Mechanical Analysis and Design

Mechanical Analysis and Design
ME 2104
Lecture 1
Introduction
Prof Ahmed Kovacevic
School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences
Room CG25, Phone: 8780, E-Mail: a.kovacevic@city.ac.uk
www.staff.city.ac.uk/~ra600/intro.htm
Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London
28/09/2015
Plan for today

What is Engineering Design
About ME2104
Teams and Personal preferences
Team development
Design Documents
28/09/2015
What is DESIGN in Engineering?

Design is:
Systematic Process by which solution to the needs of
humankind are obtained and communicated
Essence of Engineering
Structured problem solving activity
Engineering Design Process is:

Multidisciplinary task which contains:
Technological factors
Social factors
Team iterative work

28/09/2015
Engineering & Mechanical Design

Engineering design process
an iterative decision making activity, to produce plans by which resources are
converted, preferably optimally with due consideration for environment into
systems and devices (products) to meet human needs.
(Woodson.T.T )
Mechanical design process

is the use of scientific principles and technical information along with
innovations, ingenuity or imagination in the definition of a machine, mechanical
device or system (product) to perform pre specified functions with maximum
economy and efficiency.
(Engineering Design Council, UK)
28/09/2015
Products
Classical definition:
Products are artifacts (i.e. artificial object) made by industry in order to
fulfill society needs.
Conventional industrial economy is currently shifting to a service economy. In that
light, the notion, role and appearance of products are all drastically changing with
current economical changes.
Progressive definition:
Products are flexible systems (packages) of artifacts and/or services
aimed to fulfill society needs in sustainable ways.
28/09/2015
Plan for this academic year
Three elements of the module:

1. Mechanical Analysis
Dr Matthew Read
Prof Keith Pullen
Prof Ranjan Banerjee
2. Mechanical Design
3. 3D CAD - Catia
(part of ME2110)
Dr Sham Rane
28/09/2015
Plan for this academic year
Topics :
Management of Engineering design process

3D CAD - Catia (part of ME2110)
Research, Conceptual, Preliminary & Detailed Design
Design, build and test project Tennis Ball Server
Lecturer:
Tutors:
Team coaches:
Room:
28/09/2015

Dr Matthew Read, Dr Sham Rane
Israt Kabir, Bhagya Chagarlamudi,
Abdullah Qaban, Naumana Ayub
Great hall on Mondays 13,00 14,50
8
Agenda Web Page
28/09/2015
Additional tutorial rota

Term 1
Oct-Dec
Week nos
Day/Time
3,5,8,10
Thu 14-15
ME2109 Tut 1/1 1st hour
ME2109 Structures CLG36
AE2203 Tutorial C322
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2111 Maths CG56
Thu 15-16
ME2109 Tut 1/1 2nd hour
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2104 Tutorial C322
Fri 14-15
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2109 Mechatronics C322
ME2109 Fluids C150
Fri 15-16
ME2109 Fluids C150
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Thermo C158
Thu 14-15
AE2203 Tutorial C322
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2111 Maths CG56
Thu 15-16
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2104 Tutorial C322
Fri 14-15
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2109 Fluids C150
Fri 15-16
ME2109 Fluids C150
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Thermo C158
4,7,9,11
ME2109/ME2111/AE2203/ME2104 Tutorial Rota: Groups and Room Allocations

Label
A1
A2
A3
A4
MA1
MA2
MA3
MA4
Term 2
Jan-Mar
1,3,5,8,10
Wed 9-10
ME2109 Fluids C150
AE2203 Tutorial CLG36
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2111 Maths CG56
Wed 10-11
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Fluids C150
ME2104 Tutorial CLG36
Thu 9-10
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Thermo A107
ME2109 Mechatronics A108
Thu 10-11
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Thermo A107
Wed 9-10
AE2203 Tutorial CLG36
ME2109 Fluids C150
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2111 Maths CG56
Wed 10-11
ME2109 Thermo C158
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2104 Tutorial CLG36
ME2109 Fluids C150
Thu 9-10
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Thermo A107
Thu 10-11
ME2111 Maths CG56
ME2109 Thermo A107
2,4,7,9,11
28/09/2015
10
What you need to have

and what to do ?
Course web page: Moodle
A lot of patience and time to learn
Attendance to lectures, tutorials and
design studio
Each week 1-2 hours work out of class for
good results
Group Notebook Will be marked
Individual note book Will be marked
28/09/2015
11
Recommended literature
Engineering Design Process, Yousef Haik, Tamer Shahin,
Cengage Learning Engineering 2011, ISBN-13: 9780495668169
Product Design and development, Ulrich, Eppinger,
McGraw Hill, 2003, ISBN 007-247146-8
The Mechanical Design Process, 3rd Edition, Ullman,

McGraw Hill, 2003, ISBN 007-112281-8
Mechanical Engineering Design, 7th edition, Shigley, Mischke, Budynas,
McGraw Hill, 2004, ISBN 007-252036-1
An Introduction to Mechanical Engineering, J Wickert,
Brooks/Cole Thomson learning, 2004, ISBN 0-534-39132-X
Fundamentals of Manufacturing for Engineers,
Waters, 1996, ISBN 1-85728-338-4
http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~ra600/intro.html
28/09/2015
12
The business process
28/09/2015
13
Phases of Engineering Design
28/09/2015
14
Design Models are descriptions of the sequence of

activities that takes place in the design process.
Design Models are often drawn in the form of flow
diagrams with feedback showing the iterative returns
to the earlier stages.
Design Models are classified as Descriptive or
Prescriptive models.
28/09/2015
15
Models
Design
28/09/2015
16
28/09/2015
Design
Models
The Pahl and Beitz design

model represents the design
process in four main phases
Clarification of the task involves the collection of

information about the problem in a solution neutral
form
Conceptual design phase involves the

establishment of function structures, the search for
suitable solution principles and their combinations
into solution variants.
At the embodiment phase the designer starting

from the concept determines the layout and forms
and develops a technical product or system.
At the detail design phase the arrangement, form,

dimensions, and surface properties are finally laid
down, materials specified, the economical
feasibility rechecked and all the drawings and
other production documents are produced.
17
Engineering Design Process
28/09/2015
Design structured
problem solving
activity
Process
phenomenon of
making changes to
achieve a required
result
Design Process
cyclic continuous
activity
18
Models
Design
28/09/2015
19
The Engineering Design Process

Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Phase 5
Product
Design Process Timing

All projects
have time
constraints
An adequate
planning
leads to a
satisfactory
project finish
28/09/2015
21
Customer (Examiner) Satisfaction
28/09/2015
22
Who makes costs?
Management
company policy
Marketing & Sales
link to customers
Development team
links:
-customers dream
-technology
changes
-techno-economical
feasibility
Production/Purchas
rationalisation in
production
When costs occur?

Technical change:
$1 in the task clarification
stage
$10 during designing
$100 at production planning
$1000 during production
$10000 after shipping
Rule of Ten
Later changes are
made
more expensive
they get
Biggest impact on
costs:
During
Planning and
Development
phases
It does not make
sense to reduce
R&D personnel in
order to reduce
total costs
Philosophy of Designing in general
Governing everything could be seen in one overriding

principle of Necessity
Principle of Necessity dictates that the form always perfectly fits function in
nature, with no insufficiency or redundancy; it compels every force to expand itself
in the most direct way available for it; it prescribes that the simplest design to
achieve a given end will be followed; and it must be respected by any human
contriver of artificial things.
Necessity is the mistress and teacher of nature;

necessity is the theme and inventor of nature,
the curb, the rule and the theme.
The universal architecture of Necessity is geometry
From Martin
28/09/2015
Kemps book Leonardo
25
Teamwork and Personality

Preferences
Working in Teams
Today, most new products, systems and
processes are produced by teams
Teams bring together INDIVIDUALS with
different strengths to generate a better
product
Individually created items tend to be from a
past era
Most of products are multidisciplinary
28/09/2015
26
Concrete
Influence of activity styles

Doer
Better
results
in
design
Thinker
Better
results
in
research
Active
Decider
28/09/2015
Abstract
Reflective
Dreame
r
27
Teamwork and Personality

Preferences
Personality Preferences important for success

MBTI-Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator
Provides a measure of your preferences along
four dimensions
Personality preferences influence problem-solving
approaches
Teams that are diverse in terms of personality
preferences are often more effective
Tasks:
28/09/2015
See MBTI self-score and explanation sheet

Fill in MBTI for yourself
28
Question 1: Where do you prefer to focus your
attention or recharge?
Extraversion - E
Attuned to external
environment
Prefer talking
Breadth of interest
Tend to speak first,
reflect later
Sociable and expressive
Introversion - I
Attuned to internal
environment
Prefer writing, listening
Depth of interest
Think before speaking
Private and contained
Question 2:
Sensing - S
Focus on details
Value practical
applications
Factual and concrete
Present-oriented
Like step-by-step
Trust experience
How do you take in data,

find out about things?
iNtuition - N
Focus on big picture

Value imaginative insight
Abstract and theoretical
Future-oriented
Jump around, leap in
anywhere
Trust inspirations
Question 3: How do you make decisions?
Thinking - T
Analytical
Logical problemsolvers
Strive for objective
truth
Reasonable and fair
Feeling - F
Sympathetic
Assess impact on people
Strive for harmony
Compassionate and
accepting
Question 4:
Judging - J
Scheduled
Organized
Systematic
Like to plan
Avoid last-minute stress
How do you orient to

the outside world?
Perceiving - P
Spontaneous
Open-ended
Casual
Adaptable
Energized by last-minute
pressures
ISTJ
(16.5% )
ISFJ
(4.6% )
INFJ
(2.7% )
INTJ
(9.5% )
Stop working so hard!
Stop worrying about

everyone!
Stop staring off into

space!
Stop being so
stubborn!
Projects get done when

we pay attention to
facts and to what needs
to happen now. Play
comes later.
Each team member

matters. Attention to
each person's needs
and wants helps us
function well.
Thinking about the

future and its
implications for our
team is vital to team
productivity.
A team's vision that's

well thought out is worth
fighting for!
ISTP
(6.2% )
ISFP
(2.6% )
INFP
(3.9% )
Stop wearing your

Stop feeling hurt!
heart on your sleeve!
Caring for our
Precision and accuracy
Exploring our deeply
teammates displays our
of information allows our
held beliefs and values
humanity and can
team to produce good
keeps this team on the
translate into increased
work.
right path.
team involvement.
Stop nit-picking!
ESTP
(4.2% )
Stop being so blunt!

Sometimes this team
needs a jolt to get it
back to work.
ESTJ
(12.7% )
ESFP
(2.3% )
Stop playing!
(3.7% )
Stop changing your

mind!
Life should be lived;

This team needs to
work should be enjoyed.
explore all the options
Happy people are
as it gets down to work.
productive people.
ESFJ
(3.5% )
Stop driving things so

hard!
Stop socializing!
Some tough work needs

to be done right now.
Friends and
relationships keep
people committed and
loyal to the team.
28/09/2015
ENFP
Personality preferences for students
ENFJ
(2.1% )
Stop talking!
INTP
(8.5% )
Stop being so
theoretical!
Teams need to develop
models and carefully
analyze concepts
before they can begin
effective work.
ENTP
(7.4% )
Stop generating new

actions!
Entrepreneurial teams
keep business coming
in.
ENTJ
(9.4% )
Stop trying to manage

us!
Knowing each team

member well is one of Someone needs to take
the things that holds
charge.
this team together.
33
Krebshirsh, S., 1992, MBTI Team Building Program: Leaders
Ahmed
Kovacevic, City University London
Resource Guide
, Consulting Pschologists Press, Inc.
Assignment
Can you identify your personality preference
We need to make teams.

From ME1 and ME2 -> 4 teams
From ME3 and ME4 -> 4 teams
28/09/2015
34

Mechanical Analysis and Design

Transféré par

Informations du document

Description originale:

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Mechanical Analysis and Design

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Mechanical Analysis and Design

Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London

Plan for today

Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London

What is DESIGN in Engineering?

Engineering Design Process is:

Team iterative work

Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London

Engineering & Mechanical Design

Mechanical design process

Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London

Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London

Plan for this academic year

Three elements of the module:

Prof Ahmed Kovacevic

Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London

Plan for this academic year

Management of Engineering design process

Prof Ahmed Kovacevic

Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London

Agenda Web Page

Ahmed Kovacevic, City University London

Additional tutorial rota

ME2109 Tut 1/1 1st hour

ME2109 Structures CLG36

AE2203 Tutorial C322

ME2109 Thermo C158

ME2111 Maths CG56

ME2109 Tut 1/1 2nd hour

ME2109 Thermo C158

ME2111 Maths CG56

ME2109 Structures CLG36

ME2104 Tutorial C322

ME2109 Tut 2/1 1st hour

ME2111 Maths CG56

ME2109 Thermo C158

ME2109 Mechatronics C322

ME2109 Fluids C150

ME2109 Tut 2/1 2nd hour

ME2109 Mechatronics C322

ME2109 Fluids C150

ME2111 Maths CG56

ME2109 Thermo C158

ME2109 Tut 1/1 1st hour

AE2203 Tutorial C322

ME2109 Structures CLG36

ME2109 Thermo C158

ME2111 Maths CG56

ME2109 Tut 1/1 2nd hour

ME2109 Thermo C158

ME2111 Maths CG56

ME2104 Tutorial C322

ME2109 Structures CLG36

ME2109 Tut 2/1 1st hour

ME2111 Maths CG56

ME2109 Thermo C158

ME2109 Fluids C150

ME2109 Mechatronics C322

ME2109 Tut 2/1 2nd hour

ME2109 Fluids C150

ME2109 Mechatronics C322

ME2111 Maths CG56

ME2109 Thermo C158