AP Biology

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Transport Review Worksheet

1. What kinds of molecules pass through a cell membrane most easily?
a. Large and hydrophobic
b. Small and hydrophobic
c. Large polar
d. Monosaccharides such as glucose
2. Water passes quickly through the cell membrane because
a. The bilayer is hydrophilic
b. Water movement is tied to ATP hydrolysis
c. It is a small, polar, charged molecule
d. It moves through aquaporins in the membrane
3. Carrots that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar
carrots left in a 0.20 M salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that the
cells of the carrot are
A) hypotonic to both fresh water and the salt solution.
B) hypertonic to both fresh water and the salt solution.
C) hypertonic to fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution.
D) hypotonic to fresh water but hypertonic to the salt solution.
E) isotonic with fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution.
4. Which of the following statements correctly describes the normal tonicity conditions for typical
plant and animal cells?
A) The animal cell is in a hypotonic solution, and the plant cell is in an isotonic solution.
B) The animal cell is in an isotonic solution, and the plant cell is in a hypertonic solution.
C) The animal cell is in a hypertonic solution, and the plant cell is in an isotonic solution.
D) The animal cell is in an isotonic solution, and the plant cell is in a hypotonic solution.
E) The animal cell is in a hypertonic solution, and the plant cell is in a hypotonic solution.
5. When a plant cell, such as one from a sunflower stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic
solution, what is likely to occur?
A) The cell will burst.
B) The cell membrane will lyse.
C) Plasmolysis will shrink the interior.
D) The cell will become flaccid.
E) The cell will become turgid.
6. An artificial cell containing a 30% salt solution was placed into a beaker containing a 90% salt
solution. Which statement below correctly predicts what will happen to the artificial cell?
a) The artificial cell will absorb water and increase in size.
b) The artificial cell will first absorb water, then lose water and maintain their normal size.
c) The artificial cell will lose water and decrease in size.
d) The artificial cell will first lose water, then absorb water, and finally double in size.

Osmosis Review
Below are animal cells placed in beakers of various concentrations. Fill in any missing information
and draw arrows to indicate the direction of water movement. Also label the tonicity of the cell.
Assume that the cells in the beakers below are permeable only to water.

Hypotonic

7.

Hypertonic

Hypertonic

8.

9.

For the pictures below: assume that sides A& B are separated by a membrane that is permeable only to
water. Draw arrows to indicate the movement of water. Also label side As tonicity in comparison
to side B.

55% Salt
80%
Glucose

80%
Glucose

% H2O

Isotonic

80% Glucose

% H2O

10.

25%

75%

65%

5%

Salt

Salt

Fructose

Fructose

% H2O

% H2O

% H2O

% H2O

Hypotonic

11.

12.Hypertonic

13. A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids,
distilled waterequal to the volume of blood lostis transferred directly into one of his veins. What will
be the most probable result of this transfusion?
A) It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of viruses and bacteria.
B) The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypotonic
compared to the cells.
C) The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic
compared to the cells.
D) The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypertonic
compared to the cells.
E) The patient's red blood cells will burst because the blood fluid has become hypertonic
compared to the cells.
14. A cell was poisoned by a substance that destroyed all of its mitochondria. Circle all of the cell

transport processes listed that would still be able to continue.

a. Osmosis
c. Facilitated
b. Diffusion
diffusion
d. Exocytosis

e. Pinocytosis
f. Phagocytosis

15. (Use the diagram below) As diffusion occurs, what would happen (increase/decrease) to
the concentration of substance A :
a. Inside the plant cell ________decrease_____
b. Outside the plant cell ______increase________

Cell

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AA
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A
Solution

16. (In the diagram above) When would substance A stop diffusing?
Never, it would reach equilibrium and have no net movement of water

17. What would happen to a plant cell in each of the following solutions?
a. Hypertonic: The cell would plasmolyze because the water molecules would leave the
cell
b. Hypotonic: The cell would become turgid because the water molecules would enter
the cell
c. Isotonic: The cell would become flaccid because the water molecules would have no
net movement
18. What would happen to an animal cell in each of the following solutions?
a. Hypertonic: The cell would shrink/shrivel because the water molecules would leave
the cell
b. Hypotonic: The cell would swell & lyse because the water molecules would enter the
cell
c. Isotonic: The cell would reach equilibrium because the water molecules would enter
and leave with no net movement
19. Complete the following sentences:
a. A plant deprived of water will wilt because of a loss in turgur pressure.
b. The ability of a cell membrane to permit some substances to enter the cell and keep
others out is known as semi-permeable
20. If you are stranded on the ocean, why should you NOT drink salt water (a hypertonic solution)?
Give your answer in terms of what you learned about cell transport.

21. Create a concept map using all of the following terms: Passive Transport, Active Transport, ATP
required, No ATP, facilitated diffusion, simple diffusion, aquaporins, high to low, low to high,
osmosis, isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic, turgid, flaccid, plasmolysis, channel proteins,
electrogenic pumps, carrier proteins, sodium-potassium pump, proton pump, cotransport,
endocytosis, exocytosis, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, osmoregulation,