAULICS LABORATORY: spillway, inlets and bottom drainage at the Castrovido dam (Burgos); the
new sluice gate at Seville port, in conjunction with
the Ports and Coasts Centre for Studies; the hydroelectric power station at the Alarcn dam (Cuenca);
the valve vibration study for the Tous dam; characterisation studies for the Tietar River between the
Rosarito and Torrejn reservoirs; the study into three
major pumps for SEIASA (State agrarian infrastructure company) in the irrigable area of the Guadalcacn River; bottom drainage and spillway at the
Montoro dam in Puertollano.
The following physical models are currently underway: structural defence plans for flooding of the
Jcar River (Valencia); channelling of the Andarax
River (Almera); the Mara Cristina dam (Castelln);
vibration study for outflows at the Viuela dam
(Malaga); inflow and start of the Orellana canal
(Badajoz); spillways at the La Viuela dam in Malaga;
adaptation of the spillway at the Amadorio dam and
the spillways at the Gasset dam.
indicators relating to sustainable water use. The Hydrometry Service has continued working to compile
capacity data supplied by the Regional Water Boards.
Once analysed and streamed, this data is then incorporated into the Centre for Hydrographic Studies HIDRO
database.
As far as the modelling of hydrometeorological variables is concerned, improvements to the SIMPA (Pre-
work (Eionet - Water Quantity) and its periodical updating, along with the analysis of its representativeness
for the evaluation of water resources in the European
Union. Also worthy of mention is the compilation of a
report with recommendations for an evaluation of the
impact of hydromorphological pressures within the application of the Water Framework Directive.
In relation to droughts, the Global Hydrological Indicators System has continued to be updated and refined,
through the development of modules for the calculation of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), as
well as the calculation of deficit chronograms. A web
page has also been designed, where these indicators
can be consulted on-line.
In relation to rises in water levels and flooding, work
has continued on the design of a channelling system
for the Jcar River, as foreseen within the Global
Plan against Flooding of the Jcar Riverside Area.
Special mention should be made of the following
projects, started in 2005: the development of a map
of maximum water flows for the entire river network
on mainland Spain, as established in article 28.2 of
the National Hydrological Plan; the compiling of a
Guide to calculate projected and extreme water flows
for the design of reservoir outflow devices, as foreseen in the criteria of the new Dam Security Regulation 1996; the drawing up of recommendations for
the Directorate-General of Water in relation to the ordering and management of flood-susceptible areas.
In the international sphere, activities carried out by the
Hydrology Unit have continued at the European Environment Agency (EEA)s Topic Centre for Inland Water.
Among the projects undertaken by CEDEX (Public
Works Studies and Experimentation Centre) for the
EEA in 2005, we should mention the continuation of the
development of the water quantity measurement net24 CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS HIDROGRFICOS
corresponding analyses carried out, with special attention paid to the presence of agronomic parameters, heavy metals, microbiological parameters and
organic compounds.
The Ecology of Aquatic Ecosystems division has continued to work studying the toxicity of cyanobacteria in the following reservoirs: Barcena, Belesar,
Cstrelo, Las Conchas and Trasona (Norte); Las Cogotas, Fuentes Claras, Las Vencias, Santa Teresa and
Villagonzalo (Duero); Cazalegas, San Juan and Picadas (Tajo); Orellana and Vega de Jabaln (Guadiana);
Arcos and Bornos (Guadalquivir); Camarillas, Cenajo,
Ojs, Pedrera and Taibilla (Segura); Ebro (Ebro).
In the field of desalination, there have been technical assistance, research and technological development activities at the following desalination plants:
Carboneras, Atabal, Las Palmas-Telde, Cartagena, Alicante, Melilla, Sta Eulalia, Calvi, Alcudia, Andratx
and Almera.
draulic works projects specifically regulation reservoirs and drainage networks. This action falls within
the Agreement signed with the Directorate-General
of Water for providing technical assistance, research
and technological development related to hydraulic
infrastructure.
In a similar way, in conjunction with the Canal de
Isabel II Water Authority, the second and final part
of the collaboration with the aforementiooned institution has been finalised, for the creation of Regulations for Drainage Networks.
Furthermore, in the sphere of projects related with
technical regulations, a series of recommendations
on reinforced concrete pipes for drainage networks
has been drawn up through a collaboration agreement signed with the Reinforced Concrete Pipe Man-
will incorporate snow volume indices and other teledetection procedures. An index of current situation will be produced from each station, in
regard to its historical state. This will, furthermore, be considered in sufficient detail to represent an overall regional value.
Hydrological condition will be evaluated in regions delimited in accordance with hydrographical basin organisations and exploitation systems. The
aim is to manage units of water generation and consumption, although this cannot be taken in general terms, given that demand in certain areas
depends on general regulation systems over a certain river section, or on river diversion.
The variables implemented in the SGIH are as follows:
1. Precipitation. The basic variable for a system that aims to identify droughts. It defines water levels entering the hydrological cycle, propagating
to the rest of the phases of the cycle according to different properties of the ground, the aquifer or to human activity in water use and regulation.
The majority of SGIH precipitation data comes from the synoptic network of the National Meteorological Institute, representing climate.
2. Water volumes registered at gauging stations; reservoir inflow and outflow. They give information on water flow in rivers, on natural water
resources and availability. They include stations selected for UNESCOs 3rd International Hydrological Programme, and those that form part of a
European network of reference stations for natural flow regime. Water volume data is sent by regional Water Board offices.
3. Reservoir supplies. Reservoirs are a basic element in the exploitation of water systems and provide information on availability for agricultural,
industrial, domestic and environmental purposes. At the end of each month, available reserves are communicated to the Hydrological Bulletin of
the Directorate-General of Water and the offices of regional Water Boards.
4. Piezometry. Aquifers are elements with natural regulation capacity that can be used to increase water availability. Knowledge of piezometric
evolution, along with hydrodynamic characteristics and the geometric characteristics of aquifers provides information on availability and the state
of the aquifer. Data is sent by regional Water Board offices.
The following figure shows the total points defined up until now
The hydrological state of the system is evaluated comparing each value - current, monthly or the aggregate of various previous months - with its
temporal evolution. To this end, frequencies of occurrence are calculated, represented in the form of maps or evolution graphs. In the case of precipitation, the percentiles in each region are also taken into account, considering those reached in the stations through simple interpolation operations. In the case of reservoir supplies, it is more important to know the state of reserves in respect of demand rather than in comparison with
historical values. For this reason indices such as current volume vs. maximum volume or ratios that give some idea of the dynamics of the reservoir over recent periods are used.
Standardised precipitation index maps, twelve monthly data for the months of September from 2002.
Currently, the identification and characterisation of droughts is carried out using the precipitation variable. The system has two incorporated models. The first identifies drought with a variable monthly threshold criterion (85% quantile) with three-month minimum droughts. The second is
based on the standardised precipitation index (SPI) for 3, 6, 12 and 24 month periods.
All the information produced in the hydrological indicators system is published monthly on the web page http://hercules.cedex.es/indhdr/
TRANSPORTE
Constructing subgrade sections on the CEDEXs full-scale accelerated pavement test track.
which is currently at the draft stage, will be completed during the course of 2006.
A study was conducted and design recommendations given for port pavements for the Ente Pblico
Puertos del Estado; the material concerned, coated
material percolated with laitance, is used in port
pavements. Work continued with the same Body on
inspections and analyses of port pavements as part
of the 4th Monitoring Campaign, and the tasks for
2005 included studies conducted for the Ports of
Ceuta and Melilla.
Further progress was made on studies for the Direccin General de Calidad y Evaluacin Ambiental, (Ministry of Environment), these activities being associated
with the use of waste and industrial by-products on road
surfaces, special attention being paid to the use of bituminous mixes containing the rubber powder from
out-of-use tyres (OUT). These studies involved laboratory tests and monitoring different sections subjected to experimental tests. Different kinds of leaching
tests were also conducted on the recycled materials
to be used on road surfaces, and when these are completed a report will be prepared containing standards
and guidelines.
Research work was also initiated for the Ministry
of Environment to find out ways of improving soils
for the construction of natural pathways and tracks
by including additives and stabilisers, with a view
to improving their ability to withstand the effects
CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DEL TRANSPORTE 31
Gauges for the in situ measurement of moisture content and matrix suction
in soils and granular layers.
the pavement management system, especially with regard to updating and studying the inventory and in preparing and analysing the surface state indicators.
Further progress was also made with the activities designed to evaluate a new method for visually inspecting flexible pavements, with a view to their potential
use in the management system.
The Centro continued with its campaign involving the
auscultation of the surface characteristics of pavements, and a systematic campaign was put into practice for measuring the skid resistance of the pavements
in the eastern half of the country, with a view to detecting the zones with poor adhesion. One new aspect
that was included in the latest campaign in 2005, apart
from the data concerning the coefficient of transverse
friction and the ongoing measurement of the macrotexture, was the incorporation of graphic documentation from a video camera fitted to the equipment.
Work also continued on the auscultation of the thicknesses of certain sections of the State Highway Network, and comparisons were drawn between the
results yielded by the georadar equipment and those
that appear in the pavement inventory database. The
task of measuring rolling noise using the Close Proximity Method (CPX) got under way on certain sections of some dual carriageways, and the respective
analyses were carried out.
Safety barriers.
The activities undertaken in the Trafffic and Road Safety Area mainly revolved around a twofold objective:
on the one hand, publishing and handing over the
Final Report on the 3-year weigh-in-motion campaign, as well as preparing a publication that will
describe the main results obtained; and on the other
hand, carrying out the groundwork involved in studying and researching into road safety that is to be
performed in the next few years as part of the Management Commissioning Agreement signed by the
Direccin General de Carreteras and the CEDEX.
Rolling noise map obtained from the measurements taken along different
sections.
ces on roads; a study on the use of slag from urban incinerators on roads; and updating the catalogue of
waste products that can be used in construction; the latter activity was carried out jointly with other CEDEX
units, such as the Centro de Estudios de Puertos, the
Laboratorio de Geotecnia and the Laboratorio Central
de Estructuras y Materiales.
One single item of recording equipment can store the data obtained from four lanes, in each one of which there is a weight gauge and two induction loops. Once the equipment has been fitted to the station and programmed and calibrated, it can obtain records for all vehicles, regardless of their weight, weighing and classifying each and every one of their axles. In the case of very small saloon cars, it might not detect the
weight of one or even both of their axles, but the vehicle does appear in the census.
During the 24 hours of automatic census conducted by the equipment, there is a 6-hour period of visual sampling that provides supplementary
data in addition to the information furnished by the equipment, such as the vehicles tare and maximum permitted weight (MPW), with a view
to calculating the load being transported, as well as its registration plate number, to find out whether it is involved in local or long-distance
haulage, and this also furnishes information about a vehicles age.
Some results obtained during the campaign
Some of the most outstanding results obtained from the 2000 2003 Campaign were as follows:
Heavy traffic silhouette: the silhouette for the sample as a whole (taken visually) for the 2000 - 2003 Campaign revealed that approximately 30.3 % of the vehicles were rigid, 66.6 % were articulated and 3.1 % were road trains. This information varied greatly from one station to
another. It can generally be said that the stations whose proportion of articulated vehicles was greater than 60 % were mainly long-distance
stations, whereas when the percentage was lower than 40 %, they were short-distance stations.
Characteristics of the heavy vehicles: the total number of heavy vehicles (weighing > 3.5 t) from all the stations was 163,748. The average length of these heavy lorries was 14.2 m, their average weight was 25.6 tonnes and the average speed was 84.9 km/h. Figure 3 shows the
distributions for the frequencies of the lengths, weights and speeds of the lorries concerned.
Equivalence factor for vehicle with an average axle weight of 13 tonnes: the equivalence factor for vehicles with a standard 13
tonne axle load was measured at each one of the stations, using not only the OECD method, but also the AASHO Method. Regarding the equivalence factor calculated resorting only to the AASHO Method, using exponent 4 (flexible pavements), the value obtained ranged between 0.24
and 1.02 at the different stations, when the equivalent axle load was 13 t. In general, it can be said that the traffic passing through the stations
where the equivalence factor was below 0.45 was not very aggressive, whereas the traffic passing through the stations where the factor was
above 0.75 was rather aggressive.
CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DE
TCNICAS APLICADAS
he modifications made to the CEDEX Statute, published in the BOE (Official Government Gazette) dated 2nd June 2005 state,
amongst other decisions, that the Centro de Estudios
de Transporte shall be established, and that from a
functional perspective the Area of Physics and Electronic Techniques - which until that time formed part
of the Centro de Estudios de Tcnicas Aplicadas
would be incorporated into the new Centro.
1. Work was completed on the second part of the European test campaign on the ERTMS Eurocabs in
which all the European manufacturers (Alstom, Ansaldo-Csee, Bombardier, Dimetronic, Alcatel and Siemens) have conducted trials on their equipment in the
LIF laboratories with a view to standardising the different interpretations of the specifications for the
ERTMS system. As a result of this campaign, the LIF
Eurocab laboratory can conduct official certification
tests on eurocabs. It must also be pointed out that the
LIF has been accredited by ENAC to conduct tests on
eurobalises.
Reference loop for calibrating the balise signal on the Madrid Lleida Line.
peared on the Madrid - Lleida line, and the Laboratory approached these problems by evaluating all the
tests conducted on this section, participating in solving the problems arising from the failure to read balises on the display at Level 1 of the ERTMS system.
These activities were backed by a collaboration agreement signed jointly with RENFE and ADIF.
5. Finally, it must be pointed out that the LIF initiated its work in the field of railway safety in two
areas of great importance:
1. Giving technical assistance to the ADIF in evaluating the safety dossiers for the trains that run
on high-speed lines and
2. Playing an active part in establishing the causes
of rail accidents, by undertaken as a result of the
management agreement signed with the Direccin
General de Ferrocarriles, which came into effect
on 1st January 2006.
View of prototype from the ACE2 Project with its power supply equipment in the background.
As in earlier years, the CETA continued to collaborate closely with the CIEMAT in the field of energy
and superconductivity, in the superconductivity laboratory jointly-owned by CEDEX / CIEMAT, in the
following areas:
1. Energy, (which also includes power electronics activities), where further progress was made on developing the ACE2 Project (Kinetic Energy Storage for the
Reduction of Electricity Consumption), a storage
system with railway applications that is being developed for the ADIF (Rail Infrastructure Administrator).
The following activities were undertaken in this field:
- Commissioning and trials conducted on the Wmotor prototype with its power supply and control systems.
- Delivery, commissioning and tests conducted on
the W prototype with its power supply and control
systems.
- Manufacturing a second universal control prototype for all the prototypes involved in the project.
- Starting to manufacture the power converters for
the W-plus prototype.
2. In applied superconductivity, the following work
was done:
- Tests were conducted at DESY (Hamburg) on the
combined magnet prototype as part of the EDISON
project (Financed by the National R&D&I Plan).
- Modifications were made to the above-mentioned magnet in view of the test results.
- The manufacturing process began on the second
combined magnet prototype as part of the EDISON
project, based on superferric technology.
- A Fast Kicker-type magnet was designed for the
CERNs CTF3 Project.
The Environmental Engineering Area, carried on participating in the second stage of the COST 350 Action,
for the Direccin General de Calidad y Evaluacin
Ambiental (Ministry of Environment), the aim of
which is to comprehensively evaluate the environmental impact of traffic and transport infrastructures. Environmental evaluation reports were also
prepared on different land transport infrastructures. Reports were also drawn up in support of the
Comisin Nacional sobre Cambio Climtico (National Committee on Climatic Change) for the
same Direccin General.
The CETA also initiated studies for the Direccin
General del Agua (Ministry of Environment), with
a view to characterising the riverbank vegetation
in Southern Spain and the Balearics and Canary
Isles, the work on the Tajo and Guadiana River Basins being completed in 2005. As far as the pilot
restoration project for the banks of the River Zjar
was concerned, once the basic information had
been obtained to allow for a geomorphologic characterisation of the riverbank vegetation in the
Guadiana Basin upstream from Badajoz, the task
of preparing the project got under way for the
Zjar Dam confluence with the River Guadiana
section. Work also started for the same Direccin
General, on trying to obtain a methodology for calculating the damage to the riverbank vegetation.
Furthermore, the species of riverbank vegetation
were compiled for the Ministry of Environment
website, in the section entitled Public Domain
over Water.
At the end of the year work began on a new line of
research into climatic change and the effects of the
Kyoto Protocol on Spain. As the work has only recently begun it is too early to have obtained any results.
Progress was made on the noise pollution programme that commenced the year before for the
Direccin General de Calidad y Evaluacin Ambiental, which involves plotting strategic noise
maps, developing the Regulations contained in the
Noise Act and organising and processing the infor-
Entrainment of caesium.
Process of extracting the supernatant water in the radiochemical preparation process for the measurement of the 137Cs (Caesium 137).
Studies were conducted in the area of isotopic applications to hydrology with a view to finding out
whether there was any seepage of wastewater into
the Lagunas de Ruidera. Research work was also carried out to establish the origins of the waters that
emerged on a quarry face in Santa Cruz de Mudela.
Tests were conducted to determine the groundwater flows in Vallirana (Barcelona). Further
progress was made on the tasks involved in locating the leaks from the reservoirs belonging to
the River Jcar Basin Water Authority. Laboratory work continued on measuring the content
of 18O, deuterium, tritium, 13C and 14C in the
water samples so that universities and private
companies could carry out a variety of hydrological studies.
The network for establishing the isotopic composition of the rainfall on the Iberian Peninsula is still
operational, for the purpose of which the CETA
relies on the backing given by the Instituto Nacional de Meteorologa. Promoted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), this is going to
complete the world network concerning isotopic
composition in the rainfall.
- Taking part in international networks and projects with respect to information, documentation
and databases in a wide variety of civil engineering fields and the associated environmental questions.
- Implementing and developing Internet information systems concerning inland waters, roads and
transport.
Measurement geometry adapted for establishing radiocaesium concentrations by high resolution gamma spectrometry.
Natural hazards are the other side of the coin where this fragility is concerned. Earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, floods, avalanches, debris flows and mudslides, are all phenomena
whose force often exceeds our capacity to counteract their effects. The defence strategy is
based upon a greater in-depth working knowledge of these natural phenomena, so that
we can increase our safety against the risks involved. For example, either by planning structures that can better withstand a seismic tremor, designing dams that can hold back, reroute
or divert large masses of mud, or by prohibiting the building of homes in zones that could
be affected by flooding.
It is essential to be able to predict the consequences of these phenomena. There are three
different ways of forecasting; (i) studying a full-scale prototype, (ii) resorting to scale models,
and finally, (iii) with the aid of mathematical and numerical models, which is the option that
is most extensively used in engineering. A mathematical model is merely a set of equations
that describe the way the system being studied behaves. For example, mass balance or linear
momentum equations. These equations are developed after the basic physical phenomena
have been understood and when a series of simplifications have been made. They are generally systems of partial differential equations, for which the variables used to describe the
problem are unknown.
One interesting example is the modelling of lahars from the Mexican volcano Popocatapetl, for the purpose of which two propagation models were perfected for large tracts of
land. Figure 1 shows a general view of the volcano, and the results of two models devised,
one with a Finite Elements model and the other of the SPH type, can be seen in Figures 2
and 3, respectively.
LABORATORIO CENTRAL DE
ESTRUCTURAS
Y MATERIALES
Sounding of the bridge over the Escudo River (San Vicente de la Barquera).
La Rioja Museum.
Activity in relation to historic-artistic heritage buildings falls within technical assistance to the Ministry
of Culture and Sport, for the evaluation of damage
and structural problems in buildings under the control of said ministry. Specifically, this assistance has
taken place at Aduana Palace in Malaga, Espartero
Palace, home to the La Rioja Museum, in Logroo,
the Cuenca Archaeological Museum and the PalaeoChristian Necropolis in Tarragona.
Dam-sounding comes under the agreement with the
Environment Ministrys Directorate-General of
Water. Here, agreements have been established with
the Regional Water Boards of Duero, Norte and Guadalquivir, in order to implement the integral management system for dam-sounding (SIGAP) at dams
belonging to these Water Boards. Technical assistance has also been given in the case of the Ebro
Water Board, with the compilation of a list of requirements for contract tenders that include dam-sounding procedures.
In the Duero, Guadalquivir and Norte Regional
Water Boards, Management has proposed a series
of pilot dams for implementation of the system, aiming to extend its application subsequently to the
remaining dams. The first technical inspections
made were at the Brcena (Norte) and Santa Teresa
(Duero) dams, and a preliminary report was compiled for the latter. Apart from implementation of the
system, there has also been a full review of IT
systems, adapting them to the requirements of the
Environment Ministrys Dams Surveillance Service,
with reference to the compiling of the annual report
on dams.
A project related to seismic vulnerability studies has
been completed for the Home Office, along with re48 LABORATORIO CENTRAL DE ESTRUCTURAS Y MATERIALES
Aljaraque Reservoir.
STUDY ON THE USE OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
Recycled aggregate is the aggregate obtained by processing construction and demolition rubble. According to the nature of the original residual
material, recycled aggregates can be classified as recycled aggregates from concrete, recycled aggregates from ceramics, or mixed aggregates,
when they come from a mixture of different residual material.
Since the publication of the National Construction and Demolition Residual Materials Plan (PNRCD) in 2001, use of construction and demolition
residual materials (RCDs) has been promoted. One of the aims of this plan is to reach a minimum recycling level of 60% of RCDs by 2006.
In order to promote the recycling of these residual materials (currently less than 15%), regulations must be put in place to guarantee adequate
use of materials for different applications. In Spain, regulations are currently being developed for use of these materials, both for road construction and for use in concrete.
Few countries have regulations or recommendations in place for the use of this type of aggregates in structural concrete, with different tendencies regarding quality levels required for recycled aggregate, the maximum amount of aggregate permitted in concrete, and limitations as to applications for this concrete. The lack of standardisation in international regulations calls for specific studies to evaluate the properties of recycled
aggregates currently produced in Spain and their influence on concrete. To this end, the CEDEX Central Laboratory for Structures and Materials
has carried out an experimental study aiming to establish regulations, promoted by the Environment Ministry, which has led to the publication of
a doctoral thesis on the subject.
The work carried out in this study falls into two phases. The first of these has consisted in the control of recycled aggregate production in
Spain today, with a full characterisation being carried out, in line with the requirements established by the EHE (Spanish structural concrete
code of practice). The results reached have allowed for regulatory requisites to be established, that should make recycled aggregate satisfactory for use in structural concrete, as well as the maximum percentage appropriate so that a combination of natural and recycled aggregate
meets EHE specifications.
The second part of the study has consisted of the evaluation of the influence of different percentages of recycled aggregate on the properties, both
of fresh and hardened concrete. This has allowed for the establishment of a maximum recommended percentage of coarse recycled aggregate in
structural concrete, so that the quality of the recycled concrete is adequate.
To this end, a top limit of quantity of recycled aggregate has been selected, admissible for the production of concrete according to the specifications established in the first phase, and the following properties of the concrete have been tested: consistency, air content, compression resistance, traction resistance, elasticity and shrinkage - in concrete with 20%, 50% and 100% coarse recycled aggregate.
The results of this study have allowed for the establishment of recommendations for the use of recycled aggregate in the production of structural
concrete. The following are amongst the most important:
- Use of coarse recycled aggregate (> 4 mm) from concrete rubble
- Maximum substitution of 20% of coarse natural aggregate
- Additional specifications to the recycled and natural aggregate
- Application in mass and reinforced concrete of fck 40 N/mm2
In November 2002, the Recycled Concrete Work Group was also founded, coordinated by CEDEX, at the request of the Permanent Concrete
Commission and the ACHE, Technical-Scientific Structural Concrete Association. It was charged with drafting a document, complementary to the
current structural concrete regulations (EHE, Spanish Structural Concrete Code of Practice), containing specific recommendations on the use
of recycled aggregate in this application. This document was passed to the Permanent Concrete Commission in October 2005.
On account of this experience it was decided to carry out a pilot trial using recycled concrete, in which the Central Structures and
Materials Laboratory would provide the necessary technical assistance for the project and works management, in relation to the use of
recycled materials.
The chosen application is a cable-stayed bridge (Figure 2) in the municipal area of Manises (Valencia), which will substitute the concrete
structure already in existence (Figure 3). The aim of this project is to recycle concrete material from the old structure to produce part of the
concrete for the new one.
Due to the novel nature of using recycled aggregates in concrete, especially in the type of structure in this project, coarse recycled aggregate will substitute a maximum 20% of the coarse natural aggregate in the HA-35 concrete used for the slabs of the new bridge.
It has been decided to recycle the entire structure. Part of the materials will be used in the new bridge, while the rest will go to the road building works that will link the bridge with Paterna, some 750 m long, using the recycled aggregate for the roads sub-base.
The phases of the study take in, firstly, a characterisation of the materials in the current structure to be demolished (Figure 6). This characterisation has, amongst other factors, allowed for the definition of elements to be re-used in the concrete of the new bridge.
The type of processing required for the rubble produced has also been analysed, in order to obtain aggregate of adequate characteristics.
Finally, a control plan for recycled materials has been drafted, both for the aggregate produced and for the concrete to be produced using it.
This project is a milestone in the field of recycling of residual material from construction and demolition, both in Spain and at an international level, on account of the type of bridge to be built. This is bound to provide a better understanding of these materials, and to promote
their use in the future.
LABORATORIO DE
GEOTECNIA
- Construction, assembly and conducting tests, simulating the passage of trains at 200 Km/hour, at fullscale railway infrastructure test facilities.
- Construction of a gauging station at Kilometre 69.5
on the high-speed rail link between Madrid and Zaragoza and recording the train movements on three sections with instruments.
- Rehabilitation of a transition zone to the Amposta
Viaduct without disturbing train movements along
the Mediterranean Corridor.
- Jetting up a triaxial cell for dynamic tests conducted on micro-ballast.
The Laboratorio also continued to participate with
the European geotechnical centre platform European
Large Geotechnical Institute Platform (ELGIP).
In the field of technical assistance further collaboration
took place with different Directorates dependent upon
the Ministerio de Fomento, and the following Ministries: Environment, Education and Science, and different Regional Governments, County Councils, Local
Councils, Public Bodies, Associations and Companies.
The stability conditions of the cuttings on the Jerz
(Cdiz) By-Pass were studied for the Direccin GeLABORATORIO DE GEOTECNIA 55
neral de Carreteras (Ministerio de Fomento) and suggestions have been put forward with respect to works
to be performed to redesign them. The results obtained from instrumentation work on the cuttings of the
Montagut to Olot Section of the N-260 Highway were
analysed and laboratory tests were conducted on
samples taken from the Alczar del Rey to Horcajada
de la Torre Section of the Castilla-La Mancha Dual
Carriageway. The damage to the Torrox Tunnel at Kilometre 288 on the Mediterranean Dual Carriageway
was also analysed.
Apart from the aforementioned activities, a geotechnical study was carried out on the damaged section
of the CN-340 Highway at Kilometre 92.4; the stability of the cutting located between Kilometres 5.8 and
6 on the Pesquera to Reinosa Section of the Cantabria Meseta Dual Carriageway was analysed; the
final state of the Peon del Cuervo cutting, on the
East Section of the Mlaga Ring road was examined,
after the emergency works had been performed between July 2004 and May 2005; a supplementary study
was conducted with respect to the protection measures taken to combat rock-falls affecting the road
works on the N-1 Highway in the Condado de Trevio; a rockfill wall was designed to replace the existing rockfill lining to the Torremir cutting on the
CN-232 Highway, in Castelln; the landslide that occurred at Kilometre 12.2 of the Chiclana to Conil de
la Frontera Section of the N-340 Cdiz to Barcelona
Dual Carriageway was studied, and a synthesis of the
work supervised in situ by the Laboratorio for the Vallirana Bypass in Barcelona was also carried out for
the same highway between the months of July and
October 2005; geotechnical advice was given for
analysing the stability of the slopes on an embankment between Kilometres 0.7 and 1.34 and the slopes
of a cutting lying between Kilometres 1.4 and 2.0
along the Encinas Reales Section of the A-45 Crdoba
to Mlaga Dual Carriageway; the proposal for making
modifications to the works on the Navarrete - Njera
Section of the A-12 Camino de Santiago Dual Carriageway were also examined.
Furthermore, a set of Technical Notes was issued dealing with the following pathology analyses and studies:
56 LABORATORIO DE GEOTECNIA
- Slope stability work carried out between Kilometres 0.62 and 0.83; 5.85 and 6.40; 8.36 and 9.04 of the
Mainar to Paniza Section of the Mudjar Dual Carriageway (Zaragoza) and analysis of the results obtained from the laboratory tests conducted with cutting
samples taken between Kilometre 5.6 and Kilometre
6.6 of the Castelln to Carrin Section of the aforementioned dual carriageway.
- Analysis of the geotechnical aspects affecting the
N-340 Vallirana Bypass.
- Research into the excavation work that has to be
undertaken to repair the cutting along the PesqueraReinosa Section of the Cantabria Meseta Dual Carriageway, referred to above.
- Recommendations for designing a rockfill wall that
will make it possible to stabilise the slopes between
Kilometres 279.86 and 279.93 of the N-1 Highway in
the vicinity of Briviesca (Burgos).
In fulfilment of the 3-year Agreement signed with the
Ente Pblico Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF), the Laboratorio drew up two reports on the medium- and long-term behaviour study
concerning the rail ballast platforms. One was issued
in July 2005 and contained the final results of the
study, whereas the other one, issued in November
2005, provided a synthesis of those results.
Furthermore, and also within the framework of the
agreement entered into with ADIF, which envisages
the performance of applied research activities, technical assistance and the development of technology
A very brief description is given below of how this technique is applied to studying the homogeneity of the soil-cement crust after having
treated the sludge lying in the South Dock in the Port of Valencia using the deep soil mixing technique.
APPLICATION OF THE SWSA METHOD TO STUDYING THE HOMOGENEITY OF THE SOIL-CEMENT CRUST
IN THE SOUTH DOCK OF THE PORT OF VALENCIA
The surface to which the treatment was applied can be seen in Figures 1 and 2. As can be seen in these figures, the improvement is made
along bands, in such a way that in each position the machine can treat, cells, which in this case were approximately 4 x 4 x 4 m 3.
Figure 3 shows the mixer that was used to create the soil cement mixture, and two different moments in the improvement procedure can
be seen in Figures 4 and 5.
The first tests to be conducted using the SWSA technique (figure 6) were performed on several cells belonging to bands L and M (See Figure 1),
which had been finished about two weeks before the test took place. A zone on the untreated strip P was also selected with a view to estimating the stiffness of the sludge.
The reason for testing bands L and M was because trials were still being conducted, which meant that different proportions of cement could
be used for one of the bands.
In view of the fact that the main purpose of the test was to study the homogeneity of the soil being treated, the criterion followed was the
quality of the records obtained (coherence and phase). On the basis of this criterion, it was considered that strip M proved to be more homogeneous than band L.
The Laboratorio intends to apply this type of test on at least two more occasions. The second phase, that will be conducted when the whole
zone has been treated and the third phase, that will take place after a period during which the sludge will be compacted by means of drains
and preloading.
LABORATORIO DE GEOTECNIA 59
OBRAS PBLICAS
Y URBANISMO
The CEHOPU worked on several newly created exhibitions throughout 2005, and reference must first be
made to the one entitled Espaa en el Mediterrneo. La Construccin del Espacio (Spain in the Mediterranean. The
Construction of Space), which focuses on construction
and technique as vital factors in the shaping of the Mediterranean territory. It is due to be opened in the Sala
Galleries is being exhibited, with abundant artistic iconography, in the form of paintings, prints, etchings, drawings, models, treaties and books, which are being lent
to the CEHOPU thanks to arranges made with the
Museo del Prado, the Biblioteca del Monasterio de San
Lorenzo de El Escorial, Patrimonio Nacional, the National Capodimonte Museum and the San Martino Museum, both in Naples, the Breda Art Gallery or the
Castello Sforzesco Museum, in Milan, Galata Maritime
Museum in Genoa, Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of
Art (Connecticut), and many more.
Besal bridge.
Imon waterwheel.
shown in the different capitals of the Region. The exhibition, which features engineering works and projects that have been developed in Castilla-La Mancha
from historical times up to the present day, visited Albacete, Guadalajara, Ciudad Real and Talavera de la
Reina in 2005.
The exhibition Puertos espaoles en la historia (Spanish
Ports throughout History) continued its travels, and
was on view in the Iglesia de Sant Francesc en Montblanc (Tarragona) on 21st July, where it remained until
4th September.
The exhibition, Iribarren. Ingeniera y Mar, first shown in
the year 2000, was inaugurated in its English version,
Iribarren. Engineering and Sea, in 2005, the accompanying catalogue also being translated into English. The
objective of this new version was to reach an international target and it was inaugurated on the occasion
of the holding in Madrid from 3rd to 7th July, of the
Fifth International Symposium on Ocean Wave Measurement and Analysis WAVES 2005, organised by the
CEDEX. A book entitled Las olas en la pintura. De la
calma a la tempestad (Waves in Painting. From Calm
to Storm was published to coincide with the occasion;
the aim of this work was to show experts who observe
the sea, how artists view the seascape in different ways.
The book contains the reproductions of 50 paintings of
CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS HISTRICOS DE OBRAS PBLICAS Y URBANISMO 63
Vas Verdes.
During the course of the year, work progressed on improving the institutions Website, so that it will be possible to publicise the CEHOPUs work and initiatives in
all its spheres of activity from the moment the Centro
was established up to the present time, without forgetting forthcoming projects and taking into account the
recommendations for creating Websites for Public Bodies of the State Authorities. The idea is to show the
activities of the Centro in a clear and visual way, describing the services that are offered by the CEHOPU
and the entities with which it collaborates, as well as
providing details of the lectures and seminars that are
being organised and setting up two databases, one for
exhibitions and the other for publications, both of which
contain systematic and easy-to-access information.
Besal bridge.
cape assessment, aspects that he was already including as an essential part of his projects many years earlier. This environmental factor pervaded
all his works, a fact that is particularly epitomised by his devotion to strict height bridges, invariably very simple structures with pure lines, which
in no way detracted from the complexity of the task, quite the opposite.
All of this serves to endorse the work that the CEHOPU is carrying out on an ongoing basis to make the public aware of the engineers great material and theoretical legacy, by holding an exhibition that, during the first 3-monthly period of 2007, will be presented in the Sala de las Arqueras
de los Nuevos Ministerios.
First of all, the exhibition consists of a biographical part, which shows the construction processes chronologically, using photographs of the different stages that they went through; another section will deal with his devotion to historical research, such as, for instance, his research into Roman
roads or bridges, and the restoration of ancient engineering works, which was Fernndez Casados other great passion. All of these sections are
supplemented with models not only of his constructions but also his experimental work and his projects.
His research work and theoretical production will also be on view, in the form of an exhibition of original documentation, consisting of texts, articles, publications of all kinds and, when necessary, these will be featured on panels showing reproductions of them.
To coincide with the exhibition, a book will be published containing studies on the life and achievements of Fernndez Casado, together with as
complete a list as possible of his works and some writings from the author himself.
Various preparatory activities had already been carried out when this report was being drawn up, so it is possible to give an insight into some of
the groundwork tasks that are being undertaken to bring this exhibition together. These activities include the digitalization of the graphic documentation, a selection of his extensive bibliography and written documentation, as well as the plans, spreadsheets, original drawings, etc., from the
different works carried out by Carlos Fernndez Casado.
ANEXO
CURSOS
MSTERES, CURSOS Y JORNADAS CEDEX INTERNACIONALES
- Curso Internacional: Los Sistemas de Informacin Geogrfica en el Manejo
de Cuencas. Santa Cruz de la sierra (Bolivia). AECI-CEDEX.
- IV Jornadas Tcnicas sobre el Sistema Iberoamericano de Informacin sobre
el Agua. Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). SIAGUA-CEDEX.
- II Reunin de Directores de Institutos Nacionales Iberoamericanos de
Ingeniera y Experimentacin Hidrulica. Cartagena de Indias (Colombia).
- Jornada Tcnica Internacional sobre el Agua En Explanadas y Capas de
Firmes de Carretera. Madrid. COST-CEDEX.
- Mster en Hidrologa General y Aplicada. Madrid. En colaboracin con la
Agencia Espaola de Cooperacin Internacional, UNESCO, Direccin General
del Agua del Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y otras instituciones.
- Mster en Ingeniera de Puertos y Costas. Madrid. En colaboracin con la
Agencia Espaola de Cooperacin Internacional, Ente Nacional Puertos del
Estado, Direccin General de Costas y otras instituciones.
- Mster en Ingeniera de Regados. Madrid. En colaboracin con la Agencia
Espaola de Cooperacin Internacional, UNESCO, Direccin General del Agua
y otras instituciones.
- Mster en Mecnica del Suelo e Ingeniera de Cimentaciones. Madrid. En
colaboracin con la Agencia Espaola de Cooperacin Internacional (AECI),
Fundacin Agustn de Betancourt y la Universidad Politcnica de Madrid.
MSTERES Y CURSOS CEDEX NACIONALES
- Curso Selectivo de Acceso al Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y
Puertos del Estado. Madrid. Escuela de Formacin Tcnica de los Ministerios
de Fomento y Medio Ambiente, en colaboracin con la Subsecretara del
Ministerio de Fomento.
- Curso Selectivo de Acceso al Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Tcnicos de Obras
Pblicas. Madrid.
- Curso sobre Diseo de Carreteras y Ferrocarriles. Madrid. Escuela de
Formacin Tcnica.
- Curso sobre Ondas Largas (Inframarea). Madrid.
- Curso sobre Uso y Aplicacin de Datos de Oleaje en Proyectos Tpicos de
Ingeniera. Madrid.
- II Curso de Ecologa Fluvial y Restauracin de Ros y Riberas. Madrid.
- XII Curso sobre Limnologa Aplicada: Embalses, Lagunas y Ros. Madrid.
- XXIII Curso sobre Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales y Explotacin de
Estaciones Depuradoras. Madrid.
PARTICIPACIN EN CURSOS EXTERNOS
Cimentaciones 2005. Madrid. Institute for International Research.
Tipologa, diseo y clculo de pilotes: Olalla, C.
ridos: Propiedades Geomecnicas, Petrotexturales, Ensayos
Fsicos y Mecnicos. (Curso de Doctorado). Zaragoza. Universidad
de Zaragoza.
ridos para hormigones. Soriano, J.
Reacciones de interaccin rido-cemento. Soriano, J.
Curso Bsico de Geosintticos. Barcelona. Escuela Tcnica Superior de
Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos. Captulo Espaol de la IGS.
Tipos de geosintticos. Leiro, A.
Canteras: Extraccin, Tratamientos y Procesos de Elaboracin de
los Productos. (Curso de Doctorado). Zaragoza. Universidad de
Zaragoza.
Cementos industriales. Soriano, J. Adiciones activas. Soriano, J.
Conservacin y Explotacin de Carreteras. Madrid. Ministerio de
Fomento. Subdireccin General de Recursos Humanos.
Auscultacin de estructuras, tipologa de obras de fbrica, patologa de las
obras de fbrica. Astudillo, R.
Curso Internacional sobre Ingeniera de Puertos y Costas.
Quertaro (Mxico). Instituto Mexicano del Transporte (IMT).
Dinmica de los sedimentos en playas, ros y estuarios. Transporte elico.
Lechuga, .
70 ANEXO
CONGRESOS
SIMPOSIOS, JORNADAS Y SEMINARIOS EN EL CEDEX
- Jornadas sobre Documentos Econmicos y de Calidad de los Proyectos.
Madrid. Escuela de Formacin Tcnica.
- Jornadas sobre ndices de Actividad Alfa Total, Beta Total y Beta Resto en
Aguas Marinas. Madrid.
- Jornadas sobre Problemtica de la Ejecucin de los Contratos de Obra con
las Administraciones Pblicas y el Contrato Concesional. Madrid. Escuela de
Formacin Tcnica.
- Jornada Tcnica sobre el Clculo de Cimentaciones en Roca con el Criterio
de Hoek y Brown. Madrid.
- Seminario del Sistema Distribuido Open-Acces para el Remide. Madrid.
- V Simposio Internacional sobre Medida y Anlisis del Oleaje (WAVES).
Madrid.
- I Simposio Nacional sobre Proyecto, Construccin e Impermeabilizacin de
Balsas. Sevilla.
COMUNICACIONES A CONGRESOS, JORNADAS Y SEMINARIOS EXTERNOS
ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography)
Meeting, junio 2005. Santiago de Compostela.
- Remote sensing of phytoplankton in an eutrophic reservoir. Ruiz-Verd,
A.; Domnguez, J.A.; Simis, S.G.H.; Gons, H.J. y Pea, R.
- Remote sensing of cyanobacterial biomass in eutrophic lakes. Simis,
S.G.H.; Ruiz-Verd, A.; Peters, S.W.M.; Pea, R. y Gons, H.J.
- Effects of grazing and nutrient release by copepods on the microbial
food web of antarctic lake. Camacho, A.; Rico, E.; Petz, W.; FernndezValiente, E.; Tor, M.; Vincent, W.F. y Quesada, A.
- Hozgarganta river biotic: characteristics of an mediterranean basin in
pristine conditions. Robles, S.; Nuo, C.; Avils, J. y Toro, M.
- Invertebrate communities of fresh-water ecosystems in Byers peninsula,
Livingston island, Antartica. Rico, E.; Toro, M.; Camacho, A.; Rochera, C.;
Fernndez, E. y Quesada, A.
- Cyanobacterial abundance and cyanotoxins in Spanish freshwaters.
Quesada,A.; Sanchis, D.; Carrasco, d. y de Hoyos, C.
- Phytoplankton as a biological indicator to assess the ecological status of
Spanish reservoirs. de Hoyos, C. y Serrano, M.L.
- Toxicity vs. toxins concentration in Spanish reservoirs. Carrasco, D.;
Paniagua, T.; Moreno, E.; Wrmer, I.; Fernndez, F.; Ouahid, Y. y de Hoyos, C.
VII Coastal Engineering 2005. Algarve (Portugal). Wessex Institute
of Technology (UK). Universidad de Coimbra (Portugal).
- Analysis of shear strength of armoustone based on 1m3 direct shear
tests: Estaire, J. y Olalla, C.
XIV Congreso Argentino de Vialidad y Trnsito. Buenos Aires
(Argentina). Asociacin Argentina de Carreteras.
- Principales lneas de investigacin sobre carreteras en Espaa. Ruiz, A.
X Congreso de Control de Calidad en la Construccin, VIII
Congreso Latinoamericano de Patologa de la Construccin.
Asuncin (Paraguay). Asociacin Latinoamericana de Control de
Calidad, Patologa y Recuperacin de las Construcciones
(ALCONPAT) y la Universidad Catlica Nuestra Seora de la
Asuncin.
- Ensayo del comportamiento de diferentes geotextiles en la instalacin
en la base de un terrapln. Leiro, A.
XXXI Congreso de la IAHR. Seoul (Korea). Asociacin
Internacional de Investigacin e Ingeniera Hidrulica (IAHR).
- The Iberoamerican network of national institutes of hydraulic
engineering and research. Grassa, J.M.
V Congreso Ibrico de Geoqumica. Soria. Consejo Superior de
Colegios de Ingenieros de Minas.
72 ANEXO
74 ANEXO
LIBROS
http://www.cedex.es/documentacin/ringcivil.html
PUBLICACIONES DE IMAGEN
Folletos de actividades tcnicas y cientficas 2004 con la separata de eventos
realizados en ese ao.
Captulos de libros
Mtodos Numricos en Ingeniera. SEMNI (Sociedad Espaola de Mtodos
Numricos en Ingeniera).
Granada. ISBN 84-95999-74-9. Editores: Prez, J. L., Rodrguez-Ferrn,A.;
Martis, J.A. C., Gallego, R. y De Sa, J.C.
- Initiation mechanisms for fast granular flows. Fernndez-Merodo, J.A.; Mira,
P.; Pastor, M. y Tonni, l.
- Modelizacin numrica del lahar del 22 de enero de 2001 (Popocatpetl,
Mexico) Haddad, B.; Herreros, M. I.; Pastor, M.; Quecedo, M. y Palacios, D.
Powders and Grains. A. A. Balkema Publishers.
Amsterdam (Pases Bajos). ISBN 0 415 38348 X. Editores: Garca-Rojo, R.;
Herrmann, H. J. y Mc Namara, S.
- Fluidization and liquefaction of geomaterials in fast slope movements.
Pastor, M., Herreros, M.I.; Fernndez-Merodo, J.A.; Gonzlez, E.; Mira, P.;
Haddad, B. y Quecedo, M. pg 711-718.
The Role of Pore Pressures on Fast Landslides Triggering and Propagation.
Patron Editore. Bolonia (Italia). Editores: Barla, G. y Barla, M.
- A mathematical modelling approach prediction, analysis and design in
geomechanical applications. Pastor, M.; Fernndez-Merodo, J.A.; Herreros, M.
I.; Gonzlez, E.; Mira, P.; Haddad, B. y Quecedo, M. pg.671-682.
Restauracin y rehabilitacin de monumentos.
Aplicacin de las Tcnicas de Tratamiento Digital de Imgenes y Sistemas de
Informacin Geogrfica Asociados. Captulo 2. Prendes, N. ISBN: 84-89450-33-8.
Editor: Munilla-Lera.
Tesis
76 ANEXO
ANEXO 77
78 ANEXO
Actividades de investigacin aplicada, asistencia tcnica y desarrollo tecnolgico de inters para el sistema ferroviario espaol de titularidad estatal
Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF) (80-403-4-008)
Nota tcnica sobre la visita efectuada al tnel de Pajares
Propuesta de instrumentacin de un terrapln. Tramo Fuencarral-Canto
Blanco
Instrumentacin del terrapln de El Arenero. Lnea AVE Madrid-SegoviaValladolid, subtramo 1 (seccin segunda)
Revisin del documento UIC-719R
Estudio del comportamiento a medio y largo plazo de las plataformas ferroviarias de balasto
Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF) (81-402-4-001)
Resultados finales del estudio
Sntesis de los resultados obtenidos en el convenio
nes de caudales ecolgicos. Anlisis de las variables ambientales del estuario del ro Guadiana (ao 2004)
Restauracin y recuperacin ambiental de reas fluviales degradadas por la accin antrpica. Fase experimental: ro Zjar,
Confederacin Hidrogrfica del Guadiana (Hidrulica continental)
Direccin General del Agua (51-404-1-033)
Caracterizacin de las comunidades vegetales riparias de las cuencas alta y
media del Guadiana. Caracterizacin geomorfolgica de la red fluvial del
alto y medio Guadiana
Resultados finales
Resultados finales de los ensayos complementarios
Asistencia tcnica al Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear en los programas de vigilancia radiolgica del medio acutico (2004).
SRA/782/2004/227.06
Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear (52-404-7-023)
Resumen final de los trabajos realizados
Programa de vigilancia radiolgica ambiental en el medio acutico (Red de estaciones de muestreo: red espaciada)
Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear (52-404-7-024). Ao 2004
Trabajos e informes de patologa geotcnica en edificios del
Ministerio de Cultura (2005)
Gerencia de Infraestructuras y Equipamientos de Cultura (Ministerio de
Cultura) (80-405-7-016). Informe tcnico relativo con las humedades del
palacio del Infantado (Guadalajara)
Colaboracin en trabajos de investigacin sobre lesiones estructurales en aparcamiento del Ferial Juan Carlos I, de IFEMA
(Madrid)
Instituto de Ciencias de la Construccin Eduardo Torroja (81-404-7-010).
Resultados finales de los trabajos
OTROS MINISTERIOS
Trabajos e informes de patologa estructural en edificios del
Ministerio de Cultura (2005)
Gerencia de Infraestructuras y Equipamientos de Cultura (Ministerio de
Cultura) (12-405-7-022)
Informe sobre las patologas detectadas en el edificio del palacio de la
Aduana, en Mlaga
Informe preliminar sobre las estructuras del museo Arqueolgico de Cuenca
y edificios anexos (Cuenca)
Informe sobre la estructura del museo de La Rioja (Logroo)
Museo de la Necrpolis paleocristiana de Tarragona
Estudio y desarrollo de metodologas para la estimacin de la
vulnerabilidad de construcciones frente a solicitaciones ssmicas
y de inspeccin de edificaciones afectadas por terremotos
Direccin General de Proteccin Civil (13-403-7-003)
Resultados finales del estudio
Determinacin de mdulos y leyes de fatiga de hormign con caucho
Escuela Tcnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid (31-404-7-002)
82 ANEXO
Estudio de las nuevas instalaciones deportivas en la antigua drsena de la E.T.E.A. Vigo (Pontevedra)
Consorcio Zona Franca de Vigo (22-505-3-003)
Resultados finales del estudio
II Adenda al convenio para la realizacin de trabajos tendentes
a la regeneracin y adecuacin ambiental de la baha de
Portmn (Murcia)
Comunidad Autnoma de la Regin de Murcia - Ente Pblico Puertos del
Estado (EPPE) (23-404-8-018)
Adenda a la memoria-resumen de las alternativas de actuacin
Elaboracin de una norma tcnica sobre sistemas de contencin
de vehculos
Gobierno Vasco (36-402-8-001). Anlisis de la normativa actual, nacional e
internacional, sobre sistemas de contencin de vehculos
Caracterizacin geotcnica de los piroclastos canarios dbilmente cementados
Gobierno de Canarias (82-402-8-011)
EMPRESAS NACIONALES
Estudio estadstico del comportamiento fotomtrico de los
materiales retrorreflectantes constituidos por microesferas de
vidrio de nivel 1 (3M EG)
3M Espaa, S.A. (11-505-5-015). Resultados finales del estudio
Ensayos de contraste de los de seguimiento de armaduras de acero
con caractersticas especiales de ductilidad con marca ARCER
Instituto para la Promocin de Armaduras Certificadas, IPAC (12-504-5-032).
Resultados finales de los ensayos
Pruebas de vibracin y choque de convertidor 77 kVA - Metro
Santiago de Chile L-4 (cdigo SEPSA 000402)
Sistemas Electrnicos de Potencia, S.A. (13-504-5-072)
Resultados finales de las pruebas
Pruebas de vibracin y choque de convertidor esttico de 31.5
kVA + 14 W para metro de Mxico-STC (Referencia SEPSA 000414)
Sistemas Electrnicos de Potencia, S.A. (13-504-5-073)
Resultados finales de las pruebas
Pruebas de vibracin y choque de convertidor esttico de 200
kVA - Metro de Roma (cdigo SEPSA 000413)
Sistemas Electrnicos de Potencia, S.A. (13-504-5-074)
Resultados finales de las pruebas
Pruebas de vibracin y choque de grupo motocompresor insonorizado VV230-2. Referencia ISTL 12173/R
Sociedad Espaola de Frenos, S.A. (13-505-5-080)
Resultados finales de las pruebas
Estudio de micropilotes autoperforantes ejecutados por el procedimiento desarrollado por la empresa Rodio (13-504-5-069)
Rodio (81-504-5-019). Resultados finales del estudio
COMITS EN EL CEDEX
CONSEJOS DEL CEDEX
Realizacin de los ensayos Eurabalise and support tests on bibloc and monobloc sleepers
CSEE Transport (54-605-1-010). Resultados finales de los ensayos
ARCER
PROYECTOS DE I+D+i
GT. Incertidumbres
- Subgrupo de Lmites Crticos
GT. Equipos de Medida
CTN 74. Acstica
- SC 2. Acstica en la Edificacin
CTN 77. Medio Ambiente
- SC 1. Agua
CTN 80. Cementos y Cales
- SC 2. Anlisis Qumicos
- SC 3. Especificaciones
CTN 82. Metrologa y Calibracin
- SC 3. Metrologa de Fluidos
CTN 83. Hormign
- SC 2. Aditivos
- SC10. Durabilidad
GT1. Corrosin de la Armadura en el Hormign
GT2. Ensayos Qumicos
CTN 92. Aislamiento Trmico
- SC 1. Ensayos
CTN 102. Yesos
CTN 104. Materiales Impermeabilizantes para la Construccin
CTN 112. Corrosin y Proteccin de Materiales Metlicos
- SC 2. Proteccin de los Materiales Metlicos
GT 4. Corrosin de Armaduras
GT. Revestimientos por Inmersin en Caliente
CTN 125. Albailera
CTN 135. Equipamiento de Carretera para Sealizacin Vial
- SC 1. Barreras de Seguridad
- SC 2. Sealizacin Horizontal
- SC 3. Sealizacin Vertical
GT 3.1. Sealizacin de Mensaje Variable
- SC 4. Regulacin de Trfico
- SC 6. Barreras Antirruido
- SC 7. Pantallas Antideslumbrantes, Telfonos de Emergencia
y otras Dotaciones
CTN 140. Eurocdigos Estructurales
- SC 1. Eurocdigos 0 y 1. Criterios de Proyecto y Acciones sobre
Estructuras
- SC 2. Eurocdigo 2. Estructuras de Hormign
GT 2. Parte 2. Puentes de Hormign
- SC 3. Eurocdigo 3. Estructuras de Acero
- SC 4. Eurocdigo 4. Estructuras Mixtas Hormign-Acero
- SC 7. Eurocdigo 7. Proyecto Geotcnico para Hormigones
- SC 8. Eurocdigo 8. Estructuras en Zonas Ssmicas
CTN 146. ridos para Fabricacin de Hormigones
- SC 2. ridos para Fabricacin de Hormigones
- SC 3. ridos para Carreteras
- SC 5. ridos Reciclados
- SC 6. Ensayos de ridos
GT. ridos Reciclados
CTN 149. Ingeniera del Agua
- SC 2. Abastecimiento de Agua
- SC 3. Redes de Saneamiento y Drenaje
CTN 159. Telemtica Aplicada a la Circulacin y al Transporte por
Carretera
Comits de Certificacin (CTC):
CTC 15. Cementos
CTC 17. Productos de Acero para Hormign
CTC 19. Bculos y Columnas de Alumbrado Pblico
CTC 20. Materiales Aislantes Trmicos
CTC 32. Impermeabilizantes Bituminosos
CTC 36. Tubos y Perfiles Huecos de Acero
CTC 46. Perfiles de Acero Laminados en Caliente
CTC 50. Pinturas y Barnices
CTC 52. Equipamiento para Carreteras
CTC 61. Hormign Preparado
UNISIG
Grupo de Trabajo para la creacin de las especificaciones de prueba del
sistema ERTMS
COMITS DE PUBLICACIONES
88 ANEXO