GraduateSchoolforBuilding&UrbanDesign

D31VRValueandRiskManagement
Session#3 : Value and Function (continued)

Getting Value for Money from

construction projects through design

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Concept of FA and the construction project

Client
Organisational
issues

Design
development

Concept
Spaces
Elements

soft problems
project level
definition & scoping
Analysis of concept

Strategic Value drivers

Technical product functions

Components
Building
Structure
issues

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hard problems
original VE approach
units of constructionsystems, materials..
Analysis of product

Function analysis of window

FA applied at an elemental level (Value Engineering approach)

Transmit light
Control Ventilation
Secures space
Attenuates sound
Retains heat
Excludes weather
Minimise condensation
Pleases aesthetically
Facilitates outlook

Displays interior
Resists glare
Attenuates solar-gain
Resists wind-load
Facilitates cleaning
Contain fire
Facilitates escape
Resists vandalism
Resists blast

How to sort these?

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Sort of functions pairs comparison

Application at technical level
(VE) e.g Internal partitions
Identify functions
and weight their importance

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Sort of functions weighting & scoring

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Pairs comparison application at strategic level

See K, M and G
Ch 8.5

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Function Logic diagram

The Function Logic diagram, also known as FAST
diagram (Function Analysis System Technique) is a
development of FA introduced in the 1960s
Function Logic diagram provides a diagrammatic
representation of the functions of an object under
study (system, element, component, product, concept)
Function Logic diagram aids in viewing a problem
objectively
There is no correct FAST model for a particular
problem under study- only a valid one for project
team.
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Function Logic and problem structuring

Function Logic diagram introduces logical dependency
and hierarchy into Function Analysis
Advantages:
Aids in identifying the BASIC function (prime task)
Breaks a large complex problem into manageable individual
problems
Stimulates in-depth thinking
Communicates aspects of a problem in broad easily
understood process

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Benefits of Function Logic diagramming

FAST diagramming is an art rather than a science- but

when properly applied, its an art that reveals, as nothing
else, ways to improve value because through logic it
stimulates imagination and creativity
- J E. Ferguson
American Value Specialist

FAST [Function Logic] is a thinking process, you

can throw the diagram away
- C. Bythaway

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Function Logic diagram briefing stage

Project investment of
Resource to transport users
across the river

See K, M & G

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Small group exercise Value and function

Defining Value and function of a motor car a fixed asset

with significant capital and operational costs
As a small group, identify your functional requirements for
investment in a car (express as concisely as possible)
Prioritise these functions from most important to least important.
Consider each item on the list and make sure it is a function and not
a solution.
Are there any other ways to satisfy your functional requirements?

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Small group exercise Value and function

A number of issues are likely to be highlighted through this exercise.
No two groups are likely to have the same list of functional
requirements
Individuals within groups are likely to have different ideas about
desirable functions.
A car is a technical solution which fulfils a number of functions
Achievement of some functions are more tangible (and measurable)
than others
Value is a relative concept
Achieving group consensus is not always easy

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Assessment Hotel Development project

What are the issues?
Strategic Definition

Client value drivers

Measures of project success
End users / stakeholders
Possible functional spaces
Project constraints

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Reading and self-study

See last week slide for core reading
VMandVEAdiscussionofValue,FunctionandCostFunctionAnalysis

1. Whatarethedimensionsofclientvaluesystemtobeconsideredbyaclientat
theoutsetofaproject?

2. Whatarethemostcostsignificantelementsofabuildingprojectanddothey
varyfrombuildingtypetobuildingtype(ReviewtheBCISCostAnalysesfor
this)

3. ReviewthefunctionlogicdiagramoftheHillsideParkcasestudy(pp111118
ofK,M&Gtext).Iftheprojectwastoconstructanewacademicbuildingwitha
missiontoCreateafocalpointforteachingandresearchexcellencetodeliver
worldclassstudentexperiencewhatwouldtheFASTdiagramlooklike?

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