EDUC 201 - Basic and Inferential Statistics

GBS FOR WEEK NO. 17

Two Way Analysis of Variance

Objectives: At the end of this session, the student is expected to:
1.Set up and organize data into a two-way ANOVA table.
2.Define the terms treatment and blocks.
3.Conduct a test of hypothesis to determine if there is a significant difference among
treatment means and block means.
Instructions: Read the following topics carefully and try to go over the examples and
try to solve the problems after each topic.
References: College Statistics by Ymas
Introduction to Statistics by Walpole
Elementary Statistics by Pagoso
http://www.mathsisfun.com/data/standard-normal-distributiontable.html
For the two-factor ANOVA we test whether there is a significant difference between
the treatment effect (column means) and whether there is a difference in the
blocking effect (row means)
Preferred computational formulas for the sums of squares are given as follows:
T..2
r
c
2
SST = xij ----( total sum of squares )
I=1 j=1
rc
Ti2
SSR = ----------- c

T..2
--------rc

Tj2
T..2
SSC = ---------- - --------r
rc

SSE = SST SSR SSC

(sum of squares for row means)

(sum of squares for column means)

(error sum of squares)

The computations in the analysis of variance , two-way classification may be

summarized in a table :
Source of
Variation
Row means
Column

Sum of
Squares
SSR

Degrees of
Freedom
r-1

Mean
Square
s12=SSR/r-1

Computed
f
f1=s12/s32

means
Error
Total

SSC
SSE
SST

s22=SSC/c-1
2
s3 =SSE/(r-1)(c-1)

c-1
(r-1)(c-1)
rc - 1

f2=s22/s32

Example 1
The following table indicates the average yield of wheat when three different kinds of
fertilizer are used to three different varieties of wheat.
Fertilizer
Treatment
1
2
3
4
Total

A
64
55
59
58
236

Varieties of Wheat
B
C
72
74
57
47
66
58
57
53
252
232

Total
210
159
183
168
720

Solution:
1. H0 : 1= 2=3=4= 0 ( row effects are zero)
H0: 1= 2= 3= 0
( column effects are zero)
2. H1: at least one of is is not equal to zero
H1: at least one of js is not equal to zero
3. Use level of significance equal to 0.05
4. Critical Regions: a) Reject H0 if f1> 4.76 (df =(3,6) )
b) Reject H 0 if f2 > 5.14 (df = (2,6) )
5. Computations:
2

SST = 64 + 55 + 59 + . + 53

720 2
--------- =
12

662

2102 + 1592 + 1832 + 1682

7202
SSR = --------------------------------------- - -------- = 498
3
12
2362 + 2522 + 2322
7202
SSC = ------------------------------- - ---------- = 56
4
12
SSE = 662 498 56 = 108
The results and other computations are given in the ANOVA table below:
Source of
Variation
Row means
Column means
Error
Total

Sum of
Squares
498

Degrees of
Freedom
3

Mean
Square
166

Computed
f
9.22

56
108
662

2
6
11

28
18

1.56

6. Conclusion:
a. Reject H0 and conclude that there is a significant difference in the average yield
of wheat when different kinds of fertilizer are used.
b. Accept H0 and conclude that there is no significant difference in the average
yield of the three varieties of wheat

Evaluation
The XYZ Manufacturing Co. operates 24 hours a day, five days a week. The workers
rotate shifts each week. Mr. Sy, the owner, is interested in whether there is a
difference in the number of units produced when the employees work on various
shifts. A sample of five workers is selected and their output recorded on each shift.
At the .05 significance level, can we conclude there is a difference in the mean
production by shift and in the mean production by employee?

Employee

Day Output

Evening Output

Night Output

Peter
Willy
Joey
Vic
Rico

31
33
28
30
28

25
26
24
29
26

35
33
30
28
27

SUBMISSION Instruction:
e-mail: ous.eductwozeroone@vem.edu.ph and educ201@vem.edu.ph
COPY FURNISH: global@vem.edu.ph and maed@vem.edu.ph
filename: EDUC 201 WEEK 17 Assignment.doc
subject (Re): EDUC 201 WEEK 17 Assignment