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(OP)
28 Dec 08 21:36
As we know under ground HV Cable sheath bonding methode are:
single point bonding and cross bonding methode.
With single bonding we have to derated the current carrying capacity of the cable. That's why
a lot of engineers prefer cross bonding methode.
I would like to know if the conductor have been transposed at a certain length of cable do we
still have to cross bonding the sheath to be able the get the same result?
Best regards,
Stanyadji
2
The two responses above surprise me. I think you would not need (or indeed want) to
crossbond cable sheaths if the phase conductors are fully transposed.
My reasoning is described below without a great deal of rigor. If people disagree, perhaps I'll
try harder!
Suppose we look at the cable end-on:
(A)
(B)
(C)
Where (A), (B), (C) represent the phase conductors, and x is a point between two phases, in
the same horizontal plane. Assume that all current flows into the page, which means that
each conductor produces circular lines of flux which flow in a clockwise direction. At point x,
the lines of flux from all phase conductors are vertical and can be summed algebraically. The
magnetic field at x due to the current in A-phase is k1*Ia, the magnetic field due to B-phase is
k2*Ib, and the magnetic field due to C-phase is k3*Ic where k1, k2, k3 are constants.
The total magnetic field at x is:
Bx = k1*Ia + k2*Ib + k3*Ic
For a balanced three phase system Ia + Ib + Ic = 0, however, k1, k2 and k3 are different,
because x is not the same distance from all conductors. An non-zero magnetic field
therefore exists at x.
The cable sheaths form loops which are shown below:
+-----------A phase sheath-------------+
| A-C loop
x
|
+-----------B phase sheath-------------+
| B-C loop
|
^^
Remote end
(B)
(C)
(C)
(A)
(A)
(B)
vectorially adding these three voltages together yields zero under the above conditions. You
may consult CIGRE Electra reports 28 from 1973 or #47 from 1976 or IEEE guide 575 etc.
As jghrist stated, transposing the cables does not eliminate the need to cross bond the
shields. A shield "circuit" needs to shield equal lengths of all three phases. The physical
relationship of the phases has nothing to do with the currents that would be induced in the
shields.
Sorry folks for "reheating" this a few months old thread. I was looking for information on the
same subject and arrived here.
Most of what was written here is right. However, the cross-bonding system does not eliminate
the circulating current entirely if it is used on the arrangement shown above (flat) because it
is not symmetrical system. There would be some residual voltage at the end of a major
section. Using trefoil arrangement would help.
The second note: the equal length doesn't eliminate the residual voltage either. Since the
system impedances depend on the separation of phases the axial distance between cables
must be equal through the entire major section. If you have horizontal directional drilling
where the cable spacing is different the whole grounding system has to be carefully
calculated. The same happens if you change cable arrangement at any point of a section.
Third note: if you use the single ended bonding system be aware that the ground continuity
conductor (that must be used) is a parallel running conductor grounded at both ends. There
would be some induced voltage and circulating current in this conductor. This in turn should
be taken into account when calculating the system ampacity if the circulating current
magnitude would increase the GCC temperature significantly.
In my opinion the sheath grounding system is difficult to calculate and most of the time
neglected in the process of designing. Its modelling should be as careful as for ampacity
calculation.
If any of my notes are not 100% correct please feel free to notify me or post your correction.
On the last note, please be careful when use IEEE575 existing issue.