Depressive Disorders & Bipolar Disorders

Depression= C GASP DIE

C-oncentration decreased
G-uilt
A-ppetite disturbance
S-leep disturbance
P-sychomotor changes
(agitation/retardation)
D-eath (suicidal thoughts)
I-nterests decreased (anhedonia)
E-nergy decreased

Mania= DIG FAST

D-istractibility
I-ndiscretion (risky behavior)
G-randiosity (high self-esteem)
F-light of ideas
A-ctivity increase (opposite of avolition)
S-leep deficit (insomnia)
T-alkativeness

Dysthymia= Hes 2 Sad

H-opelessness
E-nergy loss/fatigue
S-elf-esteem is low
2 years minimum of depressed mood
S-leep disturbance
A-ppetite disturbance
D-ecision-making (concentration)
impaired

Hypomania= TAD HIGH

T-alkativeness
A-ttention deficit
D-ecreased need for sleep
H-igh self-esteem (grandiosity)
I-deas that race
G-oal-directed activity (opposite of
avolition)
H-igh-risk activity (indiscretion)

Anxiety Disorders
Generalized Anxiety Disorder= WATCHERS
W-orry
A-nxiety
T-ension in muscles
C-oncentration problems (notice threatening words too much; barely notice
nonthreatening words)
H-ypervigilance (irritability/hyperarousal)
E-nergy loss
R-estlessness (occupied w/things that dont matter)
S-leep disturbance
Panic Attack= Students Fear the 3
Cs
S-weating
T-rembling
U-nsteadiness (dizziness)
D-epersonalization (derealization)
E-xcessive heart rate (hyperventilation)
N-ausea
T-ingling
S-hortness of breath
Fear of dying, losing control, going crazy
3 Cs (Chest Pain, Chills, Choking)

Panic Attack= PANICS

P-alpitations (hyperventilation)
A-bdominal distress
N-umbness, nausea
I-ntense fear of death
C-hoking, C-hills, C-hest Pain

Trauma & Stressor Related Disorders

Reactive Attachment Disorder / Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder /
PTSD /
Acute Stress Disorder / Adjustment Disorders
- Traumatic event required for each type
PTSD= TRAUMA
T-raumatic event
R-e experience in dreams or daytime
flashbacks
A-voidance
U-nable to function
M-onth or more of symptoms
A-rousal increased (sleep deficit)

PTSD= DREAMS
D-isinterest in usual activities
(avoidance)
R-e experience in dreams or daytime
flashbacks
E-vent preceding symptoms (traumatic
event)
A-voidance
M-onth or more of symptoms
S-ympathetic arousal, S-leep deficit

PTSD
- Common in survivors of accidents and rape
- Cultures w/constant terror attacks have higher rates of PTSD
- Sx= look at mnemonics
- Coping mechanisms= alcohol or drugs for some people
- Rebound= social support mechanisms may help
Reactive Attachment Disorder
- Inhibited, emotionally withdrawn
- Social & emotional disturbance

Disinhibited Social Engagement

Disorder
- Approach & interact w/ unfamiliar
adults

Acute Stress Disorder

- Sudden change in thought, feeling,
behavior
- Stimulus threat perception
adrenaline
- Sympathetic nervous system
adrenaline
- Hypothalamus pituitary adrenal
medulla
norepinephrine

Adjustment Disorder
- Adjust poorly

Personality Disorders
Cluster A= Behavior that
Paranoid= SUSPECT
= pervasive mistrust
S: Spouse fidelity
suspected
U: Unforgiving (bears
grudges)
S: Suspicious of others
P: Perceives attacks
E: Enemy or friend?
C: Confiding in others
feared
T: Threats perceived in
benign events

is odd or eccentric
Schizotypal= Me
Peculiar
= odd thinking
M: Magical thinking/beliefs
E: Experiences unusual
perceptions
P: Paranoid ideation
E: Eccentric
behavior/appearance
C:
Constricted/inappropriat
e behavior
U: Unusual/odd
thinking/speech
L: Lack close friends
I: Ideas of reference
A: Anxiety in social
situations
R: Rule out psychotic
disorders and pervasive
development disorder

Cluster B= behavior that is dramatic,

Antisocial= CORRUPT
= disregard
C: Continue to violate laws
O: Obligations ignored
R: reckless disregard for safety/rights of
others
R: Remorse lacking
U: Underhanded (deceitful, lies, cons
others)
P: Planning insufficient (impulsive acts)
T: Temper (irritable and aggressive)

Schizoid= DISTANT
= lack interest,
detachment
D: Detached (flat effect)
I: Indifferent to
criticism/praise
S: Sexual experience of
little interest
T: Tasks done solitarily
A: Absence of close
friends
N: Neither desire/enjoy
friends
T: Take please in few
activities

emotional, or erratic
Borderline= AM SUICIDE
= instability
A: Abandonment
M: Mood instability
S: Suicidal (or self-mutilating); S:
Splitting
U: Unstable and intense relationships;
Uncertainty about self-image, sexual
identity, LT goals, values
I: Impulsivity
C: Control of anger
I: Identity disturbance
D: Dissociative (or paranoid) Sx
E: Emptiness (Chronic feelings of
emptiness)

Histrionic= PRAISE ME
P: Provocative
R: Relationships (considered more
intimate than they really are)
A: Attention
I: Influenced easily
S: Style of speech (impressionistic, lacks
details)
E: Emotions (rapidly shifting and
shallow)
M: Make-up (colorful to draw attention)
E: Emotions exaggerated (theatrical)
Cluster B: more mnemonics
Antisocial= CORRUPT
= disregard

Narcissistic= SPECIAL
S: Special (grandiosity)
P: Preoccupied w/fantasies, success
E: Entitlement (interpersonal
relationships)
C: Conceited
I: Interpersonal exploitation
A: Arrogant
L: Lacks empathy
** Feel rage, inferiority, shame,
humiliation, or emptiness when not
viewed favorably by others
Borderline= DESPAIRER
= instability
D-isturbance of identity
E-motionally labile
S-uicidal behavior
P-aranoia or dissociation
A-bandonment (fear of)
I-mpulsive
R-elationships unstable
E-mptiness (feelings of)
R-age (inappropriate)

Histrionic= ACTRESSS
= attention
A-ppearance focused
C-enter of attention
T-heatrical
R-elationships (thought to be more
serious)
E-asily influenced
S-eductive behavior
S-hallow emotions
S-peech (impressionistic and vague)

Narcissistic= GRANDIOSE
= grandiose
G-randiose
R-equires attention
A-rrogant
N-eed to be special
D-reams of success and power
I-nterpersonally exploitative
O-thers (unable to recognize
feelings/needs of)
S-ense of entitlement
E-nvious

Cluster C= behaviors that are anxious

Avoidant= CRINGES
C-certainty (of being liked required
before willing to get involved with
others)
R-rejection/criticism preoccupies
thoughts in social situations
I-intimate relationships (restraint in
intimate relationships due to fear of

or fearful
Avoidant= CRINGES
C-criticism/rejection preoccupies
thoughts in social situations
R-restraint in relationships due to fear of
shame
I-inhibited in new relationships
N-needs to be sure of being liked before
engaging socially

being ashamed)
N-new interpersonal relationships (is
inhibited in)
G-gets around occupational activity
(involving significant interpersonal
contact)
E-embarrassment (potential) prevents
new activity or taking personal risks
S-self viewed as unappealing, inept, or
inferior

G-gets around occupational activities

w/need for interpersonal contact
E-embarrassment (potential) prevents
new activity or taking personal risks
S-self viewed as unappealing, inept, or
inferior

Dependent= RELIANCE
R: Reassurance required for decisions
E: Expressing disagreement difficult (due to fear of loss of support or approval)
L: Life responsibilities (needs to have these assumed by others)
I: Initiating projects difficult (due to lack of self-confidence)
A: Alone (feels helpless and discomfort when alone)
N: Nurturance (goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support)
C: Companionship (another relationship) sought urgently when close relationship
ends
E: Exaggerated fears of being left to care for self
Obsessive-compulsive= LAW FIRMS
L: Loses point of activity (due to preoccupation with detail)
A: Ability to complete tasks (compromised by perfectionism)
W: Worthless objects (unable to discard)
F: Friendships (and leisure activities) excluded (due to a preoccupation with work)
I: Inflexible, scrupulous, over conscientious (on ethics, values, or morality, not
accounted for by religion or culture)
R: Reluctant to delegate (unless others submit to exact guidelines)
M: Miserly (toward self and others)
S: Stubbornness (and rigidity)
Obsessive-compulsive= SCRIMPER
S-stubborn
C-cannot discard worthless objects
R-rule obsessed
I-inflexible
M-miserly
P-perfectionistic
E-excludes leisure due to devotion to work
R-reluctant to delegate to others