6(&7,21 

'(6&5,37,21 2) 23(5$7,21

:$8.(6+$ &86720 (1*,1( &21752/

,*1,7,21 02'8/(
6<67(0 '(6&5,37,21

7KH &XVWRP (QJLQH &RQWURO &(& ,JQLWLRQ 0RGXOH

,0 LV D PLFURFLUFXLWEDVHG GLJLWDO LJQLWLRQ V\VWHP VHH
)LJXUH  7KH ,0 LV GHVLJQHG WR HQKDQFH WKH
SHUIRUPDQFH DQG FRVWHIIHFWLYHQHVV RI \RXU :DXNHVKD
HQJLQH 7KH ,0 SURYLGHV DFFXUDWH DQG UHOLDEOH LJQLWLRQ
WLPLQJ UHVXOWLQJ LQ RSWLPXP VWDWLRQDU\ HQJLQH RSHUDWLRQ
7KH ,0 V\VWHP KDV QR ZHDULQJ SDUWV DQG XVHV WKH
FDSDFLWRU GLVFKDUJH SULQFLSOH SURYLGLQJ KLJK HQHUJ\
SUHFLVLRQ WLPHG VSDUN IRU PD[LPXP HQJLQH SHUIRU
PDQFH 7KH ,0V WHFKQRORJ\ DOVR SURYLGHV IXOO RXWSXW DW
FUDQNLQJ VSHHGV IRU EHWWHU HQJLQH VWDUWXS :LWK WKH ,0
LQVWDOOHG \RXU HQJLQH ZLOO SHUIRUP EHWWHU DQG PRUH
SRZHUIXO HPLW ORZHU HPLVVLRQV GHFUHDVH GRZQWLPH
DQG LQFUHDVH VSDUN SOXJ OLIH

PDJQHW VR WKH ,0 NQRZV H[DFWO\ ZKLFK F\OLQGHU LV

VXSSRVHG WR ILUH 7KHQ WKH ,0 GLUHFWV D FKDUJH RI YROWDJH
WR WKH DSSURSULDWH LJQLWLRQ FRLO IRU VSDUN SOXJ ILULQJ WR
DFKLHYH DFFXUDWH WLPLQJ
,JQLWLRQ WLPLQJ LV FKDQJHG ZLWK WKH WZR  SRVLWLRQ
   WLPLQJ VZLWFKHV RQ WKH ULJKW VLGH RI WKH ,0
VHH )LJXUH  :LWK WKH WZR  SRVLWLRQ WLPLQJ
VZLWFKHV WKH HQJLQH FDQ EH VHW XS IRU GXDO IXHO
DSSOLFDWLRQV WZR GLVWLQFW IXHO JDVHV RU ORDG FRQGLWLRQV

7,0,1* 6:,7&+ $

7,0,1* 6:,7&+ %

)LJXUH  ,JQLWLRQ 0RGXOH  3RVLWLRQ

7LPLQJ 6ZLWFKHV

)RU H[DPSOH 2Q GXDO IXHO DSSOLFDWLRQV \RX FDQ VHW

WLPLQJ VZLWFK $ IRU RQH IXHO DQG WKH WLPLQJ RQ VZLWFK %
IRU WKH RWKHU IXHO 7KLV DOORZV \RX WR VZLWFK IURP RQH
WLPLQJ VHWWLQJ WR WKH RWKHU ZKHQ \RX VZLWFK IXHOV DQG
KDYH WKH SURSHU LJQLWLRQ WLPLQJ IRU ERWK IXHOV
)LJXUH  &(& ,JQLWLRQ 0RGXOH

:LWK WKH HQJLQH UXQQLQJ DQ HOHFWURQLF +DOOHIIHFW

SLFNXS UHDGV PDJQHWLF UHIHUHQFH PDUNV PRXQWHG RQ D
JHDU RU WLPLQJ GLVF WR GHWHUPLQH WKH H[DFW SRVLWLRQ RI WKH
FUDQNVKDIW 7KH +DOOHIIHFW SLFNXS VHQGV DQ HOHFWULFDO
VLJQDO WR WKH ,0 (OHFWURQLFDOO\ WKH ,0 LQWHUSUHWV WKH
+DOOHIIHFW SLFNXSV HOHFWULFDO VLJQDO EDVHG RQ DQ LQGH[

)250  )LUVW (GLWLRQ

6ZLWFK SRVLWLRQ  JLYHV WKH PRVW DGYDQFHG WLPLQJ RQ WKH

DFWLYH WLPLQJ VZLWFK HLWKHU VZLWFK $ RU % 6ZLWFK $
KDV D PRUH DGYDQFHG WLPLQJ UDQJH WKDQ VZLWFK % 7KH
WLPLQJ UHWDUGVDGYDQFHV  GHJUHH EHWZHHQ HDFK
VZLWFK SRVLWLRQ $OWKRXJK WKHUH DUH WZR WLPLQJ VZLWFKHV
RQ WKH ,0 RQO\ RQH LV DFWLYH DW DQ\ RQH WLPH 7KH VZLWFK
WKDW LV DFWLYH LV GHWHUPLQHG E\ WKH VWDWXV RI WKH ' OHDG LQ
WKH 3RZHU 3LFNXS +DUQHVV  SLQ FRQQHFWRU ,I WKH '
OHDG LV JURXQGHG VZLWFK $ LV DFWLYH LI WKH ' OHDG LV QRW
JURXQGHG VZLWFK % LV DFWLYH

  

'(6&5,37,21 2) 23(5$7,21
,*1,7,21 02'8/(

7,0,1* 6:,7&+(6

 3,1 &211(&725
'(721$7,21
6(16,1*
02'8/(
237,21$/

6(/(&725

,*1,7,21

63$5.

&2,/6

3/8*6

6:,7&+
35,0$5< &2,/ +$51(66
72  25  3,1 &211(&725

+$//())(&7

7,0,1*

3,&.83

',6&

32:(5 3,&.83
+$51(66
72  3,1 &211(&725

' /($'

)86('
'& 92/7$*(

+$//())(&7

6285&(

3,&.83

)/<:+((/

$7*/ (1*,1(6 21/<

)LJXUH  ,JQLWLRQ 0RGXOH +DUQHVV &RQQHFWLRQV

7KH ,0 KDV WKUHH H[WHUQDO FDEOH FRQQHFWRUV

VHH )LJXUH  7KH 3RZHU 3LFNXS +DUQHVV FRQ
QHFWV WR WKH  SLQ FRQQHFWRU DQG LQFOXGHV OHDGV IRU
'& SRZHU WKH +DOOHIIHFW SLFNXS DQG WKH ' OHDG ZKLFK
GHWHUPLQHV ZKLFK WLPLQJ VZLWFK LV XVHG 7KH 3ULPDU\ &RLO
+DUQHVV FRQQHFWV WR WKH ,0 DQG LQFOXGHV OHDGV WR WKH
LJQLWLRQ FRLOV 7KH WKLUG FRQQHFWRU  SLQ LV XVHG WR
LQWHUIDFH ZLWK WKH &(& 'HWRQDWLRQ 6HQVLQJ 0RGXOH VHH
QH[W VHFWLRQ ,QWHUIDFH :LWK &(& 'HWRQDWLRQ 6HQVLQJ
0RGXOH

,17(5)$&( :,7+ &(& '(721$7,21 6(16,1*

02'8/(

127( 7KH  SLQ FRQQHFWRU RQ WKH ,0 LV QRW XVHG

XQOHVV WKH 'HWRQDWLRQ 6HQVLQJ 0RGXOH LV LQ RSHUDWLRQ
RQ WKH HQJLQH

:LWK WKH '60 V\VWHP FRQQHFWHG WKH WLPLQJ VZLWFKHV RQ

WKH ,0 EHFRPH QRQIXQFWLRQDO DQG WLPLQJ YDULHV
LQGLYLGXDOO\ DPRQJ WKH F\OLQGHUV IURP D UDQJH RI SUHVHW
YDOXHV 7KLV LQGLYLGXDO F\OLQGHU WLPLQJ DOORZV PD[LPXP
DGYDQFH IRU F\OLQGHUV WKDW DUH QRW H[SHULHQFLQJ GHWRQD
WLRQ WR D SUHGHWHUPLQHG VHWWLQJ

7KH ,0 DOVR IHDWXUHV D WKUHH SRVLWLRQ 6HOHFWRU 6ZLWFK IRU

VHWWLQJ WKH HQJLQH PRGHO VHH )LJXUH  7KH
6HOHFWRU 6ZLWFK SURJUDPV WKH ,0 IRU D VSHFLILF HQJLQH
PRGHO YHUVXV  F\OLQGHU $7 YHUVXV 9+3 ,I WKH
PDJQHW SDWWHUQ VHQVHG E\ WKH +DOOHIIHFW SLFNXS LV QRW
FRUUHFW IRU WKH DSSOLFDWLRQ VHOHFWHG RQ WKH 6HOHFWRU
6ZLWFK VXFK DV DQ  F\OLQGHU DSSOLFDWLRQ VHOHFWHG RQ D
 F\OLQGHU HQJLQH DQ /(' ZLOO OLJKW RQ WKH ,0 DQG WKH
LJQLWLRQ ZLOO QRW ILUH

  

7KH ,0 LQWHUIDFHV ZLWK WKH &(& 'HWRQDWLRQ 6HQVLQJ

0RGXOH '60 V\VWHP VHH )LJXUH  7KH '60
V\VWHP LV GHVLJQHG WR SURWHFW :DXNHVKD VSDUNLJQLWHG
JDV HQJLQHV IURP GDPDJH GXH WR GHWRQDWLRQ 7KH '60
V\VWHP IXQFWLRQV ZLWK WKH ,0 DQG FRQQHFWV WR WKH ,0V
 SLQ FRQQHFWRU 7KH WZR &(& V\VWHPV ZKHQ FRQ
QHFWHG WRJHWKHU SURYLGH GHIHQVH DJDLQVW HQJLQH GHWR
QDWLRQ ZKLFK FDQ OHDG WR VHYHUH HQJLQH GDPDJH

'HWRQDWLRQ LV WKH DXWRLJQLWLRQ RI HQG JDV GXULQJ

FRPEXVWLRQ LQ DQ HQJLQHV FRPEXVWLRQ FKDPEHU $YRLG
LQJ GHWRQDWLRQ FRQGLWLRQV LV FULWLFDO VLQFH GHWRQDWLRQ LV
GHWULPHQWDO WR HQJLQH FRPSRQHQWV

)250  )LUVW (GLWLRQ

'(6&5,37,21 2) 23(5$7,21
127( 5HIHU WR WKH &XVWRP (QJLQH &RQWURO 'HWRQD
WLRQ 6HQVLQJ 0RGXOH ,QVWDOODWLRQ 2SHUDWLRQ DQG 0DLQ
WHQDQFH 0DQXDO )RUP  IRU LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ '60
V\VWHP LQVWDOODWLRQ DQG SURJUDPPLQJ

23(5$725 ,17(5)$&(
7KH ,0 LV HTXLSSHG ZLWK WKUHH GLDJQRVWLF /('V RQ IURQW
RI WKH ,0 KRXVLQJ 3RZHU 3LFNXS DQG $SSOLFDWLRQ
VHH )LJXUH  7KHVH /('V JLYH RSHUDWRUV YLVXDO
FRQILUPDWLRQ RQ  LQFRPLQJ SRZHU  +DOOHIIHFW
SLFNXS VLJQDO DQG  SURSHU DSSOLFDWLRQ VHWWLQJV
7KH JUHHQ 3RZHU /(' LV OLW DQ\ WLPH SRZHU LV
DSSOLHG WR WKH ,0 7KH SRZHU /(' FRQILUPV WR WKH
RSHUDWRU WKDW FRQQHFWLRQ KDV EHHQ PDGH WR WKH ,0
IURP WKH 9'& SRZHU VXSSO\
7KH UHG 3LFNXS /(' LV OLW ZKHQ WKHUH LV QR
+DOOHIIHFW SLFNXS VLJQDO EHLQJ GHWHFWHG E\ WKH ,0
GXH WR D IDLOHG SLFNXS DQ LQFRUUHFW DLU JDS VHWWLQJ
DQGRU LQFRUUHFW EDG ZLULQJ 7KH SLFNXS /(' ZLOO
DOVR EH OLW ZKHQ WKH HQJLQH LV DW UHVW

)LJXUH  &(& 'HWRQDWLRQ 6HQVLQJ 0RGXOH

&20321(176
7KH ,0 V\VWHP FRQVLVWV RI DQ HOHFWURQLF PRGXOH ,0
ZLULQJ KDUQHVVHV WLPLQJ GLVF RU JHDU LJQLWLRQ FRLOV KLJK
WHQVLRQ OHDGV DQG D +DOOHIIHFW SLFNXS WZR IRU $7*/
HQJLQHV

7KH UHG $SSOLFDWLRQ /(' LV OLW ZKHQHYHU WKH ,0

GHWHFWV D PDJQHW SDWWHUQ WKDW GRHV QRW PDWFK WKH
DSSOLFDWLRQ IRU ZKLFK WKH ,0 6HOHFWRU 6ZLWFK LV VHW
 YHUVXV  F\OLQGHU RU ZKHQ WKH LQFRUUHFW ,0 PRGHO
LV LQVWDOOHG LQOLQH ,0 PRGHO YHUVXV YHH HQJLQH ,0
PRGHO $GGLWLRQDOO\ WKLV /(' ZLOO OLJKW ZKHQ RQH
+DOOHIIHFW SLFNXS LV ORVW GLVFRQQHFWHG RU IDLOHG RQ D
WZR SLFNXS V\VWHP $7 HQJLQHV RU LI D PDJQHW LV ORVW
RU LV YHU\ ZHDN 7KH DSSOLFDWLRQ /(' ZLOO DOVR OLJKW
ZKHQ WKH 6HOHFWRU 6ZLWFK LV LQ WKH % SRVLWLRQ QR
DSSOLFDWLRQ

$ GLDJUDP RI WKH ,0 V\VWHPV LQSXWV DQG RXWSXWV LV

VKRZQ LQ )LJXUH 
(1*,1(6 6(59('
7KH ,0 LV GHVLJQHG WR IXQFWLRQ ZLWK :DXNHVKDV
JDVHRXV IXHOHG $7 9+3 DQG 9*) HQJLQHV 7KH ,0 FDQ
DOVR EH LQVWDOOHG DV D UHWURILW RQ HQJLQHV LQ WKH ILHOG
5HWURILW NLWV LQFOXGH DOO WKH UHTXLUHG ,0 FRPSRQHQWV
PRXQWLQJ KDUGZDUH DQG LQVWDOODWLRQ LQVWUXFWLRQV
$OO :DXNHVKD (QJLQH PRGHOV DUH FRYHUHG E\ WKUHH ,0
FRQWURO ER[HV 7DEOH  OLVWV WKH ,0 PRGHOV DQG WKHLU
HQJLQH DSSOLFDWLRQV
7DEOH  ,JQLWLRQ 0RGXOH $SSOLFDWLRQV
,*1,7,21 02'8/( 02'(/6
0RGHO 
9+3  &\OLQGHU
(QJLQHV

0RGHO 
9+3  &\OLQGHU
(QJLQHV

0RGHO 
9+3  &\OLQGHU
(QJLQHV

9*)  DQG 
&\OLQGHU (QJLQHV

9*)  &\OLQGHU
(QJLQHV

9*)  &\OLQGHU
(QJLQHV

$7  &\OLQGHU
(QJLQHV

$7  &\OLQGHU
(QJLQHV

$7  &\OLQGHU
(QJLQHV

)250  )LUVW (GLWLRQ

',$*1267,&
/('6

)LJXUH  ,0 'LDJQRVWLF /('V

  

DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION
THEORY OF OPERATION

Timing is changed with two 16 position (0 -- 15) timing

switches located on the side of the IM. Each switch can
be set to separate ignition timing settings for different
applications. Switch position 15 gives the most advanced timing on the active timing switch, either switch
A or B. Switch A has a more advanced timing range
than switch B. The timing advances/retards 1.0 degree
between each switch position. Grounding lead D in the
Power Pickup Harness (7--pin connector) activates the
timing selected by switch A. Ungrounded lead D will
activate the timing selected by switch B.

IGNITION MODULE OPERATION

The IM operates as a high energy capacitor discharge
solid state ignition system. The IM first steps up the input
voltage from 10 -- 32 volts to approximately 160 volts.
This voltage is then used to charge up energy storage
capacitors.
A gear or aluminum disc rotates at 1/2 engine speed.
Several magnets are imbedded in this gear or disc.
These magnets signal the position of the engine
crankshaft to the logic circuit in the IM through the use of
a Hall--effect pickup.

On dual fuel applications, it is possible to set the timing

switch A for one fuel and the timing on switch B for the
other fuel. This allows you to switch from one control to
the other when you switch fuels and have the proper
ignition timing in place automatically for each fuel.

When the IM and its internal microcircuits receive the

signal from the Hall--effect pickup, the IM triggers SCRs
(silicon controlled rectifiers) to release the energy
stored in the capacitors. The voltage is then stepped up
by the ignition coils to fire the spark plugs. The IM
releases this energy in a programmed, timed sequence
that varies with the application.

HALL-EFFECT PICKUP VERSUS MAGNETIC PICKUP

The Hall--effect pickup is a three wire solid state
electronic device that requires the sensing of a magnet
to trigger the pickup (see Figure 1.10-6). A magnetic
pickup is a two wire electrical device that produces a
voltage with the aid of a magnet as steel teeth move by.
A magnetic pickup can look identical to a Hall--effect
pickup but is self--powered and only has two connections (see Figure 1.10-7). Magnetic pickup devices
do not work with the IM.

NOTE: For AT27GL engines, the two Hall--effect pickup system operates similar to the single pickup system,
except one pickup is signalled by magnets in the
flywheel and the other by a single magnet in a disc on
the camshaft.

+
HALL--EFFECT
PICKUP

CONVENTIONAL CURRENT FLOW

OUTPUT

SIGNAL

WAUKESHA ENGINES
CEC IGNITION MODULE
(LOAD)

--

-MAGNETS

--

24 VDC SUPPLY

Figure 1.10-6. Sinking Type Hall--effect Pickup

CONVENTIONAL CURRENT FLOW

A
MAGNETIC
PICKUP

TACHOMETER
(LOAD)

Figure 1.10-7. Magnetic Pickup

1.10 -- 4

FORM 6272 First Edition

DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION
DEFINITIONS
Commercial Quality Natural Gas: Natural gas that
has been processed to remove heavy hydrocarbon
components. The heat value normally ranges from
900 -- 1000 Btu/ft3 SLHV (33.54 -- 37.26 J/cm3).
Hollands pipeline gas has a heat value of 820 Btu/ft3
SLHV (30.5 J/cm3).
Detonation: Detonation occurs when part of the air/fuel
charge cannot wait for the normal flame--front, which was
started by the spark plug, to pass completely through the
combustion chamber. The advancing flame--front heats
and squeezes the unburned mixture until it ignites on its
own. A good comparison is a grass fire. Normal
combustion is similar to a grass fire. It begins at one end
of a field, and the flame--front progresses in an orderly
manner through the field. When all of the grass is burned,
the combustion stops. During grass--detonation, the
grass would begin burning normally, but before the
flames could sweep through the length of the field, some
portion of the unburned grass would burst into flames.
When this happens in the combustion chamber of an
engine, two pressure waves, associated with the two
flame--fronts, slam together and cause an audible ping
or knock.
Digester Gas: A fuel gas formed by the decomposition of organic matter in a digester. It is composed
primarily of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
The heat value normally ranges from 500 -- 600 Btu/ft3
SLHV (18.63 -- 22.36 J/cm3). Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is
a typical trace component.
Field Gas: Raw or partially processed natural gas as
taken from an extracting well. The heat value normally
ranges from 900 -- 1500 Btu/ft3 SLHV
(33.54 -- 55.898 J/cm3).
Hall--effect Pickup: A three wire solid state electronic
device that requires the sensing of a magnet to trigger it.
HD--5: A commercial quality propane with the following
minimum requirements: 90 percent by liquid volume
propane.

FORM 6272 First Edition

Landfill Gas: A fuel gas formed by the decomposition

of landfill refuse. It is composed primarily of methane
(CH4) and carbon dioxide. (CO2). The heat value
normally ranges from 450 -- 550 Btu/ft3 SLHV
(16.77 -- 20.39 J/cm3). Chlorine and fluorine bearing
compounds are typical trace components.
LED: Light Emitting Diode. A semiconductor that emits
light (not a light bulb) and is used as power and alarm
indicators, located on the front of the IM.
Low Btu Fuel: Fuel having less than 700 Btu/ft3
(26.08 J/cm3), such as landfill gas.
Magnetic Pickup: A two wire electrical device that
produces a voltage and current flow as steel teeth move
by the pickup. Magnetic pickup devices do not work
with the IM.
Natural Gas: A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and other gases found beneath the earths
surface, often in connection with liquid petroleum.
The principle component is usually methane (CH4).
Minor components are heavier hydrocarbons and
other gases such as nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide
(CO2), helium (He), argon (Ar), oxygen (O2), and
hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Seldom used in its raw state
and normally processed to commercial quality natural
gas.
Propane: A fuel gas made of carbon (C3) and hydrogen
(H8). Often used as a backup fuel.
Sinking Output: In a sinking output device, the output
signal (current) flows from the control to the pickup.
Sourcing Output: In a sourcing output device, the
output signal (current) flows from the pickup to the
control.
WKI: Waukesha Knock Index. Waukesha Engines
procedure for reading the knock resistance or detonation resistance of gaseous fuels.

1.10 -- 5