1. Give 4 reason why we cement casing.

o Fills and seals the annulus between the casing string

o Zone isolation and segregation
o Corrosion control,
o Formation stability and pipe strength improvement
2. Give formula of ECD.

3. Formula of eqalente mud weight.

4. Formula for increase mud weight with Barite

5. What is the range of high, Medium and low CEC value.

6. Name the five most common types of Clays that we encounter while drilling.
a) Montmorillonite. b) Elite
. c) Kaolinite
. d) Attapulgite
.
7. Name of the most reactive clay and his CEC value?

8. What are the parameter differentiate Stuck Pipe. If co man says he had pack
off which parameter you will look first to confirm type of stuck.

9. We had hard backreaming on ERD well during trip. RIH is smooth, next trip
again have same problem in new hole, old hole is fine. Co-man says he has
packoff. What is the problem and how you will explain this to co man.
Answer: this is directional tool issue specially axeed drill hole like spiral that
why very hard backream but once backream is done in and out is OK.
10.Driller says Bit is balled up. Which parameter you will see to confirm if bit is
balled up. What are the remedies of Bit balling?
Low ROP, High Pump Pressure, Low or none torque, formation type
Remedies
Bits can be cleared is balling is detected early enough and actions taken.
Reduce WOB on ROP drop, pick bit up off bottom as quickly as possible.
Increase flow rate if possible.
Spin bit off bottom with high RPM and high flow for 5 minutes or fan bit off
bottom 1 ft off bottom, pump hard and rotate bit for 5 mins.
Prepare to pump pills.
If Successfully cleared bit. Return to drilling with very low weight.
Prepare to trip if these actions are not successful and chose more optimum,
bit,
hydraulics nozzling arrangement.
11.What are mean challenges in ERD well for mud engineer?
Hole clean is very default and long ERD keep low ECD. Hole stability, Very
high torque
12. Name 4 type of corrosion on drill pipe.
General
Pitting
Crevice
Stress
Sulphide Stress Cracking

Galvanic
Concentration Cell
Erosion Corrosion
Corrosion Fatigue
Sulfide stress (H2S),
13.How corrosion happen and What is the treatment for corrosion?
Corrosion requires four components
Anode (Stress concentration, cracks, scratches)
Cathode (Surface impurities, pipe exposed to oxygen)
Electrolyte (Fluid)
External Connection (Pipe wall)
Liquid Conducitivity
Acid Gases
Temperature
Pressure
Solids
Salts
Bacteria

Treatment :
Change the environment
Neutralise or scavenge the contaminant
Form a protective film on the pipe
Change the metallurgy to a more corrosion-resistant alloy

14.How cement is bad for mud. What are the remedies?

Contamination of water-based drilling fluids with cement can produce severe
adverse effects, most noticeably a large increase in pH. Calcium
concentration may also increase, especially if the cement is green i.e., has
not fully set, or if calcium chloride has been added as an accelerator.
For water-based muds, treatment of cement contamination should focus on
reducing the pH, usually with sodium bicarbonate or citric acid.
Cement contamination of oil-based muds is not normally a problem unless
the contamination is extensive, in which case the treatment is as for waterwet solids

15.What will happen at high and low stress area?

16.What is the deference between sag and Settling? No sure about Answer
17. Which equipment is use in XCD/ Biopolymer QA/QC TEST?
VG meter or Visco meter
18.What is RDIF and none damaging and how?
RDIF is Reservoir Drill In fluids, non damaging fluids does not contain any
chemicals which damage reservoir.

19.What is high progressive gel strengths? How it is good or bad.

Gel strength increases significantly after 10 minute, even if 10 seconds gel is
low.

1- increasing pressure in break circulation to break down gel( may break down
formation and causes mud losses )
2- Increasing applied pressure to the formation while running in hole.
(Might break down formation, causes mud losses)
3- Swabbing while pull out of hole.
4- Poor cement jobs( as gel are hard to break, so that causes channeling of
cement)
20.Why water is commonly added to OBM?
For Viscosity, reduce cost.
21.Does osmotic flow go from solution s with a greater activity to a lesser
activity, or the other way around?
Greater activity to a lesser activity
22.OBM your emulsion is good, enough Wetting agent, you see gummy cutting
on shaker what is the reason? How to cure this?
Brine activity (salinity) less then formation which cause formation water
move to cutting.
23.Can shale be reservoir please Yes or No. If yes how can we produce from
shale?
Yes by fracking it can produce
24.Please write long. A) API B) OCMA C) OPEC D) IADC
API: American Petroleum Institute
OCMA: Oil Companies Materials Association
OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
IADC: International Association of Drilling Contractors

25.Why we drill pilot hole?