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Optimum Selection of Artificial Lift System for Iranian Heavy Oil Fields
A. Taheri and A. Hooshmand, SPE, HPOGC
Abstract
Kuh-E-Mond as the first priority of heavy oil prospect in Iran
is located in southwest of Iran and 80 km southeastern of
Boushehr, one of the important Iranian ports in Persian Gulf
coasts.
Well MD-6 was spudded on September 19, 1984 for
confirmation of the heavy oil occurrence in Asmari-Jahrum
formation and Bangestan group in Kuh-E-Mond structure.
Black tarry oil with gravity of 13 API degree occurred in the
samples through most of the Sarvak limestone. Because there
were no development programs in this field, the well was
secured and the rig was released on May 5, 1985. The field
was put on the development program on early 1999. The well
MD-6 was opened and the static oil level in the well was 400
m below surface.
Clearly, some sort of artificial lift was needed in order to flow
the well and restore the production rate to the normal levels
and to maximize the ultimate recovery.
The decision of which artificial lift method to use is very
important to the long-term profitability of the field. An
improper selection of artificial lift can reduce production and
increase the operating cost substantially. Once a decision has
been made on the type to install on a well, it can be rarely
altered whether or not the method selected was and still is the
optimal for the existing conditions.
This paper presents the screening criteria on the different
artificial lift techniques and discusses why the choice were
confined to PCP as the most suitable techniques to be applied
in this well. The paper studies the technical consideration
behind each method of artificial lift for this well (Beam Pump,
ESP, PCP, Gas Lift and Hydraulic Lift) and the technical
discussions for selecting PCP.
Introduction
Development phase of Kuh-E-Mond field was started from
early 1999. Well MD-6 was nominated to be completed by an
artificial lift method to flow the well and evaluate the reservoir
fluid behavior.
Due to the relatively low reservoir pressure and high oil
specific gravity, one kind of artificial lift was needed in order
to flow the well and restore the production rate to the normal
levels and to maximize the ultimate recovery.
In light of above considerations, a study has been conducted to
select suitable technique to be applied for the field in order to
optimize production and to maximize field recovery.
Reservoir Description
Kuh-E-Mond structure is a large northwest-southeast trending
anticline of 900 km long and 16 km wide, lying along Persian
Gulf.(Figure 1) The structure is relatively asymmetrical
anticline in which the axial plan was cut by numerous faults
and causes some displacements in the central part and around
the plunges of the structure. The flanks of anticline have
gentle dips; in a way that the average dips of southwest and
northeast flanks are 17o and 15o, respectively. General
speaking, this anticline follows the same structural trend of
other south-western Iranian structures and its configuration
has been affected by Hormoz Series movements (Infra
Cambrian to recent).
This field has 7 wells that only one of them (MD-6) that is
completed in Sarvak formation is the purpose of this study.
(The other 6 well were drilled to the target of gas production
from lower reservoirs and due to the very high sulfur content
of the reservoir, all of them were abandoned).
This well (MD-6) was spudded on September 19, 1984 in
order to configure the occurrence of heavy oil in AsmariJahrum formation and Bangestan group in Kuh-E-Mond
structure. While circulating mud after acidizing around fish at
the depth of 578 mdd in Jahrum formation, a noticeable
amount of oil with 32 API gravity flowed to surface. The mud
circulation was contaminated by heavy oil at the depth of 1111
m in Laffan Shale member of Bangestan group. Black tarry oil
occurred in the samples through most of the sarvak limestone.
An interval of 20 meters in the middle part of Sarvak was
highly oil stained. The oil of Sarvak formation flowed to the
borehole from 1113 m built up to 788 m ( about 325 m of oil
column) when the drilling operations were quit for 35 hours.
The remaining interval of Sarvak formation drilled without
coring. The well was secured and the rig was released on May
5, 1985.
Table 1 shows the top formation depth was seen in this drilling
operation.
Selection of the Suitable Artificial Lift Method
Because there were no development programs in this field, the
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Achnowledgement
The authors wish to acknowledge HPOGC (Iran) and its
manager K. Samimi for granting permission to present and
publish this paper. Also the technical support of D. Koohkahni
is appreciating.
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
14.
Gachsaran
Surface
Asmari
303
Jahrum
334
Pabdeh
776
Gurpi
812
Ilam
990
Lafan
1095
Sarvak
1113
Kazhdumi
1437
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Kuh-E-Mond
Reservoir Name
Sarvak
Well Name
MD-6
Location
Boushehr
160-170
120
1535
4578
110
1408 @ 3671 ft
1312
2297
0.9792
0.7
2.65
API
13
915
1500 for 200 BFPD (calculated)
200-250
100
20
GOR (scf/STB)
Casing Properties
100
9 5/8 in., L80, 43.5lb/ft, High Drill Super EU
Liner Properties
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Stroke
Length
(in)
56
Plunger
Size
(in)
1 3/4
Pump
Speed
(rpm)
13
56
1 1/2
18
64
1 3/4
11
64
1 1/2
15
240
1 3/4
240
1 1/2
Design
No.
350.0 bbls/D
80%
Pump Speed
150 RPM
Fluid Level
2500 ftKB
Bottomhole Pressure
635 psi
100 psi
0 psi
Bottomhole Temperature
140F
Temperature Gradient
0.00F/100ft
346.12 psi
2339.07 psi
Hydrostatic Head
1041.4 psi
Flow Losses
851.60 psi
110.68%
788 ft-lbs
19.9 kips
102.5%@ 0 ftKB
1.03
0.80
Connection
29.2 hp
26.3 hp
System Mechanical/Electrical
61.3%
System Overall
Pump Intake Pressure
49.0%
346.12 psi
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11
12
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