SL Math Revision Sheet 2006

Numbers

a 1 r n
AP un a ( n 1) d Sn n2 (2 a ( n 1) d ) n2 ( a l )
GP un ar ( n 1) S n 1 r S 1ar iff r 1
N

R
BODMAS
log a
Domain log x is x 0 log1 0 log a x y x a y log b a logcc b log ab log a log b log ba log a log b log a n n log a

Quadratic

ax 2 bx c has zeros (roots) where x

2 ab , 4da (h, k )

Vertex =
Binomial

a b

b b 2 4 ac
2a

x1 x2

x1 x2

b
a

c
a

discriminant d b 2 4ac tells you how many roots.

if equation for parabola written as y a ( x h) 2 k

nCr a n r br a n na n 1b nC2 a n 2b 2 ... nCn 2 a 2b n 2 nab n 1 bn

r 0

Period of A

sin
2
( Bx C )
cos
B

Period of A tan( Bx C )

Trig SOHCAHTOA for right-angled triangle.

o
o
2
2
sin x
tan x cos
x cos( x ) cos( x ) sin( x ) sin( x ) tan( x ) tan( x) sin(90 x) cos( x ) sin(180 x ) sin( x ) sin x cos x 1
sin 2 2sin cos

cos 2 cos 2 sin 2

Cosine rule a 2 b 2 c 2 2bc cos A

sin
co
s
tan

0 (0)
0
1
0

30 (/6)

Sine rule

45 (/4)
1
1

b
sin B

Area 12 ab sin C

c
sin C

ambiguous case ASS!!

90 (/2) 180 ()
270 (3/2)
1
0
-1
0
-1
0

60 (/3)

a
sin A

undefined

S A
T C

undefined

Radians
Circumference of circle = 2r Area of circle = r2 Arc length = r Area of sector = r2
Functions

y f ( x ) b lifts graph up by b y f ( x c ) shifts graph right by c y a f ( x) stretches graph vertically by a

y f ( p x ) compresses graph horizontally by p y f ( x ) reflexion in y -axis y f ( x) reflexion in x-axis
f og ( x) f ( g ( x)) graph for f 1 is reflection in y x of graph for f

Calculus
D (sin x) cos x

D ex ex

D(cos x ) sin x

cos x dx sin x c sin x dx cos x c e dx e

x

D(tanx) = sec2x =

1
cos2 x

Substitution

u du
dv
v u
v dx
dx
dx
v2

f ( x)dx f (u )

Displacement s, speed

ds
dt

dx
du

1 n
fx
x ifi i
n i 1

x2

dy dy du

dx du dx

du or

1
x

dx ln x c

max

min

horizontal point of inflection

or

x dx
n

x n1
n 1

c n 1

( xi x ) 2 f i

fi

Chain rule (derivative of bracket)

x2 f
if i x 2
i

dv
dt

Mutually exclusive events

p( A B) 0

or look out

d 2s
dt 2

median: n21 th piece of data Q1 :

Probability
p( x) 1 p( A) nn((Ua )) n( A B) n( A) n(B) n( A B)
independent events

n 1
4

th, Q 3 :

p ( A B ) p ( A) p ( B ) p ( A B )
p( A B ) p( A) p ( B )

uuur uuur uuu

r
uuuu
r
2
2
2
AB OB OA Distance between P1 ( x1, y1, z1) and P2 ( x2 , y2 , z2 ) is PP
1 2 ( x2 x1 ) ( y2 y1 ) ( z 2 z1 )
r r r r
r r
r r r r
r
r r
a b a b cos a1b1 a2b2 a3b3 a b 0 a b ( a, b non zero) v v v v12 v22 v32

y = mx + c is equation for line with gradient m, y-intercept c

d

ur 1
uuur uuur ur
with directional (or velocity) vector d d 2 is OR OP td or

x
y

3( n 1)
4

th

p ( A ') 1 p ( A)

Conditional p( A B )

Vectors - lines

line through P p1 , p2 , p3

D ( x n ) nx n 1

1
x

f (u ( x)) u( x)dx f (u )du

, acceleration

Statistics

D(ln x )

dy
dx

x is a point of inflection f ( x ) 0 and f has a change of sign.

d (uv) du
dv

v u
dx
dx
dx

( f og ) 1 g 1 o f 1

p1

p2 t

p3

d1

d2
d3

p ( A B )
p( B)

 a
ax by c has normal vector
b

y m1 x c1 and y m2 x c2 are perpendicular iff m1m2 1