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Detailed Exam Results - Certified Six Sigma Green Belt Exam

1. The statistics that summarize a population are referred to as
Incorrect:
probabilistic statistics
Correct Answer:
descriptive statistics
Rationale:
Learn more about statistics.
Reference:
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, pp. 112, 399.
2. The following chart was developed by a six sigma team to measure reactions on two different products.

In this chart, temperature represents the

Correct:
response
Rationale:
In this example, the factor ?product? is the variable that is being examined at
two levels (product X and Y) in order to find the change in the response
variable (temperature).
Learn more about Design of Experiments.
Reference:
Juran, J.M., and A. Blanton Godfrey, Juran?s Quality Handbook, 5th ed., New
York, McGraw-Hill, 1999, pp. 47.3-47.5.
3. Which of the following measures is increased when process performance is improved?
Incorrect:
Specification limits
Correct Answer:
Capability index
Rationale:
Learn more about Process Capability.
Reference:
Tague, Nancy R., The Quality Toolbox, 2nd ed., Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality
Press, 2004, pp. 420-425.
4. Which of the following tools can be used to identify and quantify the source of a problem?
Correct:
Pareto chart
Rationale:
Learn more about Pareto Charts.
Reference:
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, pp. 33, 116-117,
1113.
Tague, Nancy R., The Quality Toolbox, 2nd ed., Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality
Press, 2004, pp. 376-377.
5. A correlation analysis is used to provide a numeric value for which of the following types of
relationships between two variables?
Incorrect:
Causation
Correct Answer:
Linear
Reference:
Tague, Nancy R., The Quality Toolbox, 2nd ed., Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality
Press, 2004, p. 197.
6. Which of the following tools is used to translate broad requirements into specific requirements?
Incorrect:
A process flowchart
Correct Answer:
A critical to quality (CTQ) tree
Rationale:
A tree diagram can be used to take a customer?s broad critical to quality (CTQ)
requirements and break them down into specific product or service
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Reference:

requirements, or specifications.
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, p. 72.

7. Which of the following tools is used extensively in quality function deployment (QFD)?
Incorrect:
Cause and effect diagram
Correct Answer:
Matrix diagram
Rationale:
Quality Function Deployment uses matrices to connect customer requirements
or needs to the characteristics of the product or service.
Reference:
Gryna, Frank M., Richard C.H. Chua, and Joseph A. DeFeo, Juran?s Quality
Planning and Analysis for Enterprise Quality, 5th ed., New York: McGraw-Hill,
2007, p. 316.
8. Which of the following control charts is used to monitor discrete data?
Incorrect:
and R
Correct Answer:
Rationale:
Reference:

p
p charts are used for discrete data, the other charts listed are used when the
data are continuous.
Juran, J.M., and A. Blanton Godfrey, Juran?s Quality Handbook, 5th ed., New
York, McGraw-Hill, 1999, p. 45.12.

9. Which of the following shapes is used to present a termination point in a flowchart?

Correct:
Oval
Rationale:
A rectangle is used to represent a step in the process. A diamond represents
a decision point in the process. An arrow shows the direction of the steps in
the process and an oval is used to represent the start and end points of the
process.
Reference:
Tague, Nancy R., The Quality Toolbox, 2nd ed., Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality
Press, 2004, p. 262.
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, p. 104.
10. For a normal distribution, two standard deviations on each side of the mean would include what
percentage of the total population?
Incorrect:
68%
Correct Answer:
95%
Rationale:

Reference:

Juran, J.M., and A. Blanton Godfrey, Juran?s Quality Handbook, 5th ed., New
York, McGraw-Hill, 1999, p. 44.36.

11. Which of the following is a commonly accepted level for alpha risk?
Incorrect:
0.50
Correct Answer:
0.05
Rationale:
alpha () risk of 0.05 means falsely rejecting the null hypothesis (H0) when it is
true only five times in a hundred. This is a commonly accepted risk level for
most industries. For industries where it is extremely critical that a type I error
not occur (such as medical or safety fields), an alpha level of 0.01 or even
0.001 is used.
Reference:
Dovich, Robert A., Quality Engineering Statistics, Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality
Press, 1992, p 40.
12. When the sampling method used creates a difference between the result obtained from the sample and
the actual population value, the difference is known as
Correct:
bias
Reference:
Tague, Nancy R., The Quality Toolbox, 2nd ed., Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality
Press, 2004, p. 469.
13. Which of the following is an example of mistake-proofing?
Incorrect:
Using 100% inspection to detect and contain defects
Correct Answer:
Using color coding as an error signal
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Reference:

Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using

Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, p. 716.

14. Which of the following is the key objective of a six sigma project?
Correct:
Reducing variation in critical processes
Reference:
Cavanagh, Roland R., Robert P. Neuman, and Peter S. Pande, The Six Sigma
Way: How GE, Motorola, and Other Top Companies are Honing Their
Performance, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000, pp. 23-24.
15. Which of the following tools is used to identify potential events and contingencies for an
implementation plan?
Incorrect:
PERT chart
Correct Answer:
Process decision program chart
Reference:
Tague, Nancy R., The Quality Toolbox, 2nd ed., Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality
Press, 2004, pp. 428-429.
16. Which of the following measures is used to show the ratio of defects to units?
Correct:
DPU
Rationale:
DPU: Defects per unit
DPO: Defects per opportunity
DPMO: Defects per million opportunities
PPM: Parts per million
Reference:
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, p. 192.
17. Which of the following terms is used to describe the risk of a type I error in a hypothesis test?
Incorrect:
Beta risk
Correct Answer:
Level of significance
Reference:
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, p. 403.
Juran, J.M., and A. Blanton Godfrey, Juran?s Quality Handbook, 5th ed., New
York, McGraw-Hill, 1999, p. 44.58.
18. Positional, cyclical, and temporal variations are most commonly analyzed in
Incorrect:
cause and effect diagrams
Correct Answer:
multi-vari charts
Reference:
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, pp. 386-390, 1111.
19. In order for value flow analysis to be effective, a team must take which of the following steps first?
Correct:
Define the value stream
Reference:
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, pp. 858-859.
20. When an inspection process rejects conforming product, what type of error is being made?
Incorrect:

Correct Answer:

Rationale:
(alpha) error is also called producer?s risk. In hypothesis testing, it occurs
when the null hypothesis is rejected when it is actually true. When inspecting
products, this type of error would occur when good product is classified as bad
product.
Reference:
Juran, J.M., and A. Blanton Godfrey, Juran?s Quality Handbook, 5th ed., New
York, McGraw-Hill, 1999, pp. 44.58, 46.7.
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, p. 1099.
21. The critical path for a project is best described as the
Incorrect:
tasks in the project that have the highest risk of failure
Correct Answer:
longest path from the start to the completion of the project
Rationale:
The longest path to completion is the path that controls the length of the
project and is most critical to be controlled.
Reference:
Tague, Nancy R., The Quality Toolbox, 2nd ed., Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality
Press, 2004, pp. 102-104.
22. Which of the following graphs represents a factorial experiment with the strongest interaction?
Incorrect:

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Correct Answer:

Rationale:

In the first and last graphics, the lines are parallel, therefore, there is little or
no difference on the response between the levels of factor B. In the second
graphic, no interaction is shown with the data that was collected. The third
graphic shows the strongest interaction because the lines cross between the
levels of factor B.
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, pp. 557-559.

Reference:

Juran, J.M., and A. Blanton Godfrey, Juran?s Quality Handbook, 5th ed., New
York, McGraw-Hill, 1999, p. 47.34.
23. Statistical process control (SPC) is best defined as the use of
Correct:
statistical methods to understand and control a process
Reference:
Juran, J.M., and A. Blanton Godfrey, Juran?s Quality Handbook, 5th ed., New
York, McGraw-Hill, 1999, p. 45.1.
24. A measurement system analysis is designed to assess the statistical properties of
Incorrect:
engineering tolerances
Correct Answer:
gage variation
Reference:
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, pp. 306-307.
25. When calculating the Cp index, what does the standard deviation represent in the formula

Incorrect:
Correct Answer:
Reference:

The variance of the index

The range of the process
Breyfogle, Forrest, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using
Statistical Methods, 2nd ed., Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2003, pp. 265-267.

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