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2
STATUS OF ORGANIC FARMING IN INDIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
TAMIL NADU
What is available is not safe for consumption.
By 2020 underground water will be full of fluorides
Pollutants in the food chain -- due to toxins in agrochemicals
1 molecule of chlorine affects 100,000 molecules of ozone (Shivashankar, 2001)
In tropics OC of 2.5-3.0 % or SOM of 5-6 % would possibly lead to sustainable crop
production (Hunsigi, 1997)
Possible to increase crop yield by 12 % for every 1 % organic matter
Export: Certified Organic Products and Volume- India
Year
2001
2006
2011
2016
2021
Populatio
n (m)
1006
1086
1164
1244
1324
Requirement ( m.t)
Food
Plant
nutrients
230
248
266
284
302
32
37
40
43
46
Number of projects
Products exported
Total exports (2002-03)
Approximate value
Total agriculture exports
Organic exports
: 25 lakh ha
: 218
: approx
11000
: 18 items
: 63452 m t
: Rs. 89.42 cr
: Rs.27720cr
: 0.32 %
MARKET
Current market
: 23-25 B us$
Annual growth
: 15 - 20%
U.s. A
: 11-13 b us$
Japan
: 350-450 m us$
Projected
potential
of
nutrients
from
organics
28
(m.t.)
30
32
34
36
Europe
: 10 -11 B US$
POTENTIAL PRODUCTS
Rice
Cereal products
Pulses
Honey
Canesugar
Jaggery
Peanuts
ADVANTAGE INDIA
Progressive farmers .
Availability of manpower.
Govt. Initiatives.
Year
P2O5
K2O
Total
Lakh tonnes
1970's
2.70
0.67
0.69
3.56
47.50
1980's
5.54
1.15
1.44
6.36
94.80
1990's
4.47
1.65
2.15
8.27
122.75
2000
5.65
2.26
2.74
10.65
164.9
India
116.21
48.04
17.04
181.29
95.6
In Tamil Nadu
80 NGOs
10 Districts LEISA
3000 Farmers following organic farming
Year
India
Quantity (tons)
1960-1961
7,340
1970-1971
23,160
1980-1981
51,920
1990-1991
71,190
1995-1996
90,000
1997-1998
72,000
1999-2000
Tamil Nadu
1999-2000
Uttar pradesh
1999-2000
7500
Punjab
1999-2000
6975
Haryana
1999-2000
5025
Andhrapradesh
1999-2000
4050
Gujarat
1999-2000
3650
Maharashtra
1999-2000
3600
West Bengal
1999-2000
3370
Karnataka
1999-2000
2500
Kerala
1999-2000
1060
Low persistence
(Half life < 30 days)
Moderate persistence
(30-100 days)
High persistence
(>100 days)
Aldicarb
Aldrin
Bromacil
Captan
Atrazine
Chlordane
Dalapan
Carbaryl
Lindane
Dicamba
Diazinon
Paraquat
Malathion
Linuron
Picloran
Oxamyl
Fonotos
Trifluralin
2,4-D
Glyphosate
2,4,S-T
Paration
Crops
Nutrient management
Vermicomposts
Composted crop residues
Animal manures
Green manures, green leaf manure
Spraying of "Panchakavya"
Mixing of "Panchakavya" with irrigation
Application of tank silt
In situ incorporation of crop residues
Biofertilizers
Oil cakes and neem cake
Moisture
conservation
Seed treatment
Pest control
Spray "Panchakavya"
Plant extracts with cow urine (Neem, Vitex, Clerodendron and Calotropis)
Pest repellent crops
Butter milk
Herbal smoke
Neem cake
Weed control
Mulching
Ducks in paddy fields
Navadhanya intercropping
Sl.No.
Available quantity
(Lakh tonnes)
Organics
Farmyard manure
174.00
Poultry manure
14.740
Pig manure
9.600
Town waste
9.328
Compost
3.974
Pressmud
6.830
Coirwaste
3.261
Vermicompost
Requirements
(lakh tones)
595.00
0.030
Total
221.763
595.00
Crop
Residue yield
(lakh tonnes)
P2O5
K2 O
Rice
90.92
0.53
0.21
1.51
Sorghum
8.50
0.05
0.02
0.16
Pearl millet
5.08
0.03
0.01
0.11
Maize
1.61
0.01
0.01
0.03
Minor millets
1.86
0.01
0.01
0.04
Total pulses
4.10
0.07
0.01
0.08
Green
manures
1.11
0.89
0.19
0.94
1.59
0.46
2.87
Total
Waste
Quantity
(lakh tonnes)
P2O5
K2 O
Pressmud
3.00
0.04
0.05
0.02
30.0
0.06
0.02
0.33
Raw coirpith
2.80
0.007
0.001
0.022
Sewage sludge
2.60
0.09
0.04
0.07
0.20
0.11
0.44
Total
Murugappan, 2001