I F$-200~

I ufQ

I- - - -MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
PAPER - I
SECTION A
Answer any four of tlte following (each answer should confimt to a limit of arow1d 150 words)

om

I.

(a)

Expl8llt how several eccentric masses rotaung m dinerent planes are balanced.

(b)
(c)

What IS meant by buckling of columns? Show how end fixation al'fects the bucki mg load
(5+5)
What IS hardenmg'l Why shotlld hardenmg be followed by tempenng?

(d)

D1scuss brie.fly a power pressing technique as applied 10 ceramic matenals.

ce

( I 0)

(a)

( I0)

2,

(5 + 5)

G1ve one method for the heat treaunem ofb1gh speed tool steeL

ra

(e)

.c

(I 0)

li77T

1771

xa

Smooth

Detennme the natural frequency of oscillation of spring mass system as shown above.
Delennine Ote addendum of (wo equal uwolules spur gears in mesh witl1 tl1e followmg
specification.
Nwnber of teed1 60
Pressure augle 20
Modtde 6 mm, and
Arc of contact I 75 ' ctrcular pitch.

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w

.e

(b)

(15)

(c)

(d)

3.

(a)

( I 0)

What IS meant by fnctton c1rcle'l Show that tbe radius of friction c1rcle depends only on tlte
ractius of the JOurnal and coefficient of fric.tion.
( 10)
G1ve the lield of appl1cation of cham drrves State tl1e advantages and rusadvamages of cham

doves
(5)

A steel bar of ctiameter 60 mm and lengtl1 300 rnm is subJected to an axial compressive load
of 50 kN. To what ctiametcr the middle one-third length of the bar be reduced in order to
mcrease the stored energy by 50%'/
( I 0)

1 ur')
A cant.ilev..-r of length 1.2 m came<,, udl of 4 kNhn non >nd o concc.."Jltrnted load of 10
llN t rh~ (ret end. The crol;s-seclinn nl' tht: cunLilever ~ rt:etangular and having a width ol' 40
mm and do1~ib of JOO mru .
( i)
Dr'llw SA<. and B.l\1. diagrams for the c"nu1cwr and obtain Ute value ()fS.P. and B.lVL
"' a oolion ln from tlte freu end.
(ii)
Obtain n<mn>l slrt>Ss and sl\c:Jr ~lr<:ss di:&tnoution on ,, section Jm from Ute freo ~'ttd,
nnd
(iii)
Calcul"tc llte OJAI<imum d~O..ction ofl!1e cuntilcver :~nd indica!" Uto location where il
occurs.

om

(b)

(10 ~ 1 55)

4.

(a)

Th~ fluctuatiM of energy of n flywheel wiUt mass 7500 kg and radiu.> of gyr:tion 2tn i> 60
kN-m. M.ean SJ~<:e<l is 120 rpm. Oetermme th< moximum 11nd minim11m $pee<ls.

( 10)

.c

(10)

t\ rc:<llangulur pl>lc of tl1 icknc:ss 10 mm catTics l<'llsilc ne>11nal strcsc of <71 = 600 MPa and 2
0'1 = 200 l\!Pa on two perpendicular pianes on which there nrc no sbcnr sh-esses. Obtain the
change in thicknes. oflhe plate. l'ake F.= 200 10' Pa and G = 80 x l<f Pa .
ItO)

ra

(C)

A crank and slotted lever quick return rnolion m~hanisnt Ita~ tlte following ! pecilic:!lloJU
Dis~.ce l>etween tixed centon = 200 mm
Lon_sU1 of Ute driving crnnl = 100 nun
S.ketch the meclt~ni;un . Determine th~ inclinotion of U1e s lotl"d bar wiU1 the vertical ln U1e
extreme position and th< ratio <>f cutting ~troke t,o return strok1::

ce

(b)

1\tt!WOt'

(~)

any tour ofU1e following {tU!ch ttll!Wat' sltottldconform 10 a limit of tltound ISO 11ord~)
i~

Wltal

meant by Built-Up-Edge IBUE) dtil>'l Comment

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S.

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SECTION B

0 11 i~

clfect during metal cutting

11~t ion .

\\lilb a block diagram. explain thedc.;troformiug process Jud its appUcaliou.

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w

(b )

(c )

(d )

(c)

(4 I 6)
(~ ' ~ I 2)

List nul the sl.:ps required in ''Morphology of Do:sign" lbr product <levelupmenl and
uw1ufocturing.
(i)

( ii)

(iii)

(lU)

What;, m~:<~nl brjob design?

How wiII ynu pr>::p>re the job stmctures to meetlhe joh requirement'/
Snmmarie lhe d<>:ision involved
(2 ~ " = 4)

Write down the chnrnderislic. of c nrrny for anginecring applicatioru.

\ 10)

6.

Co)

Wllllt i 01c purpose of p~rity eb~k in NC llt'OSJ'lllll preparation?

(10)

(1\)

What a11: the as,sumption made In u llrasqnic m<:hining process and blo writtt the proceSil
poram~teto fol' U1e $Otne?

3 ,,, 9
(5 +$)
(c)

By deriving rhe equations, determine rhe power required ro draw wire from 15.5 mm ro 13.25
rnm in di"meu)r at 125 m/min speed- Where j.1 = 0 15, (l =
S = lk- 39 Kg/mm 1

s.

(10 + 10)

Annual

curur.st

2
12000

1500

Unit Cost.

42.00 345.00

...
3
5
2200 500QO 9600
0 .70

Ro.

ta)

Discu.~s

109.00

0.50

2.00

492.00

(10

about fr~q uent versus rnfrequent cnpacaty <i.'<pansaon (lf a

+ 5\

m~11ufuctul'm~ syst<!J.IJ,

(10)

Descnbe a queuang model wrth KENDt\ LL 's notal ion rncorporating the priority rules.
(5)

A company markers dry groundn uts (packeted) through a clmln of food stores. ll has been
experiencing over-and-underproduction because of forecasting cnws. The following data are
in demand in packers for the past 5 weeks. Groundnnt packers are made for the fo llowing day
for example, Sw1day's production is for Monday's sales Monday's production is for
Tuesday 's saJes. and so foril~ 'fhe company is closed on Saturd~y, oo hidny'~ producri1m
must satisfy demand for both Saturday and Sunday
~~

\~000

What is your recommeudation to ctlt d1ecosts by using A-B-C an~tlysis ?

If ~1e item 1 is critical to continued operatipus. how will you recommend for items
classtficati<>n?

w
w

(b)

1.80

9
8011

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0.~0

8
11000

.e

(C)

26.25

JO

7
2000

(i)
(ii)

75U

ra

Jtcm No.

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.c

(ll)

An automobile instrumentmauufacturer bas identified the following opuons for obillining a

machined component They can our-source component at Rs. 2-20/- per uml (including
materials) They can manufumure the component on a semlauromat1c Ia Ute at Rs. 80/- f)IY
component (mchrdlng matena l)~ or they can manufacture rhe components on a CNC turning
centre at Rs. 181- per component including materra ls. There is negligible fL'<Cd tftbe items are
outsourccd, a seml-auromattc lathe costs Rs 3 5 Lacs and C:NC tunung centr~ costs Rs . 9,5
Lacs Suggest your optimal choic<JS for minimizing cost and maximizing profil if Ute
componem is sold ar Rs. 310/- each.
(IS)
In the p~st, an ' MNC industries' has used a fixed tim~ penod mvenr<iry systentrhat mvolv~d
taking a complete inventory count of all items l!ach month. However, mcreas(ng la bour costs
are forcing the industry to e.-.amine alternative W'd)'S to reduce the amount of labour iuvolvetl
in inventory stock- rooms, yet withom increasing other cosrs, such as shortage costs. Here Is a
random srunple o f 10 It~~.
( 10)

om

(a)

IMON
ITL
IWf
I'I'H

WK

15 Ago

14 A :o

ll70\

-=2800

s ~~

12 A

Ofl

2000

~!IOU

2lUO

2700

,..,.

2900

~::t

00
00
00

'.!90 0

=~

3200

2900

Make a forecast for tlus week on the following basis

(i)
Daily. using a sin1Ple tive-week moving ave111ge.
(ii)
Oatly U$ing a 1veighted average of0.3, 0.::!5, 0.2, 0 15, 0, 10 f'or the past five W!!el<s.
(S 1 S)

\C)

TI1e followmg table sho11 s the data for a PERT PrOgramme:

ACTIVITY A B

~
~

&.s
...._

Ocn

.!l

~..J

-.." -81<-~

.3.,

CD E F:C

1 I

H I ,J K L

l 3 2 3 ,, 6 2 4

1 3

2 2 3 4 3 55 7 4 6 2 5

....
...-

L are tbe endm~ attl\ tteS

(1)
ConstruCt 1M net\\011.

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xa

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(u1)

Fmd the ental path

Whats the probabihl\ of complenng 1M prOJect in 18days ~

.c

(1i)

om

i: :;u
3 3 6 5 4 76 8 6 8 3 7
e
i= o.. e
A and Bare swt acmnteS A controls C. D and E: B conln!ls F and J: G depends on C. II
depends on D. E and F control I and L. Kdepends on J. LIS also controlled~ K. G. H. I and

l ll'S-2011.1

5 of 'i

I_ __

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

J!

PAPER - II
SECTION A
A m;wer any lout pans
(a)

om

I.

'\ salesman rcp6rts that he has a st~am turbine available that deli vers 3 MW. The steam
~otcrs

the turbine m a pressure of 6 bar and leaves at 0.15 bar and the requlred rruc of steam

consumption is 12000 kj!/hour.

How do you evaluate htsclaim?

(i )

kg/hour, how do you evaluate 1\L~ claim now?

Derive Clausius-Clapeyron equation and calculate the change rn freezing temperature per bar
change m pressure for water Given that specific volume of water at O,C i~ lO.j m 3/kg and
that of ice is I 09 I 1 m3/kg Latent heat of ice= 335 kJ/kg
( 10)

Using the Maxwell relatiotl, derive the lol lowing equation dh

( 10)

!dit CrdT +fV

-T(~~ )Jd P

ra

(c)

(10)

ce

(b)

.c

Next he c~;111g"d his statement and said that the required steam now was 10,000

( ii)

Discuss the various fuels used in compression ig nitio n engines and spar~ ig nition engines
What are lhe desirable propenies of fuels used in these two types or engines? How are the
fuels used inC I. 1111d S.l engines rated?
( 10)

(e)

A steam pipe 75 mm 00 and 30 m long conveys 1000 kg of s team/hour at a pressure or 2

MN/m2 The steam emers tl1e pipe w ith a dryness traction of 0.98 and is to leave tl1e o tl1er

xa

(d)

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w

.e

end o f the pipe w ith a min imum dryness fraction of 0.% . This is to be accomplished by
suitable insularing the pipe. the tl1ermnl conductivity of insulat ing material being 0 19 W/m
K. Neglecting the temperature d rop along ~1e stem pipe, cletcnnine tlte minim um tltickl1ess of
insulation required to meet the necessary cond itions, Take the temperat ure of o utside surface
ofinsulation as 27 C. For steam at 2 MNim'. t - 212.4C and hrr "' 1888.6 k.J/kg.
( 10)

(n)

2.

(b)

oc.

1il a patallel llow heat exchanger water enters at 90C and leaves at I I
w hile oil of
specific gravity 0.8 ente.rs the exchanger at 280"C at1d leaves at 200"C. The specific heat of
1il Is 2 kJ/kgK Determine the loss in availability of the system tor I kg/s or oil now rate.
Environment is at JOO K.

(20J
In a ci<>Sed system. dry saturated steam at 100 bar expands isothermally and reversibly tO a
pressure of 10 bar Calculate the heal supplied and work done J>er kg o f steam during the

process
(20)
3,

Ia)

The following observations were made d uring a 30-minure trial of a single-cylinder, fourstroke gas engine having cylinder diameter of 18om <llld stroke 24 em, running at 300 rpm
Indicated mean e.flectivc pressure = 5 bar. total number af exp losions = 4425, total gas
consumption = 2.4 m 3 caloriftc value o f gas= 19000 kJ/m3 dens ity of ga~ = 1.275 kglm' . air

6 or<)
con.~umpllon : :l2 l m' . dcnslty of a[r = J :19 kgHn3 temp..'l"llturc of cxhau.~l gase~ = 350"C,

-pecific heal oJ' gue. = 1.0 kJII(g-K. mass of cooling wnter circulated = 120 kg. rise in
tcmp<r3ltu" tll' ~ooling wat<.'t - 30C. Net load on the brake drum i :'8 "-&and the c.ffc:.:tivo
diam<tet of the brake tlrum L, l m.
;\ssunung room U;mpcroture of27"C. calculate
(i)
Indicated power.

om

(ii)
lll'llkc power.
lodi.cnted Utennal efficiency,
(iii)
(iv)
t'-lechonic.1l el'focionc.y, and
(\')
Brake tl1ermol efficiency,
Also draw up a he:11 balance ~het Qn per minut~ hasls 11s well-as peroe.n~ag.: b-asi~,.

(25)

fhc vellttu-i of a implc c:u-burcllot has " tluoal diamotcr of 20 mm uud tlte fuel orifice ]IllS a
diameter of l.12 mm. '111c petrol &urf.1ce in th" float chamher is (i mm below the lhroot of
venturi. CoeJl1dent of discharge for venturi and fuel orifice 11re (1.85 and (),78 re:<pectively.
Density of petrol is 750 kg m3 D>lculal~
( i)
'Ote air-fuel rntio for a pressure drop ofO.OS b~r.
(ii)
11te min[mum air velocity at which petroltarts llowing into venturi throat. and
(iii)
Petrol consumption in 4"hr.
Intak-e air condition is I l>arand 17"C. For air !:Ike C = 1.005 k:J/kg-1\. and C = 0, 718 kJi l\gK.

(h)

( 15)

What is Ute main diffacnce in tlte consO'Uction in tl1e two-troke and four.,;troke o:tgiuc.s2
What is scvengiug in two stroke engine< and how is iL carried out? E"PIQiu with neat
sketches various methods of scavenging in two-stroke engines. Give also ~teir comparative
mc:-ri!s and d<m1erits.
A I

m~ter

(u)

long. lim dimcter cylindt:f plocc-d in un

xa

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ra

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.c

(b)

(15)
tmos~herc

l>f 30"C ;, pr(tvided wiU1 10

longitudino l str.lightfuts (11t~t'mol conductivity k 150 W 111 K). Titc fins 111'1: 0.80 mm thick
and e,xtcnd '25 em from lbo cylinder surf:aoe. rhc hot lrnnslcr cocft'ictcnt bolwecn the

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cylinder and the atmospheric nir is 25 W m2K 'l'he surtace temperature of the cylinder is
16<1'C. Calculate
(i)
the rate nfhe.,ttronsfer frorn cylinder tn air.
(ii)
the percentnge mcre>se in heut trans fer hy providing fins in compari.on to cylinder
without futs.
(iii)
the temper;~t11reattlte end of fins. aud
(iv)
tl1e eflici<m~) of tins.
(25)

A.n,;l\lor any. four port.

(a)
The air nl condilioo l7 C nttd n:btiv" butuidity 60% Is pit$s~d over a oboling coil at tho rn14
or 0.5 m',scc. The tempornturc of cooling coil is 6"C. Coltuloto tho rate of water ''llfiOUr
conden~ed.-\.snme that the barometric pressure is 1.1)13'25 bar ancl the air leaving the coi l is
nt9"C and 90~i> relative humidity. Determine also ill! b~-pass factor.

5.

SECTION 8

(I 0)

(h)

E.~plitin

the phenomena of equionolar counter clin\181011 Derive on expressiOn nl' eqoimolar

counter diJJusiou between two gasc:s.
( 10)

!d)

7 ur<)
Disllnguish with the help of simple .<kcti:hel! the diff<wnce betwoen n>tlltliT circulation nnd
forced c irculation steam g~nerators. State advantllgcs and disadvantage.'\ ol' each . Al~o
c(mll>R: litem with on be u.mugll l:>nitell!.
( 10)
Wllh the help of a neat sketch. e:q,lain the wodtnig of nn :tbsorptJOn rcfriglifllhOn $YStem
ha.c~ em solar heating, Gi\ c the fuotliou
oath ctlmp()uClll.
\Vhnl 1s the ma!rimum posible thcmtal l)udfic!icnl ol' pcrforniantc of an obsurptirm
reft]gCr(ltilln ay>ilCJll if heal is ~upplicd >l 9()C. heal rojc<:tion i~ AI 4()C nud rcfiigc~;1tiou
e liCct is tQ be 11btnined :11 5C?

.,.r

om

!c)

(lO)

In a h)'lrudoc~ie gencratill.s plauL lh<'fC ore f<HII oinillu tutbinc:s of' tolollnllpul 200 1\IW.
E11ch 1~.rhinQ ;, i)(Jqo etljcien<nd '""'' >I It)O l')!m under n heJ11l of 1\0 111, ll is pn>posed tu tes1
he mode) <.>1' the ubuvo turbines in the lob<Jf:JI<Jry where the w.1tr uvuilahle is 41)0 lit/<:e
under a heud of Sm. C. Jculh: (i) the scale ratio and rii) lh Jl<.>W<:r nd spe<:d of lhc ttlOdtl.
Tukc efficiency of model = &7%,
Give l~o llc~pt<cif:ic ~~toed of 1Ulb111~ and spocify the I~J)C of turbine tunnot.

(o)

r\ hemjspberica l c!<lvity of 1\0 em rndius is covered by" plate wiU bol" of 20 em diameter
drnlcd lD ll!$ CCI\IJ'C. The innot Ulfncc of the plato [$ maiJJCJJined at. 250C by o heater
embedded iu the urfaoc. The urf.1ce. may be a.sumed lo be hla~k and the hemlsphcrc Is
well insul3ted. A.<S'uming that Ute energy entering the hoi~ lrom outside is ncslfgihle,
Clllcul:uc. lhc tc..1npcraturc oftbc surf.1ce ul' Ute htinisphcrc ~nd the. pel\\ t:.r input "' the heater.

(10)

ra

(20)

(b)

llxplain the cffct of :~rc:~ chongo in subsonic and upen<onic nows .

, \ s ueam of air 11ows in a duct of I00 mm diameter at the rate of 60 kgnm . 'fhe Rtagn.1tion
tcmpernhore is 47'C. At one section or tlte duct the static Jlft:!ISUre ., 40 kl"a . Calcul~te th e
mach number. velocity nod slllgnotion pressure ol tltis section. T2ke
I ..I and R 0.287
kJ/kg -1-:.

t n)

A vapour c.ompn:ssioo s-yst-.an uses R-22 as u rt.-.frigl.mlnl and \\ orks b~tw'cl.:in oondcnstr
pressure and evaporator pro...uro cotTcsponding to saturation tempernlun::s of 44C and
20 c respectively. II uses a single acting redprocatin!' con1pressnr havmg bore eqnal to HI
em nd strr>~e c:qua.llo l2 Cl!\. Spcocd <)f tltt comllfOSSO<' ill 2800 !llUJ. the c leo ranee foutqr for
comrm:ssor ls 0.04. :\Jisumc lbc [)roce.~s of compre.osion to be isentropic. Reiiigcront vapour
atlbe outlet ofthe evaporator is dry ond saturotcd 111td liquiclai the out let of the cond~n~er Is
sub cooled to a l<1npernture oJ' ~.5"(" Assume lhe beha\~our of the .s uperheated vapour hl be
thol ()f nu ideal gas at C<ltl~lnnl prc:.~surc.
J)dorniinc
( l
temperature of the ~upcrilcatcd vapour at lh" <;.-tit ofcomf)teSsor.
i ii)
volumetric etticieney of the compressor.
(iii) ma. s flo"~ rate of the refrigerant,
( iY)
cooling W!paoity ofrdHgerncion ystom in Ions of refrigeration,
(v)
power needed to drive tb.e compwssor,
(vi)
COPof tl1c systc:m,
(vii) Dr11w lbo.cycl" 011 'f - & nnd p -b dL.g1"11no.
Us~ JoiJowiug 11ruperues of R-22:

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7.

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6.

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(e)

(20)

Saharntiou 1/cmperuhtTe

("CI

- 20

Pressure (bar)

44
2.448 lll.SSS

Enthalpy of sat. liquid

(I<Jikg)

397.53 I l6.43

Entrupy of ot. liquid

(k.Jikg-K)

0.9139 !,1.831

Entropy of Silt. vapour

(k.llkg-K)

L7841 1.5943

Sp. WJl umc of .sat. vapour

(m'lkg)

0.0928 0.0131;

.c

Assume a1eraboe specific heJt of superheated vapour and subcoole(l liqll1d at 16:885 ~r to be
equal I<> 0 05 and 1.30 Ulkg 'C t-especti,el)'.
(2Q)
Dr) bulb temJX>rntur~. 1, and 11~1 bulb temperature. r,, of moist air measured b) a sling ~'IX'
psychrometer are -IO"C and 26C respecul'ei) . Total presSt~e pof moist air is 1.02 bar.
Por a slif1l! type P>)'chrometer
P., = P. , - pA (1, - t. )

ce

(b)

or sat. vapour

( kJ/kg')

om

Elntht~py

177.21 254.30

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ra

"here t,- dl) bulb wmperaurreo. t., - tnwured 1\~t-bulh tempe.rawre. J> -tolal pressure,
Atsaconstant=7 10"1(1fe).
P. - panlal pressure ofwalllr l'apour in moist air
P" - panial press1rre Of 11at~r 1apour '" sammted atr at measured 11el bulb
''"'~,era~urc t...
Asrume gas constam for w11ter wpow 461 Jlkg-I;:,
llei<rmlne using only steam tables and properties of dry air
(I)

spedf1c hurnidi~.

(u)

relnti'~ humidit~,

dew poml temperaturt

(IV) specific emhalp}.
(;) deb~ee of saturation
( i) spe<:iflc volume. and
(;iit define ~ermodvnanu< wet bulb temperature sud discu.~ lhc procedure lot
dctermlning the lh~rmodynnmic wet bulb temperature m ~tt prest~ll case.

w
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(111)

(a)

(20)

A centrifugal compressor rllllllwg aJ 10.000 rpm deli1qs 800 m;/mm of free s1c The air is
oompressed ftom 100 kl'a and 17'C to s wmpression rauo of 4 witlt an tsentroptc efficietJC)'
of 82%. Impeller has radial blade; 3t otrtlet and l1o1' velodh Qf 60 m/!2(; tnt) be assumed
constftl)t throughout, The oukr radiu.< of impeller is twice the i1mer The slip factor is 0 Q AI
mlet blade area coefficientts 0.85 Calculate
(t)
final cempemture of arr,
(i1l theoretical power tequired.
(iii) di>meler of impeller at inlmnd
(v) blade angle of unpe1Jer at inlet.ruJd
(vi) blade angle ordiffuser at inlet, outlet,
(iv) breadth ol' impeller at inlet
Takfotou

9 of'll

C,, = 1.005 kJ/k"K,

C ,. = 0 .7 18 l<.J/kg- K.
(20)

(b)

The load has annual duration chamcleristics as tind~r

Load

iu kW
H'om-s

5000 4000 2000 1000 500

at lod 200 4000 2000 1000 1560

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om

Two plants. a steam turbine plant and a diesel engine plant are being considered. For the
steam plam, coal ar Rs. 4000 per ron with a calorific value of 25,00<1 kJ/kg is available
whereas for the diesel plant. oil al Rs, 8000 per ton with a calorific value of 40,000 kJ/~g is
available
The performance characteristics of the two plants are
Ste<tm. l = 2.5 l04 (6 + 8L + O.IOL1 )
Diesel I = 2.5 10' (9 + 4L +0.50 L2)
Where l is input in kJ/hour and L is load in MW The steam plant would require more men ar
a total salruy of Rs. 4,00,000 per annum for operation than the diesel planl Wttich plant
would be selected iP 01e steam plant cosl is Rs. 4000 per kW and diesel plant cost is Rs. 6000
per kW and no reserve capacity is required? The fixed obarges are 12% of ead1 plant.
(20)