As 3600-2009 Amdt 2-2013 Concrete Structures - PDF (Personal Use)

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AS 3600/Amdt 2/2013-03-20
STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Amendment No. 2
to
AS 36002009
Concrete structures
CORRECTION
The 2009 edition of AS 3600 is amended as follows; the amendments should be inserted in the appropriate
places.
SUMMARY: This Amendment applies to Clauses 1.7, 3.1.8.1, 3.1.8.3, 3.3.4.3, 4.10.3.6, 5.3.3, 5.3.7, 5.5.2,
5.6.2, 5.6.3, 5.6.4, 5.7.2, 7.2.4, 8.1.5, 8.1.9, 8.1.10.1, 8.2.1, 8.2.7.1, 8.3.4, 8.5.3.1, 10.7.3.3, 11.6.3, 11.6.4 and
11.7.4, Tables 2.2.2, 5.6.3, 5.6.4 and 5.7.2, Figures 3.1.8.3(A), 3.1.8.3(B) and 5.2.2, and Appendix B.
Published on 20 March 2013.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 1.7
1
In the definition of as, delete Clause 5.5.2 and replace with Clause 5.2.2.
Delete symbol M *f and replace with M f*
Add the following notation after st:
= age of concrete at the time of loading, in days

AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Table 2.2.2
Delete Table 2.2.2 and replace with the following:
ISBN 978 1 74342 381 3
TABLE 2.2.2
CAPACITY REDUCTION FACTORS ( )
Type of action effect
(a)
Axial force without bending:

(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Capacity reduction factor ( )
Tension
(A) members with Class N reinforcement
and/or tendons
0.8
(B)
0.64
members with Class L reinforcement
Compression
0.6
Bending without axial tension or compression

(i)
for members with Class N reinforcement

and/or tendons
0.6 (1.19 13k uo /12) 0.8
(ii)
for members with Class L reinforcement
0.6 (1.19 13k uo /12) 0.64
Bending with axial tension

(i)
for members with Class N reinforcement

and/or tendons
+ [(0.8 ) (N u /N uot )] and

is obtained from Item (b)(i)
(ii)
for members with Class L reinforcement
+ [(0.64 ) (N u /N uot )] and

is obtained from Item (b)(ii)
Bending with axial compression, where

(i)
N u N ub
0.6
(ii)
N u < N ub
0.6 + [( 0.6) (1 N u /N ub )]
and is obtained from Item (b)
(e)
Shear
0.7
(f)
Torsion
0.7
(g)
Bearing
0.6
(h)
Bending, shear and compression in plain concrete
0.6
(i)
Bending, shear and tension in fixings
0.6
NOTE: In members where Class L reinforcement together with Class N reinforcement and/or
tendons are used as longitudinal tensile reinforcement in the design for strength in bending, with or
without axial force, the maximum value of for calculating the member design strength should be
taken as 0.64.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 3.1.8.1
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 3.1.8.3
Delete Equation 3.1.8.1 and replace with the following:

cc = cc o / E c
. . . 3.1.8.1
Delete Clause 3.1.8.3 and replace with the following:

3.1.8.3 Design creep coefficient
The design creep coefficient for concrete at any time, t, (cc) shall be determined from the
basic creep coefficient (cc.b) by any accepted mathematical model for creep behaviour,
calibrated such that cc.b is also predicted by the chosen model.
In the absence of more accurate methods, cc at any time shall be taken as
cc = k2 k3 k4 k5 cc.b
. . . 3.1.8.3
where k2 is obtained from Figure 3.1.8.3 and k3 depends on the age of the concrete ( ) at the
time of loading (in days) and is given by the following:
k3
= 2.7/[1 + log( )] for 1 day
k4
= 0.70 for an arid environment, 0.65 for an interior environment, 0.60 for a
temperate inland environment and 0.50 for a tropical or near-coastal
environment
k5
= a modification factor for high strength concrete, which shall be taken as

k5 = 1.0
when
k5 = (2.0 3) 0.02(1.0 3) f c
when 50 MPa < f c 100 MPa
f c 50 MPa; or
the factor 3 = 0.7/(k42); and 2 is defined in Figure 3.1.8.3

Consideration shall be given to the fact that cc has a range of approximately 30%. This
range is likely to be exceeded if
(a)
the concrete member is subjected to prolonged periods of temperature in excess of

25C; or
(b)
the member is subject to sustained stress levels in excess of 0.5 f c .
*
The final design creep coefficients ( cc
) (after 30 years) predicted by this method for
concrete first loaded at 28 days are given in Table 3.1.8.3.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Figure 3.1.8.3(A)
Delete figure designation and replace with the following:
FIGURE 3.1.8.3 COEFFICIENT(k 2)
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Figure 3.1.8.3(B)
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 3.3.4.3
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 4.10.3.6
Delete figure.
Delete the notation sk6 and replace with k6.
Delete clause text and NOTE and replace with the following:
Where structural members are manufactured by spinning and rolling concrete, the cover for
corrosion protection shall be as specified in the appropriate Standard, where an equivalent
exposure classification (as identified in Clause 4.3.1 of this Standard) for the required
design life can be demonstrated.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Figure 5.2.2
Delete the Figure together with the NOTE and figure caption and replace with the
following:
h b
a s2
as
a s1
b
NOTE: Axis distance (as) is a nominal value and no allowance for tolerance need be added.
FIGURE 5.2.2 SECTIONS THROUGH STRUCTURAL MEMBERS SHOWING

AXIS DISTANCE (a s )
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 5.3.3
Delete clause text and replace with the following:
The required axis distance for prestressing tendons shall be that determined for reinforcing
bars as shown in the tables and figures of this Section, increased by 10 mm.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 5.3.7
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 5.5.2
Delete second paragraph and replace with the following:

For slabs, the FRPs may be increased by the addition of toppings and/or the application of
insulating materials to the soffit; for flat slabs and plates, only the application of an
insulating material to the soffit may be used to improve the structural adequacy.
Delete preamble and replace with the following:

The FRP for structural adequacy for a slab shall be deemed to be satisfied if the
following conditions are met:
Delete text of Item (b) [previously amended by Amendment No. 1 (2009)] and
replace with the following:
(b)
for flat slabs, including flat plates [see Table 5.5.2(B)], provided
(i)
the average axis distance to the bottom layer of reinforcement and

tendons is not less than the value in the Table; and
(ii)
when the FRP is 90 min or more, at least 20% of the total top
reinforcement in each direction over intermediate supports is continuous
over the full span and placed in the column strip;
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 5.6.2
Delete Clause text and replace with the following:
The FRP for structural adequacy for braced columns shall be determined using either
Clause 5.6.3 or 5.6.4. Where the ratio of the longer cross-section dimension of the column
is equal to or greater than 4 times the shorter cross-section dimension, Clause 5.7.2 may be
used.
NOTE: Clauses 5.6.3 and 5.6.4 cover only braced columns that comply with a series of
restrictions. For unbraced or sway columns and braced columns outside these restrictions, see
Clause 5.3.1 or the BCA and use an alternative solution.
Where columns are to be designed as walls using Clause 5.7.2, the case of a wall exposed
on two faces shall be adopted and the column shall be reinforced with two layers of
longitudinal reinforcement (one layer located adjacent to each face), and the two layers
shall be structurally restrained together.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 5.6.3 and Table 5.6.3

Delete clause and table and replace with the following:
5.6.3 Restricted tabular method to determine structural adequacy for columns
The FRP for structural adequacy for a column may be determined from Table 5.6.3,
provided the following criteria are met:
(a)
The column is proportioned so that the value for the smaller cross-sectional
dimension and the axis distance to the longitudinal reinforcement are not less than the
values for that period.
(b)
The value of the load level is taken as 0.7 or calculated as follows:

N f*
N u
. . . 5.6.3
where
N f* = design axial load in the fire situation

Nu = ultimate strength in compression, or tension, at a cross-section of an
eccentrically loaded compression or tension member respectively
(c)
Where As 0.02Ac and the required FRP is greater than 90 min, the bars are
distributed along all the faces of the column.
(d)
The effective length of the column under fire conditions is less than 3 m.
(e)
The maximum eccentricity is limited to 0.15b.
For columns that fall outside these limits, reference shall be made to alternative design
approaches, as specified in Clause 5.3.1.
NOTE: The effective length of a column under fire conditions (l 0.fi) may be assumed to be equal
to the effective length at normal temperature in all cases. For braced building structures where the
required FRP is greater than 30 min, the effective length may be taken as 0.5L u for all cases.
TABLE 5.6.3
FIRE RESISTANCE PERIODS (FRPs) FOR STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY
OF COLUMNS
Minimum dimensions, mm
FRP for
structural
adequacy
Combinations for column exposed on more than one side
N f*
Nu
N f*
Nu
= 0.2
min
as
as
30
25
200
25
200
60
25
200
36
31
90
31
25
200
300
120
40
35
180
240
N f*
Nu
= 0.5
= 0.7
N f*
Nu
= 0.7
as
32
27
200
300
25
155
200
300
46
40
250
350
25
155
45
38
300
400
53
40 (1)
350
450 (1)
25
155
250
350
45 (1)
40 (1)
350 (1)
450 (1)
57 (1)
51 (1)
350 (1)
450 (1)
35
175
45 (1)
350 (1)
63 (1)
350 (1)
70 (1)
450 (1)
55
230
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
70
295
61
350
75
450
as
Column
exposed on
one side
LEGEND:
a s = axis distance
b = smaller cross-sectional dimension of a rectangular column or the diameter of a circular column
NOTES:
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
These combinations are for columns with a minimum of 8 bars.
For prestressing tendons, the axis distance shall be increased as given in Clause 5.3.3.
Dimension b in Table for columns exposed on one side applies only to columns that lie flush
with a wall having the same FRP as the column or to columns protruding from the wall,
provided the part within the wall is able to carry the whole load. Openings in the wall shall not
be closer to the column than the minimum dimension b for the column for the FRP. In all other
cases, the column shall be treated as a column exposed on more than one side.

Delete clause and table and replace with the following:
5.6.4 General tabular method to determine structural adequacy for columns
The FRP for structural adequacy for a column may be determined from Table 5.6.4,
provided the following criteria are met:
(a)
The column is proportioned so that the value for the smaller cross-sectional
dimension and the axial distance to the longitudinal reinforcement are not less than
the values for that period.
(b)
The eccentricity under fire conditions is e =
(c)
e/b < 0.25 with emax. 100 mm.
(d)
The slenderness of the column under fire conditions is 30.
M f*
.
N f*
For columns that fall outside these limits, reference shall be made to alternative design
approaches, as specified in Clause 5.3.1.
TABLE 5.6.4
OF BRACED COLUMNS
FRP for
structural
adequacy
1.3 As f sy / Ac f c
min
0.1
30
0.5
1.0
0.1
60
0.5
1.0
0.1
90
0.5
1.0
0.1
120
0.5
1.0
0.1
180
0.5
1.0
Combinations of (a s ) and (b)
= 0.2
= 0.3
= 0.5
= 0.7
as
as
as
as
25
150
25
150
30
200
30
300
25
250
25
350
25
150
30
200
25
250
30
200
25
300
25
500
25
25
150
150
25
25
150
150
25
150
30
150
40
200
40
300
25
200
25
300
25
500
25
150
35
150
35
250
40
350
25
200
25
350
25
550
30
150
40
200
50
300
25
200
25
400
30
600
25
150
40
200
40
300
50
500
40
550
25
250
25
400
25
550
25
600
35
150
45
200
45
300
50
500
25
200
25
300
25
550
40
600
25
200
40
200
40
250
50
500
25
300
25
550
45
600
25
550
60
550
45
600
50
250
50
400
25
350
25
550
45
200
45
300
50
450
60
500
25
300
25
550
25
600
50
600
40
200
50
250
45
450
60
600
25
250
25
400
30
600
50
400
60
500
60
550
25
500
25
550
30
600
45
300
50
450
60
500
25
450
25
600
50
600
35
300
50
450
60
500
25
400
25
550
45
600
(Note 1)
75
600
(Note 1)
(continued)
TABLE 5.6.4 (continued)

FRP for
structural
adequacy
1.3 As f sy / Ac f c
min
Combinations of (a s ) and (b)
= 0.2
= 0.3
= 0.5
= 0.7
as
as
as
60
500
40
550
75
600
25
550
25
600
45
450
55
550
25
500
25
600
45
400
40
500
25
500
30
600
0.1
240
as
(Note 1)
70
600
0.5
(Note 1)
60
600
1.0
(Note 1)
LEGEND:
a s = axis distance
b = smaller cross-sectional dimension of a rectangular column or the diameter of a circular column
N f*
A f As f sy
0.7 c c +
1.5 1.15
NOTES:
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Requires a width greater than 600 mm and assessment for buckling.
The slenderness limit of 30 is applicable to the majority of columns in normal buildings.
For prestressing tendons, the axis distance shall be increased as given in Clause 5.3.3.
Dimension b in Table for columns exposed on one side applies only to columns that lie flush with a wall
having the same FRP as the column or to columns protruding from the wall, provided the part within the
wall is able to carry the whole load. Openings in the wall shall not be closer to the column than the
minimum dimension b for the column for the FRP. In all other cases, the column shall be treated as a
column exposed on more than one side.

Delete the clause and table and replace with the following:
The FRP for structural adequacy for a wall shall be in accordance with Table 5.7.2,
provided the effective thickness of the wall and axis distance are not less than the
corresponding values given in the Table.
For walls where the lateral support at the top of the wall is provided on one side only by a
member not required by the relevant authority to have an FRL, the structural adequacy shall
be deemed to have been achieved by satisfying the requirements of Clause 5.7.1.
TABLE 5.7.2
OF WALLS
Combinations of a s and b
N f*
Nu
FRP for
structural
adequacy
Wall exposed on
one side
N f*
Nu
= 0.35
Wall exposed on
two sides
Wall exposed on
one side
= 0.7
Wall exposed on
two sides
min
as
as
as
as
30
60
90
10
10
20
100
110
120
10
10
10
120
120
140
10
10
25
120
130
140
10
10
25
120
140
170
120
180
240
25
40
55
150
180
230
25
45
55
160
200
250
35
50
60
160
210
270
35
55
60
220
270
350
LEGEND:
a s = axis distance
b = wall thickness
NOTES:
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
For N f* / N u see Clause 5.6.3.
For prestressing tendons, the axis shall be increased, as specified in Clause 5.3.3.
Clause 7.2.4
1
Delete If the calculated bursting force ( Tb* ) is greater than 0.5T b.cr , then transverse
reinforcement shall be provided in either and replace with the following:
If the calculated bursting force ( Tb* ) is greater than 0.5T b.cr , with tan taken as ,
then transverse reinforcement shall be provided in either
Delete Item (A) and replace with the following:

(A)
for serviceability
*
*
Asi f si sin i max T b.s
, T b.cr
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 8.1.5 [previously amended by Amendment No. 1 (2009)]
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 8.1.9
. . . 7.2.4(2)
Second paragraph, first line, delete M* > 0.6Mu and replace with M* > 0.6Muo.
Last line, delete reference to Clause 8.6(b) and replace with Clause 8.6.1(b).
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 8.1.10.1
Delete the first two paragraphs and replace with the following:
Where flexural reinforcement and pretensioned tendons are to be terminated, the bars or
tendons shall be extended from the theoretical cut-off point, or theoretical debonding point,
by a length of at least 1.0D + Lst, or 1.0D + Lpt, respectively, where D is the member depth
at the theoretical cut-off point or theoretical debonding point.
Clause 8.2.1
Delete the first paragraph and replace with the following:
This Clause applies to reinforced and prestressed beams subjected to any combination of
shear force, torsion, bending moment and axial force. When torsion acts in conjunction with
shear force, the additional requirements of Clause 8.3 shall apply.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 8.2.7.1
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 8.3.4, Item (a)
Delete definition for Ast and replace with the following:

Ast = cross-sectional area of longitudinal reinforcement provided in the tensile zone
and fully anchored in accordance with the principles of Clause 8.1.10.1, in the
direction of reducing moment, at the cross-section under consideration
Delete Item (a) and replace with the following:

(a)
Torsional reinforcement is required if

(i)
T * > 0.25Tuc ; or
. . . 8.3.4(1)
(ii)
T*
V*
+
> 0.5
Tuc Vuc
. . . 8.3.4(2)
or if the overall depth does not exceed the greater of 250 mm and half the width
of the web
T*
V*
+
> 1.0
Tuc Vuc
. . . 8.3.4(3)
where Tuc and Vuc are calculated in accordance with Clauses 8.3.5 and 8.2.7
respectively.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 8.3.4, Item (b)
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 8.5.3.1
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 10.7.3.3
Delete the word not in the first line.
In paragraph commencing Alternatively, as a further simplification. delete bes and

replace with be.
In the definition for delete tie and replace with fitment.
In Item (a), in the definition for w delete tied and replace with restrained.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 11.6.3
1
Clause title, delete without shear reinforcement and replace with excluding wall
reinforcement.
First sentence, first line, delete without shear reinforcement and replace with
excluding wall reinforcement.
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 11.6.4
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Clause 11.7.4, Item (b)
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Appendix B, Table B4.3
AMDT
No. 2
MAR
2013
Appendix B, Paragraph B4.5
Clause title, delete shear reinforcement and replace with wall reinforcement.
First sentence, first line, delete shear reinforcement and replace with wall
reinforcement.
Delete the second Item (i) and replace with the following:
(ii)
the vertical reinforcement ratio is not greater than 0.01 and a minimum
horizontal reinforcement ratio of 0.0025 is provided.
Delete column heading wording Expected coefficient variation and replace with
Expected coefficient of variation.
Delete Item (a) and replace with the following:

(a)
Variability Production units shall be similar in all respects to the prototypes

tested, and variability of production shall be equal to or less than the expected
variability determined at prototype testing for serviceability or for strength, as
appropriate.
Last paragraph, first line, after strength, add and serviceability.
Last paragraph, third line, delete coefficient at variation and replace with
coefficient of variation.

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LICENCE

Saturday, 19 April 2014 3:00 PM

3.1. By using the Product

Know when a Standard has changed

Delete symbol M *f and replace with M f*

Add the following notation after st:

= age of concrete at the time of loading, in days

ISBN 978 1 74342 381 3

Axial force without bending:

Capacity reduction factor ( )

members with Class L reinforcement

Bending without axial tension or compression

for members with Class N reinforcement

0.6 (1.19 13k uo /12) 0.8

for members with Class L reinforcement

0.6 (1.19 13k uo /12) 0.64

Bending with axial tension

for members with Class N reinforcement

+ [(0.8 ) (N u /N uot )] and

for members with Class L reinforcement

+ [(0.64 ) (N u /N uot )] and

Bending with axial compression, where

Bending, shear and compression in plain concrete

Bending, shear and tension in fixings

Delete Equation 3.1.8.1 and replace with the following:

Delete Clause 3.1.8.3 and replace with the following:

In the absence of more accurate methods, cc at any time shall be taken as

= 2.7/[1 + log( )] for 1 day

= a modification factor for high strength concrete, which shall be taken as

when 50 MPa < f c 100 MPa

the factor 3 = 0.7/(k42); and 2 is defined in Figure 3.1.8.3

the concrete member is subjected to prolonged periods of temperature in excess of

the member is subject to sustained stress levels in excess of 0.5 f c .

Delete the notation sk6 and replace with k6.

FIGURE 5.2.2 SECTIONS THROUGH STRUCTURAL MEMBERS SHOWING

Delete second paragraph and replace with the following:

Delete preamble and replace with the following:

the average axis distance to the bottom layer of reinforcement and

Clause 5.6.3 and Table 5.6.3

The value of the load level is taken as 0.7 or calculated as follows:

N f* = design axial load in the fire situation

The maximum eccentricity is limited to 0.15b.

Combinations for column exposed on more than one side

These combinations are for columns with a minimum of 8 bars.

Clause 5.6.4 and Table 5.6.4

The eccentricity under fire conditions is e =

e/b < 0.25 with emax. 100 mm.

The slenderness of the column under fire conditions is 30.

Combinations of (a s ) and (b)

TABLE 5.6.4 (continued)

Combinations of (a s ) and (b)

Requires a width greater than 600 mm and assessment for buckling.

The slenderness limit of 30 is applicable to the majority of columns in normal buildings.

Clause 5.7.2 and Table 5.7.2

For N f* / N u see Clause 5.6.3.

Delete Item (A) and replace with the following:

Clause 8.1.5 [previously amended by Amendment No. 1 (2009)]

Clause 8.3.4, Item (a)

Delete definition for Ast and replace with the following:

Delete Item (a) and replace with the following:

Torsional reinforcement is required if

Clause 8.3.4, Item (b)

Delete the word not in the first line.

In paragraph commencing Alternatively, as a further simplification. delete bes and

Delete symbol M f and replace with M f