Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
ALONSO GAMERO
DEPARTAMENTO DE FORMACIN GENERAL
PNF INFORMTICA
COORDINACIN DE IDIOMAS
IDIOMAS II TRIMESTRE I 30 %
Lcdo. Jesler Garca
II - 2015
UNIDAD II
COMPRENDER Y EXTRAER INFORMACIN
ESPECFICA DE TEXTOS EXPOSITIVOS
GENERAL
ESTRATEGIAS DE LECTURA.
PARA
LA
BSQUEDA
DE
INFORMACIN
Caractersticas.
Example Practice 1
Scan the text in the box below and write the answer to this question: When was
the first social media site created?
________________________
The first recognizable social media site, Six Degrees, was created in 1997. It
enabled users to upload a profile and make friends with other users. In 1999, the
first blogging sites became popular, creating a social media sensation thats still
popular today.
Example Practice 2
Scan the text in the box below and write the answer to this question: What is the
name
of
the
Microsoft
Internet
browser?
___________________________________________
The Microsoft company is the worlds largest producer of computer software. In
addition to its highly successful Microsoft Word software package, the company
markets its own Internet browser called Microsoft Explorer. The company has
recently faced legal action from competitors who claim that Microsoft has an
unfair monopoly. The chairman of Microsoft, Bill Gates, may have to divide the
software and Internet browser parts of his company
2. PREDICTING.
Cuando usamos la tcnica de prediccin ya se est buscando o pensando
sobre lo que se va a leer antes de comenzar. Podemos predecir el contenido de
un texto simplemente observando el ttulo o cualquier imagen o grfico. Estas
predicciones se basan en las estrategias de muestreo, las experiencias y los
conocimientos previos del lector.
Example Practice 3
Read the newspaper headlines in the box below and answer the questions.
Permision For New Airport Not Given
SHARE PRICES JUMP
300 Workers Face Job Cuts
1. Will the new airport be built? YES / NO
2. The
price
of
shares
increased,
decreased
or
stayed
the
same?
________________
3. The workers will probably lose their jobs. YES / NO
Caractersticas.
Example Practice 4
Skim the newspaper article in the box below and answer the questions which
follow.
Predict what do you think the text will be about? (the topic)
__________
Big Macs in Russia
McDonalds hamburgers came to Russia not long ago. McDonalds is a worldfamous company xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx. Started in California
xxxxxxxxxxxx
in
Paris,
Tokyo
and
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, but not in Russia.
Then the Russian government changed xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx open some
McDonalds restaurants xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx near Red Square
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
Big
Mac,
xxxxxxxxxxxxx
a
popular
sandwich
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Some
Russians
are
not
happy
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx eat only hamburgers and forget about traditional
Russian food.
1. McDonalds is a
a) kind of Russian food.
b) Russian company.
c) restaurant company.
2. There were no McDonalds restaurants in Russia before because
a) Russians do not like hamburgers.
b) the Russian government did not want them.
c) there were McDonalds restaurants in other countries.
3. The Big Mac is a
a) kind of Russian food.
b) restaurant.
c) kind of sandwich.
REFERENTES
Los referentes contribuyen a evitar la repeticin innecesaria de palabras,
frases e incluso ideas mediante la sustitucin, logrando de este modo aligerar
el estilo narrativo del texto, sin necesidad de sacrificar el mensaje o el
contenido.
Dependiendo de la posicin de la idea que est siendo sustituida, los
referentes se clasifican en:
Ejemplo de referentes:
down
into
several
sub-discipline.
These
disciplines
concern
CONECTORES LGICOS
CONECTOR
SIGNIFICADO
During
Durante
Before
Antes
After
Despus
At the time of
Al momento de
As soon as
*Then
Entonces
Once
*While
Mientras
*Since
Desde
*As
A medida que
Sometimes
A veces
Generally
Generalmente
As a rule
Nowadays
Actualmente
At present
Hoy en da
Comparacin /
*As
Como
similitud
Like
Como
De esta manera
INTRODUCIDA
( FUNCIN)
Tiempo
*While
Equally
Similarly
*As well as
Propsito
Conclusin, Resultado
o Consecuencia.
Orden
Asimismo
As como ( Tambin)
Para, con el objeto de
Para ( que)
So as
So
Hence
De all que
As a result
Como consecuencia
Therefore
Por lo tanto
*Then
As que
In short
En pocas palabras
In sum
To begin with
En sntesis
Primero que todo
Next
Luego
*Then
Luego
At first
Al principio
At last
Al final
Y
Also
Even
Furthermore
Besides
Moreover
Not onlybut
*As well as
Both and
Causa
Igualmente
So that
And
Adicin
Mientras
Adems, tambin
Aun, inclusive
Adems
Adems, adems de
Adems
No solosino
As como
Tantocomo
Because
Porque
For
Because of
que
Owing to
Debido a
Due to
*Since
Thanks to
*As
If
Condicin
Alternativa
Contraste
Debido a
Debido a
Ya que
Gracias a
Puesto que, ya que
Si
Provided ( that)
Unless
A menos que
Whether
Si
As long as
Eitheror
Siempre y cuando
Oo
Neither nor
Nini
Or
Instead of
En vez de
As an alternative
Como alternativa
Rather
Ms bien
Aunque
Although
Aunque
Though
Aun cuando
A pesar de
In spite of
A pesar de
Despite
No obstante
Nevertheless
Sin embargo
However
Sin embargo
Yet
Pero
But
Mientras que
Whereas
Mientras
*While
Explicacin /
Thus
Parfrasis
In other words
As
En otras palabras
O sea
For example
Por ejemplo
For instance
Por ejemplo
Such as
In accordance with
Concordancia /
According to
Segn
acuerdo
Concerning
Con respecto a
As to
In fact
Con respecto a
Actually
De hecho
As a matter of fact
Realmente
Ilustracin
nfasis
En realidad, de hecho,
de verdad
EXERCISE.
1 Indica la funcin que representa los conectores en negritas.
a Leaders know what they value. They also recognize the importance of
ethical behavior. The best leaders exhibit both their values and their ethics
in their leadership style and actions. Your leadership ethics and values
should be visible because you live them in your actions every single day.
Funcin
de
los
conectores;
A)____________________
B)_________________________________
b A leader must be able to communicate his or her vision in terms that
cause followers to buy into it. He or she must communicate clearly and
passionately, as passion is contagious. A good leader must have the
discipline to work toward his or her vision single-mindedly; as well as to
direct his or her actions and those of the team toward the goal. Action is
the mark of the leader. A leader does not suffer analysis paralysis but is
always doing something in pursuit of the vision, inspiring others to do the
same.
Funcin
de
los
conectores;
A)____________________
B)_________________________________
SINNIMOS Y ANTNIMOS
Cuando decimos que dos palabras son sinnimas nos estamos refiriendo a
que entre ellas existe una relacin de igualdad de significado, es decir, que
ambas pueden ser empleadas para expresar una misma cosa. Por ejemplo,
mujer y esposa se emplean en muchas ocasiones para decir lo mismo, al igual
que contento y felz.
Los sinnimos se pueden utilizar indistintamente en cualquier tipo de
contexto. Leta-mortfero, ileso-indemne, cohecho-soborno, fatiga-cansancio, son
Synonym
Gramatical
Meaning
Ancient
Do
Old
Perform
Category
Adjective
Verb
Antiguo / viejo
Hacer / actuar
Pretty
Good-looking
Adjective
Noun
Noun
(o)
Casa / domicilio
Ley / constitucin
House
Law
Domicile
Constitution
Anthonym
Gramatical
Meaning
Live
Happy
Die
Sad
Category
Verb
Adjective
Vivir / morir
Felz / triste
Light
Single
Peace
Darkness
Married
War
Noun
Adjective
Noun
Luz / oscuridad
Soltero / casado
Paz / guerra
Referencias.
-
The only grammar book youll ever need. Susan Thurman. Editorial Adam
media. 2003. Usa