SPEAKING 3

FINAL PROJECT
PESTICIDE

By:
1. I Made Suasta Jayendra

NIM. 1412021114

2. Putu Dika Pratiwi

3. Putu Linda Trisna Dewi

NIM. 14120211
NIM. 1412021127

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

LANGUAGE AND ART FACULTY
GANESHA UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION
SINGARAJA
2015/2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover
Table of Contents i
Abstract .. 1
Introduction
a. Background of Studies 2
b. Purpose of Writing 3
Discussion
a. The Usage of Pesticide 4
b. The Effect of Pesticide to Human Body 5
Conclusions .. 6
Solutions .. 7
Questions List . 8
Resources

ABSTRACT
People have been living in a modern world since a long time ago. That modern
world is named as Earth as now days. Time to time, generation and generation
has passed. Time changes everything including humans perspective. Modes of
clothes, language, education, health, even food are changed. Education becomes a
wonderful factor in influencing the changes itself. It directly leads people onto
another world besides their old world. People can learn everything that they dont
know before, just like how does Earth rotates, how does human brain works, and
many more. Finally, they understand the usage of science, usage of chemistry lab
and usage of chemicals liquids. The day by day, people are smarter and smarter.
They start thinking about future; change humans lifestyle into a simple and
materialistic lifestyle. They start to become workaholics, thinking about surviving
their life by spending less time doing useless things. The scientists are too busy to
think about how do we as humans survive this life by chemicals product that they
discovered. One of them is chemical product that may use to preserve humans
organic food from insects. Todays, usage of pesticide grows widely on this earth.
Especially in developing countries, like in Indonesia. This chemical product brings
us benefits in maintaining the organic food such vegetables from pests that may
destroy it. Yet, it also brings us harm to our life, such as health problems. This
paper will bring you reality of pesticide usage even it is in developing or
developed countries. It also will explain you about how does it bring both harms
and goods to humans life.

Keyword: changes, usage, pesticide, harms, goods.

INTRODUCTION
A. Background of Studies
Pesticide is a chemical used to kill or control pests. In the history of human
civilization, the pesticide has been used for a long time, especially in the sector of
health and agriculture. In the health sector, the pesticide is an important tool. It is
mainly used in protecting humans from direct interference by certain bodies or
indirectly by a variety of infectious disease vectors. In agriculture, the use of
pesticides has also been perceived benefits to increase production. Today the pesticide
is an indispensable means. It is mainly used to protect plants and crops, livestock or
fish from the losses incurred by various pests. Even the farmers, assume that the
pesticide is a "Savior" which is very vital. Because with the help of pesticides,
farmers believe can avoid losses due to pests attack the plant consisting of a group of
pests, diseases and weeds. That belief, tends to trigger the use of pesticides from time
to time is increasing rapidly.
In Indonesia, the most farmers who use various type pesticides are vegetable
farmers, food crop farmers and fruit farmers. It seems difficult to break away from
dependence on pesticides. Planting vegetables without pesticides are considered
unsafe, and pesticide is often used as a guarantee the success of production. The
increasing of agricultural development in Indonesia cause the need of pesticides
increase in both quantity and kind.
Indeed, we admit, pesticides give many benefits and advantages. For example, it
quickly reduces the population of pest of plants with a longer period of control, it is
easy and practical to use, it is easily produced on a large scale and easily transported
and stored. Another benefit, economically, the use of pesticides is relatively
favorable. However, that does not mean the use of pesticides does not cause adverse
effects. It is undeniable, more real dangers of pesticides felt by the public, especially
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due to the use of pesticides that are not wise. If the use of pesticides without balanced
with the protection and health care, people who are often in contact with pesticides,
gradually it is going to affect his health. Pesticides poison people not only when
pesticides are used, but also when preparing, or after spraying. It also dangerous to
the people who consume food with pesticide. Consumers who eat products containing
pesticides, unknowingly also consume pesticides through a dish of food they
consume each day. If pesticides have too high residue on the plant, it will harm the
consumer.
In this paper, we are going to discuss about the usage of which is easily can be
found farming environment especially in Bali. Our informer, Mr. Brown who came
from Australia has his statement and his comment of pesticide. Mr. Browns opinion
is our primary data. We also put some secondary information from the internet that
can help and complete the Mr. Sebastians statement.
B. Purposes of Writing/Objectives
The objectives of writing this paper based on the background which is explained
above are:
1. To know the definition of pesticide.
2. To know the usage of pesticide.
3. To know some examples of pesticide.
4. To know the effect of pesticide to human body.

DISCUSSION
I.

Usage of Pesticide.

a. Based on Mr. Brown opinion.

There are different perspectives of usage of pesticide. Pesticide is chemical thing
that used in food in term to preserve them from ants, insects, and many more that
disturb the food itself. It is difficult to see from farmers perspective. For example if
the farmer farms one type of plant, then if there is any pests, ants or dangerous insects
come, then they will destroy the whole plants. This is why farmers use pesticide.
Besides, it is the easiest way to control those dangerous insects. In Australia there is
one strong trend to use more organic foods so there are lots of farmers are now trying
to grow organic foods with no pesticide. They are using an organic control of pests.
Especially there we have lots of diversity, and that helps those pests under control.
Meanwhile, they also have lots of organization that keep organic farming under
control. Because they begins with a really small scope of agricultural then developed
into large and modern agriculture, yet, now they have to come back to the old style of
agriculture. In conclusion, Australia does not support the usage of pesticide in their
foods.
In Indonesia, the consciously of people is still less in caring the environment,
especially in controlling the usage of pesticide itself. It makes, the usage of pesticide
in Indonesia may bring more harm than good for people and environment. It is a little
bit different with the Australian people that already apply the great solution to
maintain the foods from pests yet with the traditional ways that make the bad impact
will decrease.
Definitely, despites his opinion about the usage of pesticides, Mr. Brown will
choose food with no pesticide with a little bit bad looking rather than the food with
pesticide yet attracting. Because he is sure that the food with no pesticide will taste
better meanwhile it is also healthier. They usually just are looking to the organic food
and pay more for it.

Yet, Indonesian people are still attracted by the eye catching things, including
food, without realize that the non-eye catching food is healthier.
b. Secondary data.
According to Warlino Girsang, one of the Staf Pengajar Kopertis Wilayah 1 Dpk.
Fakultas. Pertanian USI P. Siantar, pesticide means a killer for pests that can be
divided into some kinds of pesticide. One of them is a synthetic pesticide. This
pesticide is commonly used by farmers to protect their plants from pests. He said that
not only giving bad impacts to the pests that farmers want to kill, but also giving bad
impacts on health to human body, other animals (that is not including the pests), and
organisms that is actually useful to us. The harms of the usage of pesticide are divided
into 3 major points. Firstly, the negative impact for human body healthiness.
Secondly, the negative impact to the environment, and the last is, the usage of it
makes the pests population is higher.
Yet, in USA, there is an Environmental Protection Agency that works under the
Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) that make sure the usage of pesticide in USA
will bring no harm even for children. Its because of FQPA has their own standard in
controlling the usage of pesticide in USA. In addition, this organization reevaluates
the each pesticides safety in every 15 years.
According to yukiwalter.com, the harms of pesticides in foods lead us to some
chronic diseases. For instance, like cancer and tumor. The harms do not attack
humans body only but also attack other organisms that actually useful to
environment and food chain, and of course give bad impacts to the ecology (for
example like water pollution).
II.
The Effect of Pesticide to Human Body.
a. Based on Mr. Browns opinion.
Talking about the effect or impact pesticide to human body, it has been proved
that pesticide can caused diseases to humans body,

such as damage on lung,

stomach, and also impact to pregnancy. But, farmers usually say it is not make
damage to human body, maybe as a farmers they didnt want the costumers be afraid
to know the truth of it. Perhaps the farmers itself dont know the long term effect of
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it. Farmers and their families and other persons who use chemical pesticides regularly
are at greatest risk for achieving toxic levels in their bodies. Anyone who uses
pesticides or is present when pesticides are sprayed is at risk for dangerous exposure.
The pesticides can enter the body through skin, eyes, mouth and nose. Even the effect
is small but after long period time it will be dangerous. Other possible health effects
include asthma, allergies, and hypersensitivity, and pesticide exposure is also linked
with cancer, hormone disruption, and problems with reproduction and fetal
development. A lot of customers believe if that is not good, so they reduce to use it.
b. Secondary Data.
Talking about the effect or impact pesticide to human body refers from pesticide
education that our group got from internet. We have harmful effects of some pesticide
families such as fungicides, herbicides, insecticides. First of all, the acute toxicity of
fungicides to humans is generally considered to be low, but fungicides can be
irritating to the skin and eyes. Inhalation of spray mist or dust from these pesticides
may cause throat irritation, sneezing, and coughing. Chronic exposures to lower
concentrations of fungicides can cause adverse health effects. Most cases of human
fungicide poisonings have been from consumption of seed grain. Second, Herbicides
in general, herbicides have a low acute toxicity to humans because the physiology of
plants is so different than that of humans. However, there are exceptions; many can
be dermal irritants since they are often strong acids, amines, esters, and phenols.
Inhalation of spray mist may cause coughing and a burning sensation in the nasal
passages and chest. Prolonged inhalation sometimes causes dizziness. Ingestion will
usually cause vomiting, a burning sensation in the stomach, diarrhea, and muscle
twitching. And the last one is insecticides, The most serious pesticide poisonings
usually result from acute exposure to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides.
Organophosphate insecticides include chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, disulfoton,
malathion, methyl parathion, and ethyl parathion.
CONCLUSION
Based on the information from Mr. Brown about pesticide on food and also from
the several resources that complete his statement, we conclude that pesticides are
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widely used in agricultural sector to kill variety of pests. Pesticides are associated
with well-known acute health problems such as weeds, insects, rodents and

fungi

who adversely affect the crop growth and productivity. The agricultural workers who
are involved in pesticide spraying are prone to get the exposure and acquire some
toxic effects of pesticides. Pesticide poisoning is a significant problem in developing
countries because of the traditional, but inadequate, application practices employed.
The farm workers are engaged in the spraying pesticides without any precautionary
measures. They usually do not use any protective devices while mixing, loading and
spraying of pesticides, consequently they get the pesticide exposure. The main routes
of exposure in pesticide sprayers are by inhalation, dizziness, vomiting, headaches,
abdominal pain, and skin and eye problems. All pesticides have the potential to be
harmful to humans, animals, other living organisms, and the environment if used
incorrectly.

SOLUTION
1. Mr. Browns ideas.
Mostly people in Indonesia do gardening. So, people here rarely buy fruit or
vegetable that may contain pesticide. Indonesian farmers have other ways than
using pesticides on plants namely organic pesticides. Organic pesticide is
made from natural ingredients such as plants, animals and microorganisms.
This pesticide is environmentally friendly, safer for human health and also
save on the economic side. Therefore, it is need for further counseling to
farmers about organic pesticides.
2. Organic food.
Organic food is food that is produced naturally. Food is generally sprayed
with pesticide, but organic food using natural methods to overcome the
problem of pests and insects. Because it is free from chemicals, organic foods
must be healthier in the long term. Organic food is also usually fresher and
more delicious when eaten. Food which is naturally grown can also last
longer, so at the same time it is minimizing the use of preservatives. Organic
farming is proven to reduce pollution (air, water and soil), conserve water,
reduce erosion, improve soil fertility, and use less energy. In addition, organic
farming is better for the ecosystem around. Farming without pesticides is also
safer for the farmers who manage the production of food.
3. Wash fruit and vegetable.
According to wikihow, there are several way to wash fruit and vegetable so it
may minimize the pesticide contain in food.
a. Soaking.
Vegetables and fruits are soaked in a sink or in a big bowl. So, vegetables and
fruit will soak in the water. You also can clean the skin of fruits and vegetables
using a small brush.
b. Under running water
Washing fruits and vegetables will also be maximized if it washed under
running water directly. This is usually done to rinse fruits and vegetables that
have been cleaned when it is soaked.
c. With warm water or boiled water
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Wash fruits and vegetables with warm water is also very helpful to clean the
pesticides that may still be attached to the skin. Warm water is also suitable if
the fruits and vegetables you will be directly eaten without cooking process
first.
d. Use water that has been mixed with salt or water mixed vinegar
Salt water also helps remove pesticides. Soak fruits and vegetables in water
with 1-2 teaspoons of salt for 5 minutes. Then rinse to clean the salt. As with
salt, vinegar is also effective to eliminate pesticides in the skin create and
vegetables. Use a half cup of vinegar for every two cups of water. Soak fruits
and vegetables for 5-15 minutes. Then, rinse it.

QUESTION LIST
1. What is your opinion about the issue Pesticide in Food? Because todays, we
all know that everything has to be good, even for food? There is should be
something inside the food to make it longer to be used.
2. If you had choices, what would you choose between food with pesticide, while
the appearance is good or food with no pesticide yet the appearance is not
good?
3. What is your opinion about the effect of pesticide to human body?
4. Rather than using pesticide, is there another way to avoid the pest from plant?

RESOURCES
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http://extension.psu.edu/pests/pesticide-education/applicators/fact-sheets/pesticidesafety/safe-use-of-pesticides-around-the-home on 10th of November 2015 at 5.00

p.m.
http://lifestyle.okezone.com/read/2015/04/04/298/1129023/panduan-mencuci-agarbuah-sayuran-bebas-pestisida on 10th of November 2015 at 3.00 p.m.
https://usitani.wordpress.com/2009/02/26/dampak-negatif-penggunaanpestisida/ on 14th of November 2015 at 2.00 p.m.
https://Yukiwaterfilter.com/in/artikel-144-bahaya-pestisida-pada-buah-dansayur.html on 12th of November 2015 at 10 a.m.
www.epa.gov/safepestcontrol/food-and-pesticides on 9th of November
2015 at 8.00 a.m.
http://extension.psu.edu/pests/pesticide-education/applicators/factsheets/pesticide-safety/potential-health-effects-of-pesticides
http://science.jrank.org/pages/3600/Insecticides-Damages-caused-byinsecticide-use.html