Waste is a one of material wasted or discarded from human activity, although the process

in nature is a who do not have economic value, could even have a negative empact to human
economic (Chartier, 2014).
In general, non-medical waste can be divided into:
1. Liquid waste
2. Solid waste
3. Gas waste
Of the level of danger is known as toxic and hazardous wastes.
The waste types possess different properties, thus requiring different methods of waste
management, before being discharged into the environment (Paramita, 2007).
1. Management Liquid Waste
Liquid waste can come from three sources, namely:
a. Liquid waste from households, trade residential, Recreational
b. Liquid waste from industry
c. Liquid waste from overflow of rainwater
Characteristic properties of the waste water can be divided into:
a. Physical properties (solids, color, turbidity, temperature, smell and taste)
b. Chemical properties (alkalinity, metals, anions, phenol, detergents, etc)
c. Biology properties

Based on the composition and its properties, liquid waste management can be done in stages
as follows:
a. Pretreatment
Preliminary management aims to separate objects that floati or sink in, to dacilitate the
process of further waste management. Preliminary management is done by centrifugal
pumps ande are usually combined with a counter or a chopper to facilitate withdrawal of
sand.
b. Primary Treatment
Aims to emliminate mixed solids through precipitation or floating. Use of chemical
additive to eliminate precipitation.
c. Desinfection
To reduce pathogenic microorganisms present in the liquid waste. That is widely used is
chlorine to kill bacteria.
d. Ultimate Disposal
Of liquid waste treatment sites generate sludge to be addressed specifically.
Sludge processing is done by the following process :
a. Concentration process
b. Stabilization process
c. Setting process
d. Water reduction process
e. Drying process
F. Disposal process

2. Management Solid Waste

Some Problems of solid waste can be broken down as follow : (Subekti, 2011)
a. Solid waste that cause feelings of aesthetic, not beautiful and nasty, dirty and littered
b. Solid waste disposal require ample land, covered, away from the settlement.
c. Solid wastes containing organic and inorganic materials, the flies, tas, dogs, and wild cats.
d. Solid waste can produce a smell of gas and sut pollution. When decomposing contaminate
surface water.
e. Solid waste mixed up, no selection is so difficult to handle.
Solid waste handling is done with :
a. Transport to a waste management
b. Collecting
c. Storage
d. Processing pretreatment
Solid waste processing :
a. Dumping
To cover the indentation land, swamp or ravine.
b. Grinding
c. Organic waste reduction
Steaming trash for reduce organic ingredients.
d. Compression so compact and solid.
e. Milling or demolition waste.

f. Wet oxidation
Mixing with water for a process of anaerobic fermentation produce methane gas
a. Anaerobic digestion to produce gas.
b. Composting
c. Combustion
d. Sanitation burning in the soil.
Garbage piled closed with the empire, reduce air pollution.
e. Pyrolysis: the decomposition of chemical compounds at high temperatures with a perfect
combustion.

3. Processing Air Waste

a. Characteristic of air waste
Primary air polutan can be divided into :
-

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Nitrogen oxides (Nox)

Hydrocarbon (HC)

Sulfur Oxides (Sox)

Particle

The main sources of pollution are: transportation, industry and households that affect
pollutant concentrations are: temperature, wind and geographical conditions (Chartier, 2014)..
The Principle of Air Pollution Control.
b. Pollution control metohds:

The point source.

Naturally pollution on air pollution on air pollutant concentrations extent where no

dangerous humans, animals and goods.

c. Control of Particulate Emissions

d. Control Waste Gas
e. Control Odor (Odor)
f. The control of indoor air quality
Toxic materials and hazardous waste is waste that has on or more characteristics: (Prssstn, 2005)
a. Explosive
b. Flammable
c. Reacrive
d. Poisonous
e. Cause infection
f. Corrosion

Technology used to process toxic and hazardous wastes that:

a. Combustuion
With heat treatment, chemical processes, physical and biological change into less
hazardous materials or dangerous.
b. Processing in the soil
Besides changing the hazardous waste as well as a storage space beyond.

c. Biological treatment
Technology that can process organic waste and toxic materials and hazardous metals
using bioremeditation technologiesn that utilitize microorganisms

Dapus :
Chartier, Yves. Emmanuel, Jorge. 2014. Safe Management of Wastes from HealthCare Activities 2nd Edition. WHO
Paramita, N. 2007. Evaluasi Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Sakit Pusat Angkatan Darat
Gatot Soebroto. Jurnal Presipitasi Vol. 2 No.1 Maret 2007, ISSN 1907187X
Subekti, Sri. 2011. Pengaruh dan Dampak Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit terhadap Kesehatan
serta Lingkungan. http://jurnal.unpand.ac.id.
Prssstn, A., Giroult, E. and Rushbrook, P. 2005. Pengelolaan Aman Limbah
Layanan Kesehatan. Jakarta: EGC hal 2130