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i = 1, . . . , n,
n 1.
La formula de interpolaci
on de Newton es
pn (x) = pn1 (x) + (x x1 ) (x xn )f [x1 , . . . , xn+1 ].
Note que
pn1 (x) = pn2 (x) + (x x1 ) (x xn1 )f [x1 , . . . , xn ].
n+1 Y
i1
X
(x xj )f [x1 , . . . , xi ],
i=1 j=1
Q0
j=1 (x
xj ) = 1.
f [xi ]
f (x1 )
f (x2 )
f (x3 )
f [xi1 , xi ]
f [xi2 , xi1 , xi ]
Formulas de Newton:
p1 (x) = f (x1 ) + (x x1 )f [x1 , x2 ],
p2 (x) = p1 (x) + (x x1 )(x x2 )f [x1 , x2 , x3 ],
p3 (x) = p2 (x) + (x x1 )(x x2 )(x x3 )f [x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 ],
y
p4 (x) = p3 (x) + (x x1 )(x x2 )(x x3 )(x x4 )f [x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 , x5 ].
f [xi ]
1
2
4
f [xi1 , xi ]
21
20 = 1/2
42
32 = 2
f [xi2 , xi1 , xi ]
21/2
30
= 1/2
Luego
p2 (x) = 1 + 1/2(x 0) + 1/2(x 2)(x 0) = x 2 /2 x/2 + 1.
Ejemplo. A
nada el punto (1, 0) a los puntos anteriores y
encuentre el polinomio de interpolaci
on.
xi
0
2
3
1
f [xi ]
1
2
4
0
f [xi1 , xi ]
21
20 = 1/2
42
32 = 2
04
13 = 2
f [xi2 , xi1 , xi ]
21/2
30
22
12
= 1/2
=0
01/2
10
= 1/2
Luego
p3 (x) = p2 (x)(1/2)(x0)(x2)(x3) = x 3 /2+3x 2 (7/2)x+1.
f [xi ]
5
1
11
f [xi1 , xi ]
1(5)
0(1) = 4
1(1)
20 = 1
111
32 = 10
f [xi2 , xi1 , xi ]
14
2(1)
101
30
= 1
=3
3(1)
3(1)
=1
f [xi ]
0.0000
0.5000
0.8660
1.0000
f [xi1 , xi ]
f [xi2 , xi1 , xi ]
0.9549
0.6691
0.2559
0.2443
0.4232
0.1139
Diferencias divididas
xi
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
f [xi ]
1.414214
1.449138
1.483240
1.516575
1.549193
f [xi1 , xi ]
f [xi2 , xi1 , xi ]
f [xi3 , . . . , xi ]
f [xi4 , . . . , xi ]
0.34924
0.34102
0.33335
0.32618
-0.04110
-0.03835
-0.03585
0.0091667
0.0083333
-0.0020833
x
2.05
2.15
2.45
p1 (x)
1.431676
1.466600
1.571372
p2 (x)
1.431779
1.466292
1.564899
p3 (x)
1.431782
1.466288
1.565260
p4 (x)
1.431782
1.466288
1.565247
x
1.431782
1.466288
1.565248