PERUBAHAN IKLIM DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI INDONESIA

2.1 Brief Overview of the Climate in Indonesia

Global agreement for taking steps to overcome the impact of climate change needs
to be scrutinized and followed-up by taking various appropriate mitigation and
adaptation measures. Thereby, the formulation of the RAN-API should be based on a
full scientific conviction on climate change itself. One of the important scientific
bases for discussing issues on climate change is currently the fourth assessment
Report that was issued by the government panel on climate change in 2007. By
using various observation data and output of a global climate model, the report
affirmed the contribution of human activities (anthropogenic factor) in increasing
the concentration of green house gases in the atmosphere that has accelerated the
increase in the average global surface temperature to reach 0.74 in the 1906-2005
period. The trend of global warming is now strongly believed to have been
contributed by climate in various places around the world.
In spite of being very comprehensive, the AR4-IPCC report very little discusses
climate change for specific regions such as Indonesia. Therefore, it is essential
2.1.1 Pattern of annual Rainfall and Surface Temperature
2.1.2 Climate Variability
2.1.3 Maritime Climate and Sea Surface Level

2.2 Analysis of Climate Change in Indonesia Based on Observed Data

2.2.1 Trend of Surface Temperature Change Trend
2.2.2 Trend of Rainfall Changes
2.2.3 Trend of Increases in Sea Surface Temperature ( SST/SPL)
2.2.4 Trend of the Increase of Sea Surface Level (SSL/TML)
2.2.5 Trends of Occurrences of Extreme Weather and Climate

2.3 Projected Change in Climate Change Based on AR4-IPCC Models

2.3.1. Projected Increase in Surface Temperature
2.3.2 Projected Rainfall Change

2.3.3 Projected Increase of Sea Surface Temperature and of Sea Surface Level
2.3.4 Projected Occurrence of Extreme Weather and Climate

2.4 Analysis of the Potential Impact of Climate Change

2.1 Sekilas Tentang Iklim di Indonesia

Kesepakatan global untuk mengambil langkah-langkah untuk mengatasi dampak perubahan
iklim perlu diteliti dan ditindaklanjuti dengan mengambil mitigasi berbagai langkah-langkah
adaptasi. Dengan demikian, perumusan RAN-API harus didasarkan pada keyakinan ilmiah
penuh pada perubahan iklim itu sendiri. Salah satu dasar ilmiah penting untuk membahas isu-isu
tentang perubahan iklim saat ini Laporan penilaian keempat yang dikeluarkan oleh panel
pemerintah tentang perubahan iklim pada tahun 2007. Dengan menggunakan data observasi
berbagai output dari model iklim global, laporan tersebut menegaskan kontribusi kegiatan
manusia (antropogenik factor) dalam meningkatkan konsentrasi gas rumah kaca di atmosfer yang
telah mempercepat kenaikan suhu permukaan rata-rata global mencapai 0,74 pada periode 19062005. Kecenderungan pemanasan global saat ini sangat diyakini telah disumbangkan oleh iklim
di berbagai tempat di seluruh dunia.

2.1.1 Pola Curah Hujan Tahunan dan Suhu Permukaan

2.1.2 Variabilitas Iklim
2.1.3 Iklim Maritim dan Tingkat Permukaan Laut

2.2 Analisis Perubahan Iklim di Indonesia Berdasarkan data Diamati

2.2.1 Perkembangan Trend Perubahan Permukaan Suhu
2.2.2 Perkembangan Perubahan Curah Hujan
2.2.3 Perkembangan Kenaikan Suhu Permukaan Laut (SST / SPL)
2.2.4 Perkembangan Kenaikan Tingkat Permukaan Laut (SSL / TML)
2.2.5 Tren Kemunculan Cuaca Ekstrem dan Iklim

2.3 Perubahan Proyeksi Perubahan Iklim Berdasarkan Model AR4 IPCC

2.3.1 Proyeksi Kenaikan Suhu Permukaan

2.3.2 Proyeksi Perubahan Curah Hujan
2.3.3 Proyeksi Kenaikan Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Tingkat Permukaan Laut
2.3.4 Proyeksi Terjadinya Cuaca Ekstrem dan Iklim
2.4 Analisis Potensi Dampak Perubahan Iklim