Alliance Standard V1 1

AllianceFireSafetyandStructuralIntegrityStandard
Version1.1
August12,2014
PROPRIETARYTOTHEALLIANCEFORBANGLADESHWORKERSAFETY
AllianceFireandBuildingSafetyStandards
AllianceFireSafetyandStructuralIntegrityStandard:
ASharedStandardtoImproveFireSafetyandStructuralIntegrityinBangladeshiGarmentFactories
Overview
ThecorepurposeoftheAllianceforBangladeshWorkerSafetyisimprovingthesafetyofworkersinBangladeshs
readymadegarmentsector(RMG).Crucialtoachievingthisaimisimprovingthefiresafetyandstructuralintegrity
ofRMGfactoriesinthecountry.ThefinalAllianceFireSafetyandStructuralIntegrityStandardwillhelpguide
thoseimprovementsand,pairedwithotherprogrammaticaspectsbeingimplementedbytheAlliance,will
contributetoasaferandmoreequitablegarmentsectorforBangladeshiworkers.
DevelopmentoftheStandard
TheStandardwasdevelopedcollaborativelybyagroupoftechnicalexpertsfromtheAllianceforBangladesh
WorkerSafetyandtheBangladeshAccordonFireandBuildingSafety.Tohelpensureconsistencyinthe
countrywideevaluationofRMGfactories,thetechnicalrequirementsoftheAllianceStandardhavebeen
harmonizedwiththerequirementsofthefactoryassessmentguidelinesdevelopedbyBangladeshUniversityof
EngineeringandTechnology(BUET)fortheNTPA.Throughoutthisprocess,inputwasincorporatedfromfactory
ownersintheBangladeshRMGindustry,professorsfromBUET,andothertechnicalexperts.Inordertofacilitate
dialogueonrealizingthiscommonsetofstandards,theInternationalLaborOrganization(ILO)alsoplayedavital
role.
InalignmentwiththeNTPA,theStandardisfoundedontherequirementsofthe2006BangladeshNational
BuildingCode(BNBC),withaminimalnumberofstrongerrequirementsdeemednecessaryandpractical.For
example,insomeareastheStandarddrawsonNFPA101,theInternationalBuildingCode,andtheirreference
documentsforcriteria.
Implementation
ImplementationoftheStandardwillbesupportedbyfactoryandworkertrainingandinput,rigorousassessments
byqualifiedassessors,andacorrectiveactionmanagementprocessthatincludestransparentandpublic
disseminationofimprovementindicators.Beyondtrackingandreportingonactionstepstaken,theAlliance
organizationanditsmemberswillseektofurthersupportfactoryimprovementsthroughtechnicalassistance,
implementationoffunctionalWorkerHealthandSafetyCommittees,andinsomecasesfinancialassistanceand
wagesupportforworkersiffactoriesareclosedforremediation.
Likealltechnicalstandards,practicalexperiencewiththeStandardwillspurtheneedformodificationsovertime.
Thestandardsshouldbeperiodicallyreviewedbyqualifiedtechnicalexpertsandmodifiedasnecessaryona
periodicbasis.However,tomaintaintheclarityofacommonstandard,carewillbetakentocoordinateany
modificationinpartnershipandsupportoftheNTPAandotherstakeholderinitiatives.
AnyfeedbackontheStandardshouldbeprovidedtostandards@afbws.org
Pageii
AllianceFireandBuildingSafetyStandards
TABLEOFCONTENTS
Part1ScopeandDefinitions.................................................................................................................................1
Part2AdministrationandEnforcement...............................................................................................................5
Part3GeneralBuildingRequirements..................................................................................................................6
Part4FireProtectionConstruction....................................................................................................................11
Part5FireProtectionSystems............................................................................................................................16
Part6MeansofEgress.......................................................................................................................................21
Part7BuildingMaterials.....................................................................................................................................31
Part8StructuralDesign......................................................................................................................................33
Part9ConstructionPracticesandSafety............................................................................................................47
10 Part10BuildingServices(MEP)..........................................................................................................................51
11 Part11Alterations/ChangeofUse.....................................................................................................................73
12 Part12ExistingBuildings....................................................................................................................................75
13 Part13HumanElementPrograms.....................................................................................................................76
NOTICE:Revisedsectionsareindicatedbyaverticalrulebesidetheparagraph,table,orfigureinwhichthechange
occurred.Theseruleareprovidedasanaidtotheuserinidentifyingchangesfromthepreviousedition.Whereone
ormorecompleteparagraphshavebeendeleted,thedeletionisindicatedbyabullet()betweentheparagraphs
thatremain.
Pageiii
Part1ScopeandDefinitions
1.1
Scope.
1.1.1
Title.TheFireSafetyandStructuralIntegrityStandarddevelopedbytheAllianceforBangladeshWorker
Safety(Alliance)shallbereferredtohereinastheStandardorthisStandard.
1.1.2
DangertoLifefromFire.ThisStandardaddressesthosebuildingfeaturesneededtominimizedangerto
lifefromtheeffectsoffireincludingsmoke,heat,andtoxicgasescreatedduringafire.
1.1.3
DangertoLifefromStructuralCollapse.ThisStandardaddressesandestablishesminimumcriteriafor
theevaluationandprotectionfromdangertolifefrombuildingcollapse.
1.2
Application.
1.2.1.1 ThisStandardshallapplytotheconstruction,addition,alteration,movement,enlargement,replacement,
repair,installationofmajorequipment,useandoccupancy,maintenance,removal,anddemolitionofall
buildingsandstructuresusedforReadyMadeGarmentfactories.ThisStandardshallalsoapplyto
subcontractorsbuildingsandstructuresproducingReadyMadeGarmentsforAlliancemembersin
Bangladesh.AllotherrequirementsfromBNBCPart2Section1.4shallapply.
1.2.1.2 ThisStandardshallapplytobothnewconstructionandexistingbuildingsandstructuresasspecifically
outlinedinthisStandard.
1.3
Purpose.ThepurposeofthisStandardisestablishacommonsetofminimumrequirementsthatprovide
auniformandeffectivemethodforassessingfireandbuildingstructuralsafetyinnewandexistingReady
MadeGarmentfactoriesutilizedbyAllianceaffiliatedvendors.
1.4
Disclaimer.ThetechnicalrequirementsofthisStandardareintendedforusebyprofessionalstructural
engineers,fireprotectionspecialists,andelectricalengineerswhoarecompetenttoevaluatethe
significanceandlimitationofitscontentandwhowillaccepttheresponsibilityfortheapplicationofthe
materialitcontains.ThedevelopersofthisStandardandtheAllianceforBangladeshWorkerSafety
disclaimanyresponsibilityforthestatedprincipalsandrequirementsandshallnotbeliableforanylossor
damagearisingfromtheirapplication.
1.5
Definitions.AlldefinitionsasstatedinBNBCapplytothisStandard,exceptasspecificallysupplemented
orchangedherein.AdditionaldefinitionsareprovidedwithineachpartofthisStandard.
1.5.1
AllianceaffiliatedVendor.Areadymadegarmentvendororsubcontractorwhoisproducinggarments
orproductsforanAlliancemember.
1.6
References.
1.6.1
General.ThedocumentslistedinthissectionarereferencedinthisStandardandtheportionsthereofare
consideredpartoftherequirementsofthisStandardtotheextentofeachsuchreference.
1.6.2
BangladeshNationalBuildingCode(BNBC).The2006BNBCwasenactedintoBangladeshLawon
November16,2006.
1.6.3
BangladeshLawsandRules.
1.6.3.1 ElectricityAct,1910.
1.6.3.2 ElectricityRules,1937.
1.6.3.3 BoilerAct,1923,Section2(b)and6
1.6.3.4 PetroleumAct,1934
1.6.3.5 BuildingConstructionAct,1952
1.6.3.6 FireServiceRules1961
1.6.3.7 FactoriesRules,1979,Sections3(1),4,41,43,51,and52
1.6.3.8 StatutoryRegulatoryOrders(S.R.O)109,Act1999,publishedon25thMay
1.6.3.9 FireResistandExtinguishAct2003
1.6.3.10 BangladeshLabourAct,2006asamendedbyBangladeshLabour(Amendment)Act,2013.
1.6.3.11 DhakaMahanagarImaratNirmanBidhimala2008
1.6.3.12 ChittagongImaratNiremanBidhimala2008
1.6.3.13 Circular_BuildingPermiton19August2010,MinistryofHousing&PublicWorks/Pari1/OccupantRMG
42/2007/256,circularnoMinistryofHousing&Publicworks/Pari1/OccupantRMG42/2007/302dated
on25November2008
1.6.3.14 Circular_RemovaloftemporarytinshadefromRooftopofRMGFactoryBuildings.REF:BGMEALetter#
BGA/Safety/18000/2011/28180,Dated:28thDecember,2011
1.6.3.15 Circularon19Apr2013_RAJUK_BuildingPermitinsideDetailedAreaPlan(DAP)
1.6.4
ICCpublications.InternationalCodeCouncil,5203LeesburgPike,Suite600,FallsChurch,VA22041USA.
1.6.4.1 IBC,InternationalBuildingCode,2012.
1.6.4.2 IFC,InternationalFireCode,2012.
1.6.4.3 IEBC,InternationalExistingBuildingCode,2012.
1.6.5
NFPApublications.NationalFireProtectionAssociation,1BatterymarchPark,Quincy,MA021697471
USA.
1.6.5.1 NFPA10,StandardforPortableFireExtinguishers,2013.
1.6.5.2 NFPA13,StandardfortheInstallationofSprinklerSystems,2013.
1.6.5.3 NFPA14,StandardfortheInstallationofStandpipeandHoseSystems,2013.
1.6.5.4 NFPA20,StandardfortheInstallationofStationaryPumpsforFireProtection,2013.
1.6.5.5 NFPA22,WaterTanksforPrivateFireProtection,2013.
1.6.5.6 NFPA25,StandardfortheInspection,Testing,andMaintenanceofWaterBasedFireProtectionSystems,
2011.
1.6.5.7 NFPA30,FlammableandCombustibleLiquidsCode,2012.
1.6.5.8 NFPA30B,CodefortheManufactureandStorageofAerosolProducts,2011.
1.6.5.9 NFPA37,StandardfortheInstallationandUseofStationaryCombustionEnginesandGasTurbines,2010.
1.6.5.10 NFPA51B,StandardforFirePreventionDuringWelding,Cutting,andOtherHotWork,2014.
1.6.5.11 NFPA70,NationalElectricalCode,2011
1.6.5.12 NFPA72,NationalFireAlarmandSignalingCode,2013.
1.6.5.13 NFPA80,StandardforFireDoorsandOtherOpeningProtectives,2013.
1.6.5.14 NFPA90A,StandardfortheInstallationofAirConditioningandVentilatingSystems,2012.
1.6.5.15 NFPA92,StandardforSmokeControlSystems,2012.
1.6.5.16 NFPA101,LifeSafetyCode,2012.
1.6.5.17 NFPA110,StandardforEmergencyandStandbyPowerSystems,2013.
1.6.5.18 NFPA111,StandardonStoredElectricalEnergyEmergencyandStandbyPowerSystems,2013.
1.6.5.19 NFPA241,StandardforSafeguardingConstruction,Alteration,andDemolitionOperations,2013.
1.6.5.20 NFPA252,StandardMethodsofFireTestsofDoorAssemblies,2012.
1.6.5.21 NFPA257,StandardonFireTestforWindowandGlassBlockAssemblies,2012.
1.6.6
ACIpublications.AmericanConcreteInstitute,38800CountryClubDrive,FarmingtonHills,MI48331
USA.
1.6.6.1 ACI228.1R,InPlaceMethodstoEstimateConcreteStrength,2003.
1.6.6.2 ACI318,BuildingCodeRequirementsforStructuralConcreteandCommentary,2011.
1.6.7
AISCPublications.AmericanInstituteofSteelConstruction,OneEastWackerDriveSuite700,Chicago,IL
60601USA.
1.6.7.1 AISCCodeofStandardPractice.
1.6.8
ASCEPublications.AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers,1801AlexanderBellDrive,Reston,VA20191USA.
1.6.8.1 ASCE7.MinimumDesignLoadsforBuildingsandOtherStructures,2010.
1.6.9
ASMEPublications.AmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers,TwoParkAvenue,NewYork,NY10016
USA.
1.6.9.1 ASMEA17.1SafetyCodeforElevatorsandEscalators,2010.
1.6.10
ASTMPublications.ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,P.O.BoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA
19428USA.
1.6.10.1 ASTMA370,StandardTestMethodsandDefinitionsforMechanicalTestingofSteelProducts,2012.
1.6.10.2 ASTMC42,StandardTestMethodforObtainingandTestingDrilledCoresandSawedBeamsofConcrete,
2013.
1.6.10.3 ASTMC823,StandardPracticeforExaminationandSamplingofHardenedConcreteinConstructions,
2012.
1.6.10.4 ASTMC39/39M12a,StandardTestMethodforCompressiveStrengthofCylindricalConcrete
Specimens,2012.
1.6.10.5 ASTMC856,StandardPracticeforPetrographicExaminationofHardenedConcrete,2011.
1.6.10.6 ASTMC295,StandardGuideforPetrographicExaminationofAggregatesforConcrete,2012.
1.6.10.7 ASTMC457,StandardTestMethodforMicroscopicalDeterminationofParametersoftheAirVoid
SysteminHardenedConcrete,2011.
1.6.10.8 ASTME84,StandardTestMethodforSurfaceBurningCharacteristicsofBuildingMaterials,2010.
1.6.10.9 ASTME119,StandardTestMethodsforFireTestsofBuildingConstructionandMaterials,2010b.
1.6.10.10
ASTME136,StandardTestMethodforBehaviorofMaterialsinaVerticalTubeFurnaceat750
DegreesC,2009b.
1.6.10.11
1.6.11
ASTME814,StandardTestMethodforFireTestsofThroughPenetrationFireStops,2010.
FMGlobalpublications.FMGlobal,270CentralAvenue,Johnston,RI029194923USA.
1.6.11.1 FMDataSheet71,FireProtectionforTextileMills,January2012.
1.6.11.2 FMDataSheet87,BaledFiberStorage,January2000.
Part2AdministrationandEnforcement
Part2AdministrationandEnforcement
2.1
General.TheadministrationofthisStandard,includinginterfacewithfactoryownersandperformanceof
factorycomplianceassessments,willbeadministeredbytheAlliance.
Part3GeneralBuildingRequirements
3.1
General.Thissectiondescribestherequirementsforbuildingandstructuresbasedonuseand
occupancy,buildingheightandarea,andconstructiontype.
3.2
Definitions.
3.2.1
Highrisebuilding.Structuresorbuildingswherethehighestoccupiablefloorislocatedmorethan20m
(65ft)abovethegradelevelaroundthebuilding.
3.2.2
Occupiableroof.Arooflevelshallbeconsideredoccupiablewhereaccesstotheroofisprovidedandis
notlimitedtomechanicalequipment.
3.3
UseandOccupancy.
3.3.1
General.Structuresorportionsofstructuresshallbeclassifiedbasedonoccupancyinoneormoreofthe
followingoccupancieslistedbelow.Forspacesthatareusedformorethanoneoccupancy,thespace
shallbeclassifiedbasedonalltheoccupanciespresentandshallmeettherequirementsofSection0.All
otherrequirementsofBNBCPart3Sections1.3and2.1shallbemet.
3.3.2
OccupancyA:Residential.Thisoccupancyshallincludestructuresorportionsusedforsleepingandliving
accommodationstorelatedorunrelatedgroupsofpeople.[SeeBNBCPart2Section2.1.1]
3.3.3
OccupancyB:EducationalBuildings.Thisoccupancyshallincludestructuresorportionsusedfordaycare
(B2).[SeeBNBCPart3Section2.1.2]
3.3.4
OccupancyE:AssemblyBuildings.Thisoccupancyshallincludestructuresorportionswherelargegroups
ofpeoplecongregateorassembly.Exampleswouldinclude:prayerhallsanddininghalls.Mostfactories
wouldhavesubcategoriesofE3(LargeAssemblywithoutfixedseats)andE4(SmallAssemblywithout
fixedseats,lessthan300persons).[SeeBNBCPart3Section2.1.5]
3.3.5
OccupancyF:BusinessBuildings.Thisoccupancyshallincludestructuresorportionsusedforthe
transactionofbusinessincludingoffices(F1).[SeeBNBCPart3Section2.1.6]
3.3.6
OccupancyG:IndustrialBuildings.Thisoccupancyshallincludestructuresorportionsusedwhere
materialsarefabricated,assembled,orprocessed.TheG2,ModerateHazardIndustrialOccupancywillbe
thepredominantoccupancytypeinmostRMGfactories.[SeeBNBCPart3Section2.1.7]
3.3.7
OccupancyH:StorageBuildings.Thisoccupancyshallincludestructuresorportionsusedforthestorage
ofmaterial,products,and/orequipment.TheH2,ModerateRiskFireStoragewillencompassthemajority
ofthestoragefacilitiesusedintheRMGfactories.[SeeBNBCPart3Section2.1.8]
3.3.8
OccupancyJ:HazardousBuildings.Thisoccupancyshallincludestructuresorportionsusedforthe
storage,processing,handling,ormanufactureofanyhazardousmaterial.[SeeBNBCPart3Section2.1.9]
3.3.9
OccupancyK:MiscellaneousBuildings.Thisoccupancyshallincludestructuresorportionsusedfor
specialstructuresnotclassifiedabove.Thiscouldincludewatertreatmentplants,generatorbuildings,
electricalbuildings,andotherutilitybuildings.[SeeBNBCPart3Section2.1.10]
3.4
MixedUse.
3.4.1
General.EachportionofabuildingorstructureshallbeclassifiedindividuallyaccordingtoSection3.3.
Whenabuildingcontainsmorethanoneoccupancy,thebuildingorportionshallcomplywiththe
applicablerequirementsof3.4.2,3.4.3,or3.4.4.ThemixeduseprovisionsofBNBCPart3Section2.3
shallapplyexceptwheremodifiedbythissectionofthisStandard.
3.4.2
Accessoryoccupancies.Occupanciesthatareincidentaltothemainoccupancyshallbeconsidered
accessoryoccupanciestothemainoccupancywhentheydonotexceed10percentofthebuildingareaof
thestoryinwhichtheyoccur.[SeeBNBCPart3Section2.1]
3.4.2.1 Separationofaccessoryoccupancies.Nooccupancyseparationshallberequiredbetweenaccessoryand
mainoccupanciesexceptwhererequiredby3.4.2.1.1through3.4.2.1.10.
3.4.2.1.1
Daycare.Daycareoccupancieswhichareaccessorytootheroccupanciesshallbelocatedonthe
groundfloorwithamaximumtraveldistanceof9m(30ft)ormaybelocatedonestoryabovethe
levelofexitdischargewheredirectaccesstoanexitenclosureisprovided.
3.4.2.1.2
Boilerorfurnacerooms.Anyroomorspacehousingboilersorotherheatproducingequipmentshall
beseparatedfromotheroccupanciesbyaminimum1hourconstructionorbyaminimumspatial
separationof3m(10ft)wherelocatedexteriortothebuilding.
3.4.2.1.3
Generators.Generatorsetsshallbeseparatedfromallotheroccupancyareasbyaminimum2hour
constructionorbyaminimumspatialseparationof3m(10ft)wherelocatedexteriortothebuilding.
Fueltanksshallbelimitedtoamaximum2500L(660gal)whenlocatedinabuildingwithother
occupancies.ExhaustshallbeinaccordancewithNFPA37.Allexhaustsystemsshalldischargetothe
exteriorofthebuildinginasafelocation.
3.4.2.1.4
OilFilledTransformers.Roomsusedforthehousingofoilfilledtransformersshallbeincompliance
withBNBCPart4SectionD15forhighrisebuildings.Oilfilledtransformersfornonhighrise
buildingsshallbeseparatedbyaminimum2hourfireresistiveratedconstructionorbyaminimum
spatialseparationof3m(10ft)wherelocatedexteriortothebuilding.
3.4.2.1.5
Storage.Roomsusedforstorageofcombustiblematerialsshallbeseparatedfromthesurrounding
occupancywithaminimum1hourconstruction.Inprocessstorageopentothesurrounding
occupancyisnotrequiredtobeseparatedwhenthefloorisprovidedwithautomaticsprinkler
protectioninaccordancewithSection5.3ormeetingtherequirementsof3.4.2.1.6.
3.4.2.1.6
Miscellaneousstorage.Storagethatdoesnotexceed2.45m(8ft.)inheight,isaccessorytoother
occupancies(see3.4.2),doesnotexceed23m2(250ft2)inanyoneareaandisseparatedbya
minimum3.0m(10ft)fromotherstorageareas.
3.4.2.1.7
Parking.Parkingofmotorvehiclesshallnotbeallowedinexistingbuildingsunlesstheparkingareais
separatedby1hrfireresistiveratedconstructionorautomaticsprinklerprotectionisprovided.In
addition,parkingshallonlybepermittedifadequateprovisionsforcarbonmonoxide
detection/removalareprovided,andifparkingareaswereoriginallydesignedorsubsequently
approvedfortheparkingofvehiclesbyappropriatelegislativeparties.
3.4.2.1.8
SleepingAreas.Sleepingareasshallbelocatedonthegroundfloorwithamaximumtraveldistance
of9m(30ft)ormaybelocatedonupperfloorswheredirectaccesstoanexitenclosureisprovided.
Automaticsmokedetectionshallbeprovidedfortheseareasandareasbetweenthesleepingarea
andexittoalerttheoccupantsfordevelopingfireconditions.
3.4.2.1.9
FlammableandCombustibleliquid.
3.4.2.1.9.1
AlicensemustbeobtainedinaccordancewiththePetroleumActforallstorageofClassIpetroleum
greaterthan25L(6gal).
3.4.2.1.9.2
AlicensemustbeobtainedinaccordancewiththePetroleumActforallstorageofClassIIpetroleum
greaterthan1000L(264gal)individuallyand2000L(528gal)aggregate.
3.4.2.1.9.3
Licensesrequiredbythissectionmustbeprominentlypostedandkeptuptodate.
3.4.2.1.10
Chemicalstorage.AllotherchemicalstorageshallbeincompliancewithBNBCPart3Section2.13.
3.4.2.1.11
Thestorageoruseofliquefiedorcompressedflammablegascylindersshallbeprohibitedwithinthe
factorybuilding.
3.4.3
NonseparatedOccupancies.Wheremorethanoneoccupancyoccursandisnotseparatedinaccordance
with3.4.4,themostrestrictiverequirementsforeachoccupancyshallapplyforfireprotection,meansof
egress,typeofconstruction,andallowablebuildingheightandarea.Noseparationisrequiredbetween
nonseparatedoccupanciesmeetingtherequirementofthissection.
3.4.4
SeparatedOccupancies.Newandexistingoccupanciesshallbeseparatedfromotheroccupanciesin
accordancewithBNBCPart3Sections2.3and3.1.5.
3.5
BuildingHeightandAreas.
3.5.1
General.Thegeneralrequirementsforheightlimitationsforbuildingsbasedonopenspace,frontage,
andfloorarearatiosinaccordancewithBNBCPart3Section1.8shallbemetforallnewconstruction.
Note:nononratedconstructionisallowedfortheoccupanciesfoundintheRMGfactoriesfornew
constructionpertheBNBC.
3.5.2
NewConstruction.
3.5.2.1 ConstructionofnewnonhighrisefactoriescontainingGand/orH2occupancies(factories)shallbeType1
orType2constructionasrequiredinBNBCPart2Table3.2.4.
3.5.2.2 ConstructionofnewnonhighrisebuildingscontainingJoccupanciesshallbeType1construction.
3.5.3
ExistingBuildings.
3.5.3.1 Existingbuildingsgreaterthan2storieswithnonratedconstructionshallnotexceed2000m2(22,000sq.
ft.)perfloorunlessautomaticsprinklerprotectionisprovidedthroughout.
3.6
HighRiseBuildings.
3.6.1
General.Highrisebuildingsshallbedefinedasthosestructuresorbuildingswherethehighest
occupiablefloorislocatedmorethan20m(65ft)abovethegradelevelaroundthebuilding.The
requirementsofthissectionshallapplytobothnewandexistingbuildings.SeeBNBCPart3Section
2.10.6.
3.6.2
Construction.
3.6.2.1 Newconstruction.
3.6.2.2 ConstructionofnewhighrisebuildingsshallbelimitedtoType1constructionasrequiredinBNBCPart3
Section2.10.6.2.ThisrequirementshallapplytoalloccupancytypesandnotjustTypeF.
3.6.2.3 Existingbuildings.
3.6.2.4 Type3andnonratedconstructionshallnotbeallowedforhighrisebuildings.
3.6.3
Automaticsprinklersystem.Automaticsprinklersystemsshallbeprovidedthroughoutallnewand
existinghighrisebuildingswithanoccupiablefloorgreaterthan23m(75ft)abovethefinishedgradein
accordancewithSection5.3.
3.6.4
Firedetectionandalarmsystem.Anautomaticfiredetectionandalarmsystemshallbeprovided
throughoutallnewandexistinghighrisebuildingsinaccordancewithSection5.7.
3.6.5
Emergencypower.Anemergencypowersystemshallbeprovidedtosupplypowertothefollowing
loads:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Exitsignsandmeansofegressillumination
Automaticfiredetectionsystems
Firealarmsystems
Electricallypoweredfirepumps.
Smokecontrolsystems
Elevators/lifts
3.6.5.1 Batterypoweredsignsandexitlights.Existingbatteryoperatedoruninterruptablepowersupply
systemscanbecontinuedtobeusedtosupplyexitsignsandmeansofegressilluminationwheremonthly
testingofsuchsystemsisconductedandproperlydocumented.
3.6.5.2 Duration.Emergencypowershallbeprovidedforaminimumdurationof60min.
3.7
Atriums.
3.7.1
General.Thissectionshallapplytobuildingsorstructurescontainingverticalopeningsknownasatrium.
3.7.2
Definition.Anatriumisanopeningconnectingtwoormorestoriesotherthanenclosedstairways,
elevators,plumbing,electrical,mechanical,orotherequipmentthatisenclosedinfireratedenclosures.
Storiesdonotincludemezzaninesthatareopen.
3.7.3
Firealarmsystem.Anautomaticfirealarmsystemshallbeprovidedthroughoutallnewandexisting
buildingscontaininganatriuminaccordancewithSection5.7.
3.7.4
Separation.EnclosureofnewandexistingatriumshallbeinaccordancewithBNBCPart3Section
3.1.17.f)withthefollowingmodification.Glasswallsandinoperablewindowsshallbepermittedinlieuof
the1hr.firebarrierwhereallofthefollowingitemsaremet:
(1) Automaticsprinklersareplacedonbothsidesoftheglassatmaximum1.83m(6ft)intervals.
(2) Thesesprinklersareplacednomorethan305mm(12in.)fromtheglasstoallowwettingtheentire
surfaceoftheglass.
(3) Theglassisofwired,tempered,orlaminatedglassheldinplacebygasketedframesallowingthe
glasstodeflectwithoutbreakingpriortooperationofthesprinklers.
(4) Sprinklerscanbeeliminatedfromtheatriumsideoftheglassonlevelswherethereisnotawalking
surfaceontheatriumsideabovethelowestleveloftheatrium.
(5) Doorsintheglasswallsaresmokeresistantandareselforautomaticclosing.
(6) Theglassisverticallycontinuous,notprovidedwithouthorizontalelementsthatwouldpreventthe
sprinklersfromwettingtheentiresurfaceoftheglass.
3.7.5
EngineeringAnalysis.Anengineeringanalysisshallbeconductedoftheatriathatdemonstratesthatthe
buildingisdesignedtokeepthesmokelayerinterfaceabovethehighestunprotectedopeningto
adjoiningspaces,or1830mm(6ft)abovethehighestfloorlevelopentotheatriumfor20min.The
resultsoftheengineeringanalysismayrequiresmokecontrol,separation,sprinklerprotectionand/or
otherprotectionfeatures.
3.7.6
Smokecontrol.Smokecontrolrequiredbytheengineeringanalysisinnewandexistingconstructionshall
bedesignedinaccordancewithNFPA92unlesstherequirementsof3.7.6.1aremet.
3.7.6.1 Atriainexistingbuildingsshallnotberequiredtohaveasmokecontrolsystemprovidedtheentireatrium
isseparatedfromtherestofthebuildingby2hrfireresistanceratedconstructionandwhereegress
pathsdonotpassthroughtheatriumandwhereemergencyworkersarenotrequiredtoaccessthe
atrium.
3.8
TypeofConstruction.
3.8.1
General.Buildingsandstructuresthatareerectedortobeerected,alteredorextendedinheightorarea
shallmeettheconstructiontypesaslistedinBNBCPart3Chapter3.
3.8.2
Separation.Constructiontypesshallbeseparatedbyfirewallsorprovidedwithfireresistancerated
wallsandseparationdistanceinaccordancewithSection3.9.
3.8.2.1 Firewalls.FirewallsshallbebuiltinaccordancewithIBCSection706.
3.8.2.2 Noseparation.Whennoseparationisprovidedbetweenconstructiontypes,thelesserconstructiontype
shallapplytoeachbuildingthatisnotseparatedinaccordancewithSection3.8.2and3.9.
3.8.2.3 Theprovisionsof3.8.2.2shallnotapplytoconstructionofanunprotectedsteelframestructureonthe
roofofabuilding.
3.9
SeparationDistances.Allnewbuildingsandstructuresshallbeseparatedfromotherbuildingsin
accordancewithBNBCPart3Table3.2.2andBNBCPart3Section2.4.1.3.Exteriorwallsofexitenclosures
innewandexistingbuildingsmustmeettherequirementsofBNBC.(Seealso6.14.5).
10
Part4FireProtectionConstruction
4.1
General.Thissectiondescribestherequirementsformaterials,systemsandassembliesusedfor
structuralfireresistanceandfireresistanceratedconstructionseparationtoseparatethespreadoffire
andsmokebothinternalwithinabuildingorstructureandfromstructuretostructure.
4.2
Definitions.
4.2.1
Firewall.Afireresistanceratedwallhavingprotectedopenings,whichrestrictsthespreadoffireand
extendscontinuouslyfromthefoundationtoorthroughtheroof,withsufficientstructuralstabilityunder
fireconditionstoallowcollapseofconstructiononeithersidewithoutcollapseofthewall.[IBC702.1]
4.3
FireResistance.Thefireresistanceratingsofstructuralelements,buildingcomponentsorassemblies
shallbedeterminedinaccordancewiththetestproceduresoutlinedinASTME119orUL263.
4.4
Fireresistanceofstructuralmembers.Thefireresistanceofstructuralmembersshallbeincompliance
withBNBCPart3Chapter3andTable3.3.1(repeatedbelow).
11
Table 3.3.1
Required Fire Resistance Ratings of Building Elements (in hours)
for Various Types of Construction
Building Element
Type of Construction
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
(1) Exterior bearing walls
2
(see Note a)
(2) Exterior nonbearing walls and curtain walls
1.5
(see Note a)
4
3
2
1.5
2
1
(4) Structural frame and structural members supporting wa
1.5
(see Note b)
(5) Floor construction including beams
1.5
2
1
0.5
1.5
1
0.5
1
1
0.5
(7) Fire walls and party walls
2
(see Note c)
(8) Enclosure of fire exits
(9) Shafts (other than exits) and elevator hoistways
(10) Access corridors leading to fire exits
(11) Vertical separation of tenant spaces
(12) Nonbearing partition walls
0.5
0.5
0.5
(13) False/suspended ceilings
0.5
0.5
0.5
(14) Smoke barriers
(15) Mixed occupancy separation
(see Note d)
(3) Interior bearing walls, bearing partitions, columns, girders,

trusses (other than roof trusses) and framing
a) Supporting more than one floor
b) Supporting one floor only or a roof only
(6) Roof construction, including beams, trusses

and framing, arches and roof deck
a) 5 m or less in height to lowest member
b) More than 5 m but less than 7 m in height to lowe
c) 7 m or more in height to lowest member
Note a
b
c
d
:
:
:
:
Not less than the rating based on fire separation distance (see Table 3.2.2)
Not less than fire resistance rating of wall supported
Not less than the rating required in Table 3.2.1
Fire resistance ratings of mixed occupancy separation, where permitted, shall be as require
in Table 3.2.1.
12
4.4.1
FireResistanceRatingsofCommonElements.SeeTable4.1.1fromBNBCPart4relistedasTable4.4.1
below.Acalculatedfireresistanceshallbepermittedtobedemonstratedusingtheprovisionsof
alternativemethodssuchasthosepresentedinIBC,Section722.
Table4.4.1
FireResistanceRatingofCommonConstructionElements
1.
Structural Element
SOLID WALLS
a.
b.
c.
75 mm thick walls of clay bricks

125 mm thick walls of clay bricks
250 mm thick walls
2.
RC WALLS
a.
b.
c.
d.
150 mm thick RC wall

200 mm thick RC wall
250 mm thick RC walls
300 mm thick RC walls
3.
RC SLABS
a.
100 mm RC slabs with 13 mm cover

over reinforcement
over reinforcement
over reinforcement
over reinforcement
b.
c.
d.
4.
RC COLUMNS (1:2:4)
a.
250 mm x 250 mm with 25 mm cover

over reinforcement
over reinforcement
over reinforcement
over reinforcement
b.
c.
d.
Fire Resistance Rating
0.75 hour
1.5 hours
5.0 hours
3.0 hours
4.0 hours
5 hours
6 hours
1 hours
2.5 hours
3.75 hours
5.0 hours
3.0 hours
4.0 hours
6.0 hours
8.0 hours
4.4.2
Parapets.Parapetsthatareconstructedonratedexteriorconstructionshallbeofthesameratingasthe
exteriorwallratinginaccordancewithBNBCPart3Section3.1.13.
4.5
Separation.
4.5.1
General.Separationoffloors,occupancies,hazards,exitenclosuresshallbeprovidedwithfireresistive
ratedconstructionfirebarriersinaccordancewiththissection.
13
4.5.2
FireBarriers.Firebarriersshallbeclassifiedas1,2,or3hrfireresistiveratedconstruction.
4.5.2.1 Firebarriershallbecontinuousfromoutsidewalltooutsidewall,fromonefirebarriertoanotheror
combinationthereofandshallbecontinuousthroughallconcealedspaces.
4.5.2.2 FirebarriersshallbeconstructedofmaterialsmeetingthetestingrequirementsofASTME119.
4.5.2.3 Allopeningsinfirebarriersshallbeprotectedwithfireresistantprotectiveopeningprotectionin
accordancewith0.
4.5.3
Verticalopenings.Openingsthroughafloor/ceilingassemblyshallbeprotectedshaftsinaccordancewith
4.5.7unlessmeetingtherequirementsof4.5.3.1or4.5.3.2.
4.5.3.1 Ashaftenclosureisnotrequiredforpenetrationsbypipe,tube,conduit,wire,cableandventsprotected
inaccordancewith4.7
4.5.3.2 Ashaftenclosureisnotrequiredforstairsorotherflooropeningsconnectingonlytwostoriesthatdonot
serveasarequiredexitandisseparatedfromflooropeningsservingotherfloorsbyconstructionas
requiredforshafts,anddoesnotconnecttoabasementareaorstorageorhazardousoccupancies.
4.5.4
Doors.
4.5.4.1 FiredoorsassembliesshallconformtoNFPA252,BS476Part22,EN13641,GB129552008,orIS3614
PartII.TheASTMstandardreferencedintheBNBCPart4Section1.5.4hasbeenwithdrawn.
4.5.4.2 Allfiredoorsshallbeselforautomaticclosinganduponclosingshallincludepositivelatchinghardware.
4.5.5
Windows.
4.5.5.1 FirewindowsshallconformtoNFPA257orBritish,European,Chinese,orIndianstandardforfirewindow
tests.TheASTMstandardreferencedintheBNBCPart4Section1.5.5hasbeenwithdrawn.
4.5.6
Ducts.Ductspenetratingfireresistanceratedassembliesshallbeprotectedwithlistedfiredampers.
Dampersshallbe1hr.rateddamperswhenlocatedina2hrorlessfireresistanceratedassembly.
Dampersshallbe3hrrateddamperswhenlocatedina3hrorgreaterfireresistanceratedassembly.
4.5.7
Shafts.
4.5.7.1 Fireresistancerating.Ashaftenclosureshallbehaveaminimumfireresistanceratingof2hrwhen
connectingfourstoriesormoreandaminimumfireresistanceratingof1hrwhenconnectingthree
storiesorless.
4.5.7.2 Continuity.Ashaftenclosureshallbeconstructedasafirebarrierandshallmeetthecontinuity
requirementsof4.5.2.1.
4.5.7.3 Openings.Openingsinshaftsshallbelimitedtothosenecessaryforthepurposeoftheshaft.These
openingsshallbeprotectedasrequiredin0.
14
4.6
OpeningProtectives.OpeningsinfireresistanceratedwallsshallbeprotectedinaccordancewithBNBC
Part4Section2.5andthefollowing.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3hrfirebarriersprotectedwith3hrfireprotectiveopeningassemblies
2hrfirebarriersprotectedwith1.5hrfireprotectiveopeningassemblies
1hrfirebarriersprotectedwithhrfireprotectiveopeningassemblies
1hrexitenclosuresandverticalshaftsprotectedwith1hrfireprotectiveopeningassemblies.
4.7
Penetrations.Penetrationsoffireresistiveratedassembliesshallbeprotectedwithalistedthrough
penetrationfirestopsystemtestedinaccordancewithASTME814.
4.7.1
Penetrationsinaconcreteormasonrywallbysteel,ferrousorcopperconduits,pipes,tubesorventswith
amaximum150mm(6in.)nominaldiameterwheretheareaoftheopeningthroughthewalldoesnot
exceed0.0929m2(144in2)shallbepermittedtobeprotectedusingconcrete,groutormortarinstalled
thefullthicknessofthewalltomaintainthefireresistancerating.
4.7.2
Penetrationsinasingleconcretefloorbysteel,ferrousorcopperconduits,pipes,tubesorventswitha
maximum150mm(6in.)nominaldiametershallbepermittedtobeprotectedusingconcrete,groutor
mortarinstalledthefullthicknessofthefloororthethicknessrequiredtomaintainthefireresistance
rating.Thepenetratingitemsshallnotbelimitedtothepenetrationofasingleconcretefloor,provided
theareaoftheopeningthrougheachfloordoesnotexceed0.0929m2(144in2).
15
Part5FireProtectionSystems
5.1
General.Thissectiondescribestherequirementsastowherefireprotectionsystemsarerequiredand
therequirementsfordesign,installationandoperationofthesefireprotectionsystems.
5.2
Definitions.(Reserved)
5.3
AutomaticSprinklerSystems.
5.3.1
General.Automaticsprinklersshallcomplywiththissection.
5.3.2
Whererequired.Automaticsprinklersystemsshallbeinstalledinnewandexistingbuildingsand
structuresasdescribedinthefollowingsubsections.
5.3.2.1 HighRiseBuildings.
5.3.2.1.1
Automaticsprinklerprotectionshallbeinstalledthroughoutallportionsofnewandexistinghighrise
buildingswithanoccupiablefloorgreaterthan23m(75ft)abovethefinishedgradeinaccordance
with5.3.3.
5.3.2.1.2
Requiredautomaticsprinklerprotectionshallbeinstalledinaccordancewith5.3.3.
5.3.3
Installationrequirements.AllinstallationanddesignrequirementsoutlinedinBNBCPart4Chapter4
shallbereplacedbytherequirementsofNFPA13.Pipeschedulesshallnotbeusedtosizepipe.All
systemsshallbehydraulicallycalculatedtomeettherequiredNFPA13designrequirements.
5.3.3.1 Documentation.Installationofnewautomaticsprinklersystemsshallberequiredtoprovideshop
drawingsandhydrauliccalculationsasoutlinedinNFPA13.Thesedrawingsshallincludealldetailsas
outlinedinNFPA13.
5.3.3.2 DocumentationReview.AllsprinklersysteminstallationsshallbesubmittedforreviewtotheAlliance.
5.3.4
Acceptancetesting.TestingoftheinstallationshallbeconductedinaccordancewithNFPA13acceptance
testingrequirements.DocumentationofalltestingshallbesubmittedforreviewtotheAlliance.The
OwnershallcontacttheAlliancepriortoconductingthefinalacceptancetestingofthesprinkler
installationtoallowtheAlliancetheoptionofwitnessingthistestingandconductafinalinspectionofthe
installation.
5.3.5
Supervisionandalarms.
5.3.5.1 Valves.Allvalvescontrollingautomaticsprinklersystems,firepumps,andwatersupplysystemsshallbe
electricallysupervisedbyalistedfirealarmsystemcontrolunit.
5.3.5.2 Alarms.Anapprovedaudibledeviceshallbeconnectedtoeveryautomaticsprinklersystemandshallbe
activatedbywaterflowequaltotheflowofonesprinkler.Whereafirealarmsystemisinstalled,
activationofthewaterflowshallactivatethefirealarmsystem.
5.3.6
Testingandmaintenance.Automaticsprinklersystemsshallbetestedandmaintainedinaccordance
withNFPA25.
5.3.6.1 Storageclearance.Allstorageshallbemaintainedwitha460mm(18in.)minimumclearancefromthe
topofstoragetothesprinklerdeflector.
16
5.3.6.2 Solidshelves.
5.3.6.2.1
Racks.Unlessinrackautomaticsprinklershavebeendesignedandinstalled,solidshelfrackingshall
notbeused.Aminimumof50%openingsinshelvingmaterialshallbeconsideredopenshelves.See
NFPA13forfurtherclarification.
5.3.6.2.2
Shelves.Shelvingunitsnotgreaterthan760mm(30in.)deepcanhavesolidshelves.Backtoback
solidshelfunitsnotgreaterthan760mm(30in.)deepeachwithasolidverticalbarriercanhavesolid
shelves.SeeNFPA13forfurtherclarification.
5.3.6.3 Aisles.MinimumaislesshallbemaintainedfreeofstorageinaccordancewithNFPA13basedonthe
designcriteriausedforthesprinklersystem.
5.4
StandpipeSystems.
5.4.1
General.Standpipefireprotectionsystemsshallcomplywiththissection.
5.4.2
Whererequired.AClassIIIstandpipesystem(botha40mmconnectionwithattachedhoseanda65mm
connection)shallbeinstalledthroughoutallnewandexistingbuildingsandstructureswherethehighest
occupiedfloorismorethan10m(33ft)abovegradeormorethan10m(33ft)belowgrade.
5.4.2.1 WherethebuildingisprotectedthroughoutwithautomaticsprinklersaClassIstandpipe(65mm
connectionswithoutattachedhose)shallbepermitted.TheinstallationofOccupantUse(ClassII40mm
connections)shallnotberequired.
5.4.3
Installationrequirements.AllinstallationanddesignrequirementsoutlinedinBNBCPart4Chapter4for
combinedstandpipeandautomaticsprinklersystemsshallbereplacedbytherequirementsofNFPA14
withaminimumpressureof450kPa(65psi)atthehydraulicallymostremotehoseconnection.
StandalonestandpipesystemsshallmeetthelocalBNBCrequirementswithaminimum450kPa(65psi)
pressureatthehydraulicallymostremotehoseconnectionorNFPA14.
5.4.3.1 Documentation.Installationofnewcombinedstandpipeandsprinklersystemsshallberequiredto
provideshopdrawingsandhydrauliccalculationsasoutlinedinNFPA14.Thesedrawingsshallincludeall
detailsasoutlinedinNFPA14.
5.4.3.2 DocumentationReview.AllstandpipesysteminstallationsshallbesubmittedforreviewbytheAlliance
forreviewpriortocommencementofinstallation.
5.4.3.3 Acceptancetesting.TestingoftheinstallationshallbeconductedinaccordancewithNFPA14acceptance
testingrequirements.DocumentationofalltestingshallbesubmittedforreviewbytheAlliance.The
OwnershallcontacttheAlliancepriortoconductingthefinalacceptancetestingofthestandpipe
installation.
5.4.4
Locationofhoseconnections.
5.4.4.1 Standpipehoseconnectionsshallbelocatedinallrequiredstairwellsateachfloorlevelincluding
occupiableroofs.
17
5.5
Watersupply.
5.5.1
Installationrequirements.AllnewinstallationsanddesignrequirementsoutlinedinBNBCPart4Chapter
4forwatersuppliesshallbereplacedbytherequirementsofNFPA20(firepumps),NFPA22(water
tanks),andNFPA24(undergroundwatermains).Existingwatersuppliesshallbeevaluatedforreliability
andsupportthehydraulicdemandsanddurationofanyneworexistingsystemssupplied.
5.5.1.1 Documentation.Installationofnewfireprotectionwatersupplysystemsshallberequiredtoprovide
shopdrawingsandhydrauliccalculationsasoutlinedinNFPA13,20,22,and24.Thesedrawingsshall
includealldetailsasoutlinedinNFPA13,20,22,and24.
5.5.1.2 DocumentationReview.Allfireprotectionwatersupplysysteminstallationsshallbesubmittedfor
reviewbytheAllianceforreviewpriortocommencementofinstallation.
5.5.1.3 Acceptancetesting.TestingoftheinstallationshallbeconductedinaccordancewithNFPA13,20,22and
24acceptancetestingrequirements.Documentationofalltestingshallbesubmittedforreviewbythe
Alliance.TheOwnershallcontacttheAlliancepriortoconductingthefinalacceptancetestingofthe
installation.
5.5.2
Roofmountedtanks.Nonewroofmountedtankstosupplywatertonewstandpipeorsprinkler
protectioninstallationsshallbeallowedwithoutcomplyingwiththerequirementsofPart8.
5.5.3
Sizeoftanks.Tanksshallbesizedfortheminimumdurationforfireprotectionsupplyasoutlinedin
5.3.3.
5.5.4
Firedepartmentconnections.Firedepartment(Siamese)inletconnectionsshallbeprovidedtoallowfire
departmentpumperequipmenttosupplementthefireprotectionsystems.Firedepartmentoutlet
connectionsshallbeprovidedtoallowfiredepartmentpumpervehiclestodrawwaterfromgroundlevel
orundergroundwaterstoragetanks.ConnectionsshallmatchtheFireServiceandCivilDefencehose
threadstandard.
5.5.5
Acceptance.AcceptancetestingoftheinstallationshallbeinaccordancewithNFPA20,22,and24
testingrequirements.DocumentationofalltestingshallbesubmittedtotheAllianceforreviewpriorto
finalacceptancebytheAlliance.TheOwnershallcontacttheAlliancepriortoconductingthefinal
acceptancetestingofthefirepumpinstallationtoallowtheAlliancetheoptiontowitnessthistestandto
conductafinalinspectionoftheinstallation.
5.6
PortableFireExtinguishers.Portablefireextinguishersshallbeinstalledthroughoutallnewandexisting
facilitiesinaccordancewithBNBCPart4Section4.10andNFPA10.
5.6.1
Spacing.Extinguishersshallbeplacedsothatmaximumtraveldistancetothenearestunitshallnot
exceed30m(100ft).
5.6.2
Mountingheight.
5.6.2.1 Fireextinguishershavingagrossweightnotexceeding18.14kg(40lb)shallbeinstalledsothatthetopof
thefireextinguisherisnotmorethan1.53m(5ft)abovethefloor(NFPA106.1.3.8).
5.6.2.2 Fireextinguishershavingagrossweightgreaterthan18.14kg(40lb)(exceptwheeledtypes)shallbe
installedsothatthetopofthefireextinguisherisnotmorethan1.07m(3ft)abovethefloor(NFPA10
6.1.3.8).
18
5.7
FireAlarmandDetection.
5.7.1
General.Firealarmanddetectionsystemsshallcomplywiththissection.
5.7.2
Definitions.
5.7.2.1 Manualalarm.Afirealarmsystemthatactivatesthesystemalarm(s)andoccupantnotificationdevices
bymanualinitiation.
5.7.2.2 Automaticalarm.Afirealarmsystemthatactivatesthesystemalarm(s)andoccupantnotification
devicesbyautomaticinitiatingdevices(e.g.smokedetector,heatdetector,sprinklerwaterflow).
5.7.3
Whererequired.Automaticormanualfirealarmanddetectionsystemsshallbeinstalledthroughoutall
newandexistingbuildingsandstructureswhererequiredin5.7.3.2through5.7.3.9.
5.7.3.1 Whereautomaticdetectionisrequiredin5.7.3.2through5.7.3.7,initiatingdevicesshallincludeeither
smokeorfiredetectiondevicesspacedinaccordancewithNFPA72.Whencompletesprinklerprotection
isprovidedthroughoutafloorwithwaterflowdevicesdesignedtoinitiatethealarmnotification,smoke
andfiredetectiondevicescanbeeliminatedthroughoutthatfloor.
5.7.3.2 OccupancyB.Amanualfirealarmsystemshallbeprovidedinallnewandexistingdaycarefacilitiesthat
arelocatedinotheroccupanciesorinbuildingsgreaterthan2stories.Whenlocatedinbuildingswith
otheroccupanciesrequiringanautomaticfirealarmsystem,anautomaticfirealarmsystemshallbe
provided.
5.7.3.3 OccupancyE.Anautomaticfirealarmsystemshallbeprovidedthroughoutallnewandexistingassembly
occupancies.
5.7.3.4 OccupancyF.Amanualfirealarmsystemshallbeprovidedthroughoutallnewandexisting3ormore
storybuildings.Whenlocatedinbuildingswithotheroccupanciesrequiringanautomaticfirealarm
system,anautomaticfirealarmsystemshallbeprovided.Anautomaticfirealarmanddetectionsystem
shallbeprovidedthroughoutallnewandexistinghighrisebuildingsasoutlinedinSection3.6.
5.7.3.5 OccupancyG1.Amanualfirealarmsystemshallbeinstalledthroughoutallnewandexistinglowhazard
industrialoccupancies.Whenlocatedinbuildingswithotheroccupanciesrequiringanautomaticfire
alarmsystem,anautomaticfirealarmsystemshallbeprovided.
5.7.3.6 OccupancyG2.Anautomaticfirealarmanddetectionsystemshallbeprovidedthroughoutallnewand
existingmoderatehazardindustrialoccupancies.
5.7.3.7 OccupancyH.Amanualfirealarmsystemshallbeprovidedthroughoutallnewandexistingstorage
occupancies.Whenlocatedinbuildingswithotheroccupanciesrequiringanautomaticfirealarmsystem,
anautomaticfirealarmsystemshallbeprovided.
5.7.3.8 OccupancyJ.Anautomaticfirealarmanddetectionsystemshallbeprovidedthroughoutallnewand
existinghazardousoccupancies.
5.7.3.9 OccupancyK.Amanualfirealarmsystemshallbeprovidedthroughoutallmiscellaneousoccupancies.
Whenlocatedinbuildingswithotheroccupanciesrequiringanautomaticfirealarmsystem,anautomatic
firealarmsystemshallbeprovided.
19
5.7.4
Installationrequirements.AllinstallationanddesignrequirementsoutlinedinBNBCPart4Section4.4
shallbesupplementedbytherequirementsofNFPA72.
5.7.4.1 Documentation.Installationofnewfirealarmanddetectionsystemsshallberequiredtoprovideshop
drawingsandasoutlinedinNFPA72.
5.7.4.2 DocumentationReview.AllfirealarminstallationsshallbesubmittedforreviewbytheAlliancefor
reviewpriortocommencementofinstallation.
5.7.4.3 Acceptancetesting.TestingoftheinstallationshallbeconductedinaccordancewithNFPA72acceptance
testingrequirements.DocumentationofalltestingshallbesubmittedforreviewbytheAlliance.The
OwnershallcontacttheAlliancepriortoconductingthefinalacceptancetestingofthefirealarm
installation.
5.7.4.4 Evacuation.Automaticalarmevacuationshallbeprovideduponinitiationofanyofthefollowing:manual
alarmbox,waterflowalarm,ortwoormoreautomaticsmokeorfiredetectiondevices.Notificationshall
beprovidedthroughoutthebuildingfortotalevacuation.Existingpartialevacuationsystemsshallbe
replaced.
5.7.5
Monitoring.UntilthattimethatacentralstationmonitoringserviceordirectconnectiontotheFire
ServiceandCivilDefencecanbesetup,apersonshallbeassignedtocontactthefiredepartmentinthe
eventoffirealarmactivation.Anannunciatorshallbelocatedinaconstantlyattendedlocationtoalert
thisperson.
5.7.6
Airhandlingequipment.
5.7.6.1 SmokedetectorslistedforuseinairdistributionsystemsshallbelocatedasrequiredinNFPA90A.
5.8
Automaticandmanualheatandsmokeventilation.
5.8.1
NewConstruction.SmokeandheatventsshallbeinstalledinbuildingsasrequiredbyBNBCPart4
SectionB2.
5.8.2
Smokeandheatventsshallnotbeinterconnectedwiththeautomaticfirealarmsystem.
5.8.3
Inexistingbuildings,automaticheatandsmokeventsshallbeconvertedtomanualonlyoperationifthe
buildingisprovidedwithautomaticsprinklers.
5.9
FireDepartmentElevators(Lifts).
5.9.1
Newconstruction.FireliftsshallbeinstalledinallhighrisebuildingsinaccordancewithBNBCPart4
Section2.11.
5.9.2
Existingconstruction.FireliftsshallbeinstalledwhererequiredbytheFireServiceandCivilDefencein
accordancewithBNBCPart4Section2.11.
5.9.3
Recall.Phase1andPhase2Elevatorrecallshallbeprovidedfornewconstructioninaccordancewith
ASMEA17.1.
5.9.4
Shafts.Allfiredepartmentliftsshallbeinstalledinshaftsinaccordancewith4.5.7ofthisStandard.
5.10
CookingOperations.Cookingoperationsthatproducegreaseladenvaporsshallbeprohibitedunless
ventilationandafireprotectionsystemisprovidedinaccordancewithNFPA96.
20
Part6MeansofEgress
Part6MeansofEgress
6.1
General.Buildingsshallbeprovidedwithameansofegresssystemforalloccupantstosafelyevacuate
frombuildingsandstructures.
6.2
Definitions.(Reserved)
6.3
GeneralMeansofEgress
6.3.1
SeparationofMeansofEgress.
6.3.1.1 Corridors.Exitaccesscorridorsservinganoccupantloadexceeding30shallbeseparatedbywallshaving
afireresistanceratingof1hrinaccordancewith4.5unlessprovidedwithautomaticsprinklerprotection
throughoutthestoryorbuilding.
6.3.1.2 Exits.Exitsshallbeenclosedwithfireresistanceratedconstructionasoutlinedin6.3.1.2.1through
6.3.1.2.3.
6.3.1.2.1
Exitsconnectingthreeorfewerstoriesshallbeenclosedwithaminimum1hrfireresistancerating.
6.3.1.2.2
Exitsconnectingfourormorestoriesshallbeenclosedwithaminimum2hrfireresistancerating.
6.3.1.2.3
Exitsshallbeenclosedwiththesamefireresistanceratingasthefloorpenetratedbutwillnotneed
toexceed2hr.
6.3.1.3 Exteriorexitstairs.Exteriorexitstairsshallbeseparatedfromthebuildingwiththeratingrequirements
of6.3.1.2.Theratingoftheexteriorwallshallextend3.05m(10ft)beyondtheendsofthestair
structure.
6.3.2
InteriorFinish.Allinteriorfinishesforexitsshallbelimitedtoaflamespreadindexof75andsmoke
developedof450astestedinaccordancewithASTME84.
6.3.3
Headroom.Allmeansofegressshallhaveaminimumceilingheightof2.3m(7ft6in.)withprojections
fromtheceilingnotlessthan2.03m(6ft8in.).Theminimumceilingheightshallbemaintainedforat
least2/3ofthespaceorroomaslongastheremainingareashallbenotlessthan2.03m(6ft8in.).
Headroomonstairsshallnotbelessthan2.03m(6ft8in.).
6.3.4
Walkingsurfaces.
6.3.4.1 Changesinelevation.Abruptchangesinelevationofwalkingsurfacesshallnotexceedin.unless
providedwithabeveledslopeof1in2thatdonotexceedin.Changesgreaterthanin.shallmeetthe
requirementsfor6.3.5.
6.3.4.2 Walkingsurfacesshallbemostlylevel;however,shallnotexceedaslopeof1in20inthedirectionof
travelunlessmeetingtherequirementsforrampsin6.10.
6.3.5
ChangesinLevel.Changesinlevelexceeding535mm(21in.)inelevationshallmeettherequirements
forstairsin0orrampsin6.10.
6.3.5.1 Thechangeinlevelshallbereadilyapparentandifnot,markedwithadditionalsignageorfloormarkings.
6.3.6
SlipResistance.Walkingsurfaces,includingstairwaytreadsshallbeuniformlyslipresistant.
21
Part6MeansofEgress
6.3.7
Guards.Guardsshallbeprovidedinaccordancewith6.12ontheopensidesofmeansofegress
componentswheretheelevationexceeds760mm(30in.)abovethegroundorfloorbelow.
6.3.8
Impedimentstomeansofegress.Nolocksorotherdevicesshallbeinstalledonameansofegress
componentthatwouldpreventanyoccupantfromhavingsafeegressfromthebuildingorstructure.
6.3.9
Reliability.Meansofegressshallbemaintainedcontinuouslyfreeandclearofallobstructionsor
impedimentstofullinstantuseinthecaseoffireorotheremergency.
6.3.9.1 Furnishings,decorations.Nofurnishings,decorations,orotherobjectsshallobstructexitsandaccessto
exits.Nothingshallobstructorimpedevisibilitytoexits.
6.4
OccupantLoad
6.4.1
Theoccupantload,innumberofpersonsforwhommeansofegressarerequired,shallbedeterminedon
thebasisoftheoccupantloadfactorsinBNBCPart4Section3.5.1thatarecharacteristicfortheuseof
thespaceorthemaximumprobablepopulationofthespace,whicheverisgreater.
6.4.2
TheoccupantloadfactorsfromtheBNBCareasfollows:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Assemblywithtablesandchairs:1.5m2peroccupant(16ft2peroccupant)net
Assemblywithoutfixedseats:0.7m2peroccupant(7ft2peroccupant)net
Offices:10m2peroccupant(100ft2peroccupant)gross
Industrial:10m2peroccupant(100ft2peroccupant)gross
Storage:30m2peroccupant(300ft2peroccupant)gross
Hazardous:10m2peroccupant(100ft2peroccupant)gross
6.4.2.1 RMGfactoriesshallhaveacalculatedoccupantloadof2.3m2peroccupant(25ft2peroccupant).This
occupantloadfactorispermittedtobeincreasedordecreasedbasedontheactualnumberofoccupants.
6.4.3
Increasedoccupantload.Theoccupantloadispermittedtobeincreasedabovethecalculatedoccupant
loadprovidedthatallothermeansofegressrequirementsforthathigheroccupantloadaremet.
6.4.4
Postingofoccupantload.Theoccupantloadshallbepostedforeveryassemblyandproductionfloorina
facilityinaconspicuousspacenearthemainexitorexitaccessdoorwayforthespace.
6.5
EgressWidth
6.5.1
Minimumwidthofaisles.Aislesshallbeprovidedwithaminimumunobstructedclearwidthof0.9m
(36in.).
6.5.2
Meansofegresscontinuity.Thepathofegresstravelalongameansofegressshallnotbeinterruptedby
anyobstruction.Thecapacityofthemeansofegressshallnotbereducedalongthepathoftravel.
6.5.3
Capacity.Thetotalcapacityofthemeansofegressshallforanystory,floor,orotheroccupiedspaceshall
besufficientfortheoccupantloadascalculatedin6.4.1.
6.5.4
CapacityFactors.Thecapacityfactorsforcalculatingtheavailableegressforeachmeansofegress
componentshallbeinaccordancewithBNBCPart4Table4.3.2(repeatedbelow).
6.5.4.1 Forassemblyuseareasprovidedforprayerhalls,dininghallsandlikeareasaswellasbusinessareasthat
areforintegralusebythefactoryworkers,thecapacityfactorfortheprimaryoccupancyuseofthe
buildingshallbepermittedtobeused.
22
Part6MeansofEgress
BNBCTable4.3.2
RequiredExitWidthperOccupant
Occupancy
A
Residential
B
Educational
F1,F2, Business &
F4
Mercantile
G
Industrial
H
Storage
Buildings without Sprinkler

System (mm per person)
Stairways
Ramps &
Doors
Corridors
Buildings thoroughly Sprinkled

(mm per person)
Stairways Ramps &
Doors
Corridors
C1,C2, Institutional
C3
C4
Institutional
10
Health Care
25
18
10
15
12
10
E
F3
Assembly
Business and
Mercantile
10
Hazardous
6.5.5
SufficientCapacity.Fornewconstruction,wheremorethanonemeansofegressisrequired,themeans
ofegressshallbeofsuchwidthandcapacitythatthelossofanyonemeansofegressleavesavailablenot
lessthan50percentoftherequiredcapacity.
6.5.6
Minimumwidths.
6.5.6.1 Doors.
6.5.6.1.1
Doorsinanexistingmeansofegressshallhaveaminimumwidthof0.8m(32in.).
6.5.6.1.2
Newdoorsinameansofegressshallhaveaminimumwidthof1m(39in.).
6.5.6.2 Stairs.
6.5.6.2.1
Innewconstructionandfornewlyconstructedstairs,stairsshallhaveaminimumwidthof1.5m(60
in.)forallindustrialoccupanciesand2.0m(79in.)forallassemblyoccupancies.Forassemblyuse
areasprovidedforprayerhalls,dininghallsandlikeareasthatareforintegralusebythefactory
workers,theminimumwidthfortheprimaryoccupancyuseofthebuildingshallbepermittedtobe
used.
6.5.6.2.2
Inexistingconstruction,stairsshallhaveaminimumwidthof0.9m(35in.).
6.6
NumberofMeansofEgress
6.6.1
General.Thenumberofmeansofegressfromanyfloor,storyorportionthereofshallnotbelessthan2
exceptwhereasingleexitispermittedby6.6.2,asinglemeansofegressispermittedby6.6.5orwherea
greaternumberisrequiredby6.6.3.
23
6.6.2
Part6MeansofEgress
Singleexits.Onlyoneexitshallberequiredinexistingbuildingswheretheoccupantloadandtravel
distancelistedinTable6.6.2arenotexceeded.
Story
Groundor
Basement
Secondstory
TABLE6.6.2
STORIESWITHONEEXIT
Occupancy
MaximumOccupantsperFloorandTravelDistance
B
50 occupantsand23m(75ft)traveldistance
E,F,G,K
50 occupantsand23m(75ft)traveldistance
H
30occupantsand30m(100ft)traveldistance
J
5 occupantsand8 m(25ft)traveldistance
F,G
H
6.6.3
Highoccupantload.Thenumberofmeansofegressfromanyfloororstoryshallnotbelessthan3when
theoccupantloadexceeds500perstoryandnotlessthan4whentheoccupantloadexceeds1000per
story.
6.6.4
Occupiedroofs.Occupiedroofsshallbeprovidedwiththeminimumnumberofexitsrequiredasastory.
6.6.5
SpaceswithOneMeansofEgress.Asinglemeansofegressshallbepermittedforspaceshavingan
occupantloadofnotmorethan49andwherethecommonpathofegresstraveldoesnotexceedthe
limitationsof6.13.2.
6.6.6
ArrangementofExits.Wheretwoormoreexitsormeansofegressarerequired,theexitdoorsormeans
ofegressopeningsshallbelocatedadistanceapartequaltonotlessthanonehalfofthelengthofthe
maximumoveralldiagonaldimensionofthebuildingorareatobeservedmeasuredinastraightline
betweenexitdoorsoregressopenings.Wherethebuildingisprovidedwithacompleteautomatic
sprinklersystem,theseparationoftheexitsormeansofegressopeningsshallbenotlessthanonethird
ofthemaximumoveralldiagonaldimension.
6.7
EgressIllumination.AllpathsofegressshallbeprovidedwithilluminationinaccordancewithPart10of
thisStandard.
6.8
DoorsandGates
6.8.1
Doorswing.Alldoorsinameansofegressshallbeofthesidehingedswingingtype.Rolldownand
slidinggatesandshuttersshallnotbeallowed.Doorsservinganoccupantloadofmorethan50shall
swinginthedirectionofegresstravel.
6.8.2
Locking.
6.8.2.1 General.Doorsshallnotbelockedinthedirectionofegressunderanyconditions.Allexistinghasps,
locks,slidebolts,andotherlockingdevicesshallberemovedunlessprovidedforin6.8.2.2and6.8.2.3.
6.8.2.2 Doorsmaybelockedwherethelatchandlockaredisengagedwithonemotionwheretheoccupantload
doesnotexceed49persons.Turningadoorhandleanddisengagingalockisconsideredtwomotions.
6.8.2.3 Doorsmaybeprovidedwithlockinghardwarefromtheingresssideprovidedthatapanicbarisinstalled
onanydoorwithanoccupantloadexceeding49persons.Thereentryprovisionsof0mustbemet.
24
6.8.3
Part6MeansofEgress
Reentry.Everydoorinastairenclosureservingmorethan5storiesshallbeprovidedwithreentry
unlessitmeetstherequirementsof6.8.3.1.
6.8.3.1 Stairdoorsmaybepermittedtobelockedfromthestair(ingress)sidethatpreventsreentrytothefloor
providedatleasttwofloorsallowingreentrytoaccessanotherexitareprovided,therearenotmore
than4storiesinterveningbetweenreentryfloors,reentryisallowedonthetopornexttotoplevel,re
entrydoorsareidentifiedassuchonthestairside,andlockeddoorsshallbeidentifiedastothenearest
reentryfloors.Whenthedischargefloorisdeterminedtobearequiredreentryfloorusingtheabove
requirements,reentrydoesnothavetobeprovidedbackintothebuildingonthislevel.
Figure6.8.3.1(a).Requiredreentryfloorswhenstartingatthetoplevel.
Figure6.8.3.1(b).Requiredreentryfloorswhenstartingatthenexttotoplevel.
25
Part6MeansofEgress
Figure6.8.3.1(c).Requiredreentryfloorswhenstartingatthetoplevelforseveraldifferentheightbuildings.
Figure6.8.3.1(d).Requiredreentryfloorswhenstartingatthenexttotoplevelforseveraldifferentheight
buildings.
6.8.4
Warehouse.DoorstostoragebuildingsshallbeincompliancewithBNBCPart4Section3.24.2.
6.8.5
Landings.Alandingshallbeprovidedonbothsidesofdoorsusedinthemeansofegress.Doorshallnot
swingoutoverstairs.
26
Part6MeansofEgress
6.9
Stairs.
6.9.1
NewConstruction.NewlyconstructedstairsshallbeincompliancewithBNBCPart3Section1.12.5.
6.9.2
Existing.Existingstairsshallmeettherequirementsofthissubsection.
6.9.2.1 Stairsshallbeofnoncombustibleconstruction.
6.9.2.2 Landings.Landingsshallbeprovidedwithsamewidthinthedirectionofegresstravelasthestairclear
widthshallbeprovidedateachlevelandatintermediatelandings.Existinglandingsthatarelessthanthe
stairwidth,shallreducetheoverallavailablecapacityofthestairascalculatedin6.5.
6.9.2.3 Treads.Stairtreadsshallbeofnominaluniformity.
6.9.2.3.1
Themaximumriserheightforanystairshallbe215mm(8.5in.).
6.9.2.3.2
Anyriserheightatthetoporbottomstepinastairrunexceedingmorethan51mm(2in.)difference
fromtheadjacentriserheightshallbemodifiedtobewithinthistolerance.
6.9.2.3.3
Anyriserheightortreaddepthnotatthetoporbottomstepinastairrunexceedingmorethan25
mm(1in.)differencefromtheadjacentstepshallbemodifiedtobewithinthistolerance.
6.9.2.3.4
Forexistingstairsthatdonotmeetthesetreaddimensionsandwillrequireextensivereworkofthe
stairway,afulldetailedanalysisofthetreaddimensionscanbesubmittedtotheAuthorityforreview
andapprovalofanalternatecorrectiveactionplan.
6.9.2.4 Handrails.Handrailsshallbeprovidedonbothsidesofeachstairway.Intermediatehandrailsshallbe
providedwhenthestairwidthexceeds2.2m(87in.).
6.9.2.5 Guards.Guardsshallbeprovidedinstairsinaccordancewith6.12.2.
6.9.3
Signs.
6.9.3.1 StairdesignationsignsshallbeprovidedateachfloorentrancefromthestairtothefloorinEnglishand
Bengali.Signsshallindicatethenameofthestairandthefloorlevel.Signsshallbepostedadjacentto
thedoor.
6.10
Ramps.
6.10.1
Width.Rampsusedinameansofegressshallnotreducetheoverallmeansofegresswidth.The
minimumwidthshallbe1.1m(44in.).
6.10.2
Slope.Newrampsshallnothavearunningslopegreaterthan1in12(8percent).Existingrampsshall
nothavearunningslopegreaterthan1in8(12.5percent).
6.10.3
Handrails.Rampsshallbeprovidedwithhandrailsonbothsidesoftheramp.
27
Part6MeansofEgress
6.11
ExitSigns.
6.11.1
Location.Lightedexitsignsshallbeplacedatentrancetoanexit.Additionalexitsignsshallbeplaced
throughoutthefacilityanywherethecontinuationoftheegressisnotobvious.
6.11.2
Power.Lightedexitsignsshallbeprovidedwitheitherbatterybackuporemergencypowerandshallbe
continuouslyilluminated.
6.11.3
Directionalsigns.Directionalsignsshallbeprovidedwherethereisachangeinthedirectionforthepath
oftravelandthedirectiontoanexitisnotobvious.
6.12
HandrailsandGuards.
6.12.1
Handrails.
6.12.1.1 Newhandrailsshallhaveaminimumheightof865mm(34in.)andamaximumheightof965mm(38in.)
asmeasuredfromtheleadingedgeofthetread.
6.12.1.2 Existinghandrailsthatarelessthan760mm(30in.)orgreaterthan1100mm(44in.)asmeasuredfrom
theleadingedgeofthetread,shallbereplacedwithhandrailsmeetingtherequirementsof6.12.1.1.
6.12.2
Guards.Guardsshallbeprovidedatallopensidesofmeansofegressthatexceed760mm(30in.)above
thefloororfinishedgroundbelow.
6.12.2.1 Newguardsshallhaveaminimumheightof1067mm(42in.).
6.12.2.2 Existingguardsshallhaveaminimumheightof760mm(30in.).
6.12.2.3 Openguardsshallhaveintermediaterailsorpatternsuchthatasphere200mm(8in.)indiametercannot
passthroughanyopeninguptoaheightof865mm(34in.).
6.12.2.4 Roofs.Alloccupiableroofsshallbeprovidedwithparapetsorguardswithaminimumheightof1067mm
(42in.).
6.13
TravelDistance.
6.13.1
General.TraveldistancetoreachanexitfornewandexistingshallnotexceedthevalueslistedinBNBC
Part4Section3.15.1unlesstherequirementsof6.13.1.1or6.13.1.2canbemet.
6.13.1.1 TraveldistancelimitationsforG2(RMGfactories)shallbeincreasedto60m(200ft)whereacomplete
automaticfiredetectionsystem,portablefireextinguishers,andstandpipesystemareprovidedin
accordancewiththisStandard.
6.13.1.2 TraveldistancelimitationsforG2(RMGfactories)shallbeincreasedto122m(400ft)whereacomplete
automaticsprinklersystem,automaticfirealarmsystem,andportablefireextinguishersareprovidedin
accordancewiththisStandard.
6.13.2
CommonPathofTravel.Thecommonpathofegresstravelshallnotexceed23m(75ft).Wherethe
buildingisprovidedwithacompleteautomaticsprinklersystem,thecommonpathofegresstravelshall
notexceed30m(100ft).ThecommonpathofegresstravelforGroupH(storage)occupancieswithnot
morethan30occupantsshallnotexceed30m(100ft).ThecommonpathofegresstravelforGroupJ
(highhazard)occupanciesshallnotexceed8m(25ft).
28
6.13.3
Part6MeansofEgress
DeadEndCorridor.DeadendcorridorsshallnotexceedthatprovidedinTable6.13.3
Table6.13.3
DeadEndCorridorMaximumLength
Occupancy
Unsprinklered
Sprinklered
B,F,K
20ft
50ft
E
20ft
20ft
G
50ft
50ft
H
50ft
100ft
J
NotAllowed
6.14
ExitEnclosures.
6.14.1
Ratings.Interiorexitstairwaysandrampsshallbeenclosedwithfirebarriersconstructedinaccordance
with4.5.2.
6.14.2
Termination.Interiorexitstairwaysandrampsshallterminateatanexitdischargeexceptwhere
terminatingatanexitpassagewayconstructedinaccordancewith6.15.
6.14.3
Openings.Openingsintoanexitenclosureotherthanunprotectedexteriorwallsshallbelimitedtothose
necessaryforexitaccesstotheenclosure.Innewconstruction,elevatorsshallnotopenintoanexit
enclosure.Openingsfromexitenclosurestostorageareas,basements,transformerrooms,generator
rooms,boilerrooms,andsimilarnormallyunoccupiedspacesshallbeprovidedwithvestibules.
6.14.4
Penetrations.Penetrationsintoandthroughanexitenclosureshallbeprohibitedwiththeexceptionof
requiredexitdoors,sprinklerpiping,standpipes,electricalracewayforfirealarmequipment,and
electricalconduitservingtheexitenclosure.
6.14.5
Exteriorwalls.Exteriorwallsofexitenclosuresshallcomplywith3.9.
6.14.6
Smokeproofenclosures.SmokeproofenclosuresshallbeprovidedfornewstairsasrequiredinBNBC
Part4Section3.13.
6.14.7
Exposures.Wherenonratedwallsorunprotectedopeningsenclosetheexteriorofthestairwayandthe
wallsoropeningsareexposedbyotherpartsofthebuildingatanangleoflessthan180degrees(3.14
rad),thebuildingexteriorwallswithin3050mm(10ft)horizontallyofanonratedwallorunprotected
openingshallhaveafireresistanceratingofnotlessthan1hr.Openingswithinsuchexteriorwallsshall
beprotectedbyopeningprotectiveshavingafireprotectionratingofnotlessthanhr.This
constructionshallextendverticallyfromthegroundtoapoint3050mm(10ft)abovethetopmostlanding
ofthestairwayortotheroofline,whicheverislower.[IBC1022.7]
6.15
ExitPassageways.
6.15.1
Definition.Anexitpassagewayisanexitcomponentthatisseparatedfromotherinteriorspacesofa
buildingorstructurebyfireresistanceratedconstructionandopeningprotectives,andprovidesfora
protectedpathofegressinahorizontaldirectiontotheexitdischargeorthepublicway.
6.15.2
General.Exitpassagewaysshallbeconsideredanextensionofthestairsandshallnotbeusedforany
otherpurpose.
29
Part6MeansofEgress
6.15.3
Construction.Exitpassagewaysshallhavewalls,ceilings,andfloorsthatmeetthesamerating
requirementastheexitthatisbeingservedandshallnotbelessthan1hrfireresistancerated
construction.
6.15.4
Termination.Exitpassagewaysshallterminateatanexitdischarge.
6.16
HorizontalExits.HorizontalexitsshallcomplywiththerequirementsofBNBCPart4Section3.12.
6.17
ExitDischarge
6.17.1
General.Exitsshalldischargedirectlytotheexteriorofthebuildingunlessmeetingtherequirementsof
6.17.3or6.17.3.Theexitdischargeshallbeatgradeorprovidedirectaccesstograde.Exitdischarge
shallnotreenterabuilding.
6.17.2
EgressCourt.Anegresscourtservingasaportionoftheexitdischargeshallbeopentotheskyor
providedwithafireresistanceratedenclosurethesameastheexitenclosure.Egresscourtslessthan
3050mm(10ft)inwidth(asmeasuredfromthebuildingandtheadjacentpropertyline)shallbeprovided
withwallshavinga1hrfireresistanceratedconstructionforadistanceof3050mm(10ft)abovethe
floorofthecourt.
6.17.3
Interiorbuildingexitdischarge.Amaximumof50percentofthenumberandcapacityoftheexit
enclosurescandischargethroughareasonthelevelofexitdischargewhereallofthefollowingaremet:
(1) Automaticsprinklerprotectionisprovidedthroughoutthelevelofexitdischargeorportionofthe
levelofdischargewhereseparatedfromnonsprinkleredportionsofthefloorbyfirebarrierswiththe
samefireresistanceratingastheexitenclosure.
(2) Theinteriordischargeisnotthroughastorageorhazardousoccupancy.
(3) Theentireareaofthelevelofexitdischargeisseparatedfromareasbelowbyconstructionhavinga
fireresistanceratingnotlessthanthatrequiredfortheexitenclosure.
(4) Thewaytotheexteriorshallbefreeandunobstructedandshallbereadilyvisibleandidentifiable
fromthepointofdischargeoftheinteriorexit.
30
Part7BuildingMaterials
7.1
TherequirementsofPart5ofthe2006BNBCareadoptedintheirentirety,withthefollowingadditional
paragraphs.
7.2
Masonrychipaggregateconcrete(MCAC)
7.2.1
Masonrychipaggregateconcreteisallowedinexistingfactorieswiththefollowingadditional
requirements.
7.2.2
Ifthestructuralbuildingassessmentorotherindicationsuggeststhatthatthefactoryincludesstructural
useofMCAC,thenspecialconfirmationofadequacywillberequired,includingthefollowing:
7.2.2.1 Thecompressivestrengthofcolumns,floorframingandshearwallsusingMCACshallbeinvestigatedby
anappropriateprogramofinsitutestingandrepresentativedestructivetestingofcoresamples.
7.2.2.1.1
Alternatively,ifthestructureanditsmainloadbearingelementsdonotshowanysignoflackof
performanceandarefoundtohavereasonablesafetyfactor,asconfirmedbysimplecalculations
thentherequirementofdestructivetestingofcoresamplestoobtaininsitustrengthmaybewaived.
7.2.2.2 IfMCACisusedinanyhorizontalframingelementexposedtorainfallorothersourceofwater(suchas
rooflevelframing),thenthetopsurfaceoftheframingmustbecompletelysealedfromwaterintrusion
byawellmaintainedprotectivecoating.
7.2.2.2.1
Alternatively,ifthestructurehasapositivedrainageslopeofatleast2%anddrainswithdownspouts
atlowspotstopreventponding,thentherequirementforcompletesealingofthetopsurfacemay
bewaived.
7.2.2.3 Ifcolumnsorotherstructuralelementsusingmasonrychipaggregateconcreteareexposedtoweather,
theymustbeprotectedfromexposuretowateranddampness.
7.2.2.4 ThestructuraldesignshallconsidertheeffectsofMCAConreductioninelasticmodulusofconcrete,
coefficientofcreepandcompressivestrengthcomparedtoconcretewithstoneaggregates.
7.2.3
Fornewconstruction,theuseofMCACshallnotbeallowedinthefollowingmembers:
1)Foundation,gradebeamsandcolumnsbelowgradeandincontactwithwaterorground.
2)Structuralmemberincontactwithgroundorwaterorexposedtorainfall.
3)AnypartofRCCframestructureinahighriseconstruction(morethan20mor65ft).
7.3
MinimumConstructionMaterialPropertiesInevaluatingthestructuralcapacityofexistingstructural
elements
7.3.1
Actualmeasuredortestedpropertiesofmaterialsmaybeusedforelementstestedinaccordancewith
ASTMStandards.
7.3.2
Wheretestinghasnotbeenusedtoconfirmactualpropertiesandthereisnosignofstructuraldistressor
deficiencyinthesubjectmember,thefollowingminimumpropertiesmaygenerallybeused,unlessgood
engineeringjudgmentindicateslesserpropertiesshouldbeassumed:
7.3.2.1 Reinforcedconcrete(stonechip)16.5MPa(2370psi)
7.3.2.2 Reinforcedconcrete(masonrychip)14.5MPa(2045psi)
31
7.3.2.3 Reinforcingsteelinstalledpriorto2004:275MPa(40ksi)
7.3.2.4 Reinforcingsteelinstalledfrom2004topresent:415MPa(60ksi)
7.3.2.5 A36Structuralsteel248MPa(36ksi)yieldstrength
7.4
Minimumassumeddensityofreinforcedconcrete23.6kN/m3(150pcf)
32
Part8StructuralDesign
8.1
ApplicabilityofBuildingCode
8.1.1
NewfactoriesshallcomplywiththemorestringentrequirementsofthisStandardandthe2006
BangladeshNationalBuildingCodepluscodeupdatesandjurisdictionalcircularsastheymaybeissued
fromtimetotime.
8.1.2
ExistingfactorybuildingsarethosethatareincurrentuseintheBangladeshRMGindustryatthetimeof
adoptionofthisStandard.
8.1.3
Foranysubstantialexpansionofanexistingfactory,theexpandedportionsandtheentirenewly
configuredfactorystructureshallcomplywiththerequirementsofPart6ofthe2006Bangladesh
NationalBuildingCode.
InterpretiveGuideline:Regardlessofwhenafactorywasconstructed,thestructuralimpactofany
expansionontheentirestructuremustbeanalyticallyevaluatedandconfirmedbyaqualifiedstructural
engineer.
8.1.4
AdditionstoExistingStructures.Whenanexistingbuildingorstructureissubstantiallyextendedor
otherwisealtered,allportionsthereofaffectedbysuchcauseshallbestrengthened,ifnecessary,to
complywiththesafetyandserviceabilityrequirementsprovidedintheBNBC.
8.1.4.1
ThisStandardutilizesthe2006BNBC(modifiedasnotedherein)astheapplicablestandardfornew
factoryconstructionandforallexpansionsormodificationstoexistingfactories.Whenandifanew
BangladeshNationalBuildingCodeisissuedbytheapplicableCodedevelopingbody,itwillbe
adoptedastheapplicabletechnicalstandardfornewfactoriesandallexpansionsormodificationsto
existingfactories.
8.1.4.2
Asubstantialexpansionwillbeinterpretedtomeananynewfloororrooflevelsorhorizontalfloor
additionsorsimilarnewstructure.
8.2
StructuralIntegrityofExistingFactoryBuildings:
8.2.1
Everyexistingfactorybuildingmustdemonstrateaminimumdegreeofstructuralintegrityasconfirmed
byeithercredibleoriginalstructuraldocumentationoraPreliminaryStructuralAssessmentperformedby
anAlliancequalifiedStructuralAssessor.
InterpretiveGuideline:TheintentofSection8.2isthateveryexistingfactorymustevidenceareasonable
levelofstructuralintegrityregardlessofwhenitwasconstructedandregardlessoftheavailabilityof
crediblestructuraldocumentation.Factoriesthatcanproducecrediblestructuraldocumentationthat
indicatesgeneralconformancewith2006BNBCorothercomparableapplicableinternationalmodel
buildingcodemaybefoundtobecompliantwiththisStandard,subjecttofieldassessmentsinaccordance
withtheAllianceAssessmentProtocols.ThisStandardrequirestheanalyticalconfirmationofstructural
capacityofkeygravityandlateralloadbearingelementsfortheactualinsituconditionsinthefactoryby
anAlliancequalifiedAssessororbyanAlliancequalifiedstructuralengineerworkingonbehalfofthe
FactoryOwner.Takenintandemwithacceptableobservedstructuralperformanceoftheoverall
structure,PreliminaryStructuralAssessmentmaybeacceptedasevidenceofareasonablelevelof
structuralintegrity.Forfactorybuildingswithnotedconcernsorunacceptablefindingsfromthe
PreliminaryStructuralAssessment,ahigherlevelofstructuralinvestigation,analysis,andongoing
inspectionsmayberequired.
33
8.2.2
8.2.2.1
Existingfactorybuildingsandcomponentsthereofshallbeassessedtoconfirmdesignadequacyto
supportallloads,includingdeadloadsastheymayoccurandliveloadsastheymaybeimposedonthe
factoryduringitslifetime,withoutexceedingtheallowablestressesordesignstrengthsunderapplicable
factoredloadsandloadcombinationsforthematerialsofconstructioninthestructuralmembersand
connectionsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofBNBC,exceptasspecificallymodifiedinthisStandard.
InterpretiveGuideline:Structuresmusthaveanalyticallydeterminedorempiricallydetermined
structuralcapacitytosupportalltheimposedloadsincludingoccupants,equipment,watertanks,and
storageloadswithoutoverstressingstructuralelements.Wherethemagnitudeofdeadloadsandlive
loadscanbedeterminedwithahighlevelofassurance,theapplicableloadfactorsandload
combinationsmaybereducedasindicatedinthisStandard,subjecttoinfactoryconfirmationofthe
actualloads.Thestructuralcapacityofkeyelementsmustbeconfirmedanddocumentedin
accordancewithacceptedengineeringdesignprocessesbyAlliancequalifiedstructuralengineers.
8.2.3
TheultimatestrengthdesignmethodforreinforcedconcreteelementsandsystemsandtheLoadFactor
designmethodforstructuralsteelstructuresshallbethebasisofassessmentunderthisStandard.
StructuralintegrityofexistingfactoriesmaybeconfirmedbyPreliminaryStructuralAssessmentas
describedinSection8.3.
8.2.4
Serviceability.Structuralframingsystemsandcomponentsshallbedesignedwithadequatestiffnessto
avoidexcessivecracking,deterioration,orunsafeconditionsduetodeflections,vibration,oranyother
serviceabilityshortcomings.
8.2.4.1
8.3
InterpretiveGuideline:Deflections(sagging),rotations(twisting),perceivablevibrations,orother
noticeablemovementsofthestructureshallrequireadditionalstructuralinvestigationasrequiredby
thisStandard.ThisintentofthisStandardistofocusonLifeSafetyconcernsratherthanserviceability.
PreliminaryStructuralAssessmenttoConfirmStructuralIntegrityofExistingFactoryBuildings
InterpretiveGuideline.ItisrecognizedthatmanyBangladeshifactorybuildingswerebuiltbeforeorabsentactive
enforcementofBuildingCoderequirements.Manyofthesefactorieslackbasicdocumentationthatcouldprovide
evidenceofphysicaldesigncharacteristicssuchaselementdimensions,reinforcingandmaterialstrengthswhich
couldbeusedtoreadilyconfirmthestructuralsafetyofthefactories.Recognizingthatabsenceofstructural
documentationdoesnotmakeafactoryunsafe,thisprotocolprovidesamethodologyforFactoryOwnerswholack
appropriatedocumentationtoprovideotheracceptableevidenceofstructuralintegrity.
8.3.1
Thisprotocolisapplicableforfactoriesthat,inthesoleopinionoftheStructuralAssessor,lackcomplete,
original,accurate,andcrediblestructuraldocumentationasdescribedinBNBC2006Part6Section1.9.
8.3.2
ThePreliminaryStructuralAssessmentshallincludethefollowingactivities:
8.3.2.1
Reviewofavailabledocuments,eitheroriginalstructuraldocumentspreparedinaccordancewith
BNBCSection1.9ororasbuiltdocumentspreparedinaccordancewithSection8.20ofthisStandard.
8.3.2.2
Visualassessmentofallstructuralelementsforevidenceofdistress,cracking,orlackofperformance.
8.3.2.3
Visualandanalyticalconfirmationoffloorloadingincompliancewithfloorloadplans.
8.3.2.4
Visualconfirmationofperformanceoffoundations,includingabsenceofsettlementcracking,
excessiveperimeterseparationsorsettlement,orlackoffloorlevelnessattributabletofoundation
settlements.
34
8.3.2.4.1
Inassessingtheloadcapacityadequacyofapilefoundationsystemunderanexistingfactorythathas
performedforatleastfiveyearswithoutindicationsofexcessivesettling,thefactoryofsafetyshall
beatleast1.5.
8.3.2.5
Visualconfirmationofclearandredundantloadpathforlateralloads,includingdiaphragmsand
verticalelements.Visualobservationsshallnoteanyevidenceofapparentcrackingorotherlackof
performanceoflateralsystemsunderpriorlateralloading.
8.3.2.6
Simplestructuralcalculationstoassessthebasiccapacityofstructuralmembers,including:
8.3.2.6.1
Columnsandwallelementsatmostcriticaltiers,includinglowesttier.Verticalelementsshallbe
reviewedformaximumloadcombinationsofforcesduetoaxialandbending.
8.3.2.6.1.1
Unlessconfirmedotherwisebyscanningorotherinvestigations,columnsmaybeassumedtobe
reinforcedwithamaximumof1%steeltimesthegrossplanareaofthecolumn.
8.3.2.6.2
VulnerableorcriticalstructuralelementsidentifiedbyAssessorincludingtransfergirders,hangers,
cantilevers,columnswithhighslendernessratio,flatplatefloors,andfootingswithinadequate
thickness.
8.3.3
ThegeneralpurposeofthePreliminaryStructuralAssessment,andanyfollowupdetailedstructural
assessmentistoanswerthefollowingsevenquestionsintheaffirmative:
(1) Istheverticalloadcarryingsystemlogical?
(2) Isthelateralloadcarryingsystemapparentanddoesithaveredundancy?
(3) Arekeystructuralelementssuchascolumns,slendercolumns,flatplates,andtransferstructures
satisfactory?
(4) Isbuildingperformanceinrespecttofoundationsettlementsatisfactory?
(5) Isthestructurefreefromanyvisiblestructuraldistress(progressivecracking)inmainloadcarrying
members?
(6) Isthestructuralstrengthandperformanceofanyvisibleverticalorhorizontalextensionsacceptable?
(7) Arecrediblestructuraldocumentsavailable?
a. EithercredibleoriginalstructuraldocumentinaccordancewithBNBCSection1.9orasbuilt
documentsinaccordancewithSection8.20willgenerallysuffice.
8.4
ResultsofPreliminaryStructuralAssessmentofExistingFactoryBuildings
8.4.1
IftheAssessordeterminesthattheanswerstothesevenquestionsinSections8.3.3areaffirmative,the
factorymaybefoundtobeacceptablystructurallysafeandcompliantwiththisStandardwithoutfurther
structuralinvestigations,atthediscretionoftheAssessor.
8.4.2
IftheAssessordeterminesthattheanswertooneormoreofthesevenquestionsinSections8.3.3are
negative,theAssessormayrecommendand/orconductmoredetailedstructuralassessment,
investigationsoranalysis.
8.4.3
Ifamoredetailedengineeringassessmentisnottobecarriedout,Assessorsareencouragedtoconduct
insitutestingofmaterialstrengthscoupledwithoutlinecalculations.
8.5
DetailedStructuralAssessmentofExistingFactoryBuildings
8.5.1
AtthesolejudgmentoftheAssessor,theAssessormayconductanddocumentdetailedstructural
assessmentsofmaterialstrengthsandlocationsusingnondestructivemethods(SchmidtHammer,UPV,
ferroscanning,orsimilar)ordestructive(localizedcoringorselectiveremovalofmaterials.)
35
8.5.2
IfthevisualassessmentorthePreliminaryStructuralAssessmentindicatesareasofstructuralconcern,
distressedstructuralmembers,orotherlackofcompliancewiththerequirementsofthisStandard,then
moredetailedstructuralinvestigationshallberequired.
8.5.3
Detailedengineeringassessmentshallbeperformedonanystructuralmemberidentifiedasdistressed.
Thecauseandextentofstructuraldistressshallbeidentifiedbyassessment.Toaccomplishthis,the
FactoryOwnershallengageaqualifiedStructuralEngineeringConsultant(QSEC)thatmeetsthe
qualificationsestablishedbytheAlliancetoprovidestructuraladvisoryservicestoprepareallrequired
designconfirmationandstructuraldocumentation.
8.5.4
Ifrequired,theQSECshallprepareasbuiltstructuraldocumentsasdescribedintheSection8.20.
8.5.5
Ifrequired,theQSECshallprepareFactoryLoadingPlansasdescribedinSection8.10.
8.5.6
Ifrequired,theQSECshallconductanddocumentdetailedstructuralconditionassessmentinaccordance
withtherequirementsofACI437,ASTM2018,orsimilaracceptedengineeringpractice.Thestrengthof
concreteandamountsofreinforcementincolumnsshallbeassessedbySchmidtHammertest,UPV,
and/orcoretestandferroscanning.
8.5.7
Ifrequired,theQSECshallconductadditionaldetailedstructuralconditionassessmentsandinvestigations
todeterminetheadequacyofspecificstructuralelements,distressedstructuralmembers,orother
conditionsidentifiedbytheAssessor.
8.5.7.1
Inthiscase,theQSECshallstateassumptionsregardingstrengthandpropertiesofkeyconstruction
materials.Unlessconfirmedotherwisebytestingofinsituconditionsinaccordancewithapplicable
ASTMtestprocedures,theQSECshalldeterminethematerialpropertiesusingSection7.3.
8.5.7.2
Unlessconfirmedotherwisebyscanningorotherinvestigations,columnsmaybeassumedtobe
reinforcedwithamaximumof1%steeltimesthegrossplanareaofthecolumn.
8.5.8
Theinstallationofmobilephoneantennaeorsimilardishstructuresortowersatopanyexistingfactory
shallbecriticallyexaminedagainstwindinducedforcesasspecifiedbytheBNBCusingnormalload
factors.Ifadetailedstructuralassessmentofthecapacityofthestructuretosupportsuchatower
indicatesthatthefactoryisadverselyaffected,thenthetowershallberemoved.
8.6
RemediationofDeficientorOverloadedStructuralElements
8.6.1
IfthePreliminaryStructuralAssessmentormoredetailedstructuralinvestigationsdeterminethat
structuraldistressinastructuralmemberisduetoinadequatestructuralcapacityunderappliedloads,
theFactoryOwnershalltakeappropriatestepstoremediatetheoverloadbyimplementingoneofthe
followingmethods:
8.6.1.1
Theappliedloadsmaybereducedtoacceptablelevelsifpossiblebyremovalandlimitationof
structure,equipment,utilities,orfloorloading,or
8.6.1.2
Overloadedstructuralelementsmaybestrengthenedusingproperlydesigned,documented,and
installedstrengtheningandretrofit.
8.6.2
AllretrofitsaresubjecttotechnicalreviewbyAssessorpriortoimplementation.
8.6.3
Allinstallationofretrofitshallbeaccomplishedbyspecialtyfirmsexperiencedinthematerialsand
techniquesofstructuralretrofit.SeeSection8.30.
36
8.7
PhasedConstruction.Whenabuildingorstructureisplannedoranticipatedtoundergophased
construction,structuralmembersthereinshallbeinvestigatedanddesignedforanyadditionalstresses
arisingduetosucheffect.
8.7.1
InterpretiveGuideline:Temporaryorpermanentloadsduetoconstructionphasingmustbeanticipated
andanalyticallyconfirmedbyaqualifiedstructuralengineerpriortoanyexpansion.
8.8
RestrictionsonLoading.TheFactoryOwnershallensurethattheliveloadforwhichafloororroofisor
hasbeendesigned,willnotbeexceededduringitsuse.
8.9
FactoryLoadManager:TheFactoryOwnershallensurethatatleastoneindividual,theFactoryLoad
Managerwhoislocatedonsitefulltimeatthefactory,istrainedinthestructuralcapacityandoperational
loadcharacteristicsofthespecificfactory.TheFactoryLoadManagershallserveasanongoingresource
toRMGvendorsandberesponsibletoensurethatthefactoryoperationalloadsdonotatanytime
exceedthefactoryfloorloadinglimitsasdescribedontheFloorLoadingPlans.
8.10
FloorLoadingPlans(LoadPlans).Ineveryfactorybuilding,LoadPlansshallbepreparedforeachfloor.
TheseLoadPlansshalldocumenttheactualmaximumoperationalloadingthatisintendedand/or
allowableoneachfloor.LoadPlansshallincludetheitemsdescribedinSection8.20.4.3.TheLoadPlan
foreachfloorshallbepermanentlyandconspicuouslypostedonthatfloor.LoadPlansaresubjectto
reviewandapprovalbyAllianceAssessors.SampleloadplanisincludedinFigure20.
8.11
FloorLoadMarkingsInareasoffactorybuildingsusedforstorageofworkmaterialsandworkproducts,
walls,columns,andfloorsshallbeclearlymarkedtoindicatetheacceptableloadinglimitsasdescribedin
theLoadPlanforthatfloor.
8.11.1
ForexistingfactorieswithproperlypreparedandpostedFactoryLoadingPlans,therequirementsofBNBC
Part6Section1.4.5forpostingofliveloadsarewaived.
8.11.1.1
InterpretiveGuideline:Alliancesponsoredassessmentswillconfirmclearpostingoffloorliveload
plansandclearmarkingofstorageareas.Inrecognitionthatloadplansarenotcurrentlypreparedor
posted,initialAllianceassessmentswillbefocusedonhelpingtheFactoryOwnerdevelopappropriate
loadplansbasedontheactualdemonstratedfloorcapacityandoperationalutilization.The
responsibilitytoproduceandpostloadplanslieswiththeFactoryOwner.
8.12
LoadFactorsandLoadCombinationsforStructuralAnalysis
8.12.1
Inanalyzingthestructuraladequacyofexistingfactories,theloadfactorsandloadcombinations
describedinTable8.1maybeusedonlyifthedeadandliveloadsareconfirmedbymeasurementas
statedinSection8.13and8.14.
37
Table8.1:AlternateLoadFactorsandLoadCombinations
ReinforcedConcreteStructures
1.2D+1.6L
1.05D+1.25L+1.0W
StructuralSteelStructures
1.2D+1.6Lf+0.5Lr
1.2D+1.3W+0.5Lf+0.5Lr
1.2D+1.5E+0.5Lf
D=DeadLoad
L=LiveLoad
W=WindLoadfromanydirection
E=SeismicLoadfromanydirection
Lr=RoofLiveLoad
Lf=FloorLiveLoad
NOTE:ThisStandardconsidersdaytodayloadingconditionsforassessmentofexistingRMGfactorybuildings
consideringlifesafetyagainstbuildingcollapse.Inthisconsideration,onlyservicelevelwindloadingsare
consideredforreinforcedconcretebuildings.However,assessmentsshouldnoteanykeyseismiccharacteristics
ofbuildingsinthereportincludingirregularities,softstories,andthelike.ForsteelstructurestheBNBC
specifiedloadfactorsareapplicable.
8.13
ConfirmationofActualDeadLoads
8.13.1
AsarequirementtousetheloadfactorsandloadcombinationsstatedinTable8.1,deadloadsshallbe
confirmedbymeasurementasfollows:
8.13.2
Slabthicknessesshallbemeasuredatmidspanofrepresentativeslabspansoneachfloor.
8.13.3
Dimensionsofrepresentativesamplingofbeamsshallbefieldmeasured.
8.13.4
Dimensionsofrepresentativesamplingofcolumnsshallbefieldmeasured.
8.13.5
Constructionmaterialsofwallsshallbeconfirmedbyrepresentativeexploration.
8.13.6
Fixedserviceequipmentandotherpermanentmachinery,suchasgenerators,watertanks,production
equipment,electricalfeedersandothermachinery,heating,ventilatingandairconditioningsystems,lifts
andescalators,plumbingstacksandrisersetc.maybeconsideredasdeadloadwheneversuchequipment
issupportedbystructuralmembersandweightsareconfirmedbymanufacturersdatasheetsprovided
byFactoryOwnerforeachpieceofequipment.
8.14
ConfirmationofActualOperationalLiveLoads
8.14.1
AsarequirementtousetheloadfactorsandloadcombinationsstatedinTable8.1,operationalliveloads
shallbeconfirmedbymeasurementasfollows:
8.14.2
Forstoredworkmaterials,eachtypeofmaterialshallbeweighedandmeasured.
8.14.3
Forstoredworkproducts,eachsizeofboxedorpackagedmaterialshallbeweighedandmeasured.
38
8.14.4
Forothertypesofliveload,confirmationshallbeaccomplishedinthemostappropriatemeansinthe
judgmentoftheAssessor.
8.14.5
Theliveloadsusedforthestructuraldesignoffloors,roofandthesupportingmembersshallbethe
greatestappliedloadsarisingfromtheintendeduseoroccupancyofthebuilding,orfromthestackingof
materialsandtheuseofequipmentandproppingduringconstruction,butshallnotbelessthanthe
minimumdesignliveloadssetoutbytheprovisionsofthissection.Forthedesignofnewstructural
membersforforcesincludingliveloads,requirementsoftherelevantsectionsofChapter1oftheBNBC
shallalsobefulfilled.
8.15
MinimumFloorDesignLoads
8.15.1
Minimumfloordesignliveloadsforthereviewoffactorysewingfloorsshallbe2.0kN/m2(42psf).
8.15.2
Wheredensityofoperations,storageofmaterials,orequipmentweightsrequireliveloadcapacityin
excessof2.0kN/m2(42psf),theFactoryOwnershallengageaqualifiedstructuralengineertoanalytically
confirmthatthestructureachievestheneededloadcapacity.
8.15.2.1
Iftheapproveddesigndocumentsforthefactoryconstructiondonotexplicitlyconfirmthatthe
requiredloadcapacityexists,thenthefloorloadcapacityintheaffectedareasshallbeanalytically
confirmedandcertifiedbyaqualifiedstructuralengineer.
8.15.2.2
Acertificationletterwithaccompanyingplansandcalculationsshallbepreparedinaccordancewith
BNBC1.9orSection8.20andmadeavailableatthefactorysiteforreviewbythirdparties.
8.15.3
Forfloorswithdesignliveloadcapacityoflessthan2.0kN/m2(42psf)(suchasresidentialfloors
convertedtofactoryuse)thefloorliveloadcapacityshallbeclearlyindicatedontheFloorLoadPlans
requiredbySection8.20.
8.15.4
Forareasoffactoryfloorswithactualoperationalliveloadsinexcessof2.0kN/SM,acertificationletter
withaccompanyingplansandcalculationsshallbepreparedinaccordancewithBNBC1.9orSection8.20
andshallbemadeavailableatthefactorysiteforreviewbythirdparties.
8.16
ConfirmationofActualConstructionMaterialProperties
8.16.1
Wherepractical,allpreliminaryanddetailedstructuralassessmentswillpreferablyconsideractualinsitu
materialstrengthsasmeasuredbynondestructiveanddestructivetestinginconformancewith
applicableASTMtestingprotocols.
8.16.2
WherefieldconditionsallowandareacceptableinthejudgmentoftheAssessor,presumedminimum
materialstrengthsandcharacteristicsmaybeusedasstatedinSection7.3.
8.17
DesignforLateralLoads
8.17.1
Everybuilding,structureorportionsthereofshallbedesignedtoresistlateralloadsduetowindin
compliancewiththeforces,LoadFactorsandLoadCombinationsasstatedinBNBC2006Section1.5.3.
8.17.2
Whendeadloads,liveloads,andmaterialpropertiesareconfirmedasdescribedinSections8.13,8.14,
and8.16,andtherearenosignsofdistressduetoloading,thealternativeLoadFactorsandLoad
CombinationsstatedinTable8.1maybeused.
39
8.17.3
Aredundantstructuralsystemwithclearloadpathtofoundationstoresistlateralloadsisrequiredinall
existingfactories.Ifsuchaloadpathdoesnotexist,orifthefactoryhasbeenverticallyexpanded,the
lateralresistingcapacityofthefactoryshallbeanalyticallyconfirmedandstrengthenedasrequiredto
resistlateralloads.
8.17.4
AnyofthelateralloadsprescribedinChapter2ofthe2006BNBC,consideredeitheraloneorin
combinationwithotherforces,whicheverproducesthemostcriticaleffect,shallgovernthedesign.
8.17.4.1
Confirmationofcapacityofreinforcedconcretestructuresandcomponentsthereoftoresistthe
effectsofearthquakeforcesisnotconsideredbythisStandard.
8.17.4.1.1
InterpretiveGuideline:BecausethefocusofthisStandardisfactorysafetyunderdaytodayloads,
seismicloadingsarenotrequiredbythisStandardforreinforcedconcretestructures,thoughtheyare
requiredbytheBNBCandareconsistentwithgoodpractice.
8.17.5
ImportanceFactorImportancefactorforallfactorybuildingsandancillarybuildingsshallbe1.0,unless
hazardousmaterialsarestoredinthebuilding.Inthatcase,theimportancefactorshallbe1.5.
8.18
SeismicBracingofKeyNonStructuralElements
8.18.1
Thefollowingnonstructuralelementssuspendedfrom,attachedto,orrestingatopthestructureshallbe
adequatelyanchoredandbracedtoresistearthquakeforces:
8.18.1.1
Steampipes
8.18.1.2
Gaspipes
8.18.1.3
Chemicalorprocesspipes
8.18.1.4
Storageracks
8.18.1.5
Watertanks
8.18.1.6
Othersuspendedequipmentweighingmorethan1.8kNthatintheopinionoftheAssessorpresents
adangertoworkersinanearthquake.
8.18.2
8.18.2.1
SeismicbracingfornonstructuralelementsshallbedesignedusingtherequirementsofBNBC2.5.8.1.
InterpretiveGuideline:Thisrequirementappliestobothnewandexistingfactories.Itisintendedto
ensurethatfallingnonstructuralelementsinaseismiceventdonotcreatelifesafetyhazardsor
hindrancestobuildingegress.
8.19
RequiredStructuralDocumentationforNewandExistingFactories
8.19.1
Everyfactoryrequiresstructuraldocumentationthataccuratelydescribesthefactorystructure.
8.19.2
Structuraldocumentationshallbemaintainedatthefactorysiteandmadeavailabletothirdparties
assessingthestructuralsafetyofthefactory.
8.19.3
Allstructuraldocumentationshallbepreparedandsignedbythestructuralengineerresponsibleforthe
preparationofthedocuments.
8.19.4
Newfactoriesandanyadditionsorexpansionsshallhavecompletestructuraldocumentationincluding
DesignReportandStructuralDocumentsasdescribedinBNBCSection1.9.
8.19.5
Existingfactoriesshallhaveoneofthefollowingtypesofdocumentation:
40
8.19.5.1
CompleteandcrediblestructuraldocumentationpreparedingeneralaccordancewithBNBCSection
1.9andusedasabasisfortheoriginalconstructionofthefactorybuilding,or
8.19.5.2
AsbuiltstructuraldocumentsthataccuratelydescribethestructuralelementsasdescribedinSection
8.20.
8.19.5.3
InterpretiveGuideline:Itisrecognizedthatfewfactorieshavecompletestructuraldocumentation.It
isnotintendedthattheFactoryOwnerproducecompletestructuraldocumentsafterconstructionis
complete.Inthiscase,asbuiltdocumentswillberequiredfromfieldinvestigationsasoutlinedin
Section8.20.
8.20
RequirementsforAsBuiltDocuments
8.20.1
Forexistingfactoriesthatlackcompleteandcredibledocumentation,credibleasbuiltdocumentation
shallsuffice.AsbuiltdocumentsshallbepreparedinaccordancewithSection8.20.
8.20.2
TheFactoryOwnershallengagetheAssessororaqualifiedstructuralengineer(QSEC)toprepareaccurate
asbuiltdocumentsfromfirsthandknowledgeandpersonalinvestigationoftheactualinsitufactory
constructionandoperationalconditions.
8.20.3
ThecredibilityofstructuraldocumentationshallbedeterminedbytheAssessoronthebasisof
observationsandtestsatthefactory.
8.20.4
Asbuiltdocumentsshallserveasthebasisforanydetailedstructuralanalysisperformedtoconfirmthe
capacityofstructuralelementsandloadplans.
8.20.5
Asbuiltdocumentsshallinclude,ataminimum,thefollowing:
8.20.5.1
ScaledanddimensionedArchitecturalDocuments,including:
8.20.5.1.1
Scaledsiteplanshowing:
(1) generallayoutofallbuildingsinthecomplexwithlabels
(2) locationandnamesofadjacentstreets
(3) locationandsizeofutilities,ifknown
8.20.5.1.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
8.20.5.1.3
Scaledarchitecturalfloorplanforeachlevelofeachbuildingshowing:
locationandsizeofstairs
locationandsizeofelevators
locationoffixedwalls
locationofcorridors
labeledusageareasoneachfloor,e.g.sewing,storage,dining,rooftop,office,etc.
locationofmajormachineryandequipment
generallayoutoffactoryactivities
Scaledelevationsofeachfaadeofthebuildingshowing:
(1) generalconfigurationofthebuilding
(2) locationandtypeoffaadematerials
(3) accuratenumberoflevelsandanyintendedfutureverticalorhorizontalexpansionareas
41
8.20.5.2
ScaledanddimensionedStructuralDocumentsasfollows:
8.20.5.2.1
FloorPlanforeachlevelshowing:
(1) measuredlocationsofcolumnsandwalls
(2) reinforcementdetails(rebarsizeandlayout)foranycolumnsdeterminedusinganyscanningdevice
orphysicalinvestigations.Columnsatlowesttiersandrooftoparemostusefultoexplore.
(3) confirmedconstructiontypeofwalls,e.g.masonryorcastconcrete
(4) generalsizeandlayoutofbeams
(5) thicknessofslabs
(6) generalsizeandlocationofmajorflooropenings
8.20.5.2.2
FoundationPlanshowinggenerallayoutandtypeoffoundations,ifknown
8.20.5.2.3
RoofPlanshowinganyconstruction,equipment,watertanks,ortoweraddedatoprooflevel.
8.20.5.2.4
Buildingsection(s)showingallconstructedfloors,dimensionsbetweenfloors,andintendedfuture
verticalorhorizontalexpansion,ifany.
8.20.5.2.4.1 Buildingsectionsshallindicatelocationandextentofanymezzanines,suspendedstorageareas,or
partialfloors.
8.20.5.3
FactoryLayoutandLoadDocumentsforeveryfloorshowing:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
8.20.5.4
scaledlayoutofworkstations
operatingequipment
dedicatedaislelocations
typeandextentofstorageareas
typeandweightsofstoredworkmaterialsand/orstoredworkproductsatmaximumdensity
Factorylayoutandloadingdocumentsmayusethestructuralplandocumentsasbackground.
FactoryLayoutandLoadPlansshallbecoordinatedwiththestructuralplans.
ExampleoffactorylayoutandloadingdocumentsisincludedinFigure8.20.
42
Figure8.20
8.20.5.5
FactoryEquipmentSchedule,including:
(1) Typeofeachpieceoffactoryequipmentincludinggenerators,washingmachines,driers,etc.
(2) Includeplandimensionsandweightofeachpieceofequipment.
8.21
RequiredStatementofDesignResponsibility
8.21.1
TheFactoryOwnersengagedconsultant(QSEC)shallprovidewrittenevidenceofdesignresponsibility,
includingcalculations,designreport,anddocumentsasappropriate,foreachofthefollowingsituations:
8.21.1.1
Structuralexpansionsormodificationstoexistingfactories
43
8.21.1.2
Structuralinvestigationsordesignconfirmationsofstructuraldistressorsuspecteddeficiencies
8.21.1.3
StructuralstrengtheningorimprovementstocomplywithCoderequirements
8.21.1.4
Structuralrepairsofexistingstructuralelements
8.22
ConstructionObservation
8.22.1
Constructionobservationofallnewconstruction,includingnewfactorybuildings,expansionsofexisting
factorybuildings,andrepairsofexistingfactorybuildings,shallbeperformedbytheQSEC.
8.22.2
Constructionobservationshallinclude,butnotbelimitedto,thefollowing:
8.22.2.1
Specificationofanappropriatetestingandinspectionschedulepreparedandsignedwithdatebythe
responsibleperson;
8.22.2.2
Reviewoftestingandinspectionreports;
8.22.2.3
Regularsitevisitstoverifythegeneralcomplianceoftheconstructionworkwiththestructural
drawingsandspecifications,and
8.22.2.4
Preparationofreportstodocumenttheresultsofobservationsandtesting,includingresolutionof
nonconformingconstruction.
8.22.3
Thequalityandcompletenessofnewconstruction,expansions,alterations,andrepairsmustbe
confirmedbyindependentobservationandtestingduringconstruction.
8.23
NotificationtoAllianceofPlannedModificationstoAllianceaffiliatedFactories.Priortothe
implementationofanysubstantialstructuralexpansion,alteration,orrepairofanexistingfactoryutilized
byAllianceaffiliatedvendor(s),theFactoryOwnershallnotifytheAllianceExecutiveDirectorofhisintent.
8.24
TemporaryConstructionLoadsonExistingFactories.Allloadsrequiredtobesustainedbyanexisting
factorystructureoranyportionthereofduetoplacingorstorageofconstructionmaterialsanderection
equipmentincludingthoseduetooperationofsuchequipmentshallbeconsideredaserectionloads.
8.24.1
Provisionsshallbemadeindesigntoaccountforallstressesduetosuchloads.
8.24.2
Whenanexistingfactorywillbeexpanded,allerectionloadsandotherconstructionloadsshallbe
analyticallyconfirmedanddocumentedbyanAllianceapprovedstructuralengineer.
8.24.2.1
InterpretiveGuideline:Temporaryconstructionloadingsonanexistingfactoryduringanexpansion
orotherconstructionoperationsmustnotbeallowedtoendangerthelifesafetyofbuildingoccupants
throughoverloadingelementsofthefactory.Constructionloadingsmustbeproperlyreviewedand
managed.
8.25
SiteInvestigation
8.25.1
Applicationforconstructionofanewbuildingorstructure,andforthealterationofpermanentstructures
whichrequirechangesinfoundationloadsandtheirdistributionshallbeaccompaniedbyastatement
describingthesoilintheultimatebearingstrata,includingsufficientrecordsanddatatoestablishits
character,natureandloadbearingcapacity.SuchrecordsshallbecertifiedbyanAllianceapproved
structuralengineerinaccordancewithSection8.21.
44
8.25.2
Priortoverticalexpansionofanexistingfactory,anAllianceapprovedstructuralengineer(QSEC)shall
provideanalyticalconfirmationanddocumentationthatthefoundationssupportingthefactoryhave
adequatecapacitytosafetysupporttheadditionalloadsduetotheexpansion.
8.26
DurabilityandMaintenance
8.26.1
FactoryOwnershallattendtoallareasofneededmaintenance,includingareaswithefflorescence,
dampness,andcorrosion.
8.26.1.1
Standingwateronrooftoporotherlocationsshallnotbepermitted.
8.26.1.2
Roofsshallbeslopedtodrainwithminimumdrainageof1%.
8.26.1.3
Drainsshallbeprovidedatlowpoints.
8.26.1.4
Allexposedreinforcement(keptforpossiblefutureexpansion)shallbeprotectedfromweathering
effectandrustbyusingapprovedprotectivecovering.
8.27
QualificationsofTestingLaboratory
8.27.1
Wheretestingofinsitustructuralelementsormaterialsorconstructionmaterialsisrequiredtoconfirm
strengthorothercharacteristics,thistestingshallbeperformedinaccordancewithapplicableASTM
specificationsbyaqualifiedtestinglaboratorythatmeetstherequirementsofSection8.27.
8.27.2
TheTestingLaboratoryshallmeetthebasicrequirementsofASTME329andshallprovidetotheAlliance
evidenceofcurrentaccreditationfromtheAmericanAssociationforLaboratoryAccreditation,the
AASHTOAccreditationProgram,theNISTNationalVoluntaryLaboratoryAccreditationProgram,oran
equivalentBangladeshcertificationprogram.
8.27.3
TheTestingLaboratoryshallbeapprovedbytheBuildingOfficialtoperformSpecialInspectionsandother
testsandinspectionsasoutlinedintheapplicablebuildingcode.
8.27.4
Testsandinspectionsshallbeconductedinaccordancewithspecifiedrequirements,andifnotspecified,
inaccordancewiththeapplicablestandardsoftheAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterialsorother
recognizedandacceptedauthoritiesinthefield.
8.28
QualificationsofWeldingInspectors
8.28.1
InspectorsperformingvisualweldinspectionshallmeettherequirementsofAWSD1.1Section6.1.4.
InspectorsshallhavecurrentcertificationasrequiredbyBangladeshilawandBNBC2006.
8.28.2
Inspectorsperformingnondestructiveexaminationsofweldsotherthanvisualinspection(MT,PT,UT,and
RT)shallmeettherequirementsofAWSD1.1,Section6.14.6.
8.29
RetrofittingofDeficientStructuralElements
8.29.1
Whenastructuralmemberisidentifiedtohaveinadequatestructuralcapacityandtheappliedloadings
cannotorwillnotbereducedtoallowthestructuralmembertobeacceptable,thenstructuralretrofitting
maybeaccomplishedinaccordancewiththissection.
8.29.2
Structuralretrofittingshallbeproperlydesignusingindustrystandardmethods.
8.29.3
Retrofittedelementsmustbestrengthenedtoprovideadequacyunderallimposedandanticipatedloads
usingtheloadfactorsspecifiedinTable8.1.
45
8.29.4
BeamandslabcracksmayberepairedbyepoxyinjectionusingtechniquesprescribedinASTM.
8.29.5
BeamandslabstrengthsmaybesupplementedbyusingproperlydesignedandinstalledFerrocement,
microconcrete,orFRPsolutions.
8.29.6
Standardretrofittechniquessuchasconcretejacketing,microconcreteencasement,FRPwrapping,etc.
maybeusedforstrengtheningofcolumns.
8.29.7
Wherecolumnsarestrengthenedtheloadpaththroughfloorsandjointsmustbecarefully
accommodated.
8.29.8
Columnslendernessmaybereducedbyinstallingproperlydesignedlateralbracingsystems.
8.29.9
Allretrofittingshallbeoverseenbytheresponsibledesignengineer.
8.30
QualificationsofRetrofittingInstallationFirms
8.30.1
Allfirmsusedforinstallationofstructuralretrofittingelementsshallbespecialtyconstructionfirmswitha
minimumoffive(5)yearsofexperienceinthisarea.
8.31
QualificationofQSEC
8.31.1
SubjecttoapprovalbytheAlliance,theminimumqualificationandexperienceofqualifiedstructural
engineeringconsultanttobeengagedbythefactoryownertoundertakefurtherdetailassessmentor
designofremediationworkshallbeasfollows:
1.ShallbegraduateinCivilEngineeringfromarecognizeduniversity.
2.Shallhaveminimum10yearsofstructuraldesignexperience.
3.ShallhaveprofessionallicensetoundertakestructuraldesignofbuildingstructureinBangladeshi.e.
amembershipoftheIEBisrequired
46
Part9ConstructionPracticesandSafety
9.1
FiresafeConstructionpractices.FiresafeconstructionpracticesasoutlinedinNFPA241,shouldbe
followedduringallconstructionprojects.
9.1.1
EscapeFacilities.Inbuildingsunderconstruction,adequateescapefacilitiesshallbemaintainedatall
timesfortheuseofconstructionworkers.Escapefacilitiesshallconsistofdoors,walkways,stairs,ramps,
fireescapes,ladders,orotherapprovedmeansordevicesarrangedinaccordancewiththegeneral
principlesofPart6ofthisStandard.
9.1.2
Waste.Accumulationsofcombustiblewastematerial,dust,anddebrisshallberemovedfromthe
structureanditsimmediatevicinityattheendofeachworkshiftormorefrequentlyasnecessaryforsafe
operations.
9.1.3
ConstructionMaterials.
9.1.3.1 Storageofconstructionmaterialsshallnotbeplacedinanymeansofegressfromanoccupiedbuilding.
9.1.3.2 Transportationofconstructionmaterialsshallnotuseanyrequiredexits,includingstairways,neededfor
safeegressofanoccupiedbuilding.
9.1.4
FireProtectionDuringConstruction.
9.1.4.1 TherequirementsofNFPA241Section8.7shallbefollowedforallconstructionwork.
9.1.5
Automaticsprinklers.Whereautomaticsprinklerprotectionistobeprovided,thebuildingshallnotbe
occupieduntilthesprinklerinstallationhasbeencompletedandtested.
9.1.6
Standpipes.Wherestandpipesarerequired,temporaryorpermanentstandpipeconnectionsshallbe
installedduringconstruction.
9.1.6.1 Thestandpipesshallbesecurelysupported.
9.1.6.2 Atleastonehosevalveshallbeprovidedtoallowconnectionoffiredepartmenthoses.
9.1.6.3 Thestandpipesshallbeextendedupwitheachsuccessivefloorandsecurelycappedatthetop.
9.1.6.4 Tophoseoutletsshallnotbemorethanonelevelbelowthehighestforms,staging,andsimilar
combustiblematerialsatalltimes.
9.1.7
HotWork.AhotworkpermitsysteminaccordancewithNFPA51Bshallbeprovidedforanyconstruction
inanoccupiedfacility.
9.1.7.1 Firewatchpersonnelshallnotbeassignedotherduties.
9.2
Inspections.InspectionsofconstructionactivitiesinoccupiedfacilitiesshallbeperformedbytheFire
SafetyDirectorordesignee.TheseinspectionsshallinsurecompliancewiththisChapter.TheFireSafety
Directorshallbegiventhecontractualauthoritywiththeconstructionteamtostopanyconstructionor
constructionactivitythatcreatesanunsafefirecondition.
9.3
DeletePart7ofthe2006BNBCCodeinItsentirety.SubstitutePart7ofthe2012BNBCCode(draft)inits
entirety.
47
9.3.1
InterpretiveGuidelines:ForthepurposesofthisStandard,theprimaryconcernistheprotectionofthe
existingstructuralintegrityanditsoccupantsduringsubsequentconstruction,especiallywithoverhead
constructiontoverticallyexpandafactory.Thosewhoexpandfactoriesmusttakeextracaretoavoid
structuraloverloadingwithshoringloads,equipmentloads,temporarystackingofmaterials,orbuilding
beyondtheoriginaldesignintent.Inourexperience,thismaybeasignificantconcernasBangladeshi
factoriesareexpanded.Temporarystorageofconstructionmaterials,especiallyhazardousorexplosive
materials,isalsoofconcernandmustbeaddressed.BecausePart7ofthe2012BNBC(draft)includes
numerousimportantmodificationsandimprovementstoPart7ofthe2006BNBC,the2012BNBCis
adopted.
9.4
General.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section1.5.1.Allconstructionincludingextension,alterationand
demolitionshallrequireapermitfromtheAuthority.Permitsshallalsobeobtainedfromrelevant
organizationsforserviceconnectionsandotherfacilities.Theconstructionworkshallconformtotheplan
approvedbytheAuthority.Theownershallmakearrangementsforobtainingtherequiredapprovals.All
newworkoralterationshallbeplanned,designed,supervisedandexecutedbycompetentprofessionals
ofrelevantdiscipline.
9.4.1
WhenexistingAllianceCompliantfactoriesareplannedforexpansion,theAllianceshallbesonotifiedin
advanceofthestartofconstruction.
9.4.2
InterpretiveGuideline:TheAlliancewishestobekeptinformedofmajoralterationstofactoriesusedby
Allianceaffiliatedvendors.Notificationshouldincludefulldocumentsdescribingtheplanned
improvements,includingDesignReportconfirmingthestructuraladequacyoftheexistingfactorytosafely
supportthealteration.Notificationshouldbemadeatleast60daysinadvanceofplannedstartof
construction.
9.5
ProfessionalServicesandResponsibilities.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section1.5.2.Theresponsibilityof
professionalswithregardtoplanningdesigningandsupervisionofbuildingconstructionwork,etc.and
thatoftheownershallbeinaccordancewiththerelevantpartoftheCodeandprofessionalpractice.All
structuralengineersemployedasresponsiblestructuralengineersfornewdesignandfordesign
confirmationsshallbeAlliancequalifiedinaccordancewithSection8.4.Employmentoftrainedworkers
shallbeencouragedforbuildingconstructionactivity.
9.6
ConstructionofallElements.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section1.5.3.Constructionofallelementsofa
buildingshallbeinaccordancewithgoodpractice.Itshallalsobeensuredthattheelementsofstructure
satisfytheappropriatefireresistancerequirementsasspecifiedinPart4FireProtection,andqualityof
buildingmaterials/componentsusedshallbeinaccordancewithPart5BuildingMaterials.
9.7
SafeLoad.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section1.7.10.Nostructure,temporarysupport,scaffolding,
sidewalk,footpathanddraincovers,shed,otherdevicesandconstructionequipmentshallbeloadedin
excessofitssafeworkingcapacity.Wheneverthestructuralqualityorstrengthofscaffoldingplankor
otherconstructionequipmentisindoubt,theseshallbereplacedorbesubjecttoastrengthtesttotwo
andhalftimesthesuperimposedliveload;themembermaybeusedifitsustainsthetestloadwithout
failure.Requirementsof0shallbeobservedregardingdesignloadsinscaffolds.
9.7.1
InterpretiveGuideline:Thestructuralcapacityandsafetyofshoring,formwork,reshoring,and
constructionstorageofmaterialsshouldbeconfirmedbyanAlliancequalifiedstructuralengineer.
48
9.8
GeneralRequirementsandRestrictionsonStorageandHandling.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section
2.1.1.Materialsrequiredinconstructionoperationsshallbestored,andhandledinamannertoprevent
deteriorationanddamagetothematerials,ensuresafetyofworkmeninhandlingoperationsandnon
interferencewithpubliclifeincludingsafetyofpublic,preventionofdamagetopublicpropertyand
naturalenvironment.Materialsshallbestoredandplacedsoasnottoendangerthepublic,theworkers
ortheadjoiningproperty.Materialsshallbestackedonwelldrained,flatandunyieldingsurface.Material
stacksshallnotimposeanyunduestressesonwallsorotherstructures.Materialsshallbeseparated
accordingtokind,sizeandlengthandplacedinneat,orderlypiles.Highpilesshallbestaggeredbackat
suitableintervalsinheight.Pilesofmaterialsshallbearrangedsoastoallowaminimum800mmwide
passagewayinbetweenforinspectionandremoval.Allpassagewaysshallbekeptclearofdryvegetation,
greasysubstanceanddebris.Foranysite,thereshouldbeproperplanningofthelayoutforstackingand
storageofdifferentmaterials,componentsandequipmentwithproperaccessandproper
maneuverabilityofthevehiclescarryingthematerial.Whileplanningthelayout,therequirementsof
variousmaterials,componentsandequipmentatdifferentstagesofconstructionshallbeconsidered.
Stairways,passagewaysandgangwaysshallnotbecomeobstructedbystorageofbuildingmaterials,tools
oraccumulatedrubbish.Materialsstoredatsite,dependingupontheindividualcharacteristics,shallbe
protectedfromatmosphericactions,suchasrain,sun,windsandmoisture,toavoiddeterioration.Special
andspecifiedcareshouldbetakenforinflammableanddestructivechemicalsandexplosiveduring
storage
9.9
ProtectionagainstFire.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section2.1.3.Timber,Bamboo,coal,paintsandsimilar
combustiblematerialsshallbekeptseparatedfromeachother.Aminimumoftwodrychemicalpowder
(DCP)typefireextinguishersshallbeprovidedatbothopenandcoveredlocationswherecombustibleand
flammablematerialsarestored.Flammableliquidslikepetrol,thinneretc.,shallbestoredinconformity
withrelevantregulations.Explosiveslikedetonators,gunpowderetc.shallbestoredinconformitywith
thefireprotectionprovisionssetforthinthisCodesoastoensuredesiresafetyduringstorage.Stacks
shallnotbepiledsohighastomakethemunstableunderfirefightingconditionsandingeneraltheyshall
notbemorethan4.5m(14.8ft.)inheight.
Materialswhicharelikelytobeaffectedbysubsidenceofsoillikeprecastbeams,slabsandtimberofsizes
shallbestoredbyadoptingsuitablemeasurestoensureunyieldingsupports.
9.10
Inflammableand/orFireSensitiveMaterials.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section2.2.4.Materialsunder
thisclassificationshallbestoredwithinfirepreventiveconfines,furnishedwithfirefightingprovisions.
Bucketscontainingsandshallbekeptreadyforuse.A5kgdrypowderfireextinguisherconformingto
acceptedstandardsshallbekeptataneasilyaccessibleposition.Besidestheareasshallbeclosetofire
hydrants.
9.11
FlatRoofConstruction.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section3.6.4.Formworkprovidedforflatconcreteroof
shallbedesignedandconstructedfortheanticipatedloads.Duringtheconstructionoftheroof,the
formworkshallbefrequentlyinspectedfordefects.Enoughwalkingplatformsshallbeprovidedinthe
reinforcementareatofacilitatesafewalkingtotheconcretingarea.Loosewiresandunprotectedrod
endsshallbeavoided.Formworksupportingcastinplacereinforcedandprestressedconcretefloorsand
roofsshallbeadequatelytiedorbracedtogethertowithstandallloadsuntilthenewconstructionhas
attainedtherequiredstrengths.
49
9.12
LoadCapacity.BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section3.8.3.Scaffolds,formworkandcomponentsthereof
shallbecapableofsupportingwithoutfailure,atleasttwotimesthemaximumintendedload.The
followingloadsshallbeusedindesigningtheformwork:
(1) weightofwetconcrete:20kN/m3(127PCF);
(2) liveloadduetoworkmenandimpactoframmingorvibrating:1.54.0kPa(lightdutyforcarpenter
andstonesetters,mediumdutyforbricklayersandplasterers,heavydutyforstonemasons);
(3) allowablebendingstress(flexuraltensilestress)insofttimbers:8,000kPa.
9.12.1
ThesizesforformworkelementsspecifiedinTable7.3.1areapplicableforspansofupto5m(16.4ft.)
andheightofupto4m(13ft.).Incaseoflongerspanandheight,formworkandsupportsizesshallbe
determinedbycalculatingtheloadandapprovedbytheengineerbeforeuse.
9.12.2
Allformworksandscaffoldsshallbestrong,substantialandstable.Allcenteringandpropsshallbe
adequatelybracedtoensurelateralstabilityagainstallconstructionandincidentalloads,especiallyinthe
caseoffloorheightmorethan3.3m(10.8ft.).
9.12.3
Thespaceunderthescaffoldorformworkshallnotbeusedasaworkingorlivingspace.Thespaceshall
notbeusedasashelterorrefugeduringinclementweatheroratanyothertime.
50
Part10BuildingServices(MEP)
10
10.1
General.TherequirementsofPart8ofthe2006BNBC(enacted)areadoptedintheirentiretyexceptas
specificallynotedintheSectionsbelow.
10.2
Definitions.
10.2.1
Instantpowersupply(IPS).Anelectricaldevicethatprovidespowerwhenthemainsupplyfailsto
operate.
10.2.2
Uninterruptiblepowersupply(UPS).Asystemconsistingofastoredenergysource,designedto
continuouslyprovideaclean,conditionedsinusoidalwaveofpowerundernormalconditionsandfora
finiteperiodoftimeuponlossoftheprimarypowersource.
10.3
ElectricalWiringandCabling.
10.3.1
ElectricalConnections.
10.3.1.1 Separatebranchcircuitsshallbeprovidedfortheinstallation,whichneedtobeseparatelycontrolled.
Thesebranchesshouldnotbeaffectedbyfailureofotherbranchcircuits.Thenumberoffinalcircuits
requiredandthepointssuppliedbyanyfinalcircuitsshallcomplywith:
(1) therequirementofovercurrentprotection,
(2) therequirementforisolationandswitching,and
(3) theselectionofcablesandconductors.
10.3.1.2 Separatebranchcircuitsshallbeprovidedfromminiaturecircuitbreaker(MCB)orfusedistribution
boards(FDB)forgenerallightingautomaticandfixedapplianceswithaloadof500wattormoreandplug
receptacles.Eachautomaticorfixedapplianceshallbeservedbyanindividualcircuit.
10.3.1.3 Sizeofwiretobeusedinabranchcircuitshallbeatleastonesizelargerthanthatcomputedfromthe
loadingifthedistancefromtheovercurrentprotectivedevicetothefirstoutletisover15m.
10.3.1.4 Whenthedistancefromtheovercurrentprotectivedevicetothefirstsocketoutletonareceptacle
circuitisover30mtheminimumsizeofwireusedfora15Abranchcircuitshallbe4mm2(7/0.036).
10.3.1.5 Theuseofcommonneutralformorethanonecircuitshallnotbepermitted.
10.3.1.6 Circuitswithmorethanoneoutletshallnotbeloadedinexcessof50%oftheircurrentcarryingcapacity.
10.3.1.7 Connectionsbetweenconductorsandbetweenconductorsandotherequipmentshallprovidedurable
electricalcontinuityandadequatemechanicalstrengthandprotection.
10.3.2
Wiring.
10.3.2.1 Fornewandexistingconstruction,surface/exposedwiringshallberuneitherhorizontallyorvertically,
andneveratanangle.Battensonceilingshallberunparalleltotheedgesineitherorthogonaldirection,
andnotatanangle.
10.3.2.2 Fornewandexistingconstruction,incaseofconcealedwiring,thewiresshallbeencasedinmetallic(GI)
ornonmetallic(PVC)conduitsthatareburiedinrooforfloorconcreteandinbrick/concretewall.The
conduitsinthewallsshallberunhorizontallyorvertically,andnotatanangle.Conduitsinconcreteslabs
shallbeplacedatthecentreofthicknessandsupportedduringcastingbymortarblocksor'chairs'made
ofsteelbareoranyotherapprovedmeans.Allconduitsshallbecontinuousthroughouttheirlengths.
51
10.3.2.3 Undergroundcablesforelectricaldistributioninthepremises/garden/compoundofthebuildingshallbe
encasedinGIorPVCpipesandlaidinearthtrenchesof600mm(24in,).Armoredcablesneednotbe
encasedinconduitexceptforcrossingsunderroad,footpath,walkwayorfloors.
10.3.2.4 Wiringforconnectionstomachinesshallbecarriedinsteelpipesorcabletrayhungfromtheceilingorin
concreteorsteelcabletrayrunningoverthefloor.
10.3.3
WiringforLighting.
10.3.3.1 Theuseoffittingswireshallnormallyberestrictedtotheinternalwiringofthelighting.Whenthefittings
wireisusedaswiringforthefittingsthesubcircuitloadshallterminateinaceilingroseorboxwith
connectors,fromwhichtheyshallbecarriedintothefittings.
10.3.4
ExternalInfluences.
10.3.4.1 Ambienttemperature.Wiringsystemcomponentsincludingcablesandwiringaccessoriesshallbe
installedorhandledonlyattemperatureswithinthelimitsstatedintherelevantproductspecificationor
asgivenbythemanufacturers.
10.3.4.2 Externalheatsources.Inordertoavoidtheeffectsofheatfromexternalsourcesoneofthefollowing
methodsshallbeusedtoprotectwiringsystems:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
shielding;
placing900mm(36in.)fromthesourceofheat;
selectingasystemwithdueregardfortheadditionaltemperaturerisewhichmayoccur;
localreinforcementorsubstitutionofinsulatingmaterial.
10.3.4.3 Presenceofwater.Wiringsystemsshallbeselectedanderectedsothatnodamageiscausedbythe
ingressofwater.ThecompletedwiringsystemshallcomplywiththeIPdegreeofprotectionrelevantto
theparticularlocation.
10.3.5
SelectionandErectiontoMinimizetheSpreadofFire.
10.3.5.1 Theriskofspreadoffireshallbeminimizedbytheselectionofappropriatematerialsanderection.
10.3.5.2 Wiringsystemsshallbeinstalledsothatthegeneralbuildingstructuralperformanceandfiresafetyare
notreduced.
10.3.5.3 Cablesnotcomplying,asaminimum,withtheflamepropagationrequirements,ifused,belimitedto
shortlengthsforconnectionofappliancestopermanentwiringsystemsandshallinanyeventnotpass
fromonefiresegregatedcompartmenttoanother.
10.3.5.4 Partsofwiringsystemsotherthancableswhichdonotcomply,asaminimum,withtheflamepropagation
requirementsbutwhichcomplyinallotherrespectswithstandardsforwiringsystemsshall,ifused,be
completelyenclosedinsuitablenoncombustiblebuildingmaterials.
10.3.5.5 ConduitsandConduitFitting.Nonmetallicconduitsandconduitfillingsshallbeofheavywallwater
gradetype.Allbendsshallbelargeradiusbends.Thecrosssectionoftheconduitshallremaincircularat
thebendandtheinternaldiametershallnotbereduced.PVCpipefittingsshallbesealedwithPVC
solventcementorbyusingglueorgumpasteofapprovedquality.Conduitsinstalledinfloorsshallhavea
slopeofatleast1:1000towardsfloormountedpoolboxorcableduct.
52
10.3.5.6 SocketandPlug.
10.3.5.6.1
Each15/20Asocketoutletforairconditioner,watercooler,etc.shallbeprovidedwithitsown
individualfusewithsuitablediscriminationwithbackupfuseorminiaturecircuitbreaker(MCB)inthe
distribution/subdistributionboard.Thesocketoutletneednotnecessarilyembodythefuseasan
integralpartofit.
10.3.5.6.2
Eachsocketoutletshallalsobecontrolledbyaswitchwhichshouldnormallybelocatedimmediately
adjacenttheretoorcombinedtherewith.
10.3.5.6.3
Thecopperearthwirefor5Asocketoutletsshallnotbesmallerinsizethan14SWGandthephase
wiretothesocketoutletshallbethroughtheswitch.
10.3.6
LightingFittings.
10.3.6.1 Inindustrialpremiseslightingfittingsshallbesupportedbysuitablepipe/conduits,bracketsfabricated
fromstructuralsteel,steelchainsorsimilarmaterialsdependinguponthetypeandweightofthefittings.
10.3.6.2 Noflammableshadeshallformpartoflightingfittingunlesssuchshadeinsuchshadeiswellprotected
againstallrisksoffire.Celluloidshadeorlightingfittingshallnotbeusedunderanycircumstances.
10.3.7
LayoutandInstallationDrawings.
10.3.7.1 Fornewconstruction,anelectricallayoutdrawingshallbepreparedafterproperlocationsofalloutlets
forlamps,fans,fixedandtransportableappliances,motorsetc.havebeenselected.
10.3.7.2 Fornewconstruction,powerandheatingsubcircuitsshallbekeptseparateanddistinctfromlightingand
fansubcircuit.Alltypesofwiringwhetherconcealedorsurfaceshallbeasneartheceilingaspossible.
10.3.7.3 Circuitsin3phaseinstallationsshallbebalanced.
10.3.7.4 Conductorsshallbesoenclosedinearthedmetalorincombustibleinsulatingmaterialssothatitisnot
possibletohavereadyaccessestothemunlessthepointsbetweenwhichavoltageexceeding240volts
maybepresentare2mormoreapart.Incasesuchpointsarekeptapartthemeansofaccessshallbe
markedtoindicatethevoltagepresent.
10.3.7.5 Whereterminalsorotherfixedlivepartsbetweenwhichavoltageexceeding240Vexistsarehousedin
separateenclosuresoritemsofapparatuswhichalthoughseparatedarewithinreachofeachothera
noticeshallbeplacedinsuchapositionthatanyonegainingaccesstolivepartsiswarnedofthe
magnitudeofthevoltagethatexistsbetweenthem.
10.3.7.6 Fornewconstruction,layoutdrawingsshallindicatetherelevantcivilandmechanicaldetails.
10.3.7.7 Forexistingbuildings,aSingleLineDiagram(SLD)shallbemaintainedandcontinuouslyupdatedtoreflect
asbuiltconditions.TheSLDshallshowacorrectpowerdistributionpathfromtheincomingpowersource
toswitchgear,switchboards,panelboards,MCCs,fuses,circuitbreakers,automatictransferswitches,and
continuouscurrentratings.
53
10.3.8
ConductorandCables.
10.3.8.1 Conductors.
10.3.8.1.1
Conductorsshallbeofcopperoraluminum.
10.3.8.1.2
Conductorsforpowerandlightingcircuitsshallbeofadequatesizetocarrythedesignedcircuitload
withoutexceedingthepermissiblethermallimitsfortheinsulation.
10.3.8.1.3
Phaseandneutralwiresshallbeofthesamesize.
10.3.8.1.4
Fornewandexistingconstruction,conductorsforpowerdistributionshallbeproperlyidentifiedin
ordertoeasilydistinguishtheneutral,line,andearthconductors.Meansofidentificationshallbe
throughtheuseofcoloredinsulationorcoloredplasticvinyltape.
10.3.8.2 FlexibleCablesandFlexibleCords.Flexiblecableorcordsshallnotbeusedasfixedwiringunless
containedinanenclosureaffordingmechanicalprotection.Flexiblecordsmaybeusedforconnectionsto
portableequipment.
10.3.8.3 CableEnds.Allstrandedconductorshavingnominalcrosssectionalarea6mm2andaboveshallbe
providedwithcablesockets.Forstrandedconductorsofcrosssectionalareabelow6mm2andnot
providedwithcablesockets,allstrandsattheexposedendsofthecableshallbesolderedtogetheror
crimpedusingsuitablesleeveorferrules.
10.3.8.4 CableJoints.Cablejointsaretoberealizedthroughporcelain/PVCconnectorswithPIBtapewound
aroundbeforeplacingthecableinthebox.
10.3.8.5 ExpansionJoints.Conduitsshallnotnormallybeallowedtocrossexpansionjointsinabuilding.Where
suchcrossingisfoundtobeunavoidablespecialcaremustbetakentoensurethatconduitrunsandwring
arenotinanywayputtostrainorarenotdamagedduetoexpansion/contractionofthebuilding
structure.
10.3.9
SubdistributionBoards.
10.3.9.1 Enclosures.
10.3.9.1.1
Subdistributionboardsshallbelocatedascloseaspossibletotheelectricalloadcenters.
10.3.9.1.2
Enclosuresforsubdistributionboardslocatedinsidethebuildingshallbedustproofandvermin
proofusingsheetsteelfabricationofaminimumthicknessof20SWG.Alllivepartsmustbe
concealedbyanoncombustiblematerial.Theboardsshallbesafeinoperationandsafeagainst
spreadoffireduetoshortcircuit.
10.3.9.1.3
BNBCTable8.2.7providesrecommendedsizesofenclosuresforsubdistributionboardscontaining
miniaturecircuitbreakersorfuses.
10.3.9.1.4
Everycircuitshallbelegiblyidentifiedastoitsclear,evident,andspecificpurposeoruse.Spare
positionsthatcontainunusedovercurrentdevicesorswitchesshallbedescribedaccordingly.The
identificationshallincludeacircuitdirectorythatislocatedonthefaceorinsideofthepaneldoor.
Circuitsusedforthesamepurposemustbeidentifiedbytheirlocation.
54
BNBCTable8.2.7
RecommendedEnclosureSizesforMCB'sandFuses
Dimensions(mm)
No.ofMCB'sorFuses
Height
Width
Depth
350
390
120
upto12
480
390
120
upto24
610
390
120
upto36
740
390
120
upto48
10.3.9.2 WiringofSubdistributionBoards.
10.3.9.2.1
Fornewconstruction,inwiringasubdistributionboard,totalloadoftheconsumingdevicesshallbe
distributedasfaraspossibleevenlybetweenthenumbersofwaysoftheboardleavingthespare
way(s)forfutureextension.
10.3.9.2.2
Cablesshallbeconnectedtoterminalsonlybysolderedorweldedlugs,unlesstheterminalareof
suchformthatitispossibletosecurelyclampthemwithoutcuttingawaythecablestrands.
10.3.10 ServiceEntry.
10.3.10.1
Overheadserviceconnectiontoabuildingshallbeachievedwithcoveredconductor.The
overheadserviceconnectionshallbeledintobuildingsviaroofpolesorservicemastsmadeofGIpipe
havingagooseneckbendatthetopandinstalledontheouterwall.
10.3.10.2
Undergroundservicecablesshallbelaidinconformitywiththerequirementsofwiringof
concealedwiring.
10.3.10.3
Powerandtelecommunicationorantennacablesshallbeledinseparately.
10.4
ElectricalServiceShaftandBusDuct.
10.4.1
ServiceShaft.
10.4.1.1 Buildingsoversixstoryor20m(65ft)highshallhaveaminimumofoneverticesverticalshaftof200mm
x400mmsizeforevery1500m2floorareas.
10.4.1.2 Freeandeasyaccesstotheelectricalshaftroomineachfloormustbeavailableforoperation,
maintenanceandemergencyshutdowns.
10.4.1.3 Fornewconstruction,verticalcablesotherthanelectricalcablesshallbeplacedatasufficientdistance
fromthenearestelectricalcable.Averticalseparatingbrickwallbetweenelectricalandnonelectricalwall
ispreferable.
55
10.4.1.4 Fornewconstruction,verticalserviceshaftforelectricalrisersmustnotbeplacedadjacenttothesanitary
shafts.Theyshouldbeplacedatsignificantseparationinordertoensurethattheverticalserviceshaftfor
electricalrisersremainsabsolutelydry.
10.4.2
BusDuct.
10.4.2.1 Busductsshouldbeusedforexposedworkorwhereconcealingisnotofapermanentnature.Thebus
ductshallbelaidwithminimumnumbersofbendsfordistributionsystem.Typicalratingoffeederbus
ductsfor3phase,3wireor4wiresystemshallrangefrom200amperesto3000amperes.Concrete
horizontalductsofsuitablesizeshallbeprovidedalongtheroadsforagroupofbuildingstobefedbya
singlesubstation.
10.4.2.2 Floorsoftheductareashallbeconstructedinsuchawaysothattheemptyspaceafterputtingthe
cables/busbartrunking/pipes/conduitsinpositiontheremainingopenspaceisfilledupwithRCCslab(s)
oranyothernoninflammablematerialsothatfireormoltenPVCcannotfallfromonefloortothenext
lowerfloor(s).Forthispurposearrangementsneedtobemadeduringthemainfloorcasting.
10.4.2.3 Componentsofthebusductshallbeverminanddampproofandallopeningsshallbesealedwithnon
combustiblematerials.
10.4.3
SealingofShaftandDuct.
10.4.3.1 Whereawiringsystempassesthroughelementsofbuildingconstructionsuchasfloors,walls,roofs,
ceilings,partitionsorcavitybarriers,theopeningsremainingafterpassageofthewiringsystemshallbe
sealedaccordingtothedegreeoffireresistanceprescribedfortherespectiveelementofbuilding
constructionbeforepenetration.
10.4.3.2 Wiringsystemswhichpenetrateelementsofbuildingconstructionhavingspecifiedfireresistanceshallbe
internallysealedtothedegreeoffireresistanceoftherespectiveelementbeforepenetrationaswellas
beingexternallysealed.
10.5
ElectricalSubstation.
10.5.1
General.
10.5.1.1 NecessityandcapacityoftheelectricalsubstationshallbesetbyregulationsintheElectricityActorbytherelevant
electricalutilities.
10.5.1.2 Fornewconstruction,toarriveatthecapacityofthesubstationrequired,aloadfactorof70%shallbe
appliedtotheestimatedloadofthebuilding,unlessfutureexpansionrequirementsdictatethatahigher
figurebeconsidered.
10.5.2
SubstationLocation.
10.5.2.1 Fornewconstruction,thesubstationshallbeinstalledonthelowestfloorlevel.Locationofsubstationin
thebasementfloorshouldbeavoided.Directaccessfromthestreetforinstallationorremovalofthe
equipmentshallbeprovided.
10.5.2.2 Thefloorlevelofthesubstationorswitchroomshallbeabovethehighestfloodlevelofthelocality.
Suitablearrangementsshouldexisttopreventtheentranceofstormorfloodwaterintothesubstation
area.
56
10.5.2.3 Fornewconstruction,incaseofbuildingcomplex,oragroupofbuildingsbelongingtothesame
organization,thesubstationshouldpreferablybelocatedinaseparatebuildingandshouldbeadjacentto
thegeneratorroom,ifany.
10.5.2.4 Fornewconstruction,incasetheelectricsubstationhastobelocatedwithinthemainbuildingfor
unavoidablereasons,itshouldbelocatedongroundfloor.
10.5.2.5 Fortransformershavinglargeoilcontent(morethan2000liters),soakpitsaretobeprovided.
10.5.2.6 Fornewconstruction,theminimumheightofthesubstationroomshallbe3.6m(12ft).Theminimum
arearequiredforsubstationandtransformerroomsfordifferentcapacitiesaregiveninBNBCTable8.2.8.
10.5.2.7 Forexistingconstruction,sufficientaccessandworkingspacetopermitsafeoperationandmaintenance
oftheequipmentwithinthesubstationshallbenolessthan1.07m(3ft6in).
BNBCTable8.2.8
AreaRequiredforTransformerRoomandSubstationforDifferentCapacities
Capacityof
Transformer
TransformerRoomArea
TotalSubstationArea(withHT,LTPanels&
TransformerRoombutwithoutGenerators)
(m2)
(m2)
(kVA)
1x150
12
42
1x250
13
45
2x250
26
90
1x400
13
45
2x400
26
90
3x400
39
135
2x630
26
90
3x630
39
135
2x1000
26
90
3x1000
39
135
10.5.3
LayoutofSubstation.
10.5.3.1 Fornewconstruction,thelayoutofthesubstationshallbeinaccordanceofthepowerflow,i.e.from
utilitynetworktoHTroom,thentotransformerandfinallytothelowvoltageswitchgearroom.In
general,thesubstationHTtoLTTransformershallbeplacedinonecorneroftheroomsothattheHTside
remainsawayfromthepassageofthepersons.
10.5.3.2 Fornewconstruction,theHTmeteringpanelshallbelocatedneartheexteriorofthesubstationroom
neartheexitgateandalsoshallbeconvenientfortheHTcableentry.
10.5.3.3 Fornewconstruction,theHTPanelshallbelocatedneartheexterior,justafteroradjacenttotheHT
panel.
57
10.5.3.4 Fornewconstruction,LTPanelshallremainatasufficientdistancefromthetransformerbutnottoofar
awayfromthetransformer.ThelocationoftheLTpanelshouldsuchthattherisermaincablecanhave
theirwayupwardoroutwardwithinveryshortdistance.
10.5.3.5 Fornewandexistingconstruction,alltheroomsshallbeprovidedwithpartitionsuptotheceilingand
shallhaveproperventilation.Transformerroomsshallhaveproperventilationandwherenecessary
louversatlowerlevelandexhaustfansathigherlevelshallbeprovidedatsuitablelocationsinsuchaway
thatcrossventilationismaintained.
10.5.3.6 Fornewandexistingconstruction,arrangementshallbemadetopreventstormwaterenteringthe
transformerandswitchroomsthroughthesoakpits,iffloorlevelofthesubstationislow.
10.6
EquipmentandAccessories.
10.6.1
HighvoltageSwitchgear.
10.6.1.1 Fornewconstruction,banksofswitchgearsshallbesegregatedfromeachotherbymeansoffireresistant
barriersinordertopreventtheriskofdamagebyfireorexplosionarisingfromswitchfailure.Where3
bussectionswitchisinstalled,itshallalsobesegregatedfromadjoiningbanksinthesameway.
10.6.1.2 Fornewconstruction,inthecaseofduplicateorringmainsupply,switcheswithinterlockingarrangement
shallbeprovidedtopreventsimultaneousswitchingoftwodifferentsupplysources.
10.6.2
LowvoltageSwitchgear.
10.6.2.1 Switchgearandfusegearmusthaveadequatebreakingcapacityinrelationtothecapacityofthe
transformers.
10.6.2.2 Fornewandexistingconstruction,isolationandprotectionofoutgoingcircuitsformingthemain
distributionsystemmaybeeffectedbymeansofcircuitbreakers,orfusesorswitchfuseunits,mounted
onthemainswitchboard,thechoicebetweenalternativetypesofequipmentwilltakethefollowing
pointsintoconsideration:
(1) Incertaininstallationssuppliedwithelectricpowerfromremotetransformersubstations,itmaybe
necessarytoprotectmaincircuitswithcircuitbreakersoperatedbyearthleakagetripsinorderto
ensureeffectiveearthfaultprotection.
(2) Wherelargeelectricmotors,furnacesorotherheavyelectricalequipmentareinstalled,themain
circuitsshallbeprotectedbymetalcladcircuitbreakersorconductorsfittedwithsuitable
instantaneousandtimedelayovercurrentdevicestogetherwithearthleakageandbackup
protectionwherenecessary.
(3) Ininstallationsotherthanthosementionedaboveorwhereoverloadingofcircuitsmaybe
consideredunlikely,HRCtypefuseswillnormallyaffordadequateprotectionformaincircuits
separatelyasrequired;thefusesshallbemountedinswitchfuseunitorwithswitchesformingpart
ofthemainswitchboards.
(4) Whereitisnecessarytoprovidesuitableconnectionforpowerfactorimprovementcapacitorsatthe
substationbus,suitablecapacitorsshallbeselectedinconsultationwiththecapacitorandswitchgear
manufacturerandnecessaryswitchgear/feedercircuitbreakershallbeprovidedforcontrollingthe
capacitorbank(s).
10.6.3
Transformers.
10.6.3.1 Fornewconstruction,inmostcasesoiltypenaturalcooledtransformermaybeusedforsubstationsif
adequatespaceisavailabletoaccommodatethetransformer.
58
10.6.3.2 Fornewconstruction,drytypetransformershouldbeinstalledwhereriskofspreadingoffireishighand
whereflammablematerialsaretobekeptaroundthesubstation.
10.6.3.3 LightingsystemsshallnotbeinstalledinamannerwherethelightfixtureissupportedbytheFalse/Lay
inCeilingGridsystem.LightFixturesshallbeindependentlysupportedfromthestructureandseismic
bracingshallbeinstalledasrequired.
10.6.3.4 Fornewconstruction,wheretwoormoretransformersaretobeinstalledinasubstationtosupplya
mediumvoltagedistributionsystem,thedistributionsystemshallbedividedintoseparatesectionseach
ofwhichshallnormallybefedfromonetransformeronlyunlessthemediumvoltageswitchgearhasthe
requisiteshortcircuitcapacity,provisionmaybemadetointerconnectseparatesectionsthroughbus
couplerstocaterforthefailureordisconnectionofonetransformer.
10.6.3.5 Fornewconstruction,thetransformersthatatanytimeoperateinparallelshallbesoselectedastoshare
theloadinproportiontotheirrespectiveratings.
10.6.3.6 Fornewconstruction,whenastepuptransformerisused,alinkedswitchshallbeprovidedfor
disconnectingthetransformerfromallpolesofthesupply,includingtheneutralconductor.
10.6.4
RotatingMachines.
10.6.4.1 Allequipmentincludingcablesofeverycircuitcarryingthestarting,acceleratingandloadcurrentsof
motorsshallbesuitableforacurrentatleastequaltothefullloadcurrentratingofthemotor.Whenthe
motorisintendedforintermittentdutyandfrequentstoppingandstarting,accountshallbetakenofany
cumulativeeffectsofthestartingperiodsuponthetemperatureriseoftheequipmentofthecircuit.
10.6.4.2 Theratingofcircuitsupplyingtherotorsthroughslipringorcommutatorofinductionmotorsshallbe
suitableforboththestartingandloadedconditions.Everyelectricmotorhavingaratingexceeding
0.376kWshallbeprovidedwithcontrolequipmentincorporatingmeansofprotectionagainst
overcurrent.
10.6.4.3 Everymotorshallbeprovidedwithmeanstopreventautomaticrestartingafterastoppageduetodropin
voltageorfailure.Thisrequirementdoesnotapplytoanyspecialcaseswherethefailureofthemotorto
startafterabriefinterruptionofthesupplywouldbelikelytocausegreaterdanger.Italsodoesnot
precludearrangementsforstartingamotoratintervalsbyanautomaticcontroldevicewhereother
adequateprecautionsaretakenagainstdangerfromunexpectedrestarting.
10.6.4.4 Theframeofeverystationarymotorshallbeconnectedwithearth.
10.6.5
Cables.
10.6.5.1 Fornewconstruction,theadviceofthecablemanufacturerwithregardtoinstallation,jointingandsealingshallbe
followed.
10.6.5.2 TheHTcablesshalleitherbelaidoncableracksorinbuiltupconcretetrenches/tunnel/basementordirectlyburied
intheground.Standardcablelayingtechniquesshallbeused.
10.6.5.3 MethodsofinstallationofcablesandconductorsincommonuseasspecifiedinBNBCTable8.2.10shallbefollowed.
59
10.7
MainSwitch,SwitchboardsAndMetalCladSwitchgear.
10.7.1
MainSwitch,Switchboards.
10.7.1.1 Allmainswitchesshallbeeitherofmetalcladenclosedpatternsorofanyinsulatedenclosedpatternand
theswitchesshallbefixedatcloseproximitytothepointofentryofsupply.
10.7.1.2 Thewiringthroughouttheinstallationshallbesuchthatthereisnobreakintheneutralwireintheforma
switchorfuseunitorotherwise.
10.7.1.3 Thelocationofthemainboardshallbesuchthatitiseasilyaccessibleforfiremenandotherpersonnelto
quicklydisconnectthesupplyincaseofemergencies.
10.7.1.4 Opentypeswitchboardsarenotallowed.
10.7.1.5 Indampsituationorwhereinflammableorexplosivedust,vapororgasislikelytobepresent,the
switchboardshallbetotallyenclosedormadeflameproofasmaybenecessitatedbytheparticular
circumstances.
10.7.1.6 Switchboardsshallnotbeerectedabovegasstovesorsinksorwithin2.5m(8ft)ofanywashingunitin
thewashingroomsorlaundries.
10.7.1.7 Incaseofswitchboardsbeingunavoidableinplaceslikelytobeexposedtoweather,todriporin
abnormallymoistatmosphere,theoutercasingshallbeweatherproofandshallbeprovidedwithglands
orbushingsoradaptedtoreceivescrewedconduit.
10.7.1.8 Adequateilluminationshallbeprovidedforallworkingspacesabouttheswitchboardswheninstalled
indoors.
10.7.1.9 Allmetalcasingsormetalliccoveringscontainingorprotectinganyelectricalsupplylineorapparatusshall
beconnectedwithearth.
10.7.1.10
10.7.2
Thereshallbeadistanceof1m(39in.)clearinfrontoftheswitchboardsandswitchgear.
MetalCladSwitchgear.
10.7.2.1 Metalcladswitchgearshallbemountedonhingedtypemetalboardsorfixedtypemetalboards.
10.7.2.2 Hingedtypemetalboardsshallconsistofaboxmadeofsheetmetalnotlessthan2mmthickandshallbe
providedwithahingedcovertoenabletheboardtoswingopenforexaminationofthewiringattheback.
Thejointsshallbewelded.Theboardshallbesecurelyfixedtothewallbymeansofragboltplugsand
shallbeprovidedwithlockingarrangementandearthingstud.Allwirespassingthoughthemetalboard
shallbeprotectedbyarubberbushattheentryhole.Theearthstudshouldbecommensuratewiththe
sizeoftheearthlead(s).
10.7.2.3 Fixedtypemetalboardsshallconsistofanangleorchannelsteelframefixedonthewallatthetop,if
necessary.
10.7.2.4 Thereshallbeadistanceof1m(39in.)clearinfrontoftheswitchboardsandswitchgear.
10.7.3
LocationofDistributionBoards.
10.7.3.1 Fornewconstruction,thedistributionfuseboardsshallbelocatedasnearaspossibletothecenterofthe
loadtheyareintendedtocontrol.
60
10.7.3.2 Theyshallbefixedonsuitablestanchionorwallandshallbeaccessibleforreplacementoffuses,and
shallnotbemorethan2m(6.5ft)fromfloorlevel.
10.7.3.3 Fornewandexistingconstructiondistributionpanelsshallbeeithermetalcladtype,orallinsulatedtype.
Butifexposedtoweatherordampsituations,theyshallbeoftheweatherprooftypeandifinstalled
whereexposedtoexplosivedust,vapororgas,theyshallbeofflameprooftype.Incorrosive
atmospherestheyshallbetreatedwithanticorrosivepreservativeorcoveredwithsuitableplastic
compounds.
10.7.3.4 Wheretwoofmoredistributionfuseboardsfeedinglowvoltagecircuitsarefedfromasupplyofmedium
voltage,thesedistributionboardsshallbe:
(1) fixednotlessthan2mapart,or
(2) arrangedsothatitisnotpossibletoopentwoatatime,namelythey,areinterlocked,andthemetal
caseismarked"Danger400Volts"andidentifiedwithproperphasemarkinganddangermarks,or
(3) installedinroomsorenclosuresaccessibletoauthorizedpersonsonly.
10.7.3.5 Alldistributionboardsshallbemarked"Lighting"or"Power",asthecasemaybe,andalsobemarked
withthevoltageandnumberofphasesofthesupply.Eachshallbeprovidedwithacircuitlistgiving
diagramofeachcircuitwhichitcontrolsandthecurrentratingforthecircuitandsizeoffuseelement.
10.7.3.6 Thereshallbeadistanceof1m(39in.)clearinfrontofthedistributionpanels.
10.8
StandbyPower.
10.8.1
General.Provisionshouldbemadeforstandbypowersupplytoavertpanic,hazardtolifeandproperty
ormajorproductionlossincaseofinterruptionofelectricalpowersupply.Thestandbypowersupplymay
beapetrolengineordieselengineorgasenginegeneratororanIPSoraUPS.
10.8.2
CapacityofaStandbyGeneratingSet.
10.8.2.1 Thecapacityofstandbygeneratingsetshallbechosenonthebasisofessentiallightload,essentialair
conditioningload,essentialequipmentloadandessentialservicesload,suchasoneliftoutofabankof
lifts,oneorallwaterpumps,etc.Thegeneratorshallbecapableoftakingstartingcurrentsofallthe
machinesandcircuitsstatedabovesimultaneously.
10.8.2.2 Thegeneratorframeshallbeearthedbytwoseparateanddistinctconnectionstoearth.
10.8.3
StandbyPowerforLifts.
10.8.3.1 Inabuilding,wherealiftisinstalled,standbypowershallbeprovidedbyaselfcontainedgeneratorset
tooperateautomaticallywheneverthereisadisruptionofelectricalpowersupplytothebuilding.
10.8.3.2 Whereonlyoneliftisinstalled,theliftshalltransfertostandbypowerwithin60secondsafterfailureof
normalpower.
10.8.3.3 Wheretwoormoreliftsarecontrolledbyacommonoperatingsystem,allliftsmaybetransferredto
standbypowerwithin60secondsafterfailureofnormalpower,orifthestandbypowersourceisof
insufficientcapacitytooperateallliftsatthesametime,allliftsshallbetransferredtostandbypowerin
sequence,shallreturntodesignatedlandinganddischargetheirload.
61
10.8.4
GeneratorRoom.
10.8.4.1 Fornewconstruction,thegeneratingsetshouldpreferablybehousedinthesubstationbuildingorshould
beplacedadjacenttothesubstationroomtoenabletransferofelectricalloadwithnegligiblevoltage
dropaswellastoavoidtransferofvibrationandnoisetothemainbuilding.
10.8.4.2 Fornewandexistingconstruction,thegeneratorroomshouldhavesignificantamountofventilation.
Appropriatetypeandnumberoffirefightingequipmentmustbeinstalledinsidethegeneratorroom.
10.8.4.3 Fornewconstruction,thegeneratorengineexhaustshouldbeappropriatelytakenoutofthebuildingand
shouldpreferablybetakenoutthroughanyothersideexceptSouth.Thegeneratoroiltankshouldbe
placeawayfromthecontrolpanelside.Incaseofgasenginegeneratorextraprecautionmustbetaken
regardingventilation,leakagetopreventexplosion.
10.8.4.4 Fornewconstruction,BNBCTable8.2.9showsminimumgeneratorroomarearequirementfordifferent
sizesofgenerators.
BNBCTable8.2.9
AreaRequirementsforStandbyGeneratorRoom
Capacity
Area
(kW)
(m2)
1x25
20
1x48
24
1x100
30
1x150
36
1x300
48
1x500
56
10.8.4.5 Forexistingconstruction,theroomshallhavesufficientaccessandworkingspacetopermitsafe
operationandmaintenanceoftheequipmentwithingeneratorroom.Accessshallbenolessthan1.07m
(3ft6in)onallsidesofthegenerator.
10.8.5
ChangeoverSwitchofaStandbyGenerator.
10.8.6
Astandbygeneratoristobeconnectedatthesupplyinputpointaftertheenergymeterandafterthe
mainincomingswitchorthemainincomingcircuitbreaker,butthroughachangeoverswitchof
appropriaterating.Theratingofsuchaswitchshallbeatleast1.25timestheratingofthemainincoming
circuitbreaker.Thechangeoverswitchshallbeofsuchatypesothatwhenmovedtothemainsposition,
thereisnochancethatthegeneratorwillbeconnectedandviceversa.
10.8.7
Thechangeoverswitchmaybemanualtypeorautomatictype.Inboththecasesthechangeoverswitch
shallbeproperlymadesothatthereisnochanceoflooseconnectionorspark.
62
10.9
ProtectionofCircuits.
10.9.1
General.
10.9.1.1 Appropriateprotectionshallbeprovidedatswitchboardsanddistributionboardsforallcircuitsandsub
circuitsagainstshortcircuitandovercurrentandtheprotectiveapparatusshallbecapableofinterrupting
anyshortcircuitcurrentthatmayoccurwithoutdanger.
10.9.1.2 Wherecircuitbreakersareusedforprotectionofmaincircuitandthesubcircuitsderivedtherefrom,
discriminationinoperationshallbeachievedbyadjustingtheprotectivedevicesofthesubcircuit
breakerstooperateatlowercurrentsettingsandshortertimelagthanthemaincircuitbreaker.
10.9.1.3 Afusecarriershallnotbefittedwithafuseelementlargerthanthatforwhichthecarrierisdesigned.The
currentratingoffusesshallnotexceedthecurrentratingofthesmallestcableinthecircuitprotectedby
thefuse.
10.9.2
ProtectionagainstOverloadCurrent.
10.9.2.1 Protectivedevicesshallbeprovidedtobreakanyoverloadcurrentflowinginthecircuitconductorsbefore
suchacurrentcouldcauseatemperaturerisedetrimentaltoinsulation,joints,terminationsor
surroundingsoftheconductors.
10.9.2.2 Theomissionofdevicesforprotectionagainstoverloadisrecommendedforcircuitssupplyingcurrent
usingequipmentwhereunexpectedopeningofthecircuitcouldcausedanger,forexamplefirepump
circuit.
10.9.3
ProtectionagainstShortCircuitCurrents.Protectivedevicesshallbeprovidedtobreakanyshortcircuit
currentflowinginthecircuitconductorsbeforesuchacurrentcouldcausedangerduetothermaland
mechanicaleffectsproducedinconductorsandconnections.
10.9.4
ProtectionagainstUndervoltage.
10.9.4.1 Whereadropinvoltage,oralossandsubsequentrestorationofvoltagecouldimplydangeroussituations
forpersonsandproperty,suitableprecautionsshallbetaken.
10.9.4.2 Anundervoltageprotectivedeviceisnotrequiredifdamagetotheinstallationisconsideredtobean
acceptablerisk,providedthatnodangeriscausedtopersons.
10.10
Earthing.
10.10.1 General.Ingeneralallpartsofequipmentandinstallationotherthanlivepartsshallbeearthpotential,
thusensuringthatpersonscomingincontactwiththesepartsshallalsobeatearthpotentialatalltimes.
10.10.2 CircuitandSystemEarthing.
10.10.2.1
Circuitandsystemearthingshalllimitexcessivevoltagefromlinesurgesfromcrossoverswith
highervoltagelinesorturnlightingandkeepnoncurrentcarryingenclosuresandequipmentatzero
potentialwithrespecttoearth.
10.10.2.2
Thevalueoftheearthingresistanceshallbeinaccordancewiththeprotectiveandfunctional
requirementsoftheinstallationandbecontinuouslyeffective.
63
10.10.2.3
Whereanumberofinstallationshaveseparateearthingarrangements,protectiveconductors
runningbetweenanytwooftheseparateinstallationsshalleitherbecapableofcarryingthemaximum
faultcurrentlikelytoflowthroughthemorbeearthedwithinoneinstallationonlyandinsulatedfromthe
earthingarrangementsofanyotherinstallation.Inthelattercircumstances,iftheprotectiveconductor
formspartofcablestheprotectiveconductorshallbeearthedonlyintheinstallationcontainingthe
associatedprotectivedevice.
10.10.3 MethodsofEarthing.
10.10.3.1
General.Thethreemainelementsrequiredforanearthingsystemareearthconductors,
earthingleadandearthelectrodes.
10.10.3.2
EarthConductors.
10.10.3.2.1 Earthconductorsarethepartoftheearthingsystemwhichjoinsallthemetalpartsofaninstallation.
10.10.3.2.2 Inalleasesthegroundingconductorshallbemadeofcopperorgalvanizedsteelorothermetalsor
combinationofmetalswhichwillnotcorrodeexcessivelyand,ifpractical,shallbewithoutjointsor
splice.Ifjointsareunavoidable,theyshallbemadeandmaintainedsoasnottomateriallyincrease
theresistanceoftheearthingconductorandshallhaveappropriatemechanicalandcorrosion
resistantcharacteristics.
10.10.3.2.3 Aluminumorcoppercladaluminumconductorsshallnotbeusedforfinalconnectionstoearth
electrodes.
10.10.3.2.4 Theearthconductorshallhaveashorttimecapacityadequateforthefaultcurrentwhichcanflowin
thegroundingconductororconductorsfortheoperatingtimeofthesystemprotectivedevice.In
caseofcopperwirebeingusedasearthconductors,thesizeofthewireshallnotbelessthanhalfthe
areaofthelargestcurrentcarryingconductorsupplyingthecircuit.
64
10.10.3.2.5 BNBCTable8.2.11givestheminimumsizesofcopperearthconductorscorrespondingtothesizesof
associatedcoppercircuitconductors.Nosizesmallertitan14SWGshallbeusedanywhereasearth
conductor.
BNBCTable8.2.11
MinimumCrosssectionalAreaofCopperEarthConductorsinRelationto
theAreaofAssociatedPhaseConductors
CrosssectionalAreaofPhaseConductor(s)
MinimumCrosssectionalAreaofthe
CorrespondingEarthConductor
(mm2)
(mm2)
Sameascrosssectionalareaofphaseconductor
butnotlessthan14SWG
Lessthan16
16
16orgreaterbutlessthan35
Halfthecrosssectionalareaofphaseconductor
35orgreater
10.10.3.3
EarthLead.
10.10.3.3.1 Theearthconductorshallbebroughttooneormoreconnectingpointsaccordingtosizeof
installation;thecopperwireearthingleadsshallrunfromtheretotheelectrodes.
10.10.3.3.2 Earthingleadcaneitherbeofcopperwireorofcopperstrands.
10.10.3.3.3 Earthingleadsshallberuninduplicatedowntotheearthelectrodesoastoincreasethesafetyfactorofthe
installation.Copperwireusedasearthingleadmustnotbesmallerthan8SWG(12mm2).
10.10.3.4
EarthElectrodes.
10.10.3.4.1 Theearthelectrodeshallasfaraspracticablepenetrateintopermanentlymoistsoilpreferablybelow
groundwatertable.Theresistanceoftheelectrodesshallnotbemorethanoneohm.
10.10.3.4.2 Thefollowingtypesearthelectrodesarerecognized:Copperrods,copperplates,galvanizediron
pipes.
10.10.3.4.3 Thefollowingisaguidelineforelectrodesize:Copperrodsshallhaveaminimumdiameterof
12.7mm,GIpipesshallhaveaminimumdiameterof50mm,copperplatesshallnotbelessthan
600mmx600mminsize,with6mmthickness.
65
10.11
LightningProtection.
10.11.1 General.LightingProtectionshallbeprovidedforinaccordancewiththefollowing:
10.11.1.1
Newbuildingsshallhaveprotectionagainstlightningdependingontheprobabilityofastroke
andacceptablerisklevels.Stepsshallbetakenforanobjectiveassessmentoftheriskandofthe
magnitudeoftheconsequencesoflightningstrikesfollowingBNBCPart8,section2.9.ThemarginalRisk
Indexshallbe40.Structureshigherthan53m(174ft)requireprotectioninallcases.
10.11.1.2
Acompletelightningprotectionsystemshallconsistofairterminationnetwork,down
conductorsandearthtermination.
10.11.1.3
AlightingprotectionsystemshallberequiredforexistingconstructionifthemarginalRiskIndex
is40orgreaterandthestructureishigherthan53m(174ft)
10.11.2 AirTerminationNetwork.Theairterminationnetworkisthatpartwhichisintendedtointercept
lightningdischarges.Itconsistsofverticalandhorizontalconductorsarrangedtoprotecttherequired
area.Nopartoftheroofshouldbemorethan9m(30ft)fromthenearesthorizontalconductorexcept
thatanadditional0.3m(1ft)maybeaddedforeach0.3m(1ft)orpartthereofbywhichtheparttobe
protectedisbelowthenearestconductor.
10.11.3 DownConductor.
10.11.3.1
Thedownconductoristheconductorwhichrunsfromtheairterminationtotheearth
termination.Abuildingwithabaseareanotexceeding100m2(1,076ft2)shallbeprovidedwithonedown
conductor.Foralargebuildingthereshallbeonedownconductorforthefirst100m2(1,076ft2)plusa
furtheroneforevery300m2orpartthereofinexcessofthefirst100m2(1,076ft2).Alternatively,fora
largerbuildingonedownconductormaybeprovidedforevery30m(100ft)ofperimeter.Thenumber
chosencanbethesmallerofthenumbersgivenbythesealternativemethodsofcalculation.
10.11.3.2
Thematerialusedforlightningconductorsmustbealuminumorcopper.Thecriterionfordesign
istokeeptheresistancefromairterminationtoearthtoaminimum.
10.11.4 EarthTermination.
10.11.4.1
Theearthterminationisthatpartwhichdischargesthecurrentintothegeneralmassofthe
earth.Thetotalresistanceofanelectrodeforalightningprotectionsystemmustnotexceed10ohms.
10.11.4.2
Thelightningprotectionsystemgroundterminalsshallbebondedtothebuildingorstructuregrounding
electrodesystem.
10.11.4.3
RecommendeddimensionsforvariouscomponentsoflightningarresteraregiveninTable4.6.
Largerconductorsshouldhoweverbeusedifthesystemisunlikelytoreceiveregularinspectionand
maintenance.
66
BNBCTable8.2.14
SizesoftheComponentsofLightningProtectionSystems
Components
MinimumDimensions
AirTerminations
20mmx3mm
Aluminiumandcopperstrip
Aluminium,aluminiumalloy,copperandphosphorbronzerods
10mmdia
Strandedaluminiumconductors
Standardcopperconductors
19strandsof2.5mm
19strandsof1.8mm
DownConductors
Aluminiumandcopperstrip
Aluminium,aluminiumalloyandcopperrods
20mmx3mm
10mmdia
EarthTerminations
Harddrawncopperrodsfordrivingintosoftground
12mmdia
Harddrawnorannealedcopperrodsforindirectdrivingor
layinginground
10mmdia
12mmdia
Phosphorbronzeforhardground
10mmdia
Coppercladsteelforhardground
10.11.4.4
Externalmetalonabuildingshouldbebondedtothelightningconductorwithbondsatleastaslargeasthe
conductor.
10.12
IlluminationofExitSignsandMeansOfEscape.
10.12.1 ExitSigns.
10.12.1.1
Allrequiredexitsignsshallbeilluminatedcontinuouslyatalltimes.
10.12.1.2
Exitsignsmaybeilluminatedeitherbylampsexternaltothesignorbylampscontainedwithin
thesign.Thesourceofilluminationshallprovidenotlessthan50luxattheilluminatedsurfacewitha
contrastofnotlessthan0.5.Approvedselfluminoussignswhichprovideevenlyilluminatedletters
havingaminimumluminanceof0.2cd/m2mayalsobeused.
67
10.12.1.3
Emergencypower.Lightingforexitsignsshalleitherbeprovidedwithemergencypoweror
batterybackup.
10.12.1.4
Inspectionandtesting.Emergencypowerforexitsignsshallbeverifiedatleastonceperyear.If
batteryoperatedsignsareused,theselightsshallbetestedonamonthlybasis.Functionaltestingof
batterypoweredsignsshallbeprovidedforaminimum90minonceperyear.
10.12.2 Meansofegress.
10.12.2.1
Illumination.Themeansofegresspathsshallbeilluminatedatalltimesthebuildingisoccupied.
Illuminationshallbeaminimumof10luxforallcorridors,exitdoors,andstairways.Aislesshallbe
providedwithaminimum2.5lux.
10.12.2.2
Emergencypower.Meansofegressilluminationshallbeprovidedwithemergencypoweror
supplementedwithbatterypoweredlightsthatprovideminimum10luxfornolessthan30mininthe
eventoffailureofnormallighting.
10.12.2.3
Inspectionandtesting.Emergencypowerformeansofegressilluminationshallbeverifiedat
leastonceperyear.Ifbatteryoperatedlightsareused,theselightsshallbetestedonamonthlybasis.
Functionaltestingofbatterypoweredlightsshallbeprovidedforaminimum30minonceperyear.
10.12.3 BatterySystems.Batterysystemsusedtoprovidestandbyoremergencypowershallbeinstalled,tested
andmaintainedinaccordancewithNFPA111.
10.12.4 Generators.Generatorsusedtoprovidestandbyoremergencypowershallbeinstalled,tested,and
maintainedinaccordancewithNFPA110.
10.13
InspectionandTesting.
10.13.1 General.Everyinstallationshall,oncompletionandbeforebeingenergized,beinspectedandtested.The
methodsoftestshallbesuchthatnodangertopersonsorpropertyordamagetoequipmentoccurseven
ifthecircuittestedisdefective.
10.13.2 PeriodicInspectionandTesting.Periodicinspectionandtestingshallbecarriedoutinordertomaintain
theinstallationinasoundconditionafterputtingitintoservice.Whereanadditionistobemadetothe
fixedwiringofanexistinginstallation,thelattershallbeexaminedforcompliancewiththe
recommendationsofthisStandard.
10.13.2.1
Theperiodicinspectionandtestingprogramshallgenerallycomplywiththerequirementsof
NFPA70E,StandardforElectricalSafetyintheWorkplace,2012Edition
10.13.2.2
Forexistingconstruction,thermographicinspectionofelectricalequipmentshallbeprovidedon
atriannualbasis.ThethermographicinspectionshallbecarriedoutingeneralaccordancewithASTM
E193499aStandardGuideforExaminingElectricalandMechanicalEquipmentwithInfrared
Thermography.
10.13.3 CheckingtheconformitywiththeBangladeshStandard.Theindividualequipmentandmaterialswhich
formpartoftheinstallationshallgenerallyconformtotherelevantBangladeshStandard(BDS)wherever
applicable.IfthereisnorelevantBangladeshstandardspecificationforanyitem,theseshallbeapproved
bytheappropriateauthority.
68
10.13.4 InsulationTests.
10.13.4.1
Fornewinstallations,insulationresistancetestshallbemadeonallelectricalequipment,usinga
selfcontainedinstrumentsuchasthedirectindicatingohmmeterofthegeneratortype.DCpotential
shallbeusedinthesetestsandshallbeasfollowsoranappropriateMeggar:
(1) Circuitsbelow230volts
(2) Circuitsbetween230voltsto400volts
500voltsMeggar
1000voltsMeggar
10.13.4.2
Theminimumacceptableinsulationresistancevalueis5megaohmsforLTlines.Beforemaking
connectionsattheendsofeachcablerun,theinsulationresistancemeasurementtestofeachcableshall
bemade.Eachconductorofamulticorecableshallbetestedindividuallytoallotherconductorsofthe
groupandalsotoearth.Ifinsulationresistancetestreadingsarefoundtobelessthanthespecified
minimuminanyconductor,theentirecableshallbereplaced.
10.13.4.3
Alltransformers,switchgearsetc.shallbesubjecttoaninsulationresistancemeasurementtest
togroundafterinstallationbutbeforeanywiringisconnected.Insulationtestsshallbemadebetween
opencontactsofcircuitbreakers,switchesetc.andbetweeneachphaseandearth.
10.13.4.4
Forexistingconstruction,insulationresistancetestshallbemadeonallelectricalequipmentas
prescribedin10.13.4.1ona5yearcycle.Iftheinsulationresistancetestwasnotcompletedatthetimeof
installation,thetestingshallbecompletedatthistime.
10.13.5 EarthResistanceTest.
10.13.5.1
Earthresistancetestsshallbemadeonthesystem,separatingandreconnectingeachearth
connectionusingearthresistancemeter.
10.13.5.2
Theelectricalresistanceoftheearthcontinuityconductortogetherwiththeresistanceofthe
earthingleadmeasuredfromtheconnectionwiththeearthelectrodetoanyotherpositioninthe
completedinstallationshallnotexceed1ohm.
10.13.5.3
Wheremorethanoneearthingsetsareinstalled,theearthresistancebetweentwosetsshallbe
measuredbymeansofresistancebridgeinstrument.Theearthresistancebetweentwosetsshallnot
exceed1ohm.
10.13.5.4
Forexistingconstruction,earthresistancetestshallbemadeonthesystemasprescribedin
10.13.5ona5yearcycle.Iftheearthresistancetestwasnotcompletedatthetimeofinstallation,the
testingshallbecompletedatthistime.
10.13.6 OperationTests.Currentloadmeasurementshallbemadeonequipmentandonallpowerandlighting
feeders.Thecurrentreadingshallbetakenineachphasewireandineachneutralwirewhilethecircuitor
equipmentisoperatingunderactualloadconditions.Clamponammetersmaybeusedtotakecurrent
readingswithoutinterruptingacircuit.Alllightfittingsshallbetestedelectricallyandmechanicallyto
checkwhethertheycomplywiththestandardspecifications.Fluorescentlightfittingsshallbetestedso
thatwhenfunctioningnoflickeringorchokesingingisfelt.
10.13.7 InspectionoftheInstallation.Oncompletionofwiringageneralinspectionshallbecarriedoutby
competentpersonnelinordertoverifythattheprovisionsofthisStandardandthatoftheElectricityAct
ofBangladeshhavebeencompliedwith.
69
10.13.7.1
InspectionofSubstationInstallations.Insubstationinstallations,itshallbecheckedwhether:
(1) Phasetophaseandphasetoearthclearancesareprovidedasrequired;
(2) Allequipmentareefficientlyearthedandproperlyconnectedtotherequirednumberofearth
electrodes;
(3) Therequiredgroundclearancetoliveterminalsisprovided
(4) Suitablefencingisprovidedwithgatewithlockablearrangements;
(5) Therequirednumberofcautionboards,firefightingequipment,operatingrods,rubbermats,etc.,
arekeptinthesubstation;
(6) Incaseofindoorsubstationsufficientventilationanddrainingarrangementsaremade;
(7) Allcabletrencheshavecoversofnoninflammablematerial;
(8) Freeaccessibilityisprovidedforallequipmentfornormaloperation;
(9) Allnameplatesarefixedandtheequipmentarefullypainted;
(10) Allconstructionmaterialsandtemporaryconnectionsareremoved;
(11) Oillevel,busbartightness,transformertapposition,etc.areinorder;
(12) Earthpipetroughsandcoverslabsareprovidedforearthelectrodes/earthpitsandtheneutraland
LAearthpitsaremarkedforeasyidentification;
(13) EarthelectrodesareofGIpipesorCIpipesorcopperplates.Forearthconnections,brassboltsand
nutswithleadwashersareprovidedinthepipes/plates;
(14) Earthpipetroughsandoilsumps/pitsarefreefromrubbish,dirtandstonejellyandtheearth
connectionsarevisibleandeasilyaccessible;
(15) HTandLTpanelsandswitchgearsareallverminanddampproofandallunusedopeningsorholes
areblockedproperly;
(16) Theearthbusbarshavetightconnectionsandcorrosionfreejointsurfaces;
(17) Controlswitchfusesareprovidedatanaccessibleheightfromground;
(18) Adequateheadroomisavailableinthetransformerroomforeasytoppingupofoil,maintenance,
etc.;
(19) Safetydevices,horizontalandverticalbarriers,busbarcovers/shrouds,automaticsafety
shutters/doorinterlock,handleinterlocketc.aresafeandinreliableoperationinallpanelsand
cubicles;
(20) Clearancesinthefront,rearandsidesofthemainHTandLTandsubswitchboardsareadequate;
(21) Theswitchesoperatefreely;the3bladesmakecontactatthesametime,thearcinghornscontactin
advance;andthehandlesareprovidedwithlockingarrangements,
(22) Insulatorsarefreefromcracks,andareclean;
(23) Intransformers,thereisnooilleak;
(24) Connectionstobushingintransformersarelightandmaintaingoodcontact;
(25) Bushingsarefreefromcracksandareclean;
(26) Accessoriesoftransformerslikebreathers,ventpipe,buchholzrelay,etc.areinorder;
(27) Connectionstogasrelayintransformersareinorder;
(28) Intransformers,oilandwindingtemperaturearesetforspecificrequirementstopumpout;
(29) Incaseofcablecellars,adequatearrangementsexisttopumpoffwaterthathasentereddueto
seepageorotherreasons;and
(30) AllincomingandoutgoingcircuitsofHTandLTpanelsareclearlyandindeliblylabeledfor
identifications.
70
10.13.7.2
InspectionofMediumVoltageInstallation.InMediumVoltage(MV)Installations,itshallbe
checkedwhether:
(1) Allblockingmaterialsthatareusedforsafetransportationinswitchgears,contactors,relays,etc.are
removed;
(2) Allconnectionstotheearthingsystemhaveprovisionsforperiodicalinspection;
(3) Sharpcablebendsareavoidedandcablesaretakeninasmoothmannerinthetrenchesoralongside
thewallsandceilingsusingsuitablesupportclampsatregularintervals;
(4) Suitablelinkedswitchorcircuitbreakerorlockablepushbuttonisprovidednearthe
motors/apparatusforcontrollingsupplytothemotor/apparatusinaneasilyaccessiblelocation;
(5) Twoseparateanddistinctearthconnectionsareprovidedforthemotorapparatus;
(6) Controlswitchfuseisprovidedatanaccessibleheightfromgroundforcontrollingsupplytooverhead
travelingcrane,hoists,overheadbusbartrunking;
(7) Themetalrailsonwhichthecranetravelsareelectricallycontinuousandearthedandbondingofrails
andearthingatbothendsaredone;
(8) Fourcorecablesareusedforoverheadtravellingcraneandportableequipment,thefourthcore
beingusedforearthing,andseparatesupplyforlightingcircuitistaken;
(9) Ifflexiblemetallichoseisusedforwiringtomotorsandotherequipment,thewiringisenclosedto
thefulllengths,andthehosesecuredproperlybyapprovedmeans;
(10) Thecablesarenottakenthroughareaswheretheyarelikelytobedamagedorchemicallyaffected;
(11) Thescreensandarmorsofthecablesareearthedproperly;
(12) Thebeltsofbeltdrivenequipmentareproperlyguarded;
(13) Adequateprecautionsaretakentoensurethatnolivepartsaresoexposedastocausedanger;
(14) InstalledAmmetersandvoltmetersworkproperlyandaretested;and
(15) Therelaysareinspectedvisuallybymovingcoversfordepositsofdustsorotherforeignmatter.
10.13.7.3
InspectionofOverheadLines.Foroverheadlines,everycaremustbetakensothat:
(1) Allconductorsandapparatusincludinglivepartsthereofareinaccessible;
(2) Thetypesandsizeofsupportsaresuitablefortheoverheadlines/conductorsusedandarein
accordancewithapproveddrawingandstandards;
(3) Clearancesfromgroundleveltothelowestconductorofoverheadlines,sagconditions,etc.arein
accordancewiththerelevantstandard;
(4) Whereoverheadlinescrosstheroadssuitablegroundedguardingshallbeprovidedatroadcrossings,
(5) Whereoverheadlinescrosseachotherorareinproximitywithoneanother,suitableguardingshall
beprovidedatcrossingstoprotectagainstpossibilityofthelinescomingincontactwithoneanother;
(6) Everyguardwireshallbeproperlygrounded/earthed;
(7) Thetype,sizeandsuitabilityoftheguardingarrangementprovidedshallbeadequate;
(8) Stayscablesmustbeprovidedsuitablywiththeoverheadlinecarryingpolesasrequiredandshallbe
efficientlyearthedatthebottomandshallbeprovidedwithsuitablestayinsulatorsofappropriate
voltages;
(9) AnticlimbingdevicesandDangerBoard/CautionBoardNoticesareprovidedonallHTsupports;
(10) Clearancesalongtheroutearecheckedandallobstructionssuchastrees/branchesandshrubsare
clearedontheroutetotherequireddistanceoneitherside;
(11) Clearancebetweentheliveconductorandtheearthedmetalpartsareadequate;and
(12) Fortheserviceconnectionstappedofffromtheoverheadlines,cutoutsofadequatecapacityare
provided.
71
10.13.7.4
InspectionofLightingCircuits.Thelightingcircuitsshallbecheckedtoseewhether:
(1) Woodenboxesandpanelsareavoidedinfactoriesformountingthelightingboards,switchcontrols,
etc.;
(2) Neutrallinksareprovidedindoublepoleswitchfuseswhichareusedforlightingcontrol,andnofuse
isprovidedintheneutral;
(3) Theplugpointsinthelightingcircuitareall3pintype,thethirdpinbeingsuitablyearthed;
(4) Tamperproofinterlockedswitchsocketandplugareusedforlocationseasilyaccessible;
(5) Lightingwiringinfactoryareaisenclosedinconduitandtheconduitisproperlyearthed,or
alternatively,armoredcablewiringisused;
(6) Aseparateearthwireisruninthelightinginstallationtoprovideearthingforplugpoints,fixturesand
equipment;
(7) Properconnectorsandjunctionboxesareusedwhereverjointsareinconductorsorcrossoverof
conductorstakesplace;
(8) Cartridgefuseunitsarefittedwithcartridgefusesonly.
10.13.8 ElectricalInspections.
10.13.8.1
10.14
Recordsofinitialtestingaswellassubsequenttestingshallbemaintainedonsite.
Elevators
10.14.1 General.ElevatorsshallbeinstalledinaccordancewithBNBCPart8Chapter5and5.9ofthisStandard.
10.15
Nakedlights.
10.15.1 Lightfixtureswithoutprotectivecovers(otherwiseknownasnakedlights)shallnotbeallowedinstorage
areasorinanyareawheretheInspectoroftheFactoriesRules(1.6.3.7)Part53disallowsthesefixtures.
10.15.2 SignsshallbepostedinBengaliandEnglish,indicatingthisprohibitionatallentrancestotheseareas.
10.15.3 Lightingshallnotberemovedfromstorageareas.
10.16
ElectricalSafetyProgram.AnElectricalSafetyProgramshallbedevelopedinordertoproperlytrainthe
competentpersonnelwhoareresponsibleforoperatingandmaintainingtheelectricalsystems.The
programshallgenerallyconformtotherequirementsofNFPA70E,StandardforElectricalSafetyinthe
Workplaceorcomparablestandard.
72
Part11Alterations/ChangeofUse
11
11.1
Alterations.DeletePart9ofthe2006(BNBCCodeinItsentirety.SubstitutePart9ofthe2012(BNBC
Code(draft)initsentirety.
11.2
General.BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.1.Theprovisionsofthispartareintendedtomaintainor
increasethecurrentdegreeofpublicsafetyaswellashealthandgeneralwelfareinexistingbuildings
whilepermittingalteration,additiontoorchangeofuse.SeePart8oftheBNBCforrequirementsrelated
tothedesignofexpansionsandalterationsofexistingfactories.
11.3
General.BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.1.Theprovisionofthispartshallapplytoexisting
buildingsthatwillcontinuetobeorareproposedtobeinoccupancygroupsB,E,F,G,H,J,andK..
11.4
Changeinuse.BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.2
11.4.1
BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.2.1.NochangeinuseofanyexistingCompliantfactorywithout
priornotificationtotheAllianceExecutiveDirector.
11.4.2
BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.2.3.Whereanexistingbuildingischangedtoanewusegroup
classification,theprovisionsforthenewusegroupintheBNBCshallbeusedtodeterminecompliance.
11.5
Changeinuse.BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.3
11.5.1
BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.3.1.NochangeinuseofanypartofanyexistingCompliantfactory
withoutpriornotificationtotheAllianceExecutiveDirector.
11.6
Additions.BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.4.1.Noadditiontoanyexistingbuildingsshallbemade
withoutpermissionfromthepermittingauthority.
11.6.1
BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.4.2.Additionstoexistingbuildingsshallcomplywithallthe
requirementsoftheBNBCfornewconstructionsassetforthinPart3oftheBNBCandshallcomplywith
firerequirementssetforthinPart4oftheBNBC.
11.7
BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.4.3.Thecombinedheightandareaoftheexistingbuildingsandnew
additionsshallnotexceedtheheightandopenspacerequirementsfornewbuildingsspecifiedinPart3of
theBNBC.
11.8
BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.5.1.Anexistingbuildingorportionthereofwhichdoesnotcomply
withtherequirementsoftheBNBCfornewconstruction(BNBCPart3)shallnotbealteredinsucha
mannerthatresultsinthebuildingbeinglesssafeorsanitarythansuchbuildingisatpresent.
11.9
BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.2.6.1.Anyconstructionwithinthesitewhichdoesnothaveapproval
oftheappropriateauthoritymustberemovedbeforeanynewaddition,alterationorchangeofuseis
carriedout.Allothertypesofexistingconstructionandtheirchangesshallcomplywithsubclauses1.2.4
and1.2.5ofthisPart9oftheBNBC.
11.10
InvestigationandEvaluation.BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.3.1.Fortheproposedworksrelatingto
alteration,additiontoandchangeofuse,theownerofthebuildingshallcausetheexistingbuildingstobe
investigatedandevaluatedbycompetentprofessionalsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthis
Standard.Forstructuralchangesinuse,thecompetentprofessionalshallbeanAlliancequalified
structuralengineerinaccordancewithError!Referencesourcenotfound.ofthisStandard.
73
11.11
StructuralAnalysis.BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section1.3.2.
11.11.1 BNBC2012(draft)Part7Section1.3.2.1.Theownershallhaveastructuralanalysisoftheexisting
buildingcarriedoutbyanAlliancequalifiedstructuralengineertodeterminetheadequacyofall
structuralsystemsfortheproposedalteration,additionorchangeofuse.
11.12
BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section2.1.1.1.Theownershallmakeanyproposedfactorymodifications
availableforvisualoranalyticalassessmentbyathirdparty.
11.12.1 BNBC2012(draft)Part9Section2.1.2.1.Additionsoralterationstoanexistingbuildingorstructureare
nottobemadeifsuchadditionsoralterationscausethebuildingorstructuretobeunsafeormore
hazardousbasedonfiresafety,lifeandstructuralsafetyorenvironmentaldegradation.
74
Part12ExistingBuildings
12
Part12ExistingBuildings
12.1
General.TherequirementsofPart9ofthe2006BNBCareadoptedintheirentirety.
75
Part13HumanElementPrograms
13
13.1
FireSafetyDirector.
13.1.1
Duties.ThedutiesoftheFireSafetyDirectorshallincludethefollowing:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Establishinternalandexternalrallypointsandcommunicatetoallemployeesinthebuilding.
Firedepartmentpreplanning.
Conductsafetyinspectionsasoutlinedin13.9.
Ensurealltestingoffireprotectionequipmentisconductedinaccordancewith13.10.
13.2
FireDrills
13.2.1
FiredrillsshallbeconductedonaquarterlybasisasoutlinedinBNBCPart4AppendixAforallgarment
facilities.
13.2.2
FiredrillsshallbeconductedunderthedirectionofaFireSafetyDirector.
13.2.3
AllotherrequirementsforfiredrillsshallbeconductedinaccordancewithBNBCPart4AppendixA.
13.3
EvacuationPlan.
13.3.1
TheFireServiceDirectorshalldevelopafireevacuationplanforeachbuilding.
13.3.2
Fireevacuationmapsshallbepostedattheentrancetoeachexitstair.
13.3.3
Theevacuationplanshallincludeprovisionstoassistphysicallydisabledpersons.Alistofallemployees
withphysicaldisabilitiesshallbekeptbytheFireServiceDirector.
13.4
Hotworkpermit.
13.4.1
AhotworkpermitsystemprogramshallbeenactedforallRMGfacilitiesinaccordancewithNFPA51B.
13.5
Smoking.
13.5.1
Smokingshallbeprohibitedinanygarmentfactorybuilding,separatestoragebuilding,oranybuildingor
areawheretheInspectoroftheFactoriesRules(1.6.3.7)Part53requiresthatsmokingbeprohibited.
13.5.2
SignsshallbepostedinBengaliandEnglishatallbuildingentrances.
13.5.3
IfanOwnercreatesadesignatedsmokingareaoutsidethebuildings,informationonthelocationofthese
designatedareasshallbepostedonthesignsrequiredin13.5.2.
13.6
Housekeeping.
13.6.1
Policy. Establishwrittencorporateandplantpoliciesonhousekeepingtoensurescheduledcleaningfor
floor,wall,ceiling,supplyandreturnairventilationsystems.Promptlyrescheduleskippedcleanings.
Provideadocumentedlineofauthorityforauthorizingacleaningdelayandrescheduling.Asageneral
rulethemaximumtolerabledepositthicknessforloosefluffylintis13mm(in.)overamaximumof
46.5m2(500ft2).Limitdensedepositsto6mm(in.)andoilsaturateddepositsto3.2mm(in.).
13.6.2
Maintainelectricalsystemsingoodworkingorderandkeepfreeoflintbuilduptoreducethepotentialfor
ignition.Thisincludescleaninginsidejunctionboxes,buses,trays,tunnels,etc.
76
13.7
Storagepractices.
13.7.1
ManagementofOperatingLoads.FactoryOwnersshallensurethatatleastonetrainedprofessional
individualisassignedtoeachfactoryfacilityasFactoryLoadManagerinaccordancewith8.9ofthis
Standard.
13.7.2
Cuttingtables.Storageunderneaththecuttingtablesshallbekeptclearofcombustiblesatalltime,
exceptasprovidedformiscellaneousstorageinaccordancewith3.4.2.1.6orwhereautomaticsprinkler
protectionisinstalled.Whereanautomaticsprinklersystemisinstalledsprinklersarerequiredtobe
installedbeneathcuttingtablesgreaterthan4ftinwidththatareusedforstorageofcombustibles.
13.8
Egress.Allmeansofegressshallbekeptfreeandclearatalltimes.
13.9
SafetyInspections.Asafetyinspectionprogramshallbeinitiatedandconductedonaquarterlybasis.
ThisprogramshallbeconductedunderthedirectionoftheFireSafetyDirector.Theseinspectionsshall
lookforegressmaintenance,conditionoffiredoors,storageinaisleways,excessstorage,smoking,hot
workandotherfiresafetyrelateditems.RecordsoftheseinspectionsshallbekeptforAllianceinspection
review.
13.9.1
Constructioninspections.Anadditionalsafetyinspectionprogramshallbeinitiatedunderthedirection
oftheFireSafetyDirectorforanyconstructionthatoccursinanoccupiedfacility(seeSection9.2).
13.9.2
Doorstested.Firedoorsshallbetestedonaquarterlybasistoensurethattheyareproperlyclosingand
latching.Theyshallalsobecheckedfortheproperlabelandverificationthatthedoorhasnotbeen
damagedinanyway.
13.10
Maintenanceoffireprotectionequipment.
13.10.1 Automaticsuppressionsystems.Inspection,testingandmaintenanceinaccordancewithNFPA25shall
beconductedonallwaterbasedfireprotectionsystems.
13.10.2 Firealarmanddetectionssystems.Inspection,testingandmaintenanceinaccordancewithNFPA72
shallbeconductedonallfirealarmsystems.
13.10.3 Fireextinguishers.Fireextinguishersshallbeinspected,tested,andmaintainedinaccordancewith
NFPA10.
13.11
Equipment.
13.11.1 Establishamaintenance,cleaningandlubricationscheduleforallequipment.Themaintenanceand
cleaningschedulewillvarywithtypeoffiberprocessedandtheequipmentused.Lubricateequipmentin
accordancewithmanufacturersrecommendations.Reviewplantfirelossrecordstodeterminewhether
cleaningorequipmentmaintenancewasafactor,andincreasefrequencyasneeded.
13.12
Electricalmaintenance.
13.12.1 Testingofemergencylighting.Emergencylightingprovidedbybatterybackupshallbetestedona
monthlybasis.
13.12.2 Generators.GeneratorsusedforemergencyorstandbyrequirementsofthisStandardshallbeinspected,
tested,andmaintainedinaccordancewithNFPA110.
77

Alliance Standard V1 1

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AllianceFireSafetyandStructuralIntegrityStandard

(1) Exterior bearing walls

(2) Exterior nonbearing walls and curtain walls

(4) Structural frame and structural members supporting wa

(5) Floor construction including beams

(7) Fire walls and party walls

(8) Enclosure of fire exits

(9) Shafts (other than exits) and elevator hoistways

(10) Access corridors leading to fire exits

(11) Vertical separation of tenant spaces

(12) Nonbearing partition walls

(13) False/suspended ceilings

(14) Smoke barriers

(15) Mixed occupancy separation

(3) Interior bearing walls, bearing partitions, columns, girders,

(6) Roof construction, including beams, trusses

75 mm thick walls of clay bricks

150 mm thick RC wall

100 mm RC slabs with 13 mm cover

250 mm x 250 mm with 25 mm cover

Fire Resistance Rating

Buildings without Sprinkler

Buildings thoroughly Sprinkled

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