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Nama :.............................................................

Tingkatan :..............................

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Chemistry
Kertas 2
Oktober
2010
2 jam
BAHAGIAN PENGURUSAN
SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN SEKOLAH KECEMERLANGAN
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PEPERIKSAAN SELARAS AKHIR TAHUN

TINGKATAN 4 TAHUN 2010

CHEMISTRY
Kertas 2
Dua jam tiga puluh minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Tuliskan nama dan tingkatan pada ruang
yang disediakan.

2. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat

di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Bahagia Soala
Marka Markah
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diperole
penuh h
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10
A

2
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10
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20
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Jumlah

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 16 halaman bercetak

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2
Section A
[60 marks]
Answer all questions.

(a) Diagram 1.1 shows the symbol for elements V, W, X and Y.

Y 2412W 3517V 3717 X

40
19

Diagram 1.1
(i) What is the proton number for Y?
...........
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the number of neutrons in atom V?
..
..
[1 mark]
(iii) Write the electron arrangement for an atom of element X.
............
[1 mark]
(iv) Which of the atoms above are isotopes of an element? Explain your answer.
..
.
[2 marks]
(b) Table 1 shows the melting point and boiling point of substances P, Q, R and S.
Substance
P
Q
R
S

Melting point (oC)

42
65
8
200
Table 1

Boiling point (oC)

10
110
54
450

(i) Draw the arrangement of particles of substances R and S at room temperature.

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Substance Q

Substance R

S
[2 marks]

(ii) Diagram 1.2 shows the cooling graph of liquid Q.

Temperature (oC)

Time(s)
t2

t1
Diagram 1.2

On the Diagram 1.2, mark the freezing point of Q.

Give reason why the temperature remains constant from t1 to t2.
.....
.....
[3
marks]
2

Diagram 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of the Elements.

P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W do not represent the actual symbol of the elements.
P
Q
R

S
DIAGRAM 2
Diagram 2

Using the letters in the Periodic Table of the Elements in Diagram 2, answer the following
questions.
(a) State the position of T in the Periodic Table of the Elements.

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.
[2 marks]
(b) W is chemically inert. Explain.

[1 mark]
(c) (i) Which element is a transition element?

(ii)

[1 mark]
State one special characteristics of transition elements.

[1 mark]
(d) Arrange P, U and V according to increase in atomic size.
....
.
[1 mark]

(e) Q and R show the similar chemical properties

(i) Which element is more reactive?
..
.
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain your answer in (e)(i).
...

..
[2 marks]
(f) The electron arrangement of M2- ion is 2.8. In Diagram 2, mark M in the box
for the location of M element in the Periodic Table of Elements.
[1 mark]
3

Diagram 3 shows the set-up of apparatus to investigate the electrolysis of

0.0001 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution.

Carbon electrode X

Carbon electrode Y

0.0001
Dilute
moldm-3
sodium
sodium
chloride
chloride
solution
solution

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Diagram 3
(a) (i) What is meant by anion?
....
[1 mark]
(ii) Write the formulae for all anions present in the sodium chloride solution.

[1 mark]
(b) What is the energy change that occurs in the electrolysis process?
..
[1 mark ]
(c) Based on Diagram 3,
(i) Which electrode is the cathode?
.
[1 mark ]
(ii) Write the half equation for the reaction at the cathode.
....
[1 mark ]
(iii)

Explain how do you confirm the product of electrolysis at cathode.

...
..
..
[2
marks]

(d) The experiment is repeated by using 2 mol dm-3 sodium iodide solution.
(i) Name the product of electrolysis at electrode Y.
...
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain how does the product is formed.
...

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...
[2
marks]

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Diagram 4 shows three test tubes contain dry glacial ethanoic acid, aqueous solution of
ethanoic acid and dilute hydrochloric acid.

Dry glacial
ethanoic
acid
Blue
litmus
paper

Aqueous
solution of
ethanoic acid
0.1 moldm-3

Dilute
hydrochloric
acid
0.1 moldm-3

Blue
litmus
paper

Blue
litmus
paper

Diagram 4
(a) (i) State the colour change of the litmus paper in test tubes R.
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Write the formula of ion which caused the colour change of the litmus
paper.
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Is there any changes of colour of the litmus paper in test tube P? Explain why.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
[2
marks]
(c) Table 4 shows the pH value of aqueous solution of ethanoic acid and dilute
hydrochloric acid of the same molarity.
Type of acid
Molarity
pH value

aqueous solution of
ethanoic acid

dilute hydrochloric
acid

0.1 moldm-3

0.1 moldm-3

2.9

1.0
Table 4

Explain the difference in the pH value of aqueous solution of ethanoic acid and
dilute hydrochloric acid.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
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[3
marks]

(d) Calcium carbonate powder is added into test tube R.

(i) State one observation in test tube R.
....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that takes place.
....................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
5

Diagram 5 shows set-up of apparatus in the preparation of two different type of salts.
Experiment

Method

0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid

I
25.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 potassium
hydroxide + phenolphthalein

II

10 cm3 of 1.0
mol dm-3
lead(II) nitrate
solution

Excess potassium
chloride solution

Precipitate X
Diagram 5
(a) Based on Experiment I:
(i) State the name for the reaction.
......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) State the colour change in the conical flask at the end point.

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....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Calculate the volume of hydrochloric acid used to neutralise 25.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol
dm-3 potassium hydroxide solution.

[2 marks]
(b) Based on Experiment II:
(i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
....................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) How can you separate precipitate X from the mixture.
....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Calculate the number of moles of lead nitrate in the solution.

[1 mark]
(iv) Determine the maximum mass of precipitate X formed.
[Molar mass of precipitate X = 278]

[2 marks]
(iii)

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Diagram 6 shows an industrial preparation of compound S from suphuric acid and

ammonia.
Suphuric acid

Process P

Reaction R

Compound S

Hydrogen gas
Process Q

Ammonia

Nitrogen gas

Diagram 6
(a) (i) Sulphuric acid is produced in mass quantity through Process P. Name Process P.

[1 mark]
(ii) State two raw materials needed for Process P.

[2 marks]
(iii) A waste gas is produced during the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Explain briefly
how this gas can cause environmental pollution.
..
..

[2 marks]
(b) (i) Write the chemical equation for the formation of ammonia in Process Q.

[2 marks]
(ii) Name the catalyst used in Process Q.

[1 mark]

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(c ) The sulphuric acid can used to manufacture Compound S.

(i) Name Compound S.
......................
[1 mark]
(ii) State another use of sulphuric acid.
......................
[1 mark]

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Section B
[20 marks]
Answer any one question.

Diagram 7 shows the electron arrangement of a compound formed between element Q

and element R.

2+
Q

Diagram 7
(a) Based on Diagram 7, write the electron arrangement for atoms of element R and Q.
Explain the position of element Q in the Periodic Table of Elements
[6 marks]
(b) Based on Diagram 7, explain how the compound is formed.
[7 marks]
(c) Element R can also react with carbon, C to form a compound.
[Proton number of carbon = 6]
(i) Write the formula of the compound formed.
(ii) Draw the electron arrangement of the compound formed.
[3 marks]
(d) The compounds formed in (b) and (c) have different physical properties.
Compare the two compounds based on:
Melting point
Electrical conductivity
[4 marks]

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Diagram 8 shows the apparatus set-up for two methods to determine the empirical
formula of two compounds.
Method I

Method II

Chemical substance
Chemical substance
heat

heat

Dry hydrogen gas

Diagram 8
(a)

Method II is used to determine empirical formula of lead oxide.

(i) State the safety precaution that must be taken before heating the chemical
substance. Explain why this safety precaution is necessary.
[2 marks]

(ii)

Write a chemical equation for reaction occurs in (a)(i).

[2 marks]

(b) A student plans to determine empirical formula of magnesium oxide in the laboratory.
Based on Diagram 8, describe the method. Your answer must include
procedure of experiment
tabulation of result
calculation of the result obtained for the experiment.
[Relative atomic mass: O = 16, Mg = 24]
[11 marks]

(c) Empirical formula of glucose C6H12O6 is as follows:

CH2O
By using glucose as an example, compare and contrast empirical formula and
molecular formula.
[5 marks]

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Section C
[20 marks]
Answer any one question.

(a)

Salts play an important role in our daily life. Salts can be classified according to its
solubility in water. State the meaning of salt.
[2 marks]

(b) The following are three examples of sulphate salts that can be prepared in the
laboratory.

Zinc sulphate, ZnSO4

Lead(II) sulphate, PbSO4
Calsium sulphate, CaSO4
Copper sulphate, CuSO4

(i) From these examples, classify the salts into soluble salts and insoluble salts
[4 marks]
(ii) State the reactants for the preparation of one of the soluble salts in 9(b)(i).
[2 marks]
(c) Describe how to prepare a dry sample of salt in 9(b)(ii) in laboratory. Your answer
should consists of the following :
Procedure of the preparation
Chemical equation involved in the reaction
[12 marks]

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(a)

You have an iron key that rusts easily.

Draw a labeled diagram of the apparatus that you can used to solve this problem
using an electrolysis process.
[4 marks]

(b)

An experiment is carried out to determine the relative position of three metals,

silver, P and Q, in the electrochemical series. Diagram 10 shows the results of the
experiment.

Experiment

II

Set-up of
apparatus

Silver nitrate
solution

Silver nitrate
solution

Observatio
n

Grey deposit
Colourless solution

Grey deposit
Light blue solution

Diagram 10.1
(i) Based on the Experiment II in Diagram 10.1, suggest the identity of metal Q used in
this experiment.
Explain the observation.
[5 marks]
(ii) If metal P is zinc, arrange the three metals in order of increasing electropositivity.
[1 mark]

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Diagram 10.2 shows a voltaic cell. Metal R is situated higher than copper in t he
electrochemical series.

Metal R

Copper
Copper sulphate solution

Diagram 10.2
Explain how the cell work in Diagram 10.2. In your explanation, include the
following

Suggest a metal that is suitable as metal R.

State the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the cell.
How electricity produced
The half equation at the two electrodes
Observation
[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of three sections: Sections A, Section B and Section C.
2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces
provided in the question paper.
3. Answer any one question from Section B and any one question from Section C.
Write your answers for Section B and Section C on the `helaian tambahan provided by
the invigilators.
You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain
your answers.
4. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated
5. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets.
6. Show your working. It may help you to get marks.
7.

If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write
down the new answer.

9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

10. You are advised to spend 90 minutes to answer questions in Section A, 30 minutes for
Section B and 30 minutes for Section C.
11. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination.

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