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DISPERSION STRENGHTENED
LARGE
PARTICLE REINFORCED
The term large is used to indicate that particlematrix
interactions cannot be treated on the atomic or molecular
level; rather, continuum mechanics is used.
For most of these composites, the particulate phase is harder
and stiffer than the matrix.
The matrix transfers some of the applied stress to the
particles, which bear a fraction of the load.
Two mathematical expressions have been formulated for the
dependence of the elastic modulus on the volume fraction of
the constituent phases for a two-phase composite.
RULE OF MIXTURES
These rule of mixtures equations predict that the elastic
modulus should fall between an upper bound represented by
And a lower bound represented by
+ Ff
c A c = m A m + f A f
c = m
Am
A
+ f f
Ac
Ac
c = m V m + f V f
c = m = f
c m
= V m+ f V f
c m
f
Ecl =Em V m +E f V f
Or
1V
( f )+ E f V f
E cl=E m
Also
Ff Ef V f
=
F m Em V m
Also
c = m V m + f V f
= V m+ V f
E cl Em
Ef
1 Vm Vf
= +
E cl Em E f
Ecl =
Em Ef
V m E m+ V f E f
Or
1V
( f ) Em +V f E f
E E
E cl= m f
cl = m (1V f )+ f V f
'
cd = f V f (1
cd' =
lc
)+ 'm ( 1V f ) when l > l c
2l
l c
V f + ' m ( 1V f ) whenl<l c
d
where
Em
Vf
and the
Ecl =K (Em V m + E f V f )