Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Lecture 12
12.1 Pressure Relief Systems
12.2 Overpressurisation
12.3 Location of reliefs
12.4 Definitions and Code Requirements
Layers of Protection
What are
12.2 Overpressurization
Causes of overpressurization according to API include:
Blocked discharge
Failure of control valve
External fire
Utility failure : Cooling water failure, Power failure or
Instrument air failure
Heat-exchanger-tube failure
Blocked discharge
Closure of block valve at outlet exposing the vessel to a pressure that may
exceed the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP).
10
Blocked discharge
Closure of block valve at outlet exposing the vessel to a pressure that may
exceed the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP).
11
12
13
External fire
If the vessel has some liquid inventory, liquid inside will absorb the heat through
the vessel wall when it is exposed to an external fire. If the liquid inventory is
low or if the content is a gas, the heat from external fire is not dissipated by
vaporizing liquid; resulting in overpressure in the vessel.
14
External fire
15
Thermal
External heat input can cause liquid temperature, and hence volume, to rise.
Eg. A vessel or pipeline containing liquid is heated by direct solar radiation.
16
17
18
19
What happens if
the unit operation
is engulfed in a
fire?
What happens if
the process is
contaminated or
has a mischarge
of a catalyst or
monomer?
20
21
22
23
24
Rupture discs
Spring Operated PSV (Conventional and Balanced
Bellows)
Pilot Operated PSV
25
26
RUPTURE DISCS
27
28
29
CONVENTIONAL TYPE
30
31
32
PILOT PSV
33
34
35