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Chapter 1 :
1. Which of the following individuals is considered to
be the Father of Microbiology?
a. Anton von Leeuwenhoek
b. Louis Pasteur
c. Robert Koch
d. Rudolf Virchow
2. The microbes that usually live on or in a person are
collectively referred to as:
a. germs.
b. indigenous microflora.
c. nonpathogens.
d. opportunistic pathogens.
3. Microbes that live on dead and decaying organic
material are known as:
a. indigenous microflora.
b. parasites.
c. pathogens.
d. saprophytes.
4. The study of algae is called:
a. algaeology.
b. botany.
c. mycology.
d. phycology.
5. The field of parasitology involves the study of which
of the following types of organisms?
a. arthropods, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses
b. arthropods, helminths, and certain protozoa
c. bacteria, fungi, and protozoa
d. bacteria, fungi, and viruses
6. Rudolf Virchow is given credit for proposing which
of the following theories?
a. abiogenesis
b. biogenesis
c. germ theory of disease
d. spontaneous generation
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True/False Questions
_____ 1.
_____ 2.
_____ 3.
_____ 4.
_____ 5.
_____ 6.
_____ 7.
Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch made significant contributions to the Germ
Theory of Disease.
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_____ 8.
Pasteurization is a process that kills all microorganisms present in the liquid being
pasteurized.
_____ 9.
_____ 10.
Infectious diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans are known as
zoonoses.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
True
False (the reverse is true)
True
True
False (3.5 billion years ago)
False (Leeuwenhoek did not make the link between diseases and the microorganisms he
observed; scientists like Pasteur and Koch made such connections)
True
False (pasteurization is a process designed to kill pathogens; it does not kill all of the
microorganisms that might be present in the liquid being pasteurized)
True
True
Chapter 2 :
1. A millimeter is equivalent to how many nanometers?
a. 1,000
b. 10,000
c. 100,000
d. 1,000,000
2. Assume that a pinhead is 1 mm in diameter. How
many spherical bacteria (cocci), lined up side by side,
would fit across the pinhead? (Hint: Use information
from Table 2-1.)
a. 100
b. 1,000
c. 10,000
d. 100,000
3. What is the length of an average rod-shaped bacterium
(bacillus)?
a. 3 _m
b. 3 nm
c. 0.3 mm
d. 0.03 mm
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a. condenser lens.
b. magnifying lens.
c. objective lens.
d. ocular lens.
_____ 1.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek is given credit for developing the first compound light
microscope.
_____ 2.
The wavelength of visible light limits the size of objects that can be seen with the
compound light microscope.
_____ 3.
_____ 4.
_____ 5.
_____ 6.
_____ 7.
_____ 8.
The total magnification achieved when the oil immersion lens is used is 1,000.
_____ 9.
_____ 10.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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Chapter 3 :
1. Molecules of extrachromosomal DNA are also
known as:
a. Golgi bodies.
b. lysosomes.
c. plasmids.
d. plastids.
2. A bacterium possessing a tuft of flagella at one
end of its cell would be called what kind of bacterium?
a. amphitrichous
b. lophotrichous
c. monotrichous
d. peritrichous
3. One way in which an archaean would differ from a
bacterium is that the archaean would possess no:
a. DNA in its chromosome.
b. peptidoglycan in its cell walls.
c. ribosomes in its cytoplasm.
d. RNA in its ribosomes.
4. Some bacteria stain Gram-positive and others stain
Gram-negative as a result of differences in the structure
of their:
a. capsule.
b. cell membrane.
c. cell wall.
d. ribosomes.
5. Of the following, which one is not found in procaryotic
cells?
a. cell membrane
b. chromosome
c. mitochondria
d. plasmids
6. The Three-Domain System of Classification is
based on differences in which of the following
molecules?
a. mRNA
b. peptidoglycan
c. rRNA
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d. tRNA
7. Which of the following is in the correct sequence?
a. Kingdom, Class, Division, Order, Family, Genus
b. Kingdom, Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus
c. Kingdom, Division, Order, Class, Family, Genus
d. Kingdom, Order, Division, Class, Family, Genus
The internal structure of procaryotic flagella is the same as the internal structure
of eucaryotic flagella.
_____ 2.
The internal structure of eucaryotic cilia is the same as the internal structure of
eucaryotic flagella.
_____ 3.
_____ 4.
Bacteria never have cilia and eucaryotic cells never have pili.
_____ 5.
_____ 6.
One way that archaea differ from bacteria is that archaea possess more
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Chitin is found in the cell walls of algae, but is not found in the cell walls of any
other types of microorganisms.
_____ 8.
_____ 9.
_____ 10.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Chapter 4 :
1. Which one of the following steps occurs during the
multiplication of animal viruses, but not during the
multiplication of bacteriophages?
a. assembly
b. biosynthesis
c. penetration
d. uncoating
2. Which one of the following diseases or groups of
diseases is not caused by prions?
a. certain plant diseases
b. chronic wasting disease of deer and elk
c. Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease of humans
d. mad cow disease
3. Most procaryotic cells reproduce by:
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a. binary fission.
b. budding.
c. gamete production.
d. spore formation.
4. The group of bacteria that lack rigid cell walls and
take on irregular shapes is:
a. chlamydias.
b. mycobacteria.
c. mycoplasmas.
d. rickettsias.
5. At the end of the Gram staining procedure, Grampositive
bacteria will be:
a. blue to purple.
b. green.
c. orange.
d. pink to red.
6. Which one of the following statements about rickettsias
is false?
a. Diseases caused by rickettsias are arthropod-borne.
b. Rickets is caused by a Rickettsia species.
c. Rickettsia species cause typhus and typhuslike
diseases.
d. Rickettsias have leaky membranes.
7. Which one of the following statements about
Chlamydia and Chlamydophila spp. is false?
a. They are obligate intracellular pathogens.
b. They are considered to be energy parasites.
c. The diseases they cause are all arthropod-borne.
d. They are considered to be Gram-negative bacteria.
8. Which one of the following statements about
cyanobacteria is false?
a. Although cyanobacteria are photosynthetic, they do
not produce oxygen as a result of photosynthesis.
b. At one time, cyanobacteria were called bluegreen
algae.
c. Some cyanobacteria are capable of nitrogen
fixation.
d. Some cyanobacteria are important medically
because they produce toxins
9. Which one of the following statements about
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archaea is false?
a. Archaea are more closely related to eucaryotes
than they are to bacteria.
b. Both archaea and bacteria are procaryotic
organisms.
c. Some archaea live in extremely hot environments.
d. The cell walls of archaea contain a thicker layer
of peptidoglycan than the cell walls of bacteria.
10. An organism that does not require oxygen, grows
better in the absence of oxygen, but can survive in
atmospheres containing some molecular oxygen is
known as a(n):
a. aerotolerant anaerobe.
b. capnophile.
c. facultative anaerobe.
d. microaerophile.
_____ 1.
_____ 2.
_____ 3.
_____ 4.
_____ 5.
_____ 6.
_____ 7.
_____ 8.
_____ 9.
_____ 10.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
True
False (they contain either DNA or RNA)
False (archaean cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan)
False (temperate bacteriophages cause lysogeny)
False (yes they can)
False (viroids and prions are infectious agents that are smaller than viruses)
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8.
9.
10.
7.
True
False (prions are infectious proteins; viroids are infectious RNA molecules)
True
True
Chapter 5 :
True/False Questions
_____ 1.
_____ 2.
_____ 3.
_____ 4.
_____ 5.
_____ 6.
_____ 7.
_____ 8.
_____ 9.
_____ 10.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
True
False (they move by means of cilia)
False (a dimorphic fungus would exist as a yeast inside the human body)
True
True
False (a stigma or eyespot is a photosensing organelle)
False (asexual spores are also known as conidia)
False (classification of fungi is based on the type of sexual spores that they produce)
False (amebas move by means of pseudopodia; sporozoans do not move)
True
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Chapter 6 :
1. Which of the following are the building blocks of
proteins?
a. amino acids
b. monosaccharides
c. nucleotides
d. peptides
2. Glucose, sucrose, and cellulose are examples of:
a. carbohydrates.
b. disaccharides.
c. monosaccharides.
d. polysaccharides.
3. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not
found in an RNA molecule?
a. adenine
b. guanine
c. thymine
d. uracil
4. Which of the following are purines?
a. adenine and guanine
b. adenine and thymine
c. guanine and uracil
d. guanine and cytosine
5. Which one of the following is not found at the site of
protein synthesis?
a. DNA
b. mRNA
c. rRNA
d. tRNA
6. Which of the following statements about DNA is
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(are) true?
a. DNA contains thymine but not uracil.
b. DNA molecules contain deoxyribose.
c. In a double-stranded DNA molecule, adenine on
one strand will be connected to thymine on the
complementary strand by two hydrogen bonds.
d. All of the above statements are true.
7. The amino acids in a polypeptide chain are connected
by:
a. covalent bonds.
b. glycosidic bonds.
c. peptide bonds.
d. both a and c.
8. Which of the following statements about nucleotides
is (are) true?
a. A nucleotide contains a nitrogenous base.
b. A nucleotide contains a pentose.
c. A nucleotide contains a phosphate group.
d. All of the above statements are true.
9. A heptose contains how many carbon atoms?
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7
10. Virtually all enzymes are:
a. carbohydrates.
b. nucleic acids.
c. proteins.
d. substrates.
_____ 1.
_____ 2.
_____ 3.
The waxes in the cell walls of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cause this organism to
be acid-fast.
_____ 4.
_____ 5.
_____ 6.
Genes that are expressed only when needed are called constitutive genes.
_____ 7.
_____ 8.
_____ 9.
The peptide bonds that hold amino acids together in protein molecules are
examples of covalent bonds.
_____10.
In double-stranded DNA molecules, the two strands are held together by
hydrogen bonds.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
True
False (a DNA nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, deoxyribose, and a phosphate
group)
True
True
False (DNA polymerase is the most important enzyme involved in DNA replication, but
other enzymes are also involved)
False (genes that are expressed only when needed are called inducible genes; genes that
are expressed all of the time are called constitutive genes)
True
False (amino acids are activated by attaching to an appropriate tRNA molecule)
True
True
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