i n fo

T E C H N I C A L I N F O R M AT I O N
KNITTING 18

LUBRICANT COMPETENCE
ENSURING THE EFFECTIVE USE
OF NEEDLE OILS

Groz-Beckert provides a comprehensive support service to the knitting

industry with its universal expertise in the field of lubricants ranging
from advice through problem definition, to finding the optimum solution.

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KNITTING 18

THE N E E D L E O I L S E R V I C E C O N C E PT

The requirement

The solution

Higher machine gauges, rising machine

Groz-Beckert has taken a comprehensive

speeds, an ever increasing array of new

all-round look at the issue of lubrication

materials. Todays fast-changing trends

competence and aspires to become an

and innovative technologies are posing

integral one-stop lubrication service partner

new challenges on knitting factories the

to producers. Alongside the on-going further

world over.

development of needles and system com-

This situation makes the optimum use of

needle oil an increasingly significant factor.
The aim must be to achieve adequate
lubrication across every operating area

ponents, Groz-Beckert is placing increased

emphasis on its role as a provider of
expert advice and competence in the field
of needle oils.

as well as optimum wash-out capability

In order to allow customers to access its

with minimal use of cleaning chemicals

extensive expertise base in all lubricant-

and low washing temperatures.

related issues, Groz-Beckert has developed

a comprehensive needle oil service concept.

PA G E 2

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KNITTING 18

LUBR I C A N T C O M P E T E N C E

Global synergies and interdisciplinary cooperation: A sound foundation for customers

to gain sustained benefit from Groz-Beckerts extensive lubricant competence.

Detailed analysis
Groz-Beckerts own Lubricant Competence

In this way, the Lubricant Competence

Centre is based at the company head-

Centre permits a qualified, reliable appraisal

quarters in Albstadt. This location affords

of the applicability of different needle oils.

the benefit of close proximity to leading

Laboratory tests allow determination of

research and development agencies.

a wide range of needle oil characteristics,

Both in human resources terms and also

technologically, the Centre offers optimum
conditions for testing. All needle and

including:

Wash-out capability
Paint compatibility
Elastomer compatibility
Viscosity index
Corrosion behaviour
Load carrying capacity

sinker oils can undergo comprehensive

assessment and testing, whether according
to DIN 62136 or for a wide range of other
characteristics.

PA G E 3

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KNITTING 18

THE N E E D L E O I L T E S T K I T

The needle oil test kit permits Groz-Beckert to offer competent, application-specific
lubricant-related advice and support to customers everywhere.

With its needle oil test kit, Groz-Beckert is

Using the obtained test results, needle

opening up scope for requirement-specific

and sinker oils can be classified from a

testing of new and used needle oils. The

range of different aspects: Starting with

package contains a specimen bottle, a set

performance data through to suitability

of test instructions and an analysis form

for the relevant knitting process.

sheet which allows customers to define the

scope of analysis they require.
If necessary, experienced Groz-Beckert

For customers, this process culminates

in determination of the optimum needle
oil for every situation.

application engineering experts are also

available to afford first-hand advice and
help in the selection of characteristics to
be analysed.

PA G E 4

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KNITTING 18

THE L U B R I C A N T A N A LY S I S

With its wide-ranging experience as the worlds leading supplier of needles

and system components, Groz-Beckert has built up an extensive lubricant
database permitting individual oil analysis.

Test report needle oil

3

Sample name:

Supra Lube

sample number:

04911

Kind of oil:

New oil

Groz-Beckert KG
Oil-Support
Theodor-Groz-Str.56
72458 Albstadt / Germany
Telefon +49 7431 10 30 80
Telefax +49 7431 10 20 24
oil-support@groz-beckert.com
www.groz-beckert.com

Package No.:

Sample name:

Supra Lube

Sample number:

04911

Kind of oil:

New oil

Mustermann

Analyze results:

Martin Mustermann

Basic data:

Musterstrasse 1
01234

Test report needle oil

Test report needle oil

Package No.:

Musterstadt

Total evaluation:

Machine manufacturer:

GRSM

Machine name:

Circular knitting machine Y3F

Machine type:

Single Jersey

Consumption of oil per

month and machine:

3,5 Liter

Package No.:

Sample name:

Supra Lube

Sample number:

04911

Kind of oil:

New oil

Groz-Beckert KG
Oil-Support
Theodor-Groz-Str.56
72458 Albstadt / Germany
Telefon +49 7431 10 30 80
Telefax +49 7431 10 20 24
oil-support@groz-beckert.com
www.groz-beckert.com

GC/MS-Spectrum:
Look

verified to:

0,838 g/cm

according to
DIN 51 757

Viscosity (40C):

34,5 mm/s

DIN 51 550
DIN 51 562-1

Viscosity (100C):

6,5 mm/s

DIN 51 550
DIN 51 562-1

146,8

DIN ISO 2909

229 ppm

DIN 51 777-1

Density (40C):

Germany

Groz-Beckert KG
Oil-Support
Theodor-Groz-Str.56
72458 Albstadt / Germany
Telefon +49 7431 10 30 80
Telefax +49 7431 10 20 24
oil-support@groz-beckert.com
www.groz-beckert.com

Performance data:
Viscosity index:
Pollutions:
Water content:
IR-Spectrum:

Comment and advice:

The provided needle oil is basically equivalent to DIN 62136. It has a very good
viscosity index which is according to the requirements of cold starting and warm up of
the knitting machine.
The friction coefficient at cold starting is marginal inferior to other comparable needle
oils, why the abrasion is a little bit higher at the beginning. There are no compunctions if
the knitting machine is started slowly during the cold start up.
Supra Lube has a good washability with standard washing agents.

The used oil and the new oil are almost identical. That means the oil alter by using
subtly.

values are okay

12.06.2008

values at limit range or little variations

values are not okay

For further inquiry ask our oil-support

values are okay

Page 1 of 3

values at limit range or little variations

12.06.2008

values are okay

values are not okay

For further inquiry ask our oil-support

Page 2 of 3

All needle oil types and brands in popular

This enables Groz-Beckert to offer manu-

use around the world have been tested

facturers, independent, impartial advice

in detail and catalogued in line with the

on solving application-specific questions.

requirements of the DIN 62136 standard.

The relevant data is continuously updated

12.06.2008

values at limit range or little variations

values are not okay

For further inquiry ask our oil-support

Page 3 of 3

and extended.

THE PATENTED litespeed NEEDLE WITH ITS OPTIMUM

LUBRICATION CHARACTERISTICS IS FURTHER TESTIMONY
TO GROZ-BECKERTS SOUND FUND OF EXPERTISE ON
THE EFFECTIVE DEPLOYMENT OF NEEDLE OILS. FOR MORE
DETAILS, REFER TO THE TECHNICAL INFORMATION
KNITTING 14 litespeed .

PA G E 5

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KNITTING 18

LUBRI C A N T T R A I N I N G

On site

Digital

Groz-Beckert also offers practical, orientated

Groz-Beckert also supplies its lubricant

training sessions on the subject of needle

competence training session in abbreviated

and sinker oils. Either directly at the cus-

form on DVD.

tomers premises, or at the Groz-Beckert

headquarters. The Lubricant Competence
Team communicates important basic know
how, and interesting details, in day to day
working with needle oils.

This informative PowerPoint presentation

provides an overview of the most important
facts and figures, specifically targeted tips
and tricks and much more.

1.2.1

Lubricant Training

Depiction of states of friction: The Stribeck curve

Fluid friction

Elastohydrodynamic
friction

Coefficient of friction

Boundary friction

Mixed friction

Operating range of
knitting machines

Basic information for the use and daily handling

of needle and sinker oils in the field of knitting

The friction partners separate entirely.

Elastohydrodynamic friction:
The friction characteristics are determined
by the rheological properties of the lubricant
and the elastic behaviour of the friction
partners.
Liquid friction:
The friction characteristics are determined
only by the rheological properties of the
lubricant.

Minimum requirements for needle and sinker oils acc.

to DIN 62136-1 /mineral oil based
Minimum requirements for lubricant type
M 15
M 48
M 32
M 22

5.2

16.5
13.5

35.2
28.8

24.2
19.8

50.6
41.4

DIN ISO 2909

Flashpoint

> 150

DIN ISO 2592

< -9

DIN ISO 3016

Storage temperature

10 to 40

Water content, stated as volume percent

< 0,1
Max. degree of corrosion DIN ISO 2160 - 50 A3
with limited test temperature 70C

Anti-corrosive properties on steel

Degree of corrosion 1 A DIN 51585

DIN EN ISO 2160

DIN 51585

Chemical resistance of plastics

Must be stated, see also supplement 1 to this standard

Appendix C

Concentration of toxic substances

See table D.1

Appendix D

The figures represent the rounded numerical values for medium viscosity in mm2/s at 40C. They are derived from the viscosity classes in acc. with ISO, see DIN 51519.
The legal unit of kinematic viscosity ism2/s; 1mm2/s = 1 10-6 m2/s. (formerly cST: 1cSt = 1mm2/s)

72458 Albstadt, Germany

Phone

+49 7431 10 30 80

Fax

+49 7431 10 20 24

oil-support@groz-beckert.com
www.groz-beckert.com

Mixed friction often occurs when lubrication is minimal. This is also the case in large circular knitting
machines.

8.0

Deficient lubrication causes heavy wear

30b

a denotes a max. load-bearing capacity run;

b a permanent run
Needle cam,
circular knitting machine

Clearly visible: 30a (note: jammed) nd 31a show

far greater wear than 29a
The permanent runs from 29b < 30b < 31b show
wearing differences between the oils

Appendix B

2)

Theodor-Groz-Str. 56

29b

30a

Appendix A in connection with

DIN 51834-2

1)

Oil-Support

29a

See test conditions:

Load carrying capacity: > 1000 N
Depth of wear RZ:> 1,0 m
Coefficient of friction f: < 0,1
Wear W: < 0,6 mm
Must be stated, see table B1

GROZ-BECKERT KG

In practice, the friction generally used is in the range of mixed friction, i.e. there is a supporting film
of lubricant (grease, oil, etc.) between the two friction partners, which is, however, often interrupted
so that the two friction partners regularly come into contact. The hydrodynamic film of lubrication is
interrupted here intermittently, which means that both friction partners are subject to wear.

Wear marks on lobed screen

31a
31b

DIN 51777-1

Washability

Tribological test in translatory oscillation

test appliance (SRV)
Minimum strength

Fluid friction

EP/AW
EP/AWadditivation!
additivation!

Minimum requirements of needle and sinker oils according to DIN 62136

DIN 51550 in connection with

DIN 51562-1

> 90

Pourpoint

Corrosive effect on copper

Elastohydrodynam.
friction

M 68
74.8
61.2

Mixed friction

FN

Tribological test on the vibration and friction wear test apparatus acc. to DIN 51834

Test in acc. with

ISO VG 15 ISO VG 22 ISO VG 32 ISO VG 48 ISO VG 68

Kinematic viscosity2) at 40C max.

mm2/s min.
Viscosity index

Dry friction

FN

FN

Needle cam,
flat bed knitting machine

Magnified 25 x
Source: Groz Beckert KG

The depictions provided of our products are not to scale and are
intended for illustrative purposes only. Consequently they make
no claim to be an accurate representation of the original.
= Registered trademark of the Groz-Beckert company group.
= This publication is copyrighted. All rights reserved, in particular the right of duplication, distribution and translation. This
publication or any parts thereof may not be reproduced or stored,
processed, duplicated or distributed using electronic systems
in any form or by any means whatsoever without the express
written consent of Groz-Beckert.

EN | 01.2012

5.0

Depiction of states of friction: the Stribeck curve

FN

Mixed friction:
A film of lubricant is formed over part of the
area and for part of the time. Separation of the
main and opposing bodies is not yet achieved.
The roughness peaks of the friction partners
come into contact.

Viscosity x speed = bearing coefficient

Properties
Abbreviation
ISO viscosity class in acc. with DIN 515191)

1.2.2

Boundary friction:
Friction is determined by the solid and
interfacial properties of the main and
opposing bodies.