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4. If (x + 1)1000 is multiplied out, how many of the coefficients are odd? How many are
not divisible by 3? by 5? Can you generalize?
5. According to the Journal of Irreproducible Results, any obtuse angle is a right angle!
C
D
x
B
A
P
Here is their argument. Given the obtuse angle x, we make a quadrilateral ABCD
with DAB = x, and ABC = 90 , and AD = BC. Say the perpendicular bisector
to DC meets the perpendicular bisector to AB at P . Then P A = P B and P C =
P D. So the triangles P AD and P BC have equal sides and are congruent. Thus
P AD = P BC. But P AB is isosceles, hence P AB = P BA. Subtracting, gives
x = P AD P AB = P BC P BA = 90 . This is a preposterous conclusion
just where is the mistake in the proof and why does the argument break down there?
6. Let us agree to say that a non-negative integer is scattered if its binary expansion
has no occurence of two ones in a row. For example, 37 is scattered but 45 is not, since
the binary expansion of 37 is 100101 in which the ones are all separated by at least
one zero, while the binary expansion of 45 is 101101 which has two ones in successive
places. For an integer n 0, how many scattered non-negative integers are there less
than 2n ?
7. 10 people are to be divided into 3 committees, in such a way that every committee
must have at least one member, and no person can serve on all three committees. (Note
that we do not require everybody to serve on at least one committee.) In how many
ways can this be done?
8. The squares of an infinite chessboard are numbered as follows: in the zeroth row and
column we put 0, and then in every other square we put the smallest non-negative
integer that does not appear anywhere below it in the same column nor anywhere to
the left of it in the same row.
... ...
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
7
4
5
2
3
0
1
...
7
6
1
0
3
2
...
7
0
1
2
3
...
7 ...
6 7 ...
5 4 7 ...
4 5 6 ...
What number will appear in the 2014th row and 1928th column? Can you generalize?