UJIAN PRESTASI MURID 2015

A. SISTEM RESPIRASI MANUSIA

1. Diagram 1 (a) shows the human respiratory system.
Rajah 1 (a) menunjukkan system respirasi manusia.
Diagram 1 (a)
Rajah 1(a)

a) Name the following parts.

Namakan bahagian-bahagian ini.
i.

Q: _____________________________________________________

ii.

R: _____________________________________________________
(2 Markah)

b) (i) Name the structure that supports the walls of Q.

Namakan struktur yang menyokong dinding Q.
_______________________________________________________________
(1 Markah)
(ii) What is the function of this structure?
Apakah fungsi struktur ini?
_______________________________________________________________
(1 Markah)
c) During inhalation, what happens to,
Semasa menarif nafas, apakah yang berlaku kepada,
(i) the volume of the thoracic cavity?
isipadu rongga toraks?
_______________________________________________________________
(1 Markah )
(ii) the air pressure in the thoracic cavity?
tekanan udara dalam rongga toraks?
_______________________________________________________________
( 1 Markah)
1

UJIAN PRESTASI MURID 2015

2. Diagram 2 shows the breathing mechanism in the human respiratory system.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan mekanisme pernafasan dalam system respirasi manusia.

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

a) Identify processes X and Y.

Kenal pasti proses X dan Y.
(i) X : ______________________________________________________
(ii) Y : ______________________________________________________
( 2 Markah )
b) Using letters in Diagram 2, fill in the boxes below to show the pathway of air
during process X.
Menggunakan huruf-huruf dalam Rajah 2, isi kotak dibawah untuk menunjukkan
laluan udara semasa proses X.

( 2 Markah)

c) What happens to the structure T during process Y?

Apakah yang akan berlaku pada struktur T semasa proses Y?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

( 1 Markah)

UJIAN PRESTASI MURID 2015

3. Diagram 3 shows a poster which discourages the habit of smoking.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu poster anti merokok.
Diagram 3
Rajah 3

a) Name three hazardous chemicals in cigarette smoke.

Namakan tiga bahan kimia berbahaya dalam asap rokok.
i.
____________________________________________________________
ii.

____________________________________________________________

iii.

____________________________________________________________
( 3 Markah )

b) Explain briefly how one of the chemicals named in (a) can be harmful to our health.
Terangkan secara ringkas bagaimana salah satu bahan kimia yang dinamakan dalam
(a) boleh membahayakan kesihatan kita.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
( 1 Markah)

c) Other than the chemicals in cigarette smoke, give one other reason why smoking is
harmful to the respiratory system.
Selain bahan kimia dalam asap rokok, beri satu sebab lain mengapa amalan merokok
berbahaya kepada system respiratori.
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

( 1 Markah )

UJIAN PRESTASI MURID 2015

B. SISTEM PEREDARAN DARAH
4. Diagram 4 shows the human blood circulatory system.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan system peredaran darah manusia.

Diagram 4
Rajah 4

a) On Diagram 4, label the following parts:

Pada Rajah 4, labelkan bahagian-bahagian berikut:
i. Pulmonary circulation
Peredaran pulmonari
ii. Systemic circulation
Peredaran sistemik
( 2 Markah )
b) On Diagram 1, show and label the,
Pada Rajah 1, tunjukkan dan labelkan,
i. Vena cava
Vena cava
ii. Aorta
Aorta
( 2 Markah)
c) Why are valves present in veins?
Mengapakah injab terdapat di dalam vena?
____________________________________________________________________
( 1 Markah )
d) Why is the wall of the left ventricle thicker than the wall of the right ventricle?
Mengapakah dinding ventrikel kiri lebih tebal berbanding dengan dinding ventrikel
kanan?
___________________________________________________________________
(1 Markah )
4

UJIAN PRESTASI MURID 2015

5. Diagram 5 shows a longitudinal section of human heart.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan keratan membujur jantung manusia.

Diagram 5
Rajah 5

a) On Diagram 5, label three blood vessels using the following words.

Pada Rajah 5, labelkan tiga salur darah dengan menggunakan perkataan berikut;
Pulmonary vein,
Vena Pulmonari,

Aorta,
Aorta,

Vena cava
vena cava
( 3 Markah )

b) (i) Which chamber , P or Q exerts more pressure when pumping blood from heart?
Antara ruang P dan Q, yang manakah memberi lebih tekanan apabila mengepam
darah dari jantung?
_________________________________________________________________
( 1 Markah )
(ii) Explain your answer in (b) (i).
Terangkan jawapan anda dalam (b) (i)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
( 2 Markah )
c) What is the function of the part labelled R ?
Apakah fungsi bahagian yang berlabel R?
_____________________________________________________________________
( 1 Markah )