TCP/IP Open book test.

(30 Marks) Name Joshua Hill

Complete this open book test and submit it in the networking test eFL. You may
use any resource you can access but the work must be your own no sharing or
discussing answers.

IP = Internet Protocol is for communication between computers.

TCP = Transmission Control Protocol is for communication between applications.

Answer these questions in the box provided

1. IP is can be routed. What does this mean? (2 Marks)

It means that routers use IP’s to send and received packets to there allocated
addresses

2. TCP Uses a Fixed Connection what does that mean (2 Marks)

TCP sends an arrangement request to a receiving application the two parties will
setup a fixed connection for secure data transfer.

3. Explain the following phrases in relation to TCP

a. To initiate communication TCP uses a 3 way handshake (3 Marks)

The client will attempt to connect to a server; the server must first bind with a
port. The client sends a request and then receives acknowledgment from the
server and then designates a number for the packet to be sent. The client then
sends a packet acknowledging that it is ready for the data.

b. Once established TCP uses full duplex communication (3 Marks)

The connection supports a duel data stream meaning that data can be sent in
both directions.

4. IP is referred to as a "connection-less" communication protocol explain

this. (3 Marks)

This means that no permission or arrangement to send data before data

transmission.

5. At which layer of the ISO OSI is the TCP communication established? (2

Marks)

TCP communication is established on the Transport layer.

6. TCP/IP takes more configuration than IPX/SPX of NetBEUI so why is it the

most popular protocol. (3 Marks)

TCP/IP is cross platform, do it allows you to setup any system with any OS to talk
to one-another. It is also an international standard for networking, so anything
that is connected to the internet can communicate. There are other benefits such
as; being able to add networks without interrupting other data connections and
having a good failure recovery.
 7. An IP address consist of 4 octets explain this. (3 Marks)

The first 3 quarter of an IP is a network ID the rest of the address is the Host
address. Each quarter of the IP consists of 8 bits. The first 24 bits of the IP
address is the network ID that gives the location of the network that the host is
on. The other 8 bits are the Host ID, which specifies the location of the host. The
4 octets are called octets because they are each made up of 8 bits.

8. How does the subnet mask identify IP addresses that are not on the same
network segment and need to be routed to other networks. (3 Marks)

It takes note of the first 24 bits of the IP address if it is not the same as its own
network then it is from an external network.

9. What are similarities and differences between TCP and UDP (2 Marks)

TCP and UDP are both still used on the internet. The main difference between the
two is that TCP is very “cautious” in that it makes sure every bit of data reaches
its destination. UDP however almosts halves download time by getting rid of all
of the failsafes and error correction software in the packets. This makes UDP a
good choice for video or audio because human senses won’t notice the odd
missing packet (less than 1/10 of a second).

10.Describe the following diagram (4 Marks)

The message is split up at the start for easier transport and is reassembled at
the end.