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grammar.
Sometimes we have to change the root word and sometimes double up letters so let's have a look at some rules around adding
suffixes.
Watch the video and/ or read below.
For more lessons and videos on spelling rules click on the ones below
Drop the 'e' rule
Only use full when full
1:1:1 doubling up rule
First we need to understand what vowel and consonant suffixes
are for this part
vowel suffix
-ance
-er
-ing
-able/-ible
-est
-ed
-ation
consonant suffix
-ly
-less
-y
-ship
-ment
-ness
-ful
-s
Summary of some key rules ( but like all spelling rules there are always exceptions)
1. Y to i rule with words ending in consonant + y.
a. Change the y to i before vowel suffixes (except -ing)
carry + ed = carried
carry + er = carrier
carry + age = carriage
BUT carry + ing = carrying (can't have two i's carriing!!!!! But exceptions see rule 5)
happy + er = happier
happy + est = happiest
supply + ed = supplied
supply + er = supplier
supply + es = supplies
BUT supplying
deny - denied, denial BUT denying
marry - married, marries BUT marrying
rely - reliable, reliant, relied, relies BUT relying
comply - compliance, compliant, complied, complies, BUT complying
achieve +
= achievement,
ment
advertisement, arrangement, excitement, involvement, replacement
BUT drop the 'e' with argue + ment = argument.
Also acknowledgement or acknowledgment can be spelt either way.
judgement usually keeps the 'e' but lawyers spell it without the 'e' judgment
a. Words of 1 syllable ending in 1 vowel+ 1 consonant - double the last letter before a vowel suffix
These words are from other languages or new words like video, radio.