P R O D U CT CATALOGUE

o il s e a l s

WWW.BET ECH SEALS . DK

CONTENTS
Page

Introduction
Oil seal function
Sealing principle

4
4
4

Standard oil seals

DIN 3760
Conversion table
Dimensions and designations

5
5
6
6

Technical data
Choice of sealing material
Determining the right elastomer
Metal case
Spring
Pressure
Speed
Choice of correct lubricant
Leakage
Causes of leakage problems
Friction loss

7
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
9
10
10

Design and installation

Design of shaft and housing
Shaft
Housing
Fitting standard oil seals

11
11
11
12
12

Oil seals for special applications

Oil seals for pressure applications
Radial seals
Fitting radial seals
Split seals
Fitting split seals

13
13
14
14
15
15

Storage

16

Troubleshooting

17

Guide for choosing the correct oil seal

18

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oil seals
Introduction
Betech Seals was founded in 1922 and is today
one of the market's leading suppliers of gaskets,
seals, mouldings, bellows, vibration dampers, and
sheet and plate work.
We offer a wide range of seals, including:
Oil seals
V-rings
Gamma rings
Bonded seals
Sealing profiles
O-rings
X-rings
D-rings
Square seals
Backup rings
This catalogue provides relevant technical
information on oil seals. The information is based
on our own experience and should therefore
be considered as rough, general, non-binding
guidelines.
We offer standard oil seals of type DIN 3760
with outside diameters of up to 1000 mm and
radial seals with outside diameters of up to 2400
mm. Besides standard rubber qualities, we offer
highly developed special compounds suitable for
demanding media and working conditions. We
can also develop new materials to meet customerspecific needs.

Oil seal function

Oil seals are one of the most commonly used
seals for dynamic sealing tasks. Oil seals are
generally used to prevent oil from leaking in rotating
applications, but can also be used in special
circumstances to seal against leakage of other
liquids, gases, powders and granules.
To ensure that the oil seal is given optimum working
conditions, thus prolonging its service life as much
as possible, it is important that the shaft surface
complies with the recommended limits. To seal
ball bearings and gears and to prevent leakage of
lubricant and gases or ingress of dirt and dust, it
is also crucial that the oil seal is designed correctly
and made of suitable material.
Sealing principle
The area between the sealing lip and shaft is
a critical part of oil seal design. The oil seal is
pressed into a bearing housing, providing the
required interference between the housing and
the outer surface of the seal. The oil seal is thus
prevented from rotating and forms a static seal.
The sealing lip is equipped with a garter spring,
which presses the lip against the shaft with a welldefined pressure, optimising sealing efficiency and
durability.
A thin film of fluid is formed between the sealing
edge and shaft. Due to capillary force and the
surface topography of the shaft, the fluid being
sealed forms a meniscus under the sealing lip and
is thus prevented from leaking.
Metal case
Outer sealing surface

Outer sealing surface

Garter spring

Dust lip
Spring groove

Front face of sealing lip

Sealing edge
Rear face of sealing lip

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oil seals
Standard oil seals
DIN 3760
All our oil seals conform to the German DIN 3760
standard and the ISO 9002 quality standard. DIN
3760 describes general requirements on oil seal
design, dimensions and tolerances.

Betech Seals designation

Description

SC

Equipped with rubber sheath, allowing use in

applications with rough surfaces or high thermal
expansion. Suitable for sealing against low-viscosity
and gaseous media. Easily replaced as fretting
corrosion is prevented.

TC

As type SC but with dust lip.*

SB2

Oil seal with metal case and vulcanised sealing lip.

Requires smoother surface than type SC to achieve
outer surface tightness. Often replaced by type SC.

TB2

As type SB but with dust lip.*

SA2

Oil seal with metal case similar to type SB but with

additional reinforcement. Used primarily for large
shaft diameters.

TA2

As type SA but with dust lip.*

DC

Double sealing lip with two springs.

* Recommended for sealing against dirt, dust and moisture on air side.

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oil seals
Metal case
As standard, the oil seal case is made of plain
carbon steel and treated to prevent corrosion.
Some special applications require a stainless steel
case however.
Spring
As standard, oil seals are supplied with a
galvanised steel spring. Springs are, however, also
available in stainless steel, acid-resistant steel,
bronze or elastomer.
Conversion table
DIN

Betech
Seals

SimritFreudenberg

Gaco

Dichtomatic

Kako

Simmerwerke

Eriks

SKF

3760A

SC

BA

WA

DG

HSM5

3760B

SB2

B1

ABI

WB

DF

CRW1

3760C

SA2

B2

WC

DFK

GV

CRSH1

3760AS

TC

BASL

WAS

DGS

ASL

RST

HMSA10

3760BS

TB2

B1SL

WBS

DFS

BSL

MST

CRWA1

3760CS

TA2

BSSL

WCS

DFSK

CSL

GVST

CRSHA1

3760AS-P

TCV

BABSL

WASY

FA

Dimensions and designations

Oil seal dimensions are specified as shown in the
example below:

Oil seal:
Type:
Material:

OTR
SC
NBR

Shaft diameter:
Outside diameter:
Width:

d1
d2
b

Stainless steel:

SS

Designation:

OTR SC NBR

RST-D

= 35 mm
= 45 mm
= 7 mm

d1

35 45 7 SS

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d2

oil seals
Technical data
Choice of sealing material
Oil seals consist of a case and sealing lip. The case
is made of either plain carbon steel or stainless
steel while the sealing lip is made of elastomer.
Which material is most suitable? The choice of
material depends on temperature, shaft speed,
medium and the surrounding environment. As
standard, the sealing lip is made of oil-resistant
NBR rubber. If, however, the seal is to be used in
applications with high shaft speeds or aggressive
media, a wide range of other materials that are
more suitable for such conditions is also available.
Determining the right elastomer
NBR
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber
NBR has low compression set and good resistance
to hydraulic oils, diesel oils and mineral greases. As
it can withstand neither ozone nor UV radiation, the
material is unsuitable for outdoor applications. As
NBR is a very gas-tight material, it is often used in
applications involving gas.
Brand name: Nitrile, BunaN
Temperature range:
35 C to +120 C in oil / +90 C in water
FPM
Fluorelastomer
FPM has excellent resistance to mineral oils,
aliphatic, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons,
concentrated and dilute acids and a wide variety
of other chemicals. It is also resistant to ageing,
ozone and weathering. On the other hand, FPM

becomes inflexible in cold environments and has

relatively poor resistance to polar liquids (ketones,
ethers and esters).
Brand name: Viton
Temperature range: 15 C to +200 C
Q
Silicone
This elastomer can withstand both high and
low temperatures and has low compression
set. Silicone is resistant to sunlight, oxygen, UV
radiation and dry heat but cannot withstand most
petroleum-based liquids, ketones (e.g. MEK and
acetone), steam or ether. Silicone is not gas-tight.
Silicone is not recommended for applications in
which it comes into contact with hydrocarbons like
petrol or paraffin or steam at pressures over 3.5
bar.
Temperature range: 60 C to +200 C
ACM
Polyacrylate
This elastomer is suitable for high temperatures
and mineral oils and is also ideal for oil additives,
especially sulphur additives used for lubrication
purposes under extreme pressures. ACM has good
resistance to ozone, weathering and oxidation.
ACM is often used in applications that combine
high temperature and oil.
Temperature range: 20 C to +130 C

Maximum temperature (C) of sealing medium

Elastomer

Min. temp.

Engine
oil

Gearbox oil
SAE

Hypoid oil

ATF oil

Grease

Petrol

Water

Lye

Brake
fluid

NBR

-35

100

80

80

100

90

90

70

70

ACM

-20

130

120

120

130

-60

150

130

FPM

-15

180

150

150

170

150

100

100

- The elastomer is not resistant to these media.

* No guarantee of elastomer tightness can be given for these media.

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oil seals
Resistance table, elastomers
Resistance

NBR

ACM

VMQ

FPM

HNBR

PTFE

Wear

High temperature

3
Max. 100 C

2
Max. 150 C

1
Max. 180 C

1
Max. 200 C

2
Max. 150 C

2
Max. 200 C

Low temperature

Down to 40 C

Down to -30 C

Down to -50 C

Down to -15 C

Down to -40 C

Down to -80 C

Oil
(+ high
temperature)

2
(max. 80 C in
heavy-duty oils)

(max. 150 C
operating
temperature)

(max. 140 C
operating
temperature)

Chemicals

Price level

Economical

More expensive
than NBR

Relatively
expensive

Expensive

1= excellent 2 = good 3 = limited 4 = not recommended

Metal case
The metal case or metal insert stiffens and
strengthens the seal. Metal cases designed for
standard oil seals are unsuitable for axial loads. In
applications where the oil seal is exposed to axial
loads, it is recommended that the seal be equipped
with a specially designed metal case.

pressures of up to 10 bar can, however, also be

designed.

Usually, the case is made of cold-rolled steel

sheet (AISI 1008, DIN 1624). In applications that
require protection against corrosion or chemical
attack, metal cases of stainless steel (AISI 304, DIN
1.4301) can be used.

Shaft peripheral speed [V] is specified in m/s and

calculated as follows:

Galvanised spring steel SAE 1074, DIN 17223

Stainless spring steel AISI 304, DIN 1.4301
Pressure
If the internal pressure is low or non-existent (less
than 0.5 bar), a standard oil seal of type DIN A, B or
C should be used.
Oil seals which are suitable for applications with

d1 x R x
60.000

V: shaft peripheral speed [m/s]

d1: shaft diameter [mm]
R: rotational speed [rpm]
For guidance purposes, the diagram below
indicates general guidelines for choice of elastomer
at specific peripheral and rotational speeds.
15000 1000 9000 8000 7000 6000

20000

40

3500

35

3000

30
25

2500

20

2000
1500
1000

10

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

500

20

40

60

80

100

120 140

shaft diameter (mm)

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5000 4500 4000

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160

180

200 mm

rotational speed, shaft (rpm)

If rubber is subjected to heat, loads or chemicals,

it will gradually lose its initial properties. In other
words, the rubber ages. The purpose of the spring
is to ensure that the oil seal retains its initial radial
strength.

V=

peripheral speed, shaft (m/s)

Spring
As standard, oil seals are equipped with galvanised
steel spring. For applications where the seal must
be capable of withstanding water or particularly
aggressive liquids, springs of stainless steel,
acid-resistant steel, bronze or elastomer are also
available.

Speed
The peripheral speed, rotational speed and
diameter of the shaft are important parameters
when choosing the most suitable elastomer.

oil seals
Choice of correct lubricant
To prevent leakage, a 1-3 m thick layer of lubricant
is required between the sealing edge and shaft.
The lubricant provides a film of liquid that forms an
interface between air on the one side and liquid on
the other. If the liquid film is broken, leakage may
result.
To obtain minimum friction, there must be a film of
liquid between the sealing lip and shaft. The film
acts as a lubricant, preventing friction and heat
generation. The lower the temperature, the longer
the expected service life of the seal. The sealing
lip must never be allowed to dry completely. When
used to seal oil or grease, the seal will seldom dry
out. Similarly, oil seals adjacent to ball bearings
will normally be lubricated sufficiently by the
ball bearing lubricant. When used to seal nonlubricating media, the seal should be lubricated
with oil or grease before fitting. With two-lipped or
double seals, the space between the two sealing
lips must be filled with grease prior to fitting. Note
though that the oil seal must be fitted in such a
way as to prevent the creation of overpressure
when applying the lubricant. To prolong oil seal
service life, a certain amount of leakage should be
accepted. In practice, however, such leakage will
be so small as to be immeasurable. If an oil seal is
allowed to dry out, it will very quickly rupture.

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Leakage
Leakage can be categorised and defined in various
ways.

Watertight:

No liquid present on shaft.

Damp:

Beads of moisture near the

sealing edge reduce sealing
efficiency, but the other side
of the surface area remains
unaffected.

Wet:

Beads of moisture, which also

spread to the other side of the
surface area. Drops of liquid
form but do not drip.

Measurable
leakage:

Small beads of moisture on

outer surface of housing,
originating from rear side of
seal.

Temporary
leakage:

A transient problem with the

sealing system, caused for
example by small particles
of dirt accumulating beneath
the sealing edge. Such
particles will be dislodged by
subsequent use.

Apparent
leakage:

A problem caused by the

lubricant between sealing
edge and dust lip. The
lubricant overflows, giving the
impression of leakage on the
outer face.

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oil seals
Friction loss
0,6

70

0,4
0,3

60

0,2

50
40
30

0,1
0,0

20
10
1000

2000

3000
4000
shaft speed (rpm)

5000

Friction loss
Friction not only has consequences for the oil
seal sealing lip. Excessive friction may also cause
unintended power loss from the system.
Some friction loss is inevitable as the sealing
principle of oil seals is based on the friction arising
between the sealing lip and shaft where the two
components are separated by a very thin film of
liquid. For any given shaft diameter and rotation
speed, the friction coefficient depends on the
friction between the actual oil seal and the shaft.
Measuring the precise amount of friction loss is
difficult. However, the diagram in the next column
illustrates the relationship between power loss,
shaft diameter and shaft speed for standard oil
seals with standard high-quality oil (SAE 30) at
100C.

10

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6000

shaft diameter (mm)

80

0,5
power loss (hp)

Causes of leakage problems

Tolerances concerning the interference between
the outer surface of the seal and the bearing
housing have been exceeded.
The rubber has cracked because operating
parameters have been exceeded.
The rubber has hardened because operating
parameters have been exceeded or because it
is incompatible with the media being sealed.
Corrosion of shaft up to sealing edge.
Insufficient lubrication: Seal has dried out and
sealing edge become worn.
Lumps of oil have formed at the sealing edge.
Excessive vibration of unit and shaft prevent lip
from forming tight seal.
Sealing lip permanently contaminated with dirt
arising from inside or outside the chamber.
Seal damaged in connection with handling or
fitting.

oil seals
Design and installation
Design of shaft and housing
Shaft
Shaft surface finish is critical for the efficiency
and service life of the oil seal. It is important that
the shaft be free of helical grooves as these can
transport the medium along the shaft and cause
leakage. The problem can be prevented by rolling
or plunge grinding the shaft surface.

If the shaft is to be fitted in direction y, it must be

chamfered as indicated in the table below.

chamfer

At the sliding surface, shaft diameter [d1] must

have ISO h11 tolerance. The recommendations
below will help prevent the oil seal from being
damaged during fitting:
fitting direction z

If the shaft is to be fitted in direction z, any edges

should be rounded as follows:

fitting direction y

rmin. = 0.6 mm for oil seals without dust lip

rmin. = 1.0 mm for oil seals with dust lip

Chamfer
d1
6

d3
4.8

d1
24

d3
21.5

d1
52

d3
48.3

d1
85

d3
80.4

d1
160

d3
153.0

d1
340

d3
329.0

5.7

25

22.5

55

51.3

90

85.3

170

163.0

360

349.0

6.6

26

23.4

56

52.3

95

90.1

180

173.0

380

369.0

7.5

28

25.3

58

54.2

100

95.0

190

183.0

400

389.0

10

8.4

30

27.3

60

56.1

105

99.9

200

193.0

420

409.0

11

9.3

32

29.2

62

58.1

110

104.7

210

203.0

440

429.0

12

10.2

35

32.0

63

59.1

115

109.6

220

213.0

460

449.0

14

12.1

36

33.0

65

61.0

120

114.5

230

223.0

480

469.0

15

13.1

38

34.9

68

63.9

125

119.4

240

233.0

500

489.0

16

14.0

40

36.8

70

65.8

130

124.3

250

243.0

17

14.9

42

38.7

72

67.7

135

129.2

260

249.0

18

15.8

45

41.6

75

70.7

140

133.0

280

269.0

20

17.7

48

44.5

78

73.6

145

138.0

300

289.0

22

19.6

50

46.4

80

75.5

150

143.0

320

309.0

All values are in mm

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oil seals

High surface roughness

It is important that surface roughness is not too
high as this may cause excessive wear of the
oil seal, reducing its service life. High surface
roughness also increases the risk of leakage.
Hardness
To ensure sufficient service life, shaft hardness
should be at least 45 HRC. At speeds exceeding
4 m/s, or with impure or abrasive media, shaft
hardness should be at least 55 HRC.
Shaft run-out
To achieve optimum sealing efficiency, it is
important that shaft run-out is prevented and that
the shaft is concentrically positioned in relation to
the housing. As this is seldom possible in practice,
compliance with the recommended values is
important. Shaft run-out can be minimised by
positioning the oil seal as close to the bearing as
possible.

Dynamic eccentricity
Line of
shaft centre
rotation

Rotation
centre

Shaft

Bore
centre-line

Shaft

Shaft run-out

12

Max.
shaft run-out

Rotation
centre

0,3

0,2
Q
0,1

0,0

NBR FPM ACM

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

shaft speed (rpm)

Concentricity

0,4

0,3

0,2

0,1

0,0

25

50

75

100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275

shaft diameter d1 (mm)

Housing
Steel and cast iron provide ideal surfaces for
both rubber-coated and metal seals. For soft
alloys (e.g. aluminium), rubber-coated seals
are recommended. Metal seals cannot be
recommended for bearing housings of plastic or
nylon.
Housing bore
The housing bore should have a diameter of [d2]
with ISO H8 tolerance and a surface roughness from
Ra = 1.6 to 6.3, R2 = 10 to 20 m and Rmax=25 m.
To facilitate fitting, a 5-10 chamfer is recommended.

Concentricity

Shaft run-out

0,4
shaft run-out (mm)

Low surface roughness

When surface roughness is lower than
recommended (especially in combination with high
rotation speed) there is a serious risk that lubricant
will be unable to reach the edge of the oil seal. This
may cause premature ageing as the oil seal will be
insufficiently lubricated. The rubber may become
hard and brittle and begin to crack or fissure, and
there may be signs of burning at the sealing edge.

Shaft run-out

Concentricity (mm)

Recommended surface roughness

To achieve optimum sealing efficiency, the surface
roughness of the shaft in the sealing area must be:
Ra = 0.2 to 0.8 m, R2 = 1 to 5 m, and Rmax = 6.3 m.

Housing bore

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Fitting standard oil seals

Before fitting an oil seal, it is important to check that
it is clean and undamaged. The shaft must also be
smooth and undamaged. Damage to the oil seal or
shaft is namely the most common cause of leaks.

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oil seals
Oil seals must be fitted concentrically,
perpendicular to the shaft. It is recommended that
a fitting tool be used in order to facilitate fitting
and reduce the possibility of faults. The sealing lip
should usually face the medium to be sealed and
must be able to move freely.
Oil seals
for special applications
If the required sealing design cannot be achieved
using a standard solution, special oil seals are also
available.
Oil seals for pressure applications
Standard oil seals are primarily designed for nonpressure applications. At peripheral speeds of less
than 8 m/s, standard oil seals can, however, usually
withstand pressures of up to 0.5 bar. At pressures
greater than 0.2 bar and high peripheral speeds or
pressures greater than 0.5 bar and low peripheral
speeds, backup rings or specially designed oil
seals should be used. Although backup rings can
be used together with oil seals, we recommend the
use of our specially designed oil seals for pressure
applications.

Oil seals for pressure applications are also suitable

in situations where pressure periodically fluctuates
as the sealing lip prevents suction from the air side.
In applications where low atmospheric pressure
is part of the problem complex, the use of two oil
seals is recommended, one with its sealing lip
facing the air side.
The higher the pressure and shaft speed, the
shorter will be the service life of the oil seal.
Diagram: Oil seal type TCV. Permissible
overpressure.
pressure (bar)
10
9

Description

SCV

Reinforced sealing
lip designed for
overpressure

TCV

Reinforced sealing
lip designed for
overpressure, with
dust lip

shaft diameter (mm)

50

100

150

5
4
3
2
1
0
0

Betech Seals
designation

25

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000
rpm

Oil seals are also available to order with specially

reinforced sealing lip capable of withstanding
pressures higher than those indicated in the
diagram.
If a backup ring is used in the application, a
standard oil seal can be used. Type TCV is
recommended in such cases.

The maximum permissible pressure depends

mainly on shaft speed, temperature and lubrication.
Oils seals for pressure applications are
characterised by a short, yet flexible, sealing lip.
This particular design prevents surface pressure
from increasing, thus limiting friction between the
sealing lip and shaft.

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13

oil seals
Radial seals
Radial seals are rubber oil seals reinforced with
fabric rather than metal. Radial seals are designed
to seal ball bearings in rolling plants, paper mills,
heavy-duty gearboxes and offshore applications.
As standard, radial seals are made of NBR, but are
also available in FPM.

Fitting radial seals

Radial seals are manufactured with an overdimensioned outside diameter [O/D]. The bearing
housing must be equipped with a plate whose
purpose is to exert a controlled axial pressure on
the seal, thus ensuring that it remains precisely
positioned within the housing.

Advantages:
- Precision machining of housing not
necessary.
- Easy fitting.
- No problems with corrosion.
- Easy replacement.

Shaft
Tolerance of shaft diameter: ISO h9
Surface roughness: R2 = 4 m
Surface hardness: min. 55 HRC

Four types of radial seal are available, either split or

unsplit:
Betech Seals
designation
D5

D5S

D6

D7

Housing
Bore diameter: ISO H8
Surface roughness: R2 = 16 m

Description
Standard profile
with fabric insert
reinforcement and
grooves for ensuring
optimum lubrication
of sealing lip
when fitted back to
back

Plate

As D5 but with dust

lip.

Similar to D5 but with

grooves on entire
profile.

With ring-shaped
flange in addition to
grooves.

d: Nominal shaft diameter

D: Nominal bore diameter
H: Seal height
L: Nominal bore depth

Split radial seals must be fitted with the seam at the

top. Radial seals should not be used in applications
where the static liquid level is higher than the lowest
point of the seal.
In applications where two radial seals are fitted, the
seams should be displaced 30 to either side of the
shaft top. The bearing housing and shaft should be
chamfered in order to facilitate trouble-free fitting

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oil seals
of the seal. The length and angle of the chamfer
should comply with the following drawing and
diagram:

Split seals are used in applications where standard

unsplit seals cannot be fitted over the end of the
shaft because of flanges or bearings.
Split seals can also be used to minimise strip-down
costs.

Fitting split seals

Shaft
Tolerance of shaft diameter: ISO h9
Surface roughness: Ra = 0.5 m
Surface hardness: min. 55 HRC

Housing
Bore diameter in compliance with the following
table:

20
15
10
5
0

200
shaft chamber
length (a)

Shaft diameter
(d)

Bore
diameter (D)
Tolerance

Bore depth (L)

Tolerance

>140 mm

0.12

0.05

400

600
shaft diameter

800

1000

1200

bore chamber
length (b)

Split seals
Split seals are dynamic seals with no metal case
but with a metal spring and split design.

140 200

0.15

0.07

200 300

0.15

0.10

300 450

0.20

0.12

< 450 mm

0.20

0.15

Split seals should be fitted with the seam on top of

the shaft. They should not be used in applications
where the static liquid level is higher than the lowest
point of the seal.
Clean the housing bore and remove all swarf and
rough edges. Stretch the garter spring around the
shaft. Join the ends of the spring by screwing the
conical end into the hollow end. Position the split
seal around the shaft and then stretch the garter
spring into the groove. Compress the split seal
slightly against the shaft to allow it to be inserted
into the bearing housing. Begin easing the seal into
the housing at the seam and press it into position
all the way round. The bearing housing must be
equipped with a plate which exerts a controlled
axial pressure on the seal, thus ensuring that it
remains precisely positioned within the housing.

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15

oil seals
Storage
To prevent the material from ageing, the following
guidelines should be observed when storing oil
seals. In our experience, oil seals are best stored
in a dry, dark and dust-free place at a temperature
of between +15 C and +25 C. It is also important
to avoid storing the seals in the vicinity of ozone
sources, e.g. electric machinery and direct sunlight.
High humidity may cause some elastomers to
deteriorate and metal cases and springs to rust. Oil
seals should never be hung on nails or the like for
storage. Wherever possible, they should be stored
horizontally in their original packaging until being
fitted.
When oil seals are replaced, always follow the first
in, first out principle so as to avoid some seals
being stored for an excessive length of time.

16

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oil seals
Troubleshooting
Oil seals may leak at either of two critical points.
One is located between the outer surface of the oil
seal and the housing (static), the other between the
sealing lip and the shaft (dynamic).
The table below summarises the various causes of
leaks and our recommendations for remedying the
problem.
Fault

Cause

Remedy

Oil seal rotates with shaft.

Outside diameter of oil seal less than

diameter of housing.

Replace oil seal with one of correct size.

Oil seal moves axially with shaft.

Outside diameter of oil seal less than

diameter of housing.

Replace oil seal with one of correct size.

Excess pressure causes oil seal to move

axially.
Oil seal becomes deformed.

Inside diameter of oil seal too small.

Check size of shaft.

Damaged oil seal surface.

Incorrect tool used for fitting.

Use correct tool for fitting.

Damaged sealing lip.

Insufficient lubrication.

Lubricate sufficiently.

Design hampers lubricant transport to oil

seal.

Change design to allow sufficient

lubricant transport to oil seal.

Sealing lip partially damaged.

Oil seal not concentrically aligned in

relation to housing.

Centre oil seal using correct tool.

Sealing lip hard, cracked and worn.

Excessive temperature, speed or

pressure.

Choose correct rubber compound and

oil seal type.

Insufficient lubrication.

Lubricate sufficiently.

Sealing lip swollen.

Incorrect choice of rubber compound.

Choose correct rubber compound.

Sealing lip scratched.

Surface roughness of shaft too high.

Check surface roughness.

Incorrect tool used for fitting.

Use correct tool for fitting.

Oil seal incorrectly fitted.

Ensure correct fitting.

Excessive pressure.

Choose oil seal type suitable for high

pressure.

Excessive pressure.

Choose oil seal type suitable for high

pressure.

Sealing lip collapsed.

Flex section cracked.

Pressure exerted on flex section.

Spring lost position in groove.

Leakage*

Insufficient groove depth.

Choose alternative design or use spring

with smaller diameter.

Oil seal incorrectly fitted.

Ensure correct fitting.

Incorrect chamfer angle.

Use fitting sleeve or chamfer shaft.

Surface roughness too low/high.

Alter surface roughness to

recommended level.

Helical grooves, rust or other damage to

shaft.

Repair or replace shaft.

*Leakage problems: see also section "Leakage"

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17

oil seals
Guide for choosing the correct OIL SEAL
Date:
Customer:

Drawing

Item no.:

For reference only

Type

Annual
consumption:

Shaft

Application:

Sample

Rotating

For reference only

Size:

Material:

Standard:
DIN
RMA
JIS
Acc. to customer
specifications

Colour:

Monthly consumption:

Diameter:

Surface
roughness:

Clockwise
Anticlockwise
Bi-directional

Vehicle
engine

Agriculture

Wheel
axle
Marine

Material specification
Legislation
Special design

Additional req.:

APQP

GD (grind OD)
PD (paint colour)
ND (non GD/PD)
GR (pre-greased)
LF (low friction)
Helix lip

Actual service life:

Material:

Machine

Transmission
Other

PPAP

Expected service life:

Hardness:

Chamfer:

Normal:

Horizontal
Vertical

Shaft run-out:
rpm

Max.:

TIR
Misalignment:

rpm

Reciprocating

Stroke length:

Speed:

Cycles/min

Oscillating

Degrees of arc

Speed:

Cycles/min

Bore

Diameter

Medium

Internal:

18

M/m

Dry
Wet
Submerged

Material:

Surface roughness:

External:

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Air
Light dust
Mud
Thick dust

Depth:

Installation:

Temperature:
C / F
Min.:
Normal:
Max.:

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Pressure:
kg/cm2
psi bar
Normal:
Max.:

oil seals
Guide for choosing the correct OIL SEAL
Date:
Customer:

Drawing

Item no.:

For reference only

Type

Annual
consumption:

Shaft

Application:

Sample

Rotating

For reference only

Size:

Material:

Standard:
DIN
RMA
JIS
Acc. to customer
specifications

Colour:

Monthly consumption:

Diameter:

Surface
roughness:

Clockwise
Anticlockwise
Bi-directional

Vehicle
engine

Agriculture

Wheel
axle
Marine

Material specification
Legislation
Special design

Additional req.:

APQP

GD (grind OD)
PD (paint colour)
ND (non GD/PD)
GR (pre-greased)
LF (low friction)
Helix lip

Actual service life:

Material:

Machine

Transmission
Other

PPAP

Expected service life:

Hardness:

Chamfering:

Normal:

Horizontal
Vertical

Shaft run-out:
rpm

Max.:

TIR
Misalignment:

rpm

M/m

Reciprocating

Stroke length:

Speed:

Cycles/min:

Oscillating

Degrees of arc:

Speed:

Cycles/min:

Bore

Diameter:

Medium

Internal:

Dry
Wet
Submerged

Material:

Surface roughness:

External:

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Air
Light dust
Mud
Thick dust

Depth:

Installation:

Temperature:
C / F
Min.:
Normal:
Max.:

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Pressure:
kg/cm2
psi bar
Normal:
Max.:

19

09-2009
Betech Seals A/S
Betech Seals A/S

Vesterlundvej 4 DK-2730 Herlev Tel. +45 4485 8100

Industrivej 29 DK-6740 Bramming Tel. +45 7656 2600
info@betechseals.dk www.betechseals.dk

Fax +45 4492 7800

Fax +45 7510 1558