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Electrolytes are able to conduct electricity because there are freely move
ions in the molten or aqueous state.
Examples of electrolyte are salt solution, dilute acids and dilute alkalis
At the Cathode
Observation
At the Anode
Observation
Half equation
Pb2+ + 2e ---> Pb
Half equation
2Br- ---> Br2 + e
Explanation
Explanation
Electrolysis of concentrated
sodium chloride solution
At
anode :
A greenish-yellow gas
with a pungent and
choking smell is released.
The gas turns the blue
litmus paper red and then
white.
2e
At
cathode:
At
cathode:
Cations : H+ dan K+
2H+ + 2e ---> H2
2H+ + 2e ---> H2
Carbon dan platinum electrodes are inert because both of these materials
do not react with the electrolytes or the product of electrolysis.
Other electrodes except carbon and platinum can react with the
electrolytes.
At cathode : Copper ions are selectively discharged. Shiny brown metal deposited
around cathode. This metal is copper.
At cathode : Copper ions are selectively discharged. Shiny brown metal deposited,
makes the cathode thicker. This metal is copper.
At anode : Copper electrode eroded and became thinner. Copper anode dissolved to form
copper ions.
Zn ------>
Zn2+ +
2e
Cu2+
2e Cu
In a voltaic cell, two different metals are used to create a potential difference.
A higher metal in the electrochemical series will be made negative terminal.
A lower metal in the electrochemical series will be made positive terminal.
Conversion of energy is chemical energy to electrical energy.