Practical knowledge related with section materials

1Category of section materials

1Simple section steel
square steel -- hot rolled square steel, cold drawn square steel round steel-- hot rolled round
steel, forged round steel, cold drawn round steel wire steel flat steel spring flat steel
angle steel -- equal-angle steel, angle steel with unequal legs triangular steel hexagonal
steel arch steel oval steel
2 Complicated section steel
I beamcommercial I beam, light-weight I beam
channel beamhot rolled channel beam commercial channel steel, light-weight channel
beam, bended channel beam
H-shape steel also know as long-legged I beam
steel railheavy rail, light rail, crane rail, other special rails
sash bar
steel sheet pile
bended section steelcold bended section steel, hot bended section steel
Other
2Large, medium, small size categorization of section steels

Large size

Medium size

I beam

Height 180mm

Height180mm

Channel
beam

Height 180mm

Height180mm

Equal angle
steel

Edge width 160mm

Edge width50 -140mm

Small size

Edge width20 -45mm

Angle steel
Edge width160 100mm Edge width14090-50 32
with unequal
mm
legs

Edge width45 28 mm

Round steel

Diameter 38 -80mm

Diameter 10 -36 mm

Square steel Edge width 90mm

Edge width50 -75 mm

Edge width10 -25 mm

Flat steel

Width 60 -100 mm

Width 12 -55 mm

Diameter 40 mm

Diameter 10 -36 mm

Threaded
steel

Diameter 90mm

Width 120mm

Rivet steel
Other

Diameter10 -22 mm
Shaped steelcaterpillar Shaped steel, composite flat
block, and steel sheet pile, steel for small-sized
agricultural tools, etc.
etc.

Shaped steel, agricultural

steel, and sash bar, etc.

3Hot rolled ribbed bar

1Categories and specification
The hot rolled ribbed bars have steel numbers composed of HRB and the value at the minimum yield
point. H, R, and B stand for Hot rolled, Ribbed, and Bars, respectively. Hot rolled ribbed bars have 3
steel numbers: HRB335original steel number is20MnSi, HRB400original steel numbers are
20MnSiV, 20MnSiNb, and 20MnTi, and HRB500.
2Vanadium grade threaded steel bar
Vanadium grade threaded steel bar has a prominent market
Alloys such as vanadium, niobium, and titanium, etc. are added during the production of vanadium
grade new threaded steel bar20MnSiV, 400Mpa. Compared with commercial grade threaded
steel bar, the vanadium grade III threaded bar has such advantages as high strength, strong
toughness, good welding performance, and good seism resistance, etc.. In the construction market
in developed nations in Europe, the market share of grade threaded bar accounts for 80% of the
total market share of the threaded bar, e.g., percentage of vanadium grade III threaded bars used
has reached 80-90% in such nations as UK, Germany, Australia, and Japan, etc.. In 1995, the
former department of metallurgy, together with the department of construction of China, expressed
their demands explicitly in a document for the industry to use this type of bars. The department of
construction added the technical requirement of new grade III threaded bar into the specifications
of concrete structural design of National standard GBJ10-89, which has been in effective since Jan.
1, 1997. Nowadays, the new grade III threaded bar has been successfully applied in the
construction projects including high buildings, large-sized power stations, bridges, tunnels, and
airports, etc., which shows the future of the market is very prominent. The department of
construction required that the use of the new grade III bar should account for 50% of the total
threaded bar consumption by the end of 2002, and that 80% by the end of the 10th five-year
plan. However, due to the non-sufficient media and advertising work, the use of new bar is much
lower than the consumption of the old grade II commercial threaded bar. Therefore, much more
work of media and advertising work should be done for the new grade III threaded bar.
Advantages of vanadium grade III threaded bar
A.Cost effective: Because the strength is higher, using new grade III threaded bar can save 10-15%
steel compared with using grade II barand this will result in reduced construction cost for the
project.
B.The strength is high, and the toughness is good: It is treated by micro alloy treatment technology,
and the yield point is above 400 Mpa and tensile strength is above 570 Mpa, which are 20% higher
than those of grade bar.
C.Anti seismthe vanadium bar has high bending resistance, good aging resistance, and good lowcycle fatigue performance; therefore, its seism resistance is significantly superior to that of the
grade II bar.
D.Easy for welding the carbon content is 0.54%therefore, the welding performance is good. It
can be adapt for all kinds of welding methods, and the technique is simple and easy.
E.Easy for construction: The use of new grade III threaded bar can increase the construction
intervals, therefore, it is more convenient for construction, and it is easier to guarantee the
construction quality.
4Hot rolled H shaped steel
1 Methods for denoting hot rolled H shaped steel
H shaped steel can be divided into three types: wide-flanged H-shaped steelHK, narrow-flanged
H-shaped steelHZ, and H-shaped steel pileHU. The denoting method is: height H width B
web plate thickness t1 wing plate thickness t2e.g., H shaped steel Q235, SS400
200200812 stands for wide-flanged H-shaped steel with height of 200 mm, width of 200 mm,
web plate thickness of 8 mmand wing plate thickness of 12 mmwith steel number of Q235 or
SS400.
2 Advantages of hot rolled H-shaped steel
H-shaped steel is a new type of cost effective construction steel.H-shaped steel has reasonable and
cost effective sections and good mechanical properties. During the hot rolling, every point on the
section extended uniformly, which result in low internal stress. Compared with commercial I beam,
hot rolled H-shaped steel has such advantages as large section modulus, light weight, and material
sparing. Using H beam can decrease the weight of construction structure by 30-40%; the inner

edge of the leg is parallel to the outer edge, and the leg end is right angled, as a result, it is easy to
be assembled into elements, therefore, the welding and riveting work can be reduced by up to 25%.
It is often used for large scale construction work (such as factories, high buildings, etc.), bridge,
ship, crane, transportation vehicle, foundation of equipments, frame, and foundation pile, etc.,
which require good bearing capacity and stable sections.
5Cold bended section steel
Cold bended section steel is a cost effective section light-weight thin-walled steel material, also
referred to as steel cold bended section material, or cold bended section material. It is section steel
with different section shapes and dimensions, which is produced by bend forming the ingot made of
hot rolled or cold rolled steel strip. The cold bended section steel has the following characteristics:
1 The sections are reasonable and cost effective, therefore, good for saving materials. It is
possible to design the section shapes of cold bended section steels according to requirements. It has
a reasonable structure, and the section coefficient per unit weight is higher than that of hot rolled
section steel. Under the same load, using cold bended section steel can reduce the weight of
components, and save materials. Compared with using hot rolled section steel, using cold bended
section steel can save 38-50% metal materials for construction structures, and 15-60% for
agriculture equipments and vehicles. It is convenient for construction, and the total cost can be
reduced.
2Many types of cold bended section steel is available, and it is possible to produce all kinds of
section steels with uniformed wall thickness and sophisticated section shapes, as well as cold
bended section steels with different materials, which is otherwise difficult to produce by usual hot
rolling methods.
3The product is with shining clean surface, good appearance, and precise dimensions, and it is
possible to produce products with different lengths according to requirements. In order to improve
the material yield, it is supplied according to the designated size, or several folds of the designated
size.
4It is also possible to combine other procedures such as punching into the production process, in
order to meet different requirements.
There are many categories of cold bended section steel. By section shapes, it can be divided into:
open, semi-closed, and closed. Main products include: cold bended channel steel, angle steel, Zshaped steel, cold bended corrugated steel plate, square pipe, rectangular pipe, electrically welded
shaped pipe, and roller shutter door, etc. Usually the produced cold bended section steel has a
thickness below 6 mm and a width below 500 mm. The products are widely used for the industry of
mining, construction, agricultural equipments, transportation, bridge, petro-chemical engineering,
light industry, and electronics, etc.

Source : http://www.east-steel.com/09.htm