DIFFERENT DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND

THEIR USES
1. DRAWING TABLE
A drawing table (also drawing board, drafting table, drafting board
or architect's table) is a kind of multipurpose desk which can be used for any
kind of drawing, writing or impromptu sketching on a large sheet of paper or for
reading a large format book or other oversized document or for drafting precise
technical illustrations.

2. T-SQUARE
A T-square is a technical drawing instrument used by draftsmen primarily as
a guide for drawing horizontal lines on a drafting table. It may also guide a set
square to draw vertical or diagonal lines. Its name comes from its resemblance
to the letter T. T-squares come in varying sizes, common lengths being 18 inches
(460 mm), 24 inches (610 mm), 30 inches (760 mm), 36 inches (910 mm) and
42 inches (1,100 mm).

3. COMPASS
A compass (or pair of compasses) is a technical drawing instrument that
can be used for inscribing circles or arcs. As dividers, they can also be used as
tools to measure distances, in particular on maps. Compasses can be used
for mathematics, drafting, navigation, and other purposes.

4. FRICTION DIVIDERS
A divider is a tool that looks like a compass.
It is used in mathematics and navigation for
moving measurements from one place to
another and also for dividing.

5. BEAM EXTENDERS
A beam extender is used to draw large circles. Beam compass and trammel
points are used for very large circle layouts.

6. TRIANGLES
Wood, metal, or plastic triangles with 30 and 60 degree angles or with two
45 degree angles are used to speed drawing of lines at these commonly used
angles.

7. PROTRACTOR

A protractor is a rectangular, square, circular or semicircular measuring

instrument, typically made of transparent plastic or glass, for measuring angles.
Most protractors measure angles in degrees (). Radian-scale protractors
measure angles in radians.

8. FRENCH CURVE (IRREGULAR CURVE)

A French curve is a template made out of metal, wood or plastic composed
of many different curves. It is used in manual drafting to draw smooth curves of
varying radii. The shapes are segments of the Euler spiral or clothoid curve.

9. LETTERING GUIDE
A lettering guide template is a special type of template, used to write
uniform characters in a drawing nameplate. It consists of a sheet of plastic or

other material with carved alphabet letters and other shapes used especially for
creating technical drawings.

10.

ERASER

An eraser (US and Canada) or rubber (India, UK, Ireland, South Africa,
Australia and New Zealand) is an article of stationery that is used for
removing pencil markings. Erasers have a rubbery consistency and come in a
variety of shapes, sizes and colors. Some pencils have an eraser on one end.
Typical erasers are made from synthetic rubber, but more expensive or
specialized erasers are vinyl, plastic, or gum-like materials. Cheaper erasers can
be made out of synthetic soy-based gum.

11.

ART GUM

Art gum erasers are cream colored block used to remove smudges, not
mainly to erase and are far superior to standard erasers because they rub out
lead cleanly without eroding away the actual paper surface or leaving behind
smudges from either past lead rub-offs or the eraser itself.

12.

DRAFTING TAPE

Drafting Tape, also known as "the second most useful tape in the world" is
similar to duct tape in that it has a wide variety of uses, but differs in several key
areas. Mainly used to hold down paper at corners and not as sticky as masking.

13.

INDIA INK

India ink (or Indian ink in British English) is a simple black ink once widely
used for writing and printing and now more commonly used for drawing,
especially when inking comic books and comic strips. Indian ink is also used in
medical applications.

14.

VELLUM (TRACING PAPER)

Vellum or tracing paper is paper made to have low opacity, allowing light
to pass through. It was originally developed for architects and design engineers
to create drawings which could be copied precisely using the diazo copy process,
it then found many other uses. The original use for drawing and tracing was
largely superseded by technologies which do not require diazo copying or
manual copying (by tracing) of drawings.

15.

DRAFTING CLOTH

Drafting cloth, also known as drafting linen, was commonly used as an

alternative to wood-pulp and rag papers in creating technical drawings. Its major
benefits were considerable strength, especially in erasing and redrawing,
durability in handling, and translucency for making multiple reprographic prints.

16.

DRAFTING FILM

A drafting Film is a polyester film with a one or two side matte translucent
drawing surface. This film accepts lead, charcoal, graphite, colored pencil, pen
and ink with ease. It erases cleanly without smearing or leaving shadows. It is
also very expensive and requires a plastic pencil.

17.

DRAFTING MACHINE

A drafting machine is a very useful tool in technical drawing, consisting of a

pair of scales mounted to form a right angle on an articulated protractor head
that allows an angular rotation. It also a tool combining the function of a Tsquare, scale, and triangle.

18.

SCALES

Scales are used to establish measurements, not to be used as a

straightedge. Various shapes and types including the Mechanical Engineer's
Scale [inch divided by 16 parts; an inch or portion of an inch represents an inch(
can be 3/4 size, 1/2 size 3/8 size or 1/4 size)], Civil Engineer's Scale [inch
divided by 10 parts; an inch to represent 10 feet or more (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)],
Architect's Scale [inch divided by 12 parts; an inch or a portion of an inch
represents a foot ( 3, 1 1/2, 1, 3/4, 1/2, 3/8, 1/4, 3/16, 1/8, 3/32)] and a Metric
Scale [designed according to metric system with meter as standard unit. ( 1
meter = 39.37 inches or 1 inch = 25.4 mm) Scales are: 1:1(mm), 1:20, 1:33 1/3,
1:40,
1:50,
1:80,
and

1:100].

19. ERASER SHIELD

An erasing shield is a thin plate (as of metal or celluloid) with holes
usually of several sizes used to confine an erasure to a limited area. It is mainly
used to protect lines while erasing.

20.

PENCILS

These pencils are mainly used for drawing and are mixtures of graphite and
clay (kaolin ) ratio that determines hard ness with three grades: Hard = 9H - 4H,
Medium = 3H - B and Soft = 3B - 7B.

21. MECHANICAL PENCIL

A mechanical pencil (US English) or a propelling pencil (UK English) or
a pen pencil (Indian English) is a pencil with a replaceable and mechanically
extendable solid pigment core called a lead /ld/. The lead is not bonded to the
outer casing and can be extended as its point is worn away. The lead is actually
made of graphite or a solid pigment.

22.

TECHNICAL PEN

A technical pen is a specialized instrument used by an engineer, architect,

or drafter to make lines of constant width for architectural, engineering,
or technical drawings. A "rapidograph" pen is a trademarked name for one type
of technical pen. Technical pens use either a refillable ink reservoir (Isograph
version) or a replaceable ink cartridge.