(8) Magnetic Current Test

Test Purpose:

Magnetizing current test of transformer locates the defects in the magnetic

core structure, shifting of windings, failure in turn to turn insulation or
problem in tap changers.
These conditions change the effective reluctance of the magnetic circuit, thus
affecting the electric current required to establish flux in the core.

Test Instrument:

Multi meter.
Mill Ammeter

Test Circuit Diagram:

Three phases LT Voltage of 415 V applied on HV side of Power transformer

and currents are to be measured with mill ammeter.
The value shall be = (1 to 2 percent of rated full load current of TC / HT KV )
X Voltage Applied

Test Procedure:

First of all keep the tap changer in the lowest position and open all IV & LV
terminals.
Then apply three phase 415V supply on the line terminals for three phase
transformers and single phase 230V supply on single phase transformers.
Measure the supply voltage and electric current in each phase.
Now repeat the magnetizing current test of transformer test with keeping tap
changer in normal position.
And repeat the test with keeping the tap at highest position.
Generally there are two similar higher readings on two outer limb phases on
transformer core and one lower reading on the center limb phase, in case of
three phase transformers.
An agreement to within 30 % of the measured exciting current with the
previous test is usually considered satisfactory. If the measured exciting

current value is 50 times higher than the value measured during factory test,
there is likelihood of a fault in the winding which needs further analysis.
Test Caution:

This magnetizing current test of transformer is to be carried out before DC

resistance measureme

(9) Magnetic Balance Test

Test Purpose:

Magnetic balance test of transformer is conducted only on three phase

transformers to check the imbalance in the magnetic circuit.

Test Instrument:

Multi meter.
Mill Ammeter

Test Circuit Diagram:

Test Procedure:

First keep the tap changer of transformer in normal position.

Now disconnect the transformer neutral from ground.
Then apply single phase 230V AC supply across one of the HV winding
terminals and neutral terminal.
Measure the voltage in two other HV terminals in respect of neutral terminal.
Repeat the test for each of the three phases.
In case of auto transformer, magnetic balance test of transformer should be
repeated for IV winding also.
There are three limbs side by side in a core of transformer. One phase winding
is wound in one limb. The voltage induced in different phases depends upon
the respective position of the limb in the core.

The voltage induced in different phases of transformer in respect to neutral

terminals given in the table below.
415V, Two phase supply is to be applied to any two phases terminals on HV
side of Power transformer and voltages in other two phase combination are to
be measured with LT open.
Sum of the Resultant two values shall be equal to the voltage applied.

Applied Voltage (415V)

RY
YB
BR

Measured Voltage(V1) Measured Voltage(V2)

YB
BR
RY
BR
YB
RY

(10) High Voltage tests on HV & LV Winding:

Test Purpose:

To checks the insulation property between Primary to earth, Secondary to

earth and between Primary & Secondary.

Test Instrument:

High Voltage tester ( 100KV & 3KV)

Result
V=V1+V2
V=V1+V2
V=V1+V2