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by energy loss and voltage drop from the input to the various
points from which the loads are taken . Loss is minimized by
distributing at high voltage as it is economic for the power
involved and the capital cost of the lines is also minimized by
using lines of smaller cross - section and greater resistance
than would be permissible with a lower distribution voltage .
As an example , the effect of increasing the voltage of a given
distribution m-times may be considered . To distribute the same
power , the current becomes (1/m) - times its former value and
the cross - section and weight of conductor . (1/m2) - times the
former value with a corresponding saving in capital cost : The
limiting factors are the disproportionately greater cost of
higher voltage overhead lines and cables and the fact that
power finally supplied to a consumer must be at consumer
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distributors . All the consumer voltage may have a high voltage feeder system associated with it , supplying the
consumer voltage network at a number of transformer
substations . In a large urban area , a three - voltage system is
normal with a 11 kV ring main. It consists of feeders supplying a
number of 11/0.380 kV transformer substations which are the
feeding points for the 380 V distribution system .
This system supplies the final voltage feeding points which
can be the distribution boxes in the streets , from which the
power , is conveyed by the distributors to the individual
consumers . Such a system would be true 3-phase (three lines or
cores only) for the 11 kV portions , with 3-phase four - wire for
the consumer voltage 380 V distributors to provide the
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