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183
Ci ci (x)
====
i = 1, 2, . . . , n
(k)
yP
x; c1 (x), c2 (x), . . . , cn (x) .
(k)
D ( ) d( )/dx.
D ( ) d( )/dz, then
x n D n () = D ( D 1)( D 2) ( D n+1)(), n = positive integer.
Letting x = ez or z = ln x, x >0,
Problems
Complementary Solutions
4.1
( D 3 2 D 2 + D 2) y = 0
ANS
4.2
( D 3 + D 2 + 9 D + 9) y = 0
ANS
4.3
( D 3 + D 2 D 1) y = 0
4.4
( D 3 + 8) y = 0
ANS
4.5
( D 3 8) y = 0
ANS
4.6
( D 4 + 4) y = 0
4.7
( D 4 + 18 D 2 + 81) y = 0
4.8
( D 4 4 D 2 + 16) y = 0
ANS
yC = e
3x
ANS
yC = ex A cos( 3x) + B sin( 3x) + Ce2x
yC = ex A cos( 3x) + B sin( 3x) + Ce2x
ANS
ANS
3x
184
4.9
4.10
ANS
ANS
( D 4 2 D 3 +2 D 2 2 D +1) y = 0
( D 4 5 D 3 + 5 D 2 + 5 D 6) y = 0
yC = C1 ex + C2 ex + C3 e2x + C4 e3x
ANS
4.11
(D 5 6D 4 + 9D 3) y = 0
4.12
( D 6 64) y = 0
ANS yC = C1 e2x + C2 e2x
+ ex A1 cos( 3x) + B1 sin( 3x) + ex A2 cos( 3x) + B2 sin( 3x)
4.14
4.15
( D 2 2 D + 2) y = (x + ex ) sin x
4.16
( D 2 + 4) y = sinh x sin 2x
4.17
( D 2 + 2 D + 2) y = cosh x sin x
4.18
( D 3 + D ) y = sin x + x cos x
4.19
( D 3 2 D 2 + 4 D 8) y = e2x sin 2x + 2x 2
4.20
( D 3 4 D 2 + 3 D ) y = x 2 + x e2x
4.21
( D 4 + D 2 ) y = 7x 3 cos x
4.22
( D 4 + 5 D 2 + 4) y = sin x cos 2x
Particular Solutions
D -Operator Method
ANS
4.23
( D 5 3 D 3 + 1) y = 9e2x
4.24
( D 1)3 y = 48x ex
ANS
yP = 2x 4 ex
4.25
( D 3 3 D ) y = 9x 2
ANS
yP = x 3 2x
4.26
(D 5 + 4D 3) y = 7 + x
4.27
( D 2 D 2) y = 36x e2x
4.28
( D 4 + 16) y = 64 cos 2x
4.29
( D 4 + 4 D 2 1) y = 44 sin 3x
ANS
yP = e2x
yP =
ANS
ANS
1 3
96 x (28+x)
yP = 2 cos 2x
ANS
yP = sin 3x
Problems
185
4.30
( D 3 + D 2 + 5 D + 5) y = 5 cos 2x
4.31
( D 2 + 3 D + 5) y = 5ex sin 2x
4.32
( D 4 1) y = 4ex
4.33
( D 2 + 4) y = 8 sin2 x
4.34
( D 3 D 2 + D 1) y = 4 sin x
4.35
( D 4 D 2 ) y = 2ex
ANS
ANS
ANS
yP = 2 sin 2x + cos 2x
yP = x ex
ANS
yP = 1 x sin 2x
ANS
ANS
yP = x (cos x sin x)
yP = x ex
General Solutions
4.36
ANS
4.37
ANS
ANS
4.38
( D 2 + 4) y = 4 sin 2x
4.39
ANS
4.40
y + y = 2 sin x 3 cos 2x
4.41
y y = ex (10 + x 2 )
4.42
ANS
4.43
ANS
4.44
ANS
4.45
ANS
4.46
ANS
4.47
ANS
ANS
ANS
186
4.48
ANS
4.49
ANS
4.50
ANS
4.51
ANS
4.52
ANS
4.53
ANS
y y = x 1 2x 3
4.55
y y =
4.56
y 2 y + y =
4.57
y + 3 y + 2 y = sin ex
4.58
y 3 y + 2 y = sin ex
4.59
y + y = sec3 x
4.60
1
y y = 1e2x 2
4.61
y y = e2x sin ex
4.62
y + 2 y + y = 15ex x +1
4.63
y + 4 y = 2 tan x
ANS
1
sinh x
y = C1 ex + C2 ex x 1
ANS
ANS
ex
x
y = C1 ex +C2 ex x ex + sinh x ln1e2x
y = C0 + C1 x + x lnx ex
ANS
ANS
ANS
ANS
ANS
ANS
1e2x
y = A cos 2x + B sin 2x + sin 2x lncos x x cos 2x
4.64
y 2 y + y =
4.65
y + y =
e2x
(ex + 1)2
1
1 + ex
ANS
ANS
Problems
187
ANS
4.68
ANS
4.69
ANS
4.70
ANS
(x 2 D 2 x D + 1) y = ln x
ANS
5
x 2 y + 3x y + 5 y = 2 ln x
x
1
y=x
A cos(2 ln x) + B sin(2 ln x) + x 2 25 + ln x
(x 3 D 3 + 2x 2 D 2 x D + 1) y = 9x 2 ln x
yC = C1 x 1 + (C2 + C3 ln x)x + (3 ln x 7)x 2
(x 2)2 D 2 3(x 2) D + 4 y = x
yC = (x 2)2 C0 +C1 lnx 2 +x 32
x 3 y + 3x 2 y + x y y = x 2
3
x 2
1
ln x + B sin
ln x +
y = C x + A cos
2
2
7
x
232
On the record paper, the distance d between two adjacent peaks is measured in
length, which needs to be changed to time to yield the period T of the response.
Since the drum rotates at a speed of v rpm, i.e., it rotates an angle of 2v in 60
seconds, hence the time T it takes to rotate an angle , as shown in the gure, is
given by
30
T
= T =
=
.
60
2v
v
Furthermore, since d = r, which is the arc length corresponding to angle , one
has
30d
30 d
=
.
T=
v r
rv
The frequency of vibration of tip D is
f =
1
rv
=
.
T
30d
Since the steady-state response and the excitation have the same frequency, one
obtains
2 rv
.
= 2f =
15d
Problems
5.1 A circular cylinder of radius r and mass m is supported by a spring of stiffness
k and partially submerges in a liquid of density . Suppose that, during vibration,
the cylinder does not completely submerge in the liquid. Set up the equation
of motion of the cylinder for the oscillation about the equilibrium position and
determine the period of the oscillation.
%
m
2
m
y
+
(k
+
r
)
y
=
0,
T
=
2
NS
A
k + r 2
m
y, y, y
Problems
233
5.2 A cylinder of radius r, height h, and mass m oats with its axis vertical in a
liquid of density as shown in the following gure.
Equilibrium
Position
Liquid Level
2
ANS m x + r x = 0, T = r ; x(t) = x0 cos 0 t, 0 = r m
5.3 A cube of mass m is immersed in a liquid as shown. The length of each side
of the cube is L. At time t = 0, the top surface of the cube is leveled with the surface
of the liquid due to buoyancy. The cube is lifted by a constant force F. Show that
the time T when the bottom surface is leveled with the liquid surface is given by
(
L
mg
cos1 1
.
T=
g
F
F
F
t =0
y, y, y
t =T
L
Time t
L
234
5.4 A mass m is dropped with zero initial velocity from a height of h above a
spring of stiffness k as shown in the following gure. Determine the maximum
compression of the spring and the duration between the time when the mass contacts the spring and the time when the spring reaches maximum compression.
%
%
%
mg
mg
mg
m
1 mg
ANS ymax = k 2h+ k + k , T = k 2 + tan
2hk
m
h
5.5 A uniform chain of length L with mass density per unit length is laid on a
rough horizontal table with an initial hang of length l, i.e., y = l at t = 0 as shown
in the following gure. The coefcients of static and kinetic friction between the
chain and the surface have the same value . The chain is released from rest at time
t = 0 and it starts sliding off the table if (1+)l >L. Show that the time T it
takes for the chain to leave the table is
(
L
L
1
cosh
.
T=
(1+)g
(1+)l L
Ly
y, y, y
y(t)
5.6 A uniform chain of length L with mass density per unit length is laid on a
smooth inclined surface with y = 0 at t = 0 as shown in the following gure. The
chain is released from rest at time t = 0. Show that the time T it takes for the chain
to leave the surface is
(
1
L
cosh1
.
T=
(1 sin )g
sin
Problems
235
Ly
y(t)
y, y, y
5.7 A uniform chain of length L with mass density per unit length is hung on a
small smooth pulley with y(t) = l when t = 0, l >L/2, as shown in the Figure 5.27.
The chain is released from rest at time t = 0. Show that the time T it takes for the
chain to leave the pulley is
(
L
L
cosh1
.
T=
2g
2l L
k1
A
a
y, y, y
L y(t)
b
k2
y(t)
B
L
r
Figure 5.28
Figure 5.27
2
T = 2
2
3
3
4
m 25 r 2 +L2
k1 a2 +k2 b2 +mg L
236
k
A
mC
B
L
L
c
Fsint
c
A
L
B
m
C
L
D
L
F sint
Problems
237
K1
M
c1
c2
1. Show that the equation of motion governing the displacement of the mass M
is given by
x + 2 0 x + 02 x = sin t + cos t,
where
%
0 =
K1 +K2
,
M
2 0 =
c1 +c2
,
M
aK1
,
M
ac1
.
M
ANS
(02 2 )2 + (2 0 )2
5.12 The single degree-of-freedom system shown in the following gure is subjected to dynamic force F(t) = F0 sin t .
x(t)
F(t)
k
c
1. Set up the equation of motion in terms of x(t) and determine the damped
natural circular frequency.
2. Determine the steady-state response of the system xP (t).
(
c2
2k
ANS m x + c x + 2k x = F0 sin t, d = m 1 8km
F0 (2k m2 ) sin t c cos t
xP (t) =
(2k m2 )2 +c 2 2
238
5.13 The single degree-of-freedom system shown in the following gure is subjected to dynamic displacement x0 (t) = a sin t at point A.
x(t)
k1
m
k2
A x0 (t)=a sint
ANS
ANS
k = 8.97 kN/m
x(t)
k2
m
F(t)=F0 sint
1. Show that the differential equation governing the displacement of the mass
x(t) is
(
k1 k2
k2
, f =
F .
x + 02 x = f sin t, 0 =
m(k1 +k2 )
m(k1 +k2 ) 0
Problems
239
f
ANS 2. = 0 : x(t) = 2 2 sin 0 t + sin t ;
0
0
3. = 0 : x(t) =
f
sin
t
+
t
cos
t
0
0
0
202
y
M
K
c
y0(x)
U
y0
x
O
1. Show that the equation of motion governing the relative displacement of the
vehicle given by z(t) = y(t)y0 (t) is
%
K
c
2
2 2
z + 2 0 z + 0 z = U sin(U t), 0 =
, 2 0 = .
M
M
2. Determine the amplitude of the steady-state response z(t), which is a particular solution of the equation of motion.
3. Assuming that the damping coefcient c = 0, determine the speed U at which
resonance occurs.
%
2 U 2
1 K
; U=
ANS
M
(2 2 U 2 )2 + (2 U )2
0
5.17 The landing gear of an airplane as shown in Figure 5.8 can be modeled as a
mass connected to the airplane by a spring of stiffness K and a damper of damping
coefcient c. A spring of stiffness k is used to model the forces on the tires. The
airplane lands at time t = 0 with x = 0 and moves at a constant speed U on a
wavy surface with prole y0 (x) = sin x. Assuming that the airplane moves in
240
the horizontal direction only, determine the steady-state response of the absolute
displacement y(t) of the mass m.
ANS
k sin(U t )
y(t) =
,
(K +k m2 U 2 )2 + (c U )2
= tan1
c U
K +k m2 U 2
5.18 In Section 5.1, it is derived that the equation of motion of a single story
shear building under the base excitation x0 (t) is given by
m y (t) + c y (t) + k y = m x 0 (t),
or
y (t) + 2 0 y (t) + 02 y = x 0 (t),
where
02 =
k
,
m
2 0 =
c
,
m
and y(t) = x(t)x0 (t) is the relative displacement between the girder and the base.
Rigid girder
x(t)
m
k
Weightless columns
c
x0(t) =a sint
For x0 (t) = a sin t, determine the Dynamic Magnication Factor (DMF) dened as
y (t)
P
max ,
DMF =
x (t)
0
max
where yP (t) is the steady-state response of the relative displacement or the particular solution due to the base excitation. Plot DMF versus the frequency ratio
r = /0 for = 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3.
ANS
DMF =
r2
(1r 2 )2
+ (2 r)2
r=
0
ANS
Problems
241
x(t)
F(t) (kN)
1
F(t)
10
t (sec)
5.20 The following gure shows the conguration of a displacement meter used
for measuring the vibration of the structure that the meter is mounted on. The
structure undergoes vertical displacement a0 sin t and excites the mass-springdamper system of the displacement meter. The displacement of the mass is recorded
on the rotating drum. It is known that m = 1 kg, k = 1000 N/m, c = 5 N sec/m,
and the steady-state record on the rotating drum shows a sinusoidal function with
frequency of 5 Hz and peak-to-peak amplitude of 50 mm. Determine the amplitude
a0 and the frequency f = /(2) of the displacement of the structure.
ANS
a0 = 4.0 mm,
f = 5 Hz
c
m
2a
k
a0 sint
5.21 For the circuit shown in Figure 5.29(a), the switch has been at position a for
a long time prior to t = 0 . At t = 0, the switch is moved to position b. Determine
ANS
5.22 For the circuit shown in Figure 5.29(b), the switch has been at position a for
a long time prior to t = 0 . At t = 0, the switch is moved to position b. Show that
the differential equation governing vC (t) for t >0 is
d2 vC
1
R dvC
V (t)
+
vC =
,
+
2
dt
L dt
LC
LC
vC (0+ ) = RI0 ,
dvC (0+ )
= 0.
dt
1
For R = 6 , C = 25
F, L = 1 H, I0 = 1 A, V (t) = 39 sin 2t (V), determine vC (t)
for t >0.
ANS
242
0.02 F
2H
14
t=0
12 V
b
a
t=0
I0
vC
2
V(t)
6
4A
(a)
t=0
(b)
R1
R2
C1
t=0
t=0
R1
V(t)
vC
C2
R2
I(t)
vC
V0
(c)
(d)
Figure 5.29
Second-order circuits.
5.23 For the circuit shown in Figure 5.29(c), show that the differential equation
governing vC (t) for t >0 is
R1 C1 R2 C2
d2 v C
dv
dV (t)
,
+ (R1 C1 +R1 C2 +R2 C2 ) C + vC = R1 C1
2
dt
dt
dt
ANS
5.24 For the circuit shown in Figure 5.29(d), show that the differential equation
governing vC (t) for t >0 is
R +R2 dvC
V +R2 I(t)
d2 vC
1
+
vC = 0
,
+ 1
2
dt
L
dt
LC
LC
vC (0+ ) = V0 ,
dvC (0+ )
= 0.
dt
ANS
Problems
243
5.25 Consider column AB clamped at the base and pin-supported at the top by
an elastic spring of stiffness k. Show that the buckling equation for the column is
kL3
tan(L) (L) + (L)3 = 0,
EI
2 =
P
.
EI
P
k
B
EI, L
x
5.26 Consider the beam-column shown in the following gure. Determine the
lateral deection y(x).
!
"
1 x sin x
x2
w Lx
P
ANS y(x) = P 6 1 L2 + 2 L sin L , 2 = EI .
w(x)= x w
L
P
EI, L
y
problems
291
0, t < a,
1, t >a,
t < a,
0,
f (t) H(t a) H(t b) = f (t), a< t < b,
0,
t >b,
0,
t < a,
f (t) H(t a) =
f (t), t >a.
The Dirac delta function (t a) is a mathematical idealization of impulse
functions. It is useful in modeling impulse functions, such as concentrated or
point loads.
Applying the Laplace transform to an nth-order linear differential equation
with constant coefcients
an y (n) (t) + an1 y (n1) (t) + + a1 y (t) + a0 y(t) = f (t)
)
*
converts it into a linear algebraic equation for Y(s) = L y(t) , which can
easily be solved. The solution of the differential equation can be obtained by
)
*
determining the inverse Laplace transform y(t) = L 1 Y(s) .
The method of Laplace transform is preferable and advantageous in solving
linear ordinary differential equations with the right-hand side functions f (t)
involving the Heaviside step function and the Dirac delta function.
Problems
Evaluate the Laplace transform of the following functions.
244s +5s3
s4
4s
6
F(s) = 2 2
s +4 s +25
4s +23
ANS F(s) = s2 +4s +13
ANS F(s) =
6.1
f (t) = 4t 3 2t 2 + 5
6.2
6.3
ANS
292
ANS F(s) =
6.4
6.5
f (t) = 3t cos 2t + t 2 et
6.6
6.7
6.8
f (t) =
6.9
6.10
6.11
6.12
f (t) =
ANS F(s) =
t < ,
0,
3(s2 4)
2
+
(s2 +4)2
(s 1)3
s2 +4
10(3s2 25) 6
+
+ 4
(s2 4)2
(s2 +25)3
s
7(s +5)
72
F(s) =
+
2
2
(s +5) +4 s (s 16)
ANS F(s) =
ANS
e s
ANS F(s) = s2 +1
sin t, t >.
t < 1,
0,
3s
24
+
s2 36 s2 9
4t 2 +3t 8, t >1.
0,
t < 1,
0,
t >2.
sin t,
t < ,
f (t) =
4 sin 3t, t >.
2t,
0< t < 2,
2 + t, 2< t < 4,
f (t) =
0,
t >10.
ANS F(s) = es
ANS F(s) =
8
s3
11
1
s2
s
ANS F(s) =
ANS F(s) =
e s (11s2 +3)
1
6.13
f (t) = t 3 (t 2) + 3 cos 5t (t )
6.14
f (t)
a
t
2T
3T
ANS
a
F(s) =
s
1+2
1
n=1
n nT s
(1) e
4T
5T
Problems
293
6.16
f (t)
a
t
0
ANS
2T
3T
4T
5T
3T
4T
5T
a
a 1 (n+1)T s
F(s) = 2
e
Ts
s
n=0
6.17
f (t)
a sin t
T
t
0
ANS F(s) =
2T
1
aT
enT s
T 2 s2 + 2
n=0
6.18
f (t)
I
I
T
5T
3T
4T
2T
I
ANS F(s) = I
(1)n enT s
n=0
3s2 +2s 1
ANS f (t) = 3(t) + 32e3t 15e2t
s2 5s +6
30
F(s) = 2
ANS f (t) = 3 sin t + sinh 3t
(s +1)(s2 9)
13s
F(s) = 2
ANS f (t) = cos 3t + cosh 2t
(s 4)(s2 +9)
40s
F(s) =
ANS f (t) = 10e3t 16e2t + 5et + e3t
(s +1)(s +2)(s2 9)
F(s) =
294
6.26
6.27
6.28
6.29
2
ANS f (t) = 2 cos t + t 2 2
s3 (s2 +1)
s
F(s) =
ANS f (t) = (t 2 +t +1)e2t et
(s +1)(s +2)3
8
t
t
F(s) =
NS f (t) = e (2t +3)e +2 cos t 2 sin t
A
2
2
(s 1)(s +1) (s +1)
162
F(s) = 3 2
ANS f (t) = 9t 2 2 + 2 cosh 3t
s (s 9)
F(s) =
Evaluate the inverse Laplace transform of the following functions using convolution
integral.
6.30
Y(s) =
6.31
Y(s) =
6.32
Y(s) =
6.33
Y(s) =
6.34
Y(s) =
6.35
Y(s) =
1
s(s2 +a2 )2
1
s2 (s2 +a2 )2
4
2
s(s +4s +4)
16
3
2
s (s +4s +4)
6
2
s(s +4s +3)
5
2
s(s +4s +5)
1
(22 cos at at sin at)
2a4
1
y(t) = 5 (2at +at cos at 3 sin at)
2a
ANS
y(t) =
ANS
ANS
ANS
ANS
ANS
ANS
y(0) = 1, y (0) = 1
y + 4 y + 3 y = 60 cos 3t,
6.37
6.38
y y 2 y = 2t 2 + 1,
ANS
6.39
ANS
6.40
ANS
6.41
ANS
ANS
y(0) = 6, y (0) = 2
y(0) = 1, y (0) = 4
y(0) = 1, y (0) = 2
y(0) = 1, y (0) = 1
Problems
6.42
ANS
6.43
ANS
6.44
ANS
6.45
ANS
6.46
ANS
6.47
ANS
6.48
ANS
6.49
ANS
6.50
ANS
6.51
ANS
6.52
295
y(0) = 1, y (0) = 1
y(0) = 6, y (0) = 0
y(0) = 1, y (0) = 2
ANS
6.53
ANS
6.54
6.55
ANS
296
a
EI, L
ANS
W
P
y
W (L a) sin (L a)
W 1 cos (L a)
,
W1 =
,
W0 =
3 EI
2 EI
W
W (1 cos L)
W0 ,
y (0) = 1 ,
y(0) = 1
sin L
sin L
W (x a) sin (x a) H(x a)
1 cos x
y(x) = y(0) +
.
y (0) +
3 EI
2
For the single degree-of-freedom system shown in Figure 6.6, determine the forced
vibration response xForced (t) due to the externally applied load f (t) shown. The
system is assumed to be underdamped, i.e., 0< < 1.
f (t)
6.56
f0
t
0
ANS
xForced (t) =
f0
1 (t) 1 (t T)H(t T)
m
f (t)
6.57
f0
t
0
ANS
xForced (t) =
2T
3T
f0
(t) 2 (t T)H(t T)
mT 2
2 (t 2T)H(t 2T) + 2 (t 3T)H(t 3T)
f (t)
6.58
f0
t
0
ANS
2T
3T
4T
5T
f0 1
xForced (t) =
1 (t 2nT)H(t 2nT)
m
n=0
1 t (2n+1)T H t (2n+1)T
Problems
297
f (t)
6.59
f0
t
0
ANS
6.60
xForced (t) =
f0
mT
2T
3T
4T
5T
1
2 (t)2
2 t (2n1)T H t (2n1)T
n=1
2 (t 2nT)H(t 2nT)
For the circuit shown in Figure 6.9(a), the current source I(t) is
I(t) = I0 H(t) + I1 (t)H(t).
i(0+ ) =
R2
i
I(t)
R1
C1
Figure 6.9
Electric circuits.
(a)
6.61
V(t)
C2
(b)
For the circuit shown in Figure 6.9(b), the voltage source V (t) is
V (t) = V0 H(t) + V1 (t)H(t).
298
i(0 ) = 0,
V (0+ )V0
di(0+ )
=
,
dt
L
"
!
1 dV (0+ ) V (0+ )V0
d2 i(0+ )
.
=
dt 2
L
dt
RC2
1
For R = 8 , C1 = 41 F, C2 = 20
F, L = 5 H, V (t) = 10 H(t)+10e2t H(t) (V),
ANS
6.62 Determine the deection of a beam pinned at both ends under a uniformly
distributed load as shown.
w
EI, L
a
b
ANS
(x
b)
H(x
b)
,
1
3
3
4EI 4
0 2 (L)2 0 (L)
2 2 (L)+4 4 0 0 (L)
(0)
=
,
y
,
22 (L)+4 4 02 (L)
22 (L)+4 4 02 (L)
w
w
(L
a)
(L
b)
,
(L
a)
(L
b)
.
0 =
3
3
2
1
1
4EI 4
EI
y (0) =
6.63 Determine the deection of a beam clamped at both ends under a concentrated load as shown.
W
EI, L
a
ANS
0 (x a)H(x a),
y(x) = y (0) 1 (x) + y (0) 0 (x) + W
y (0) =
0 1 (L) 1 0 (L)
,
12 (L) 0 (L)2 (L)
0 (L a),
0 = W
y (0) =
=
W
1 1 (L) 0 2 (L)
,
12 (L) 0 (L)2 (L)
1 (L a).
1 = W
W
EI
Problems
299
6.64 Determine the deection of a free-clamped beam under a triangularly distributed load as shown.
w
EI, L
a
b
y
ANS
#
(x a)2 (x a) H(x a)
$
(x a)2 (x b)(ba)3 (x b) H(x b) ,
w =
w
,
4(ba)EI 4
0 3 (L) 1 2 (L)
1 3 (L) + 4 4 0 0 (L)
(0)
=
,
,
y
32 (L) + 4 4 0 (L)2 (L)
32 (L) + 4 4 0 (L)2 (L)
0 = w 2 (L b) 2 (L a) + (b a)3 (L b) ,
1 = w 3 (L b) 3 (L a) 4 4 (b a)0 (L b) .
y(0) =
w
EI, L
a
ANS
)
y(x) = y(0) 3 (x) + y (0) 1 (x) w x a 2 (x) + a 3 (x)
*
w
w =
,
(x a) 2 (x a) H(x a) ,
4aEI 4
1 3 (L)+4 4 0 0 (L)
0 2 (L)1 1 (L)
,
y
,
(0)
=
1 (L)3 (L)+4 4 0 (L)1 (L)
1 (L)3 (L)+4 4 0 (L)1 (L)
0 = w 2 (L) + a 3 (L) + 2 (L a) ,
1 = w 3 (L) 4a 4 0 (L) + 3 (L a) .
y(0) =