CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

This chapter aims to discuss the factors that led to the development of the familys actual
and potential problems. Problems that were identified and the relevant nursing interventions
rendered as well as its rationale will also be discussed in this chapter.

I.

A. Poor Personal Hygiene as Health Threat

The human body can provide places for disease-causing germs and
parasites to grow and multiply. These places include the skin and in
and around the openings to the body. It is less likely that germs and
parasites will get inside the body if people have good personal hygiene
habits. One of the most effective ways we have to protect ourselves
and others from illness is good personal hygiene. This means washing
your hands, especially, but also your body. It means being careful not
to cough or sneeze on others, cleaning things that you touch if you are
unwell, putting items such as tissues (that may have germs) into a bin,
and using protection (like gloves or condoms) when you might be at
risk

of

catching

an

infection.

Personal hygiene, such as bathing, is very much dependent on the

culture in which you live. In some cultures, it is expected that you will

wash your body at least every day and use deodorants to stop body
smells. Other cultures have different expectations.

There are many sicknesses which can be caused by inadequate

(poor) domestic or personal hygiene. These can be transmitted either by
direct or indirect contact. Direct contact is constituted by faecal-oral
route, or by person to person or pet to person contact. Indirect contact
includes vectors coming into contact with people or their food, people
breathing in airborne droplets of moisture which contain germs or eating
contaminated food. Diseases resulting from inadequate domestic and
personal hygiene can be classified into bacterial, viral, or parasitic. Food
poisoning,

gastroenteritis,

diarrhoea

caused

by

Campylobacter,

pneumonia, trachoma, and skin infections are caused by bacteria. Viruses

transmitted within the perimeters of the household can result into
hepatitis A, gastroenteritis, and colds and flu. Giardiasis, scabies infection,
pediculosis, hookworm infection, threadworm infection, and roundworm
infection can be caused by parasites. (Department of Health of Australia,
2014)

Last August 3, 2015, Patient M.M. verbalized that she has been experiencing cough and colds
3 days prior to consultation. No medications have been taken yet. With the verbalization of her

mother, D.M., Binutasan ng kapatid ko yung ibang pader para may hangin., Basta araw-araw
naliligo, okay na. and Pag may sakit dapat pinapakuluan yung damit., with the cues stated, the
student nurse formulated a family problem of Inability to recognize the presence of the
condition due to attitude/philosophy in life which hinders recognition of a problem,
interventions rendered were as follows; Explain to the family what might happen if they failed to
recognize the problem (infection and body odor). Discuss with the family the definition of the
condition. Explain the possible source and mode of transmission of the disease. The family
listened, participated, agreed to the discussion initiated by the student nurse. The family health
task was Inability to make decisions with the respect to taking appropriate health action
due to failure comprehend the nature of the condition. Interventions were as follows; State
the nature of the problem and explain simply and understandable. Give some health actions for
the problem such as proper hand washing. Impart knowledge on how to care of a patient with
cough and colds.