Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Streptococcus
Genus
Streptococcus
mutans group
Streptococcus
mitis group
Streptococcus
pyogenes
(Group A strep)
Lab Diagnosis
1.0m in diameter
Cocci forming chains
Gram +ve
Catalase -ve
-haemolytic: Mutans, Mitis,
Salivarius, pneumoniae
-haemolytic : Pyogens (A),
agalctiae (B), enterococci (D),
anginosus (F)
Faculative anaerobe
Soluble and insoluble EPS +
IPS
Acidogenic and acidoduric
Cell wall antigens: cell wall
carbs, cell wall proteins,
lipoteichoic acid, lipoprotein
-haemolytic
Group A Lancefield antigens
Bacitracin sensitive
Diseases
Virulence Factors
Enamel caries
Root surface caries
Endocarditis
Septicaemia
Streptococcal sore
throat
Impetigo
Erysipelis
Scarlet fever
Complications:
rheumatic fever,
glomerulonephritis,
erythema nodosum,
streptococcal shock
Treatment
DNAse
Streptococcus
agalactiae
(Group B strep)
Streptococcus
pneumoniae
-haemolytic
Group B Lancefield antigens
Septicaemia
Bab
Purulent meningitis
y
Diploid cocci
-haemolytic
Optochin sensitive
Pneumonia
Complications:
bacteraemia,
meningitis
Enterococcace
ae
(Group D)
Staphylococcus
genus
Staphylococcus
aureus
3 Strains:
1.
Hospital
acquired
2.
Disease
causing
outside
hospital
Facultative anaerobes
haemolytic
Group D Lancefield antigens
0.5 to 1.0m in diameter
Faculative anaerobes
Cocci forming grape-like
clusters
Gram +ve
Catalase +ve
Coagulase +ve: aureus
Coagulase ve: epidermidis,
haemolyticus
Coagulase +ve (both EC and
membrane bound)
-haemolytic
Colonies have yellow pigment
DNAse +ve
Glucose fermentation +ve
Mannitol fermentation +ve
Antiphagocytic capsule
IgA1 protease
Autolysin: stimulates
release of inflammatory
mediators
Pneumolysin: inhibits
neutrophils + phagocytes,
immunoglobulin synth.
Vancomycin
resistant
Penicillin,
cephalosporin,
tertracyclin,
aminoglycoside
s, vancomycin
3.
Animal
origin
infection
Neisseria
gonorrhoeae
Treponema
pallidum
Spirochaetes
Gram ve
Visible using dark ground
microscopy
Rapid Plasma Reagin (infected
patients)
Gram ve
Intracellular obligate parasite
Immunofluorescent staining
(infected patient)
Gram ve rod
Facultative anaerobe
Lactose ferementer
O, H or K antigens
Gram ve rod
Non-lactose ferementer, rod
shaped
O or H antigen
Chlamydia
trachomatis
Enterobacteria
ceae
escherichia
Enterobacteria
ceae
salmonella
Gonorrhea
(epididymitis, salpigitis)
Disseminated
gonorrhoea
Congenital gonorrhea
Syphilis
Congenital syphilis
Penicillin
Tetracyclin
Condoms
Penicillin
Tetracyclin
Erythromycin
Chlamydia
Fimbriae
Tetracyclin
Enteropathogenic E.
Coli
Eterotocigenic E.coli
Enteroinvasive E.coli
Typhoid
Fimbriae
Pili
Enterotoxin
Enterobacteria
ceae
shigella
Enterobacteria
ceae klebisella
Gram ve rod
Non lactose ferementer
Bacillary dysentry
Gram-ve rod
Lactose ferementer
K anigen
Enterobacteria
ceae
proteus
Gram ve rod
Non-lactose ferementer
Motile swarming and fishy
smell
Gram ve
Motile with flagella
Gram ve
Motile with unipolar flagella
Vibrio cholerae
Pseudomonas
genus
Campylobacter
genus
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
Haemophilus
influenzae
Corynbacteriu
m diptheriae
Gram ve
Motile with bipolar flagella
Mycolic acid in cell wall
Aerobic
Zehl-Neelsen test: acid-fast
Lowstein-Jensen agar: slow
growing, rough, buff and tough
colonies
Tuberculin test on patient
Gram ve rods
Facultative anaerobe
Catalase +ve
Oxidase +ve
Gram +ve rods
Faculative anerobe
K antigen resistant to
immune system
Resistant to many
antibiotics
Cholera
Enterotoxin
Hospital infections
Eye and wound
infections
Infective diarrhoea
Tuberculosis
Progressive
fibrocavitary
tuberculosis
Milleri Tuberculosis
Antipahogocytic capsule
Influenza
Fimbriae
B antigen cell wall
Antiphagocytic
IgA1 protease
Diptheria toxin
Cephalosporin
Diptheria
BCG vaccine
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Ethambutol
DTP vaccine
Penicillin
Tetracycline
Leigonella
genus
Bordetella
pertusis
Candida
albican
Actinomyces
genus
Clostridium
genus
Clostridium
tetani
Clostridium
botulinum
Clostridium
septicum
Clostridium
perfringens
Clostridium
difficle
Herpes simplex
1/2 virus
erythromycin
Gram ve rods
Legionnaires
Whooping couch
Fimbriae
Pertusis toxin
DTP vaccine
Acute membranous
candid.
Acute atrophic
candidosis
Chronic atrophic
candidosis
Chronic hyperplastic
candid.
Actinomycosis
Nystatin
Azoles
Amphotericin
B
Chlorhexidine
Amoxicillin
Surgery
Tetanus
Tetanospasmin
Tetanolysin
Neurotoxin A,B, E
DTP vaccine
Gram ve rods
Aerobic
Grow on Bordet-gengou agar
Gram +ve
Forms hyphae germ tube test
Forms chlomydaspore
Gram +ve
Forms hyphae in germ tube
test
Gram +ve rods
Obligate anaerobes
Spore forming (endospores)
Botulism
Gas-gangrene
(myonecrosis)
Clostridial food
poisoning
Pseudomembranous
colitis
Herpetic
Herpesviridae family
Control of
processed
foods
Amputation
Neurotoxin (lecithinase)
Acyclovir
DNA genome
No need
Acute hepatitis
Jaundice
Acute/chronic hepatitis
Jaundice, cirrhosis,
carcinoma
High chance of chronic
hep
Jaundice, cirrhosis,
carcinoma
Human
normal
immunoglobul
in
Formalin
inactivated
vacc.
Interferon
Lamivudine
Entecavir
Merck
Vertex
Varicella-Zoster
V
Epstein-Bar
Virus
Same as above
Cytomegalovir
us
Herpesviridae
6/7
Same as above
Herpesviridae
8
Hepatitis A
Same as above
Picornavirus
Single stranded RNA genome
Hepatitis B
Hepadnavirus
Double stranded DNA genome
Hepatitis C
Flavivirus
Single stranded RNA genome
Hepatitis D
Subviral satellite
Single strand RNA genome
Calicivirus
Hepatitis E
Same as above
gingivostomatitis
Genital herpes
Chicken pox
Shingles
Burkitts lymphoma
Monoculeosis
(glandular)
Latent infx. of Tlymphocytes and
fibroblasts
Roseola infantum (HHV6B)
Latent infx. CD4+ cells
Kaposis sarcoma
Amantidine
Rifampicin
Acyclovir
Non
Same as hep
B