II YEAR B.

Tech EEE I-Sem

T/P/D

1/0/0

FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY

Objectives:
1.

2.
3.
4.

The purpose of this course is to learn the Fluid properties and

fundamentals of Fluid statics and fluid flow. Now a days the principles of
Fluid mechanics find wide applications in many situations directly or
indirectly.
To introduce the concepts of flow measurements and flow through pipes.
To further extended to cover the application of fluid mechanics by the
inclusion of fluid machinery especially water turbine and water pumps.
To impart of fluid machinery, turbines, pumps in general and in power
stations in getting as accelerated fill up. Thus there is a great relevance
for this course for Electrical and Electronic Engineering.

UNIT1 Fluid Statics, Kinematics and Dynamics.

Fluid Statics: Dimensions and units: physical properties of fluids density,
specific gravity, viscosity and surface tension- vapor pressure and their
influence on fluid motion- atmospheric gauge pressure and vacuum pressure,
measurement of pressure Piezometer, U-tube and Differential manometers.
Fluid kinematics: Stream line, path line, streak lines and stream tube,
classification of flows steady, unsteady, uniform, non uniform, laminar,
turbulent, rotational and irrotational flows- Equation of continuity for one
dimensional flow.
Fluid dynamics: Surface and body forces-Euler and Bernoullis equations for
flow along a stream line, momentum equation and its application on force on
pipe bend.
UNIT2 Closed conduit flows:
Reynolds experiment- Darcy -Weisbach equation- Minor losses in pipes- pipes
in series and pipes in parallel, total energy line and hydraulic gradient line.
Measurement of flows: pitot tube, venturimeter, Orifice meter and flow nozzle.

UNIT3 Basics of turbo machinery:

Elements of hydroelectric power station and concept of pumped storage plants

and storage plants, Mass curve (explanation only).
Hydro dynamic force of jets on stationary and moving flat , inclined and curved
vanes, Jet striking centrally and at tip, velocity diagrams, work done and
efficiency, flow over radial vanes.
UNIT4 Hydraulic Turbines:
Classification of hydraulic turbines-working principle of Pelton wheel, Francis
and Kaplan turbines, velocity triangles and work done by water on runnerhydraulic design - draft tube theory, functions and efficiency. Geometric
similarity, units and specific quantities, governing of turbines, Characteristic
curves, selection of type of turbine, cavitation, surge tank and water hammer.
UNIT5 Centrifugal pumps:
Classification, working principle of centrifugal pump, work done- manometric
head-losses and efficiencies- specific speed of pump and pumps in series and
parallel- performance characteristic curves, NPSH.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics Including Hydraulic Machines- P.N.MODI
and S.M.SETH.
2. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines RAJPUT.
3. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines R.K.BANSAL
4. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines RAMJEE
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering by D.S.Kumar, Kotaria &
Sons
2. Fluid Mechanics and Machinery by D.Rama Durgaiah, New Age
International
3. Hydraulic Machines by Banga & Sharma, Khanna Publishers.
4. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics by James A. Fay