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with the difficult inflections in tliem and in the Septuagint and New Testament; designed for the use of Schools and the under-graduate course of
a Collegiate Education. Second Edition.

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BY THE REV. JOHN GROVES.
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In the arrangement of this work the alphabetical method has been adopted,
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is placed its form of declension or conjugation, together with any
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future or perfect of any dialect peculiar to certain verbs, &c. Next is placed
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NOVUM LEXICON GRiECUM

ETYMOLOGICUM ET REALE;
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AUCTORE
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eech action and, era to its proper quarter in the store-house of memory.
Noting it with some distinctive mark by which it may easily be recognized
and enabling the possessor to recal it with facility, in the freshness and vigour
of an accurate and well-defined conception, to illustrate an argument, refute
;

a sophism, or enliven a conversation.

By Teachers, and Masters of Schools, upon whose

tioo

and recollection there

much
Parents who

be adopted with

is

sources of informa-

necessarily a continued drain, the system

satisfaction,

and an

infinite saving of

may

time and trouble

superintend the education of their children, may lay

the foundation of a strong and well-cultivated mind, by early subjecting
them to a mnemonical discipline, which combines pleasure with advantage,
whilst

and the retention of useful knowledge with increased

ing

facilities

of obtain-

it.

' The design

of this very ingenious

Work

is

to assist the

memory

in the study of His-

tory and Chronology, on a principle far more calculated to effect that great desideratum
than any other system of Mnemonics extant. The Tablets are explained very Intelligibry,
and amongst the Medallions there are several excellent portraits. Both the engravings
and letter-press are highly creditable to the Publishers' taste and spirit." Siiwtiey Times.

" The author

has evinced a degree of industry and research calculated to give consider-

able eclat to bis work, which

finely executed, and combines, in a remarkable deform an important addition to the works provided for
the education of youth."
Times. " The illustrations are at once clear and abundant, and we may safely pronounce this
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hitherto come under our notice. The author has rendered his work as practically useful
as possible, and we recommend it as an assistant to parental or scholastic instruction.
Maturer students may likewise benefit not a little by a judicious application of it principles." Z,o</a Review.

gree, elegance with ntility.

is

very

It will

London: published by George Cowie and Co. 31, Poultry; Robbins ^nd
Wheeler, Booksellers to Winchester College; Bancks, Sowler, and Clarke,
Manchester} and G. & J. Robinson, Liverpool.

CLAVIS HOMERICA

LEXICON
OF ALL THE WORDS WHICH OCCUR IN

THE

ILIAD:

THAXSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL, WITH COHRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS.

By

JOHN WAI.KER,

Ca

A. B.

^"^
THmD-EittTION.

LONDON
WHITTAKER, TREACHER, AND
AVE-MARIA LANE

CO.,

AND JOHN GUMMING, LOWER ORMOND-QUAY, DUBLIN.

1S29.

ii

</

r^^^'

ADVERTISEMENT.

J.

HE Lexicon of Schrevelius and the Clavis Ilomerica have been long

used in the Classical Schools of this kingdom, as the two interpreters of

But the peculiar

Homer.

facility of reference afforded to the

dent, by the Clavis, appears to have obtained for

though

its

deficiencies

and

errors are

young Stu-

a general preference,

it

numerous, many words being either

vholly omitted, or most imperfectly interpreted.

The
new

general adoption of this

Work

suggested to the Publisher, that a

Edition, under an English form, with corrections of any material errors

that occurred in the original,

was a

The

desirable object.

Translator has,

accordingly, attempted to present, in the following pages, the substance of

the Clavis Homerica, making such alterations as he considered absolutely

essential.

The system

cation, of loading the

so generally adopted in the

memories of boys with

Greek branch of edu-

fanciful,

and frequently

false,

deductions of words from remote roots, appears to him to be attended with

injurious consequences, \vhich are generally overlooked.

It

must be acknowledged by the most prejudiced etymologist, that

words are often represented as branches of the same

one

root,

which have no natural

tree,

relation whatsoever to

proceeding from

it,

but have been

engrafted on the one stem by the ingenious imagination of old

rians.

This leads young students

to the original

to

formation of languages

Gramma-

form most erroneous ideas in regard

;

of the signification of words themselves.

and often induces

false conceptions

ADVERTISEMENT.

iv

The Translator has

not, however, yielded to his

rejecting such derivations

him

to

the

own judgment, by

urgumentum ad verecundiam has compelled

drop the pruning knife, when he found such an authority as the

learned

Damn

Though

countenancing their existence.

inaccuracies

may

occur in the present Translation,

that they are not of such a nature as can embarrass

Student

and

that the insertion of the

in the Original,

may

obtain for

it

it is

hoped

the progress of the

numerous words which were omitted

a preference to the Latin Editions.

!fii?

KEY TO HOMER,

,,

ILIAD
.

This poem

is

so

the contest between the Grecians

count of the rape of Helen.
it is

A'.

named, because the subject of

and Trojans, at Ilium, on ac-

a. i. e.frst book ; for the twenty-four books of the Iliad, as also of

the Odyssey, assume their titles from the twenty-four Greek letters.
a connected series of verses, particularly heroic.
1. f.
to sew together, to place together or in order,
Th.

,
,

'^, , ,,

and

ijg,

[This poem

,
^)

y, a skilful solemnization, a song set to music,

is

designated

scattered and unconnected parts,

it

from

because, consisting at

was reduced

to

first

one form by

of

those;

who on the stage used to recite the Iliad,

(hence styled
robed in red on account of the slaughter of the Trojans and the
Odyssey, attired in azure vestments on account of the wanderings of
;

Ulysses by sea.]
Pisistratus is said to have been the first who presented, in a connected form, the previously-detached parts of this poem, which Lycurgus is stated, by Plutarch, to have brought from Asia into Greece.
t), lasting wrath. Th.
to remain firm
or
to entertain deep and permanent wrath, a. 247,
1. f.
hence
422.
769. . 178.
hence in prose writers, per
1. f.
to sing ; a poetic verb
Dor. clcov so generally the Aor. 1.
Crasin, ^cw, whose Imp.
to know ; because this word
Th. a, intens. and
>]. Dor.

,,, ,,
, .,
.

, ,

' ,-

applied principally to poets, to whom the knowledge of various

but
things is attributed. Of the same signification is
;
\iiv applies to musical instruments.
a goddess. Th.S-io^, a god, which comes from
1. f.
to behold %uith religious awe and admiration, to view ; or from
to run, because the planets, which revolve in a continued
is

, ,,

course, were styled deities by the ancients,

,,

-^

KEY TO HOMER.

^,

,
,
,,, ,
,
,
, ,,
and

eoc,

the son of

Myrmidons
Attic.
Hence

father of Achilles, king of the

in

Ionic

is

that in

17)\,

and hence the

,
,.,
, ,

husband of Thetis, and

The

in Thessaly.

genitive

the patronymic

by interposing a, fona
always coalesces
with the ,) the son of Peleus. Another form of this patronymic is
6'
188, 197, &c.
, the son of Peleus and Thetis, grandson of
iEacus. On account of the origin of the name, it is written
the lip.
being formed from a, intens, and
Gen.
which also is the Ionic form for
sing. Ion. for
6,

ov, Ion.

poets,

(ivhere, in scanning, the

,.
,

/>;/,

aor. 2. mid.
I.

",

i),

aor. 2. mid.

ov, destroying, pernicious;

and

of

to lose,

'

1.

perf.

f.

todestroij, to ruin

22.
b, who, which, ichat

and hence

frequently

Ion. for

Att.

is

id.

/it,

used

for stoq,

also

he,

, , ,
', , ,
'
", , ,,
,
,
, ,
,
,,
,,
,,

59.

lai,
very many,
cent on the antepenultimate,

innumerable

infinite,

lai la,

; but with the acthousand, (a deterindeterminate signi-

ten

mination of number unknown to Homer.) The

fication occurs also in the singular number,
copi<}us,
Th.
immense.
tofiow with noise.
a general name of all the Grecians, but more frequently, however, the appellation of the nobles
chiefs of the GreIn
are properly the Peloponnesians in
cians.
530, the
contradistinction to those Grecians living outside Peloponnesus. The
part of Greece beyond Peloponnesus was called
pain, woe, grief: hence
f.
1.

'.

Th.

snffer pain.

to be earnest,

aor. 1. of

f.

/,

or solicitous.

1.

to place, to cause,

p.

to effect.

many, takes its cases from the ancient

exBut the poets somecept the Nom, and Ace. sing. masc. and neut.
and also inflect
times use
reg-ularly, as Gen.
jN'om. pi.
4.
&c. Vid.

and adversative,

At, Conj. though sometimes discretive

,,

^,, ,

tive it signifies towards.

from

It is frequently

theless, truly.

Th.

used

Th.

a nerve, strength,) and

,,

the breath.

,,

*,

priv.

,
,,
i^i,

most

to

an accusa-

adv. bravely, (which

, ,

the mind,

is

as if

by Syncope, and changing into i, is formed

cool by breathf.
breath, spirit, soul ; Th.
breathe, for the lungs and heart are kept constantly cool by

,,

ing, to

Subjoined

to connect.

ov, brave, resolute;

tc,

for dr).

it is

however, never-

but, for, and, then, therefore,

frequently connective

and Idov,
f.

with violence

for

,^,
a,

aor. 2. of
to

send with injury

to throve to

a distance,

a\pev, 3 sing. aor. 1. iudic.

Orcus, Tartarus, darkness; Th. a,

see.
:

to

hurl

being added.

to

send prematurely

\.',

send,

, , ,, ,
ILIAD

god, one who

A'.

?,)

and, by Apocope,
hero, a demiin valour as to be esteemed a god.
Its

(Xcc.

so excelled others

etymology is the same with

virtue, valoiir, viz. ij
a vow, a prayer
others deduce it from
ipa,
the earth, because
such Avere terrestrial deities.
, self, the same: a pronoun, compounded of av, also,
and 6, or , he uho, being inserted for euphony.
s, TO, prey, booty : Th.
id. wliich is from

,
,

,, ,
,
,

'. ,
f.

for

to form, to

,,

',

aor. 2. mid.

,
, ,

to take.

make,

Gen.

to frame

3 sing, imperf.

Ion.

by Syncope,
&c. \vhich
Dat. pi. poetically
Th.
to kiss, to love, because a dog fawns upon, and is, as Eustathius says,
(piko^ta7roToc,fotid of his master. Homer applies it also as an epithet
to a person void of shame, . 356, &c.
, 6, a bird of augury, an omen, augury; and because crows
and eagles were the most usual birds of augury, hence it denotes any
a dog

or;/,

takes place in the other cases

large carnivorous bird

Att. Ion.

and, an enclitic particle

Frequently

et.

all,

',

from

,,

it is

every, whole.

Ion. and Poet, for

,,

for

which

, /',

,;,

because he gives

to live,

an end, an issue
3 sing. imp. pass.

^which

f.

is

and Dor. Zav,

to accomplish,

from

to

,,

, will, decree, design, sometimes a council,

Th. jSetoXa, praet. mid. oi

a metaphor taken from archers
hence
:

(which

scil.

is

and

to

),

/},

who, &c.

the place

throw or cast
to wish,

most frequently omitted \vhen

is
from what time 1
Gen.

",

referred to the signification of time,)

to fulfil.

determine, trf-

,
,, , , ,
,

mark ;

sing, of

-?,

life to all.

to decree.

for

repeated has the force of the Latin

in which they meet.

at a

-~

forbade.

an expletive.

Gen. Atoc,

Jupiter,

Th.

to think, to

and JEol.

,,,
,
, ,

Th.

before a vowel,

before a consonant.

Conj. or Adv. truly, indeed, certainly, also, now, for, yteverthemust be variously expressed in reference to the context. The
which position never occurs in prose writers.
poets frequently prefix

less,

verbially

i.

e.

first,

, ov, first,

superl. from the prep,

^/,

before.

if to

', ,

, ,,
to

contend

aor. 1. part. act. in thfe dual

6, the

,
taken ad-

for

Th.

Th. Sid

3. du. aor.

contention

son of Pelops and Hippodamia, father of Aga-

memnon and Menelaus.

patronymic

-^, '^,

'. , ,

place asunder ;

2. ind. act.

f.

for

to distinguish, to separate, to disagree

f.

as

in the beginning,

contraction of

a, priv. and
to fear.
Hence the
the son of Atreus, and sometimes

Th.

KEY TO HOMER.

,,

is

,
to

properly a divine appellation, and

is

attributed

,',,

or
Th.
above, and
comes to us from the gods hence it

Jupiter and the other gods.

,,

a remedy : because all relief

;
nifies, a chief, a king, and also a master of a family, (thus
servants and masters, Odyss. p.) its feminine,
to rule, to govern.
a queen, a mistress hence
and
to rush with force, to
formed by some from
cause a king excels others.]
and
, a man, a hero, a noble ; Th.
From
is formed avdpia,
7ivov, tofnish, to perfect.
:

,
,
,,
,
,,

,, , ,

lav, contracted for

Gen. of Ztvg,
Gen.

An

,,

indefinite

',

is

be-

imperf.

and

divine,

sjming from Jove; Th.

vid. 1, 5.

(with the acut^ accent,) who? ichatl of what

interrogative, to be carefully distinguished from the

(with the grave accent)

or thing, one, certain, each, some.

T'

i^

manliness, fortitude.

conj. and, also, even, or.

kind or sort

j^ass,

,, ,

^,

sig-

by apostrophe

for re

thing,

any one

",

then, at length,for, truly, accordingly.

according to the context

sotne one or

It

Conj. or Adv. therefore,

must be variously resolved,

"

joined to a conditional particle, or a doubta conjectural connexion, perhaps.

ful interrogation, it expresses

an interrogation, and inquires whether any connexion

the adverb, the
to connect. In place of
subsists, pray 1 Th.
poets sometimes write ap' and pa, cutting off the final or initial a.
Nom. and Ace.
for which the poets sometimes use
du. of 8, of himself, herself, itself. The natural genitive is so, which
and from which also
is Attically contracted into e, Ion. into
Homer never employs the Attic contraction , to
is used lonically.
avoid ambiguity, that this pronoun may be distinguished from the
and the other case,
tbv, his, &ic.
possessive , from
&c. them.
have also the same signification as
\^id. 1 6.
'Epidi, Dat. sing, of
which Ion. for
an irregular
Att. for
circumflexed,

is

,,

,,

,,

.
,
, , ,

^,

,
,
,
,
,

aor. 1. o(

from

engage,

to

fut. 1.

ut variance, also to understand,

182.

to

bring together,

Th.

and

'lij/xc,

to set

which

is

to send.

it borrows its tenses from

to fight
a combat, a battle.
Latona, the mother of Apollo and Diana ; alleto lie hid, to conceal.
gorically, the night, from
to rain, because he is the joy of his
son; Th.
8, ,
The Attic form is
<r
parents, as rain delights the earth.
Also
or
is Ionic for
of which the Dat. plur.
f.

,,
6, , ,

hence

Genit.

tchich,

&c. a

and by Syncope

TO, the

what

as an article,

,,,

' , ' '., ,',

. ,, .
,,
, ,,

he,

she,

he or she who
it is

ut, are

it

this,

that

that ^vhich

son.

the one,

besides

its

wL,
proper meaning

the other

and

frequently used for

abbreviations of

flow regularly from the old nominative

The

other cases

,
,
,
,,

,
then

Conj. /.

support,

,
,
.
,
.

, ,

and

Dat. sing. Ion. for

propitious.

,,.

to

f.

Th.

enrage.

anger.

a,

A'.

It sometimes appears to be an expletive, but even

some preceding ellipsis.
and
tj, a prop, a
, a king, a chief ; Th.
, the jieopie; or from /3, to walk, and

refers to

it

ILIAD

of an animal,

6, the gall

Th. 10

a distance, a plague, a pestilence, Ion. for

,
, , ,,
,
,,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, , ,
,,
,
, , ,,
,
,
,,
,
,
,
",
,
,
.,
,
,
,.
vr) or

',

and
governing an Ace.

or vb, an inseparable negative particle,

through, in, into,

to,

safe, smind.

on, upon, idth,

governing a Dat.

s,

an army encamped, an army, (whether for land or

to lead an army; 'ih.
or
f.

sea-service,) hence

to spread, to cover,

",

to raise or

to excite,

air up;

..

1.

f.

sing. aor. 1.

from

and fearful as if
from, because all wish to avoid

bv, evil, pernicious, inactive

to yield, to
fly, to retire

evil.

id. q.

2. to destroy;

1.

to j^erish,

to die:

3 plur. imp. pass.

S, 0, the people; Th.
by Crassis,
b, Genit.
a stone; because the poets feign that, after the deluge, the earth
was rejjeopled by Deucalion and Pyrrha throwing stones behind them.
for

',

for

Th.

to

dishonour, to treat Kith dis-

',

and
id.
to honour; Th.
b, an intercessor, a higli-priest ; Th.
prayer, an imprecation, a calamity, a bane; Th.
to
prayers being offered with uplifted hands ; or
to
cause we are said to please the gods with prayers.
;

a, priv.

come
mid.

to go, to

Sync,
from

praet.

f.

,,

raise,

please, be'

and by 12

aor. 2.

1.

a
from

and Att.

as

if

.
,
,
,'
',
,
,, vb, ,
,, ,
, ,//,
, bv, swift, strenuous, brave,

494. Th.

to

run.

,
,
,, ', , ,
Prep.

to.

, a ship
' Th.

vab,
or

Ace. vavv, Poet,

Also the obsolete nominative

Ion.

to

and

Genit.
f.

swim.

id.

to loose, to free, to release ;

1.

f.

1. part,

mid.

a daughter ; Th. .3,

and by Sync,
rusk
to conceive, to bring forth ; because the fewith violence, and
male sex arrive at the age of puberty sooner than the male.
to bear, to

bring

as

if

from

ov,

as

fut.

as

aor. 2.

aor. 1.

11

gold.

aor. 1.

1.

f.

respect

Th.

because, since.

Chryses

b,

if

praet. pass.

bv Metath.

for

if from
from

'

)-/' aor.

praet. act. caret

praet.

mid. Att,

1.

unbounded,

b2

infinite,

KEY TO HOMER.

6
immense

Th.

a, priv.

and

or

limit.

, ,,

a boundary, a

,
',

"Attolvov, ov, to, the price of ransom, or the price of atonement,

is paid to avoid punishment
Th. a, priv. and
},
atonement for the commission of murder or, according to Eustathius,

,, ,,
which

as

which are

the gifts

if

atone for murder.

14

offered,

,
to

a crown, a icooUen fillet, with, which the heads of

were bound or adorned ; Th. rl^iw, f.
to bind, to croun.
N. B. Fillets were also used by suppliants, prueferimus munibus
rittas, Virg. AZn. vii. 237.
et vittii comtos voluit prcetendere ramos,
.En. VIII. 128. supplice vittu, Hor. Od. iii. 14, 8.
to have, to hold, also
serve as a defence, . 264. f. 1
and
imperf.
praet.
aor. 2.
&c. as if from

priests

,, , , ,
.,
,, , , ,

Prep, governing the Dat. in, at, xcith, among, nigh, &c.
and
poet,
poet,
Dat. pi.
the hand.
Sometimes it signifies the arm from the shoulder to
the extremity of the fingers.
Th.
8, , ) r},far-darti7ig ; an epithet of Apollo
to cast. priEt. mid.
far, and /3)}, ij^,
a throw, a cast ; Th.
used only in derivatives.
His epi6, Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona.
thets are
vid. a. 75.
vid. voc. praec.
vid. a. 43, &:c.
vid. 8. 101.
vid. a. 37.
[Th.
f.
to destroy ; as Apollo killed the serpent Python, i. e. the sun dispels vapours
or and th
because he preserves men from evil by healing their

,
3,
', ,

.,

7]\,

diseases.]

15

pypoo,

^,

,,
,

S, b,
golden; Th.
,
[All things held in high estimation, and employed in honour of the gods, are styled golden by Homer. But the
priest of Apollo carries
because gold is consecrated to the sun, as silver is to the moon, iron to Mars, &.c. according

or

ta,

,
,

,,

by Crasis

a, To, gold.

to Eustathius.
,

a stick,

a sceptre; Th.

lean upon.

to entreat as

a suppliant,

imperf. mid.

16

, ,
>}],
, ',
,
;

supplicate;

,,
to

,
f.

1.

to

3 sing,

chiefiy, principally ; Adv. of the superlative degree, from

more ; formed of
a
much, whose comparative is
particle of affirmation, and
an intensitive particle.
Dat.
fern,
poetically for
Gen. dvolv and
indeclinaand
jEoI.
The poet constantly uses
ble
two.
464. poetically for
c. 7, and
236.

.,

, ,
^.
,
,
,
,

^
,
,.

cvo.

f.

1.

to

a ruler, leader, general, prince

Th.

array, to draw up in array ; which is

an accurate arranging, (hence it becomes a military term.
set in order,

to

ILIAD

,
,, ,

when an army
praise

properly drawn in ranks,) order, discipiine, ornament,

is

also, the world.

A'.

17
icell-greaved : Ho(by a poetic diaeresis
Xner here uses it, by Synecdoche, for
icell-armed ; Th.
ivell, and
a boot or greave, which is from
y, the leg from the knee to the f^ot.
Genit.
Dat. pi.
Ion. afv, you.
18

,
,.

Mev, Conj.

other, another.,

,. ,
iCoc, 6

, ,^,

truly, indeed.

1.

aor. 2.

which

pi. aor. 2. opt. for

,,

,)

?'/,

ic)

to

give

Th.

,
,

id.

Boeot. and yEoI.

,
,

a, ov, celestial ; Th.'OXujLt^og, and Ion.

s,
a very high mountain of Thessaly and Macedon, whose
tops tower above the clouds, and hence it was assigned as a habitation
for the gods, from which it also signifies heaven.
The name may be
considered as fonned by Syncope, and ^Eol. from
(Th.
entire, and
to shine,) because there the air is ahvays

Olympus

o,

,, ,

Others derive

clear.

it

from

'

and

, , ,)
,

times,

Th.

(for Avhich we meet someby Crasis for do

by Apocope, the indeclinable
u dwelling, habitation, house ;
id.
to build, to erect, which is from

because

'

to lay waste, to destroy,

by Metathesis

splendid, because

, ,
,
, ,,, ,

the heavens are bright with the stars.

cities

f.

aor. 2.

1.

id.
Th.
from
\vhich are laid waste are usually set on

for

aor. 1. inf. act.

to

19

burn,

fire.

a, 6, Priam, son of Laomedon, father of Paris, and last

king of Troy.
His name had been
6, but when Hercules took Troy, the royal youth was made captive, and ransomed by
his sister Hesione.
from
After this he was called
to

,,,
,

purchase,

Th.

and

,,

a city, built and fortified

to be, to live, or dwell,

,
.
,
,
,
, ^,

because

because

men

contains a multitude.

it

,,

Adv. well, happily, honourably, prosperously

Adv. homeward ; Th.
and

general

name

2.

tenses from

its

whose

mid.

',
'.

for a habitation or receptacle,

takes

infinitive is

also,

inhabit

it

Th.

or

siai^;

^,
good.

s, 6, a house, the

from

to hold, to have.

to go, to arrive

hence aor.

20
a son or daughter, a sei-vant.
are used
the Genit.
is an
all which are Ionic forms
',
Attic form for
but is generally used as a more forcible expression than the simple pronoun.

,,
,
,

, ^,
-,
to*,

am ;

for

,
,
'
,
,
,
, ,
,
,

for

a boy or girl,

y),

Pron. /; Th.

to

ov, dear, beloved

Comparat.

Th.

drink;

as

if

Superl.

which is from
because banquets produce love and
to love,

to kiss,

friendship.

-^-

to receive, to accept,

pi.

f.

1.

imperat. pres. mid.

perf.

perf. pass

,,,
, ,,'

KEY TO HOMER.

", and

21

reapect

whom we

him

yield to

"'

22

to fear

',
to

23

hence

f.

words of good omen

s,

Th.

rence.

avert the eyes

pres. inf. mid.

' for

,^ ,

hold in admiration, to respect,

, by

iv

, , ,,
Tf,

and

,-

Th.

, and

shame, respect, revefrom

see; because shame compels one to

to
and
whence the proverb,

a, priv.

Th.

we

since

praiseworthy.

1),

diud

I.

to retire;

approbation, to approve, to praise

to reverence, to venerate, to

to blush

to venerate, to icorship, to

here, there, then.

to express

to speak well of, to titter

speak

mid. Th.

respect or fear.

Adv.

for

^v(|ikoJ,

with reverence,

part. pres.

apostrophe, becomes ', and, on account of

the following tispirated vowel,

'
\,

3"'.

hence I'speia,
Ace. Ion. for
sacred, holy ;
from
an exclamation in hymns and prayers, chiefly to Apollo, and
to
from which the Latins borrowed their lo ; and i?) is from
ivish, to desire, for the desire of what is favourable is expressed by this
Adverb.

,
Th.

a priest

6,

and

y, a priestess,

to sacrifice;

,, , ,,
,
,
, ,

a, bv, noble, splendid, beautiful, illustrious,

irom ay

by Metathesis

admire, to honour, to approve

an ornament, also a statue,

144.

vid. ante,

perf. inf. pass, of

for

24

to

Hence

vehemently.
i,

Th.

adorn.

to

Con'], but

is

it

frequently used as a

word

20.

1.

of encourage-

ment, vid. a, 32.

Ov, a negative particle, not, used before a consonant, but /c before
a smooth vowel, and
before an aspirate.
He pos6, king of Mycenre in Peloponnesus.
sessed an hereditary kingdom, and the genealogy of liis house is thus
104. 109.
described in

Pelops, son of Tantalus.

,

Atreus.

Thyestes.

.J^

Agamemnon, Menelaus.

yEgistlms.

,
,

,
,
'^
,
^,,
,
,
,
, ,
Orestes.

The name may be

derived from

remain firm
denoting

to

for

or,

very,

,,, ,,,, -'

as from

from
&C.

takes

its

Hence

this

other tenses from

aor. 2t

',

same as
and /;

one to be admired

labour of the Trojan war.

please, a poetic fonn, by Paragoge, from

his perseverance in the

to

and

according to Plato, from

for

;^,

7),

),

formed
from
from
by Syncope,
form has only the present and imperfect it
is

f.

1.

2Eo\.

to delight, to satiate

evadov

aor. 1,

f.

2.

ILIAD

perf.

mid.

for

which

A'.

^,

Also

poetically.

f.

satiate, to satisfy.

,,

,,

1.

the mind, soul, pleasure, wish, the spirit, life, bcc. pro-

mind enraged ; or, according to the Stoics, opyj)

to rush ivith force, to hasten.
Th.
same as
rising anger.
Vid. a, 342, where this etjnnology is exemplified.
25
bad, evil.
Th.
reproachfully, abusively, from
perly, a

,
,
,, '.

^,

^,

,
,

io yield.

,
,
f.

same

if

from

1.

to dismiss

Th.

as

,)

/;,

to

send

',

rior, to conquer.

determine

f.

for

which

(as

to enjoin, to

order.

Th.

to

appoint, to

3 sing, imperf. The separation of the Prep.

occurs by Tmesis, (for the sake of the metre,) which

,
,
,, ,
,,
,
.
,,,
,
^, ,
,
,
,
and

Homer

a, ov, hard, severe, vehement, threatening.

Th.
to hold dominion, to be supepower, strength ; hence

,,
iTTi

',

, , ,

used.

is

3 sing. imp. for apiee, from

f.

frequently adopts.
signifies primarily thought, counsel, design, in the
8,

mind
Th.
;

hence word, speech, expression; sometimes command, mandate.

up, to

to shut

Ad.

Mi/,

, , .-

close.

not, lest.

an

old

man

Vocat.

from
because old

the earth ; as if
Th.
To, old age.
or, according to others,
look downwards being bent by age
because they are solicitous about their burial.
:

26

men

ov, hollow ; an epithet of large ships which have great

stowage, and signifies therefore not only hollow, but also capacious
scabbard for a sword
jcoiXyand
lience
pi.

f.

,,

Dat.

Ion. for

' ,,

with a Dative.
vid. ante, 1. 12.
Ion. from
f.
tofiml, to apprehend ; poetically
from
same as
441, and
be near at hand to,
at, near,

Dat.

pi.

',

,
'
",

go,

and

or

ta

te

to take, to receive.

27

"H, Conj. or.

^, ,
' .. ,
Adv.

Jii'v,

to delay, to tarry.

id.

710W.

which

is

from

Particip. of

to

, ,,
Adv.

dr/v, id.

Toi, Dor. for

f.

io avail;

go

Ace. sing.

certainly, nevertheless, rather, therefore

and sometimes used

.

long,

Adv. afterwards, hereafter from '"7, later, as if

Th.
Adv. back, backwards, again, afterwards. Th. av,
and
but more frequently for
occurs sometimes for

here, there.

"Sv,

Th.

ace. sing. part. pres.

for

hence

,
1.

r)

for

it is

an

enclitic,

truly, as in this passage.

Dat. sing, of
ic be a remedy against
useful assistance.

evil, to

Th.

bear

as$ista7ice,

to afford

for


10

,
,
,
.,, , , .
,
KEY TO HOMER.

nse,

to

whence

help;

afford advantage, from ^.vhich,

Dor.

29

and
formed

ov, useful,

by omitting

v, is

to

and

and, by Metathesis,

Adv.

Th.
an

before, before that.

before.

used sometimes also for

&c.
vlv has the
same signification, in the Doric dialect, and is sometimes used in
place of the Dative.
Mil', for

is

enclitic,

the plural number, signifying himself, herself,

,,, ,

itself,

old age.
Th.
the earth, whence the adearthen: because old age resembles the earth in colour,
and becomes allied to it in dea,th ; or because in the ancient world

jective

,",

, ,, ^,
-

nothing was esteemed more honourable than old age

one excelling in dignity, and
of honour.
to come upon, to invade

,',
, ,, ,
",
3 sing. pres.

30

a, ov, our

for

from

poetically, in

and

from

,
;

hence
reward as a mark

Nom.

toga.

pi. of

so vvvi for vvv.

a district of Peloponnesus, from which the whole

of Peloponnesus frequently assumes its name, (as r)
v/as properly the district over which Peleus ruled, and from which afterwards
the whole of Greece lying between Macedonia and Peloponnesus received

its

memnon

appellation)

It is styled

., .

try,

and famous

signification,

,-,,
,,

..

7]\,

,;

id.

ones native comitry ; Ion. for

from
Sync,
which, according to the grammarians, is
as

to sow,

if

',.

the mast of a ship,

iceb

tlireads of the

According

itself

web

.
,
,,
to

are

to Eustathius,

reference to the gods,

,' ,,
men,

'^, , ,
hence the

Th.

at a distance, far from.

to preserve, in

reference to

31

,by ,

from
from

was Mycenfe, where Aga-

for

Adv.

for

^,

principal city

its

because it Avas a flat coungood horses. This name, in its most extensive
whence the Grecians are called
denotes all Greece

reigned.

from

made

852. a
for a

by the

firm

ro

tveaver's shuttle

mast

is

elevated,

it

is

in

reed,

and the

shuttle.

rush against, to conduct, to run over or through

so

" percurrit pectine telas," to run through a xveb with the reed, Virg,
G. I. 294. from
to go, to set out ; which borrows its tenses
from
perf.
but Att.
being changed into
Ace. sing. f. part. pres.
01', mine; from
Gen. sing, of
place, to settle, to make one lie
a bed; Th.
down;
to lie, to be in bed ; hence
s,
a w'//e, where
a has the same signification as
or ojuS.

,,

,,

, , ,. ,
,
to

f.

administer
to be

32

meet,

Particip.

present at,

to

but poetically,

2. Th.

", pres. imper. of

oppose, to take care of,

to go.

to

enjoy, to

ILIAD

,(),

'(9<*>,
Th.

contention

also the goddess of contention,

(),

(),

,",
,(,

used

for the positive.

A'.

from

l.tffw, to irritate, to excite to wrath;

f.

ov, id.

safe

contracted into

is

. 3.

Compar.
whence

11
id.

here

formed

is

with the grave accent, thus.

Conj. and Adv. that
Ke, a
Particle, denoting sometimes the potential av, or having the signification of
truly ;
is the same as the Latin iit sane.
f.
to move, to heap up, to wind up, to swim,
and
to go,
and
in this latter sense may be formed from
id.)
to return; in j3. 84. to depart.
Ion. for vty, 2 pers. sing,
subj. mid.
formed from
to speak, to say, to affirm ; sometimes
33
think;
37.
yap oy'
for he thought that he would take,
&c. The middle
is not used ; but from it are formed the imp.
:

',

<,

',

'. 6, ,
,

,. ' ,
,
,,,, ,-,
,,
,
,, , ,, ,
,
,
, , , ^,
and 2

aor.

to

fear ;

obey

pursue,
persuade

to

I.

f.

to

signifies,

to be persuaded, hence
In the preterite middle

Bij, for

3 sing. aor. 2. of
but this from
to go,

to

it

, persuasion, obedience.

believe, to tinist;

from

for

poetically

to fly, to fear.

3 sing, imperf. ind. mid.

m.

perf.

poetically

also

Th.

for

perf.

1.

f.

poetically

which borrows

its

other tenses

34

to depart.

and

silent, not opening the mouth to

a participial form from
for which also it
'Akjjv, Adv. without opening the mouth, silently.
to gape ;
hemg changed lonically into .

It is derived in

speak.

used adverbially.
Th. a, priv. and

is

Prep, by, along.

or

i^

properly a heap of sand lying on the .<^

to strike, because the sea shoie i->
>

Th.

shore, the shore itself.

11,
\,
,,
,
,
,
.
" ,

beaten by the waves.

a,

and

rage

making a great

),

s, b,

oio. Ion. for 8.

,
,

), the sea

but

salt.

noise,

Th.

,,

Some deduce

it

for

Adv.

,
,,.

without.

same

is

used in

,,

all

loj

or

to

to

ov, old; from

Superl.

for ov,

'

to

by Pleonasm of the
the sea, as if

wheti, since.

Th.

frorn

to boil,

from

it

being prefixed, aor. 2.

come,

pray for

y, prayer, imprecation

(,

Th.

,
,,

pray,

at a distance

to go, to

moods.

tract, for

Tor

then, afterwards

ajyart,

,
,
id.

>;,

from

were

loud-sounding

Th.

the noise of the sea;

evil to

any

to imprecate; Th.
3 sing, imperf. con-

one,

for

an old man; Compar.

whom.

a, 6 i^

r),

poissised of beautiful hair

by a poetic

diaeresis.

3-3

,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

12

from

care of, or
2 aor. of

',

,,
to

its

to

Dor.

for

V, having a silver boic

a,

and

white,')

from

its fut.

, ,

from
how; Th.

stretch oat.

is

,,

id.

/i<8.

(Th.

.
,

bring forth, which borrows

from the obsolete

imper. pres. from

fut.

hear

to

a head of hair, which

adorn.

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,^,
, , , ,,
for

', and

37

,
,
,
,
and

ev, well,

to take

to

a city in Phrygia Minor, where Apollo was particu-

larly worshipped.

go round or about,

to

and

about,

38

,,
,,
^,
and

from

go.

Apollo.
cle,

to protect;
to

a small Trojan town, built by Pelops in ho,) near to which was a temple of

Cilia,

nour of his charioteer,

surround,

to

perf.

fut.

very divine, illustrious; from

God.
and Ion.

, ,.

an intens. parti-

an island sacred to Apollo.

a nerve, in which the strength of
the body principally lies ; hence strength, power.
39
6, an epithet of Apollo, given by emigrants from
Crete, who, by the advice of an oracle, had settled in Troas, where
they were harassed by innumerable swarms of mice, called, in the
Cretan dialect,
Apollo, being invoked, listened to the prayers
of the supplicants, and destroyed the injurious vermin ; grateful for
which relief, the inhabitants raised a temple and a statue to Sminthean
Apollo, and placed at the foot of the statue the figure of a mouse.
if at any time.
for
Ace.
agreeable, grateful
sing. m. (or rather Ace. pi. m. taken adverbially for
agreeably, gratefully:) Th.
favour, benevolence ; hence
to gratify, to oblige, to confer a benefit.
f. 1.

',

s,

oto,

powerfully from
,

,
,,

r).

'
.
,
,
,',,,, . ' ,
, ,
,,
, ,
,, . ,
,
",

',

s, 6, a temjyle

because

f.

the

first

^,)

Ion.

Att.

tv

called the house of God.

it is

to place

1.

roof,

cover; Th.

to

habitations being subterraneous

where

for

by Synecdoche,

the earth;

(Ion. for
used,

to cover over head, is

for to build, the roof being placed for the entire build-

ing of the temple.

40

"H, or, otherwise, whether, than, unless ;

poetically.
Ei drj
for
II
^ thfat: it is also applied to inanimate things, as
Compar.
in a wealthy or rich temple.
in
549. ivi

Superl.
8,

tog, TO, a part

body commences
f.

the thigh

or from

from

',

, , id.

to divide,

which is from
because the division of the

at the thighs.
1.

to

burn down,

to

consume by burning

from

ILIAD

13

A'.

'

to kindle, to burn ;
tKya, for
KuTiKya' tKya, aor. 1. Att.
ov, 6, a bull ;
(i.e. Tt'ivuv,^
Ts
par, 41
because this animal when engaged in fight stretches out its tail.
'Hif, Conj. and.
Ax'i, aiyoQ, /, a she goat ; sometimes
yog, 6, a he goat, used in
the Attic fonn, according to Eustathius Th.
to bound forward
to rush, as if it were first
and then, by Synaeresis,

, ,
,
,

to accomplish,

aor. 1. tKpgva'

.
^,
,
,

to perfect,

hence

tion

the head,

',

,
,
, ,, ,
f.

,
:,

the

desire, vow, uish

to take.

1.

to suffer

honour *
Aavaoi,

mind

whose

101.

i.

1.

f.

aor. 1.

as

if

by the inclination of which we intimate an inten-

of granting a request.

^oKy

to fulfil:

to effect,

1.

f.

imper. Koyyi'ov, and infin. Kpijyvai,

from

,.'
, ,,
,

says Hesychius,

from

^,

.
,

punishment,

to expiate, to

is TfJ

to desire

Th.

42

atone for, to avenge,

aor. 1. ^i^ol. opt. for

, the Grecians
a tear

Th.

so called from

Danaus, king of Argos.

to bite, to sting

. ,

because,

when

sorely affected Avith grief, tears are shed.

is

you.
ov, your ; Th.
an arrow ; whatever is thrown to a
distance, according to Eustathius
who, however, asserts, that the
word properly denotes the head of an arrow, and hence, by Synecdoche,
the whole arrow.
Sometimes it signifies a wound, or the pain nrisirii^
from a wound ; and also, the pains of child birth, X. 269. Th.
Ion. for

from

tOQ, TO, a missile weapon,

to

throw, to cast, to strike

,
,,,,

", Conj. and Adv. thus,

Dat.

,,
,
' ^ . ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, ,,
,
,
, ,
to

and sometimes,

as, so, that

eliiptically,

pi. poet, for

and Attically

for

it is

how

irpbg, even to.

used for 43
In an

has the force of the Latin quum,

to pray, to offer up vows, to boast, to eiuU ;
from
because he who prays entreats for prosperity hence
a prayer, a vow,
ov, shining, splendid, clear, pure ; Th.
light : hence
, Phcebus, is an epithet of Apollo, (i. e. the
j5iov.
sun,) as he is
he descended ; 3 sing. 44
ck
by Tmes, and Metath. for

exclamation

it

fut.

, , ,^

aor. 2. ind. act. oi

ov, TO, the head, summit, top of a

Th.
i),

mountain vid.
167.
which Ion. ffapj;,
;

for

the head.

fut.

id.

,,,
,
',
or

for

,,

TO, (indeclinable) or

to

to

to

bile,

Th.

anger.

,
,

contracted form of
; for the heart

burn

fate, death

Fate gives

be ongry, to be disturbed in

,,

Th.

is

to

i.e.

by apostrophe

;*

th0heart

the source of vital heat.

pour

ov,

oflf.

Th.

But

/-

into cups, to give to

every one the cup which he must drink

for TO'ia,

mind

drink

the bow, or quiver,

45

,
;

KEY TO HOMER.

14
or

wiih the bow:

,,

it

,
,,
),
,,

c'ioj,

or

denotes also, (chiefly in the plural number,)

the art of archery. .Th.

ov, 6, the shoulder
to carry.

to stretch, to extend.

Odit.

-pi.

bv, raw,

Ion.
Th.
and Metaphorically, hard,

severe, cruel.

, covered all over, or completely

to cover ka Ion. for .

, ,
.
,, ^ , ,,,
icj

and

about, aroimd,

46

,
break

Th.

to bear,

1.

,,

'.
',

47

1.

,
,,

Gen.

Ion.

more,

to

',

change

id.

f.

1.

to

3 sing. perf. pass.

from

an arrow, shot

for

,
,

to

sing, part. aor. 1. pass.

Th.

, , ,
,,, , ',

an arrow, a iveapon ; hence

100. Th.
i. e.
to hear
from the bow, is borne swiftly through the air

shoot arrows,

and

mid.

perf.

sound, to clang, to cry out

any thing is broken, a noise is made

noise, to

when

as,

quiver

from

if

aor. 2.

make a

3 plur. aor.

as

1.

f.

to

to

wound

to

-, a

Ion.

rj,

or

;'

go

to

281.

mid.
whence
and Ion. ij'ia.
;
night; Th.
to prick, to sting: because
-darkness hurts the eyes
i. e.
to kill.
id. . 659.
to make like, is seldom used in any tenses but the perfect and
pluperfect middle
perf. mid.
and Att.
part,
like.
;
to

go

perf.

48

,
,
,
,
,

", ,

fut. 2.

from

to sit

to

make one

sit,

3 sing, imperf. mid.

Att. for
Gen. pi. of
a ship.
Prep, governing three cases.
With a Gen.

place;

place

to

it

to

settle,

to

signifies with,

along with, implying friendly alliance and union ; with a Dat. among,
between ; vnth an Ace. after, to, into, towards, among, ivith.
may here be taken adverbially to signify then, afterwards,
being
understood.

', ,

",,

an

0,

7, ,

,
,,
for

perf. ufcrt

49

arroiv

alone,

),

aor. 1.

r),

.',

same vid. . 437. . 422, &c.

(by Pleonasm,) aor. 1. of

But

to send.

',

to

bv, terrible, dreadful, grievous; Th.

which Hom.er sometimes uses lo,)fear.

,
,
,
,
,',,

send

fut. ?y<rw

, ,,

aor. 2. ''.

(for

a shrill noise, the cry of an eagle, a goose, or a crane,

the sound of a trumpet, the shout of soldiers advancing against an enemy
the whizzing of an arroic ; Th.
vid. 1. 46.
for
3 sing. ^or. 2. of
or
to be
fut.

iperi.

perf,

50

ka,

from

01',

from

mid.

silver

8,

7],

Ion. do,

life.

(Ion. for

),

aor.

\./,
bring
, , ,^

to beget, to

forth.

(contracted into

pyb, ,

,,
,) ,
,
b,

b, silver

Th.

a bow; Th.

and Ion.

-,
2.,

aor.

7],

of silver, made of

bv, white.

strength.

b, a

But

mule; Th.

,
,


ILIAD A\

,
,
,
(,

15

To, a mountain, because this animal is particularly adapted for

labour in mountainous countries.
There is also
a guard, from
id. K. 84.
signifies a boundary ; whence hOrizon.

go against,

to

',, ,
and

from

r),

to

attack;

to go.

sing. adr. 2. mid.

bv, swift, active, staunch, white, shining

ivork, labour, bcc.

Th.

a, intens.

,
,
,
^
, , ,)
,
^.

Avrap,

,:, ,

and hence

and
6

id.

icj

bitter,

',

send against, to throw

to

it is preceded by ol
Adv. apart, without;

and

deadly, destructive: from

bitterness, properly, the pitch tree,

and

when

arap, Conj. but, for:

; vid. ^. 144.

for

iTTsiOi), it signifies i/ie

whose sap

is

very bitter.
Part, from

to send.

(from
and, by Syncope,
52
iQaXov, to throw, to cast, to strike, to
besprinkle,
v.
501.
to
and by Epenthesis of i,
Adv. always hence atoioc, ov,
1.

f.

perf. pass. /3sXi//xat, aor. 2.

icound

, everlasting:

llv pa,

,,
,,

Th. a,

a funeral pile

.,

,,

intens.

and

to be.

h.7p,po,b,fire;

, -,
which

burn, or
id.
298. from
b, a dead body, a corpse ;
the heart,
dead, inanimate ; Th. v?) pricat. and
signifies also the manes of the dead, Od^. .290.

the obsolete

to

,
,

^, ,

a, bv, and
frequently, often, which

jiey'liireV.

Adv. during nine days ; from

which is sometimes used poetically for
These words may be traced to the same root as

,
,,

,
,,
or

to shine.

from

1.

44.

^. Adv.

) from

,, , ,
,

together.

ing, viz.

Th.

formed (by Pleonasm of the

is

,
,',

bv,

is

,,

letter

and

nine,

6, ,

53

y, a day.
the morn-

ov, TO, wood, the shaft of an arrow, the arrow itself; from

ov, Tb, dry wood

Th.

K\b, ,
<^,

burn.

to

from
ten. Th.
the number of the fingers, with which we grasp any thing
tenth,

,
,
,
,,

^., ,
',
, .,

bv, dry.
take,

Tg

scil.

an assembly -place, an assembly, a meeting

perf.

f.

,,

Dor.

f.

1.

and

,
for

beautiful

from

', , ov,fuU

Th.

3 sing. aor.

aor. 1. of

Th.

\'^id. ck, 1.

1.

2. ante.

mid. of

. ,,

, having white arms

, bv, white, and

for the

and, by Synecdoche,

, an arm: Th.
muscles of the arms, in well-formed bodies,

are full and close.

'Hjoa,

to order, to exhort.

the thinking principle; sometimes, the 55

Dat. pi. Hence
to be wise, to
because our volition and action are directed by

^,

,
;

the mind,

, ,,

the mind.

to collect, to assemble.

for

to call

parts about the heart

understand. Th.

//,

mid.

from 54

, , (.'/, ,)

Juno,

sister

and wife of Jupiter.

KEY TO HOMER.

16

-^,

56

regard for

to feel sorroic,

sometimes,

commiserate,

to

to

,,

be solicitous,

Th.

to celebrate funeral obsequies ;

have

to

. ,

The words apof burial, affinity.

pears to have originated from the practice of burning the dead
so
is
that it
derived from
to burn
Ion. for
3 sing, iraperf. mid.
care, grief, trouble, the charge

"On, Conj.

because, that: before a Superlative

the Latin quum, and

has the force of

it

an Adverb.
'Pa, (formed by transposition from ap for a pa,)
truly, cotainly.
Sometimes the word serv^es only
is

,,, ,, ,^ ,
,
therefore,

indeed,

make long

to

the

preceding short syllable, or to prevent the occurrence of vowels.

aor. 2.

1.

f.

,
,
,
.
,
-,
,
,
,,
mid.

fut.

to

m.

ecus. pi.

and Ion.

perf.

die; from the obsolete

part. pres.

Th.

,
:

to strike, to slay.

Ion. for

3 sing, imperf. ind. of

mid.
Conj. when, since, because.
Ovv, Conj. therefore.
for
Boeot. and
3 plur. aor.

act.

57

of

perf.

58

assembled together

r),

,
, ',,
raise vp,

to excite, to

rise, to

stand up

],
,,

from

mid.

part. pres.

to speak in the

midst

and

from

''^,

one rise

to inuke
to set

perf.

.
,
,
1. pass. ind.

and

to

or place.

3 sing. aor. 2. ind.

,
,
.
,, .
",
,
/^, , ,
,
,
,, .
, ,
.
make

tie, to

6, A'oc.

Dat.

pi.

Th.

afoot.

quiet.

sivift

Comparat.

or ojKiuiv

,,

Hence

or

59

to collect, to assemble.

io see

Dor. and /Eol. for

but the poets use it (as also

to set'

Superl. vjkv'

the sea, the ocean.

Ace. dual of the pronoun

for the Ace. plur.
and

^)

aor. 1. part. pass, oi

to

The metaphor is taken from

throw hack or off, to repel, to beat back.
the rebounding of an arrow from any hard substance, against which it
again, backwards, and
may have struck. Th.
f. 1.
to

It takes

its

make one wander

and

to presage,

and

1.

f.

,,

ture,

or deviate

tenses from
to

to think,

to

to err.

to believe, to conjec-

The middle form

know.

wander,

',)
more frequently used by prose writers
written
by the poets,
", Adv. back, again.
id. is

(by Syncope

when employed

it is

60

f.

and

1.

'',

return.

to

to retin-n

',

return from a place,

Th.

whether

Et, Conj. if:

Kf, a poetic Particle, having the

or

same

to

to go.

vid.

1.

C^rj.

ov, 6, death;

Th.

to die.

from
a

65.

force as the potential av.

For the sake of the metre, or when a vowel follows,

or
and before an aspirated vowel '. Sometimes

fication of

go auay

1>, , ,
it is

written

has the signi-

ILIAD

a Particle, sometimes expletive

it signifi^^S^, indeed^ at
It is sometimes used to prevent a harsh meeti^g^C)!4wels, vid.

least.

573 78. .

7.

V OV
ff^y^^^^r.
V

A'.

10.

1.

f.

,,

aor. 2. opt. act,

/,

334. .

to fly, to

Th.

286, &c.

,,

shun, to avoid, to escape

',

1 plur.

ternfy,

to

(used adverbially and elliptically,) together, equally, at the 61

same time, in the same place ; from
common, same.
,
ov, 6, icar ; as
from
and
blood;
or as if
from
and
to destroy.
Some derive
it from
to move, to shake : others deduce it from
because it impairs cities j and others from
be-

^,

,
,, ,

cause

it

subverts

,
.
,

all things.

1.

f.

subdue, to conquer, to slay

to

aor. 2.

Xoiybg, e, , destruction,
death:
S, 6, hunger: all which are derived from
to leave,
because men abandon those vi'ho are affected by these calamities.
(used adverbially in exhortation,) come, come on, well ; the 62
imperative of
to lead.
It is joined both to a singular and a plus, 6, plague, pestilence, contagion

",

ral

although the plural

, , ,

The

Particle

is

',,

,
,
,'
,
is

sometimes used in the same sense.

frequently attached to

it,

as in this line.

Th.

a prophet, a soothsayer.

to rage;
because he foretels the future, when agitated witli divine frenzy.
to speak, to interrogate, to declare : from
or
id.
by Epenthesis for
where the present has the force

[Some consider

of the future.

being changed into

the

as the plur. subj. for

,. ,,

o, for

the sake of the metre.]

ov, b, one to whom the knowledge offuturity it con- 63

veyed in dreams, an interpreter of dreams ; from
a dream, and

',

engaged in.
b,
correct and clear dream, being deduced from
what is true.
to be

signifies particularly

,
,
,
,
.
, ,
,,
, (. ,)
indeclin.

to speak,

to

ov

declare

, ,

same as

say, to tell; aor. 1.

to

poet, tf

aor. 2,

64

3 sing, opt.) poet,

But
f. 1
be employed in any thing, to manage, to conduct.
who, inc. whosoever : ,
"O, Ti, Pron. neut. of
,
;
i. e.
, ; on account of what ? why ?
much:
great,
so
corresponding
ov,
so
to
is here taken
which is
ov, as great as, how inuch.

(whence

,
,
,
,
,

',

adverbially.

,,

071

,
,

.,
,
, , ,
, ,,
, (,

any account
Th.

a hundred, and

it

to pray.
a vow, a prayer ; from
65
to complain of any thing, to be indignant
to blame, to accuse, to comfrom
and
to blame, and
to make appear, to show.
a sacrifice of a hundred oxen, cl hecatomb ; from
f.

plain.

as a sacrifice of

an

i.

e.

quadrupeds were immolated, whose

hundred.]
A*, Dor. for
vid. 1. 60.
;
five

ox.

[Some understand
in

feet were,

which twentynumber, one

in

66

c2

KEY TO HOMER.

18

^,
,

tic,) in

(Interrogative,) in what

a manner

,",,,,
,
', , ,
or al

is

(ui.

it

perfect, complete, excellent, full-groicn,

away

drive

e. to

'\.

to be willing, to icislt.

perf.

throw, to aim at a mark,

to

Part. aor. 1. of

i.

Th.

perhaps.

the end.

fut.

68

lest

,
,
, ,, , ,,
,
,
, , ,, ,
',
,
', ,
,

mid. oi

to

(an Encli-

,
,

(', tiov, or

Th.

67

perchance, perhaps;

the smell of burnt fat, smoke from a sacrifice, the fat

burnt in sacrifice.
Th.
to affect with a tickling sensabecause the odour arising from burnt fat gratifies the nostrils.

,
,, ,
;

,,

or

a lamb. Th,
6 icj >/, or
by Sync,
a votv ; because lambs were sacrificed in offering vows ; or
, a sheep.

(',
tion

ti

,,

thus, so.

which

manner? how 7 &c.

with the Particles

if perchance ;

vid. ante,

bear assistance, to defend

to

diOX. 1. inf.

as if

1.

31.

to repulse,

avtv

without delay,

bear immediate assistance.

Adv.

certainly indeed,

truly,

therefore; sometimes, either,

whether.

69

Th.

Calchas.

meditate deeply, to

to

prophesy.

'^^,

, the

ov,

son of Thestor.

Th.

6,

Thestor,

the son of Enops.

6,

a pries' who foretold future events, chief y

from

thefiight, chirping. Or feeding of birds; an augur, diviner, or soothsayer. Th.

to be engaged or versed in.
a bird, and
8,

an augur,

858.
formed by Aphreresis from
,,S , 6,

",

, ,

i.

",

(and joined
from
to

e.

adverbially to Superlatives,) eminently, remarkably

be remarkable or conspicuous.

,
,,
Mars

70

fiom

, ov,

",

tog, o,
ov, good. Th.
properly, one who co>iducts himself best in war.

Superl. of

,
,

hence

3 sing, pluperf. mid. Att. for y^t, which

to know.

',

Ion. for

Part. pres. of

hence
&c.

poet, for

, ,,
,

the future.

to be,

119. and

whose

f.

way,

to think

u chief.

',

1.

to lead, to

Th.

aor. 1.

. 305.

to lead.

part. fut.

to posterity.

,,

command,

hence

for ijdti,

.')-

the things which are to be,

Jlpo, Prep. befoi-e, in reference to time and place

the things which have been, the past.

71

Ion.

is

to

'

conduct, to lead the

a leader,

for eif,,
being added poetically,) signifies not only to, into,
but also within.
Dat. of a, of him72
i), ov, his, her, its.
Ace. sing. f. of
sdf, &c.
Prep, through, by reason of.

,
,

",

Th.

,,

divination, prophesying, the art of aivinatiiin.

loc, 6, a prophet.

1.

f.

ILIAD

A'.

19

86

to give, to afford, vr.

' ^,.
hence

afford
for iiropi, 3 sing,

,
^,
,
, ,
,,
,
,
-,
).
, , ,')
,
,,
,
,
,
^,
access,

to provide,

to

aor. 2.

Th.

ov, 6, a passage, the channel of a river,

-,

comes from

acquire

also, to give

which

1.

to pass.

Dat. dual of , used poetically for

Dat. plur. by Apo- 73
aad by Aphaeresis <piv.
f. 1,
to be wise, to be prudent, to understand ; from
v, well, and <ppi]v,
Hence
r), the mind.
Kj ),
j'^uful, cheerful ; and
to please, to gladden.
to harangue ; f. I.
Ion. for
aor. 1. mid. Th.
an assembly.

,
,,
,, .

cope,

speak to any one, to address.

to

f. 1.
(as if from
2 sing. pres. Ion. for KsXy.
to speak;
aor. 1.

to order, to exhort.

inf.

Th.

mid.

74

a word.

Gen. A-ol. for 75

, for
far-darting ;
r), a cast, which is from
far, and
The sun is so called, because his rays and heat penetrate to a distance.
may be derived from
a hundred, because Apollo
pierced the serpent Python with a hundred arrows.
Conj. therefore, for:
is frequently added as an exple- 76
live to Adverbs or Conjunctions
yroi, whether, or,
although
JEol. and
Dor. for
Att. and Ion. for
2. sing. aor. 2. imper, mid. of

'
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,' ,,, ,,), ,,
ov.

Th.

place together or engage

to

,
,
,, )
and

swear

because

eyes.
to

Vfhence

be united in love

',

Adv.

certainly

we

f.

together, towards the

both

and, &c.

the mind.

, ready, willing,

a word, a saying

to

kind

and

from
pi.

Th.

to

. 24.

same place,

Dat.

1.

f.

209.;

,
,
,
, ,,
,
.',
,,
,
,
.
' , ,,
,

,
1.

express assent with our

2 sing. aor. 1. imper.

for

join together

covenant.

to

(take their tenses from

77

to

speak.

Dat.

of

(,

i),

],

pi.

and

Dat. dual, from

1.

to assist,

peculiarly to bear assistance in

to help ;

Mars.

great.

Th.

not,

who

here used adverbially for 78

yy

not bent to the earth, but

who

is

and

one

the earth, as if
is

erect.

f.

f.

which

is

1.

1. inf. act.

from

govern.

to be chief, to rule.

or

2 sing.

from

Ion. for

to rule, to

f.

1. ind. njid. of.

,,

Th.

J^ r),

iOC, TO.
I

Gen.

,,, ) ,,. ,
,
f.

war.

hi

the poetic

the hand.

more powerful
to b

from

angry.

pouer, 79

80

,,
,
7) ,

KEY TO HOMER.

20

, ov,

Kf

Compar.

bad, evil.

',

for

as

worse,

if

from

one

who

inferior

hands or, according to others,

dia
one who earns his Uvelihood by the work of his
hands
from which it is formed
Dat. sing, for
poetically by omitting ov, and Ion. by changing
into
81
rifp, an enclitic, sometimes expletive, but having the significations
although ; '
therefore, akhoagh, hoivever, very, truly:
is inferior

in his

,
,

',

Adv.

same day

the

iii

day.

ry .
(.

-,

1.

to

'

t& teethe

boil,-

,
2

which the ^tKoHc

(for

',

,,,
,
,
)
^,

and

from

\^'-

and metaphorically,

bear, to put up with, to bear irith silence;

boil;

if on the whole.

irova.

and Attic

with fire, according to Martinus.

f.

1.

as

',
,,
,
,
,,,
, ,
^, ,
,
,,,
to dress

aor. 1. subj. act.

to

if

3 sing.

-.

Adv. behind, hereafter, afterwards ; from

to follow.
; which comes from
inveterate hatred. Th.
to lie ; being as it were
hidden or treasured up anger. From
is formed

and

backwards, behind, after

ov, 6,

to be incensed.

until, as long as,

61. that

to perfect.

83

Th.

the breast

its

),

stand

to

,,

f.

,
,
,
,)

1.

his,

Dat.

,.

her or her's,

its.

to

to say, to tell.

Th.

to

speak

Dat.

,,

. Ace.

pi.

sing, of

2 sing,

,
,
interchange;

to

f.

answer in turn. Th.

as in t. 409. also

1.

f.

to

to be

speak

to.

daring

Th.

5' Th.
from ',
:

16.

prediction

,,
to

,,

by Sync,

for

to

warm ; whence

/,
:

oracle, prophecy, divine

or from

and

for

the

Vid.

Superl.

a prophet

Mo\.

confi-

confidence,

Part. aor. 1. act.

or

to exchange,

answer.

endued with

Ait.

ov, 6,
from
228. which comes from

(Poet,

to speak.

resolute, to be

f. 1. .^ol.
which is
;
for
^olians use
Adv. very, much. Comp.

boldness

1.

.,

to pass,

dence, to take confidence

ante,

Th.

to protect.

to save, to preserve,

safe.

to address, to

86

Th.

pi. Ion. for

imper. act.
1.

85

poet, for

finish,

,
,
,
,, ,
,,
^,
^,
.
,
.^,
'
^,
^
,
-,
., ^,
.

for

84'

partly

8.

1.

,{. ,
,)
1

of

prominence, particularly in women.

(Ion.

, vid. ante,

aor.

1. sub.

on account of the firmer structure of the

comparison with the lower part of the body, and partly by

breast, in

reason of

so long.

3 sing. aor.

poet, for

^,

2 sing. perf. of hito-

know.

an Adverb of adjuration, which

signifies by.

It

has generally

ILIAD

A'.

21

and it is used also as an

however, has most frequently the

a negative force, without the addition of

So also

affirmative.

,
,
,
, ,
,

vv^hich,

affirmative signification.

show, to exhibit, v. 411. to reveal; from

to

make apparent,

shine,

to

,
.
,

236. Th.

present one's-self;

to

',
.

Dor.

for

,, ,
1.

f.

to live

Part. pres. for

Th.

1.

f.

Th.

Af

aor. 2.

1.

f.

because
to lay

upon

fut. 1

raised

f.

1.

and

from

all;

Adv. poetically
Adv. then.

,
,
,
, ,

is

say

/,

force.

bear against,

to

90
91

92

3 sing, imperf. Th. avCi),

from

is

to shout,

to resouiul.

splendour, light, as being that,

voe, by which the thoughts of the mind are

nifested.

b^

and

IMomus, son of
1.

f.

",
'^,
OvT dp

infamy
and Somnus, the god of

Nox

to find fault, to

oy' for rt
on account of, for the sake

,
,

ts

for

therefore.

,
^^,
,
, ,,
,,
,,,
to infiict

", Adv.

Dor.
to

1.

18.

for

i:j

and

Some

derive

from

it

93
94
96

of.

,
,
, ,

^,

3 sing. aor.

from

the eye, face, countenance,

b,

,-

a, priv.

^'

give back, to restore.

and

to see.

raillery

Ct'

ma-

blame.

^, b , having rolling eyes

to roll;

and above, moreover, also.

to abstain, to hetp from ; from t;^.
Invai. from
aor. 2.

',,

1.

o(

vid. ante,

hereafter, over

si/7/,

f.

; Th.
whence

irreprehensible, excellent, noble

ov, o, blame, disgrace, derision,

b,

89

named,

so

by
" far.

which

y, a voice, u-ord, speech;

derive it from avyi),

Some

which

and

for

to speak, to

1.

f.

by strength or

of

because

for ckcpoKct,

weight, trouble,

it is

3 sing.
from

mid.

perf.

:
Ion. for
heavy, ueighti^, troublesome

/3,

Th.

violent hands.

88

^'.{,
,

take, to contain

to

upon

to see, to behold, to look

Itot

^.

for

the receptacle of all things.

is

be

to boil, to

, ^, ^,
,{ ,), , ,^,
'^,
^,
.
,, , .
',
, ],
^,
,
,
,
the earth

87

appear

to

to shine.

^. Dor.

the earth

to

charge, to accuse;

to

black.

^caT:"^

inf. act.

to

which

is

97
98

turn,

from

r),

de-

notes a girl who attracts the eyes of all beholders, a beautiful girl, which
is the signification of the word in this passage.

/,

(Ion

ov, 6, a

cause youth

(or

is free

,) , ,

young boy

Th.

from vice.

a girl,

sometimes a daughter; from

to

make

clean, to cleanse; be-

Adv. without purchase or reward; from

to

ov, b

priv,

and

a, pric.

and 99

buy, to redeem.
kj

the price

ransom-money ; from a,
Yid. ante, I. 13.

v:ithout price or

of redemption.

,,
,,'
",

KEY

,
,

and, by Pleonasm of

&c.

to

fut. 1.

aor. 2.

,
,

perf.

^,

Att.

//-

for
Prep, into, to.
render propitious, to propitiate, to appease ; hence
It is formed from
aor. 1. part. mid.
view, by prefixing the t of
to be ready or wiUing ;

'
;
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,. ,,
id.

i.

o,

and Att.

'Ec, poet,

carry, to bring, to take

lead, to

Att.

100

HOMEH.

8. /S/XsTToj, to

',

^,

so that

denotes one,
with clemency indigent suppliants.
with an Ionic reduplication, for
plur. aor. 2. optat. act. for
from
102
6, wide-ruling; from
wide, and
6, a ruler; Th.
Kapko), from
the head.
to regard

,,

103

to grieve,

turbed

he in pain,

to

rule

,,

broad,

which

to take ill or amiss,

Part. Pres. Th.

,,

persuade.

to

"

ready

as if

is

to be dis'

grief, sorrow.

strength, power, the vivifying power lohich animates

to remain firm.
Th.
Xaiva, Xav, black all around ; this epithet here marks
the perturbed, and, as it were, dark-lowering state of mind ; irom
Xaipu, Xav, black ; which is from /, not, and
and

the body, vehement anger, wrath';

104

,
,
,
,
, , ,, , ,
. ,, ,
, ,
,
see.

,", , ,
and

, from

',
,

to fill,

same

the obsolete

a, ov,full.

pass.

cope,

the eye

Nom. and Ace.

^.

^-

3 plur. imperf.

Ion. for

Th.

by a poetic reduplication for

f. 1.
which is from

as

for

and, by Apo-

dual

to see.

a lamp ; Th.
; from
In the first conjugation of contracts, the poets insert, before contracted
an o, if a short vowel has preceded ; but if
poet,
a long one, an
poet.
as
poet.
Dat.
Thus
f.

1.

to shine

to 'shine.

''

,-

sing. part. pres.

,
,
,
,
,
.
,
",
,
,
,

f.

1.

,,

by Syncope

to he like, to

resemble

yield, to obey

also

an image.

105

ov, first; from

which, by omitting
Iljoo, Prep, before,

r,

,, ,
,

id.

Hence

3 dual, imperf.

for

formed from

and, by Crasis,

becomes

Th.

neut. plur. taken adverbially.

ov, looking

Att. for

Part. pres. of.

and

aor. 1.

'.

aor. 2. of

for

3 sing. 2. aor. ind.

106

-,
,

added

it is

108

ever, at any time ; Th. ore. Many Particles

which do not change the signification.

to

ov, 6

i^f

pleasing, agreeable, grateful, good, fit

or, according to others, as
;

pleasing to the heart

influencing the mind.

In the neuter gender, with the

taken as a Substantive.

are

bv, good, useful, brave, strenuous

Th.

as

if

if

article,

to

wish

ILIAD '.

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, , ,

^,,
we

because

and wish

love the good

derived foom

them

to join

to retire.

poet, for

vlish.

2 sing. aor.

prophesying, Part. pres. of

f.

1.

dog,

id.

Th.

mid. Th.

vid.

is

accom-

to

85.

1.

Ion.)
wife of

109

when she was

virgin

^.
,

a virgin

Ion. for

wife

,
,,

a bed.

":, by Syncope,

signification

which poetically

for

Agamemnon.

1 sing. perf.

is given to a wife who 114

married, or to a husband who has
vid. ante, 1. 98.
Gen. sing,

an epithet which

Th. a

',

for

which

(than) her:

'.

113

Clytemnestra, sister of

first

Th.

,a

Ill

wish.

I.

f.

ov, b.

to desire rather';

a, ov, youthful

bad,

ov, o.

, (^-, and
-.

to prefer,

x:;arried

1. of

Chryseis, a patronymic from

home

Helen, daughter of Tyndarus,

was a

3-f

as

you declare, you proclaim, 2 sing. pres. ind. of

/, Adv.

f.

,
,
,

23

is

together,

,,

and

put for a, having here the

. Ion.

for

and

Att. for

the body, is indeclinable; from

to build, to raise ; 11-5
were S^^xaj^j^^^, the habitation of the soul, according to Eustathius
or from Hoj^ to tie, to bii id ; for the body is the_g^rison, and
oft he soul.
are, in Homer, so contrasted,"
that the former denotes the animate, and the latter the inanimate body,
is also used as a particle of similitude, signifying lihe, in the
likeness of,
595. vid. tpyov, infra.
disposition, nature ; stature,
370. from
to produce, to beget, to give to light : hence
nature, figure,
fonn. The word primarily signifies, not an internal power, but an
it is, however, used also to denote the innate
external appearance

as

if it

,,,
.

,,

nature, disposition, and capacity.

"Epyov,

,,

,
,,
f.

1.

stood before the Accusatives

',

Dor. or vEol.

,
.
,
,
',

is

pres. inf. of

to be.

Adv. immediately,

1.

',
,
',
,,,
ic,

sfui

and

i),

understood.
Ion.
Dor.

pcet.

ready, prepared

to

directly

Th.

which

^.

(,

from

to send,

116
117

Att.

,,
id.

prepare, to make ready

which comes from

,
,^

for dsvai, aor. 2. inf. of

here

f.

and

most frequent.

elliptical construction is

1.\.

,,,

work, office; from topya, perf. mid. of the verb.

The Preposition
in respect to, is under-

to do.

118

ov,

whence

properly one ivho can be immediately sent.

2 plur. aor. 1. imperat. act.
a, ov, alone
but
a, ov, ofichat kind or sort?
s,6 kj
uirrewarded, without a reward; from a, priv. 119

so that

is

a reward.

KEY TO HOMER.

24

", Ion.

",,

, ,
for

1 sing. pies. subj.

taken impersonally, signifies

Att. of

120

1.

f.

act.

^iiol.

to see, to behold

121

footed

whence, by removing

f.

of

(,

word

i^

\,
,

perf.

to see:

which beand inserting v, is

ov, taken adverbially, x<opy being

very poicerful

more

is

,,
becoming

it is

from

another place, elsewhere.

to

this

Th.

[Some form

^, ',] -, ,

formed poet,
Dat. sing.
understood,

just,

to he like.

2 plur. pres. ind.

comes

it is

in the feet,

than

forcible

remarkahbj suiftwhich denotes

only one who can run swiftly but

implies the power of
continuing to run swiftly for a length of time.
Th. tthc, and
to be sufficient or able ; whence the, impersonal
it suffices,
it is
enough.

122

,
,
,

^, ,
, ),
',
,
,

,,

ov, most glorious, ynost renowned, Superl. of

bv, honourable, renowned;

But

279.

Th.

same as

ov,

f.

,,

desirous of possessions, covetous

a, 6

and

to, glory, dignity

vid. a,

s, 6, reproach.

to acquire, to

1.

,, ,
,
,

procure

and

from

a possession

Th.

in the perf. pluperf.

and

aor. 1. to possess, to have.

123

a, OKjt),

magnanimous, high-spirited

from juiya^ and

the mind.

124

to know ;
which by Sync, for
and that for
. 718. Th.
f.

. 890. Dor. and ^ol. for

100.

1 pi. pres.

ind.

,
,
,
^,
,
s, 6

which

common

( , ,

2 aor.

is for

to

1.

and sometimes

know.
from

,
,
, , ,
,
,
, .,

inf.

of

for

,
,

',

to

Th.

bv, id,

to be together.

and
and by Sync,

to put, to place, to lay

to lie

imperf.

12')

1.

f.

on the ground,

fut.

i.

^,
,

\\.
to

set
:

on

and

which the

'^,

perf. pass,

1.

to

words.

f.

1.

perf.

1.

and Att.

pi.

aor. 2.

to divide, to distribute

mid.

f.

to

perf.

mid. dkya,

prepare a banquet,
aor. 2. pass,

',

to teach, to learn, to

1.

,
to

collect.

to

gather together, to bring together ; from

to dismiss, to give up; from

send forward,

ITooff, aor. 2. imperat.

and

'/?/.<

to

of

under-

Impers. it becomes, is proper or suitable; from

. 392.
3 sing. perf. mid. of
ic)
collected back again ; from
ov,
f.

of

which theme, though not used,

Hence

burn:

f.

,
,

^,

many

inf.

stand.

Part. pres. neut. plur.

2.,
,
,
,
,, , ,

fire,

apart

to be laid aside or

19.

to divide, to separate, to cut

the root of

feast

127

for

1.

,
,,
, ,
is

126

Vid. ante,

plunder.
f.

hence

know,

the possessions or wealth of cities.

e.

by Metathesis,

to

by

,
,

to

and

send.

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, ,
,

,
,,

ILIAD

Adv.

6,

threefold; from

and

three,

25

A'.

triple;

to be.

Adv.

Th.

128

from

quadruple ;
[These two words, formed from
the Dat. sing, of the Adjectives, ought not to have the iota subscribed;
which -indeed is to be observed of all such Adverbs ending in ?;.]
f. 1.
to pay, to compensate, to requite ; from
vid.
ante, 1. 42. and t. 630.
Adv. at some time, at any time, in some place; but
;
nhere ? uhither ?
with the iota subscribed. Ion. for
3 sing. aor. 2. subj. but 129
without the ioia, is 3 plur. aor. 2. subj.

Th.

fourfold

Att.

four.

,
,,
>,
,,,

,
,

a,

,
,

icf

1.

f.

empty,

a wall

Th.

well fortified; from

ivith walls,

plunder, to destroy ; from aXaformed (by Pleonasm of a) from

to lay waste, to

to destroy,

defended

icell

t),

and

to

which

is

,
,
.
,' ' , ,
,
f.

1.

Adv.

'33

id.

so,

Th.

thus.

drink up by lapping, as a dog.

although.

like;

Th.

1.

f.

131

the addition of the Particle irep signifies frequently

godlike

icjij,

perf.

and

from

mid.

to

',

have secretly,

to

a,

icj

r),

take aicay

132

to conceal, to
feign ; Th.
" do not act thus with secret and crafty
hide.
design ;" " do not thus dissemble and address me with guile."
to move ; as nothing
, 6, mind, heart ; Th. vkoj, i. e.
is quicker or more fickle than the mind.
to jmss by, to conquer in running, to excel; hence, to
overreach.
Ion. for
2 sing. f. 1.
This verb is, in the ancient writers, 133
to wish, to desire.
always a trisyllable ; and where it appears under the form of
the should be restored
for the word is formed of
still, and
to take, denoting a determined wish, which remains unchanged, and
not a sudden or temporary desire.
Adv. so, thus, in vain, rashly ; also, gratuitously,
621.

secretly, to steal, to dissemble,

to

,
,,

/,

^,

,
, ., ,

,,

,
,
,
,
", ,
, ,,
.",
.
,
,
.
, .,
^,

to sit

pres. inf.

form of

to be in necessity, to be

sary.

But
f.

f.

f.

1.

^,

toft,

agree

to, to

134

to loant,

it is

to join together, to act

neces-

agree-

136

Part,

aor. 1. ind.

it has nearly the same signification as

worthy, equal in estimation, of equal value ; from

how, that, lohen

ia, lov,

place,

whence the impersonal

;
and
to bind, to tie.

without

1.

and ^ol,

1.

ably or conformably

Th.
to
middle of

avTi, for, in the place

of,

against,

and

d'iioc,

lov,

worthy

Th.

to value.

'E-rat,

by Sync,

poet, for

for

3 sing. fut. ind. of

137


KEY TO HOMER.

26

",

, ,) ,

2. subj. mid. of aiptoj, to take; aor. 2. act.

1 sing. aor.

,,
,

(which tense is borroMed from

f. 2.
to take.
a, cv, Dor. and poet, for
your.
138
6, Ajax, surnamed Telamonian, from his father Telamon, son of ^acus or Salaminian, from his native country Salamis.
He is called also the greater Ajax, on account of his superioi:ity to
Ajax the Locrian, son of O'lleus, both in size and strength. Telamo'
nian Ajax was ranked next to Achilles, for his valour
tlXov,

',

, , "'

,'^ '

/'

aor. 2. Part. of.

to go.

and

and Ion.

-,

. 768.

IHysses, son of
He ruled

Laertes, husband of Penelope, and father of Telemachus.

over Ithaca, the circumjacent islands, and part of Epirus.

,
,,'

relating to his wanderings,

" Odyssey," from him.

Anticlea, was delivered
139

",

upon:

140

of.

vid. ante,

row,

from

to

f.

to

Dor.

83.

1.

mid.

f.
and
defend, to guard; Th.

to

hereafter;

to deliberate

1 pi. fut. 1.

142

oi', i. e.

interpret;

,
.
,
,,
, . ',
-'
,
,
,
,
,, ,
.
, ,
from

141

The poem
name of

,,
-, its

Th.
5, , a road ; because his mother,
him on the public road.
2. subj. oi
v/\uch sometimes signifies
of

1 sing. aor.

to attack, to fall

by Homer, takes

written

,,

to

1,

f.

1.

draw,

to

to

launch

for

also,

to free,

draw:

to

poet, for

',

f. 1.
a rower;
, an oar ; Th.
break through the water with an oar ; which comes

1.

7], ,

'

to break.

by Tmesis

for

, willing and able to act

vigorously and to exert

to, and
or
ft, proper, dexterous ; Th.
whence
to stretch, denoting one who perseveres till the accom.plishment of his undertaking. Some consider the derivation of
because those things,
others deduce it from
to be
Ion. for
which are fit for us, are agreeable.
having the accent
contracted for
Ace. pi. But

all one^s strength,

,
,
, ,

,
, ,,

on the antepenultimate. Adv.

143

^,

diligently, atteiitively.

Ion. for

poet, for

plur. aor. 2. subj. of

to place.

8,

and

-,

having beautiful cheeks

ry,

cheek, (it being

-],

Prep, to, with, before ;

and conspicuous part of the body.

144

,, , ,

to raise,

1 plur. aor. 1.

poet, for

make one go, to

borrows some tenses, as

lead.

It is

and

one

it is

,.

, , chief, leader,

leader, to

command,

ov,

to rule

o^

r),

pi. of

prince

from

it is

if

Th.

a high

subj. of /Sau'OJ,

f.

1.

from which it
134.
compounded with
Ace. pi. of

formed from
\^d.
mid. &:c.

declined in the plural,

Nom.

as

perf.

-,
,
)

into

because

, , -,.
,
,
to

from

changed Mo\.

.
,

to begin, to be the

id.

an adviser, a counsellor;

iwm

and

,
,
,
,
,

ILIAD

",,,

v,l>y Metathesis for

6, i^

/07/\//,

ible, vehement; from

to strike

down,

and hence pf Apollo

^,,,
Th.

distance

2 sing. aor.

Ion. for

,
,

,,

do, to sacrifice.

,
,

pen ; perf. mid.

vork, may be derived.

Adv.

to

^,

by Pleonasm
or
and

(for

'', ,,

to look sternly

It

148

-/

149

of 5,) sternly, grimlij

,
,,.
,
to see.

,, , ,
, ,
,
'
.
,
,
,
,
.,
,
alas

for

is

joined either to a A"om. as

or to a Vocat. as here.

Th.

a. priv,

Th.

and

to

147

195.
lest being in any measure angry, he
the sons of the Grecians.
Hence
to hapby Metathesis for
from which
a

,
,
,
" ,
occasion evil to

Th.

an epithet of the sun,

sub. mid. of

1.

f. 1,
(and by Metathesis '^,)
sometimes governs a double accusative, as in

pk'^y

145
146

or astonished.

at a distance.

appease, to propitiate.

may

dreadful, hor-

Super!.

, , producing effect at a

',

2t

to terrify, to frighten

with terror, to be amazed

struck

to be

A'.

Idomeneus, king of Crete.

impudence

, (,) ,
;

from
shame

.''},

impudent;

Ion.

Part. perf. pass, of

put on.

icft),

or

to clothe;

having a cunning and covetous mind;

. 44. Th.
utility, advantage, dexterity, cunning : or from
a fox,
a
the mind.
lion, and
erpedition, method, 151
7], away, a road, a path, a march
[There are two ways of conquering an enemy one by amartifice.
the other, in open battle, which is
buscade, which is

,,

a, ov, prudent, crafty,

from

,,

Th.

^ol.

,,

Th.

to go.

Gen.
which

for

the point of a weapon,

, ,,
, ,
,
,
,
",

,,

is

named

warrior;

re

Att.
Adv. hither: for which
153
lov, one who is the cause that any thing is or has been done,
which implies grief
iu'
impeachable, deserving punishment ; Th.
Hence
dignation.
, cause, reason, fault ; olso, impeach-

ment, acccusation.

'), 5,

Ace. plur.
154
push forward, to drive away, to
aor. 1. ind. Th.
id. from which it is
strike, to
Dor.
formed by the insertion of i; JEo\. and of
s,
tofiy with
^ y, a horse or mare ; from
sioiftthe feet. This etymology is confirmed by the epithet
6

an

cow;

, 1.
wound;

, ,
,

'
,
,
,

to drive, to

3. 45. which are freto

42. and the verb
fly,
quently applied to horses.
Phthia, the city of Achilles, in Thessaly.
155

flying,

,,

)/,

a clod or

himp of earth.

very fertile

Th.

very,

and

a,

28

, ,-

KEY TO HOMER.

,,

, ,

an epithet of a country producing and supporting

ov, 6, a shepherd, and aj/?/jO, ^pbg, 6, which,
in such a composition, denotes a hero, a robust man.
feed,
f. 1.
is formed from
hence
ov, 6, which becomes
Dor.
Ion and
156
, , ripe fruit, corn, any production of the earth used for
food it properly denotes fruit, which, being dried, is fit for use, and
hence any useful fruit also, profit, advantage. Th.
perf.
f. 1.
to dry, to parch.
mid. of
brave

men: from

,,

,,
,, ,, ,
,
,
,
,
", ,) , , ,
:

Th.

,,

to burn ; as if
a torch, v. 320, which comes from
dia
properly
is more freqiiently used
of which
dle form,

were
The mid-

to injure, to destroy, to efface;

1.

f.

3 plur. aor. 1. ind.

something hostile.^

[Some

Adv. for
Adv. between

157

,,
.,'

,
,
,,

Th.

a Tnountuin

(Ion.

or shoot

up

when.
Prep.

since,

from

derive

Th.

,,

to

design

to leap, to spring,

also, to move, to excite.

,
because
,

Th.

a shadow ; which is as
always advances with the body.
resounding ; from
', , a sound, a, shout
Is derived from ',
which, as if contracted from
id.
perf. of
to break; as the Latin /ragor
[Some derive it from
from y'raii^o.]
to accompany, to attend, to be present
(poet, for
158
same as
Also
aor. 2. ind.
with, to follow.
;
and poet.
Th. erroj, f. 1.
Ion.
imper.

',

shady

,
,
, ,
", ',
/,)
.
, , ,
if

from

vid. ante,

1.

to go,

64.

Xaipo), fut. 2.

the verb terminated in

it

to rejoice

-.

-,

and

fut. 1.

Th.

or

for joy

as if

expands the

mind, smooths the brow, and opens the mouth ; whereas sorrow conpres. imp. is sometimes
and closes them.
used as a word of salutation, and sometimes also as a farewell compliment, t. 197.
tracts, wrinkles,

159

,,

,
,
,,
,
, ,, ^
.,
^,
,
,
,
,
Th.

,
'.

and

in the middle,

f.

"

to

take

as

Th.

punishment, revenge, satisfaction,

nity

1.

wish

jnice,, honour, digexpiate or atone for, to hold in estimation;

to

punish.

to accomplish,

to

procure, to

toft, to make sure and firm ;

6
Some derive it from

icj

to

160

acquire, to

a lamb,

give a lamb,

return some other useful thing, as in bartering.

6, having the J^ice of a dog, shameless
the eye, the countenance. Hence
a dog, and

,,

to

a sheep,

properly signified

if

ivish

whence

and accept

in

from

id. y. 180.
With a Gen. it signifies //w
Prep, governing three cases.
by, towards, near, with: with a Dat. to, at, denoting rest in a place
with an Ace. to, towards, denoting motion to a place.
:

^, ,,
,,

ILIAD

,
,
,
,
,
,,

for, to attend to

regard

Th.

to

from

1.

f.

to

and

a, intens,

,
,
,
',
", , ,

take

to

put, place, or

alsoj to vow,

to roll.

horn

to labour, to suffer ;

1.

f.

culty, with great labour.

set.

and

from

to threaten, to boast ;

1.

f.

and

',

away

mid.

fut. 1. inf.

Th.

1.

f.

to take

1.

f.

,. ,

A'.

to have regard
turn about;
to turn; aor. 2.
have consideration and care for any thing, to

1.

f.

to

J 61

icith diffi-

162

. 863.

,.
Adv.

.
,
,

Ion. and poet, for tdooav, 3 plur. aor. 2. of

,
^, ,
,,
Nom.

by Sync,

plur.

or

', from
,,

for

equal, in respect to quantity

Vid. ante,

9.

1.

on the contrary, 163

exterior appearance ; for

relates to quality: Th.
things equal in magnitude and number have nearly the same appearance.

ov, well inhabited; Th.

to heap up.

t],

Eustathius derives from

',

,^
/, , ,, ,,
8, TO,

for

and

more; Comp. of

to

,
,

ov, most,

, impetuous

icf

to

manage,

1.

64.

vid. ante,

ante,

1.

,,

to

much

or

and

from

rush with force.

which 164

(and Att,

a city; Th.

id.

i^j

Superl.

,
,,

inhabit,

to

f.

many; 165
1.

administer, to execute, to direct; from

division,

e. of

i.

booty

Th.

^,

-,

166

Vid.

to divide.

125.

,
,
',

,
,

(is added, adverbially, to Comparatives and Superlatives,) 167

much, by much, far.
great.
Vid. ante,
greater ; Comp. of
^

1.78.

, ov, little, few

as

if

Th.

^,

\,
f.

to cease, to

1.

quickly terminating, or that whose extremity

,,

Others derive

from

it

entire, the whole.

,,

,
',
,
.
",

tigued

Qouywhen, after
f.

1.

i.

e.

that, for

perf.

1.

kpa,

to fight.

more

^,

Vid.

excellent,

,,' ,
derived from

".

1.

by Antiphrasis, from

governing the Subjunctive.

'

labour, to be wearied

1 sing. aor. 2. subj. Ion. for

f.

Comp.

to

or,

terminate;

easily reached.

is

61.

^,

better,

bear; Superl.

68

fa-

stronger, more, robust;

169

<pkp'

/,

170
from
to go,
an epithet of a ship, ichich is curved in the prow as
the curvature lohich is visible
uell as in the stern; from
in the prow of a ship ; any curvature; a crown.
^^^
Adv. here.
.
honour.
dishonoured; from a, priv, and
,
Dor.

for

^, ^,
", , ' ,

of one year

as

if

vel

,,

,,
,

riches,

wealth; properly the census

return

tvov, collected in one year.

D 2

30

KEY TO HOMER.
ov, b, riches

or as

many years from

nXorog and a(ptvog, differ

lapse of

if

, ,
,
'.
',
, ,,^

in this, that the

tained by great labour, during many years

in one year, and without great labour.
1.

f.

draw,

to

to receive,

and

v,to shake,

exhaust

to collect, to

174

to rouse, to

to incite,

poet, for

>/?;,

honour

to

1.

f.

175

',
,
,
,
(or

Th.

ov,

, .

poet, for

,,
,

hatred.

2 sing. pres. of

1.

3 sing.

iSog,

to take care

Comp.

bv, hateful, odious, hostile;

Th.

f.

1.

,,
1.

f.

deliberate.

176

move; aor.

prudent, wise; Th.

which comes from

advice, deliberation;

troXv-

,'

,,

hence

and, by Metathesis,

perf. pass,

if

the latter, riches collected

id. also to acquire.

173

as

riches acquired by the

and trog, a year.

one signifies wealth ob-

,(

and

from

many

STog, acceptable to

of, to

Superl.

to be.

, , ,, , ,

nourished by Jupiter ; here an epithet of

kings, either because they were descended from Jupiter, or because
to nourish.
they derived their power from him
Th.
and
b

<^

/,

178

,,

vehement

by Metathesis
Th.

,,

for

bv, strong, brave, severe,

superiority.

an enclitic particle, somewhere, anywhere, perhaps, certainly ;

and
an interrogative particle, where? Hence
surely, certainly, and otth, lohere? Th.
.
179
'^, Dat. plur. Ion. for
s, b, a companion, a friend, an assistant ; Th.
, b,
but

,
,
,

,,

",

a companion.

180

and

poet. for. as.

the Myrmidons, who originally dwelt in the

whence they followed Peleus into Thessaly, when
on account of the accidental murder of his brother Phocus.
ct,

island of iEgina,

he

fled

,
-,

181

f.

to

1.

thus,

f.

1.

-,

,,

to

labour:

",
1.

be moved,

tent

have

to

, care,

t]g,

Th. kXIvm,

and
which is

1.

for

to assimilate, to

Adv. openly, on

like, to

dread,

from

to be

Hence

bova,

make

,,
, bo,
,

to hate, to fear, to

obsolete.

mid. of

Dor.

lean

to

for

for

inf. aor. 2.

f.

to

to send.

recline.

f.

any place for reclining, a

sorrowful; Th.
Styx.

87

move,

any tiling, to care for. Hence

to cherish deep anger.
and
in this manner.

,
., ,, %,
,,
,
upon,

186

to

consideration for

", Adv.

184
185

1.

f.

much

the

inf. aor. 1. pass, of

compare; from

the contrary, in opposition;

like.

Th, avri, Prep.

for, in the place of, against.

188

", ,
eog,

grief, sadness, sorrow:

sometimes, perturbation, ca-

ILIAD

lamity, as in

,/ //,

yap

145.

A'.

31

,,
,,
such per-

on

Sometimes,

ttirbation or calamity has oppressed the Grecians.

account of which, woe is inflicted on any one ; Th. a, priv. and

to gape, because grief closes the mouth ; or a, intens. and
i. e.
to pour; for
sometimes signifies the tear produced by grief j
hence the English word " to ache."
Eustathius
the heart, the soul; Th.
to breathe.

,
,,
,

,,

Noun

says that this

indeclinable.

is

shaggy, rough ; here, furious ; Th.

189
)
down, vid. /3. 851.
id. which
Adv. in two xcays, doubly ;
id. for
comes from ^, twice, formed by Sync, from
Th. ^bo, two.
Hence
to divide.
in composition, before a vowel, retains
the before a consonant, it sometimes retains, and at other times reis,

,8. /,

soft hair or

,.
,

,
,
, ,
,
,' ,

jects

it.

Th.

1.

to consider anxiously, to deliberate, to hesitate;

divide; for the mind, in doubt,

to

is

acpayavov, a sword; Th.

a, to, for

to kill

-^,
,

which comes from

formed as

,,
if

sharp

Th.

and

,
,
f.

to strip,

1.

, ',

,,, ,
Th.

", Adv.

,,

tofnish,

to

to check, to restrain,

1.

f.

tain, to hinder

first

to kill, to

to terminate,

1.

to cease.

',

f.

1.

word

make

spoils.

cease

to repress,

but

to pacify,

to restrain.

to

id,

to

to excite.

1.

f.

to

Th.

draw:

3 sing, imperf. mid. poet, for

194

to take.

Ion.

192

de-

,
.",
.
,
,
,
^,
,
, ,, , ,],
,, , ,
, ,
, ,
.
,
,
f.

perf. pass, of

191

[The 193
in the mean time, so long ; Th.
an Anapaest, in place of a Dactyl or Spondee.]
consider, to revolve in the mind, to incite, to move
to move quickly ; which comes from
1.

whilst

foot of this line is

from

190

is

^
).
,

remove; from
Act. ^ol. for
deprive of ; from

1. opt.

Hence tvapa,

Mars.

2.

rejoicing in slaughter.
to scrape, to prick.

3 sing. aor.

'., ,,. ,
f.

f.

to others, the

to excite, to rouse, to

1.

f.

According

id.

, ,

divided between diffe-

rent opinions.

6,

a scabbard

a sword.

),
four variations of the

name

, ov, hollaw.

Th.

),

of Minerva,

y, and
which are derived, as

//,

if

from a, priv. and

to suck the breast, because this goddess
never was nursed as an infant.
But others deduce the name as if
from
to see sharply, because Prudence is personified
in the character of jXlinerva.

above

",

Tmesis

f.

for

Adv. from heaven ; for

s,
because the heavens bound our view.
1.
to send; perf.
aor. 1,

o,

a boundary, and 195

yap

by

yup

el

icf

ai,

both; Th.

about,

196

,
,
,
,
, , , ',
",
.,
,
,,
',
,
,
,
,
,
^, ,
, ,,
,
^
^,
., ,),
', ,
-,
,,',
, ,, , &, .,
,
.
, ,
,, ,
KEY TO HOMER.

32

Adv.

in like manner, equally, in

common

from

6v.

cutninon.

f.

ante,

197

and

to love, to receive

1.

treat kindly, to kiss.

A^id.

20.

1.

3 sing. aor.

for

to stand.

1. of

Adv. behind,

Ion. for

backwards; from

back,

Adv. behind, afterwards.

ov, yellow, blooming, beautiful

Th.

flower.

",

198

she took, 3 sing. aor. 2. for ilXe,

Oparo, 3 sing, imperf.

199

from

to take.

Vid. ante, 1.87.

f.

from

for

to fear, to tremble,

to see.

amazed

to be

Th..

^,

to stupify ; or
terrm\ amazement, which comes from
a vision,
stupor ; or, according to Eustathius, from

from

and

as

if

it

were

dia

stupor brought on the

mind by

the appearance of a

spectre.

he turned hackxvard

Synaeresis,

to

Mo\.

becomes

^, ,

and by inserting

, &c.

aor. 2.

perf.

200

3 sing. aor. 2. mid. of

to know, to think, to understand, to see, to

which, by
think; whence is formed

or

recognize; Th.

from

i.

to

e.

Boeot. for

poet, for

pass, of

,,
f.

which

is

as

to call,

1.

Tii

if

to speak.

iota,

l.mid.

Pallas, an epithet of Minerva, Sia

brandish.

201

,
fut.

to

to shake,

3 plur. aor,

speak; from

vos, the light of the 7nind

, winged;

move,

to

1.

the voice

or simply from

an epithet, sometimes of arrows, either

,
,
,
,
,
7/,

])ecause they are feathered, or because they are borne swiftly like
birds ; sometimes also of words, because being once uttered, they
s,

and

,
,
,
,.

hence,

202

426. Th.
we meet it also applied to shields,
from
a wing, which is put by Sync, for
to fly. From rrTipov is formed
by Sync,
properly to strike the sides by the flapping of wiyigs

cannot be recalled

to rejoice, to exult.

by Sync, for
Adv. but, truly,

,,,

why then! Th.

Ion. oio,

b,

one icho

when, since.

Th. av, id.

has a shield formed of a goat'

back, again, moreover

eegis or shield of Jupiter and

to have.
An epithet of
Minerva, (Th.
, a goat,) and
Jupiter, who, being exposed by his mother immediately after his birth,
vv'as nourished by a goat, the skin of which he preserved, in memory
of his childhood, and with it covered his shield.

skin; from

-,

,, ,

a goat-skin, the

offspring, son or daughter, the

young of either tnan or

ILIAD

33

A'.

,, ,,, ^,,
beast

from

Imperf.)

1.

f.

bring forth,

to

(for Avhich

Att.

Cony

Iva,

,^,

that

,
,
',
,

"

j),

,
poet,

act.

,
,
,
,
,

by Tmesis,

Toi

by

Diaeresis, for

Dat,

Ion. for

'YrrfjOOTrXf'a,

and

for

Th.

, . ,,
quickly, in a

aor. 2. subj,

204
205

his, &cc.

hence, proud

little

^,

,
and

from

arm,

to

prepare.

to

time, shortly, immediately, presently,

Compar.

swiftly, by chance, perhaps;

2 sing.

t^ijg,

haughtiness: vTTtpoTrXiyfft, Dat. pi.

s, 6 Kj ), one who thinks that

Hence

armour.

ijisult.

speak out.

to

fem. of

pi.

, pride,

fia,

Ion. for

Adv.

1.

to thitik.

he can do every thing when armed

Qv, TO, arms,

f.

203

abusive injury, affront,

aor. 2.

to see;

(,

come.

to

Adv. where.

and

for

and

in the Pres.

mid. of

perf.

by Sync,

aor. 2.

"YSpig,

used

is

to beget.

Superl.

from

2^,

,
,
,
,
, ,
. .
eta, v, swift, quick;

Th.

Superl.

Hence

to delay.

406

nerva

or a,

365

740.

id.

cerulean, light blue, sky -coloured,

the countenance, the eye.

],

to hold,

swiftness, speed,

having grey or bluish eyes, an epithet of Mi- 20S

, bv,

Th.

Compar.
priv. and

/"regue?ii

to stretch ;

swiftly,

,,

and

sometimes,

and

), id,

id.

Ion. for rriOy, 2 sing. aor. 2. subj. mid. of

,
,,
Ilpo

/,

to

by Tmesis,

j/Kf,

1.

f.

for

to cease;

sometimes,

to

), to

1.

reproach, to abuse

word

proach, disgrace. Eustathius says the

to chide, to

iimpers.

blame.
it is

lawful;

sing,

for

",

Adv.

to

donum from

thus, in this

from
as

is

a gift

-/,

vehemence

Th.

f.

dual, of

or

Th.

,
',

is

sometimes,

1.

his, <Scc. thy,

preserve

is

211

shall be

this

Dat. 212

213
to

give: as the Latin

,
,,
,

aor. 1. inf. mid. of

any thing deep in

and 216

tvant, ne-

Nom. and Ace.

your. Th.

dual of

214

2 sing, imper. of

occasion; imperf. t%pij

Th.

Nom. and Ace.

to

Ion. for

necessary, there

and sometimes

poet, for

signifies,

it

to have, to retain, to restrain, to prohibit, to check,

,
,
, ,
impers.

inf.

cessity.

re-

blame, from

if

be present with.

0,

., ,
to repress

manner; from

Ijvituog,

207
208
210

sc.

do.

and

to discontinue,

,
,
,
,,,
;

.
,
, ,
,
it

195.

was lawful;

it

shall happen.

lawful,

1.

make one cease,

give up.

f.

ante,

\^'\d.

the

mind

which

or followed

34

KEY TO HOMER.

by
217

141.

1.

,", ,
Kat

by Tmesis,

Trap,
soil,

,
,
,
',
,

",

219

by Aphseresis, for
t), an oar;

he said, from

, ,, ,.
,
, ,,
",

to hold,
id.

to repress, to keep

in,

to disoheif

, ''

,,

the

is

vid. ante,

as

push,

Th.

to

drive;

move.

to

144. and ,. 134.

1.

more frequent,

same

to go,

to moattt,

to

ascend.

,
',

y, its primary signification is, one icho

thing, very intelligent, as if

icj

.
,
, ,,

and can teach every

(.

a deity. Fortune,

480,) whether good or bad

Adv. again, hack, same

ov, b

Pleonasm of the

ic)

syllable

acting loith a very irritated

a, bv,

,^
mind,

for

skilled

hence,
to know,

,,

Vid. ante,

as

or

y),

is

Th.

to teach.

223

from a, priv. and naiOoj or

aya-

any thing.

7),

1.

f.

to thrust, to

&:,

perf.

1.

f.

222

1.

the neuter signification

tip, to

and

1.

f.

f.

get

from

. 410. perf. pass. Att.

aor. 1. Att.

But

of

].

3 sing. aor. 2. poet, and Ion. for

Vid. ante, 1. 26,

Ion. for

and

Comp.

the hilt, haft, or handle of

also,

from

allhough.

neut. of

to cut, to strike.

(.

221

for

better

it is

bv, good.

Th.

220

,,

command

as here, to follow advice, to observe a

vid. ante,

1.

27.

(by

proceeding from a very irritated mind,

full of emotion ;

,,

from
with exasperated words
r), any error
e.
of
mind, injury arising from error of mind, hurtful error, hurt, calamity ;
also stupor,
to wander in mind, to
f. 1.
805.
Hence
i.

", ,

deceive one's-self, to injure, to hurt.

who

',

224

),

is

also the goddess

and misfortunes on mankind.

Adv. not yet, in no manner, by no means ; from

inflicts injury

, ,, ,

in some

icay, perchance.

225

,
,
,,

aid, to do

heavy with wine, intoxicated ; from

is derived from
, heavy
to which etymology Homer appears to allude in
b

and

ov, b, wine,

good

,,

r),

(Ion.

',) ,

", .

light, swift.

and

'\

perf. pass,

the heart

move

to shake, to

from
;
remarkably swift-footed.
from
[Some derive
Ion. oio, b, a stag

it is

from

i/,by Metathesis,

Th.
Hence
rjb, id.
and fro with a quick motion.

,
,

to

,, , ,

rb, the eye, countenance, aspect

to see.

afoot, because

',

'^.

260.
of

kj

to incite,

to

and

Hence

a, bv,

to

kill ser-

pents.^

226

", Adv.

,,

at the same time, together, in company, along with, con-

jointly, in like

manner

Preposition.

f.

1.

usually takes after

it

to

arm,

aor. 1. inf. pass.

,,

to

Th.

it

a Dat. as

if it

were a

^, ,

put on a breast-plate or corslet: 3-

and Ion.

b,

ILIAD

35

A'.

, ,
,
,
, ,
.
,,, ,,, , , ,,
the breast, the ichole body from the neck tu the thighs, the covering

protects the breast

ov, 6,

which

and body, a corslet; from

to pant with violence.
an ambush or ambuscade, a number oj" picked soldiers, 227
place, to make one lie down ; for men in ambush

Th.
usually lie down, that they may not be seen.
Hence
to lay
snares for, to lie in ambush.
6, one who is chief, bravest of all, of the first rank
from
Hence
to excel, to rule, to be chief.
a cohort

Dat. plur.

Ion. for

by Sync,

perf.

1.

f.

Hence, 228
ava, av, misera-

to support, to sustain, to dare.

to bear,

1,

f.

id.

one who endures many things; and

, the broad
by which the sword tvas girt on, or the thong of leather by uhich the
buckler loas held.
ble,

belt

,
','
,
', ,

,, ,
^,
'

fate, death.

1.

f.

to

Vid. ante,

1.

44.

seem, to appear.

,
,
,
,,
, ,
Adv.

certainly.
6

Super!,

lij

or

Th.

wide, eitensive

, ,

more desirable; Compar. of

better,

wish

to

Th.

to enjoy.

tofow,

or

for

it is

229

pro-

perly an epithet of a wide river, or of the sea.

pres. inf. of

poet, for

vid.

230

ante, 161.

Adv.

against, in return

contradict

^,
,,

,
",
,

/c/

from

5,

, food, particularly for cattle

, . person ov thing of

?(

, no one,

Th.

or

,,,
;

,, ,

the

^, , ,
f.

1.

openly

for

race, origin, descent.

last,

Superl. of

later.

to offer insult or

and

Th.

^,,

^,

injury
as if

fromXwCi/,

/,

i.

'

lastly

232

,,

e.

insult

any one openly, and, as it were, in the midst of the people,

2 sing. aor. 1. opt. mid.
Vid.
42.
1 sing. fut. 2. ind. mid. of 233
by Tmesis, for
to confirm U'ith an oath, to swear solemnly ; from
f. 1.
id.
and
to swear ; hence
1.
ov , an oath ; Th. f
to confine, to bind.

",
f.

and

no value; Th.

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, ,
,
, ." ,
(^,

offered to

6<6,

to feed.

neut. plur. taken adverbially to signify i

ijisult offered

which

,,
,, ',,,
,

and cavcg. Dor.

from

devouring the people, one who wastes and de- 231

stroys the property of the people;

answer

opposite, standing opposite

to

from
comes from avri. Prep.
to

,,

Adv.

ov, TO, a leaf;

Th.

according to Eustathius,
via TO iv

234

certainly, truly, indeed, yes.

to

to blow,

bring forth,

and

to increase

to

or,

resound

, branch, twig ; also, the knot in a tree from ivhich the

Also, Metabranch proceeds: Th.
for it affords a seat to birds.
phorically, a warlike man; thus
a branch of Mars, i. e.
a descendant of Mars.
Via.
663.
147, &c.

36

235

KEY TO HOMER.

, ,
,
.
"/,
ijc, ?/,

, ,
,
,. ,, ,
^,
[
Dat.

poet, for

f.

236

,
.

perf.
to beget, to bring forth, to produce.
a cutting or lopjying off ; Th.
to cut ; perf. mid.

1.

f.

1. xpio, to leave

perf.

Th.

to flourish;

mid.

157.

1.

again and send forth budi

to flourish

I.

.
,

\^id. ante,

aor. 2.

2\, which comes from

Ion. for

o?<i,

pi. of

spring up,

to leap, to shoot or

3"

from

being pre-

may be formed

fixed in place of the aspirate,

to sprout

1.

f.

originally

from the Hebrew word tal, dew, which assists the vegetation of
plants
to this etymology Homer may allude, in Od. v. 245. in Minerva's speech to Ulysses about Ithaca ; alti '
:

,
,

there ever dwell the rain

the plants bloom.]

and blooming dew,

e.

i.

, ,

which make

Prep, with a Gen. concerning, for, by reason of; with a Dat.

to.
in composition, denotes
used adverbially, around.
very, greatly, remarkably.
, 0, properly copper; hence, brass, or whatever is made of
when he speaks of iron, or
for
Homer uses
brass.
from
or
arms made of iron. It is derived as if
to loose, to enlarge ; for copper may be extended and drawn
out by hammering.
As signifying a weapon made of iron, Tzetzes de-

or Ace. about, around, at, near

,
,
,
,

from

rives

TO

1.

f.

237

to shed,

pour, and

to

strength

to peel, to strip off the bark.

the bark of a tree, the rind, the skin;

^,

,
,
.
^,
,
,,,, ,, , ,
,, ,,, ., .
, ,
', ,
",
.,
,
, ^.
abound,

o,

Th.

to

to be fruitful.

Adv.

238

but, on the contrary, again, moreover

,,

the hand, the

palm of the hand

Th. av.
Th.

to

Dat. plur. Ion. for

Th. cpkpoj, id.
to carry, to bear
f. 1.
s, 6, a judge, one versed in law, sometimes the same as
justice, law, a cause, and
a king; from
be engaged in.
right, custom, law, vhether apand

brandish

",

,,
,

pointed by nature, or by the custom of nations

ai, laws laid doivn

239

Ion. for

pres. ind. of

240

?},

,,

to

or

and settled,
which is by Sync,

defend, to observe

,,

Th.

for

to place,

',,

mid. of

f.

desire, sense of the absence

3 plur.

1.

of some

to persuade ; as it
perf. mid. of
Th.
is that affection of mind, by which we persuade ourselves that somepresent, is very good and desirable, without the posthing, not
session of vhich we cannot enjoy any pleasure.

good, love, icish

fut. 1.

241

to come, to reach

mid. oi

to be

f.

able;

vid. ante,

2 sing.

f.

1.

19.

1. ind.

Ion. for

242

", ,

Adv. when,

hold.

6,

whilst, as

poet.

)'.

Hector, son of Priam and

Hecuba

Th.

>,

to

'
,
^,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
", .
,
,,
ILIAD '.

, may-slaying, blood-imbrued,

a man, and

from

low

icithin

f.

e.

2. mid.

f. 1.
Th.
tvdo9tv,from within, Th.

aor. 2.

Adv.

i.

to slay.

to fall, to be slain, to be laid

act.

37

perf.

ivithin, at

, ,, ,
,
, ,
,, ,
, , ,,, ^
home, as

ev

if

to scratch slightly

1.

f.

blood follows,
to

tear,

284.

as

irritate^

Hence

/,

,a

with any thing sharp, so that

metaphorically,

to make
deduced from

is

if

,,
,

^HXoc,

,,
,

and, by contraction,

formed ala,
//,
(, etov, same as
Th.
a
nail
;
0,

is

Hence
name of a

to fret,

blood.

driven in.

,,

yij,

id.

beget, to produce,

From

by Aphae-

vid. ante,

1.

f.

to

fasten

icith

round swelling, which

form, resembles the head of a nail.

because a nail

is

a nail.

is

,
,,

which, in

its

through, to transfix, to pierce; fut. 1.

to 2^ass

Adv. on

the other side

,
,
,
,
,
:

e.

sweet,

Th.

pa, pov, the other, 247

vid. ante,

1.

1.

to speak.

1.

,, ,
, ,

to rise,

rush; Th.

up, to spring

to rise

to excite, to raise.

ind. act.

,
,

and clearly sonorous

tXa, v, sharply

orator

who

Th.

6,

,
,,,,

an assembly,

,,
,,

from

to

Att.

,
,,

,
,

orator, a speaker;

to

a,

honey

', , ,

Pylos, a

tlie

hence

,,

a bee

f.\.

Compar.

from
tofow,
3 sing, imperf. But

if

to

or

, ,
as

for

town of

Th.

Hence

and Ion.

,
,
-, ,

honey, any sweet wine.

',

1.

language;
is derived 249
whole tongue is voluble and flexible.

-. ,,,
,

take care of, to attend to.

sweet ;

Superl.

f.

the tongue, speech,

break, for

melodious eloquence; Th.

harangue.
the Fylians ; Th.
Messenia, where Nestor reigned.

poet,

from
and
3 sing. aor. 1.

hence an epithet of an

same as
a haranguer, an
bv,

, the art of haranguing,

icith

iip ;

248

shrill, creaking ;
speaks with a clear and agreeable voice
f. 1.
to sound clearly and sharply ; hence
. 1.

id.

to address

,,

Nestor, son of Neleus, and king of Pylos.

sweetly-speaking, melodious; from
icf

6,

and

f.

to

perf.

one of the two.

1.

f.

and

perf. pass,

aor. 2.

aor. 1.

i.

affects the toe,

callous,

24

15.

1.

to send,

1.

f.

,,, ,,, , , .,

also the

245

to.

id.

',

8,

sore,

tearing or scratch.

Prep.
JJpo-i and ori. Dor. and Ion. for
and
the earth; Th.

resis of

243

to fall.

to glide,

'&,

f.

wine mixed

,,

to fall;

1.

perf.

',

tpoijKa, Alt.

,,
', ,
,,

speak, to say

perf. pass,

speech., discourse

and

250

KEY TO HOMER.

38

1.

f.

from

avcc'ao,

f.

1.

to

speak; Th.

to

cry icith a loud voice.

to shout, to

aor. 1. pass. if)pr]^i)i>,

;
the word sometimes deHerodotus says, that a hundred
years contain three
others, in this sense, reduce the ytvta to
a period of thirty years.
Hence it appears to be a determination of
time, taken from the period which generally elapses between the birth
of a child and a grandchild. Th.
i^ , having an articulate voice; an epithet, properly, of man, because man alone has by nature,
cttu
a voice formed to
articulate Avords and syllables, and sin/ple letters.
Th.
to
divide, and
the voice ; which comes from
to speak.
Some
prefer deducing the origin of
from the confusion of languages
which took place at the building of the tower of Babel, and the subsequent dispersion of mankind over the world.
a man ; from
Adv. upicurd,
to
a,
t^
look, and
the countenance ; according to Ovid,
" Man looks aloft, and, with erected eyes,

Tcvea,

race, generation, progeny

notes a determined space of time.

,',

'

things ivhich he sees.

his

clining upward,

,, .
,,
f.

1,

. ,,

and

Th.

consumed.

1.

3',

cate;

Boeot. for

aor. 2. pass.

The

3",

from the

Adv.

^^^, which

future of this verb

fut. of

,
,,

,, ,
,
,
,,
,,
;

as

very,

Th.

Prep, before.

may

7],

3 plur.
be distinguished by the as-

Ion.

to turn.

or unaspirated vowel, aspirate the

for the loss of the aspirate of the

&ic.

very divine, excellent, remarkable ; from ayav.

divine ; or from
i?,) and

(a being changed Ion. into

bv, good.

254

comes

aspirate as characteristic of the present,

and beginning with a smooth mute,

compensate

present

3 plur. perf. pass.

to destroy, \vhich

before, formerly

initial of the first fut. to

Adv.

also intransitive!}',

aor. 2. trpatpov, to nourish, to bring up, to edu-

N. B. Verbs having an

252

Ion. for

to slay.

f.

pirate

hereditary skies."

destroy, to slay, to take oicay

waste away

to perish, to be

from

own

from
a
he contemphiies ihoe
Others form the word from avo) psjrojv, in-

Plato deduces

to perish, to

" Beholds

',

',

->

251

^,

three.
third ; Th.
same as
an Interjection, denoting indignation, or soralas
row, or great astonishment, or any other emotiSn of the mind
a word of lamentaIt is formed from
strange !
uonderful !
to the gods, as if
tion.
After Homer, some applied the term
is

,, , , , ,
i.

e.

death of friends

,
;

grief, sorrow, properly that

from

suffering, calamity, inisfortune

(as

Th. naaxoj.

caused by the
depth, from

which

is

',)

,
^,
,
,

ILIAD
icog,
a/crt

',
,"
e.

the farces " Grecian

on account of

vid. ante,

\'id.

-aioi,

19.

f.

1.

to rejoice

,,
;

same as

iinay

from

It takes its tenses

3 sing. aor.

Hence

from

boast, to exult, as

/?.

39

. 235.

where he calls
eiFeminacy and in-

2. ante.

1.

to come, to arrive, to reach.

1.

hence, in

their

,
.
,
,
,,
, , ,

activity.

a feminine epithet
yvvalKer, sickri

y, Grecian,
i.

A'.

1.

opt.

-,

",

Th.

tog,

',

.
',
.
',
,,,,,., ,
'.
,,
, ,, ,
(ov

vid. ante,

of

iiiid.

1.

Ion. for
158.

1.

f.

3 plur. aor. 2. opt. 256

understand,

to hear, to

inquire, to ask

1:tiow, to

255

to, Joii.

he-informed, to

to

257

aor. 2.

3 plur. aor. 2. opt.

engage in close combat, to fight uith animositii, to conIt is the middle form of the obsolete verb
iend.
Verbs of
this class do not follow the regular form of
in the pres. subj.
in the subj. has
and hence
but
[Some derive this verb from
(Th.
a lamb,) to make a covenant 6iy the
not, and
signified to contend ivith that degree
slaying of a lamb, as
of auiiuositii which precludes the possibility of a reconciliation and cove-

^{,

Ion. for

to

^,,

Ion. for

?<'i.]

remain, to survive.
258
younger, junior ; Compar. of
a, ov, new, 259
ov, 6, a youth ;
, id.
more excellent, superior, properly in war ; Th. 260
^

to be above, to excel, to

a,

Hence

fresh.

&,

01*,

*Ap/iC, Mars, u-ar.

"H, and poet,

, Adv.

1.

f.

fellow-soldier, to

Hence

than.

id.

properly a military term, signifying

be a 261
serve together with ; hence, to have intercourse with,
is

',

,, ,

an army appointed
to be conversant with ; from
a, ,
Adv. together,
for battle, an army, an assembled multitude ; Th.
a band of soldiers, which comes from
and
to roll, to
.' liher into a round body,
to collect.
to live or conHence
rse icith.

,
and
and

6,

is

/.

,,

,
',

the

f.

1.

to

value

beard of corn, or

,
, ,,

and

, ,
f.

1.

for tjQkpi'Cov.

Tola,

, 6,

such

to

despise, to neglect;

ru which remains

swept away along with the

5,

,
,

little, to
i/ie

chaff, the

warm

from

after threshing,

dry stalk ; Th. a, intens.

3 plur. imperf. Ion.

such

262

as.

aThessalian chief, son of Ixion, and hus- 263

band of Hippodamia, the daughter of Adrastus.
, Oryas, a chief of the Lapithae, in Thessaly.
rcoa,
lloijUiyv,
, a shepherd : from kv Ty
from
as if
a sheep, and
ass, pasturage ; or
is a title not only of any
io icish earnestly, to seek.
great chief, but also of any principal leader, who has many men
placed under him.
Piritlious,

'.
,

,
,

40

264

,
,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

,
,
,,

Cfcneus,
Vid. Ovid. Metam. XII.
Exadius, an ancient hero of the Lapithae.
equal to a god, godlike ; from
6 Kj
which, in
composition, denotes comparison and equality, and

b,

time of Pirithous.

265

',

make

t^rj,

,
,

death,

266

Theseus, son of

very like

,,

like.

), immortal

i^

,
,

iEgeus and ^thra.

from
like,

from

a, priv.

,,

he, she, that; frequently

from

terrestrial;

r/,

,
,. ,
,,
,

icf

dwelling in the mountaiiis

Th.

", ,

Adv. from

,,

cvbc,

from

Th.

, ,

to he

and far distant land

foreign

name

here used as a proper

,,

a mountain, and

afar, at a distance from, vid. ante,

lov, remote, distant.

has generally the signification of

rj,

of Peloponnesus,

1.

Dai.
to lie,

30.

absent i

but

it

seems

so called from

to

be

",

,
,
,,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
",
., .
^,
,
. ,
^,,
, .', ,
,
,
idog, or

271
272

ov,

to

, a wild beast, a centaur ; ^Eol. for /}, , id. Th,

run.
The change of into <p is not only ^Eol. but also Att.
Dat. plur.

<^,

pi. Ion. for

270

they imply some

and

the earth.

268

Th.

^>,

and

in the object referred to.

ov,

lived in the

by Metathesis.

for

and
degree of eminence

who

Polyphemus, one of theLapithas,

a, 6,

,,

^.

6, Apis, son of Phoroneus.

according to my ability or poiver,

or

Kara

a, 6

i^j

7},

irith all

flowing, nnstable, tottering, mortal

a mortal, a man. Th.

to

flow,

(/3

my

strength.
sc.

being prefixed ^ol.) as

nothing is more changeable than man. But/3jo'rof, ov, b, defilement

u-ith gore; hence
f. 1.
to defile with gore, to pollute.
3 sing. pres. opt.
Vid. ante, 1. 8.
, Ion. for

273

ijg,

ante,

f.

274
275
276

1.

, advice;

Ion. for
allow

to jyermit, to

aor. 1.

iov, or

force.

'.

Vid.

a, b

i^j

rj,

hostile

signifies

icj

,,

pose, stiitably.

and

,,

to participate

Hence

&,.

Att. for

148.

Adv. against; from avTitiog,

and
strength,
; Th.

451.

by Metath.

sceptre,

id.

also, to cease, to leave, to let alone, X.

to divide;

279

plur.

imperat. of

and

ia,

/3, Gen.

3 plur. imperf. of
same as
to understand, to hear.
Dor. for

1.

imperf.

278

Ion. for

5.

sceptre-bearing

perf. mid.
and,
fate; and in-line 286,
to the. pur

from

ILIAD

,,

Kv^OQ,

le
i'

to

hence

which are esteemed superior

possessors of

denotes

,,

,,
Tt'ivaro, (or lysiuaro, from

tyHvyv,

forth, to beget.

and by Sync,

aor. 1. oi

\.

^,
", , ,
',

dismiss, to lay aside.

,,

,
,

fence, barrier,

defence,

with an aspirate, and poet,

cast into prison.
But
with a tenuis,

,
,
,,

remove.

and imperf.

to be

also,

ind.

,
,
properly,

a signal

Th.

it

id.

bulwark

Th.

e.

bring

to

e.

i.

to restrain,

to

280

281

to

283

or

284

guard,

to

to forbid, to prohibit

tip-

used only in the pres. ind. the part,

command any thing by giving 289

to rule over; Th.

give a sign, or

788.
hence generally, to command,
a sign, an omen, a banner, a tomb.

the

291

,, ,,
,
",
,
,
,
.
,
,
,,

292

to set

out to view, to promise, to give

present for

as

if

the verb were

is

'\~]. Adv. by interrupting the speech of another

to

put under or below

metaphorically,

speaking.

MiXoq,

bv, timid, cowardly

Th.

^,

f.

to

1.

without contraction, for

',

pass, of

from

from

interrupt one xvhile

to fear,

f.

vid. ante,
for

poet, for

mid.
104.
tpyov.

294

enjoin; vid. ante,

295

submit, io obey

to yield^ to

1.

1.

, and Ktv.

you may have spoken, 2 sing. opt. aor. 2. of

and

25.

-,

to order,

comma)id,

to

for -ov, Ion. imper. pres.

to

mid.

to be.

'

taking away, part. aor. 2. of

ov, (in prose

,
',
',

,)

bv,u-ilUng, voluntary, as

]on. for

293

sing. opt. pres.

to call.

1.

f.

nau

1.

i.

poet, for irXtioGi, Dat. pi. of

Compar. of
poets form the Dat. pi. from the Xom. pi. by adding in.
Ion. for
inf. aor. 2. oi
to lay down,

The

to

-,
,

,
,

y, a mother

to seek, to desire earnestly, to cherish.

tliat state,

and worthy

to others,

reverence.

~uo,

Th.

glory, honour, dignitu, pre-eminence.

to salute reverently

kiss,

41

A'.

to hold, to

poet, for

adhere.

if

univilling.

Th. a,

the participle, aor. 2.

Some

derive

it

pi. subj. aor. 2. of

from

301

and
which

,',
priv.

to yield.

-,

302

from the future

303
/ will Join togeiher, connect, the breathing being changed .Eol. and the
iota inserted Ion.
bv, swift, and (by prefixing
Hence
an intensitive particle,)
pa, pbv, very swift ; quicklymoving, v. 93.
to burn, (because blood is the
Tb, blood; from
and
/iat, whence
source of animal heat,) perf. pass,
and is geneis formed
which, because at before

Adv. forthwith, immediately, <^ickly

,,

rally aspirated,

^,
\,,

,,

,^

',

becomes

43

,
,
,
, , ,

KEY TO HOMER.

,,

which from

from

to see.

borne iciih force, to fiow,

to he

57, Th.

to repel, v.

if

and

1.

f.

to leave

bv, black, as

priv.

to fiow.

[Some

to

Gen.

TO,

and

move, to retire,

derive

y, the earth, as if it signified

to slide aicay or floio from the ground.']

,,

aiva, av, id.

it

from tpa,

by Metathesis,

&c. the

,, ,
,,, .
,
'
, ,
,
,
,
,
,, ,
,,
,
, , ',
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
, , ,

long round piece of wood on tchich the iron of a spear is fixed, a spear, a
Javelin, properly, a long piece of timber stripped of the bark ; hence,
the tree itself, from which spear-handles can be cut: Th.
to
strip, to bark.
Some derive it from
an oak.
30-3

for

,',

vp.

Ion. and poet, for

ov, same as
to four substantives, viz. to

denotes

as if

307
308

du. aor. 2. ind. of

43

^,
', ,

tip, to rise

306

,
3

to

pi. aor. 1. ind. act. oi

The

equal.

poet applies this epithet

AVith
it
and

where every one receives an equal portion

equal on each side;

i]

stand

every where equal, on account of its rotundity ;

equal or
corresponding to a noble external form. Th.
vid. ante, 1. 163.
, Patroclus, son of Menoetius.
poet, for
3 sing. aor. 1. ind. act. of
to draw forward, to launch.
ante, 1. 141.
f. 1. tvw, to separate,
to put aside, to select, to divide into
heads ; as
is put for
from
the head.
Hence
are several metaphorical significations, to judge, to condemn, &c.
twenty ;
id.
for
3 sing. aor. 1 of
to send on board ;
also, to go on board.
3 sing. aor. 1. ind. of
vid. ante, 1. 48.
very prudent; from
/^
?'/, deliberation, counsel, prudence
and
for
Th,
;
f. 1.
io deliberate prudently
or
f. 1.
to sail ;
3 sing, imperf. of

\.

309

310
.311

312

^,,

,,

,
,
,

to sail over.

,
,
,

pop,

for a passage

s,

r),

aicay

by water

to go.

313

to

f.

,,
.,
purify

1.

f.

also, in a

wash

to do, to

316

basin.

6,

Avith the

,,
, ,
.,

whence

neut, plur. chiefly used

Th.

f.

to cleanse, to

which comes from

to

change of

perfect, choice;

tt)

^
^,
;

for

a, 6

rain

1.

make

clean,

Th.

to corrupt, to injure, to lay waste.

because tv

labour

to

wash away filth,

the off-scouring, filth

by Metathesis from
imp. poet,

to

bad sense,

Hence

315

',

,,

", ,,
, ,.,
to

,.,8.
Th.

7noist, ivet.

water.

Th.

sacrifice

into

,,,

uifruitj'ul, barren, sterile

''

or

heaitombs

"Epcov, 3

pi.

the end.^

from a, priv. and

,
,
,

,
,
,
,
,, ,
t),

trollable,

fruit ;
566.

the harvest,

Pliny, as

ILIAD

or

we can

from wliich

if

from

1.

f.

e.

i.

1.

f.

43

A'.

,,

because

no

collect

gather in
iidtv
Or, according to

gather grapes

to

it is

fruit.

, {,

to distress, to

to

'

that

whose

force

uncon-

is

weaken.

. 1.
to roll, for
from
and Att.
turn, to roll, to involve, to close, to drive into a strait, to heap up;

or

to agitate,

mid.

part. pres.

Th.

a, 6, smoke.

to

turn with a rapid whirl

,, , ,
, ,

,,

, breath,

burn, and irvoi),

to

of uind f which comes from

blast

to breathe.

1.

f.

to take care of, to labour, to execute with zeal and despatch;

the middle form is most used.
Hence
i^
poor,
needy ; and
ov, 6, labour. Th.
Ion. for
vovTO, 3 pi. imperf. mid.

'

1.

Ion. for

210.

'7;7/;',

3 sing, imperf. of

3 sing. aor. l.ind. of

\,^ .
,
, , ,

against.

Talthybius, a herald of

a,

317

hence

;,

f.

1.

f.

;,

1.

Agamemnon's

313

vid. ante,

319

to threaten

from

^--

320

Xev

,
,
', ,

Another,
Eurybates, a herald of Agamemnon's.
184.
The word is formed
from ivpv
to speak so as to be heard at a distance.
by Systole, for
321
3 pi. imperf. of (..
a crier, a herald, an ambassador :
Xom. du.
Th.
a voice ; which is from
to cry out ;
or

,, ,
,
,
,
,
-, ,
,
,

-, ,

as

same name, was Ulysses' herald,

of the

whence

if

-.

and

,,,

pa, pbv, quick, assiduous, diligent, active ;

du.

Th.

to incite, to

6,

Hence

,,

care of.

for

^,

infin. for

Xoxn.

Nom.

and

imperat.

' ,, , ,
^ ,
,
Att. for

,
,^,

to order.

an attendant, a servant
to.
Th.
f.

attend

to

to cherish, to take

encourage,

3 sing. 2 aor. opt of

to

du.

warm,

323
ffi

being 324

added Ion.
to be stiff with cold, to shudder with fear, to be 325
and
a:<toniihed
extreme coldness, harshness ; which is
horn
put for
to be rough or dreadful ; hence piytov,
Th.
neuter, as if from the Compar. piy'n>^v, colder, harsher, more horrible:
hence
Superl.
326
to send forward ; imperf.
3 sing, imperf. of
:

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, ^, .,. ,
,
,
,

,,

or

Dor,

if

du. aor. 2. ind.

for

they came, 3 du. aor. 2. mid. of

,
,

takes

its

tenses from the obsolete

tofnd by

aor. 2.

to investigate.

Ion. for

fut. 1.

search, to discover

Th.

fut. 1.

to seek,

,,

3 sing. aor. 1. ind. of

tremble j from

to fear, to

or

-/,

327
328
329

to rejoice.

33Q

ro, stu-

331

,
.,
,
,
',
,
,
',
,
,
,-' ,
by Sync,

p(yr,fea)\

^^,

for

id.

Th.

rify, to discompose, to agitate.

Xom.

reverencing,

they stood

to speak,

to

",

declare

nearer,

address, to salute,

,,

accost;

to

voice.

f.

\,

1.

to

hear

to bear,

to

Dor.
to go.

, , ,
,

iCj

one who

in

is

fault, blameahle.

Th. oItloq,

vid.

153.

7^, ,
-,

ante,

nearer, next.

plur. imperat. pres. of

I.

sprung from Jove, nohle, illustrious

Vocat. sing.
f.^

and

and

6,

Patroclus, son of Menoetius.

,
,,
Gen.

,,,. ,
,

Vocat.

,,

iritness

Th. cwy

names compounded of
Dat.

Th.

,,,
,,

,,
, , ,
,

and

inflected with a double

is

Crasis, as are also other proper

,
,
333

from

which comes from lyyvQ, near.

id.

^Eol. for

", 2

337

',

for

and

lience

to ter-

to fear, to

which Eustathius deduces from

carry.

335

to

3 plur. imperf. ind. Th.

iij
messenger ; from
,

a message,

dhtuih,

2. ind. Ion. for

clu. aor.

\.

f.

334

to

du. part. pres. oi

reverence.

332

,,
,
,,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

44

Xom.

,,
;

6 Ace.
Itund

for ancient

witnesses gave their testimony with uplifted hands.

, ,',
let

339

them be
6

t>

Kf

cp

^, ,

derive

340

'

it

3 du. imperat. of

in presence

, happy'.
i.

from

kj

of the gods.

Th.

not, and
fate ; as one
not subject to death.
[Some

rejoice.']

e.

,
,
., -

cruel, liarsh, unmerciful

which, in

from

composition, has frequently a negative force, and

merciful,

from

341

good. Gen.

to praise,

,
),
,,

praise

,
,, ,

Th.

] .

180. and

f.

1.

make

unirortlnj,

necessity, need, occa-

iifensive,

48S. Th. a, priv. and

^.

Ion. for

2.

, 03,

to rage,

699. Th.

.,

nifies also, to

343

bv, pernicious;

vid. ante,

f.

for

unsuitable,

119.

1.

,,

from unruly horses.

', , ,

ceedingly great, pitiable,

vid. ante,

if

advantage.

formed from tv, i. e.

Others derive
far from
ts

is

or

not yielding to the curb, metaphorically,

and

342

as

or b

sion, use, utility,

'

for

and

icithin,

mild, gentle,

to be roused,

1.

7,

to be
f.

iase

toi.vi, it is

Dat.

hurried on
to run.

also

i?.r-

becoming
pj.

icit/i

fem.

force
sig-

Hhaiio7is, to offer voivs to the gods, to sacrifice.

to think, to

the mind, to be wise,

to see,

to

understand,
foresee;

to

consider,

to revolve in

aor. 1. inf, act,

from


ILIAD

A'.

the mind. Th.

i. e.
(v8f,) ov,
quicker or more changeable than the mind.

,
,)
oJ
', .
,
is

", Adv.

same time.

at once, at the

-,)

(for

Adv.

icj

Adv. behind,

(for

, ,

',

Prep.

to follow.

3 sing, imperf. of

for

obey.

aor. 2. riyov, Att.

Th.

Th.

hereafter.

denotes

"Ay ,

move, as nothing

before, in time past.

denotes

45

.,
to

^yayov

vid. ante,

'

99.

1.

to

345

ciyayi

346

by Tmesis and Ion. for f7]yay.

a woman. Th.
to conceive, to bring forth ; perf. 348
ysyova' as if
yovvi), and, by rejecting o, yvvt), which borrows
all its cases from the obsolete yvvai'^,
yvvai, &c.

yvoa,

",.
^,
Aaicpvfii,

,
.
,

1,

f.

weep

to cry, to

Adv. immediately,

,
,,, ,,

a tear.

quickly, suddenly;

311. from

,,, , ,,
,, ,
,, ,,
,
, ,, .
,.
swifter

breathing

tive

as

if

Adv. apart,
particle, and

.,

f.

separately

from

vr) or vb,

an inseparable nega-

to follow.

to agitate,

remove quickly,

to

perf.

349

hence
by an ^Eolic change of the

to

move quickly

to turyi aside

,,

pass,

aor. 1. pass.

f.

1.

part,

bv, iihite, hoary ; splendid, i. 366.

the sea is so called 350
on account of the foam of its waves.
Opoo)v, poet, for
hv.
having the colour of wine, somewhat black;
6
from
ov, b, tcine, and
>), appearance.

',

,,

icj

and

f.

1.

^,

Hence
for.
V, anger.

sire, to wish
flQ,

3 sing. aor.
, b

for

little,

little:

somewhat,

f.

to stretch, to extend

.,

1. of

r),

vid. ante,

1.

lasting for a short time;

hence

to

to desire, to

also,

vvb,

Att.

used

when speaking

but,

for

352

Adv. by a

applied to animate things,

of things inanimate, for

,, ,, ,, . ,,
",
,
,, ,
',
,
,
,
,
is

351

35.

from

lessen,

v^ery little.

to de

contend; and

or

Ace. sing. masc. part,

f.

1.

f.

1.

owe ; in the second

and followed by an infinitive,

, ),,

to

increase,

to assist,

from

Poet, for

and

aor. 2. Ion. for

to

frem
with the particles

this for

aorist,

signifies

it

benefit;

it

is

353

that!

used sometimes

for

to owe.

liand.

Th.

f.

1.

or

,,

give, as

ov, b, loud-thundermg

(hence

BpouTt),

high,)

fJQ, 7),

it

were, into the hollow of the

the hollow of the hand, a cavity.

and

to

from

',

rb, height,

sound, to make a noise

hence

thunder.

neui. taken adverbially,

little,

very

little,

from rv-9bc,

354

46

,,

,
,
,,

,,

KEY TO HOMER.

,,

hence, little, young, Th.

,,
ij, a nurse.
part. aor. 1. Ion. for
356
from
or
f. 1.
to take axcay ; which verb is formed ^Eol. from
l>eing changed into v, and the aspirate being rejected.
Or
may be the Ionic part, by Sync, for
horn
f. 1.
to separate ; for
is Ion. for
a boundary; whence the
verb
maybe used for
and from it the part,
formed by Syncope.
357'
shedding tears; from
a
properly,

siichiiig

a breast, a pap

infant

hence

,
.^, , ,

,
,,
and

pour,

to

mid.

to shed,

Th.

lov, venerable, aicful, honourable.

applied to one

who

perf.

be supplicated with the act of

is to

,
'
,
,
,

prostration; hence

to supplicate.

e.

i.

.',

found syncopated
kc,
depth, bottom; from
id. as from
formed
by Pleonasm of , and

&cc. are frequently

,
,

is

350

,
-', -, ,,,,, , ,, , ^,,,

tear,

358

,
,,
,

',

changing a into .
Adv. siviftlii, speedily, immediately ; from
6 )
Th.
swift, which is put for

,,

f.

1.

or ^oj, to seize quichly, to snatch.

2.

,.

someumes

emerge,

to

Th.
HvTs, and, by

or

to

', ,'
,
,

to

draw back

go under,

Adv.

Diicresis,

a mist, a cloud

,,

3 sing. aor.

to enter, to

for

from

put on.

as.

together,

and

to

a rolling together of moist particles into

one body
and the insertion of strengthens the word, so as to mark
a greater density for it denotes a very dense fog, which involves
every thing around in darkness: or it may be rather derived from

roll, as if oyua
;

,
,
,,

}),

360

darkness, mist, obscurity,

Adv. before, before

and
an Adverb both of place and time.

id.

361

,,

this verb is

f.

1.

to stroke sootliingly icith

whence

syncopated into

that,

formerly

the hand,

from

soothe

to

the French caresser,

and our verb to caress. [Many Greek words seem to have been introduced into the Gallic tongue, by the Marseillois and other Greek colonists.] Th.
vid. ante, 1. 147.
to call by name, to name; from
f. 1.
and
to give, to attribute ;
a name, which some derive from

,
',
,,

because a peculiar name is given to every individual but others deto assist, because things are known by the use
duce it from
'
3 sing,
of names.
by Tmesis and Ion. for

',

imperf.

362

,,

to

ov, TO, a son, a daughter, an offspring or progeny.

bring forth.

,,

, on what account

for

,,
or

'),

f.

1.

ment: but
f. 1.
from
because the heart
for ai
2t

,)

to weep,
from
Eustathius deduces
sometimes broken by grief.

to

'.
is

why

Th.

(as

if

break.

to la-

ac,

ILIAD

A'.

47

, ,
,
,
',
^,
-,
, , ,,
,
^,
,
,
,
,,
1.

f.

speak out. Th.

to

and

1.

f.

cry with a loud voice.

f.

to hide

may

1.

make one

to

hence

eog,

Ion. for

any thing

down.

lie

from

',

know.

groan. 364
to draw, to

I.

{.

bv, strait, narrow, contracted, (from

hence

to

ov, 6, a groan, a sigh.

poetically for

, why?

, , and

Vid. ante,

u-herefore?

Dat. sing. fem. part.

to know.

from

make one

1 plur. subj. pres. of ttcw, to see, to

groan deeply

to

Th.

to

363

to press doicn, to conceal,

a subterraneous place in tchich

Th.

be concealed, a cavern.

stretch)

lie in secret,

to

1.

362.

by Syncope

perf.

365

for

There are three cities of 366

Thebes.
one was in Boeotia, built by Cadmus it appears to have been in ruins at the time of the Trojan war.
Another Thebes
in Asia
this was the city whence Achilles led
Chrj-seis captive.
The third Thebes was in Egypt, famous for its extent'and wealth
vid. t. 381
384.
ai

name mentioned by

this

the poet

,,

,
,
,
,
,
,,
'
,
,
. ,
- , ^ ,',
',
.
',
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
^,
,

)) ', ,
,
,
,
,
,,,
'
', ,
;

Ettion, father of
Achilles, at the taking of Thebes.

Ion. and poet, for

divide, to distribute.

'

select

1.

i^

brass,

and

tunic,

which

371

close

and in quick

TO lyyiov or

Compar.

tyyt'wv,

Hj

y,

or

Adv. every where,

vid. ante,

^Eol. for

the

so7i

Gen.

6,

, ,

or

its fut.

31.

2.

from

1.

Th.

ncig.

7.

a, ov, new, fresh,

ante.

for

',

and, by MetaGun.hog, and

Adv.
Ace. tvv and vvv, good, handso7ne, brave. Hence
Also
happily, but in composition, easily or prosperously.
brave! well done!

387
391

393
2 sing, impcrat. aor. 2. mid. of
to take charge
from

defend.
and Ion. r)rg,&cc.

thesis,

384

Briseus, the father of Briseis. 392.

vid.

Ion. for

which borrows

'. ante,

of Atreus.

sing. Ion. for

of, to assift, to aid, to

1.

in every direction, entirely.

neut. taken adv. lately, recently

recent.

381

denoting
383
numerous
is a form of

and

near,

3 sing, imperf. of

",

, , may be

Or

succession, frequent, heaped

/,

vid.

Ty

^j

Compar. in the neuter from

Adv.

\-

because

icj

icell,

369

formed from

is

42.

",

368

to take off, to

arvied with a brazen tunic; from

:, ,

poet, for ijv, 3 sing, imperf. of

considered as the regular imperfect of
a poetic word, formed of

the

of

125.

aor. 2. of

for

3 sing. perf. pass, of

and

1.

by

slain

as superior.

,,,
.\.

3 plur. acr.

Vid. ante,

by Tm.esis

He was

Andromache.

, ,,, ,
,,
,
.

KEY TO HOMER.

48

394
395

address icith a suppliant voice, to supplicate,

to

2 sing, imperat. aor.

implore;

"Ov///it,

1.

aor. 1.

1.

f.

. 47.

id.

to aid,

to jnease,

gratify:

to

purchase, to buy.

to

396

1.

f.

to

before a consonant

before a vowel, frequently.

Th.
Meyapuv, ov,
a large dwelling, a palace ; it denotes at large,
any habita.tion not subterraneous, having the same origin as
not, and
great
from
the earth.
2 sing, imperf. of
/o\. for
to say.
397
i^ ), this word may be taken either in an active

,,

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
^,
^^,
, ,
,

^,

", ,
:

or passive signification

in the former

black clouds, tempest-stirring

from

black,

a negative particle, and

Att. for
399

But
to

401

light.

1.

f.

a, 6,

middle form
hence the impersonal

occasion,

is

bind together. Th.

to

whence

in the

to need, to be far from

,",

to tie

and

1.

f.

want,

sary, there

400

to bind,

a dense cloud, which from

and

, , ,,
, ,
and

denotes formtngf or producing

a black colour :

it

in the latter, appearing of

or

', ,

2 sing. aor.

Ion. for

1.

,
^,

f.

1.

a band or bond.
1.

f.

it

is

neces-

),

Neptune.
mid.

f.

1.

to loose, to release.

402

Adv.

speedily, quickly

,.

^,
,

from

cope, for

it is

,,,

properly the neut. plur. by Syn-

Gen.

on account of the following aspirate.

r), hundred-handed
s,

,
403

icj

,
,
,
, ,,
,

and

(,

a, ov, long, lofty, high, deep.

Att. for

6,

ov,

JEgeon. Th.

-,

and

'Yo'JJ,
f.

remember,

f.

1.

near or by.

to

,,,,,
run.
1.

<,

,,

a, ov,

dread, to fear.

'

part,

aor. 1. ind. pass.

,
,

and by Metath.

from
by Tmesis for
it

to

2 sing, imperat. of

Gen.
[Some deduce

TO, the knee:

to

^.

to break, to

sit

Th.

bend.]

aor. 1. inf. act. of

bear assistance, to succour.

the stern of a sliip, thejwop, by Synec. for tl)e wliole
bv, furthest, most remote, extreme ; which
to

Th.
comes from
the cables by which a ship
ship.

Hence

perf. ind. pass,

Ion. for

409

eternity.

remind, to fix frmly in the mind;

mind, to think. Th.

',
,
' ',
f.

Briareus, a giant having a

ov, part. pres.

to

1.

aor. 1. act.

408

for

yavpia'j), to exiilt vauntingly.

to call to

to hasten, to

Dor.

,
,
,
,, , , ,

,,
,,
proud

a hundred,

strong or robust.

to be

>, ,

to exult

elate,

406
407

Th.

TO, length, height.

,
, ,
,

from

a hand.

hundred hands. Th.

404
405

&c. swift ;

,
is

end, extremity.

moored

')) yy -

Hence r

to the land,

, , , , ,,
,
,
,, ,,
,
', , , ',
,,, ,
.
, ,
-,
',
,
,
,
'
., ,
,,,, , , ,
,,
, ,
,

,
,
,
,
(
,, , , .)
.
,
,, ,, , ,,,
.", , , ,
ILIAD

by Sync,

49

A'.

infin. aor. 1. of dXeio, or Att.

for

317. Some make tXaai the syncoor

f. 1.
infin. aor. 1. of
to
pated form of
drive, to push forward, to incite ; also, to drive away, to strike.
Prep, governing a Gen. Dat. and Ace. for, on account of,
about, concerning, around.
shut up, to confine. A'id. ante,

1. evu),

f.

whence

another form,

and

tage

to touch,

,,

. 216.',

,,,

vid.

a.s

advan3 plur.

pres. of

412
413

to enjoy, to derive

1.

391.
an arrow,
id.
and
ante, 1. 223, under
by Tmesis for

pres. subj.

Kara

kill, to

id.

f.

graze

to

to

whence

properly signifies, to

for

kill ;

e.

i.

make one lie 410

Od.
6cc. all which forms signify, to
make one lie down. There is also

perf.

2.

f.

dead; formed from

1.

part.

pour down, to shed.

Aha, neut. plur. taken adverbially for
unhappily, grievously, 414
with an evil fate ; from
bv, grievous, hard, severe; Th. ai,
alas !
id.
AiVof may be considered as syncopated from
to

^,

part. fem. aor. 2. of

Adv.

'. ante,

1.

and followed by an

a,

for

415

t),

infinitive.

without tears, tearless. Th. a, priv, and

a tear.

Kj

priv.

bring forth.

, and hence

353, for the use of these adverbs, joined to the

second aorist of

to bear, to

at Dor. for

that! would that!

and

y, unhurt, free from injury or calamity

,,

great

evil.

Th.

i.

e.

from a,

to suffer.

due portion, fate, lot, Jortune. Th.

i. e,
416
as if
because fate appoints for every one his
ttaa, always equal.
Or from
condition of life, and period of death.
a, hv, lusting, long; diud
Adv. long ; hence

to divide, to assign,

yap

plans, deliberations,

The substantive occurs

only in the plural form ; whence there is a doubt, whether the singular
the latter, however, appears to
ox
he TO
be the most received singular, being Ion. for
short fated, short-lived : from
quick, and 417
6 ^
vid. ante, 1. 278.
Th.
t),fate.
>), inisery,
pbv, unhappy, wretched; from
f. 1.
to bewail, to groan tvith sorrow,
toil. Th. 01, alas!
and

to be

wretched.

2 sing, imperf. of 418

by Sync, for
Vid. ante, 1. 284. and ;^. 281.
hence,
Tip", frequently taken adverbially and elliptically, for
therefore, for that cause, wherefore; toj without the accent is frequently
for
re -qt
used for
as in 1. 299, ante, rt
Dor.
which fre- 419
Toi, a particle derived from the Dative
quently is expletive ; truly, indeed, therefore.
delighting in thunder ; from
f. 1.
kj
Ion. for

,
,

, .

,
f

.
, (, . '
,,, ,
,
, ,, ,
,,
',,
, ,' , ,
,
,
,
KEY TO

50

,
bolt

420

please, and
s, b, lightning with thunder, a thunderwhich word is formed from
or
to consume, and avto,

',

to dry, to kindle, to

burn

AyavviipoQ,

'

, snow.

421

as

if

1.

f.

by or near

to sit

and

very snowy, snow-croivned ; from

Th.

,,

to

from

snow.

to sit

part,

pres.

s, 6

Uj

422

qiiick, swift, sicift-traversing ;

?},

Th.

ov, 6, a passage.

through,

to j^ass

Ion. for

from ojkvq and

to drive

through.

2 sing, imperat. mid. of

to desist from, to discontinue.

423

,,

Th.

tion.

-,
',
TS

424

and

Kj r),

burn, and

of yesterday

"/,

accompany,

1.

,,

, ,
',

125.

and

',

,, ,,
Prep,

,, ,,

for

i^

427

f.

1.

3 plur. imperf.

twelfth; from

two,

,,
,

Dor.

Th.

f.

to be present ivith.

and poetically
Ilori,

an /Ethiopian.

and
by Apocope,
f.

Th.

Adv. yesterday.

from

banquet.

feast,

a banquet, to feast ; vid. ante,

Ion. for

426

6,

,
,
^, ,
,

425

moand

the countenance, dia

'.

, ,,

to

its

quickly,

here denotes the Indian Ocean.

to flow.

to

from the rapidity of

the ocean, sea, so called

neut. plur. taken adverbially for

,,

prepare

1.

Th.

id.

ten.

to, at.

resting on a brazen foundation, firm

from

a foundation.

for

1.

to

vid. ante,

1.

18.

to clasp the knees in supplication,

to sup*

,
,
, , ,-

plicate earnestly.

428

AvTs,

(sc.

), ,
,,

Th.
thtov

verbially for

429

gird.

the knee.

totts, or re

or

,)

taken ad-

there, here.

}.

well-girded, fair, beautiful.

Ion. for

Th.

vid. ante, 1. 356.

3 plur. imperf. of
beb, a harbour, port, or haven ; from
cause ships in harbour remain undisturbed ; or contrasted with
because the water, in a good harbour, is not agitated by the
winds, as it is in the open sea.
" The word appears to express
deep.
b 19
variety of soundings, an idea probably not to be conveyed in an EngCowper. Th.
and
vid. ante, 1. 357.
lish epithet."
within, Th.
Prep.
vid. ante, 1. 19.
Ikovto, 3 plur. aor. 2.
a sail ; from
433
, , a mast ; vid. ante, 1. 31.

430
432

', ,
,
',
.
",
,, ,, ,,
,
,

, ,
,,
,
'

f.

1.

to

prepare, to

gird or tuck up, to furl. Th.

3 plur. aor. 1. ind. mid.

434

aad

r),

draw

together,

to

the receptacle of the mast, the crutch

to receive.

contract,

to

Ion, for

to appoint.

from

W-\'
OF

,
,,
1.

f.

near.

,
,
,

({UKIVjaBS

ILIAD .

;,

bring near,

to

to

Ion. for

, , and

TBE

draw

j^^W^fl^, <1.

tiear.

3 plur. aor.

1. ind.

extended
prow, and by the assistance of which the mast is
lowered, reclining towards the stern.
Th.
to stretch,
\.
to senddoicn, to lower; from
and

from the mast

,",

ov,

to the

',{.

the rope ivh'ich

is

''

,
,
"
. ,, ,)
,

part. aor. 2.

land, the

8,

ship''s

to incite, to

that part of a harbour ichere a ship

Th.

birth or station.

bring

1.

f.

[Some

to bind.

moored to the 435

push forward

a necklace,

signifies also,

to.

Th.

is

to

derive

a ship's station, from

(for
a stay or support, a prop, because a ship lies there supported, as it were, and propped up.]
3 plur. aor. 1. ind. Ion. and poet, for
vid. ante, i. 303. and 141.
y), a bed ; the den of a wild beast, X. 115. also, a. reclining
sometimes a tent, a tomb, an anchor. Th.
to sleep, as if

/,

',
', ,
,
),
',
,
', , , ,
,
^
,
,
,, )
,
r

the spirit being changed Ion. and

436

rejected.

the rope by which a ship

moored to the land,

409.
denotes properly, the land broken and torn up bu 437
the waves, hence the shore, the beach, also a breaker, a wave broken on
ov,

,
,
,
,

and

is

vid. ante,

1.

Th.

the shore.

Th.

the halser of a ship.

to break,

whence

and

id.

sea-traversing; irom

s,

the sea,

439

to pass.

, , the base or lower part

440
of a column, an altar. Th.
the basis on which the sacrifice is laid.
were (r)
with a Gen. above, over, for, by, 444
Prep, governing two cases
concerning ; with an Ace. beyond, over, against, besides.
for it

',
is,

as

it

',

,
, ,
^,

Th.
to groan.
445
by fame, renowned, excellent, choice, mug- 447
Th.
fame, glory; or
f. 1.
nificent, splendid.
to celebrate with fame, to mention with praise.
ill order, one after the other; formed Ion. from
id, Th. 448
,

tcj

r/,

mouriiful, lamentable.

,, ,

, bv, celebrated

,
,
,
,

f.

, icell-built

a,

f.

1.

',

'.

1.

f.

to

\.\,

to

from
;
and
wash the hands ; from
Ion. for

wash.

mid.

to build.

and

3 plur. aor.

449

1.

salted cakes, made of meal and salt, which used to

be sprinkled on the head of the victim, before it was sacrificed. Th.
Ion. for
ai, barley, (which is derived from
ov,
nXai,
tchole, because, before the use of the mill-stone, all sorts of corn v^ere
to pour.
somedressed with the grain entire,) and
times denotes the baskets from which the salted meal ivas poured; this

,
, ,,

latter signification

'\,
/V

Damn

word

greatlv, highly; so also

1.

to raise

neut. sing.

up

in this line.

?,

3 plur. aor. 2. mid.

neut. plur. taken adverbially for

for

f.

',

gives to the

to lift up, to raise

Vid. ante,

1.

78.

part. aor. 2. act.

450

,
,
,)',
,

KEY TO HOMER.

52

454

Ion. for

2 sing. aor.

1. ind. act.

of

honour.

"),

1.

-,

to fall,

(as

f.

so as to denote,

', ,

\,

to Jail

,
,

1. ind.

and

mid.

,
,
'
, ,, , ,
,'.,
,
,
' ' -,

460

,,, ,
it

and

,
^ ,,
, ,,
,
to

2.

conceal, aor.

from

from

Ion. for

Th.

",

to

to

icj

and

,
'.

sacrificed,

or

perf.

mid.

round,

from

(Th.

is

the head,')

/)

to dif.

1.

to invest,

and

or

the head.

or

1. ind.

and

to cut,

^. , ,\

to conceal, to hide.

id.

and

3 plur. aor.

hang down

or

,,, ,

to cover alt over, to tcrap

1.

f.

force,

it

"Itpao, Ion. for

an animal ulien

aor. 2.

perf.

461

id.

from

into di^'erent parts;

to conceal

e.

aor. 1. tdeipa, to flay, to uncover, to strip ; fut. 2.

perf. mid. okcopa. From the perf. pass, is formed

1.

to cut out, to cut xip

vide

formed from

i.

butcher, to lull.

hide; for which are used

id.

to cut the throat, to

'

f.

perf.

of

[Others form

tofall.'\

to cast out, to 2)oiir forth

1,

f.

hurt

, ^,
violence on one.

u-iih

takovTo, 3 plur. aor. 2. mid.

459
Av, Adv. hack, hackuard.
kill.

to injure, to

by prefixing the

if

missile weapon,

2 sing. aor.

458

and mid.

to

formed

whence

/, doubled; from

i. e. t^tfold
investing with a double caul (i. e. with fat
placed under and over,) the flesh which was to be burnt in the sacriafterwards, when they had cut off small pieces of flesh from all the
fice
other parts of the victim, they spread them in crude slices over the

twice,

1.

f.

to

thighs thus covered with fat, which

neut. plur. is taken adverbially.

was

called

.,,
,

to place or lay raw meat ; from

bv,
f. 1.
to place.
The small pieces of flesh were cut
raw, crude, and
from all the parts of the animal, and laid upon the thighs to be burned,
in order that the whole victim might appear to be offered to the gods.
a fragment of cleft wood, a billet, a faggot. Th.
462

,, ,,

, .( ,

f. 1.

Ion. for

to cleave, to split.

'-,

an epithet of brass and wine,

^] oh'n,)
shining, splendid, sparkling, warm, flaming ; as an epithet of wine it
Th.
to burn, to shine, to inflame.
is sometimes interpreted black.
or
Wine is so denominated, either because it is
6-, inflaming the
conveying heat; or from its effect,
countenance.
to pour upon or over, for the sake of libation ;
f. 1.
463
to pour, to drop, to make libation: hence
f. 1.
from
),
, a basin, a vessel into ivhich water may be poured ;
6

ic)

,
, ,
\,

' )^

',

,,

/,

^, ,^,
,
a libation; and

by Tmesis

for

Ion. and by AphiEresis, for

3 sing, imperf. act.

spit

\, ,
'

having five prongs proceeding from one

'^
,'^,
, ^
', , ,
ILIAD

63

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, ,
,
,
,',,
,
^
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,,
,
)
handle,

onasm

,,

and
comes from

five,

of o,

ov,

short spear

from

Javelin

vid. ante,

a bowel or entrail

1.

^.

for

which by a Ple-

42.

ra

the npp,:r

464

part of the entrails, as the heart, the lungs, the liver: frequently, the
not
s, 6 ^
heart, as appears from the compounds,
spirited; also, compashaving a heart ; and

Th.
, Dor.
moved ivith compassion.

sionate.
to be

to

),

hence

for

give to taste and to enjoy

to taste,

1.

f.

3 plur. aor. 1. mid. [This verb

483.) to possess;
be formed originally from the Hebrev word peii, the mouth.']

to eat, (t.

may

cut into very small pieces

to

Th.

3 plur. imperf.

, ,

by Tmesis

ind. of

1.

f.

f.

Adv.
Th.

very skilful.

465

little

3 plur. aor. 1.

for

to pierce, to transfix.

to roust

1.

Ion. for

Superl. of juiKoog, a, ov,

3 plur. aor.
from

skilfully, e.xpertly

1. ind.

kj

466

to deliberate carefully, to censider ac-

curately.

to 467
Ion. for
3 plur. aor. 1. ind. of
Vid. ante, 1. 192.
for
Ion. for
with an Ionic reduplication, and
to prepare ; the
f. 1.
3 plur. aor. 2. ind. mid. of
sometimes signifies to obtain, to participate ;
middle form,
is used only in the present and imperfect
(from

cease.

,
,
,,
,,

tenses.

to

vid. ante,

a feast

ive

125.

1.

daivvvT

imperf. mid.

,
,
,
, ,

^,

vid. ante,

Th.

drink.

to

meat, food. Th.

f.

to eat

1.

,,
,
, ,, ,
,
,, ,

468

134.

1.

or

],

and Att.

f.

perf.

1.

3 plur.

or

no other tenses of

IctjcoKa- pluperf.

Ion. for

3 sing, imperf. o(
r), drink, drinking.

Th.

to feast.

for

this verb ai-e

469

used in

the Active voice.

,.
',

tpov tvTO, by Tmesis for

to send away,
1,

f.

from

a, 6, love, violent desire

1.

Th.

to love.

to see

or from

speak, to say.]

3 plur. aor. 2. ind. mid. of

remove.

to

^Eol. for

, ),

id.

from

^ ., ,
;

[Some

to tie, to bind.

to

/,

flow into,

to

derive

rush in

or from

from
to 470
;
Boys crown'd the
so Virgil, ^En. i. 724. " Vina (i.e. pocula)
beakers high with drink
coronant."
Though some interpret " vina coronare," to crown the
Ion. for

,
Kspoi

mix.

',

goblet with flowers.

f.

1.

', ,

ofVii

f.

1.

6,

to fill to the

a cup, a goblet

brim.

Th.

to

surronnd,

to

3 plur. aor. 1. ind. mid.

to bestow, to assign, to distribute, to

administer, 471

54

KEY TO HOMER.

',
move,

to

shake

sometimes,

sign, to distribute, to feed

Ion. for

consider.

Th.

,
,

to inhabit, to

f.

1.

feed upon

to as-

--

3 plur. aor. 1. ind. act.

has nearly the same signification as
to begin, to take the first fruits ; in reference, however, not to the first fruits
ot a victim which were offered in sacrifice, (in which sense
is used,) but to the libations which every one made, by pouring
from the goblet a small quantity on the earth, before drinking
therefore signifies, having made libations or drinkojf'erings from the cups.
16
elsewhere denotes,
begin anew ; but this signification
does not occur in Homer.
and
a cup
poet, for
Dat. plur.
is for
I'h.
to give into the hand, and
to take in the hand ; as the cup was given from right hand to
right hand, by way of salutation thus,
ce
she took the cup from blooming Themis' hand, o. 87.
472
and
lov, during the whole day ; from
a day from
s, 6 ) ), gentle, mild, pleasant, delightful ;
because the day is agreeable in comparison to the night.
[Some derive
from
to desire, because men principally
as if
wish for the day.]
), singing, singing accompanied by dancing ; from
to sing with the accompaniment of dancing, to celebrate icith chanting ; as
Yid. v. 233.
to rehearse songs,
473
and
avoc, 6, a song or
, and
iiymn in honour of Apollo,
(on account of

,
,
,
.
,
,,
,,

',

^,

,
,
, , ,
,
, ,, , , -,,

.
,
,
,
'
,
,
^,
,
,
,, ,, ,
5
^,
,
,
,
, ,, ,
,
,
,
:

,,

/), ,

tlie

cessation of a pestilence,)

(for the suc-

kj

frequently also a Ptean

cessful termination of a battle)

was

chanted to Apollo, that he might avert any impending calamity ; and

But
to allay, as if
hence the word is deduced from
to
derived from
is also a name of Apollo
strike, to slay ; because he slew the serpent Python with his arrows.

/,

474
479

3 sing, imperf. pass, of

Ion. for

1.

vid. ante,

419.

then

Conj. when, after that, having the corresponding

but frequently used without
sometimes followed by

any-

such particles.

Ion. for
8, , the sun; from
round; or from
, heat, brightness of
from
, ov, clear, manifest, as if
tathius, from ', the sea,
seems to rise out of the sea, as its dwelling.

to

the

dawn. Th.

Th.

to

or,

turn

or

according to Eusbecause it

3
plunge under, to set;
1. 359.
darkness, twilight,
351. night; sometimes,
But Eustathius and
vid. ante, 1. 397.

go under,

sing. aor. 2. ind.

to roll,

the sun, as if

to enter, to

vid. ante,

other etymologists consider

as

compounded

of

and

as being void of light, because darkness is the privation of light.

3 sing^ aor. 2.
by Tmesis for
'Eni

,
, ,

,
,, , ,

ILIAD

),

1.

f.

lull asleep

or

vid. ante,

make one

to

Ion. for

down and

lie

3 plur. aor.

124.

1.

', ''
,',^,
,
,

sleep, to set at rest,

to

476

sometimes, to die;
ind. mid.
Th.

to sleep, to lie,

1.

f.

55

A'.

1.

,,

from

ypog, 477
spring;
whence
iv, and, by Epenthesis, tiaptvbg, of the spring ;
and by contraction,
'Rpiyivrig may
bv, of the morning.
also signify, air-sprung, as if tjtpivei^TJg, from ijijp,
Kj
for
ii)

of the morning, day-spring

and

TO, the morning,

or from tap,

,,

and

the air,

rjo,

the

, , , ',,
,

be fragrant,

rose,)

having rosy or red fingers ; from pocov,

(Th.
fut. 2. of
to emit a smell, to
f. 1.
being prefixed to denote the strength of fragrance of the
from
, , finger : which is as if

s, TO,^ a rose,

and

li)

to show ;
as we point out
yap )
with the finger or, as if
to receive, because
from
we grasp with the fingers whatever is put into the hand.
contract,
Aurora, the morning, the day, by synec.
Th.
or
to shine.
The Attic form of this word is r)
<p. 156.
Dor.
from the Attic
is formed
as from
is formed
and Ion.
" the day-spring's daughter, rosy-pahnd Aurora."
f. 1.
is frequently a nautical term, signifying, td 478
launch into the deep, or sometimes,
set sail from the southern to the
northern regions, which were commonly supposed to be more elevated

, , ,,
, ^.,'
,
,
:

', ,

,
.
,
,
,,
therefore

sail from port

is

same as

the

to

set

3 plur. aor. 2. mid.

ov, prosperous, favourable, blowing freili ;
is an
epithet of a seasonable and fair wind ; and the ancients deduce it from
Ion. for

,
'',.",
" , , ,
'' ,
,
,, ,
,

479

wind arises from the freed moisOthers write this epithet with an aspirate,
to come, to go, because it is
But the ancients prefer the former etymology,

moisture, because the

ture of the atmosphere.

deriving

it

from

and the smooth breathing.

8,

There

is

move.

to impel,

or

" Fair

npov'iti

Apollo sent them."

Th.

a favourable wind.

'

icind,

and blowing fresh^

also ipoc, ov, 6, a boundary.

\^ia.

153.

'

to raise

up, to elevate, to rear

Ion. for

,
,
.
,
,

480

TO, 3 plur. aor. 1. ind. mid.

Th.

white.

[Some derive
from
can be seen more easily than any other

itself.

f.

1.

f.

to

, /,

1.

id.

expand,

to

the light of the sun, the sun

f.

1.

to see,

unfurl; from

Ion. and Poet, for

or

id*

f.

iv

'

1.

to

burn,

or

{^3

to sicell

by Tmesis

to breathe,

from

Iv,

,,

3 plur. aor.

ind.

a, , tlie wind. Th.

being inserted by Epenthesis.

as white

colour.]

as

i(

1.

Prep, and

sing, aor

Kind.

481

[,

may

f.

-,

be formed from

/.]
,
,,,

1.

by Syncope,

Troku),

this,

whence is deduced
by Epenthesis and change

,,,,,

it

fire,

and from

of the vowel,

cause

KEY TO HOMER.

56

ov, mid, middle ; so called

has equal portions on each side.

,
,'

a icure

'

from

as

f.

or mingle, applied particularly to liquids.

482

the keel of a ship

r),

,
,

for

firm, solid;

^^)

yap (}

483

,
,
to

as

, ov,

&c. because the keel is

on a foundation, all the
from

424.

r.

mix

,,

around

to roar

3 sing, imperf.

,
,
, ,,
,
, ,, .
,
\
,
,
', ,
,
,
,
" ,
,
to

for

go beyond,
;

1.

f.

to

pass through

Th. a

Ion. for

oio,

a continent, land

Ion. for

/,

same as

from

". . 326.

to pass.

poet, the land,

without end

run violently; nautically,

to

to

scud

f.

],

3 sing, imperf.

the sea

486

cry loudly, to resound

', by Tmesis
and
^,
,
B-f

swiftly

485

it,

of a purple colour, sable

a purple colour,

to

,
,,

the most solid of the timbers, and on

other parts of the ship rest.

,,

from

as if

be-

-oi.

boiuided by

7iot

and

priv,

the end, as

if

which some deduce

Adv. highly, on high; from
from
to see, being that a<p' a
were
from which there is an extensive prospect others derive it from
(as

,)

if it

Prep, above.

ov,

from

-/,
to

denotes also the shore

and

ov,

differ in this respect

rj,

Th.

id.

and

break into small particles.

to

lessen,

sand, fine gravel

which are used

for

the latter signifies, the dust of the plain

the

former, sand on the sea shore,

a stay, prop
ing being changed Att. Th.

by Syncope

the breath-

for

,
,
'
,
,
,
,, , , ,
., ,
. ,,
f.

to

1.

kv

are

'

t<p'

prop, to support.

scantlings placed under the sides of ships,

by which they are propped up,

1.

f.

by Tmesis and
487

1.

hence

490

1.

id.

set

id.

underneath

for

cleave asunder,
f.

1.

verb

1.

to ex-

Th.

to

dissipate;

and

',

3 plur. imperf. pass, of

to

1.

f.

Homer always under

from

disperse,

to

id.

to cleave:

present, to come

'

3 plur. aor. 1. ind.

to

from

and

f.

put or

poet, for

f,

f.

to

Th.

tend, to stretch out.

appear,

to occur,

to

he

3 sing, imperf. The

turn often, to act, to do, occurs in
but this latter A^erb elsewhere

Ion. for

to

turn, to

the form

signifies, to sell,

pa, pov, conferring distinction and honour, ennobling.

ILIAD

57

A'.

,
,
(.
,
,,, , ,
,
,
, ,,
,
,
,
'
,
, , ,, . ,
,
,
,
.
.,
Th. KUcog,

,,

to

accomplhh.

id.

Ion. for

and

after.

a cry, a shoiut, the clamour of combatants, battle.

to shout : hence
), voice, speech.

Th.

,,

and

s,
Vid. ante, 1. 61.
xpovs,f'rom that time.

',

to lurk, to lie hid,

to go.

fut. 1.

\,

to conceal

to escape notice,

3 sing, imperf. mid.

Ion. for

to

imperf. act.

Aav-

mid.
aor. 2.
is used for
in the present tense.
r, a command, a precept, a charge; from
command; also, to stimulate, to incite
Ion. (or
fut. 1.

Gen.

plur.

to

-,, , .
,, ,
,

morning dawn, early. Th.

lov, with

and Ion.

,, ,
,,, , , , , , ,,
,
,
,
,
,,, ,
,
,,
.

the air

Ion. for

i^

t),

far-seeing

from

493
494
495

and

perf. pass.

aor. 2.

aor. 1.

492

240.

,
.

3 plur. imperf. of

1.

491

imperf. act.

sin^:.

Att. for

forget

,,

\^\d. ante,

TOLo, Ion. for ra, sc.

",

1.

f.

pant

to desire, to covet eagerly, to

persuade.

to

man, or avvio,

(,

1. r

f.

or coIq,

consume, to destroy, to uaste aicay, Th.

Ion. for
3 sing, imperf. act.

to

Th.

and

glory,

and

497
498

pa,

topmost, extreme,

highest,

from

thesis

the head

the top or

formed by Meta- 499

, an eminence.

crown of the head, the top or summit of

, the head, and

any thing ; formed from

ii

last;

whence

the roof of the head

to cover,

as

the co-

or, as if

vering of the head, from

to cover, to conceal ; because that
is concealed by the hair.
ii)
having tnany tops, many -peaked ; from
the ridge of a mountain.
?}, and tj
to strip, to uncover:
and ?;
the neck, are derived from
because the ancients always kept the neck naked, without any garpart of the head

,,

ment

hence these words also signify, the top or summit of any thing,

particularly of mountains,

and metaphorically, nntanght, ignorant,

a, bv, left,

,
'
.
,
, ,
",
,
',
,
',
,
',

unlucky.

Th.

to be lame, to limp, to be deficient

cording to Eustathius, the

?)
pa,

receive

Ion. for

left

.
^,

hand

is

right

from

501

deficient in action,

^,, sc.

a, bv, id.

di

unfit,

because, ac-

Th.

'?^

',-

to

Ion. for cf

pa, sc.
there.

Th.

b, the chin,

f.

1.

Ion. for

so called from the growth of the beard

tofiourish, to blossom.

vid. ante,

1.

2 sing. aor. 1. imperat. of

Superlat. of

b,

503
505

395.

175.
417.

vid. ante,

vid. ante,

1.

1.

an epithet of Jupiter, cloud-collecting

from 511

, ,
-

.,

KEY TO HOMER.

o8

, , and

The .Eolians and

to collect.

,
",
,,

Nom.

adopted the termination a even in the

clension ending in
thus
512
by Epenthesis of , for
ante, 1. 134.

Zvlacedonians

nouns of the

of
foi-

3 sing, imperf. of

first

de-

vid.

to take, to bind, to join; the middle form,

occurs more frequently, signifying, to touch, to take hold
of, to hajidle; also, to arrive at a destination, to strike, p. 631.: it
governs mostly a Gen. but sometimes also an Ace. or Dat.

1.

f.

1.

f.

ol3

,,

,
,
,
,
,,

f.

1.

perf. act.

beget,

by Sync,
to

ante,

1.

1.

f.

to

implant, to adhere closely

to

to hear,

for

interrogate

3 sing. aor. 2. ind. mid.

, ,, ,,
,
, ,,,,
,,
,
,
,
" ,
,
i^

in the hands

number

Th.

or order, inferior.

Th.

true, tinerring.

Some deduce

part,

',

vi>o, two.

brew word MAROTii, to

and

hence
imperat. mid.

to join,

f. 1

lo

take

He-

and

to

deny,

to refuse

to lay aside,

to

sometimes gives a negative

in composition

,
,

; from
2 sing. aor. 2.

promise

Ion. for

to give a nod, to assent, to grant ;. from

2 sing. aor. 1. imperat. act.

to

unite

grasp,

or from the

to

to

rebel, to revolt.

id.

a negative particle, and

to loander from, to de-

from

others from

aor. 2.

1.

f.

nod

A'id.

neut. sing, taken adverbially, truly, certainhi, from

viate, to sin.

to

neut. sing, taken adverbially, again, a second time; from

,^,
for

via,

62.

eog,

515

from tv and

&ic.

pa, pov, second in

514

bring forth

to

renounce,

35, for

signification, as in this

verb.

3 sing. pres. of

for

The accent

drawn back from the

is

^,
', ,

Vid.

of the contraction.

f.

to

1.

,
,
f.

to

tressed, to sigh deeply.

43.

i.

know

and

for

517

,,

1.

a,

from

r),

hence

destructive, per7iicious, hurtful;

'
^
,
1.

to be

,
,

to be oppressed

or

from

61.
f.

infin. perf,

by Syncope.

, ,, , ', , ,

b, vid. ante, 1.

hostile;

i^

ti^o, id.

he in.

consequence

be very angry, to he enraged, to be sore dis-

Th.

trouble, to groan.

518

be over or on, to

,, ',

from

part, for

to

final to the penult, in

with

a,

troublesome in words, to ivrangle, to he

hatred,

and

an articulate

word, voice ; whence is formed

and, by inserting
for the
sake of euphony,
one speaking in a hatejul or uifriendly manner.
to send against, to put or lay upon, to command,
f. 1.

',

, ,

to enjoin, to direct.

519

to irritate, to pi'ovoke to contention.

contention.

Hence

IpkOy, subj. pres.

f.

1.

same

as

,
',^,

Th.

strife,

Ion. for

,
,
,
,

eontention

1.

f.

ILIAD

59
from veiKog,

to contend, to chide, to scold;

and

which comes from

A'.

',

eoc,

,
,,

to yield.

521

withdraw, to go back ; from

522
go in order, to go ; fut. 1.
perf.
aor.
ov, b, order, rank; and
hence
2.
a
rank of soldiers, a body consisting offive hundred men.
to think, to consider, to understand, to perceive, to
f. 1.
ov, 6, the mind:
3 sing. subj. aor. 1. act.
see ; from
to concern, to impose a care; perf. 523
f. 1. /;, to he a care,

],
,
,'
1

perf.

Impersonal.
Ei '

eJa d'

be better
omitted

is

perf. pass,

aor. 2.

act.

aor.

',

to depart, to retire, to

properly,

mid.

or

This verb

is

''

chiefly used as

an

frequently a form of exhortation, and has the force of

" eja sane age," well then come; but it may

524

or the Latin

understand

to

^,

,^, ,
,
^), ,

the head

?'/,

to incline, to

'',

as

bend, to bow

if

Interj.

and supply the

?) ,

from
convex.
vid. ante, 1. 33.

or

head

for the

2 sing. subj. perf. mid. of

Att. for

an

as a Conj. not as

some such verb.

or

vhich Ion.

-,
for

or

is

/, Gen. sing, of

,, ,, ,
',
, ,

indecl. end, mark, determination. Jupiter here declares

525
526

that to assent by a nod is the greatest confirmation, or termination of

a sign ; but Damn redoubt and entreaty. Some interpret

jects this signification of the word,

it

occurs in Homer.

Th.

to place or set, to ordain.

',

ov,

iC)

t),

collected back again, recalled, revocable;

again, back, and

from

'/,

when

, ov,

to

gather together.

leading into error, deceitful

f.

1.

to draw one a way from the right path;

r
Th. a, priv. and
ov, o, a beaten path.
hence, to deceive.
unaccomplished ,^ot ratified ; from
527
s,6 )
eoc, to.
There are
to bring to an end, to finish. Th.
f. 1.
three causes which may produce the violation of a promise, viz.
indeceit or treachery ; or
change of mind ;
capacity : none of these aflfect Jupiter, and therefore he fulfils his pro-

as

-,

if

,
,, , , ,
,
',
,,
, ,
',
,
,
,
,

mises, and

is

,
.
or

, , and

&c.c.

cerulean, blackish, dark;

of a crow's back in sunshine, a cerulean colour.

like the Avaves of the sea
a leave, as if

,,

Dat. plur.

hence

from
Vid. ante,

the eye-brow

. 411.

,,
s, 6

1.

Th.

Kvaviyaiv, Ion.

for

fern.

lofty,

defend.

and

528

ov, 6, a colour approaching to black, something like that

from

ic)

sometimes, a

Th.

hillock, a hill

to see,

and

someumes,
Th. a, priv. and

to

v. 151.
guard, to

everlasting, immortal ;

sweet, placid

, id.

, ov, mortal.

272.

,,

the hair of the head, particularly when somewhat long

; a lock of hair, the mane of a horse or

falling over the shoulders

other animal. Th,

to

pour,

to scatter.

529

CO

, ,, , ,
KEY TO HOMER.

-,

,,

strengthen:

to

, .,
mid.

aor. 1.

530

yipciQ,

; from
Th.

i.e.

the head

and

to agitate, to

and
or

3 plur.

Th.

b, id.

turn with a rapid whirl,

shake

to

by the reduplication

formed from
\ia. ante, 1. 317.

aor. 1. ind.

,
,
,
,
,
,
,"
,
,
, , , ', , ,
,
.
,, , , , , .
of the

first

syllable.

BouXtjjw,

A"id. ante,
to cut

1.

f.

rate, to

a conference,

to hold

1.

f.

from

1.

f.

asunder,

to disperse, to sepa-

to disturb,

BodoUfor

and

f.

to cut.

1.

id.

1.

and

to consult, to deliberate;

5.

part; aor. 2. act.

3 plur. aor. 2. pass, from

Th.

532

or

1.

f.

3 sing.

531

greatly moved, to shake violently

to he

agitated or impelled by a violent motion,

to be

^'Eol.

to leap,

aor. 1.

fut.

to jump, to shoot or spriiig

up ;
which is for
Ion. for
3 sing, aor. 1. by Syncope, and change of the breathing according to
the ^i^olic dialect, which changes the aspirate into the soft breathing,
as
for
Some make
for
3 sing. aor. 2. and
others consider

deep

other significations
extensive shore ;"

corn,"

thick,

formed from the

perf.

for

broad, spaciotis, extensive, in

92.

" they advanced in order

close, dense, ib.

along- the

'

147.

'^
,

" as when the west-wind m^oves the thick standing

" the thick wood (where
766.
' rjipa
" thrice
in v. 446.

^
in

sing, pluperf. pass,

which
by catachresis and metaphorically it has various

as,

',
.

,,

as 3

it

pluperf.

used for
he struck the deiise cloud; also high, in . 142.
*'
sometimes, viohe leaps out of the high sheep-cote," &c.
" striking with a
lent, vehement,
306.
'
violent storm," &c.
also, hidden, secret, in . 125.
" then sharp anguish struck his secret
might be better intersoul, (though, in this latter passage,
preted adverbially, according to its primary sionification, " then sharp
depth.
anguish struck his soul deeply.")
Th.
and
is variously compared, having in Compar.

'^

,
,
,
,,

,, ,
,
' -

and

in Superlat.

in

Sr.

14.

?^

" where under earth there

most profound abyss."

533

, , , ?;, , ,

the

, ,, ', .
splendid, shining.

Th.

great

the heat and brightsplendour ; formed from a, intens. and

supplying the place of the aspirate, and being inness of the sun,
serted for euphony instead of .
Bceot. for
3 plur. aor. 2. ind. of

The second

aorist

and perfect

have a neuter signification

Yid-/3. 170.

534

is

"E(oc,

,,

and

active of

I stood

a seat, a foundation,

an abode

its

compounds

rose,

&c.

dicelling-place, a

ILIAD

, .
',

settlement, a temple; also, a sitting

^. ante,

to sit.

sometimes, an image. Th.

48.

1.

a<pkrepoQ, a, ov, his, her,

bv,
of the reciprocal .

,
,

61

A'.

Th.

its,

plur.

,,

Vid. ante, 1. 8.
neut. taken adverbially, or in place of the Prep.
It may here imply a slight
over-against, apposite to, in presence of.
opadvance to meet Jupiter, out of respect. From
posite, contrary ; which is from iv and

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,, ,, ,
,
,.
or

,,

.
,) ,

(for

, ov, coming on, approaching, advancing

of

",, ,
all

,.

&c.

1.

f.

nom.

plur. o(

way

w.eeting in the

from

^,

1.

f.

f.

f.

.,
.,
to

converse ivith.

aor. 1. ind. mid.

show,

Epenthesis of

1. 230.
and by Metaph. dig- 536

and

ignorant, not to tinder-

vid. ante,

1.

537

522.

to speak together, to converse, to confer;

speak;
to advise or
Ion. and Poet, for
3 sing,
to speak, is deduced from
to shine, to

to speak,

discover^

to

535

1. ind.

f.

from

to be

1.

stand, not to perceive; from a, priv.

3 sing. aor.

,,

to sit.

Ion. for

part. pres.

vid. ante,

ov, b, a throne, a royal seat, a seat

nity

to bear, to

aor. 2.

1.

f.

support, to sustain, to endure, to dare.

to

say

p,

, ,
-, , ,

,,

,,

whence

is

formed

and, by

having silver feet, i. e. ivhite and beautiful, bright- 538

by Crasis
a, sv, of silver,
the sole of the foot, the foot,
white, vid. ante, 1. 37. and
and by Metaph. any attached extremity, the hem, toelt, or border of a
garment, a selvage, a fringe, &c. which is formed from
ov,
into .
Thetis is styled
the groitnd, by the change of
because she personifies the sea, which on its extreme borders, sc. on
for
the shore, is white with foam
are the borders or extremities of any thing
and thus, the poet styles the sea, on the shore,
or
but in the deep,
lov, of the sea, living in the sea, marine. Th.

footed; from

", ,
,

.-, , ,
,

,
.
,
], , ,
the sea

Ion. for

also called

'Sp.

Ion. for

/,

,,
,
.

Th.

,
,
,
,

f.

,,

ov, or

1.

by Tmesis

,,

y, laiv, right.

because

to

for

clandestine.

the heart,

, one who
ov,

1.

b,

'^,

and

is

539

to

entertains crafty

deceit, craft,

540

and

175.

Ace.

Th.

to hide.

from

sing. part.

determine, to judge,. to se tie; from

[Aristotle deduces
it

who

.,
,

shrewd ; from
pnident counsel; vid. ante,

subtle, wily,

\,

e.

i.

heart-cutting, keen, abusive;

sc.

cut.

designs,

as

aor. of

,,
if it

divides the matter into two equal parts.

were
Plato

541

542


KEY TO HOMER.

62
considers the word as

if o'taiov, i. e. dia ivv, going through every

being inserted by Epenthesis.]
an enclitic joined to several words, in any manner, perchance ;
never :
truly, not;
by no means, never at any
time ;
in no uay truly ; ede
not yet in any manner ;

,,

thing,

,],

^, ,

,
,,
,
-,

ever.

513

ante,

545

to hope,

for

and

to possess

imperai. pres. mid.

546

,
?/,

,
rive

547

from
from
;

tari,

,
,,

from

vised

1.

f.

to afflict

bile; others

tog, 6

becomes,

it

is

taken impersonally.
f.

yKOov

1.

suitable

Vid. ante,

mid.

perf.

, ,,
,

hear,

to

i'jKoa

troublesome, painful, diffi-

to

fit,

meet:

from

119.
understand,

which some deand Dor.

1.

f.

suitable, agreeable,

r),

proper

2 sing,

with injury

from

Vid.

by the poets
Th.

Ion. for

to slacken, to let loose.

it

hope.

t),

pernicious, oppressive,

;^7,

,
,

cult

,
,
,
, ,,

to eipect

which comes from

id.

to wish,

thou hast endured; 2 sing. perf. ind. of

534.

1.

perf.

sc.

mid. toiKt.

1.

to

comply with; aor. 2.

,,

Ion. for aniitiv, pres.

inf. act.

,
, ,

Th.

ro HQ, the ear, and

or , to perceive : or from
), the
shatp edge or poi^it of any thing, for the sense of hearing is acute.
548
3 sing. fut. mid. of
to know.
550
it denotes
a parting or di;;, ov, each, every ;
viding, being derived from
remotely, separately.
to in(tire, to interrogate, to investigate, to search ; from
and
or tlpor vid. ante, 1. 62,
2 sing.
Ion. for
imper. pres. mid.

,
,

,
,, , ,
.
,,
'
),
,
,,
.
,
,
",

<,

f. 1.
to search diligently, curiously to seek for one
thing after another, to scrulinize; Metapli. taken from the exploring of
(saysEustathius,)
metals,

and
a metal, which comes from
s,
because difterent metals are frequently bedded in the same mine ; or
because they are explored and dug out
551
/, having large eyes black and full like those of an
ox, ample-eyed ; from
the eye.
Juno is physically the
and
may be an
lower region of the atmosphere ; and, in this view,
the voice, beepithet compounded of /3oi), a sound or noise, and
cause there are various aerial
according to Eustathius.
ov, , the son of Saiur)!, ])articularly Jupiter;
552
patronymics formed from
, , 6aturn. Th.
6, id.
Th.

/3

,/,
,

6, time.

553

Adv.

Ion. for

very, greaihi,

much;

yt-,

long before, truly.

554

by dropping the

mild; formed .Eol. from fV:;/to yield,

and inserting v. Th.

quiet, peaceable,

aspiration,

because he \yho yields

^'

to deliberate attentively,

io

understand distinctly

),

to discover, to consider, to plan,

also, to perceive,

399.

453. the middle

ILIAD

^^

formof

",

pres. ind.

vid. ante,

1.

,
,

mid.

537.

.
,
,
,
^,
,

used

things.

^.

?^, 2

for

(by Anadiplasis
and
The neuters

true.

ov,

which

is

vid. ante,

I.

555

33.

persuade, to seduce bu

to

,
,

from

to he,

and change of

for

into

558

are taken adverbially for

truly, certainly, indeed, v. 111.

id.

^,

mid. of

to advise,

3 sing. subj. pres.

deceive;

,)

^.

sing. subj. pres.

perf.

and poet,

to

The Dorians

for liriva, whatsoever things.

Aeidoiica, poet, for

words,

^,

Ion. for

and, after the prefixed a, they doubled the

\vithout the rough breathing, simply signifies, some
or

for

But

<T.

and Att.

6^

A'.

derived from trtbg, a, bv,

is

as ^trbg,

r),

bv, from

lov, divine, august, venerable, admirable, enjoying sin-

,
.
,
-,

561

gularly good or bad fortune ; it is generally an epithet of honour and

respect, but frequently it also implies astonishment at any remarkable
fortune or conduct; sometimes, unhappy, infatuated: from
Ion. for
Kf j/, vid. ante, 1. 222.
you are surmising, Ion. for o'ly, 2 sing. pres. ind. of

,',

,
,
, ,
,,
,
.
,
vid. ante,'l. 59.
f.

to

and Ion.

1.

gain bu transporting merchandize

to transfer to

1.

f.

ture

is

formed

desire, to

Adv. Ion.

verb

is

it

signifies,

properly denotes, 562

derived from Trt;

and from

effect, to

its

fu-

accomplish, to

entirely, altogether, at all,

for

,
^,

never-

2 sing. fut. of
Ion. for
563
to be about to be, to be wont, to be probable, to will, to 564
This verb iS used not only
be bound by duty, &c. v. 451.
concerning the future
but also

7rt

1. 17^(0,

aor. 1. infin. act. Ion.

execute, to do.

theless.

f.

for this

another country for sale

hence

//,

,,
;

, concerning the present which may be

uncertain, or not accurately known ; frequently it is

implying some conjectural or probable future event, or present
(vid. ante, 1. 523. ")
or
Being derived from
existence.
the proper force of the verb

is,

still

to deliberate, as it

within myself, what I shall do. Ei ' rw tht'

flvai, for if this (sc. what you suspect, 558, 559,)

be

so,

it

were

will he

,,
&c.

36. a
In,

rw
which were not about to be accomplished:
thus perhaps it icill be pleasing to the allto whom you are wont to
powerful Jove, ib. 116.
361.
yap
for you wish
off'er vows,

agreeable to me, or

it

likely to be,

is

,
,
,
,

to take

away my reward,

. 544.

sometimes

signifies, to pre-

pare, to delay, to hesitate.

to sit down.
2 sing, imperat, pres. of
565
a,
1}, one who cannot be touched, one whom no one can 567
if it have the former signification, it is deinjure ; hence, powerful
to touch, to reach, to lay hold of; if,
rived from a, priv. and
icj

KEY TO HOMER.

64

, ,

it is, as if
from a, priv. and
to send uith iw
make one fall forcibly, to attack with force. [This verb, though
deduced by some from
to send, is rather formed as if
from a, intens. and
or
to fall ; and others derive it from
," a worm which eats into timber.^
Or
may be
formed from
with a, intens. and may signify, very vehement,

the latter,

jury,

to

',

,
, ,

very forcible, invincible.

569

which poet,

Ion. for

pound,

1.

and

,'

for

bend, to bow

to

",,

icj

?/,

'^,

8,

,,
,

;^

being changed into

to

which

is

'

contend

formed from

contention.

575

.
,

vid.

,,

6, noise,

on avrs

bv, re-

work

by Sync,

for

,,
,

to love, to desire,

to gratify.

may

Th.

be endured.

to

2 du. pres. ind. from

fut. 2. oi

,
,
, ,
,

',, ,
",
,, ,(,
,,,
^,
^, '^,
',
,
a disturbance.

Th.

id.

clamour, tumult, disturbance

Hence

a jackdaw or jay.

make

to fabricate, to

from

,', ,

bv, supportable, that

bear, to support,

id.

Th.

agreeable, desirable, pleasing:

id. plur. neut.

574

persuade

of

1.

Vulcan, so called from

to touch
fc
at\jtaQat, because it is not lawful to touch him.
also denotes/re, t. 464.
s, b,

H, b, an illustrious artist ; from

nowned, and
art
hence
with art, to plan or design any thing cunningly.

573

com-

,
'
,,
,

an inhabitant of heaven.

heaven.

572

to

e.

departing from her usual obstinacy.

570
they were sore distressed, 3 plur. aor.
ante, 1. 517.

571

3 sing, imperf.

so also the

bend, to incline; hence,

to

same as

,
,
",
',,
,',
,
,
i.

for

sing. subj. aor. 2. of

augment be omitted Ion.

the

f.

from

and poet,

the simple imperf. has

,
-,
,
if

for

upon.

to "put or lay

ILaQriaro, she sat down, Ion.

of

,, ,, -,
'

',

f.

1.

',

from

to raise a

tumult,

,
,
to

Vid. ante, 1. 154.

to
delight, pleasure, with an ^olic lenis in place of
576
fut. 1.
fut. 2.
but Ion. and ^ol.
the aspirate; from
tla, v, sweet.
to delight, to satisfy : hence
bring in, to introduce.

,
f.

to conquer,

1.

victory

577

to excel, to prevail, to overpoise ;

which comes from

and

to advise, to exhort, to counsel.

Dat. sing. fem. of part,

,,

',

from

from

to yield.

'.

\\.. ante,

1.

343.

579

which

poet,

vid. ante,

or

1.

is for

'-^,

3 sing. subj. pres.

521.

f.

1.

disturb, to confise; this

peculiarly applied to water in which the

mud is disturbed.

Th.

word

is

.
,
,
,
,
, , ,,
,
,
,,,' ,,
,
,
'
,
)
,
, , ,
',
,
,
,, , , ,,
,
,,

Att. and Ion.

whence
Tmesis for

ILIAD

1.

fut.

65

A'.

pay

fut. 2.

break,

to

and, by prefixing r,

d'

3 sing. subj. aor.

to heat

rapa^y by

of

1.

to

throw

into disorder.

, ,

'

and lightning
a, intens. and

and

from

the eye,

,,

,,

the thunderer, the author or causer of thunder

vivid lightning, which is from

lightning

what dazzles the

,,

or

is

Th.

it

and

from

this

kpog, 6,

from

with flashes of light ; which, as

or
ov,
a star, and

to shine

deprive,

to

deprives the eyes of sight.

as poet, for

to lighten,

derived from

the sight, the vision,

because

[Some consider

',

and

eyes.

580

if

to

send,

(says Eustathius,) i. e.
to shoot forth light like a star.']
f. 1. 4, to handle roughly,
to treat harshly, to disturb 581
forcibly, to shake, to agitate, to drive or tumble down,
(i. e.
to move roughly here and there ; it is

therefore formed from

vid. ante,

to

bind

close, to

condense, to thicken,

[Or from

317.

I.

and

ov, hard, firm,

rough ; which from

because things which are bound together
and condensed, are usually hardened.]

ov, most powerful.

\'id. ante,

understood,) from

affect, to assuage, to soothe

,",

touch

s,

i^

to

horn

f.

1.

tender, soft.

placid, propitious, kind, clement

render propitious. Vid. ante,

,
,
,

1.

100.

cheerful.

',

582

move or

metaph.

satirical words.

Th.

fut. 1.

to

ov.soft, mild, placid, iiidulgent

,
,
to soften.

169.

1.

Att. for imperat. (or governed by opa or

infinit.

,
from

Hence

583

Ai/aris,

start- 584
up hastily, to spring up ;
to rush, to be borne with force.
and
a goblet ; for
same as
It is disexpresses the roundness of the convex exterior of a goblet.
tinct from
the foot of which was another similar cup, that
might be used when inverted though some assort that
and
were the same, being narrow in the middle, where
there was the common bottom, but double, and of the same figure and
is a species of cup,
use above and underneath.
f.

ing up, aor.

1.

1. part,

',

to rise

from

,,

,
,
, ,,
;

the

word

, ,,
,,

derived from

having the lips bent inward ; for

to bend the head, to in2.

.
, '.
, ,
,, ,, ,
{,

cline

is

fut.

[Some

hayulled cup.]

3 sing, imperf.

obsolete

pres. imperat.

same as

Sync,

for

are

therefore

f.

tioo-

by apposition.
formed from the 585
and Att.

for

by an Ion. reduplication
f.

1.

interpret

to bear, to

1.

vid. ante,

1.

for

or

eudure, which

228.

c2

is

by

586

,', , ,,,
KEY TO HOMER.

66

, , the eye,

587

as

from
to see, and
nothing is quicker than the turn

if

,
,
,
,
,
,, ,, , ,
",
, .
, , ,
,
move quickly

to leap, to

for

of the eye.

588

OtiVw,

f.

1.

to

strike,

Ace. sing.

beat;

to

fern.

part. pres. pass.

589

from a, intens. and

it from
being used Att. for .]

a, ov, difficult, painful

TO, work, labour, difficulty.

trouble, as if
the

[Some

|0

ov,

derive

rb,

to oppose, to resist,

590

Adv.
and

verb

to

off,
.

formed from the fut.

drive away
hence

is

guard, strength:

''

f,

f.

1.

2.

f.

',

1.

fut. 2.

keep

infin. pres.

to desire earnestly, to cherish

hence part,

,.

,,

Th.

downward.

grasp, to hold;

to

by an Ionic reduplication,

to

a valiant defence, a strong

throw, to hurl, to cast headlong.

1.

f.

to decline or incline

1.

This

defend.

,
,
.,
,,
, , ,
,

perf. ind.

591

,,

Dor. for
and
to seek,
and by Sync,

',,
',
,

to

the obsolete

1. of

1.

f.

other, another.

to bear assistance,

1.

f,

,,

Th.

at another time.

The

for

part. aor.

Ionic dialect frequently

prefixes the reduplication of the perfect to other tenses, particularly to

the aor. 2.
8,

lov,

is

and

1.

f.

frequently crossed.

great, marvellous, strange

divirie,

or ov

592

Th.

the threshold of a dwelling.

Adv. because the threshold

from

,
', ,

lie

, prophetic, divine,

',
,,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
^- and

which

is

phesy,

to divine.

from

uToc,

Vid.

hence

poet, for

. 367.

the day, poet, for

?/.

' id.

to j}ro-

ante,

1.

53.

and 472.

593

iEol. Sync, for

to fall dow7i

1 sing. aor. 2. ind.

vid.

ante,

1.

243.

,
-,
,
,
, ,
^^ ,,
,,

to be in, to be^pre3 sing, imperf. of

imperf. Ion. ta and poet,
the Sintiu7is ; a name given to the Lemnians, dei. e.
to hurt, because they are said to

poet, for

sent

594

from

rived from
have been the

first

inventors of iron weapons.

.,

i.

to take

away

hear, to carry, to take

f.

to take care of:

1.

mid.

id.

iox

aor. 1. ind. mid.

595

or

',

f.

1.

to

,
,

because
to laugh

it
:

,,

a, b

also, to

and

3 plur.

,
,

smile silently, to smile softly or a

smile flie teeth are but slightly exposed

speak articulately,

bially

Th.

3 sing. aor. 1. ind. from juiior, less,

designates a less and softer expression of joy than
or from
and
, a tooth, because in a
for

little;

596
597

care of, to receive, to entertain

i^

a cup.

or from

\'id. ante,

1.

not to

584.

neut. plur. taken adverthe right of the assembly, and Avith the right

on the right

commencing on

ILIAD

^
,
,
,
.,
,, , ,,
,
,
,
,

,', ,
,,.,, ,, ,
hand presenting the cup

to the

also be understood as

right

ivci^ia,

to

pour

hand of the

i.

e.

<}

and

bearer

A'.

receiver.

It

may

to pour wine, to discharge the office of cup- 598

3 sing, imperf. from
ov, 6, icine, and
guests receiving wine from their attendants are said olvo-

f.

1.

,,

to draiv.

'. ante,

1.

171.

r being inserted
from the negative particle
(the long vowel of which is shortened,) and
r),fate, death ;
so that it denotes the drink of immortality and supreme felicity.
Others derive it from -' and
to kill, because it confers immortality
or as if
a 7iew possession, because it restores the vigour of youth, which had been destroyed by age.
s, 6 icf
or
ov, inextinguishable ; from a, 599
priv. and
Th.
f. 1.
or
to extinguish, t. 467.
it is

of the

same

nectar, the drink of the gods,

origin as

,
;

sc.

^',

id.

f.

from

1.

to tJirow in, to

6, vid. ante,

10.

1.

move uithin, to inspire, to

3 sing, pluperf. pass,

,
excite

,,

laughter ; from
f. 1.
to laugh; which
comes from
, heat and splendour of the sun, the aspirate
being changed into
for laughter proceeds from joy, arising from,
and producing warmth of animal spirits and Homer appears in this
passage to allude to this etymology, when he says
/c,
laughter inextinguishable j taking the metaphor from fire.
f. 1.
to trujisact any thing sedulouslii, to work dili- 600
gently, to serve attentively ;
for he
475.
^
who is busy about any thing breathes quickly hence
, ,
a servant, an attendant.
to laSome deduce
from
bour, whence rrovvu), with the reduplication,
and by Sync,
and inserting i,
601
whole, all; from
all.
Prep, and
Eustathius deduces it 603
y, a harp, a viol or lute.
from TO
which is formed by Sync, from
a prelude
in music.
[Others derive it from
and
ov, , because it is
carried on the shoulder
or from
and
because music
assuages pain and mitigates wrath.]
kj , exceedingly beauilful, suiyassing fair.
Th.
;

,,,.
,

-,

,,

,,,

,
,,

-,
',
,

,
,
.
;

,,

beavty.

Muse

from
to seek, to 604
Plutarch supposes that
the name is deduced from the mutual love which they bore to oneanother, as if
others dedi
rive it as if
because all the sciences are connected by one
bond: but Eustathius forms it from
to teach.
f. 1.
to shine. 605
pa, pov, shining, splendid ; from
light, which, by Crasis, becomes
the oblique cases of the latter are never used by the poet, lest they
might be confounded with those of
a man.

,
,
,,

inquire

since she

is

the goddess of song

, , ,, '
,
,

68

06

,
, ,,

KEY TO HOMER.

,^
in

by Sync,

for

usually denote desire or wish

to icish to lie

down

thus

e.

i.

such verbs

so also
&c. and such verbs are
is for
formed from the future of their themes accordingly
I uhh to recline, I wish to go to sleep.
Th. /ctw, vid. ante,
1. 124.
andyxio, where, lohich way, formed by Paragoge from y, Dat.
607
;

,
, ,,
/
(^
.
,
, ' ,
,

sing. fern, of

who, which, ichat.

b,

//,

(:,

lame

ancle,

{)

lame of both feet

for the sake of

denote a personal characteristic

from

//,

from yvihg, a, ov,

properly, the whole foot with the

is an epithet of Vulcan,

ignominy, but
}
hence therefore are usually added

,
^
, ,
.
', ,

the attributes

608

to be called, to hear.

which is from yvlov, ov,

knee, and thigh, a limb.

given, not
to

very renowned, matchless

ov, celebrated. Th.

/,

or

tt^/jDat. plur. fem. part. perf. of

1. 515.
the mind, genius, cuny, the breast,
ning, prudence; at
the parts about the heart. Some deduce
from ~pb,
and interpret it,
and
i:ai
th
vid. ante, 1. 476.
for
610
3 sing, imperf. of
344. from 7^?), sweet,
ov, o, sleep;
to sleep ;
agreeable, and Trj'fw, to breathe, for in sleep we breathe softly and
Others
freely.
for it is designated by
-. 62.
Homer as
Adv. both of time and place, then, there, where,
611

Et^i'/j

Ion. for

and by Sync,

vid. ante,

^,

, '

",

, ^.', ,,^,
,

thither, hither

f.

and

there.

,
,

. , ,

gold,

",

i.

hence

for the sake of rest, which one may obtain even when awake.
3
for
a seat, vid. ante, 1. 534.

sing, imperf.

signification of these verbs is not to sleep, but

,, ,

to recline

',
,

to lie, to recline, to sleep

1.

The primary

id.

Th.

here

ic)

and

and
e.

s,

having ascended, part, of aor. 2.

sitting on a golden throne

3|, a, o,

seat.

(here used absolutely, without

its

',

from

case,) near;

she lay doivn at his side.

from
w,

ILIAD jiit-

ILIAD

^,
, , ,,

,
,

B',

an armed horseman, a noble equestrian,

, 6 Kj ij, and
; from

6,

',

one armed with a horse-crested helmet

7iight

. 306.

,,
,
, ,

from

,
,

'ii^vo,

,,

Vid.

Th.

s,

icj

pi.

,,,

is

called

it is

for

to delight

is the same as
,
and change of the breathing,

when

,
,

',

and

V,

), a helmet.

(also in the feminine Ion.

sweet,

/,

7 Nom.

3.

icj

Th.

id.

with a helmet, to array in armour, to move,

to arrn

1.

f.

to excite,

6fl

'

,.

by Prothesis of

fut. 1.

;,

,')

Ace.

from

fut. 2.

an ^^olic epenthesis of

pi.

, by

all

of

/),

sound, perfect.
dream
perfect and uninterrupted, and not like the
luhole, entire,

disturbed and broken fantasies of a sick person.

Vid. 1. 22. where this

dreams from heaven distinguish themselves
from others by their explicitness and distinctness. Others interpret
pernicious, evil, deducing it from
destructive
which is from
oXkOpn
because this dream was
by persuading Agamemnon to arm the Grecian host, that
day, for battle.
Damn prefers the signification of the word as derived
from
an Ionic form of the verb, for
to go
or
is

styled

"//,

.
,
',

\,

i.

e^ go, haste.

for

, ,
,,
,

.,

Adv. truly, correctly ; from

10
and
to fear, to tremble,
f. 1.
f. 1.
because he who speaks tiuth has no fear
or from

i^

aor. 2.

Ion. for

Th.

true.

to

a, priv.

run, as

, , ,,
,

who

if

3(,

one

The lonians insert before

does not transgress the truth.
adverbs derived from adjectives of the first declension of contracts.
', him. Ace. oi i, of himself. \'id. ante, a. 8.
order, to

1.

,, ,
f.

f.

1.

command,

to be

long fowing locks; from

nourish or dress the hair. Th.

to

the head,

and

to

id.

have

^
f.

Vid. a. 36.
complete zeal; from
1.
to rouse, to move, to excite ; the Dat.
taken adverbially, with every exertion, with utmost speed, with

,.

11

, ,,

exhort: from

adorned with thick long hair,

,
,.
,,

in

1.

to

and 12

all

is

might.

70

,,
,
,

13
15

KEY TO HOMER.

Adv. on

,,

to reach,

f.

1.

both sides, apart, dijferently

to join to or

have influence upon,

to

and

pass. ind. from

18

tojind

to be

,,

wide streets ; from tvpvg, tla, v, and

a way. Th.
to lead.

lov, having

street,

f.

with

hang over

to
1.

20

,
,
,
,
,
,,,
,
,

',

Prep.

3 sing. perf.

to join, to bind.

near at hand

to,

441.

from ',

'

Vid. a, 26.

19

from

in the Passive,

ante,

1.
to pour, to shed, to extend ; from
id.
for
3 sing, pluperf. pass.
'S\'io, ia,
belonging to Neleus, a patronymic and possessive
from
, Neleus, father of Nestor, king of Pylos,

22

Xvu),

f.

'^, ,

^,,
,

Ion.

,,

.
23

f.

25

know,

to learn,

the mind.

divine, admirable, excelling

/^

1.

f.

2 sing.

',

pity-

33
34

,,
, ,
Ion. for

let

to pity.

oblivion,

Th.

off.

Th.

'

',

and

^,],,

495.

0.

188.

ij,

aor. 2: act.

Th.

the mind.

upward

.^,

civrjy, Att. for

,
,
:

hence an epithet of sleep,

also, io

poet, for

Adv. upward,

here, to think.
3 sing. aor. 2. of
not cunning, iglov, formed by Sync, from
jiorant, unskilful, foolish, infatuated ; as an epithet of age, childish,
make one wise; or from
priv. and
infantine; from
for

,,

,,
,,

and

Ion.

to speak.

^, , , and
to

vphich becomes
know, has in the pluperf. mid. 7j^eiv,ftg,
Vid. ySij, a. 70.
Att.
a, 6, id. which comes from
rj, a groan: from

, , .

), bv, narrow, straitened.

40

vid. a.

properly, to seyid

avy, 3 sing. subj.

vid. . 48.

,,,

or

exhilarating by sweetness, sweetly-savouring

go, to dismiss, to relinquish, to loose

and

vid. a,

vid. a, 35.

,,

honey, and

1.

vid. a, 273.

^,

forgetfulness. Th.

Th.
f.

and

,
,
, , ,, , ,

av'ty. Ion. for

39

,
,

from

3 sing. perf. act. of

for

a distance, ajar
as

vid.

{',
./, -

aor. 2. imperat. act. of

Adv.
same

,,

Aij0/),

sweet wheat.

38

,,

give in charge, to commit

to intrust, to

sweetened with honey, deUghtJul, delicious

and in . 264. of w^ine, olvov

37

9'foc;,

burn, (vid. a. 125.) and

fire, to

tamer of horses;

pi. perf. pass.

by Sync,

^,

/,

subdue.

523.

27

from

seem, to he

to

provident, sagacious, wise, bi'ave

t^ r/,

or to set on

to

26

1.

f.

1.

,
to

ov, having assimilated, having

likened; part. aor. 1. mid. of

likened, to resemble.

,,

and danger are

to

battle, combat,

a severe battle in which

be endured, Th.

much

labour

to support, to endure.

In

;;

ILIAD '.

863.
unusual

1.

which variation of declension

^
,
,
,,
by Sync,

a.na

around

for

true.

),

1.

and

1.

f.

,,

to direct, to erect, to raise

,
,
,
,

'Syo/,
to

a, b

as

be,

to diffuse

42

from

, ,
,

put on. Th.

to

is

to be erected,

is

41

f.

1.

to

go under,

a tunic; either an inner garment or an eiteriorvest,

which the arms were worn. Th.

to pour
it is thrown around the body.
new, lately made; from
a, ov, new, and 4
i. e.
says Eus-

or a military vest over

since
rij

,, ,

not

,,,,

iv, part. aor. 1. pass.

XiTiov,

, ,

or to raise one's-self; from

bv, erect, which
3 sing, perf, pass, of
to excite, to make one rise :

to enter.

Th.

is

&c.

3 sing, pluperf. pass. Ion.

oracle, a divine voice ; from
ov, and
discovering what really is, declaring what

ij, aii

f.

aXict),

3 sing, imperf. pass.

to pour around,

for

TO bv

if

Aodwpij,

for

to excite, to rouse, to raise, to incite.

1.

f.

to raise:

as

,
,
,

^,

occurs for
we meet with

', ,
,
thus

71

,
-,

if

tathius.

an exterior garment of a 7nan

icomans exterior garment, a linen sheet. Th.
poet, for virb, (as napai for
under: it governs a 44
Gen. Dat. and Ace.
a, bv, anointed ; also, unsullied, handsome, rich, splendid.
Th.
choice fat ; which comes from
and

sometimes

rb, a cloak, a mantle,

also, a

,)

,
,,
,,

,,

Aapb,

,
',
,
fat.

shoe ;
rb
sandal,
,
thus Virgil, " pedum circumdat vincula plantis :" whence
Eustathius remarks, that it was formerly written
with the
diphthong.
i^
having silver studs, argent-studded ;

'/

',

transfixed with silver nails

a nail.

,",
,
,

(^,

and by Sync.

a, ov,

s, b

to

paternal.

incorruptible, immortal, eternal;

corrupt, to spoil.

]'>,
,
/, , , ,

,
,

to ascend, to

climb

light, for

and

a, b

f.

-,

1.

f.

1.

,,

to

tiie

from

4-5

>;, ,

7),

Th.

46

3 sing. aor. 1. mid. 48

clear-voiced

a herald
f.

1.

',

from

to

make one

neuter signification,
i.

to sit

from

to shine.

, sonm-oiis,

49
50

sit, to

from

b,

a herald.

Vid. a, 321.
sometimes

place, to settle:
id.

A'^id.

it

has o3

a, 48.

before the people assembled.

e.

Nestor reigned, and

Th.

o.

sound, to speak.
proclaim solemnly, to convene by proclamation, 51

', ,

to

from a, priv.

-^, ,
', ,

by Pleonasm of

,
, , ., ,

"I

a father.

and

to act as

Kj

a Pylian: from

a,

ij,

Pylos,

where 5 4


72

55

.,

KEY TO HOMER.

1.

f.

to convene, to

call

'
-,,)
,
,,
,
,,
,
,

),

condensed, dense, close, firm

prudent, cunning; in ^. 281.

phalanxes moved along. Th.
comes from
Adv. densely;

hence

1,

f.

to

also, metaphorically,

the close

t),

which (as

bv, id.

if

and
;
and firmly, to

closely, accurately, intelligently

form

condense, to

closely

'

fortify.

and

together; from

to

1.

f.

prepare, to array, todraio up. Th.

to fit

may
3 sing, imperf. mid.
signify either /?e procured a full council, or he framed a prudent counsel
first interpretation is preferred by Damn.
'EpVTTViov,
a dream, a vision during sleep ; it is sometimes
taken adverbially, (as in this line,) to signify, during sleep, in sleep.

the

56

,,

, ',
',
, , ,, , ,
EUoq,

53

TO, exterior aspect, form, figure, air; chiefly, however,

Th.

the countenance.

to see.

Th.
?/, a, great.
Th.
to produce
vid. a. 115. where Damn
the same manner as in this passage but it appears
bulk, sise.

stature.

interprets

in

, , ',.
,,

there to signify rather natural disposition.

",,

Adv. most

near, vv'hich takes after

tive

it

we sometimes

for

Adv.
as near as possible : from
generally a Genitive, and sometimes a Da-

closely,

for

pluperf.

Thus
from tpyw

find

of

resemble; vid.

to

for
and
from
all which assume an augment besides the augiTient of
the perfect, so tliat they should be written
but, by a poetic license, this auglent is transferred from the first to
the second syllable.
Vid. a. 31. under
aor. 2. mid. of
71

a. 47.

>,

for

.',
,,

,,' ,),, .
,

to

or

fiy

to

away

fiy

part. pres.

compounded

from

73
74

is

borrows

/, ,
it

[Some consider

''

wliich by Sync, for

as the part, of aor. 1.

but though
(from which

and

. middle form, derived from

and

of

the most usual form of the verb, yet

its fut. 1.

is

not to be rejected.]

I will prove, I will try, fut. mid. of

Ion. for

'

having many fastenings

,
,, ,

It is an epithet of a large ship,

or manil seats, many-benched.
and
from
has many rowers sitting on the naval

^,

which

. ,,

KaOsdpa, a naval bench

)/, which sometimes signifies
on which the rowers sit sometimes a key, a bar, whatever fastens a
Eusis Ion. for
sometimes the key-bone
gate
a bench for rowers, is derived from
tathius remarks that

'
,
",
,, . ,
:

to

75

,
break

heca.u.se there

Adv.

elsewhere,

from another quarter;

dispersed in different directions.

77
t],

Wa,

Ion. for

&c. a. 486.

sandy

from

a,

, ,, ,, ',,
, , ,,
,
,,
, ,

from

and

to

administer

chief; also

leader,

6,

6, id.

any thing,

one's self the ca-re of

initial letters

and

to take

on

turn one's attention to any thing,

to deliberate prudently :

to

counsellors.

the same as

is

7Q

govern, to rule,

and

to

plan; from

leaders

id.

to excel in counsel, to

1.

f.

and

6,

Th.

to lead.

in the middle voice,

ILIAD '.

or

to declare, to tell

be reduplicated, as

it

signifies,

to

if the 80
accu-

tell

and with many words. Damn observes that neither of these

any harsh or chiding address, though the
verbs
and
do convey the idea of harsh reproof.
from which these verbs are formed, takes its tenses from
a lie, a falsehood ; from
f. 1.
to de- 81

rately

,, , ,

verbs, of themselves, imply

ceive.

^, ,',
,
,
', ,
,, ,
by Att. Sync,

,
,

in the active voice

to

Adv.

and

apart, separately

to lead the

way,

to

pi. aor. 2. ind.

arise in ordeT to

1.

f.

'.

execute something:

and

from

move against,

to

", ,. ,

and

pidly or wilh force: from

to

reject,

from

is

make a com- 84

take the lead, to

mencement.

Homer

which

accompany.

to

1.

f.

of

1 pi. aor. 2. optat.

move aside, is not used by

withdraw one's self; also,

to

Th.

shrink from.

or vb,

for

to separate, to

1.

f.

, ,..
mote towards,

85

move ra- 86

to

vid. a. 173.

a people, a nation, a tribe, a herd, a flock, a swarm, 87

it is used properly in reference to men, but frequently also to other animals ; from
manner, custom
denoting those whom intercourse and similarity of manners have
joined together.

584.

a multitude,

,, ,
,,,

., ,. ' ,
,

or

Dor,

soft,

bee.

?/,

Th.

honey

for

thick,

close,

crowded, as here

sometimes, tender,

weak, as in the Od. a. 93.

^, where

according to some, fat

; but, according to others, tender and toeak,

it may,
however, be interpreted, lohite ; for sometimes
according to
Constantine, has that signification
also, miserable, lamentable.
Eustathius says that this adjective has the five significations of

signifies,

.,

^/,

,,, .
:

ciently,

and
Adv. suffiTh.
or
abundantly, which sometimes governs a Genitive, and some-

times

used absolutely.

,
,
^,
,,
,,
,
,, ^, , , ,
,,
is

stone,

for,

by

, and Ion.

,,^
7],

which, (by Sync, for

its

own

weight,

it

falls to

a rock

is

from

derived from

ov,

6,

88

the ground.

f. 1.
Th.
bunch of grapes ; from

hollow, excavated.

Adv.

^.,tofali

in a cluster, like a

to dig.

a grape.

to fly;

all

tbese

89

, ,
,
, ,

verbs are formed from

glide, to fall

f.

mid.
used deponently

pi. perf. pass,

expand,

to stretch out, to

1.

which occurs in the next

perf.

KEY TO HOMER.

74

line,

has

Ion. for

for the present tense.

fut. 1.

t(*

mid.

^,

a flower: compounded cf
and
because
applied metaphorically to whatsoever is peculiarly
excellent, as in v. 484.
the fioicer of youth.
90
Adv. closely; sometimes, sufficiently, abundantly, enough.
Th.
or
to heap together, to collect together.
[Som^e derive
''AvOoQ, eog,

shoots upwards

it

",

it

, ,
,,

from

"

from

deduce

^,

1.

f.

from

f.

to

and

by

3 pi. imperf. mid.

'iXaSdv, Adv. (paXayyTiSbv

,,,

is

,,

tofow.']

; formed from
pleonasm for

advance in order

to go, to

id.

used with a Genitive.

sometimes, the bank of a river ;
sprinkle, to pour over,
because it is washed by the waves. [Some

ait, always,

1.

aor. 2. of

sometimes

the shore of the sea

r),

because there

in the sea, or because all waters are there col-

,, ,
,,, ,
', ,

lected into one.]

92

93

the sea, as tv

abundance of water

is

,
^

poet,

\,

in troops, in companies;
a company of soldiers, a troop of
horse, a rank of combatants, or persons assembled for any purpose.
Th.
vid. a. 317.
voice, rumour, a divine and ominous voice ; also, an
omen: from otp,
a voice, as if oxpa.
f. 2.
perf. mid. dkdya. Ion. for dkdaa, pluperf. mid.
aor. 2. subj. mid.
to set on fire, to inflame, to burn.
94
f. 1. iwco, to incite, to encourage, to urge on; from
Nom. sing. fem. part. pres.
to be rough, to be
95
f. 1. '), a poetic verb for
tumultuous, to be disturbed and clamorous: from
poet, for
rough, hard :
3 sing, pluperf.
a groan
f.
to groan ; from
1.
issuing from pain ; which is from
s, b, and
96
s, 6, noise from the confused voice of many persons speaking loudly, din, uproar ; hence, an assembled multitude; from ojms and
f. 1.
Hence
to excite an uproar.
indecl. nine.
Th.
a, ov,, new, last, for this number is
the last unit, by Apocope.
the last of the simple digits, as if

from

which

,
,
,
,
,
", , ,

is for

,
,
,, , , ,
,, ,, ,,
,

,,

",

.,

',

,,
',

, ,.

.
,>
,
'
,

97

cog, 0,

aloud

98

them. Ion. for

f.

1.

an ox

of

effort,

cry aloud, to shout, to vociferate ; from /Sag,

or
to cry
or
very, and

Ion. for

'

whose
3 pi. aor. 2. optat. mid. of
here
has the signification

from the obsoleto

compound

'),

, , ay

labour;

to repress, to restrain.

haste, diligence, alacrity,

here signifies

prompt

implies some difficulty; though some interpret

}.(^.

for

,
its

to

or from,

fut. 2. is

90

,, .
,

),

Th.

f.

1.

to urge,

to

ivill,

it

hasten;

zeal,

earnest

561. and

icj

which

is

from

.
,
,

to

,
,

U.IAD '.

pursue a way,

to

7'
being the

follow a course,

'
,
'^
'
'
, , ,,
, ,
,,,,
,
,", , ,
,
,
,
,,
!^ame as

7]',

Boeot. for
192.

',
vid.

,,
, , sometimes

seat

distinction, as in

the seat

id.

161.

vhich

pi. aor. 1. ind. pass,

from

e.

given to one for the sak6 of

is

Aavaoi

pi

tcere tcont to

grace with a superior

"

thee the

Danai, swift-horsed,

mess of ho)ioar, and the brimsometimes denotes, the place where many sit

ming cup," &c.

seat, the

together, a settlement, a habitation

i.

cities.

e.

Th.

to sit.

3 sing. aor. 2. ind. for

from
to accomplish 101
to gain bii the tolls of war, speaking of captives,
;
341.
A^d. a. 168.

icith labour

, , and
Mercury, as one
the messenger of the gods

a messenger

6,

an epithet of 103
being

icho transmits messages,

from

to

carry over, to transmit.

Argus y another epithet of Mers, 6, Argus, who had a hundred eyes, and
cury from
to slay
or, according to some, as if
ra
not polluted by murder, for Mercury is a god of peace, pacifying by his eloquence the angry passions of the enraged.
s, o, Mercury, poet, for
, 6 from
to speak, 104
to tell, with a change of the breathing.
, Pelcps, son of Tantalus, and grandfather of Aga6,

the slayer of

,.

memnon.

, 6,

same as

, ,
and

an epithet of a noble

is

military chieftain; a horseman, a knight: from

f.

1.

to

Pelops was famed for his equestrian skill, having

on his arrival in Greece from Phrygia, vanquished, in the chariot-race,
CEnomaus, a prince of Peloponnesus, who offered his kingdom and
his only daughter, Hippodamia, as the prize to him who should subdue
him in the course. Yid. Hist, of Pelops.
b
possessing many lambs, rich in flocks; from 106
strike,

and

,
,
,
,
', ,
,
'.
,
,
,
,
, , ,
/cj

and

''

Kj

,
,a

lamb.

ov, b, Thyestes, brother of Atreus.

vi^hich

for

as

is for

for

Vid. a. 511.

from
bear
an island; from

to carry, to

/, ,

rj,

or to float, in the surrounding sea.

a sea-girt

isle.
f.

1.

',

id.

to

Od.

to lean against,

'

",

'.
it

a. 90.

107

^,

appears to swim, lOB

in
iv

X. 235. to struggle against, to

prop, to support, to strengthen, to fix ;

any thing, to do any thing tcith all one^s might

, ov,

Th.

swim, as

109

apply earnestly
here, to lean an:
to

to

to join, to connect.
mid. Th.
and
, Mars, the god of war sometimes the Norn. 110
sometimes also
occurs, whence the Gen.
and Ion.

part. aor. 1.

Gen. " A joor, whence Ion.

,'.
:

also

It signifies also,

KEY TO HOMER.

impetuosity
to

,
,

knock violently

"/,
111
112

or

e.

i.

",

to kill:

biyid.

lov, denotes actively, the infiicter of miseries on others

but

it has principally a passive and intransitive

compelled to undergo many labours, miserable

,,
',
, , ,
,
,
, ,,
,
,

hostile, cruel, severe

who

signification, one

is

wretched, wicked; patient, indefatigable,

and
113

or

most valiant heroes.

to entangle ; from

^,

and

1,

v.

a calamity

7)

ministers of Mars,
f.

a warlike weapon; sometimes

569. Th. a. intens. and
to break

,
,

wound,

also, a

v;ar, military valour, the fortune oftvar,

fc.

164, from

to suffer, to bear.

to

have

3 sing. aor. 2. mid. oi

vid. a. 514.
for
Dat. sing. part. aor. 1. of

.
'^,
', , ,
,
,^

'

19.

vid.

1.

f.

go away,

to

to

depart, to return

from

vid. a. 32.

114

fraud, deceit

from

vid.

a. 526.

115

fame, glory

116

kj

inglorious; from

which comes from

;
,
,
.

,,

Th.

(poet.
to sub-

,,

as

thus, for distinction, he designates

for

vmy

,
,
, '.
thus,

119

for

bv

whence

ject to the discourse of men.

6)
all-powerful, omnipotent^
strength.

117

"

signify, a citadel, tower,

bulivarks offull many a city low,"

pa,
base, disgraceful,

Compar.

reproachful, deformed.

,
,

Th.
forms from

or

bulwark; and

" Who hath

laid the

unworthy, vile; sometimes,

':, , ,
, a term indignation, and the
or

Superlat.

baseness, disgrace,

of
infamy ; which Damn
sound X, which men utter when expressing disgust others derive it
to have, as that which a man is unwilling to
from a, priv. and

,
. ,
,
,, ,

have.

for posterity, poet, and Ion.

part. fut. of

120

,,,,
,
,
,
,
,,
for

Adv. ^ol. for

for
and

lov, foolish,

,,
:

for

(thus the ^.ol. say

Dat.

&c.) in vain, injuriously, rashly. Hence

and
Adv. rashly,

\}/.

irrational;

without care or thought.

121

it is

unfinished, vain, fruitless, useless, for

to do, to effect.
But some interpret

from a, priv. and

an interminable war ; if this be its signification,
to go through, formed by Sync, from
derived from

fut. 1. of

122

f.

Vid.

to pass over.

to tcage

Att.

war.

pi,

for

1.

war,

to fight, to

. 61.
, ov,few, easy to be

,.

carry on a war
contend; from

to

,,

terminated; sometimes, s/ioit ; Compa, pov, fewer; sometimes, worse, inferior; from

par.

to

make one

cease, to finish.

,, ,

,/ ,

plan, an object,

Compare

taken.
TO, 8

ILIAD

77

any thing determined and fixed, a deteitnined purpose

for the accomplishment of Avhich anything is under138, whence

1.

evp'

i.

e.

appears that

it

here signifies

the recovery of Helen

'

no effect as yet appears, i. e. there is not yet any appearance of our object being effected where
is 3 sing. perf.
pass. vhich, in verbs ending in
frequently retains, lonically,
the characteristic v.

,
;

",

,,

8, TO, a covenant cmifirrned by an oath; sometimes also, a

solemn oath; sometimes, whatever is used in ratifying a treaty ;
as in

. 245.
But

,,)"

'

,",

1"24

(i. e.

the heralds, through the city, were bearing the diiiiie offerings, confirmatory of faith, two lambs, and heart-exhilarating wine.
Thus

-,
', ,

is
immolate the victims
usually slain to confirm an oath. Th.
, an oath, \id.a. 233.
bv, deserving credit, faithful, sure, certain ; as if

from 3 sing. perf. pass, of

to persuade.
are called
from their effect not that they are always obseri^ed faithfully,
but because strict observance is due to them hence they are so desig'
nated even when they are disregarded, as in . 157.
and have trampled under foot their sacred oaths.

,,[",

'

',

f. 1.
(vid.
a. 460,) to cut, to cut off;
an Ionic phrase, same as the Latin " icere fcedus,"
strike
covenant.
may here, as in . 245, be understood as the
lambs, whose forelocks were cut off, and distributed to all those by
whom the covenant was to be observed.

is

'

'
,
, ',,

" he cut

the forelocks of the lambs, of which the heralds

Grecian chief a portion, and to all the chiefs of Troy."
off'

be so understood,
f.

,,

,,

1.

to

has here

number

',,

its

proper signification.]
to be

a number; which comes from

].

numbered; from

to fit, to

adapt, be-

cause a number results from the union of units

or, as if
from apt and
because number is a discrete quantity.
poet, for

,,
f.

1.

^,

,
,
' ,
, '-

toplace, to put together, to choose, to select, to collect,

bring forwai-d in words, to speak, to make one

mid. ft lie dow7i, to reckon over, to select, &cc.

to

,
-

gave to every
273, If it

, present at

one's

own

lie

doum ;

aor. 1. inf. mid.

hearth, having one's oum.

as many as
home in that city. He is sometimes called
who is at home, or who has returned home the
epithet is sometimes applied to one who has fixed his abode in a

hearth and household gods, domestic ;

are citizens, i. e. as many as have a

,,

foreign land or city. Th.

the hearth ; and hence, a home,
a habitation, or, according to some, the altar which was erected near the
hearth; which comes from
same as
or
was, amongst the Attics, a goddess who instructed men in the

*",

art of building houses

Ion. for

she was called Vesta by the

Romans.

h2

125

78

126

in order
a. 16.

KEY TO HOMER.

adog,

sometimes,

to

indecl. ten.

to distribute, to dispose in order,

adorn; hoxn
by Sync, for

,
,
,
.,

optat. pass.

128

,
^, ,

a decade; from

1.

f.

to

draw up

vid.

ov, 6,

1 pi. aor. 1.

.
,
,
^^ --

Aevoiaro, Ion. for ^thoivro, 3 pi. pres. optat. of

134.
598.
ov, o, a cup-bearer.
Vid.
129
by Sync, for
which is put poet, for

Ace.

139

pi.

',

,, ,
,,
dwell in

to inhabit, to

vid. a.

also, to be placed, to be situated

here

/,

used with a Preposition, but frequently without one ; from

j
thus in 1. 626,
i. e.
to be placed as a heap or 7nass
vaisai
the islands which are situated, &c.
6 )
an assistant, properly in war, an ally, an
auxiliary ; from ini and
a young man, as it devolves mostly on
f. 1
young iKcn to serve in military expeditions hence
Observe that
to be an auxiliary, to come as an auxiliary.

,
,
[
,
,
,
,
,
<

poi and

of those

who

differ in this respect

are attacked

di

are the allies,

who

of those

are the assailants

In'iKspoi are also to be distinguished from the native troops

they are

from another country, and are therefore called, in i. 491.

called from many councalled from afar: and in S. 438.
tries.
and
have distinct significations, the
latter denoting far famed.
a
131
spear-brandishing ; from
a, 6 Kj
f. 1.
aor.
spear, (which comes from
to hold,) and

(,

,'^, , ,,
1.

132

to brandish.
f.

1.

the right way,

to

make one wander

to lead astray,

to

baffle

. 396,

Od.

wander,

or err, to lead aside from

sometimes,

to disturb,

as in

but he disturbed them drinking

,
,,

91.
for
to permit. \^id. a. 276.
poet. 3 pi. pres. ind. of
vid. a. 221.
134
Ion. for
3 pi. perf. ind. of
The Ion.
as the perf. mid. vid. a. 144.)
(but some consider
and shorten the
and
omit the of the perfect tenses of verbs in
in . 477.
Hence also the participle
antepenultimate.
to

^
^,^
^,
' ' ^,
.
, , ,
/3

" aroutid

286. ot
body," for

"

and

icho fo^ight

this for

but to stand fast

,,

comes from
all

f.

a year, from

the variations of the sun and

from

Otliers derive

as

135

it

were, into

itself.

tsfct, the timbers,

Nom.

pi. of

,)

(Ion.

to

to fill,

1.

hence also, in p.
around Fatroclus'
also in p. 359.
around him, by Sync, for

his brother stalking:^'

complete

for in

,
it

id.

which

are completed

moon, and the changes of seasons.

iivai,

because the yeax returns,

vid. a,

303.

,
,
', ,

trid, to rot

aor. 2.

1.

f.

, ,,
ILIAD '.
to

perf.

putrefy

to

7^

grow

ptt-

>
^

mid.

ov, TO, a rope, a cable, so called from

of broom, because ship-tackle used to be made of the fibres of this
was a reed that grew in a dry soil.

,
,
,

cies

a spe-

plant, which, according to Pliny,

,
,
^,
,
,
,

Th.

1.

f.

fut. 2.

to

$.

have been slackened, have been marred, 3 pi. perf. pass, of

vid. a. 13.

,' ,

E'iarai, poet, for earai,

},

vid. a. 134.

mid. or

to receive

for

part. perf. pass,

i^

a, priv.

or

govern.

to

pi. pres. ind. of

pi. oi

to

137

expect, to

part. pres.

vid. a. 20.

from

unfinuihed, imperfect, unaccomplished

,
,, ,

and
command,

pi. imperf.

for

), Dat.

ALol. for

'

to

Ion. for

is

for

Att. and Ion.

1.

f.

await, to hope,

which

also

accompLish, to effect

A'id. a. 41.

from 138

also, to rule,

one's native country,

140

the city or country where one has been born

,,

and

first

brought up ; from
is
But j)
id. vid. a. 30.
generally used as an adjective, with yaia, as in this line
with ala,
" the Greeks will
as in 0. 172.
remember their native soil ; with dpapa, in Od. a. 407.
cl
i^
where is his race and native soil?
;
we shall take, 1 pi. fut. ind of
141
f. 1.
to rouse, to excite, to disturb, to agitate, to move 142
to wrath : it is applied to the sea, as in 1. 294.
Tt
and the agitated sea. Th.
vid. a. 10.
a multitude; sometimes, ths populace, the people
145
id. from
a, ov,full.
;

',

',
, ,

,,, , ,
,,
,

',
^
f.

1.

cav, " whosoever

,
,
,

It took its

to hear, to be

'

name

,,

and

" my courage mouiits,"

has been roused,
to assail^

flowing, as

it

were,

,
, ,
,

moisture, be, the south-east wind ; from

a moist and rainy wind.
perf. mid. of
which Att. for
by Metathesis for
'
has also a passive signification, as in 1. 797,
but inevitable war has arisen, or has been excited ;

8,

the pluperf. in 1. 810.

c'
tumult was excited or arose: we also meet with

also

f.

14

iytipovTui
either from Icarus, sou of Ddalus, or from a small

east.

it is

privy to

partners of his intent."

the Icarian Sea,

ov, 6, the east wind, as if

cause

icere not

island near Samos.

from the

,
,.

'.

1.

sometimes,

and much

in

498.

there strife arose; in v. 78.

or,

to
to

giving

it

a passive signification,

my

courage

rush on, to rush against, to assault, to attack,

pursue:

id.

In

all the significft-

1-1*5

KEY TO HOMER.

something of force and vehemence is implied, as also in the

which are very numerous in Homer,

tions,

,,
7,

significations of the simple

rush or to be borne or to be sent with force, to rush on, to hasten,

move with rapidity, to rise up, to fly, to run to ; the passive form,
is frequently used deponently, and sometimes signifies to

viz. to
to

full.

147

Th.

and tw,

a, intens.
8,

hearing

if

to go.

the west-wind, or rather the north-west, so called, as

life,

or those things

Sftpti

bound by the wintry frost,

hence in the Od. . 119.

earth,
forth

which pertain

av'iovTai,

', , ,
,
,,

is

opened, and

uesttoind bloicing produces these, i.e.

,
'
, ,
yrj'iov,

148

from

?"/

,
,,

standing corn, a

and

thus

when

field

of standing

'

change the

to life

since

all

blows, the
plants sprout

ra

the

it

com ;

is for

into

and

v. v.

Xiav
or very voracious, as if Xiav
474. Xatptvhence,
f. 1.
to speak rapidly and arrogantly ; and ib. 479. Xa-

^,

vehement, rapid, impetuous, immoderate, as

if

, immoderately loquacious.
f. 1.
to rush against, to blow impetuously , to blow
with a whirlwind; from
a storm ; which comes from
ante, 1. 146.
the (Egis,
or, according to others, from

,,,,

a,

" ,'
,

have been given

'

which was called " impetuous," and said to

inspire terror into men
as in o. 308. and 310,

a, 202.

vid.

to

SrHpiv,

,
,,

The tegis
was a gift

'*

shagg'd
to

terrific all around, tempestuous, dazzling bright ; it

Jove from Vulcan, and designed t' appal, and drive to flight the armies

of the earth.

f.

.,

to

i.

bend or bow down,

e.

,'

to incline to fall

to press,
with an Ace.
It is derived from
being prefixed.
, an ear of corn, the beard of corn, the whole fruit
with the ear and stalk ; from
, an ear of corn, a being
prefixed ; as
for
a grape hung up to dry
is derived from
an order, row, (because it contains regular rows of grains,) which comes from
aor. 2.
and
to pour :
go in order.
Some deduce it from
for the corn rests on the stalk, and the ears shed the grain vhen laid
by the wind.
149
s, o, a shoxit, peculiarly of soldiers exclaiming
which was an inarticulate exclamation of soldiers at the first onset of a
battle ; hence, in general, aiiy shout or yelling noise.
Some deduce
dXaXt) from liXa, Ace. sing, of
the sea, which constantly sends
forth a noise with the roar of its waves ; whence
and, by reduto titter
plication
Others derive it from a, intens. and
a sound, to speak ; or from a, i. e.
together, and
sometimes,
150
a poetic word, under, with a Gen. as here
underneath, below, without a case
id. from
and
also
low,
from
Adv. beloiv j also
id, for

sometimes,

strike,

weigh, or sink down,

,
,
,
,
,,
,,
,

',

.
,

/},

,
,

,
.
, ,
, ,
;,

', ,,
,
)
ILIAD '.

(fvepoi

the shades;)

the dead,

898.

', ,

hence
for
.
you should have been lower than any

,,,
,,,

of the celestials; from iv, Prep, and

and

occur,

JBl

the earth:

by Aphaeresis,

&c.

for

,,

sometimes, mire, dirt, sand, whether of the sea or river

also, ashes ; from
dust ; which,
according to Eustathius, is derived from
same as
to
cut, as if
according to others, from
to burn, for ashes are dust arising from burnt matter ; or, according
to Harmar, from Kivkiv, to move, because dust is easily raised by the
trampling of feet.
f. 1.
to raise, to lift up ; sometimes, to carry, to bear ; 151
take away, to carry away, to remove ; sometimes passively, as
also,
Kov'ia, (Ion.

dust

'

,
,
,
,
',
,
,, ,
,

the dust being raised

here,

This verb

elsewhere.

in

366, and

if

),

,
'

pres. inf. of
to draw.
a dike, a trench, a moat, through which a ship

Ion. for
6,

launched into the sea

i.

t)

says Eustathius.

1.

f.

out

to cleanse, to clean

to

,,

is

pi.

and

,, , , ,
.
,
,
,
,

go.

Th.

id.

but

1.

to take

^,

'

'/,

with the aspirate, from

Th.

desire, to wish, to long for.

f.

, ov,

',

to

away,

for

to

remove; from

pi. imperf.

then, truly.

Adv. contrary

and

/iopoj'

had been determined by fate

znd
a, 6, or

Minerva

,
,
,

to,

or against,
perf.

invincible, used only in the feminine, as an epi- 157

to wear out, to consume, to
from a,priv. and
JMinerva is so designated, because she is arpvharass.

;,

weary

from
Prep, contrary
fate; which is from

155

to ichat

to divide, to allot.

raid, of

thet of

contrary

to fate,

,,

'^,

154

to

to send.

to take or draio

by Tmesis

152
153

e.

make ckan ; which comes from

filth is removed by cleansing.
or
, ov, with the smooth breathing, from

imperf. from
for

and

, ,,

to raise into the air.

according to Eustathius, as

is,

out, to

not wearied
8,

the plural

'/,

by the labours of war.

'

,
-,

the back, the uppermost part of

sometimes for

^, the limbs or

any thing, a surface ; in 159

or

of the back ; which, because they are

considered as the best parts, were given to the principal guests, as a
the chine of a
mark of honour, and hence are called
or

,
,

beast

it is

derived, according to some, from

by inclining the back.

,-,

Dor.

for

and Ion.

,,

for

by Aphaeresis

and

flesh

,
,,

,,

the earth;

), ov, mild, gentle, soft, placid, soothing

f.

1.

to

make joyful

because we bend

hence

from a,

poet.

160
162

intens.

164

^,

,,
,

t.

467, of gentle mind; and in

772.

temper, mildness, hindness.

165

',

KEY TO HOMER.

82

t),

gentle

ov, propelled on each side;

as a ship which is propelled by oars on each

where an epithet of ships of large burden, which
carry soldiers and warlike stores. Th.
and

168

169

).

It is every

side.

', ,

to

1.

f.

rush or be borne

',

,,
,^

darting swift, Noni.

146.

be sent with impetuosltif

fern. sing. part. aor. 1. act.

Vid.

^,-

s,
^ , properly, of the same weight, equal, like;
from a, (which, in composition frequently denotes
and
and
a scale, hence
s,
tchat
is xceighed in a scale, a talent. The quantity of this weight is variously
represented Constantine and Damn remark, that in Homer it must be
considered as very small ; this they prove from
269, in the funeral
games for Patroclus, where Achilles destines, for the first chariotdriver, a maiden and an ear'd tripod ; for the second, a mare ; for the
" but
third, a cauldron ;

,
',

fourth he gave two golden talents,'' which last reward

must have
been of less value than any of the preceding.
is derived
from
to bear, to support, for the scales support the weights.
For the variety of the value of the talent, see Budaeus.
170
standing. Ace. sing. part, of the perf.
by Ionic
Sync, for
from
which is for
Observe that
aor. 2. and
perf. have a neuter signification
as here
But
has an active signifiso also in a. 535.
cation, as in . 346.
they placed the tripod
on the fire:
both active and neuter, to place, to stand. With
the preposition
this verb sometimes signifies, to defend.
a,
) , provided with good benches, well-benched ; hence,
from a part to the Avhole, xcell-built and equipped ; from
a bench, a plank extending from one side of a ship to the otlier, at
the extremities of which the rowers sit ; which comes from
f. 1.
7nove ; and it denotes, in respect to the rowers' seat,
and
are used poet, for
t?j
to the

,
'.
,
,
, , .' ',

\\%
,

,,,

.,, .,,
,

172
173

Adv. same

as
6

near.

i^

Vid.

58.

,,/,

y, very inventive, ready in device, wily, prur), counsel, device, art; also, cnft
;

and
; from
sometimes, a machine, an invention; which is from
id.
175
will ye fly ? 2 pi. fut. 1. mid. of
vid. a. 60.
176
would ye leave? 2 pi. aor. 2. optat. act. of
vid. a.
235.
'
179
"delay not" is the common translation ; but Damn
interprets it, " leaver not in mind," " do iwt hesitate ;"
2 sing,
vid. a. 303.
imperat. pres. of
183
a mantle, a cloak,
a garment occasionally thrown over the exterior tunic, to warm the body,
and defend it from the inclemency of the Aveather thus in 1. 262.
anb
strip you of
dent

,,
,

',

',

,,

',

ILIAD '.

a^

uour precious garments, the cloak and the tunic: so also in 7r. 223.
having filled it with
tunics and uind-expelling mantles.
Sometimes i)
was a robe
worn for ornament, or as a badge of honcur. Also, being a thick,
warm garment, it was used as a covering during sleep. It is derived
from
to tcaryn.
Its epithets are

,
,
,

from

,
,

^,

and to
cold,
accompany, to follow, to at- 184
tend, to be present with ; sometimes, to help
hence
6, a
-.con}panion, a follower.
It is derived from the aor. 2. of
f. 1.
to give a companion, to order one to follow ; also simply, to give
to afford, to follow, to accompany.
In the middle and passive forms,
07ra4'o/ii<t signifies, to he urged, to be pressed on; as in
493.
sc.
urged on by showers from Jove;
also, to receive a companion. Th.
to follow.
and Att.

to keep off, to repel,

f.

1,

]<,

to

,
,,

,.

f)poo,

5^,

,,

'.

opposite,

, eminent,

Kf

'7},

Ion. for

aor. 2. of

f.

1.

,
,

3 sing. aor.

1. ind. of

standing near, " approaching

to terrify

the middle foma

,
.

from

be pre-eminent, to excel.

a. 192.

Adv. a. 230.

superior, pre-eminen\

,
,
.
,
,
^
,
,,,
,, , ,
s,

,
-

]6,

to his side," part,

190

sometimes used actively, as in v. 810.

why do you thus terrify the Grecians?
;
occurs with the same signification, in . 790.
they feared his strong spear. Th.
vid. a. 33.
to make one sit, to place, to fix, to make one 191
quiet
to sit down, to remain at rest. Th.
or
id.

terrified:

is

^, ',
rest

',

Yid.

a.

Adv.

'

,
,

a. 454.

48.

clearly,

,,

formed from
spicuous. Th.

perspicuotisly

certainly,

,,, ,

safe, (a. 32,) and

" but soon he will chastise." Vid.

accurately;

truly,

neut. pi. of

on the other hand, on the contrary.

is

188

Vid. 189

to fear, to tremble, to be

185

j),

192

manifest, per-

light.

and

",

193
198

Th.
f. 1.
to hind ; for it
a society of men united together by certain laws and institutions.

Hence

ov, 6, a people, a state.

,,

used to denote, the populace, the people, in opposition

it also sometimes expresses the land itself, or
country of a people, as in f. 710.
iriova
is

,, /,

to the nobles or chiefs

Ba\Hiaits, possessing a very rich country.

3 sing. aor. 2. optat. of

vid. a. 329.

and

and
and threateningly

(,

violently

f.
,

1.

to

to chide,

,,
compounded of

encourage by a shout,

to threaten

,,

to

cry out 199

Ion.

vociferous en3 sing. aor. 1. ind. from o/xc/fX?),

ta
TH
couragement, a rebuke, a threat ; which is
be called at once or together ;
(Ion. without the augment,)

for

0,

658. 3

pi. imperf. of 0/(0?:

,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

84
and

200

from a, priv. and

Adv. without motion or

1.

f.

agitation, quietly

shudder, to fear ; hence

to

,
,, , ,
,,, ,,[
,,, ,
,,
^

a,

rj,

intrepid.

'A{Oi;,
,
,

K( tj, unwarlike ; from a, priv. and

for
'id. a. 61.
weak, void of spirit ; from a. priv. and
^
powerful defence, strong protection, power of body ; sometimes,'
^,
is from
strength of mind, fortitude ; which, as
f. 1.

war.

?),

to keep off, to bear assistance:

202

or

great vigour.

any account, of any estimation; from

a number. Vid.
1. 124.

a, oKjrj, of

Prep, and

s, 6,

sometimes used in a depreciating sense,

Latin " nos numerus sunius," Hor. Epist. I. 2. 1. 27.]
203
by no means.
f. 2.
to-be a king, to bear sway, to rule.

as'the

is

Vid. /3a-

,
,,
,
', ,
],, ,
- ,
, -,
a. 9.

204

,,

Ion. for

the government of

and
comes from
govern, to command,

many, where there is a plurality of rulers from

a, b, a leader, a commander ; which, as if
;

Hence

the head.

1.

f.

to

to

207.
thus he commanding, or acting with authority, &c.
[Eustathius forms
as if Ts
the master of time, i. e. opportune season.]
be a leader, to bear sway

205

s,

jectives

may

kj

as in

i],

1.

, ,

and

terminate either in

ders,) having complicated plans, crafty, politic

from

for

compound,)

,
^,
,

this

oblique, curved, round,

,
,
and in
nearly round,) and

the curved bows;

least

206

ov, crooked,

207
209
210

to direct.

%)),

,,

(these ad-

(as in

is its

6.

iCog,

ante,

Vid. a. 166.

?/',

209.
round

chariot, at

counsel, plan.

over,

bear sway in the midst

to

,,
1.

Ion.

signification in

the

to rule

from tv. Prep, and

(which

39.

),

1.

f.

in respect to both gen-

or

203.

Vid.
a. 157.
the sea,
to break, and
from
because the waves are broken on the shore ; or, according to others,
because it is land near
alcti^
TO
to the sea.
[There were two cities named ^^gialus ; one in Achaia ;
the other in Paphlagonia
their inhabitants were called
a shout, tumult.

the shore

, ,,,
,
f.

.]

to roar.

1.

f.

1.

resound;

to

it

is

particularly used

in respect to the noise of waves, or thunder

an
appears, according to Damn, to be derived from
p^v expresses, in geneabsolete theme, but the root of many words
from
Some derive
ral, any harsh and noisy sound.
is dethe hand, as if with the clapping of hands ; and

whence

it

,,

21

212

,,

rived from
our hands.

to divide,

(!

, 6,

because

we

divide

for

ThersiteSj a noble

Grecian

and arrange things by

was son of

AgriusL, tii

ILIAD '.

, ',
,
,
,
, ,

brother of (Eneus,

5'

his deformity both in

celebrated for

mind and

body.

^,

, ov, alone.
, talkative beyond measure,

Ion. for

" of loqiiacious
not having any limit to
his talk ; from a, priv,
a,
a measure, and
to speak,
f. 1.
vid.
a. 575.
without any order or reason, unbecoming, scur- 213
,
/^
vid.
rilous ; from a, privTSLna
16.
6 Kf
tongue ungovern'd ;" sk

,
,
,
, , ,',
,
^,
,
,
,^ ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,

214
215

decorously.

3 sing. aor.

vid.

1. opt.

poet, for

ter.

Th.

. 228.

ridiculous,

what

excites

laugh-

599.

vid. a.

having distorted eyes ; as if

from 217
draw.
sometimes, the foot,
ov, lame, halting ; from
one afflicted in the foot.

s, 0, cross-eyed,

and

the eye,
r),

as

if,

to

,
,.
,

bv, curved, gibbous, convex.

Th.

f.

218

1.

incline, to bend.
f.

restrain

1.

to

make

cohere, to bind together, to contract, to

perf. part.

Aav.from above,

,
,

Th.

id.

Th.

Prep.
olv
219
has his head moulded sharp to a peak,

above, on high, over.

bv, having a sharp-peaked head:

who

one

or whose head

cvb, , bv,

or

f.

1.

thin, rare, slender

],

by Sync,

for

^^,

from

,,.,,

to scrape, to pare, to lessen.

flower above, to be like a flou-er on the sumthe perf. mid. of this verb, which is used by
but, by inserting o, it becomes
the poet, should be regularly
Th.
to
and, by an Attic reduplication,
f.

1.

to

mit, to be sprinkled over

,
,
,
,, , , . ,
,, ,

from
Others deduce this poetic
(comto run over, to extend one" s-self over , as if
and
or
and they form it thus;
by
it were for
into o, (as in
hence, by changing the penultimate
Metath.
6cc.) the perf. mid. becomes
in
from
from
and, by the Attic reduplication,
intens. and
rj, down, very soft hair ; from
hairy.
This description
b Kf
b, soft hair : or from
of Thersites' person is thus forcibly translated by Cowper
Cross-eyed he was, and, halting, moved on legs
111 -paired ; his gibbous shoulders o'er his breast,
Contiacted, pinched it ; to a peak his head
Was moulded sharp, and sprinkled thin with hair
Of starveling length, flimsy and soft as down.
vid. a. 521
221
3 sing, imperf. of
Ion. for
vid. a. 46.
222
b, part. perf. mid. of
vid, a. 22 >
Adv. vehemently, dreadfully: from
146.
to be indignant, to be enraged, to be angry, i
f. 1.

flower.

pounded of

',
,

,
/,

^,
^, ,

,,

^,

,{,

86

reprehend

denotes a

Tivi

KEY TO HOMER.

->1^,

to be angry with one,

with just reprehension of his acts
3 pi. aor. 1. ind. pass,
for
the
being doubled poet., and the augment omitic,

,
', , ,",
,
,
.
ted Ion.,

any crime

and

1.

f.

which comes from

to attribute.

may be unjust,
goddess who particularly punishes

225

Nemesis,

is just

also the

is

the unjust.

',
^),
, ,, ,
,,, ,, , ,
Ion. for r, used for

sc.

8.

Yid.

2 sing. pres. subj. of

Ion. for

vid. a. 65.

1.

f.

desire

or

wont of; also, to wish for, to

which is an Ionic verb, derived

gape

to

or,

according to some, from

ask for.

,
-,
^,
,^, , , , .
,
,^,
,
,
,
^,
, ^,
6

icj

Th.

out, to select.

select, clioice

',

Vid.

1.

f.

Th.

full.

to

be,

to

fit.

a.

from

to choose

out,

to

to take.

s'ing.

to

mix,

Ion. for

want.

232

and

tofll.

1.

f.

draw

229

a. 9,

of the

id.

poet, for

Hence
227

to

have something

to

226

or

,
-,,

from

. 80.

anger,

name

to u-ant, to be in

from

when
whence

ri,Jvst indignation, just reprehension,

attributed to one

is

pres. subj. of

to

134.

fut. 2.

, friendship,

to

mingle, to unite;

Hence

2 sing. pres. subj.

engage in battle, . 386.
Ion. for

to

mix

also,

endearment, connubial love

love,

from

vid. a. 20.

233

234
235

detain, to keep under restraint; from

to

^,, ^,

tain, to possess

an Ion. verb, fiom

Ion, for

{;,

soft , effeminate , slothful,

',
", ,, ,

ripe,

to

1.

,
,,

,.

an epithet peculiarly of

,
-,

who

fruit

Metaph.

,
,
,

remiss; also, mild, sweet

55.

cook; for the iVuits are ripened

to

applied to one

introduce, to lead into

pres. infin.

term of friendly appellation, as in

f.

to ob-

2 sing. pres. subj.

Ion. for

it is

frequently a

Th.

by the sun.

reproach, disgrace, baseness, ignominy, peculiarly

avoids the combat

for it is derived

from

re
a rei. e.
which denotes
jection of the spear, which was esteemed the greatest reproach. Hence
6 i^ , deserving reproach, disgraceful, ignominious; and
to
I.

,,
,

^,

disgrace,
f. 1.
Superlat.
also
dishonour, to reprehend, to confute, to prove, to examine, to despise,
518., and
s, b. an accusation, a proof, a conviction, a ma-

its

,
,

' ,
.
,, ,

Some deduce

nifestation.

to prove,

cause proof brings matters to light.

237

by Apoc.

for

238

',

^ol.

Ace.

for

for

pres. infin.

pi. of

vid.

to cook, to dress, to digest;

Th.

to assist in defence.

to

manage.
A^id.

Vid. a. 64.

. 67.

be-

a. 29.

Ion.

,
,
,
,, ,

ILIAD '.

87

remUs, jiegiigcnt, discarding with neglect; 241

to dismiss.

Th. '7],

viJ. a. 48.

1.

speak

ov address with vehemence,

from

,
',
,,,
,', , , ,,, ,, , , , , ,
f.

to

pleonasm,

to

reprimand ;
3 sing. perf. ind. mid. Th.

rebuke severely,

///,

for

to,

to

by a

is,

'243

poet,

Vid.

/5.80.

s,

iCf

man of

inconsiderately, a

(which

not select, confused,

Judge,) and

one who speaks 24'6

indiscreet tongue

from

//,

to select,

to

from a, priv. and

is

vid. a. 25.

and

poet, for

i^j

248

properly denotes one,

dia
who obtains his livelihood by the work of his hands ;
then in a reproachful sense,
who is inferior in
uorse, inferior:

^,

hands

his

to the strong.

10, 80.

the mouth,

mouth

the

to cut, for

an Attic comparative of

It is

,,
,
,
)', ,

,
,
,
",
,

derived from

is

itself is

1.

f.

to keep, to

perf.

a fissure, and in

or, as if
from
a cutting, a section. [Some deduce
.SATAM or STOM, to closc, to shut-l

by the teeth

vid. a.

it

mid. of 2-50
is cut

the food

it

s, , food, and
from the Hebrew word

,,,(

251

the heart, to rail at, to revile, to de-

256

watch,

,,

to observe, to

guard:

it

pro-

watch and guard the gates of a city, lest the enemy

should rush in, being derived from
a gate ; hence
, a watchman, a guard. Some derive the verb from
u iribe, the fourth part of the city at Athens, because the tribes
mounted the guards
perly denotes,

to

'.

1.

f.

priv.

wound

to

',

from

ride, to cavil at;

if,

().

1.

f.

and

to rave, to be

mad,

,. ,
,,
,
.5
,

'

\.

to strip ojf ;

,
,
,
,,

a garment, a vest

rasis, for
I'ce,

and

, , ,,
either the

vid.

bly,

Th.

1.

,,
to

f.

from 258

259
260

Th.

), or.

from 261

to put on.
Ace. pi. by 262

shame, reve;
worthy of reverence, deserving respect, ve-

',

to see.

460.
approach with force,

enwrap

from

to

,.
to strika,

to shalceforci-

2G4

bring near, to draw near.

a. 54.
; from
a blow ; from
to, the back, the part of the body between the shoul- 265
as if
behind the parts
and

, ,,

from
about the heart.
:

,.,,,

iEol.

a.

1.

Aav.from

ders

5, by Tmesis

to cover all over, to

1.

,,
f.

>;^,

Ace. sing, of

from a, priv. and

f.

Tio

to be beside one's-self;

aidola, the privy parts, the groin

crahle, are derived

mid. of

perf.

or cuw, to enter, to put on.

'

',

above; from
Telemachus, son of Ulysses and Penelope.

to be on, to be

may be

and

the heart,

a. 55.

8,

the assembly

a stroke, a

stripe,

',

88

266

^,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

to bend backward, to tuist, to writhe; from

move, particularly in a curved line ; the prefixed iota may
iv'iov, the back of the head, a nerve in the buck of the
be taken from
most frequently denotes, to bend hack the head.
neck ; for

f.

1.

f.

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
',
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
'.
',
, , , , ,
,
,
, ', ,

1.

to

pa, pbv, flourishing, shooting forth, gushing from

send forth shoots, to flourish.
to fall from, to Jail out; via,
a. 2 A3.
3 sing. aor. 2. ind.
Ion. for
lyyog,
the livid and swollen appearance arising from a
267
f. 1.
blow, a livid welt. Th.
an Ionic verb, which sigf.

to

1.

,
,
,
,, ,
,
-,
,
,
,

nifies

thump, to bruise,
from
a. 303.
;
arise from under; compounded of
has the signification of
to be coifused in mind, either from fear or great

to

where

and

268

to

f.

1.

bloody

respect, to be terrifled, to tremble with fear.

disturb, to trouble

269

f.

hence

to suffer

I.

pain, to

Th.

1.

f.

fear, terror, confusion of mind.

smart ; from aXyog, a. 2,

, useless,

'

from
of no avail,
The neuter
a. 341.
is used
is generally joined to the partiIn this passage
adverbially.
after which there is a comma, and it is interpreted
ciple
denoting a vain direction of his eyes to the people, beIf
cause no one was moved by his miserable appearance.
a, 6

, priv,

ic)

and

vid.

3,

be referred to
must denote "

as

-/,
,,
",
^, ,

id,

to wipe,

put for

f.

neighbouring, near

1.

,
\,
,,

n,

,,
,

veighing

^3,

from

is

to squeeze out.

from

07ie

who

',

offers insult

uttering insulting loords against any one, in-

r),

and

denotes generally the same as

here,

3 sing.

which

as if

a. 147.
3 sing. perf. mid. of
6, a railer, a calumniator,
a. 232,
42.
vid.

from

276

to wipe away ;
irom
and

Th.

near.

272
275

and some others suggest, the following

I.

f.

mid.

1. aor.

271

Damn

for."

excite, to stimulate,

truly, a. 6.

. 34.

,,
. ,,^, ,-

, very stout and strenuous, intrepid, very manly,

ic)

generous, and confldent

ruling men ; or

also, very ferocious,

', , ,

one presuming too

Vvopty

to

admire, and

,, ,
^

haughty

e.

Hence

from

,,
f.

1,

,,

fut. 2.

if

manly strength, fortitude,

waster or destroyer of cities,

',

or from

manliness, strength, as

mind, haughtiness.
proper name, Agenor, the son of Antenor.
a. 521.
same as
277

',

Ty

boldness, insolence of

278

ss if

much the man or

much on his strength

very

to lay waste, to

is

also a

plunder

,
,
, ,,
,

(.,
as

and

a. 19.)

,
,

, ov

vid.

a city, for which frequently

,
,

from

,
,
,
,
.
,
, ,
which

,,

as if

is

from

perf.

mand silence

use the sound of

mid. of

^.

for

rt.547.

to observe,

understand

to

ccuvro, 3 pi. aor.

s.

pi.

1.

or

st

,.

silence of the voice.

f.

aor.

1. optat. act.

to think, to

derived

Th.

of a/caw,

for ^tivai, aor. 2. infin. of

' ,(,^
', ,',
to

accomplish full if

to

a promise

,
,

with glory,
from

as like;

from
to

,,

',
,,,, ,
,
',
,,

rived from

,
,,

go under,

sadness.

icaste

to enter,

body or mind, which

Hence
;

from

grieve;
denotes
poet, and Ion. for

so that
:

y, the moo)i, because the

it

is

", ,

to enclose, to

y),

kj

,
,

i.

does not always remain in

'

id.

from
to

,,

have abundance

3 sing. pres. ind.

e.

,,

a whirhvind, a storm; from

shut up, to detain, (vid.

tion the poet here alludes,

292

so called,

,,

many-benched ; from
a yoke, because the transverse timbers
and
, , or
signify the beams,
hence
of a ship join the opposite sides
the rowers' benches. Th.
and also
to
Join.

291

. 190, sad, sadder.

a month

s,6

290

and that from the Hebrew

pa, pov, Od. p, 220, and

state.

of sorroio

de-

, pain,

because

is

dia

,
,
,
,
,, ^,,
188

289
a, ov,

to be sad, to

a.

used by the poet only in the

to gape.
Others deduce
joy ; or from
apart ; or
apart ; or from

,
,
' ,
6,

288

re-

Troy.

months were regulated by the moon's course.

TH

affected with sorrow, part. aor. 1. pass, of

unthpain; from

same

285
286

is

severe pain either of

to

Od.

the

to suffer severe pain, to lament, to bewail

fut. 1.

from

word

having laid

a. 42.

y],joy; or from

want, necessity.

to affect

a. 514.

promise

,
,, ,
,
,
.
,
, ,,

by Antiphrasis, from

from

to

3 pi. aor. 2. ind. act.

pa, pov, empty, bereft ; it

sense of widowed.
Th.
whence
it,

undertake,

pa, pbv,new, recent, tender, young; from

391.

a.

a. 5.

for
Ace. sing. part. aor. 1. act. oi
For the Grecians promised that Agamemnon should

a. 19.

turn

take upon one' s-self,

rav, Bceot. for

, home
",

vid.

282

meditate, to con-

Ion. for
a. 83.

1. optat. raid.

is

who com-

for those

to hiss,

280
r),

8.

1. poet,

f.

sider,

), ,

. 22.

to keep silence, to he silent

1.

f.

89

a. 61. 492.

for

silence,

ILIAD '.

and
which deriva-

to blow,

a. 317,) to

\),

ivhich

293

,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

90

, , ,,
, ,,
,
,
,
,
,
,,^, ', ,,, ,

the wintry storms may detain weather-bound

or as if ayav
turning or rolling violently.
294
ov, 6 ^ , wintry ; from
), or
lointer ; sometimes,
storm,
tew]jesi accompanied by rain,
which is
for " Winter comes, sullen and sad
with all his rising train, vapours and clouds and storms."
295
and
ninth. Th. kvvka,
96.
Ion. for
revolving, part.
:

,,

', ,

pres.
to

296

to

1.

f.

go round,

same as

223,)

remain

to wait, to

to be

more frequently,

same as

indignant, to be angry

Od. a. 263,

also, to dread, to revere

pa

}],,
,, , , same

pdv, long, lasting

415.

,
, ,

as

gape.

299
300

, 6,

,
;

dijpov, sc.

. ,

Th.

.,

to

presses on, and destroys all things.

true

from

,,

",

OvKi, poet, for

Bceot. for

bv, id.

Th.

not at all, not, by no means.

,
,
, ,',
,,

302

3 plur. of

',

aor. 2. of

221.

303

neut. pi. of

it

before.

Vid.

to

,,
a. 144,

(a, 424,) taken adverbially for

,,

yesterday.
early

to

rush against,

Time

as

^, . 416.

Th.

ov, empty, vain.

time, a space of time.

Th.

attack hostilely, for

a. 558.

for he held the

eternal gods in reverence.

t.

poet, for

pi. part. pres.

or

(.

298

Th.

to revolve.

turn.

Dat.

in

and
Adv.
Adv. before yesterday ; from
properly denotes, the time of day before noon. I'h.
Prep.
Kj
but yesterday and the day before.
ij, Aulis, a city of Boeotia, possessing a most capacious

and

safe harbour, which was the rendezvous of the Grecian fleets

destined for Troy.

yi,

304

pounded of

to lead,

and

to join

pass.

305

p.

and
where they

,
(p.

annexed,

is

They

,,

a fountain. Th.
a,

same as

3 pi. imperf.

same

sense, as

to the verb

refer

sometimes placed

^,

and by Sync,
a,

to

mingle,

Th.

a plane-tree.

broad, because this tree has broad leaves.

perf.

as in

first,

are sometimes used absolutely,

',

a dragon, a huge serpent. Th.

f.
mid.
to see, to look, because
a sharp-sighted animal.
, bx>, bloody, very red, red-spotted, . 23.
538, from the intensitive panicle ^, which is put for

fut. 2.

with

Some

10.

308

are frequently joined together in the

signify, round-about.

'

760,

as in

307

., .
,
,
,
,',,, ,
,
here,

com-

poet, for aysipoj, to assemble, to collect together;

1.

is

id.

and

,
,

^,

8,

ILIAD '.

f^lir"

^1

murder, blood shed in murder, gore,y^i^btjhi^ ,

" A serpent huge, with crimsoi^i^is>4ws back

dappled," &c.
dous

divide, to distribute

^,

same as

to behold, terrible in

appearance,

also, to look

Th.

f.

around accurately and

,
,
,
",' ,
,
"
,
,
',
;

tj,6v, in

terrific.

the
is prefixed Att. from the intensitive
into the corresponding aspirate, and loses a,

^^"^^

all

742, tremen- 309

f.

1.

to

terribly, to see:

which here is changed

by Sync, as in

and many other words.

",

1.

f.

poet,

to

and Ion.

,
,,

311

3 pi. imperf. of
, a sparrow; the name is derived from
by Aphieresis.
, , a youngling ; it is derived as if vkov

Sr'teiv,

moved

310

glide from under, to protrude one's-self.

for

lately

lately acquiring sight.

or

^
,
,
, ,
, ',, ,
,

. 38.

,
,
'
,
. .
an infant brood.

IsrjTria

'

A'id.

on the topmost bough.

ov,
a broad leaf. Th.
to fall, because they soon drop off.

1.

f.

fear, to lie hid under

Ion. Sync, for

,,

',

to conceal one^ s-self

from

via,

from

to

a. 499.

Vid.
to

extend

312

or

under any thing through

terrify

by

Some form

part. perf. act.

it

(which verb has frequently the same signification as

f. 1.
to fall down through fear,) f. 1.
as if it were
syncopated from
others from
f.
1.
perf.
to
Ion.
fly, as if it were, by Ectasis, for
for
This word is peculiarly applied to animals which,
when they see an enemy, skulk through fear into hiding-places,

',
',

, ,, ,
, ,
, ,. ',
.
,
,
,
,
,, , ,, - ,
',
,
'.
,,
indecl. eight.

pi.

ov, miserable, deserving pity

taken adverbially. Th.

to

comes from

',

ptoJ,

1,

f.

from the sound, by Onomatopoeia

Ace. pi. part. perf. mi<l.

(1)7,
.
,',
same

as

to

f.

which

as

a verb formed

poet, for

1.

fly

same

from

3 sing, imperf.
utter a shrill sound, to shriek

313
314

, 6, pity.

devour, to gorge
to eat

miserably, neut.

to

fly round about: from Troraw,

3 sing, imperf. mid.

turning with a rapid whirl,

Vid.

sc.

315
316

317,

vyoCyij, the wing; properly, that part of the bird's body

about which the pinions are ; from
vid.
201.

Ace. sing. fem. part,

perf. mid. from
(a. 482,) which some derive from
Dor.
clamour, and
topour.
for
to resound; others from "la,
fut. 2.
(which future, in the middle form, is 317
not
to eat
according to analogy, but
up, to devour
same as
hence
to eat up entirely, Th.
by Tmesis for
to slay ;
to

clamour around

),
(,)

,,

/,

-, -,)

for

e, 6

t^j

very remarkable, very ccnspl'

318


KEY TO HOMER.

92

cuous, illustrious, signalized

frora api,

much

very

,,

to be

a, 6, emulation.

"Eipyve, 3 sing. aor. 1. ind. of

319

Dor.

for

t pi,

very,

ov, manifest, d being changed into

^,

and

also

. ,,

denotes

emulated, very enviable ; from

,, ,, ',
,^
, ,,, ,
,
,",,
, . , ,
,

and, by contraction,
a large stone;
Xciav, Ace. sing, where
is added to lengthen the syllable ; it is retained also in prose, for the sake of euphony.
f. 1.
320
to view with astonishment, to iconder, to be astonished, to admire; from
a wonderful thing; also,
wonder, admiration ; which, as if
to view^
comes from

, ^,
^,,

to behold,

321

same

1.

f.

108,

whence, in Od.

as

part.

for

a prodigy

fiit.

almost a mountain,

as

care^,
magnitude or from
near, and i;
as that which immediately excites solicitude in those who behold it.
monstrous, occurs in . 741.
6 ) r), mute, silent: it is an Attic word, derived from
323

in respect to

its

i.

whence

to cry out,

e.

i.

and, by

e.

Many

is no where
contend that
used as an adjective, and that the iota should not be subscribed, but
that it should be cooeiiered as an Adverb.
to terrify
or, as if
a sign, a prodigy. Th.
324
from
vid.
62.
ov, 6
325
late, what arrives at last after many other
things; from
to
Adv. late, at length; which comes from

rejecting v,

Att.

,, ,' , ,

,,
,
,
,
/ ,
,
', ,
icf

',

foUow.

and

328
332

whose accomplishment

is

distant; from

"08, poet, for , Gen. of

a. 2.
3 sing. fut. 2. mid. of
vid.
" whose fame shall never die."
TTor'
121.
Att. for
and
Adv. iintil ; it is put for

,
.
", ,
,

account of

334

accomplish^

to

city

from

together,

contiguous buildings.

its

KovatUo,

and

us

a. 2.

or

to

stand,

on

f. 1.
to send forth a noise, to resound ; from
a Jioise ; properly, the sound of dry pieces of wood knocked against
one another ; which comes from
to excite, and r)
clamour ;

,
,,
^,
,
,
.
.
', , ,
,
^,
, ,

8, 6,

or from

335

r),

f.

of,

to extol;

dust,

and

f.

and

1.

from

, ,
,

same as

approve, to express approbation

to

to praise ;

1.

which comes from

y,

o,

praise, approbation.

338

s, 6

crying childishly, tittering a puerile clamour

. 38. and

from

vid.

a, 6

t:j

a. 482,

a. 523.

hostile,

grammarians contend that

this

Old
appertaining to war.
not formed by an Ionic dialysis

ivarlike,

word

is

,
,
,,,

from

ILIAD

but that
is inserted by Pleonasm,
from
a. 61.
), a covenant, an agrement ; from

as

a. 76.

,,

whence

from

care, counsel, foresight;

a libation

being the same

vid.

339
340

those libations are peculiarly called 341

,
,^
,
,
^,
,
,. ,
, ,

^, ),

in ratifying covenants

a covenant.

nifies also, a league,

it

or

to learn.

which are made

93

A'.

Th.

hence

sig-

1.

f.

to

make

a libation.

(Ion. for

8,

not mixed, pure, sincere,

from a, priv. and

to mix.
sc.
Vid.
a. 501.
Ion. for
Dat. pi. fern, of
by Sync, for
1 pi. pluperf. mid. of
(a. 33.) which has, in the perf. mid. either
or
hence
inviolable

,
,
,
(,
,, ,,'
,
,
,
.
,
.
,,
,
,",
,, , ' , ,,,
*
,
^,
pluperf. mid.

,,

2>1,

counsel, device, art, remedy,

from
the middle form
tiling

atiii

'

perf. act. oi

to deliberate

used.

is

a. 329.

'

96.

,,

for Irf, a.

means of accomplishing 342

1.
of which only

prudently,

aor. 2. infin. of

for

f.

343
344

vid.

i^
unmoved, firm, invariable ; from a. priv. and
move and turn variously, to harass, to injure.
2 sing, imperat. pres. mid. of
Ion. for
may be the 2 sing, imperat. pres. act. 345
Or
a. 144.

of

f.

9,

f.

1.

to

,
'^,
,

to be the leader, to

1.

fulfilment

command.

from

.,

to

347

neut. pi. taken adver-

349
353

f.

to finish,

accomplish.

Dor. and Att.

8,

may

It

bially.

ri^/ii

^,

also be understood as

f.

to

i,

e. ^iiiq,

1.

make

haste.
f.

to press, to urge,

Th.

,make

to impel, to

1. p.

to lie

354

a.

355

one hasten

d^wn; from

in this line has the distributive signification, each, every.

476.

for yvutvai, infin. of

?/

here denoting, in the east.

agreeable to fate, portentous, propitious, favours,6 )
also, becoming, proper, tiseful ; from
/, 416.

-,

able

r),

, an

care, anxiety, that to

assault, a forcible attempt

',

which the miiid

perf. pass, of

vid.

is

also, incitement,

impetuously urged
a.

193.

Some

from

interpret

356

as

'^

the originally-voluntary departure of Helen for Troy, under

as
the appearance of forcible adduction ; and understand
her subsequent repentance.
id. Eurip. Iphig. in

<^
Aul.

1.

71

to 76.

,,
^

a,

a groan proceeding from grief; from

364.

y, b, fate, death,

fortune; from

to fall;

vid.

because 359

KEY TO HOMER.

94

,, , , ,, ,

it is

from

perf.

ts
mid.

the last accident of

to fly,

for

life

or, as if

fate flies irrevo-

cable.

fut. 2.

vc'ith,

2 subj.

aor.

to follow, to obey, to

to

undergo,

In the active formj

approach.

to

meet

this verb is

''\,
.-,,

used by the poet always to express, the arriving at the point of death,
as if man was, during his whole life, in pursuit of death ; it denotes
therefore

i^

<9

to other actions

as in

In the middle form, it is applied

to pursue on foot

521,

in V. 495,
panying him; in the Od. y. 215,
divine voice, &c.

361

^,
/,

, fit to be rejected or slighted,

8,

from7ro, to throw away,

362

to reject.

a part of a people. Th.

8, TO, a tribe,

increase.

following or accom6>^, obeying the

despicable, trivial

make

to beget, to

,
,
'
-

', , ,

,.

Ion. for
(which approaches more
nearly to the etymology ; for it is derived from
as if
the
being changed into .) a subdivision of a tribe, a district.
The
Athenian people were divided into four
and each
or
Xov was subdivided into three
or
the foundation of
which subdivisions was, in general,
finally, each
was divided into
of which the principle was a still
But the word
closer degree of intimacy.
as used by the
poet, denotes only a division of the people or army, consideration being

,
, ,
^
,,
,,
, ,
-'

had to their knowledge of one another, so that intimates and friends

might be associated, or " that tribe might tribe support, and each his
fellow."

367

^uJ,
for

368

a. 591.

a. 10.

SruJ,

by the divine will or decree;

sc. jSeXy,

vid.

,
,

wickedness, depravity, supineness

,,

,
,,

ignorance, want of
and Ion.
of prudent counsel or dexterity or consideration ; from

'
,
, , ,
, ^,
, . ,,
^,

,,,

priv.

370

inconsiderate, negligent, not circumspect

and

Dor.

vid.

certainly not;

372

a.

374

f.

The

It

1.

,
8.

vid.

1.

perf.

most certainly

although.

,, ,,)
and Att.

Att. for

perf.

borrows
f.

from

skill, defect

coadjutor in counsel, a counsellor; from

optat.

part.

nification.

537.

,
,

and

376
378

Toisro, such

to take,

whence

but then;

from

which comes from a,

a. 554.

truly, certainly, indeed

for

Ion.

its

and

aor. 2. of this verb

tenses from

a. 521.
to

.
(as

or

',

aor. 2.

for

have a passive

sig-

behave roughly towards one, to provoke by

injury, Xo be angry, to be morose

from

a,

546.

tu

put

ILIAD

), a delay, a reprieve

delay.

off, to

'Rtaibc, a, bv, for

perly that which

A'.

little,

from

few ;

small,

95
to defer,

rjtaiov

(where

380

pro-

is

a,

is for

, * ,
,
,
,
,
^
,,
,

taken adverbially to signify, /or the shortest space of time,

])riv.) it is

for a moment.

, , a morning meal, food taken

in the morning

also called, in military language,

as

this

was 381

if

Mars standing tipfoi' combat, being the meal which soldiers took early
in the morning, before they were led out to the field.
The ancients,
in early times, took only two meals ; one, in the morning, before they
went out

to labour

was

the former

^,
, ,,
,

hour; the

the second, in the evening, on their return home

as if
it is necessary to la-

as

latter,

for

if

,
f.

1.

to

the spear
bring together ;

rests.

commence the fight.

to Join battle, to

,
", ,

to excite to celerity

sharpen, torchet, to excite

to

1.

f.

called

as

if

3 sing. aor. 1. imperat. mid.

a round shield ; from a,priv. and
or

,
,

, ,
,
,
'
, ,. ,
,'.
,
,
,,, ,,, , , ,
, ,
,
, ,^, ,
^,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
",

to stretch out in length.

a chariot

', surveying

his chariot

from

on

to fit, to join:

all sides.

pbv, hateful, terrible, dreadful, sad

from

',

382

384

385

186.

for

is

gaged

i.

to be

e.

en-

whicluis opposed
to be separated : for
and
have opposite significations, and each may be
thus
expressed by the simple
in this line, stands
in, to

and

for

a. 309.

in

1.

Vid.

for

pause; from

cessasion, rest,

r),

362,

a. 192.

separate, to interrupt, to destroy

^,

3 sing.

Ion. for 387

fut. 1

1.

f.

386

occur betioeen.

to be bettveen, to

to

sweat; from

sweat

by 388

', , ,
6,

id.
572, which comes from
as
water, the breathing being changed with the initial

Apocope, for
from
if

letter.

Dor.

for

', .
,

pended; from

protecting a

',

;,

well,

3 sing.

s, 6

and

f.

from

,
man

icj

thong by which the shield or sword was susa. 228.

vid.

or

covering and.

389

a. 168.

mid. of

same as

xv ell -polished ;

from 390

to scrape, to polish.

1.

to stretch, to extend, to

1.

i^

on every side.

fut. 2.

f.

225.

draw,

to exert

every nerve

to stretch.

to

remain.
6

Y'ld.

having power

. 296.

to

ward

off

any thing,

sufficient,

392
393


96

KEY TO HOMER.,

,
', ,
,
', ,
,
, ,
',
^
^,
,

useful

also, possible;

from

to

keep

off, to assist, to

be sufficient

or able.*

, the sea-shore

395

from

to break,

because the waves

,
,
',
,, ,
,
.,
,
, ,
,
,
,
,
,,,, ,, ,,,

are broken on

it

are also rocks projecting from

the sea.

and

s,

tlie

shore into

ground or bruised

corn,

630. V. 322.

396

r.

, projecting, jutting out,

throw forward,

to

218.

to

send forth;

e.

shooting afar

from

to exceed, to be better than,

"

o'er

rocks that shoot afar into the deep."

s, , a rock, a lofty eminence, from which all things
circumjacent can be discerned ; from
vieic ; which comes

from

397
398

of every

also, to

poet,

The

a. 10.

from

part. aor. 2. of

and Ion. for

3 pi. imperf. pass, or mid. of
passive and middle forms signify to be excited, to

to rush.

arise,

f.

to cleave

1.

to cleave.

Th.

Nom.

either

to see.

a. 305.

,
fice

go

sort, various

poet, for

vid.

399

around;

to look

'

f.

1.

asunder, to break, to disperse; from-

and

f.

and

1.

to raise

a smoke, to kindle afire

banquet, or

for preparing a

from

a. 317,

id,

-,

'^^"^

pi. part. aor. 1. pass.

for a sacri-

Ion. and poet, for

pi. aor. 1. ind. act.

* The animated directions of Agamemnon, from

thus rendered by

" Go

Cowper

1.

381

to the end,

are

take refreshment now, that we may march

Forth to our enemies. Let each whet well
His spear, brace well his shield, well feed his brisk
High-mettled-horses, well survey and search
His chariot on all sides, that no defect
Disgrace his bright habiliments of war.
So will we give the day from morn to eve.
To dreadful battle. Pause there shall be none
Ev'iy buckler's thong
Till night divide us.
Shall sweat on the toil'd bosom, every hand
That shakes the spear shall ache, and every steed

Shall smoke that whirls the chariot o'er the plain.

then to whom I shall discover here
Loitering among the tents ; let him escape
vengeance if he can. The vulture's maw
Shall have his carcase, and the dogs his bones."

Woe

My

Though not
original.

exaCj^ly literal,
*

these lines forcibly convey the spirit of the


ILIAD '.

97

-.

400

the slaugh-

401

, ,, ,,
,
,
,
^
, /,
,
, ' ,
'/,,

a,

, always

existing, eternal

from

and

aiei

aiyvy

,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
,
,
and in
battle, fight ; hence
for

8,

296,

tv

for

from ?), not, and

whole,
being that which destroys the completeness of an army.
Some derive it from
or
(vid. jttothe cala162,) as if denoting t7]V
mity of war: others (wm.
s, 6, defilement, because
tv
in battle, the body is defiled with gore,
&c. or from 65 and
it destroys at
because
once.
in later writers, signifies a mound, a mole, any mass
which retains the force of waves, or prevents earth falling in.
f. 1.
vid.
a. 23.
402
6 Kf , of five years; from
403
five, and
of loar

ter

as

if

,,

a year

to call, to invite,
a poetic verb, same as
3 sing, imperf. act.
the ichole nation of Grecians. \'id.

,
,,
",
for

,,,
.^, ,
, ,
,
,
,
, ov,

sixth

a,

,,,

from

/,

clamour, shout

own accord ; from

it

there

by

, ^,,, ,
, , , ,
, ,,, ., , . ,,
,,
,
, '. ,
brave in battle, heroic in fight,
vid.

ther

from

from

i.

to

mid.

clouds ascend

',

f.

1.

the (ether,

from

to

235.
stand around ;

add a prayer.

by Tmesis
a.

icj

Ilf);;^'/}^,

and

Vid.

3 pi. 410

a. 43.
411
which no 412

to set.

^.

a. 359.

413

aor. 2. infin. of

for

535.

, headlong, prone, precipitate,

bending forward

414

to 7wd.

fut. 1. infin. oi

Ion. for
pa,

,,

is,

properly, the middle beam of the roof on

the rafters rest, so called

from being blackened by the smoke
the whole house.

burn

womb; which comes

to shine.

e.

go under,

Vid.

to

409

bro-

cvvai, by Tmesis for

7'

all

a.

the sky, the clear heavens into

i.

to

from

, the

and

as

,,

6, poet, for

and

e.

to conceal, to cover,

or

aor. 1.

Ellipsis of

', . 38.

Ion. and

407
408

,, -

hence battle, because during

97.
from
;

immense clamour

is

'Rihv

404

a. 2.

six.

spontaneous, of one* s

a. 590.

Tydeus, son of Oeneus and Peribcea, father of Dio- 406

was killed in the first Theban war.

He

and

name

to

^,

mede.

id.

blazing

which

hence, by Synech. the roof ; also,

also, black, sooty,

. 23.from ',

415


KEY TO HOMER*

98

',

from

,
;

^,

,) ,

(Ion. for

Ar'fiOQ,

situ

buim

to

Ion. for

aud

416

rush against

moved frequently.

itself is

),

belonging

rend

to divide, to tear, to

1.

f.

,) tov,

(Ion.

,
,
',

a. 242.

417

for

'ya\ko,

,
,
,
,
',
,, .,
, ,
",

or from a, priv.

imperf.

a. 125.

7;,

748.

perf.

from

grasp

mid.

vid.

'\-

from

and, by Sync,

,.

41.

or poet, for

for

sacred

a. 23.

vid.

from a. intens. and

to envy, to grudge.
without leaves, dry
from
pit-.
" ;

great

'

'\,

a. 14.

pi. pres. subj.

\
,
to

by Metath.

over;

liold

\'id.

The

mid. of

poet, for

put

125.

to defer, to

thus

off:

for

postpone, to pro-

(or

476, and

. 364.

Att. for
3 pi. pres. imperat. of
Attics terminate the third person plural of the present, and of the

aorists, in

forming

it

from the Genitive plural of the participle

', ,

of the

same

tenses.

, ,
,

cov, hronght close together, loith a great company of

and
condensed ; from a. i. e.
to cry out, or speak with
f. 1.
which comes from
But
without tumult or noise, sudden.

2,

,,
",
,' ', ,, ,
.

folloivers, dense, crowded,

tumult ;
tumult.

446

formed

immense

for

440

1.

crastinate,

439

f.

"

to

pi.

i^

and

s,

a. 234.

438

from"E/crwp,

pluperf. of

sinir.

s, 6

from

3. pi. pres. optat.

pa, pbv, for

435
436

is

3 sing, iniperf.
by Sync, and Ion. for

426

Hector

,
'
'
,
, , , ,,
,
,
,
, ^,,
^
,
', ,
.
Ion. for

425

to take, to catch hold of, to

1.

f.

aor. 2. iXaov, >vhence

animo-

,,, ,

to

tov, riven, broken; from

mid. tppijya and

to break.
Adv. uith the teeth, with a bite,
418
to eat.
, a tooth ; which comes from

419
420

hostile

id. which comes

; from Bvpa,
through it entrance and exit are made,

QvpfT(>07', 8, TO, a gate, a door

to

.,

burning with

'iov, hostile,

",
',

^,

Ion. for

f.

1 pi.

Ion. for
1.

Ion. for

,
,^ ,

and

aor. 1. subj. of

to go.

Also

, 41.

rush with impetuosity, to hasten; from 3,

3. pi. imperf.
[Ot '
Then the son of Atreus

to

a. 342.

aor. 2. subj. of

1 pi.

the Jove-sprung kings despatchfnl

y. 146. ot

'

drew them into order just.

is for

Thus,

as noble person-

ages never went unaccompanied, such an expression denotes, the chief

ivith his attendants.l

447

s,

from

ipi, intens.

priv.

and

^,

and

s, 6

It)

a, 29.

vei-y precious,

inestimable,

very honourable;

a. 159.

free from old age, not subject

to

decay

from a,

,
,
,
,
'

ILIAD '.

indecl.a hundred

numbers

of the simpler

,
^,
. ,)
,
^. ,-

a fringe, a tassel
p. 593, and

the fringed or tasselled <gis,

hence

204. Th.
or
same as
(a verb formed, by Paragoge, from
pend ; in the passive and middle voices

,
', ,
,,] ,
properly signifies

, well-twisted,

i^j

to raise, to sus'

from

f.

1.

'

e.

worth an
from

,
;

rush with such impetuosity as to strain the eyes ; -a 450

by reduplication, from
some consider it as
ic)
signifying

poetic verb, formed,

dWy

aWy

, ,,, '
.
,
,
,
,",
,
,
,
,
- ,
,
^,
,
,
,,
,

formed from

o-^iv, to roll the eyes from side to side

pres. fem.

move quickly through any thing,

to

(or

,)

to drive, to

1.

f.

,,

to stand

strength, vigour;

hence

or

and

^j

it is

,
,

part,

;
from
formed
hence, by Sync, and dou-

pursue.

the imperf. mid.

bling

449

id.

worth an hundred beeves, i.

v^-ith the figure of an ox

hundred pieces of coin stamped

and
a. 154.
to

738, and

and Ion.

close-twisted;

s, 6

**, to fold, to plait.

from txug,far, at a distance, because 448

the most remote from unit.

it is

6, a braid,

99

to

rush through

From

formed, as

is

if

strong, firm, robust,

unceasing, endless

i.

from 451
501

from a, priv. 452

210.

8,

icf

, deadly,

destructive, pernicious, consuming,

re-

455

vid.
moving from the sight ; formed, by Paragoge, from
always, and
to injure. It may also signify,
a. 3. ; or from
very bright, shining, very conspicuous ; from a, intens. and

',

manifest.

hum

consume by fire ; from

f. 1.
hence
id. p. 733.
it)
immense, the magnitude of which cannot be
s,
a. 158.
reached ; from a, priv. and
a wood ; formed, by Aphaeresis, from
,
shaded by trees, planted thickly
loood, timber: hence,
a, , a wood-cutter.
with trees ; and
Adv. far.
456
Adv. from afar ; from
to burn, to shine.
rj, splendour; from
/t/. from
and
458
to shine all over:
to

entirely, to

to kindle, to infiame, to

burn

", ,

,, ,.
,

,
,
,
,
",
,,
,,

poet, for

-.

, ,,
,

from
or 459
a bird ; it is derived, as if
nothing more constantly in motion than a bird.
ij, ov,
formed by an Ionic dialysis, from
89.
winged, having power tofiy. Th.
, )/, goose ; so named from its constant gaping. Th. 460
vid.
to gape ; or from its continual cackle. Th.
a. 157.
or

for there is

]7], , ,

,, ,

,'

'
^, ,
,
,
,
, , ,

KEY TO HOMER.

100

,
,,

, a crane.

8,

Some

rived
bird.

etymologists consider this word de

for it is a seed-gathering

^,

to mix, because this bird, more

8, , a sivan ; from
than others, turns up the mud when searching for food under the water.
a, 6 ^ t), long-necked ; from
Ion. for
iy vid.
a. 499.
long, and
the vale of Asius, near the river Cay ster ;
461
perf. pass, of
6, a 7noist meadow. Th.
to flow.
an Ionic genitive of
by Sync, for
Some read
a, who reigned over the district near the river Cayster.
Others consider
as a simple adjective, signifying
muddy, marshy ;

,,

,
,
',
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
mud,

from

slime.

ov,

the Cayster, a river in Asia,

sea not far from Ephesus.

a flowing, a stream. Th.
8,

'

402

to

adorn

to exult

vid.

,
^,

successively.

s,

. 316.

Ilfc^j;,

,,

.
,
a,

the soil or ground

comes from

a fetter, from the sam.e

,,

a. 49.
one another, to alight

to

afield, a plain ; from

which, as if

on which we stand

249.

Adv. with a clang; from

to sit down or alight opposite

465

a.

into the

23.

Dat. 1. of

463

which flows

Theme

ttsq,

a. 58.

as

, Kj Scamandrian ; from
, , the
the Xanthus.
Scamander, a river of Troas, the same as
3 sing. im.perf. Ion. for
to resound
466
334.
from
89.
467
flowery ; from

^,
^,

468

^, , ,

,
:

,,, ,

,, ,

",

as nothing

469

is

, ,
,

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,). ,,' ,,, ,)
,", , ,
, ,
, ,

hu%z, to

Th.

oJ
iif

ai
or

f. 1.
to shut, to close,
a fly, an insect ; from
f. 1.
because their eyes blink ; or from
to
hum, to murmur, because they fly about with a continual hum.
s, 6, a hovel, a stable; sometimes, a pair of scales,
434.

or

^,

.
. 338.)

'.

as

(for

the

so fleeting as time.

to compress,

470

',

season of the year,

Ion.
spring, time in general, the age of youth, the comeliness of youth
the Genii that preside over the seasons of the year : from

for

, belonging to a shepherd,

pastoral ; from
a. 263.
wander about, to fly about ; this verb is formed from
to lead astray, to make one ic under ; hence
and
1.
from
and
(as from
and
to

f.

,,
,,

Ion.

471

comes from
f.

Od.

. 260.

1.

, , -,

milk; from

id.

which, as

if

joy.

vessel,

pail.

Th.

to hear,

to moisten, to wet,

Ion. for

to fill

carry.

with liquid; hence, in

3 pi. imperf.

, ,
, ,,
,

ILIAD '*

101

,
,,
,

Prep, against.

from
to hurt
to destroy.
The Attics frequently double after a vowel
clone also by the poets, for the sake of the measure
thus,
to destroy utterly

1,

f.

viulently,

472
473

Aviiich i?

for diapaiaai, aor. 1. infin.

,,

a flock of goats,
678, from
s, , a 474
goat-herd: which comes from
a. 41, and
vid.
a, 490 ; or
one who frequents lofty and rugged
places, where goats usually browze.

eia,

,
^,
, ,,

,
t.

',

, ',

Adv, easily. Th.

and by Sync. ^.5,
lov,

poet, for pea,

lov, easy

,,
,

Th.

broad, extensive, large, vast,

a multitude.

to

id.

poet, for

pi. pres. subj. of

387.

^, ,

pasture-land

b,

,
,,
,
But

to feed.

also, pasture, food, fodder.

Th.

, ,.

,, , ,
,
,
\y,

', , ,

Th.
to make like.
478
belt
girdle,
the word here denotes the whole vo- 479
or suit of armour. Th.
f. 1.
to gird.
Th.
or
TO, the breast.
,
for

,
,
^',
,
,
',
,, ,

firm, hard.

475

easily,

with the accent on the penultimate, law, custom.

3 pi. aor. 2. subj. oi
232.

,,
,,
8,

,,

flow; hence
hence

184.

like.

<7,

Th.
r), a herd.
to lead, to drive:
i. e. 480
which is sometimes
by Paragoge of the syllable
or
by the poets added to Dative cases.
to appear conspicuous and eminent inthe jnidst of others ; 481
iv

from

to be

,
.
,

eminent or excellent.

by Sync,

for

part. pres. pass, of

,
,
,,,
,
,
,
, ,
,
vid.

dyopa, a. 54.
6

poet, for

by Sync,

for

r),

supereminent

f.

1.

to call by

a. 361.

s,

and

i^

break.

Ion. ior

^/^,

1 sing. aor. 1.

vid.

from

pi. pres. ind. of

Ion. (or

a. 74.

to tell, to say.

name,

6^,

to

a. 124.

subj. mid. o(

483
484
485
488

mention by name; from

1. sing. aor. 1. subj.

what cannot be broken, very hard

from

a, priv.

490

Via. v. 37.

Olympian,

Vid.
3 pi. aor. 1. optat. of

celestial.

a. 18.

a. 407.
here signifies, then, afterwards, i. e. " if ye Muses first tell me."
In other places it also denotes, therefore, also, again, in turn, on the

491

492

vid.

,'

contrary, truly.

,
',

,,

493

Baotia, a cele- 494

^oiojToi, oi, the BLVOtians ; from
brated division of Greece, in which Aulis \vas situated.
, Peneleus, aTheban chiefa, , and Att.
tain

,
,

,
,
,,

,,

KEY TO HOMER.

102

i.

8, 6, Le'itus,

e.

a Theban leader
and denotes

a, 6, Arcesilans,

,
.
,,

name

a Theban

^j

- ,derived from

is

one

enriched by warlike booty.

495

the

name denotes

the

Theban

Prothotnor,

as if

ijvopky

,
,
,
,
,

a Theban leader, slain by Agenor. Th.

S, 6, Clonius,

3.S

496

497

ii

*V|oia,

,
if,

rocky

, Schoenos,

a,

8,

,,

Ion.

Hyrie, near Aulis.

88.

from

a city of Boeotia.

'

a village in Boeotia, near the river Asopus

Scholos,

and Mount Citha;ron.

ov, 6

i^

many

having

hills;

from

s, 6,

a rising ground, that part of a mountain which lies between the foot and
summit. An epithet of the city Eteon, on account of the numerous
hills

by which

.
,
, ,

Some

surrounded.

it is

consider the epithet applied to

abounded in a certain herb,

that city because the surrounding country

commonly

called

or

their dialect,

,,

490

,
,
,',
,

Eteon, a town in Boeotia, near the Asopus.

and

,
,
,

but by the Argives, in

,
,town

Thespia, a

Grcea, a

town in Boeotia.
which was also called

in Boeotia,

Tanagra.

where the dancing choirs might exercise to and

a place for dancing ; also, a band of dancers:
or, having an extensive plain, if from
s, 6, a space, place, region.
, Mycalessus, an inland city of Boeotia.
499
Harma, a village and castle near Mycalessus.
Ilesius, a city of Boeotia, situated in the marshes.
,
Th.
a marshy land.
Erythrce, a district of Boeotia, so named from
a son of Neptune and Amphimedusa daughter of Danaus.
500
Eicon, a city of Boeotia, so called from
because it has a marshy soil.
Hyle, a city of Boeotia ; so called from being
6

/^ rj,

,,

fro, if from

", , ,,
', , ,
,,

,,
.
,
,
,,
.,, ,^,
,
,
,
,,
7/,
,, ,
',,

", , ,

501

Peteon, a

, Medeon,

^hJv,

502

from

well,

and

ai, Cofce, a

famous

village.
it

a town in Boeotia.

(for

u-ell-built;

Theban

a Boeotian district;

Ocalea,

f.

ov,
1.

same as

,
is

also written

Eutresis, a city in Boeotia.

rj,

i^

i^

Boeotian village, near which was a lake

for its eels.

a,

to build.

a dove, Th,

abounding
f.

1.

in doves;

from

to fear, for it is

and

a timid

ILIAD '.

,,,
',
,
.,
^,,

bird.

sometimes added as an epithet

is

and then

, ,

j),

Coroncea, a city of Boeotia, near

Th.
abundance of

(. 778,)

Thisbe, a city of Boeotia, not far from the sea.

,,

-,

to

/eai/ui, timid.

it signifies,

103

grass.

grassy

e.

i.

a.

ttouj,

Vid.
and sometimes

m.oisture.

ov,

,,
from

and

1.

f.

,,,

mount Helicon.

Ion. for

t).

503

for grass requires

263.

Haliartus, a city of Boeotia,

which was destroyed by the Persians.

), Piataea, a city of Bceotia,

504

called aftenvards

, ,, , ,,
,

Glissa, a city of Bceotia.

Hypotheba, said by some to be Thebes the

at,

less,

505

but by others Thebes the greater. It is certain that Thebes itself sent
no forces to the Trojan war.
Onchestus, a Boeotian city, sacred to Xeptune.
506
8,
s,
a place
by an Ionic dialysis, for
sacred to Neptune ; from
and
6,
Neptune, as if
affording drink, or, by Antiphrasis, because no one can drink the water of the sea j or
from shaking the earth.
grove ; from
to spring up, because trees
appear there to spring up spontaneously ; or from
to icater, as
if
or from
to increase.
Kj y), having many grapes ; from
ov,
507
a grape ; which is from
id.
Arne, a town of Boeotia.
ait^fia,
Mideia, a town of Boeotia ; it is also written //
Nissa, a celebrated city of Bceotia, where there was 508
a famous temple of Bacchus.
Anthedon, a town of Bceotia it is called
because it was situated on the extreme boundary of Boeotia.
according to Eustathius, fem. of
for
last, extreme, remote ; from
ov, id.

,
,

,
,

,
,

), ,

-^, ^, ,

,,
', ,, ,,

,
,
,
,,

, ,, ., ,
,
,,.
,
',
,
,
,
,

Hence

aroJ,

to be the extreme, to be at the

extremity

and

may be more properly considered as the participle of this verb,

\vhich is for
being used Poet, for
Jifty

tuenty

composed of two

from

via,

,,

and

is

509
510

Grecian.

a virgin;

/,

from

'

tshvog

511

city in the

because the river

Astyoche, daughter of Actor.

a, o, the son of Azis

fortified

It is called

it.

,, Ascalaphus

a,

number

Aspledon, a Grecian city.

Orchomenos, a wealthy and

neighbourhood of Boeotia.
3Iinyas flows round

like, equal, for this

tens.

,,

of Mars.

a,

lalmenus, sons

,,

ifciv

512
513

^sis, a noble

Uva, 514

,,

KEY TO HOMER.

104

who has

girl

not yet received from any one the bridal gifts ; or from
because she has not yet given milk to a child ; or from
to outstrip, to excel, because virgins excel matrons in

, ,,
,,

beauty of person.

loorthy of reverence, deserving respect, venerable

Vid.

also, bashful, modest.

', . 262.

, .,
^,
and

the upper part of a house, into

', ,

which the women alone were admitted

from
a,
id.
which
;
being the custom of the ancient and
most barbarous nations, to seclude the women from the sight of
is

derived from

alone,

it

strangers.

515

,}],
.

ascend into

,,

as in

to

tit;,

go.

secretly, privately, clandestinely , by

269,

without the knowledge of Laomedon.

Ion. for
thirty.
the Fhocensians, inhabitants of Phocis.
reading the Gen.
instead of

,
,, ,,
'^,,
!,

,
8,

father of

Some

Iphitus, a

Archeptolemus

prefer

a leader of the Fhocensians, son of Iphitus.

Epistrophus, brother of Schedius.

Phocensian prince: also a noble Trojan,

whence, 0. 128, the patronymic

s, 0, the son of Iphitus.

519

vid.

here used absolutely, but sometimes followed by a Genitive,

Adv.

Ion. for

,'

and
; ivom

along uith

lie

125.

6, Schedius,

518

from

,
,
,
.
,

stealth

516
517

to

a. 6, the son of Naubolus.

ij, Cyparissus, a town in Phocis, situated

Parnassus.
It took its
in this neighbourhood.

name from

the

many

cypress-trees

,
,

on Mount
which grew

Python, the city which was afterand

from
wards called Delphi. It was also called ;
the adjacent jMount Parnassus.
Its first name is said to have been
derived from
i. e.
to rot, to putrefy, from the serpent
which was there slain by the arrows of Apollo, and rotted. It may
rather have been derived from
because a celebrated
oracle and the Pythian prophetess were there.
Crissa, a city of the Phocenand
520
the Pythian games were celebrated in the Crissasan plain.
sians
a Phocensian city, not far from Delphi,
/, DauUs,
situated on a hill, surrounded by woods, whence the name is derived
a thicket.
is the same as
for TO

, ,

,
,,

,,

,
,
,
,,
,

6, Panopeus, a city called after the name of its

founder Panopeus, the son of Phocus.
Anemoria, a city situated on a hill, on the con521
fines of the Delphians and Phocensians.
Hyampolis, a poor town.
vid.
to live around, to dwell around ; from

,,

'

,,

a.

522

471.

' ,

2, 6, a river;
water for drink. Th.
vid.

rb

tlvai,

a. 469.

because

it

aiFords


^iilAD

105

^"^, ,
,,
}, ,

,,
,
, , ,,
,
,
,
,
,
',,

the Cephissus, a river of Boeotia.

Lelaa, a city of the Phocensians, near which were
the sources of the river Cephissus.
), a fountain, a spring. Th,7ri;iaa, to spring up. Hence
a, 6, Pegasus, the winged horse of Perseus.
6,

''

AiXaut,

forty

irom

engaged about,

to be

to direct

to

from

attend

to

to, to

administer, to manage,

a. 64.

vid.

Adv. for
Th.

,
,
move near

524
525

four.

a, 522.

vid.

near

from

Adv. near.
pa, pbv, left; Metaph. bad,

1.

f.

,
, ,
,,
,
', ,
, ,
,
,
,
,. ,
,
,
, ,, ',
,.
phrasis from

the Locrians.

6,

by Anti-

'.

Son of O'ileus.

icj

pa,

less,

as

".

and commander.

to be a leader

1.

f.

. 79.

8,

unpropitioiis

a. 69.

of

526

to.

527

rjyr}'

a. 138.

an irregular Compar. 528

it is

if

little.

, the son of Telamon, Telamonian ;

Telamon, son of ^acus, and brother of Peleus.
6 ^ ), having a linen corslet ; from Xivov, s, to, 529
thread, Vnien, and
Vid.
a. 226.

,,

f.

1.

from

vid.

adorn, to make one shine

to

the poet only in the passive voice

. 289.

Th.

117],

'

to

a spear, lance, or javelin

or Ion.

in the use of the lance

also, skill

530

. 131.

this verb is used by

3 sing, pluperf. pass.

burn, to kindle.

ot, all

the Thessalians

properly, a city of Thessaly, founded

from
by Hellenus

), Hellas,
afterwards the

whole country around, which the Myrmidons inhabited, was called

lastly the whole country outside Peloponnesus was so named.
therefore originally were the inhabitants of the city and
neighbouring country, subject to Peleus and Achilles ; then it became a designation of the Thessalians, and sometimes, but very selin this
dom, of all the Grecians.
opposed to
Hellas

,
,
,
,
,

',

',

Grecians living outside the isthmus, in

contradistinction to the Peloponnesians, who were called
line,

appears to denote,

all the

a. 2.

\'id.

8,

if,

,
,

Cynus, a city of the Locrians, built on a promontory. 531

Opoe'is, a celebrated city of the Locrians, the

birth-place of Patroclus.

,
,
,

a, }, Calliarus,

from an ancient hero,

took

its

a Locrian

city,

who was

,,

which took

its

name

,, , ,

brother of O'ileus.

Scarpha ;
532
Bessa
Augeia cities in Locris. Scarpha was situated near Thermopylag,
and was destroyed by an earthquake.
a. 469.
lovely
from ipct vid.
,
Tarpha, a Locrian city, surrounded by woods ; 533

whence

it

name

for

denotes

6 ^.
kj

KEY TO HOMER.

106

ov,

Thro7Uu$, a Locrian town, near the river Boa-

TO,

grius.

',, ,,

Boaypiog,

of the roar of

clamour, and

535

Ion. for

the land,)

ipa,

it

,, ,

Boagrius, a rapid river in Locris, which is so

from
its waters
a shout,

a, o, the

named on account

which is properly the Ace. of

by Ellipsis for

and denotes

an adverb, and

therefore serves as

lov, icild, fierce.

signifies

rrr'tpa, (i.

e.

or

over against, in the

;?^,

country opposite to, beyond : thus

who
dwell over against, (or in the country opposite to) the sacred Euhaca,
Constantine says that
sometimes has the signification
or
of
in the midst of; and he interprets it thus, in 1. 626 of this
book.

,
,, ,
.
,
,
'^, ,
,
,
,, ',
,,

Euhxa, a famous island near Boeotia.

on account of its pre-eminence.

536

',

1.

f.

breathe:

It

was

styled

Ion. for Trvlovrff,

part. pres.

, the Abantes, inhabitants of Euboea

was sometimes

537

,
.,
,
, ,,

,,

Euboea.

a,

,
Kj

,,

Eretria,

a principal city of

Histiea, another city of Euboea.

Cerinthus, a city of Euboea, anciently called

3,

maritime; from
and
the sea.
town of Euboea, situated on a mountain.

Dios, a

hence

Chalcis, a noble city of Euboea.

Poet, for

538

called

lofty, high, difficult to be surmouyited, either

,,

on ac-

count of height, magnitude, or other obstacle

from
ov, id.
which seems to be compounded of al and
since we complain
when any thing is out of our reach.
Carystus, a city of Euboea, famous for its marble.
439
s,
Styra, a city of Euboea.
130.
Natirafai,
inhabit, to dwell in; from
3 pi. imperf.
Ion. and poet, for
540
, Elephenor, leader of the Abantes.
vid.
a. 234.
541
s, 6, the son of Chalcodon ; from
6, Chalcodon, a king of Euboea ; this name is a contraction of
and denotes one endowed with brazen or iron teeth.
;

,
,, ,,
", , , ,

,
,,
,
,

542
543

'
,
,, ,
', ,
poet, for

of

vid.

/3.

which

bv, stretched, extended:

stretch out, to extend.

is for

11.

from

,
,
,

part. pres.

f.

1.

to

an ash-tree, an ashen shaft of a spear ; hence, an

to seek, to aim at ; for this tree shoots aloft,
from
and good spear- handles are made of its wood.
al, Athens, the most celebrated city and state in
546
Greece the name is used in the plural form to distinguish it from
ashen spear

,, ,
,

.,
,
>'/,

ILIAD '.
whom

Minerva, to

was

this city

sacred.

a. 194.

Ereetheiis,

a. 188.

),

i^

an epithet of

for life.

useful for

it

and

from

An enclitic diher
life, fertile,

earth, because

tlie

,,

fruitful

t/rop'

,^

is,

from

produces what

is

,,

,
,,

the Athenians were also called

magnanimous

Ilori, once on a time, for mer I y.

e,

a king of Athens, and at the same 547

From him

time a priest of jMinerva.

,
107

Sec,

and 548

necessary

'Apspa,
to
, a "ploughed field, a glebe, the earth ; from
which some deduce from
iron, as the earth is broken
up by an iron ploughshare hence
a plough.
a,
a. 66.
, , afnll-groun lamb ; from
550
f. 1.
to revolve, to roll round, to perfect; from 551

plough

, ', .
-, ,
.
,
,
,
-,
,,
, ,,
to

appoint, to determine.

6, Peteus,

,
by Paragoge

name
into

to

The Gen.

but some explain

it by considering the
orIon.Ilroto, and oi being changed

for

Gen.

be

Menestheus, an Athenian chief.

6,

shield-bearing

,,

He 552

a king of Athens, father of IMenestheus.

name from

derived his
is,

,,

from

. 382.

superior in age, older: from

to precede.

554
555

city,

557

,
,
,
,
,,
,
,
',
, , .,
,,
,, , ,
,
,,, , ,,

'558

and

), Salamis, a small island

was sacred to 'enus.

taelve; compounded of
and
sometimes an Adv. of place, where,

not far from Attica.

",

\ay',

It

and

phalanx ; properly, a Macedonian

body of troops, containing eight thousand men, any military line; as
near, because in a phalanx the soldiers were
from
if
marshalled compactly.
Tiryntha, an Argolic city, which was well forti- 559
It took its name from a brother of Amphitryon.
fied.
a
surrounded by u-alls ; from
a close legion, a

wall.

',, , ,
,,,

Hennione, a maritime town of Argolis.

bay, a hollow, the bosom

6, a

as

up:
&c.
Trcezene, a maritime city of Argolis, which took 561
to obtain, to possess, to fill

f.

by Tmesis

from

if

a. 26.

for

its

name from a son

of Pelops.

, <, an obscure Argolic town.

a,
a
planted u-ith vines; from
or
upuard, and
of
because this plant should not rest on the ground, but should be trained

vine:

which

is

560

Asine, an Argolic city.

compounded

up
is

KEY TO HOMER.

108

',
,

Some

to supporters.

apt to

make

from

derive

the drinker stagger.

because wine

/, Epidaurus, a celebrated city of Argolis.

JEgina, an island once celebrated for its naval power ; it
562
was the birth-place of /Eacus, from whose mother (^gina, the daugh-

,
&,

ter of

s,

Asopus,)

derived

it

-, ,^,

name.

its

It

was

hundred and

fifty

stadia

in circumference.

563

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
,
,
,
,
,
, , ,

Ibrated of the

564

Maseta, a city of Argolis.

tog, 6, Diomedes, son of

Tydeus, one of the most cele-

Grecian leaders.
8, 6, Sthenelus,

Diomedes.

b,

Ion. for

an Argolic

chieftain, the

companion of

Capaneus, father of Sthenelus;

gen.

cerning Avhom

bv, very celebrated, illustrious

Also

KXeirbg, a. 447.

many

things are heard,

from ayav and

bv, renoxcned, remarkable, con-

436, which

is

from

to

hear.

565

ov, b, Euryalus, an Argolic chief.

, ov, third; from

a, b
, godlike; from

three.

a. 163, and

iCf

,,

a. I.

566

b, Mecisteus,

an Argive prince, brother of Adrastus.

; an Ionic form of

,
,
,
,,
,
,
,,

Talaus.

,,

by Crasis for
GOV, eighth ; which is from
ai, and
569
nesus, founded by Perseus ; the
570
, /^ r), poet, for

eighty

), Mycence, a city of Peloponseat of Agamemnon's government.

<^

, rich,

from

Corinth, a most celebrated city of Argolis, situated

7],

a'l,

,
,
,,

Cleon(e,

situated not far from

rived from the

Nemean

ai,

lion.

if

was de-

Orneia, an Argive village.

,,

",

a town between Argos and Corinth. It

plain, in which the

Nemea, with its sacred

Nemean games were celebrated. The name, as

572

tvealthy

171.
8,

571

from

eight.

within the isthmus.

was

Of a,

the son of Talaus

b,

a patronymic from

568

vid.

Arecthyria, an Argive city.

Sicyon, a celebrated city in Peloponnesus, situated

,
,

near the river Asopus.

s, b, Adrastus, a king of Sicyon at the time of the The^
ban war.

^,
,
,

f.

573

t),

574

1.

,,
A^vb,
,,
,
', ,

to

reign over; {rom

Hyperesia, an Argolic city

tea, v, id.
bv, high, lofty : from
Gonoissa, an Argive town.

8, TO,

Pellene, a fortified city of Achaia.

JEgium, a

city of

Achaia.

a. 9.

-. Ion. for -av.


ILIAD '.

', , ,

109

Helice, a place in Peloponnesus

where Neptune was 575

particularly worshipped.

/5,

,
,, , , '

sigJtt,

Hj

from

the vision

or

',

a negative particle, and

which comes from

f.

1.

an exulting

to exult, to boast, to icalk ivith

a. 279.

,,
^,

sinning, burnished, so splendid as to dazzle

,^,, .

the sight

r),

578

the

to see.

air ; from Kvdog,

579

poet, for

Laced^mon, the name of a city and extensive 581

The name appears to have taken its origin
from the division of the Heraclidae for when they divided Peloponnesus by lot amongst one another, he, to whom this district fell called it
Peloponnesus.

district in

because

was

?;, on account of

called

its

'.

^)

(i. e.

It

being surrounded by a great range

of mountains.

,
, ,, , ,
,
', ,
;,

ev, frequented by great sea-monstei's

,,

great, large; from

comes from

hence Metaph.

a sea-monster, a whale; which

for such fishes generally lie in the depths

or

of the sea.

and

, Sparta,

Phare, a city of Laconia.

582

the capital of Laconia.

city

Messena.
by Apocope for
At the time of
it was part of Laconia ; afterwards it was a separate
and district which waged several wats with the Spartans, until it

was

at length reduced to subjection.

the Trojan war,

,
", ,,,

Brysia, a city of Laconia.

Amyclce, a city of Laconia, sacred to Apollo.
Helos, a maritime city of Laconia, well known in
Grecian history for the abject state of its inhabitants. There was
another Helos, a city belonging to Nestor, mentioned in 1. 594.
ai,

, ,

,
,
,
,,

ai,

.,

contracted into

Th. 6

rock.

e.

i.

, Otilus,

Laas, a town of Laconia, situated on a 585

a Laconian town.
from
six.
id.
51.
Adv. apart ; from
eagerness of mind, aLcrity, spirited zeal; from
a. 24.
and
Arene, a Pylian city, subject to Nestor.
Qpvov, s, TO, Thryos, a city of Elis, situated near the river Alpheus.
8,

sixty

,
,,

,i

,
,
, ',

It took its
cies

name

and

,
,,
,,,

f.

1.

rises in

,
,

8,

for

6,

the Alpheus,

,a

passage, a ford, the channel of a river.

to pass over or through; or

mid.
a. 421.

,,

^py,

-, ,
bv, or

is

, and

591

592

spe-

',

Th.

a city in Peloponnesus, situated on a

,,,

588

a noble river in Elis,

Arcadia.

perf.

587

of sea-weed,

which

583
584

vid.

hill.

Th.

high, lofty.

Cyparissa, a city in Nestor's dominions.

Amphigenia, a city where

there was a celebrated temple in honour of Latona.

593

, ,
, , , ,
"
,
,
'
,
^
,
.
, ,, ,
KEY TO HOMER.

no
594

and
UrtXsov, Pteleos, a city of Nestor's, so
tKu
for
signifies an elm. Another
of the same name was in Thessaly, 1. 697.
ov, TO, Oor'wn, a city under Nestor's sway.
and
to meet; from
a. 31.
a,

called
city

595

part. pres. plur. fern.

who challenged

Thamyris, a Thracian prinqe,

6,

Muses

to a trial of skill in singing,

uy,

the

on the condition that

?],

ti

being conquered, he was deprived by the Muses of his

sight, his skill in singing, and his senses, though Homer mentions
only the two-fold punishment,
/^

Ion. for

Threician.

force,

',
^,

and

the verb

is

,
,
, , ',

also

derived from

^-

,
',

song, singing

the poetic art, or music in general.

Th.

and

s,

vid.

city

it

to

superstitious obser-

',

denotes

JNIodern writers contracted

,
, ,

1.

celelirated in song.

596

6,

,, ^

frequently

or

many

because Orpheus had taught the Thracians

vances of the gods.

^,

Thracian, or
leap with
146. Hence, according to Plutarch, in Alex. c. 8.
to ivorship superstitioitsly, or simply, to worship,

The name

Adv. from Oechalia.

of Thessaly, where Eurytus reigned.

singer,

it

into

720.

Oechalia, a

and Ion.

an Oechalian.
a, 6, Eurytus, a prince of Oechalia
he was slain by
Apollo, whom he had challenged to a trial of skill in archery. The
name is derived from
pvtiv
Another Eurytus
is mentioned in 1. 621 ; he was son of Actor, and a prince of the
Eleans.
same as
to make one stand, to stand ; in the middle
597
form,
to promise, to affirm, to undertake, to take upon one'sfor
3 sing, imperf.
sef:
.599
ov, mutilated, maimed, injured in some part of the body
it denotes one 6
who has suffered some injury
to exwhich impedes his activity. It is therefore derived from
cite, to stir tip, and
not, the first consonant of w hich is changed
6,

,, ,
,

7|, ,

,
'},
, ,
>,
,
, , , ,,
,
^,
,
. , , , .

(as frequently occurs) into

Q

also,

The word may

dumb,

also signify,

blind,

Hence

to mutilate.

600

or

a.

f.

495.

1.

the^

Lve

601

make one forget; from

3

art of playing the harp

a harp, which comes from

to

poet, for

because

to conceal,

it

and

pi. aor. 2.

from

,,

love; or

allures the hearers into the wiles of

because it can be easily moved.

Nestor was so styled, because, when
Hercules took Pylus, he concealed himself, and Avas educated
was a Messenian
or
or
;

or

s, 6, Gerenian.

,
,.

',

Some

Peloponnesus.

city in

iroin TO

-,

vid.

ninety

Ill

by rbv

explain

a. 29.

from

,,
,,

ILIAD '.

602

tvi'sa, nine.

Arcadia, a district of Peloponnesus.

603
Cyllene, the highest mountain in Arcadia; also a
^Mercury vas born there, and was
city at the foot of that mountain.

, ,
,

hence called

a,

called

.Epytus, an ancient king of Arcadia.

His tomb

for the sake of the metre,)

(for

is

604

from which sepulchre the whole circumjacent country was so named.

a, , a sepulchral monument, a heap, a mound of earth raiied
to the memory of a dead person ; it is the same as
a mark ; properly, a stamped mark ;
and is formed from
hence any sign or mark, by inserting /i, and changing
into . Some
to raise a smoke, to burn, because the bodies of
deduce it from
but Damn objects to this derivation, as
the dead were burnt there
the word denotes any mound of earth.
,
^ 'hfi^^^^^'^S hand to hand ; from
near,

, ^, -

,
,

,
',
,,, ', .
:

\\.,

and

s,

i.

Fheneus, a city of Arcadia, near Mount Cyllene.

605
Orchomenos, a city of Arcadia.
It was called

s,

e.

a,

i^

which word

sheep,

is

ahiuiiding in cattle; from

derived from the sound which the animal utters

,
,
,
,
, .

', , , ', , ,
^^,,, , ,

when

to fight.

bleating.

and

in the

Ripe, a city of Arcadia, deserted

age of Strabo.

Stratia, a

town of Arcadia.

exposed to the winds, bleak

from

', ,
,
,
,
,
,
',,
,,
,
,
the wind.

s,

for

,,
, ,,

QQ^

poet.

Enispe, a town of Arcadia, situated on a mountain

whence the epithet

Tegea, a city of Arcadia.

if,

and Ion.

also

i)

607

Man-

famous by Epaminondas' victory.

608
, Stymphelus, an Arcadian city.
), Farrhasia, a city of Arcadia, once the royal reVid. Ovid. jMet. I. 198, 6cc.
sidence of Lycaon.
s, 6, Anceeus, a king of Arcadia; he was one of those 609
who were killed by the Calydonian boar at the hunt of Meleager.
6, Agapenor, son of Ancaeus.
to know, 611
, ov, skilled, intelligent from
by inserting r, and
which is derived from the middle form of
which, in composition, is frequently used to
prefixing tlie Prep.
tinea, a city of Arcadia, rendered

or

s,

increase the force of the signification.

lov, vuiritime, pertaining to the sea; from

a. 34.

, ,, ,

3',

614

Buprasium, a city and district of Elis.

615
a famous district, and afterwards a city, named
because
from Elius, a son of Tantalus. It was called

"",

Elis,

/ ",

KEY TO HOMER.

112

was surrounded by mountains. The celebration of the

Olympic games there rendered it particularly remarkable hence it
was called dla.
r), Hyrmine, a town of the Eleans, afterwards
616
called
the country

.,
,
,
,
,,
.
,
,
, , ,, , ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, ,
.,
,
,
,
:

Myrsinus, a fortified town on the borders of Elis,

MvprisvTiov.
s, ), Olemis, a city of the Cleans or ^tolians, situated
617
on a rocky mountain, which was called
the Olenian
/oc, 8, /,

afterwards called

rock:

Ion. for

',

-.

8,

to include,

619

Alysia, a celebrated city in Elis.

1.

f.

to contain,

to restrain:

,,

to enclose, to

'

include

Epeans, the same as Eleans, so

from Ini and

by Tmesis

kspyei,

for

named from Epeus,

a king of Elis.

620

a,

Amphimachus ;

o,

s,

Thalpius;

leaders of the Eleans.

621

8,

Cteatus

622
623

624

the son of Amarynceus.

and

(as

poet, for

8,

620

fourth
four.
s, 6, Polyxenus, an Elean prince.
and
6, Agasthenes; from

,^

icf

son of Actor.

6, the

,
Diores, an Elean prince.

,.

Eurytus ; Elean princes,

a, 6,

sons of Actor.

from

for

a. 1.)

whose stables were cleansed by Hercules.

Dulichium, a very fertile and wealthy island, one

the son of Augeias,

8,

of the Echinades.

626
627
628

at, the

,
,,

Echinades, islands in the Ionian Sea.

"Av-a, (used partly as a Preposition

as an Adverb,) opposite to.

,
,
,
,
,
, ,
,
,,
,
,
, ,,
8,

Meges, a nephew of Ulysses.

Dulichian prince

6,

with a Gen. partly

for

the son of Phyleus, a

who married

Ulysses' sister,

629

from

dwelling

631

f.

f.

to

hence

,,

to migrate, to transfer one's habitation

;
assemble together, to bring together into a

to inhabit.

who were under Ulysses.

All the islands under Ulysses' sway were called Cephallenian, from
the large island

632

1.

1.

,,

the Cephallenians,

'.

r)

Ithaca, an island of small extent, but the seat of

Ulysses' government.

N^ptrov, Neritum, a great mountain

f.

may be

633

1.

move, and

interpreted as
s,

Ithaca.

to

, and

in Ithaca.

shaking the leaves

a leaf.

poet, for

from

s, to,

or

,,

606.

Crocylia, an island near

ILIAD '.

,
,
,

^, , , , ,

Aiyi\i\p,

113

^gilipa.

rough, rugged, rude,

for

an island subjected to Ulysses.

a, , Samos, a small island which was anciently called Cephalenia, at present Cephalonia.
ov,
Epirus, here mentioned, was a state in Peloponnesus, subject to Ulysses' government.
aia, alov, situated opposite and beyond ; from
and
vid.
535.
having crimson prows ; from
s, 6 Kf
s,
an herb of a crimson colour, minium, and napya for
the cheek; also, the prow of a ship,
the ^tolians.
In the dialect of the ^i^tolians, a
new nominative used to be formed from the Gen. of the third declension ; thus from
was formed
a
from
, &:c.
a, 6, Zacyiithus,

",

M\opyo,

,,

', .

, ,
,,
,
,
,,, ,
,
,

,,
,

Thoas, a prince of ^i^tolia

Andrctmon,

Pleuron

ij,

',
,
.
', ,

an ^tolian

Chalcis,

,,
-,

^,

',

,
,

Pylene;

635

637

638

c,

cities of ^Etolia.

city, situated

631

639

near the river 640

Achelous.

sitnated near the sea, maritime

from ay

and

,,
hill

Calydon, a celebrated city of .i^tolia, situated

the birth-place of Meleager.

,
,

on a

.
,

Oeneus, a Calydonian prince ; he was father of 641

^leleager and Dejanira by his first wife, Althea ; by a second he became the father of Tydeus, who was hence called

for

.
,
, ,
,
.
,,
, , -,

nix,

t.

525^

a,

596.

His name

by Phoe- 642
denoting his passion

his history in part is narrated

is

hunting,

,
,

Meleager

3 sing, pluperf. pass, of

aor. 1.

f.

perf.

1.

Vid.

perf. pass,

643

a. 25.

the Cretans, inhabitants of

Crete, a

645

celebrated island where'Idomeneus reigned.

s,

,
,,
,

/,

Cnossus;

Cicte.

,
,
,
,

Lycastus,

,,

Lyctus

, ,

cities in Crete.

s,

,
,
,

fromio/,

spear-famed

a. 37.

',

white, splendid

, Phastus;

s,

Gortyna

Miletus;

,,

from
Rhytius;

303, and
;

;/,

8,

,
,

,
,
<,

Meriones, a Cretan leader.

Mars; from
Romans Bellona. Th. tvio- (for
a,

to

slay)

, ,

647

ov, %vhite.

having a hundred cities; from

a. 19.

646

cities in Crete.

Epimenides came from the former.

and

cities in

,
l2

649
651

Enyo, called by the

whence

648

i.

e.

,
,

',
it

whence
a.

653

may be

also derived from

i.

242.

, ,

',

Tlepolemiis;

Hercules.

654

655
656

to

e.

the clamour of combatants, a. 492.

n, 0, man-slaying ; from
and

7)

',
',

,^ ,

KEY TO HOMER.

114

cry out,

<,

8,

slay,

to

the son of

Rhodes, a celebrated island, much extolled by Pindar.

a Rhodian.
a, 6 ^
very much honoured, very noble,
as if formed from a, intens.
yspac, reward as a mark of
honour, and
to have.
It may also be taken in an unfavourable
sense to denote
those
)
who think themselves worthy of great honour hence, proud, haughty.
Eustathius renders it, boasting,
8,

,',,

fi,

"

,
, ,

,
,. .
:

in three divisions ; from

id. Th.
Lindus, a noble city of Rhodes, situated on a mountain on the southern coast.

Adv.

,
,
,,

cities of

658

and
Rhodes.

,,

Ephyreans.

s,

Jelyssus

Camirus;

y,

Astyocheia, daughter of Phylas, prince of the

/, ,

,,
,
,
',

Herculean ; from
, Herson of Jupiter and Alcmena.
659
Ephyre, a noble city in Elis.
Sellea, a river v/hich flows near Corinth.
Another river of the same name in Troas is mentioned in 1. 839.
660
, a young man, a youth in the prime of life and vigour ;
from
always, and
to glow, to be ardent ; because the blood of
youth is ardent and fiery, contraiy to that of old age or as if
one who is ever in motion, and impa,tient of rest from
cules,

,,

7]6, ,

,,
',

,
,
,,

a, jyriv.

and

661

U
662

664.

',
663

664
f

1.

J?,

well-built; from

6,

a maternal uncle,

f.

1.

to slay,

. 717.

Th.

'.:,

to kill;

',
'

aor. 2.

to fasten,

to

,
from

fx,

a.

280.

a. 410.

, ,,

Herculean strength,

Tr/'r/w,)

to ittfx, to con:<truct, to

a sons son, a grandson, a descendant

the

vid.

or

3 sing. aor. 2. by Apocope for

f. 1.
to become old ; from
a. 29.
s, 0, Lycimnius, brother of Alcmena.
or
(takes its tenses from the obsolete

build.

66Q

to sit.

,
,
:

i.

e.

from

a 9.

Hercules excelling

r), strength, power, vigour, is used

and power
with the Gen. of the proper name, or with an
under the form of
adjective formed from this proper name, in speaking of a person famed
for strength or power.

in strength

667

,
,
to

go astray,

f,

to

1.

^.^,

wander

part. pres.

itp

aor. 1. pass,

and down ; from

a, priv.

,,

to icander,

and

to see

,
,
,, , ,
,

,.
Dor.

ILIAD '.
Adv.

for

115
in three divisions

threefold,

Totig, three.

1.

f.

19.

dwell in, to inhabit

to

Boeot. for

Adv.

,,, ,,
1<, ,
', , ,

and

pour down,

to

f.

1.

'

vid.

from 688

'^,

pi. aor. 1. pass.

by tribes

i.e.

-,

and

from

to lavish

and

from

', .

profusely
to

362.

670

from

pour.

Nireus, prince of the island Syma, renowned for his 671

6,

beauty, but

'.t]v,from

Syma.

,
,,

Aglcea, the mother of Nireus she derived her name 672

from the circumstance of her beauty, as if
vid.
a. 532.
, 6, Charopus, the father of Nireus the name is formed
as if
the
being shortened.
bv, empty, infirm, weak, spiritless, easy to he plun- 675
dered ; properly, an epithet of one whose strength is exhausted
from
vid.
a. 129.
f. 1.
accompany,
(middle form of
a. 64.)
;

",
,
',

,
,
,,
^,

lo follow, to attend, to keep close to.

it

gave

its

name
r),

island

, Cos,

signified, a sheep

the

name

hence

and of a city therein. G77

whence the ancient proverb,

of an island

'.

for its fertility

this island

name,

s, 6,

,
,

Carpathus, an island

Carpathian Sea, which adjoined the Icarian.

to the

was famous

r),

Casus, an island not far from Carpathus.

and

The
Gi>

for

^,
,
,
,
,

676

Nisyrus, one of the Cyclades.

r),

by Metath.

in the island Cos.

Evaemon.
Calydmc, supposed

ai, the

Sporades.

8,

(.

di

6,Phidippus

-,',

to

s, 6,

Another Antiphus is spoken of

Pylaemenes, and a leader of the Maeonians.

of Hercules.

,,

its

Eurypylus, a son of Hercules, a celebrated prince

Another of the same name in 1. 736 was a Thes-

salian prince, son of

In the Carian dialect

seems to have derived

", ,

be the same as the

grandsons 678
Antiphus;
in 1. 864, the son of

679

Thessalus, a son of Hercules.

,,
,
;; ,
,,

Felasgian Argos, in Thessaly, the

first set-

681

tiement of the Pelasgi.

8, y) and , Alus, a city in Phthiotis, a district of Thessaly, 683
founded by Athamas. Some write it with an aspirate, and derive the
name from
because it was a maritime city.
Alope, a city of Phthiotis.
Trechina, a town founded by Hercules
or
on jNIount Oeta, where he afterwards burned himself. It was so
called on account of the ruggedness of the road leading to it.
, Hellas, the name of a city in Thessaly ; also of 683
Afterwards the
the surrounding district over Avhich Peleus ruled.

,,

^, ,

,
,,
,
,
,
.,
KEY TO HOMER.

116

whole of Greece which lay between Macedonia and Peloponnesus received the same appellation.
b (9 )), possessing beautiful women, distinguished
beauty, and
a. 348.
for fair women; from
684
Dor. and Ion. for
3 pi. imperf. pass, of

,,

686

,
,
,
,
,
,,
,
,
&,,

harshness, unpleasantness,)

687
690

Dat.

,,

which Achilles
691

f.

1.

6,

',

hoarse-throated ;" from

pi. imperf. of

difficulty,

vid.

pi. of a.

Lyrnessus, a city of Phrygia

took.

which

and

692

it

407.

for

"

conveys the idea of

a. 157.
vid.

and

poet, for

a.

, ,

harsh-sounding,

(used only in composition, where

one of the eleven

,' , ,

to plunder, to lay waste utterly; from

from
vid.
a. 19.
Mynes, the husband of Briseis, slain by Achilles.
is

s,

r),

warlike, practised in the use of the spear

to
f. 1.
131.) and
any fate, to bring on any fate ; also, to labour about any
thing ; which comes from
On account of
vid.
a. 278.
the many short syllcibles coming together, the
is lengthened into
693
, 6, Evenus, a prince of Lyrnessus and Asiatic Thebes.

from

(vid.

affect icith

,
', ,,

^^/,

694

of Selapius.

, ,
,
,
,

from

695

6, the son

,,
],
, ,
f.

1.

to be affected

mourn;

with sorrow, to grieve, to

a. 188.

), Phylace, a city of Thessaly, not far from

Thebes.

Pyrrhasus, a city of Thessaly.

696
Sync,
Ceres, the goddess of fruits, i. e.
the fruit-bearing earth; as
the earth,
a mother ; or by Sync, as if
the mother of people ; or
TO
to kindle, and
a mother seeking her
to find, qr
daughter Proserpine by torch-light.
a portion of land set apart: thus in Od. . 194,
a,

,,,

)"/,

^,

195,

'

apart a chosen portion of land, superior to the rest, excellent for

planting and for tillage.
It signifies peculiarly a consecrated place,
vid.
set apart from the rest, and dedicated to some divinity. Th.
they

set

',
", , ,
a. 460.

',.,

Iton, a noble city of Molossia,

,,,

particularly worshipped,

697

by the

sea,
e,

where Minerva was

goddess was frequently styled

,,

, ,-

full cf caverns,
loith grassy meads, an epithet of a country having

abundant and thick grass,

/j' from
vid.
503.

698

this

6, Antron, a city of Magnesia in Greece, situated

and so called because the surrounding country was

,
i.

whence

, ,

31. and

'

i.

vid.

Protesiklis, a valiant Phylacensian

e.

/3.

prince.

ILIAD '.

,
,

117

An

oracle had foretold the immediate death of Avhichever of all the

Greeks should first land this fate Protesilaiis voluntarily encountered
by leaping foremost on the shore, when he was directly slain.
bv, living ; from
a. 88.
699
:

, ,

t^j

lacerated around, rent all over,

both her bleeding cheeks

from
strip off the bark of a tree ; also,

,
,, ,
.
'
)
.
,
, ,
^,
,
,
,
,,
:

which comes from

i.

,,

and

a.

235.

unfinished, imperfect j from

r),

700

with the nails, to lacerate;

to tear

an oak.

'EXkXetnro, 3 sing, pluperf. pass, of

tog, 6

e. in

i.

properly, to

e.

an end.

half,

701

a Dardan, an appellation of part of the Tro)

jans, derived from
a, 6, Dardaniis, son of Jupiter, the
founder of Dardania, which he is said to have built on the heights of
ov,

Ida

his descendants built

Priam was called

from the

for

ot

Troy lower down on the plain. From him

The Aapdavoi were distinguished
(from 6
were divided into

and

3,

leap

to leap

I,

f.

to

which

from

is

and, by JMetath.
i^
without a

144.

,
,
f.

1.

^;;,

*0:,

,,

and

from

to desire, to feel the

want

leadei' or ruler

,,

and
of, to

yearn for

s, b, own-brother,

i.

ov, fitter

e.

bom

,,.

yb

of the

and
for arms, younger;

toe, o, a brother

who dwelt

in

same parents

,
,
,
",
,
,
", ,
,
,,
, the Bosbean

lake,

near

, , ,

ov,

ai,

Glaphyrce

lolchus

r),

707
711

Bxbe, a city

of Thessaly, in the dominions of Adrastus.

706

born,

for

from orrXov, arms, arinour, as if

Pherce, a city of Thessaly.
and
a. 26.
Uapai, by poet, paragoge for

youngest

703

704
705

Iphiclus, a prince

,
,
^, ,

'

a,

and 702
whence

the son of Phylacus.

, and0;^,

from auTbg, and

^.

with force
contracted into
to leap

Podarces, brother of Protesilaiis.

6,

8,

Phylace.

compounded of

having the same theme.

a. 240,

vid.

from

cities of

712

Thessaly.

Admetus, a king of Thessaly, famed for the fidelity 713

who devoted herself to death to save her husband.
eleven ; from
one, and
jui'a,
ten.
s, j), Eumelus, king of Pherie
he married a sister of 714
s, b,

of his wife Alcestis,

Penelope.

Alcestis, wife of

Admetus.

Euripides composed 715

a tragedy concerning her.

and

Thessaly.

a, b, Pelias, brother of Neleus, king of part of

He was killed by
and

,,

the craft of

,
r).

Thaumasia

Medea.

Methane, the residence of Philoctetes

cities in Phthiotis.

716

717

', ,

Meliba-a

Thessaly.

718

,,
^,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

118

s,

cities in

a part of Thessaly: the

Philoctetes, prince of

abandonment of him by the Greeks at the island Lemnos, and their

recalling of him thence, are the subject of one of Sophocles' tragedies.

719
720
722

",
^,

seven.

(,
larly

by poet. Sync,

pi. pluperf. of

s,

", , ,
sometimes

for tve-

is

a. 310.

vid.

Lemnos, a celebrated island where Vulcan particu-

was worshipped.
Adv. where; from

",

723

which

for

,,

the subjunctive article.

a icound, an open wound

',

and

in later writers

it

draw, because the noxious

humours of the body stre there drawn together ; or because it is a
separation of the adjoining parts.
, . 465, a violent
drawing away.
to labour with difficulty, to suffer pain; from
f.
which is nearly of the same signification as
from which
it is derived by prefixing
517.
properly signifies, thinking perniciously,
6 j^
meditating evil ; hence in general, pernicious ; from
), bv, per-

an ulcer

signifies,

,,
,,

from

.,

and

,,

By
727

,.
,

", .
,,
,

nicious,

to

the hydra,

water-serpent, a hydra.

Homer means

Th.

,,

,,

water.

the arrow dipped in the blood of the

hydra which Hercules slew.

, Medon, a son of Oileus the father of Ajax.

icj

or

-, ,

was not

ancients

concubines.

But

ov, born of a concubine.

disgraceful, as a

man was

Amongst

the oflTspring of clandestine intercouse

and was of

far less repute

than

.'

the

allowed to have

was called

the latter

is to

"^,

be

which
was admitted by law, but unaccompanied by any ceremonies whereas
denotes a child born in lawful wedlock.
is formed
of vb, a negative syllable, as
in composition, and
vid.
therefore considered a designation of the oftspring of concubinage,

*
;

',
,
',

22,) being one

728
729

who

not to he considered so sacred as

Rhena, a concubine of Oileus.
Tricca, a city of Thessaly, where there was a celeis

,
,
0, ,

,
, ,
,
,
,,
,,
,,

brated temple of ^sculapius.

a strongly fortified city of Thessaly.
otv, rough, difficult of ascent ; an epithet of a
i. e.
place where there are
^

from

requiring a scaling-ladder : or from

rugged and rocky places are as it were broken.

731

ladder, as
to

if

break, because

, , JEsculapius, famed for his skill in curing diswhence he derived his name as one
He was said to have been instructed in the medicinal art by
the centaur Chiron. He was called in the Doric dialect
whence came the form of the Roman name ^Esculapius,

eases,

,
,
^,

ILIAD

,
.

A'.

,,

Ion. for

to cure.

a physician; from

119
to heal,

732

s, , Podalirius ;
b, Machaon ;
sons
of yEsculapius, and both celebrated for their skill in removing diseases ; the latter for healing external wounds, and the former for curing
internal disorders.

,
,
(,

, Ormenium,
,,
,

a city of Thessaly.
Hypereia, a celebrated fountain nearPherffi.
a,
Asteria, a Thessalian city, so named
for being situated on a lofty mountain,
8,

.,
,,
",
8,

y, Titan, a

kj

,
.

town with mountainous environs

Thessaly.

, Evcemon,

,,

,
,
^.
,,

V>

*)>

Gyrtone

a Thessalian prince.

Argissa, afterwards called

Thessalian

cities.

735

in

'Apyspa'

Orthe, a city of Thessaly, in the district

,
,
.
^
,
,,

734

736
738

which was 739

This city was afterwards called i)

Helone, a city of Thessaly, founded by Hercules
after the destruction of the Centaurs.
OXooaaojv,
Oloosson, a city of Thessaly, near Mount Olympus it was afterwards called )
called

and

firm in

7),

'

battle, warlike, brave ;

a. 492.
8,

Polypates

his father,
for

,,

he derived his name from a deed of

by Sync,

Hippodamia, the wife of Pirithous, whose mar- 742

riage gave occasion to the battle between the Lapithae

,,
,

taurs.

,
,
,

The

Epirus,

; from
mountain opposite to Ossa

hairy, shaggy

Pelion, a

the JEthica,

district inhabited

^,
,,

and Ion.

-010,

a. 24.

, ,,
,,
8,

Coronus

r),

magyianimous

',

,,

,
,
,
,
, ,,
a. 264.

and the Cen-

. 219.

in Thessaly.

743
744

a Thessalian tribe, bordering on

by them was called

>)

kws, 6, Leonteus, a Thessalian prince.

,

740

from

745
and 746

from

the son of Cceneus

vid.

, Guneus, a Grecian leader whose residence was in 748

Cyphus, a city of Perrhaebia.
or
the Enienses, so named from the 749
Thessalian city // Alvia.
the Pereehi, a Thessalian tribe who dwelt in the
mountainous parts around Olympus and Tempe.
Dodona, a city of the Molossians, where there was 750
a temple and a grove of oaks sacred to Dodona?an Jupiter.
8,

,
,

,,

s, 6

count of the unnter's cold

,,

,
;

same;^as

severely cold, difficult to be inhabited on ac-

. 294.

vid.

vid.

19.

120

751

KEY TO HOMER.

'

,
-,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,

to desire

bv, desirable, pleasant, lovely

i],

greatly, to wish for eagerly

/,

from

.,

f.

which is from
, , desire,
Th. ', to send, and
tpog, a.

eagerness to obtain a beloved object.

469.

a river of Thessaly, which flows

s, 6, the Titaresius,

Peneus

but
those of the Peneus.

into the

752

7], , ,

the Peneus, a river of Thessaly,

Mounts Ossa and

,
753

id. in

(which is from
pool; hence

754

kj

to

flow above or over

oil,

577

which is so called
ing what is smooth.

fruit,

761

,,
,
,
,
,
', ,

763
765

',

,/,,

755

from

above;

silver,

a ickirt-

a. 249.

i^

and

from

,
.

,
,, ,

a,

, an eddy,

over,

from
from

. 232.

turn, toichirl round.

the summit,

. 218.

ov, TO,

ad

from

from

and

white,)

1.

f.

107.

and

silver-eddied

,,

Adv. on

to

Od.

mingle ivith; from

,
, ,,

heautifally-fioiving

r),

ic)

flow.

to

which flows between

Pelion.

s,

to

waters, being specifically lighter, flow over

its

the olive-tree or

produc-

the Styx, the fabulous lake of the infernal regions

vid. a. 186, cia

portion,
6 icj ), taken substantively, signifies
part either of fluids or solids ; hence,
branch of a river, a drop ;
to
adjectively, torn off", broken ojf, abrupt
derived from

break

756

off.

,, '
,

the Magnesians, a Thessalian tribe.

Prothous, so named on account of his swiftness.
Tenthredon, a ruler of the Magnesians.
to declare, to indicate, to say, to narrate ; from
64.

8,

s, 6, the son

^,

which are praised

,.

of Pheres,

"

Admetus.
an epithet of matched horses,

sc.

with similar hair,

and colour be the same.

from
a, ov, similar, like, and
r), hair, 3 being changed into r in the oblique cases, to
avoid the double aspiration of 2r and
from
of the same age ; syncopated for
^

is

their height

if

syncopated for

-,

,
,
,
,,

',

and

lar

766

a year.
with the accent on the penultimate, a perpendicuwith the accent on the last syllable, a grape ;

,,

,,

but

from

-,

id.

Pieria,

Olympus, sometimes a
767

^^, ,

female

which sometimes denotes part of Mount

Thessaly, and frequently a city.

district of

v. Att.

fruitful
place of the Pos. as
sex,

,
^,
^,

and Ion.
Compar.

the

,,

their conceiving

',

], ,, ,, ,

is

and having

used for

offspring

for

feminine, of the
frequently used in

' ^, ,
is

' ,

or from

or teat of the breast.

769

3 sing, imperf. oi

vid.

from

, the nipple
a. 1.

,
,, ,
,
,

ILIAD '.

,,

Th.

quoit,

made

disk,

121

774

of iron, brass, stone, or wood.

throw, to hurl.

to

a lance, a spear, dopv

Kj

such as

huntsmen particularly use compounded of ayav and ', to send,

because it can be thrown to a great distance.
, , the lotus, an herb and root of a very sweet flavour 776
;

,
,

who tasted it immediately forgot their

fabulously, those

native country

,,
,,
,
,,
,
,,
,
',
,
,
.
,
,
, , ,,, ,
,

whence

who

the proverb,

to eat the lotus,

prefer a foreign country to their

race of people mentioned in the

Th. tpa,

the earth, as if

ij,

Hence

own.
91.

t.

to eat, to brouze, as

1.

f.

Od.

/ epuv

beasts inclined to the earth.

part,

pres.

,,

kj

y, produced, or growing in the marshes

to nourish.

a marsh, and

',~6

8, TO, uild celery

',

rs

from

because

grows in watery freshes.

it

to form

1.

f.

. 55.

,
,
;

from

t^ >),

to

pi. imperf. for

as

if,

as

closely

andfirmhi

vid.

dear to Mars, or one to whom Mars

a. 20.
110, and
go about, to go to and fro, to roam;

", .

1.

f.

and cover

a. 43.
from
to groan beneath

6,

and

, ,, ,,

Arimi, a place in Cilicia, famous for

,
', .
", , , ,
,
fires.

8,

as

i^ /,

wind footed

from

and

if

,
,' ,

dear,

. 95.

vld.

and

is

TyphoLUs, a giant struck by Jupiter with his thunderbolt.

f, 1.
to lash with a whip, to lash in any manner
a thong, a whip ; also, a girdle, . 214.

neous

777

perf. part. pass.

s, 6

warlike

applied to those
a
the

its

778

779

780
781
782

from

subterra-

783

the wind,

786

the rainbow, that sign in

and
and
//, Iris,
Iris poetically
to tell.
which announces rain. Th.
represents Fame, for she walks on the earth, and hides her head among
She acted as a messenger amongst the Celestials.
the clouds.
787
vid.
melancholy, sad, sorrowful. Th.

the heavens

,.

2.

,,

to hold

,
,
,
,

//,

^'

, 6,

look around, to ivatch closely.

,,

vid.

,,

, swift:

^,

788

deno-

for

from

, -,

from
Dat. pi. for

swiftness, speed;

. 22.

a son of Priam.
a scout, a looker-out, a watch, a spy

a, 6, Polites,

and

,.

a. 54.

a gate; frequently used in the Plur.

^ipyai, Dat. pi.
:

ting then, a regal residence, a palace

3 sing. aor. 1. of

, ',
.

a council; vid.

a. 109.

,
,

afoot, and

791

792

,
, ^,, ^,
,
,,
,
",
KEY TO HOMER.

122

793

.,

via, bg, rely'ivg on, confiding in; part. perf. mid. of

, ,

^syeta, an ancient Trojan prince, the father of

Antenor.

794

^,

lables

and

<pi

fifth

under
137.
Gen. pi. of vavg, vid. a. 12. The syland
are frequently added to nouns of the second, third,
declensions, in the formation of the Gen. and Dat. which
vid.

or

for

hence appear indeclinable.

'

, , ,,
, , ,
,
,
, ,
,
,
rush

1.

f.

,, ,
',
,
"

-,

from any place ; from

a. 193.

vid.

for

and

3 pi. aor.

1. opt.

pass.

796

a, 6

i.

797

kj

not selected, not separated, confused;

e.

peace;

when the din of arms

sentiments.

time of peace,
declare

The

Scholiast on Euripides represents

its

s,

to

/c,

inevitable

turn over,

priv.

and

also, to collect

146.

a.

as formed
;

349.

by Metath.

but

it

appears

perf. mid.
and Att.
to see, to behold; the fut. 1. mid. and the perf. mid. are the only parts
of this verb which are used by the poet.
icj

f.

7), .

fut. 2.

1.

f.

I.

71.

disseminated variously, much scattered

to sow, to spread or scatter seed.
to be a leader, to lead, to head; vid.

-,

, ,,
poet, for

a city.

808

aor. 2.

1.

f.

from

806

a.,

, .
,, , ,
'-^,
vid.

804

Adv.

is

from

to roll over

rather to be derived from the

799

speak: because in the

hushed, the voice of justice
to

may

from

. 246.

vid.

ov, 6, a citizen; from

,,

an instrument ; particularly, a warlike instrument

in the Iliad, always denotes, military arms
of defeiiCe ;
which protect the body, defensive armour ; from
a. 4.
809
and
f. 1.
to open; wtyvvvTo, 3 plur. imperf.

,
',

pass. Ion.

';, ,

,
,
,

for

by an Ionic Dialysis.

)
, , ,, , , ,
, ,
',
, ,,

into a city

the gate of a city, a passage through the walls leading

from r)
a city, by an ^olic change of
into
or
r),

',

from
through the gates

because every sort of matter is brought into a city

others derive it from
to fold.
810
bv, one who goes on foot, pedestrian; o'l
foot'
soldiers, infantry; from
the sole of the foot, which is
formed from
ov,
the ground, by the change of d into .
sicg, b, a horseman : it is used by Homer to denote orie
:

who fights from a chariot drawn by horses;

were not in use from
a. 154.

for at that period cavalry

,,

, ,

. 96.
811

,,

or

when
oa^oc,

tumult, noise, properly, on the mountains

trees are cutting dov/n

from

a mountain, and

y,

hilL an elevated mound, a co-

,
,,

lumn
to

from

s, 6

kj

r),

,,,
^

a, 6

,
vho

, ^, .

passable all around,

Th.

to

or from

obstructs the quick progress of tra-

it

vellers.

s,

123

mutilated

bi'oken,

t),

impede, to prevent, because

all obstruction."

ILIAD '.

run, aor.'.

" clear

all

around from 812

perf. raid.

very active in leaping, active in the race

to

leap,

to

'
,
,

'

, My-

dance; an epithet of )
rinna,
performed many celebrated feats in war.
same as
KiV//atf, a movement of the feet.
, 6 ^ having an ornamented helmet ; from
a helmet, and
ov, various: or, according to

from

,
is

814

the

816

Damn,

one who bears about in every direction the helmet on his head, i. e.
tv
an epithet of a leader

tig

,
,
,

who

used to denote the

ardent and impetuous in battle ; from
in its primary signification, quick, active,
whole armour, and
a tempest.
easily bent and moved. Th.
819
s, 6, Anchises, a Trojan prince of the royal line.
jEneas, son of Anchises and Venus.
820
8,
is

, b,foam

Venus;

t),

is to

,,

in her nature very

is

wisdom

effeminacy of her

if

.', ,

,
, ,, ,
life.

fiom

foolish,

much opposed

others

,, ,
a<pps'

others consider her so called as

cause Venus

nence

be-

to Pallas, as inconti-

from the

and
, Ida, a lofty mountain in Troas. 821
Another mountain of the same name was in Crete.
, , the rising ground of a mountain, between the foot and
from
, the leg from the knee to the foot.
the summit
to make one lie down, to put to sleep ; in the pass.
f. 1.
aor. 1. part. pass, from
to lie along with, to lie down
comes from
a. (311.
, a bed; which, as {

,
.
,
.
,
,
', ,
',
,
:

,'),

^,

, ,,

, Antenor, a Trojan prince of the royal line, pre- 822

eminent for his wisdom and eloquence he married a sister of Hecuba.
;

Acamas
1.

s, o,Archiloehus

diud

sons of Antenor.

', , ,

'

Another Acamas, son of Eusorus,

844.

Blount Ida

Zeleia, a city in

from

its

manificence

ov, lowest

from

.-

Lycia minor, situated

it

was called
Ion. for

''

by Sync,

at the foot of

Pandarus, famed for his skill in archery.

and Ion.
, Adrastea, a city near the
Propontis, which took its name from king Adrastus, who built there a

temple

,,

Apcesus, a city near a river of the

not far from Lampsacus.

rounding

825
826
827
828

Nemesis.

,
to

824

Superl.

, .'Esepus, a river in Trojan Lycia.

ovoc, 6, Lycaon, a prince of Lycia.
a, b,

823

is

, , was

same name, and

Pitueia, a city in the Trojan territory

district

Teria, a city of Troas.

afterwards called

/^^.

the sur-

,,

829

KEY TO HOMER.

124

",

830

a, 6, Adrastus, a Trojan prince, the seat of v.liose government was Adrastea. Vid. 1. 828.
8, , Amphius, a Trojan leader, the son of Selagus.
Mfpoip,
a, , a Percosian, a citizen
831
, Merops ;
r), Percote,
(mentioned in 1. 835,) a city of Troas,
of
which Xerxes afterwards gave to Themistocles.
Ion. for t'ia, 3 sing, imperf. of
a. 276.
832

",,

7], ,

,
,,
,
.
,

",

833

s,

man-destroying, pernicious; from

Practius, a river between

was

the country around

836

^'/*

a man.

251, and

vid. a.

835

Sestus, a small city,

/^ t),

Lampsacus and Abydus

called

but strongly fortified, at the

Abydus, a city near the

'', , ,

entrance of the Hellespont.

Hellespont the
in this word is long.
Arisha, a
city of Troas.
837
s, 6, the son of Hyrtacus, a Trojan prince, the seat of
s, 6, Asius.
whose government was Arisba.
as if
s, 6, a leader, a prince, a ruler
for
vid. a. 144.
:

^\,

",

,
',

838
839

yelloic,

the
ii)

840

name

24.

Arisba.

from

ardent, full of fiery spirit, splendid, sinning,

to burn.
6, JEthon, was

',
,

of one of Hector's horses, mentioned in

t^

', ,
.

,
,
,
, '',
,
,
., 6

', , ,

185.

&c.

Hippothous, a son of Lethus.

son of Priam's,

251.
mentioned in
Larissa, a city of Troas, built by the Pelasgians
841
who passed over from Thessaly.
of the

842
843

same name,

is

,,

8,

,
',

PylcEus, a leader of the Pelasgians.

ov, 6, Lethus, 6

the son of Tytamus,

a noble

Pelasgian.

844
845

and

a,

Pirous, a leader of the Thracians.

; a narrow sea which separates

Thrace and Troas. But Homer seems to speak of the Hellespont in
the more extensive signification of that term, as meaning the northern
The denomination of Hellespont is said to
part of the ^^gean Sea.
have been derived from Helle, the daughter of Nephele and Athamas,
Avho was said to have fallen into that sea from the back of the ram
which bore her brother Phryxus safe to Colchis, when they fled to
escape the vengeance of Ino, the former wife of Athamas.
s,
'Ay
^ fiowing with violence, sxcift-fiowing ; from ayav
The Hellespont is so called, because the waters of
a. 249.
ai^d
this narrow sea flow violently from north to south, whence it was also

.
,
, ,
,
,
,

called

846

a, v, the Hellespont

by Herodotus,

,, ,,

Euphemus, a leader of the Ciconians.

being shortened for the sake
the
(for
Ciconians, a people of Thrace, who brought assis-

of the metre,) the

tance to the Trojans.

847

a,

son of Ceas.

Trazenus, a Thracian prince

a, b, the

Pyrechmes, a prince of ot
Thrace who lived about the

s, 6,

onions, a people of
at

,
,

ILIAD

river

,,

Some

curved, round, and

a. 45.
ferring to the lash or thong,

,,
,
,
and by which

it

interpret

to

a. 487.

who was

ot,

and

,
,,

move,

to

vid.

850

Asia minor.
851
a prince of the Paphlagonians,

lov, thickly covered with hair

robust, spirited, prudent, ir.

intens.

tied,

the Paphlagonians, a nation of

6, Pyl(Emenes,

by Menelaus.

slain

,
,

, ov,
as re-

Psonians, which was 849

Axius; a noble river of Thrace.

spread over: from iciii/i/jui, same as

6, the

848

they

which the dart was

to

city of the

'>.

afterwards called

^, ,

(;,)

was drawn back.

), Amydon, a

the Pee-

Strymon

one time possessed a great part of ]Macedonia.

using a curved bow ; from
'AyKvXOTO^og, s, 6 ^

125

554.

to excite:

Damn
vid.

hence, Metaph. manly,

derives this

word from

a. 189.

the Eneti, one of the most considerable tribes of the 852

Paphlagonians. These people, after the Trojan war, passed over into
Thrace, and thence into Italy, and were in the time of Herodotus incorporated among the Illyriaus.
mule, so called because it is the offspring of an
8, ,
b kj
an
ass and a mare ; from
half, and

, ,, ,.
,, , ^ ,
,
,
,
,
'
,

,
,,

', , ,

ass.

aor. 2. of
race; from
pa, pov, belonging to the fields, rustic, wild; from
huntress,
(taken substantively,)
afield.

,,

an epithet given to Diana,

Diana, huntress of wild beasts.

is

ov,

Paphlagonia

,
,

Cytorus

470.

Sesamus

cities

of 853

the former took its name from a son of Phryxus.

s, 6, the Parthenius, a river of Paphlagonia : but To

is

r),

<p.

a mountain in Peloponnesus.
Cromna, afterwards called

,,

, , uigialus,

854
855

Paphlagonia.
Erythini, a mountainous district of Paphlagonia.
ol, the Halizones, a people dwelling near the Euxine 856
Strabo says that they
Sea, whose territory bordered on Bithynia.
were the same as the.Chalybes, afterwaids the Chaldaei.
leaders f
8, , Epistrophus
8, 6, Odius ;

,
,
,

afterwards called

,
,,

the Halizones.

^,

,
,,
', ], ,

Alybe, the principal city of the Halizones.

a. 250.
origin, generation ; from

857

the Mysiajis.

858

,,,

,,

6,

cities of

Chromis ;

ov,

Ennomus

leaders ot

the INIysians.

, ,

an augur, a diviner of the flight of birds ; from

a, 5.

,
,
', ,
,, ,
,
,
,
, ,,) ,

KEY TO HOMER.

126
860
861

3 sing.
f.

as a bull

Some

864

from Ktipeiv,

it

,
,,
?^,

. 40.

vid.

(Ion. for
same as the Lydians.

865
866

a, 6, Mesthles

",

,
,

3 plur. pluperf. of
for
for

, the Maonians,
s, 6, Antiphus,

who

(vid.

are the

678,)

1.

,
,

whence the

the Gyg<ean lake, in Mzeonia.

ov, 6, Tmolus,

part,

',

far

from

bring forth,

to be

mountain in Lydia, not

lofty

-,

poet. perf. mid. of

born,

via,

to beget, to

,,

a leader of the Carians.

barbarous in speech ; from
voice, and
All foreigners were by
ov, 6 ^ r), barbarous.
the Greeks styled barbarians
but the Carians particularly were
called
on account of their language, which was a rough
s, 6, Nastes,

s,6

icf

to

, ,
,
,
,
speak inelegantly,

,,

868

i.

e.

^.

Hence

"

wood-crowned

signifies,

Miletus, a celebrated city in Caria.

ov,

''

from

covered
(vid.

,
,
,
,
,

',

id.

to

keep

off,

3 sing. aor.

from

,,

',,

ov,

the Mizander, a river of Caria.

Mycale, a mountain in Caria.
6, Nomion, a prince of Caria.

,,,
,
,,

to repel,

1. ind.

pbv, sad, grievous, miserable

death: or from
intens. and

-,
",
struction,

leaves,

ov,

1.

f.

with innumerable

796,) and

I.

a leaf.

;, ,
,,

dialect corrupted from that of the Greeks.

871
873

.'

of Phrygia minor.

leaders of the Maeonians.

Sardes.

869

from

to sheer, to lay waste.

a, 6, Ascanins, leaders of the

r), Ascania, a city and district

by Sync, and Ion. for
a. 590.
In the same manner, . 208,
. 637,
for
and . 590.

867

overthrow, to lay waste

to

derive

Phorcus

6,

Phrygians.

863

destroy,

to

TO, a horn.

862

61.

properly, to run against, and gore with horns,

1.

also,

aor. 2. pass, of

>),

sob.

destruction, death

to assist

hence,

and

from

from

a. 312.

,,

de-

or as if

ov,

^j

10.
vid.
from
or
876
6, Sarpedon, a king of Lycia, son of Jupiter
the
by Laodamia, the daughter of Bellerophon.
destructive, fatal, deadly

Lycians.

6, Glaucus, a leader of the Lycians, the companion

Sarpedon.
It was
877
AvKia,
Lycia, a celebrated district of Asia minor.
divided into Lycia major, of which Sarpedon was king at the time of
the Trojan warj and Lycia minor, over which Lycaon, >vith his son

and

relative of

,,

ILIAD

127

Pandarus ruled. Lycia minor lay towards Troy its principal city
Lycia
was Zeleia, which was called
(vid. 1. 824.)
major was in the direction of Caria. All the Trojan tniKspoi are fre-

^, ,

quently called
Troas.

};,
an eddy, a
toss.

oi

6,

Xanthus, a

the

,,

t'l

river of

Lycia major, and also of

deep-eddying, u-ave-rolling

ichirlpool, or

ivhirhcind

which

is

from

from

ctvrj, rjg,

to agitate, to

KEY TO HOMER.

128

ILIAD

,
,

,
,
,
, .

226.

,,
*0/*, ,

2
4

clamour, shout

ing, denoting thick, close rain.

and
comes from

'),

and
in Od. 507.

a flowing

r),

'/, ,

, 'pronounced by

8,

utter

,
,,
to speak.

to flow

pi.

Pygmcean; from

afiow

,,

immense, vehement
;

as

if

from a, priv.

a god, ordained by fate

Th.

from

,,

and

very great,

>),

Sreog

divine responses,

Gen.

from

what not even a God could

Hct

, ^., ,
,
,

shower ; from

8,

'.

Hence

which

jq\, for

the fist

also,

a measure containing the space that lies between the elbow

and the fingers when closed : so called because the stature of the
Pygmaean race did not exceed that measure.
ciyy, they advanced silently.
8
Vid.
280.
cu^ii

, ,,, , .
;

"
.
,',

Nom.

poet, for

pi. part. pres. of

,
, , ,.
,
,
,
' ,

&c. one another ; from

(defective,) Dat.

;;,

8,

robber

from

vid.

a contraction of

of

12
13

icf

to look

, ,

and

which

132.

Ace. sing.

better.

fm-ward,

from
from

"Opvf/it, to excite, to raise up.

vid. a.

to see ;

raised dust:

to leap.

/,
, ,, ,

is for

Th.

(vid. Kovia,

120.

150,)

3 sing, imperf.

pass.

,
',
',
,,
,
,,

from

\
16
17

Adv.

near, contiguously close: from

to fight in the foremost line;

8,

.
.
,-

driven in the manner of a whirlwind, stormy

a whirlwind, a storm.

iwm

i.

e.

and

Alexander, a name frequently given to Paris.

belonging to a panther ;

,,

sc,

a panther's skin which Paris wore on his shoulders from

a panther,
because this animal

,
,
-.

,
,,,
,
,

,
,
,,
ILIAD '.

129

moves forward in a curveting manner, going from

1/. 103, and p. 20.
, ov, curved, bent ; from
same as

Vid.

side to side.

bend, to curve,

to

part. perf. pass, of

for

. 1.

vid.

headed with brass,

18

e.

i.

having brazen points.

to call forth,

challenge

to

from

3 sing, imperf. mid. Ion.

, fight, combat

,,

/3,,^ ,
,
''
,
', ,
, ,
,
, , , . ^,
.,
,
, . ,
,,
,,
,,, ,
,
Th.

raging.

hostile,

20

burn.

to

or

from

19

5a.me

pres.

from

vid.

to go,

a.s

contr.

213,

advance; part. 22

to

part. aor. 2. of

221.

i. e.
; from
for it is said to be 23
with its eyes open.
the body ; as if
the habitation
of the soul ; or as if
from
to light on any thing, to find, to meet icith : the
{.
same verb occurs under the form
f. 1.
Hence
. 488, that on ichich any one falls, a prey which any one

and

a lion

to sleep

meets icith.

s, 6

i^ r),

,
,
,
, ,

horned

from

a horn.

lov, wild, belonging

,,

to the fields;

a field.

,, ,
,
,,
.

hungry

to be

1.

from

although.
1.

f.

to incite, to

?;,

8,

sin grievously

move, to rouse

mid.

pi. pres. subj.

an offender, a sinner
which is from
as

,,

if

,,

id.

and
which is as

f.

if

1.

in the aor. 2.

Adv.

the ground,

,,
1.

f.

middle voice

to

to strike

from

mind,
Homer adds

to strike the

to avoid, to

to strike.

signifies to -strike the body, it

29

1.

the earth.

forcibly, to stupify
1.

is

,
,

ground

f.

but when

and

the

f.

28

or

, ,

shun.

to yield, to retire; also, to contain, to be

8,

',7], , a

trees:

2.

go astray

It

31

has

makes
and

32

capacious;

the former significations belong principally to the

aor. 2.

same as

07i

from

that to obviate the misapplication in this line,

-,

f.

to

Hence

to hold.

, ,, ,,

3 sing. aor. 2. ind. pass, from

been observed that when

'poJ,

pursue: 26

receiving a denial of one's supplication.

in Pindar
a, 6, a chariot : the plural

^.
,

carry.

25

hunger.

, ,

from
wander,

to

sometimes,

and

used Att. for the singular. Th.

to

24

, ,

from

{},

3 sing, imperf. mid.

and
y, springing backward ; from
valley, a hollow, a jungle, a place planted with low

Dat.

<^

pi. Ion. for

ov, b, a trembling, a tremor: from

33
34

::

KEY TO HOMER.

130

^,

\,

,-

by Tmesis for
being doubled for the
the
sake of the metre.
8, TO, a limb, a member: properly, the feet
hands :
(i. e. /') ievai, because the former walk on the
TO
(from ;^) contain every thine
earth, and the latter
or the notion may be taken from young children, who on their hands

,
,
,

,
,
,,
),
, , ,
',
,, ,

and

35

feet

alvsv

".

(,

1.

f.

to retire, to recede

',,

from

advance; also, to contain; which comes from

3 sing. aor. l.ind.

^,

8,

1.

f.

39

which

is

paleness

,^,

a surface loith

its

as

froma,

if

colonr, the

human

and

jjriv.

skin; hence

s, 6,

unfortunate Paris, " curst Paris;" from

6,

,
,

to

pale: and

grow pale.

to

used only in composition to denote

fortune.

to go,

a place:

a,

difficulty,

mis-

evil, or

woman-mad, smitten with a passion for women

and
to rage.

b,

from yvv)),

,
,
, ',
^

and

or as

if

riage

is

in

399,

1.

,,

in its proper acceptation, childless; but here

unmarried ; from a, priv. and

^
unsubdued, unfettered ; for

',

a yoke.

,,
, , ,

',
42

from

means, unborn.
s, 6

41

fair-deceiver

the voice.

ova, 6

it

o,

by flattering icords; which is, according to Eustathius, as if

from
pa, pov, gentle, soft, soothing, flattering,

to deceive

40

r),

more useful

to

most useful

gain.

^,

marry ;
mar-

from

,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,, ,
,
injury, disgrace, insult;

may be

[Perhaps

/, ,

vid.

232.

a.

Hebrew word, laab,

derived from the

siibr

sannavit.^

43

joyous,

to rejoice,

and

s,b

laugh heartily

for

which

i^

or

which

.^,
,,
and

f.

poet, for

is

intens.

48

thus,

to fit,

this

Nom.

^,
,

or

s,

from

to

the earth,

to

be

loosen, to relax

for
3 pi. pres. ind.
a foremost fighter ; from
to sail over ; from
or

word has the

6)

for

part. aor. 1. pass,

'.

'
,

vid.

from

to love.

inflection of the third declen-

the ground, soil,

and

care,

is

Ace.

bv, of another country , foreign

to see.

mind from

to sail.

(.

from

very united, "beloved, very dear

to join together : or from
and

tenses from the obsolete

and

1.

to relax the

In the plural number

sion

be gazed at

to

for

44
47

, subject to

1.

f.

for

which borrows

its

from
ov,
which comes from ca, Dor. for
465,

ILIAD '.

), ,

131

beauteous, handsome

from

,
,
,.,
, ,,

icj

and

iv, well,

the countenance.

Isvdg, 8, y, a brother ov son's wife ; the Grecians fought for the reif for that of the wife of a common brother.

covery of Helen, as

kog, 6

foes: from
K.

193.

i^

//,

and

from

hostile;

,,

joy, exultation

,
,

<

sing. aor. 1. opt. ALol.

a husband.

idogr), sam.e as

which comes from

,,,

', , ,
",
,

ic]

ov, of stone

,
,
. .

from

for

,
,
,
'
;

Vid.

and
move : some derive
a quick motion.
to

',

an

axe.

,
,
,

,
,,
',
to

addition of

i^

vrfiov, as o.

Ion. for
;

or for

410

,,

aor. 2. subj. of

also, to strengthen.

,
,,

IljOOf/ispw, to

it is

from a, priv. and

p.

But

here, as also,

3 sing. subj. pres. from

by a

poet, insertion of v,

aor. 2.

r),

from 62

Homer

,
.

744.

Dor.
and Ion.

Th,

^'

vid. a. 331.
s,
i^ r), intrepid; from
bring forward, to show, to exhibit, to reproach,

60

used with

braid, to object as a crime.

vid. a.

59

a. 278.

brandish, to shake,

naval, belongirfg to a ship

a naval plank, for which

, a pmverful motion, force, strength.

forcibly

to one's desert,

a naval plank.

cut

to

not worn out, unsubdued

vyiov

sometimes uses
391, simply
for

Th.

54
56
57

subdue.

vid. a. 12.

600.

pluperf. pass, of

because

,,
^, , ^,
//, , lov,

to

from
Vid. /3. 319.

vid.

it

i^j

wear out,

Vid.

id.

53

s, 6,

according

e.

similar in signification to

2 52

a wife; ifrom

430.

2 sing, of

a. 416.

to

^, ,

,
,

',

put on.

deservedly

V.

,
'

timid , fearful

' , ()),
, ,
which

for

to

,,

downward.
unmoved ;

a harp or lyre; from

^(,

our 51

to bend down the counbecause those, who are

not to yield, to remain firm, to await

a bed,

to

a cast-down countenance, shame

from

affected with sadness or shame, cast their eyes

,,

joy

also, a sporl, a laughing-stock,

,,

and Ion.
attended icith sorrow, disgrace
tenance, which

strength.

49

very glorious, veru illustrious

from

to

move

63
up- 64

to

65

279.

bv, here does not signify, ivilling, voluntary

but, of Q(i

own will ; thus the blessings derived from the gods do not depend upon a man's own will.
2 sing, aor. 1. 68
f. 1.
to make one sit down;
imperat. from Kara and
id.
one's

), ,

',

,, ,,
,,
,
KEY TO HOMER.

132

70

71

'Avtspyw,

',

1.

f.

^, ,
.
strain.

1.

f.

79

^,
,

80

to

from

1.

1.

from

'

to

feed

Vid,

speedily, iinmediately, eagerly,

26.

vid.

xL.

41.

597.

j3.

55, from

many ; from

TrovXv^OTtipy, poet, for TroXvtoTsipy,

7o\vQopa.

all loere

silence held."

to shoot at

at a mark, to take aim at

to stretch.

pa, pov, feeding and supporting

95

to re-

which comes from

id.,

and
or
which Ion. for

,
',

arrows against one,

.45.
and aim accurately

3 sing. pres. mid. of

Adv.

vid.

from

vid.

for

89

f.

place, to settle

sit, to

to use

1.

f.

from

to direct

85

Vid.
Sync, for

mute in

silence,

"

all

deep

a. 34.

used deponently,
undergo labour. Some consiwith the insertion of , perf. mid. of
pi. perf. pass,

,
,
,
.
,
7)
',
,,&, ,,. ',,^,
>
,
,

,
,

of

f.

der

it

to labour, to

1.

as Sync, for

7oJ,

to suffer.

3 sing. perf. pass, of

for

also vid. a.

of

102

,
,

make one

,
,
,
,
^,,
^,
,
,
,
, ,,
;

also, to harness, v. 23.

83

keep hack, to repress

to

from

pi. aor. 1. ind pass,

with arrows

101

riches

to acquire, to possess.

whichsoever; poet, for OTTOrtpoc, spa, tpov, from

77

99

wealth,

perf.

Ttpcq, id.

78

possessioji

1.

f.

A: the

so that

Of

it

the following parts are used

the obsolete

for

infin.

. 225

die,

which

ind.

prepare;

rejects the

pres. imperat.

which we have

Dor. and

these are considered to belong to

',

also adopts the following from the obsolete

whence

and

to

most usually
appears under the form

perf. pass, of this verb

and

to

viz. perf.

part.

and

Vid. ^pijTKoj, a. 56.

2 pi. aor. 1.
poet.
Sync, for
optat. pass, of
vid.
387.
a poetic epithet, formed from
106
s, 6 ^j
and having the same signification, very great and high above the usual
measure, and, in a disparaging sense, insolent, arrogant, overbearing
a covenant-breaker, one who
it also denotes
Upav
violates a covenant ratified by libations,
cup,
vessel from u-hich libations were
from
But Damn brings forward sevemade, and
beyond, contrary to.
ral passages which show that the latter is not the original meaning of
the word, nor the proposed etymology correct ; particularly o. 94.
*' Full

,, ,

'

how harshly tempered is the 7ni.nd of Jove, and how

where
denotes a mind
untractable," says Juno to Tmesis
which the Romans called non civilem, not acknowledging or submitting
to common laws and rights, but esteeming itself superior to all
well thou know'st

ILIAD '.

133

established regulations which should govern the conduct of associated

^, ,

,, , ,y,
, .
.,
- -, , ,,,
,,
,
,
,
,
,,
', , ,

beings.

. 589.

Md.

and

Mir'iyTi, Ion.

1.

f.

to

Iljoo rt,

Dor.

to

guard,

to

to

keep back, to restrain

defend

but

,
"

109

326.

Gen.

113

both derived from

for

vid. a.

),

for

107

to be present ivith.

draw back,

to

draw,

1.

transgression, offence;

which by poet, paragoge

poet, for

3 sing. subj. pres. of

f.

for

and

from

also

Gen.

//

116
118
122

a sister-in-law, a husband's sister, or a brother's wife ; from

milk, because they are as it were
nourished
with the same milk.
s, 6, the son of Antenor.
a icife ; as if
from
, 6, marriage
or
avdpi, because she is subjected to her husband.
r), Laodice, a daughter of Priam.
Another of the 124
same name, mentioned in t. 145, was a daughter of Agamemnon.
f. 1.
to weave ; Metaph. to frame, to form, to devise ; 125
same as
or
in 1. 212,
i^
theii
framed their words and thoughts; and in . 187, coXov
he
framed, i. e. he devised a plot.
6 icj ?/, having two surfaces, double; from
twice, 126
and
f. 1.
to
), a smooth surface ; or from
double, which comes from
double.
Eustathius says there is

^, ,'

,
,
.
, . ,

, ,,

'^,

an

,
,,

',
,
which

ellipsis of

to shine,

is

,
,

',

others, of

shining, splendid

formed by reduplication from

,, ,
,
,, , ,
"
, ,,
,
f.

weave

1.

to sprinkle over

Metaph.

3 sing. aor. 1. ind.

to

f.

inwork, to inter-

being doubled poet, from

to sprinkle.

8,

prefixing a,

and

,
,
to

like

f.

,^, '.

by

129

to bethroth,

1.

nom.

in

1.

pi.

Gen.

1 sing,

as

if

sing, of

to

and

f.

1.

to fasten, to fix.

',

which forms
o{
from whose 2 sing,

fut.

,
give in

eager for, same

Ion. for XiXat'y

to enjoy, to be

. ',

paulo post
from

cy, 6cc.

wish

399,

3 sing. perf. mid. of

,
,,

to desire, to covet, to

in prose

Ion. for

formed

quick, swift.

godlike, admirable; from

,
,
^,
',

pass.

from

a nymph, a marriageable girl ; also, a 130

a bethrothed girl ; as
from vtov, lately, and

Hence

part. pres.

r),

which comes from

,',
as

girl,

appear.

marriage.

into

fem. of

for

new-married

a conflict, contest, labour

or

and changing

1, apio,

id.

its

perf.
is

123^

135
137
138

131
140

,
.
,,

ToKtvg,

y, a parent

Kj

from

to cover, to conceal;

1.

f.

mid.

or

', ,

apyevvyai, Dat.

142

bring forth

to

,
,
.
.^, ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
;
,

Ion. for

141

,
\,

KEY TO HOMER.

bv, white; from

pi. for

a thin linen robe, a veil;

ij,

part. aor.

?},

bv, id.

boovyai, Dat. pi. for

ov, b, an ajxtrtment, a bed-chamber, particularly belong-

ing to husband and wife

By Synech.

tofururiih.

from
used

it is

tender, soft

to cherish

to

denote the
from

or from

to

near,

to harai!^, to

144

'

6Xs,
^ r), aii attendant, a servant ; diS ii
being aboAit the mistress from
and
a. 490.
b, Pittheus, son of
y), jEthra, daughter of
;

vid.

,^,

/icwse itself.

affiict.

143

, ,, ,

Pelops.

145

,
,
,
,
,,,, , ,,

the Grecian
their

146^

Gt

148

bv,

left.

Friam and

his attendants.
It has been before
observed, that the plural article, followed by
or
with a
proper name, signifies the chief and his attendants, or the party.
(contr. 8,) oa, (contr. ,) b, Pantho'us;
8,
:

Trojan
b,

-'/,

,,
;

name

the

Lamjnis ;
s, b, Clytiiis;
Hicetaon :
brothers of king Priam.
b, Ucalegon, a Trojan prince, famed for his
is formed from sk, not, and
to have consi-

,,
,
,,

deration

and care for any thing

from,

xcise,

chiefs.

and

s, b,

wisdom

149

camp

name from

Thymoetes

147

Clymene.
an gates, which opened towards the sea, and
situated towards the west, whence they derived

the Sea

as

to breathe;

sage.

,, . if

to be

wise: hence

3 pi. imperf. of
to sit.
an elder of the people, a judge of the people,
a senator on account of his age, a father on account of his influence
from
s, b, a people, and
b, an old man.
151
b, properly the palm cricket, not the grasshopper, as
some interpret it, but an insect well known in hot countries, and which
in Italy is called Cicala. The grasshopper rests on the ground, but
the favourite abode of the Cicala is in the trees and hedges.
The
name is given by onomatopoeia from the chirping noise which those
insects make
Dat. pi. for
152
by Pleonasm of , for Ikvbpov, h, to, a tree.
having the properties of the lily, sweet, flourishing; from
a lily.
ov,
153
8, TO, a toioer, a wall defended with towers, a fortification ;
from
and tpyov, a,
because it is exposed to assaults
Ei'aro, Ion. for

,,

b,

,
,,
', , ,

',.

,, ,

ILIAD '.
from

or because with

fire,

pinnacles

its

,
,,
",
,
, ,
,
,
of

it

135
upwards

shoots

a flame

like

lire.

""H/ca,

Adv. quietlif, gently, softlif.

Adv. sometimes, exceedingly, very

dreialfuHy

from

vbv

vr),

Boeot. for

vid.

/,

properly, grievously,

a. 414.

pi. imperf. of

<.

161
163

a husband.

b,

, ,

155
158

by marriage, kindred ; from

we gain by affinity.
Eustathius observes that those are ol
who do not belong
ti) us by family connexion
but they are
who become allied to
us by marriage.
IoI^. for

denoting relation which

to possess, to acquire,

', ,

,
,,

1.

f.

rush against with violence

to

-nr up against, as here

;3.

reUttive

from

and

huge, great, immense, iconderful

321.

,
-

also actively, to

165

to impel, to excite.
;

from

,,

166

pa, pbv, venerable, deserving honour; Compar.

170
1. 211, from yepag,
reward as a mark of

pa, pov, in

honour.

EKvpbg,

:,
'/

,,

8, 0, a father-in-law, a husband's father

a mother-in-law

ijg, i),

from

any thing, superior authority;

or, as if

'',,

,
, '
", ,. ,

receive; or, as

iavTbv

in the feminine,

eog, rb, the

172

head and hinge

irom

to

aytiv, because

he leads the damsel to his house.

vbv, dreadful

in reverence
f.

from

also in a favourable sense, reverend, held,

vid. a. 33.

2.

1.

appears that

to please,

to

delight; adiiv, aor. 2.

was the Attic form

was

'

It

whence ',

'

breathing, signifies,
disgust.

btpiXev

death had been

s, b, here denotes,

/,

choice !"

my

173

but that the original

to please.
with the smooth
f. 1.
he satiated even to loathing, to be affected with
"
Oh, that some cruel
adtlv

2
, -.
,
,., , ,
,, , , ,

infin.

a brother

and

from

?;

by Sync,

for

174
175

born in the advanced age of the father, youngest by birth, btvn

far, at a disof the father, only, most beloved ; from

ance, and,
equality in age, the society of
and Ion.

II the absence

,
,
,
,,
,

age of ife

f.

from
or from

equals in age

to melt

1.

bv,

like,

also,

similar,

an assembly, a
to pine away
:

and

)],

perf.

, , ,,
,

kindle, because

it

", ,

riew with astonishment, to envy

Adv.

and

very, excessively.

vid.

yoa,

1.

irious, splendid

the

,
mid.

to
a brother-in-law, a husband's brother ; from
was customary for them to carry the marriage torches

before the bridegroom.

), shameless, impudent
f.

,,

society.

;;,

hence

,,

to

a. 159.
admire, to applaud,

to

, bv, admirable, illus-

admiration, veneration: from

176
180

181

,
^, ,.,

KEY TO HOMER.

136
182

tog,

born with a happy fate

kj rj,

and

fate, happiness,

i^

happy, and

icealihy, rich,

properly denotes one

,
,

blest,

tv

who spends

his

happy
6

,
,
,

/,

rived from ol

;,,

barley,

Ion. for

pass, of

life in

hencQ, enjoying abundance, uealthy

deand
a, b, life.
Also,
8, ,

aor. 2.

perf. pass,

pi. pluperf.

perf.

pluperf.

, ,, ,
-,
,
.
-,
.
,
, "
,",.
,
\\,
', ,

s,

using swift horses; from

to

move

Otreus, an ancient king of Phrygia major,

who

ic)

and

s, 6, properly, a colt.

reigned conjointly with

187

',

for

',

"Hu , formerly.

quickly,

186

to subdtie

and by Sync,

aor. 1.

84
185

which

],
^-

I.

f.

?),

"-

very intelligent.

6
)6
agricultural pursuits, from

(i. e.

riches, possessions, wealth, happiness^

183

lov,

,
,
}.

which he acquires wealth

from

),
from

kj

Mygdon.

encamp ; {rem
s, , an army
3
imperf.
an eminence, which comes from
; from y

to

Ion. and poet, for

a bank

also denote, the moujuls of earth on the sides

for

of a ditch.

188
189

191

the Sangar, a river of

Phrygia major.
number ;
1 sing. aor. 1. pass.
'AvTiaviipa,
, an epithet of the Amazons, equel in strength to
and
men, masculine; also, " man-defying :" from
or
s,

f.

,
,

1.

to

,
'
,
,
, )
,
,
,
,
,
to

ask,

s,

or

ram

as leader to the flock

^nteoogate

to

in the active form

196

or as

197

and

198

07,

plur.

201

a sheep.

. 245.

,,,

{.

to liken, to

and

^,
,

icj

from

^but

because he acts

to lead.

walk up and down,

to

compare,

371

to

go along ; from

from

/, , ,

and Ion. ,',

a flock; from

, , rough,

a fietce

which

a sheep

,^^,
id.

Od.

in

455.

,
,
for

from

202
8, , craft, cunning, fraud, deceit ; from
fraud binds those who are ensnared by it ; or from
catch, to allvre ; also, to conceal, to feign, to dissemble
s,
Hence Jupiter is styled
to deceive.

Venus

from

is

ace.

to acquire, to possess.

barren, mountainous

the top, summit, head.

and

id.

full-feeced , having a white fieece ; from

compact, close ; sometimes, white, (as in Callim. Dian,
s,

90,
8,

if

to say, to speak, to tell.

range about,
490.

to

vid. a.

),

405, Hence

,,

^,
:

to

a.

bind, for

to take,

or from

crafty,

8,

to

540, and
245,

Od.

, , ,,
,
,
,
, ,
,

ILIAD *.

same

as

6,

a message, to declare

Ion. for

,
,.

to entertain

vid.

. 55.

bear

to

with hospitality, to receive as a guest

ugliest,

20S

207

to

208

here, to treat friendly

1.

f.

a messenger, ambassador; from

or

from tivoQ, a,

.,
,
,

137

bv, close, prudent

I knew, I marked, I observed

learn, to know. Vid. a. 125.

,
,
,

aor. 2.

pass, of

Adv. with rapid conciseness; this word expresses 213

both rapidity of speech and brevity
from
to run, to hasten,
vhich comes from
s, 6 , y, one using many icords ; from
and
214
vid.
25.

,
'.'
,

6 i^jr), one who wanders in words from the point,

" indulging in loose and idle play of terms ;" from
to err,
io wander, and tTToc,
a word.
poet, and Ion.
2 sing. aor. 2.

,,

, ,
,
'
',,
,
' ,
, ,,
, , ,
,, , ',, , , . ',,
,

.
-, ,
,
.
",
,

to

bending forward

,,

414.

\iil.

/;,

from

and

unskilful; hence
-, unskilfulness,
^
198. from a priv. and
skill, which comes from
know.

,
s,

y, furious, very

icj

angry

from

intens.

and

215

217
218

219

220

vid. a. 82.

snow
V. 754.

,,

ments.

Men

fake of snow, a shower of snow

o^

a,

?/,

woman

had

also

his chests

which chariots were covered

thus in

leader

in the stands left of

from

and poet, in the pi.

Adv. ivith the fist ;
to fold ; or from
Adv.

,,

closely, as in

,
,

live

or as

if

^,

to render joyful.

Unn,

to

Q, b, a bladder,

hold

or

a, b

),

; from
boxing the hand is closed.

231

235
236
237

the brother of
b, Pollux.
producing things necessary for sustenance ; an 243
to bear, to bring forth, and
to
from
producing animals.
to delight, 246
, heart-eihilarating ; hence

if,

epithet of the earth

Lycaon, with fair hang-

&C.

good in pugilism

b, Castor,
:i

hanging with

for^uto, two.

',

s, b

took twelve mantles

to lead,

for

,, ,

and 228

194,

ings all o'ermantled, strong, new-fnished,'^

Pna.m

also signifies, a drapery or

of beautiful texture.

to stretch out,

from

8,

222

usually thrown over the other garthus

229,

robe,

their

" eleven chariots

to

snowy,

long-robed; from

from

hence

poet, for

a skin

from a,

intens.

and

to lacerate, to tear.

y, belonging to a goat

from

'

vid. a. 41.

^,
to

con

247

,
. ,
-,

.
,
,

, bv, ahin'mg, splendid;

from

from

2G0

or

Adv.

rioteer,

which comes

',

from
vid.
94.
;
Eustathius derives the wOrd from
as the reins unite the horses.
Hence
s, 6, a chaquickly, with speed

ov, TO, a rein.

to unite

262

to shine,

joke: fut. 1.

to join, to

pres. infin. for

261

, ' *,

KEY TO HOMER.

231, and

,,

-, ,

505.

6, ib.

',

'
'
,

properly, a military chariot, in which always two

stood, one on the left directing the horses, who was called

,
,
,

the second on the right, the combatant, called

is therefore, by Sync, for

to carry two.
from Ho
Afterwards, as seats in the houses of the noble and rich became
to be made after the form of a chariot, the word
signified also
'
" take this seat." In the
a seat ; thus . 354,

sometimes occurs.

plur.

263
268

",

,
,,
",

',

',

here, to direct ;
for
3 pi. imperf.
ava, by Apocope for
which is for
(the augment being omitted, and
changed into ) 3 sing. aor. 2.
"Aj/

1.

f.

for

make one

',
to

simple

rise

,-.

c/f

the aor. 2, of this verb, as that of the

has a neuter or passive signification

vid.
533, so that av. signifies, he arose, 'Ava is also used for
arise, 2 sing. 2 aor. imperat.
It is also the
vid. . 331.
of
Vid.
351.
[May not av, or ava, in this case be referred
to
understood, and which will then be
and in the
imperative sense be used adverbially as our word " vp ?"]
for
admirable, very excellent, renowned, illustrious, splendid ; from
to admire.
271
a large knife, used for the double purpose of a
knife and a weapon ; a short sword ; from
y, ajight.
272
3 sing, pluperf. pass, of
to take, to raise, by Pleonasm of
or by Sync, and Ion. for
3 sing, pluperf. pass,

'
;

a.

'^, , ,
,,

,
,

,, ,
,

of

pended,

from

to

to raise up, to elevate, to

Some

hang.

raise,

afi'pw,

,
,

insertion of

^, , ,

as,

279

whatever

its

to

punish, to revenge

pay

to slay, to kill

to cut,

in the pass, to be sus-

and

,,

2. d. pres.

from

id.

//,

'

and

;'

, ,
,. , ,
',

281

and

,, , ,,

a sword
from
edge touches, it cuts.

store, to return, to

3 sing, pluperf. pass,

ead aopro for
with the Ionic rejection of the augment, and
i

\^id. r. 2.53.

o.

suspend

to re-

vid. a. 42.
Th.
an Ionic verb, formed

which by reduplication produces

and hence, by Sync, and the usual change of the first aspirate,

from

291

1.

f.

poet, for

id.

until:

from

292

'^ ,,7), ,
and

and

T.

229.

from

,,,

so long, in the

meantime,

',

189

and
to
from
;
mouth transmits the food to the stomach or from
because the mouth is bound together at the jaws.

ov, b, the throat

pour, because the

touch,

priv.

and

,
icf

merciless, ruthless, cruel

to pity,

Vid.

t.

628.

also,^r?,

,
,,
,
,
,
,
,
,
ILIAD v.

and

,,

to

who gasp

aor. 1.

1.

f.

to

hurC^ to offend; from

,,

mine,

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
to

destine;

-,,

s,

i^ 7),

1.

f.

,
and

a, o, a lot

made

,
,,

*^

Att.

injury,

which

is

from

It also signifies,

an

in-

316

to choose

,
,

made of brass

brazen, fastened with brass,

,
,

wisely,

322"
dialect

,,

removes d from 325

the air,

to raise, to lift.

and

,
to

card or comb wool

many
or as

and 327

colours

if

very.

331
a clasp or button of a greave ; from
as the sides of the greaves were generally closed

ov,

, TO, the ankle

from

various, variegated, distinguished by

mid.

300
309

1.

y'j,

, ov,

perf.

to deter-

by lot.
dog's skin, of which helmets used to be

,,

from

299

to call.

f.

^,

or from

to injure,

to^nish,

and
toft.
a, 0, a house: from
to build.
Dor. for
Gen. The Doric
the oblique cases of barylons in
and
odoc, 6 ^
swift ; from

^,

, ,,,

from

,, ,

s, 6, brass,

, ,

293

loss.

kv Ke<pa\y, in the head.

from

properly,
7),
hence, a helmet.

from

if

Att. for

for breath in their struggle

flowing with a rapid course, as { ar^poppog 313

backward.
or floicing back ; from
to mea- 315
to measure out ; from ^ta and

Hence

498.

as

for

sure.

heritance, 0.

destined by Jute

by Sync,

quickly,

the brain

oi>,

a boundary, a limit.

from

to tremble, to palpitate

pant,

properly applied to those

with death.

139

about the ankles with clasps or buttons, which were sometimes of solid
gold or silver.
But
a mallet or hammer.

, ,

, ,

v7a,
ypa, perf. mid. of
hence part,
f. 1.
being added
to put on ; tSvvev, 3 sing, imperf.
on account of the following vowel.
to load, to burthen.
a shield; from
f. 1.
to trample, as,
pa, pbv, dense, solid, strong ; from
what is trampled on, is condensed.
'iTTTTHpic,
an epithet of a helmet adorned on the top with
a tail.
horses' hair, horse-haired ; from
6, and kpa,
s, a, the neck, properly of beasts of burthen ; the neck in
general; also, the crest of a helmet, which wa^ for the most part of
f.
1.
from
feathers, or the hair of horses' tails or manes
to strip off tha shin, because beasts of burthen are liable to be excoriated, pai'ticularly in the neck, by the yoke.
s, 6 icf y, or
ov, robust, strong ; from
for

,
',, ,
,
,

', ,

,
, ,

>

,,

,,

335

337

332

338

V> strength.

and by contract, tj/r?/, ar?n5, as the shield, helmet, and

those which cover arid defend any part of the body ;
ra

because they cover the body that

is

within.

339

,
,,

;;

,
,,
,,,

KEY TO HOMER.

140

340

on each side, for

one of two, each.
This Adv. takes after
they stood ; Ion. for

from

a Gen.
344
3 du. aor. 2. ind. of ?;//.
346
a long speur ; as '\{
going
to go ; or dta
far ; from
because a tree is
okuJ
nourished and luxuriates in the shade or rather, casting a long shadow.
347
on every side, in every direction ; from

,
",
.^,
,

348

351
352

353

broke thi'ough

3 sing. aor. 1. oi
bent aside; 3 sing. aor.

,.
.^,
,
^^ ,
,
,,,
,, ,
,
,
it

it

u'rts

^. of

"\va. Poet.

snbdue

ot//e, late,

it

,,
/..

horn

1.

pass, of

imperat. poet, for

late, to be

or

1.

ava'^.

2 sing. aor.

born hereafter, posterity

ava-

from

and

perf. mid. of
vid. a. 325.
'Eppiyyai may also be
considered as 3 sing. subj. pres. of the verb Ippiyio, formed from the
perf. mid. of

'.

354

and

receive.

kj //,

It is

the accent

s,

,,,
-

rnanifesting hospitality, enter-

from
poet, for
a guest, and
to be observed that in compounds of

taining a guest

to

and many others, when action is signified,

on the penultimate when passion, it is on the ante-

is

penultimate
as,
one wlio shows hospitality a host ;
one to whom hospitality is shown, a guest.
Vid. p. 5.
355
Saa, bv, brandishing up and down, poet, for
from
and
to shake, to brandish ; with a reduplication in the aor. 2.
357
or
robust and strong, powerful ; from
s, 6 ^
to render robust, to be robust.
Also, impetuous, rapid; from
a shower, as in . 453,
an impetuous torrent.
In both significations Eustathius deduces it from the particle
by
Pleonasm, and it is interpreted both in a fovourable and unfavourable
sense
hence, . 403,
planning violent deeds
, i^
and ib. 747,
born of a powerful father.
Vid.
,

,
,
,

6,

,
,
, ,

6,
6]
,,
, .
,

4.

358

very skilfully made, very curiously wrought

learned, skilled,
for iVa^aXfoc,

s,

and

from

,,

,, .. ,

skilfully
to

teach.

and artfully made

Hence
f.

1.

to

which comes from

to

know,

to learn,

Duedalus, the famous Cretan artist.

109.
strengthen, to fix, to lean on ; vid.
?',

which

3 sing, pluperf. pass, for

is

an Attic

re-

duplication for

359

, ,.,
, ,
Adv.

times, entirely

opposite,

from

Hapai, by Ectasis

tiie

r),

f.

1.

the opposite quarter, openly

some-

Prep.

for

that part of the body xchich

small guts, the flank

which comes from

from

from
to

empty,

to collect, to

lies

between the ribs and

pa, pbv, empty, void, soft;

to destroy.

bind together,

to reap, to

mow j hence

ILIAD '.

^, .

,
,
,
, ,

,,,

ing, a harvest

and

together.

3 sing. aor.

for

,
,
,,
,
,
which

flee,

same

mid. of

1.

as

s,

to avoid, to

, ^,
,

by Epenthesis of v.
with the accent on the penultimate,

is for

8,

a helmet

Ur

Hence also,
s, 6, a reapa reaping-hook, a scythe. Th. (,

also, to cut through.

but

the cone or crest of

with the accent on the

last

from

-,

360
362

syllable, white, shining, splendid.

to

break through,

down

which

part. aor. 2. pass,

,,
,,,

1.

f.

363

break in pieces, to shiver into fragments, to icear

to break, f. 1.
from dia and
fut. 2.

is

to

.-,

and

which change the tenuis

TT into its aspirate
but to prevent the harshness of two aspirates occurring together,
also changes its initial aspirate into r.
kpa, epov, more pernicious, more destructive ; Compar. 365
as

of

^,

obv.

,,, '
03,
^, , , ,

3 sing. aor. 2. pass,

thus also, ta'Ca, for

/^,

aor.

Att.

act. of the

aor. 1. pass, of

, ,
,,
^, , ,
6

vid.

to

or from

break; 367

. 270.

,, ,
',
,

from a priv. and

thick ivith horse-hair ; from
close, rough, hairy: hence

368

146.

vain, useless, unavailing, inefficacious

icf

Adv. in vain, rashly

and by Sync,

or

whence

same verb,

from

the icind,

,,,

,,

true.

,, , , , ,
,

,
,
,
,
,
,
.
'
,
,
,
&, , , )
thick,

",

covered with brushwood.

1.

f.

to strangle

hence ayiCTyp,

and 369

a place

a rope

and 371

a strangler.

s, o,

b <} , much worked loitk a needle, highly ornamented,

from rroXv, and
bv, embroidered ivith a needle;
to puncture, to prick :
which comes from
an
embroidered band or strap.

embroidered

', ,

the touch

bv, tender, soft

from

b,

s,

536,

for

helmet with three cones

being substituted for

as

if

yielding to

to hold.

Vid.
from

. 758.
and

t.

- ^,., ,
, ,
,
,,
,, , ,
,
and

the

poet,

augment being omitted, and 375

the accent thrown back, .Eol. (as

same

may

be consi-

an obsolete verb of

aor. 2. oi
; from
dense is heavy, and remains as

thick, dense, close

tofx

as

what

is

376

it

fixed in its place.

Ion. for

from

it

signification as

same
vere

Or

from

dered as part of aor. 2. mid.

the

part,

for

perf. pass. ind.

perf. pass, of

372

to extend, perf.

pluperf. pass, of

,,

a cone

id.

512.
from
a.

a fastening, a clasp

for

pass,

Ion. for

vid.

f.

vb, ,

1.

,,

<{

to

bv, empty.

whirl

from

to

turn

like

378

also, to be

379

a whirlpool

eddy, a whirlpool.

to desire eagerly, to be

borne with impetuosity

,
^
,
,
,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

142

}], ,'

angry, to be enragdil, to groan,

vid.
58. Th.
103.

. 491, hence, aor.

) , same as
from tv, uell, and

382

,,
^, ,

smeUing ;
comes from

,
,,

f.

1.

to

',

or

odour

which

emit a smell.

properly, from

down, to sleep, for it

to burn and
or from
;
nectaremi, fragrant Vike nectar

sweel-

fragrayrt,

or

sweet-scented, perfumed, odorous

burnt perfumes ; from

epithet of a bed-chamber

385

1.

to lie

is

properly an
to smell.

from

nectar, the drink of the gods.

(,

^,

bv, beautiful for dress, ivorthy of being worn,

ivthin and fine from toj, to put on. Frequently
:

masculine and neuter of this adjective are used substantively,

is understood
according as
or
or
it then
denotes a troma?i's thin or fine robe.
is used as an
In . 612,
epithet of tin, where it signifies, /si^/e, malleable, as if
from
is used Ion. and poet, for
In
9,
tofiow.

the

,
.
,
5
,
;

,
,
,
, -, ,,

,,
-,
,,,
.

f.

to shake, to agitate, to

1.

386

id.

Ion.

which comes from

to corrupt,

one spoiled by time

TO

388

s,

",
and

Ion. for

392
394

f.

,,

carding or dressing
attend to.

Ion. 3 sing, imperf. of

,,

id. or Sia

%oool

from

3 sing, imperf. of

which comes from

eipiojf, i,

to prepare,

to exercise,

to love.

bv, turned, round, turned in a lathe

revolve, to turn,

from

to take care of, to

t)

by Sync, from

or

work, to handle carefully.

391

to be born.

, ,
,
,,,
,, ,
,
,
,. ,

wool,

to spoil

one ivrinkled by old age.

ancient, old, born long since; from
^

formerly, and

387

brandish.

an old woman, a matron

irom

to

to

to shine, to sparkle.

1.

band of dancers, a dance,

In tragedies, comedies, and satires, those were particularly
the chorus, who danced and sung between the aqts.
called
to rejoice ; or from
from
The word may be derived, as if
s, b, properly, a place for dancing, a

a choir.

r),joy.

, -,

vid.
751.
desirable ; same as
an inany way, in any manner, somehow:
terrogative, where ? whither ? in ivhat manner ?
farther, more distant ; from
402
Adv. i/iere ; from
to itndergo toil or misery, to lament, to groan;
.
408
and
is formed by Parar), toil, misery, . 285
from
from
goge from oi, an exclamation of grief, as
reprehensible, deserving reproach; from
410

397
400

an

enclitic, in

,,

^.

,,. ,

l>(b,

poet.

411

to

his couch,"

comes from

adorn,

Ion. for

to

prepare;

part. fut.

1.

/] -

,,

from

"

to dress

which

,.

-,

or

143

to blame, to

make a jest of; from

,, ,
, ,
MtOtiu), aor. 2. subj. poet, for

resolved into

from

which,

so as;

much

so

as.

tvith

hatred

which comes from

and
to frame,

duce, to effect

the circumflexed vowel

,^^,
,

415

from

deliberation, counsel.

, , , ,
,^, ,

alas

ov, 6, misery, toil; also, destruction, wretched fate

'Apyijg,

iij

ivhite

//,

ot,

417

from

6v,

, ,
,
,,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
ov,

lij

having a lofty roof,

and

,,

loft y -roofed

, the

inconsiderate

1.

Venus

to smile.

554 ; or from a, intens.

mucli and foolishly.

Some

the

for

please.

",
,,

whither Paris

r/,

same

',
^,

from

as used

as

from

id.

,,, ,,,,
Nt/Ci/,

to look

icithfied eyes,

or as if

tarch, as if

to conceal

victory

r),

i.

436

talks

2. subj. pass.

441

by transposition
from

to

^,

e. ivi

3. pi. imperf.

as

if

i.

e.

yielding to one

or,

not yielding.

and

)'

446
448

to

450

to perforate, fut. 1.

io spy out ; from

which is formed by Sync, from
where a is either
or intens.

},

from

to love, to desire.

look, to observe,

behold,

4'2o

Cranat, an island near the promontoiy of Sunium, 445

in his flight with Helen.

went

ov, perforated

or

1 pi. aor.

consider

same as

first

vxpoc,

^,
^

caMed

comes from a, priv. and

and
to speak, as one who

Ion. and poet, for

turn.

is

wliich

vid. a.

to

817, 419

4"24
Vid.
262.
being double on account of the metre,

inconsiderately , injudiciously , ignorantly

of

from

here, a seat.

.
; from
" queen of smiles."

Kj j),

to cover.

smile-loving

In

id.

by

for

TO, height,

to

from

416

i],

apykn occurs

,,

here, to excite, to pro-

fut. 1. for

412
414

ind. from

aor, 1.

hatred.

to devise

is

changed into

for the sake of the metre, is

pursue

to

id.

.-

ILIAD '.

to see, to view^

453

coming to one : 457

according to Plu-

KEY TO HOMER.

144

ILIAD

'.

,
.
,
.
,
, ,

3 sing, imperf. act.

sumed Att.) contracted

^',

for

for

Ion. and poet, for

for

pluperf. pass, of

some explain

fiom

by reduplication for
tance ; which comes from
oblique cases, as

if

to

keep

pi.

craftily

p/ace

repulse, to help, to bear assis-

strength: this

Nom. were

takes place by the ^iiolic dialect

and

strength,

, ,,
" -,

off, to
ij,

the

generally interpreted, a powerful amiliary,

,, , , ,

idogj

an epithet of IMinerva

its

being as-

(the

598.

Adv. comparatively ; also, dissemhlingly

manner: from

in an irrituting

it,

next, to compare.

^,,

',

\'id. a.

noun also forms

which chiefly

for the jEolians were accustomed

form from nouns of the first declension oblique cases in the third.
But to preserve the analogy between
it is better,
with Strabo, to give INIinerva the epithet
from Alalcomene, a town in Boeotia, where she was particularly worshipped.
Syne, and JEol. for
3 sing. perf.
11
ind of
to approacli near to, to accompany, to sit near, to
attend with care ; from
and
to go, to hasten, to approach
is formed from
by Sync, of o, inserting
for the
sake of euphony, and changing
into
:

to

6\,
,
, ,,
,

15

,,

fght, buttle, contention, strife, sedition, contest;

as if
because the Deity punishes men by war from
revenge with which a superior
a tribe, and
388.
being pursues any one, respect, veneration,
which comes from

,,

,,

' , '
, ,
\,
,

for it is

deep disgust

;*'

1.

or as

it

nations

to utter

come

together.

if

shout of battle

a groan of indignation, "

pi. aor. 1. ind.

to

But
same thing

groan ivith indignant derision, implying the

but with the additional notion of derision from
through the nostrils icitli compressed lips.

,
, ,

being changed into

the

for it is applied to the military

because in
f.

the clamour of tribes,

or, lastly, as if

20

low-murmur
f.

1.

as

to utter

a sound

,
,",
murmur

to

, ,,

ILIAD '.
to

angry ;
from
6 i^
a lion's whelp ; a whelp of any kind,
tov, fierce. Vid. y. 24.
be indignant, to be

or yell like a dog

a, 6,

", ,,

lov, or

vain, fruitless

145

,,

s, 6

t^j

but

render fruitless all

to

26

also signifies,

it

properly, 23
or from

a d-og
319.

i),

538

vid. a.

^eivat

as here,

id.

my

a vain word or speech : a signifi; so also in . 715,

cation deduced either from the idea, existing before navigation, that the
sea was useless and barren ; or from the circumstance of the water of

pains

the sea being useless for drink.

6, labour, care, business,

a,

mind, pain

sometimes,

battle, fight ;

,
,
,

toil,

from

-,

painful labour, anxiety of

to act with zeal,

",-/,

to labour.

irapa
for we labour 27
8, b, labour, toil, fatigue
about great things ; or
k^v
because
painful labour does not permit the mind to enjoy pleasure.
Adv. studiously, sedulously, carefully, incessantly ; from 32
:

and

a. intens.

to urge,

to

compel one

to

hasten

also,

he

angry.

2 sing.

perf.

mid. optat. or pres. optat. act. of

by an Attic reduplication, from

/3,

to cure, to heal, to

remedy,

In

aor. 1. optat. mid.

,,

thesis of

)&,

35

2 sing.

',

eat, to devour.

mend

to

oecnrs for

29,

t.

by Epen-

", where.

,,
to

consume, to delay,

to

to

rub, to wear away.

starry

from

,',
,

impede,

to check, to

oppose

41
from 42

a star. Vid.

) },
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
,,
.
,
,
,
,
",
.
,^, , ,^^,
^, ,, ,, ,
,
,
,,
}\,

75.

s, 6,

the spear, skilled i the ashen spear, warlike, brave

543
and

Gen.

for

poet,

ov, in

sing, the

,
,

well exercised in

Compar.

or

Superl.

or

Gen.

JEjo\. for
f.

thence

",

from

older

oldest

fem. of

pi.

envy, to grudge

to

1.

also, venerable

man; which

b,

from

ov, b, envy.

whence.

and

from

47

vid.
from
being doubled

being changed into

by Crasis for
Ion.
a libation ; from
to pour, to drop.
perf. mid.
aor. 2.
to obtain by lot.
dearest, most beloved: from
Sync, for

), , ,

44

or

b,

49
51

54
55
58
59

an old

because he has passed

the age of youth.

to yield, to give

poet, for

indulge, to pardon:

,,,, ,

from

b,

way

to,

to concede,

to

62

1 pi. fut. I.

Kf /,

illustrious,

famous, glorious, exulting

glory.

a star

from a, intens, and

^,

to stand,

66

because 75

14

.
,

KEY TO

differs from
as the former is a single
a constellation composed of many stars.
'Savrtjg, 8, , a sailor ; from
76
a ship.
bg,
fjpog, 6, a spark, a scintillation ; from
77
and
or as if
something hot shot forth.
tliey are fixed

star, the latter is

79

or

2, ^,
''

leap, to spring yith force

to

, ,,
,
,
'^ , ,

foi^ard,

Wope,

dov;n;

to leap

for

to leap

3 sing.

aor. 2.

ind.

84

s, 6,

to cut,

governess.

88

,
,
-,
,
,
,
,,
iv

it

90

which comes from

100

who

for he,

Gen.

plur.

^ol.

of

send against,

to

any thing

,
,
,, ,

to shoot

kj r),

, ,

;
^'"'

glorious

-.

and

from

with an arrow

from

also, to strip, to

,,

draw

1.

f.

to

off,

,,

to make a prey,
draw forth: from

a prey.

,
,

n, 6

to leap.

as

salacious

Ilpo^ojci), ijg,

a snare

from

from

the loins,

commii

and

'-

as if from

mid.

from

,,

189;

108

to

fut. 1.

if

Hence

Lycian. This epithet of yV polio is promorning light, which precedes the sun,

and

rapine

an

the

,
,",, , -,, ,,,,',

,', , ,
and

S, 6,

279.

via. a.

184.

bably derived from

107

divided as

s, 6, shield-hearing

, first of all;

1.

f.

s,

106

is

,
(,

hurl against.

pbv, id.

105

from

arrow, a javelin.

101

trace

ticice

investigates

382.

/3.

to

from

this

Ion. for iirnrpoiXvai, aor. 2. infin. of

to

97

and

id.

were by two opinions.

from

94

Att. and Ion. to seek,

for

id.

, ,
,
, ,^
.

a steward, a distribntar, a dispenser, an

to distribute ; because he distributes
to him.
Hence, . 381,
a lumsehohVs

Ion.

from
the things committed
arbiter

also fut. 1. act.

part. aor. 1.

,
,
,

an ambush, a place adapted for lying

>),

to look out, to be

supine; from
because things that are supine are

seen.

in wait

on the watch,
e.

also,

to observe.

or, as if

i.

Vid.

from
be easily

may

s,
//, sixteen palms in length, i. e. about two
and
the palm of the hand,
and a half ; from
denoting also a measuie equal to the breadth of the palm.
perf. niiili-^r
"Hpapf, Att. and poet, by transposition for
110

109

ft

,,

rather from aor. 2.

Tf/CTwv, ovog,

111

6,

an

of

artist,

Xdijvag,

plane

part. aor. 1,

"'

to fit, to adapt.

a wM'kman

to smooth, to polish, to

,
'

from
from XtToc,

vid. a. 4.

a,

ov, smooth;

',
,,
, ,,
,
^,
/;,

'UNIVEF,^ITY
OIB*

'',

poet. Sync, for

J^^SMUftt^ ti

,,

&ene^ffi(i^:
^

part.

^""s^^j^^^^^^

A..W*:

a cup, because it il6

a covering, a lid ; from
to drink.
properly denotes, the lid of a cup, which comes from
not yet shot, " unHown ;" consequently, new, 117
)

But
1,

a,

Th.

540.

,
, not

and

a, priv.

,,,

sad, severe, difficult, cruel, morose

oiarbv, the bitter arrow

shed bitter tears: as if

as here,

and Od.

118

152,

), ,
those

d.

from

whose sap is bitter, iience

made unhappy marriages, Od. a. 266. 'In

the pine-tree,

bitter.

distance, in

to throic, to cast.

Metaph.

pa, pbv, bitter,

wounded from a

yet struck or

>;,

who have

8,

, ov,

id. in 1. 151,
,
c, ), a nerve, a string; from
to assent by a nod, because the nerves are thi

which comes from

instruments of voluntary motion, inclination, &c. IMetaph. strength,

also denotes the nerve or thong with which the
To
power.
head of the arrow was bound, that the point might be the more urmly
particularly denotes the nerve or
attached to the shaft ;
thong with which the bow was bent.
y, a notch, the groove of the arrow in which the 122

,
,
,
, ,, , ,
,
,
,, ,
',
,

^,

bow was

string of the

inserted.

.:

,^^

1j

::

.u

,.

ox-hiae{'

-^

'

Irom

j3h^.

'

Also in

made of an

belonging to an or,

397,

id.

. , the pap of the breast ; from

to squeeze out : or 123
to suck.
Hence
or
because they cut
from
from a,
off one breast that they might fight with less incumbrance

',. ,

,
,

other

verb

to hiss,

is

iron, by Meton. a sword, or any

here used for the point of an arrow ; from
as heated iron does when it is dipped in water ; which

ov,

or

weapon made

of iron

formed by onomatopoeia.

,
',
^^,
,
yia, ,

ral,

and

priv.

i^

rounded, round, circular, stuaoth

to bore, to turn.

,
,,

from

.'-)

a, b,

a.

from

in gene-

circle,

728.

a, ov, gregarious,

and/SaXXw. 126

the skin, from

,
,,
,, ,
",
,
,, ,
f.

human

551,

flesh

to direct

1.

128

id, which from 130

sometimes the surface in which colour lies:

b, properly,

particularly, the

124

and

huntress of the spoil," an epithet of Minerva ;

drti'e, and
Hence also
)), prey, booty, spoil.
*

),

colour, Ion.

in

;'"!

, sliarp, or shot rapidly

,,
,

,, ,
,,

i\

made round by turning

properly,

,,

,,' ,
,

or skin.

from

, straight,

direct.

But 132

be borne on lieadlong, to rush on.

b,

;
from
3 sing, imperf. of

a belt

to gird.

vid.
595.
133
same as
3 sing, pluperf. pass, of
perf. 135
518.
and with an Att. reduplication,
pass,
an iron plate, a coat of mail, a broad mili~ 137
). Ion.
tary girdle, within which there was a plate of iron to render it less
interposed,

,, ,' .

KEY TG HOMER.

148
penetrable to weapons

", , ,

it is

Some deduce

u thread.

the

derived as

word

if

it

,,
.,
-, ,
,
. ,, ,
,
,
,
*,

defence,

protect.

and

6,

, ,

from

were r)
guard ; from

as if

to

a point.

139

here, to graze

140

to

f.

on, to inscribe, to icound slightly, as

to write.

u rite

from

'^,

a wound

defend, to

,,,

a javelin, an arroiv ; from

from

to

wound;

sam.e as

and
141

,
,

^,

6, properly, an elephant ; but here, ivory, the whole

for a part (as
for an ox hide ;
for the face:)
as if
from
a marsh, waa
to go: as this animal much frequents marshy tracts, and keeps near rivers or from

^,

,
,
,, , ,
,.
,,
,
,
,
, , ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
"
,
,,
,
,
,
,',
'
,

',

to injure

or from

to

turn, as

has a proboscis which it winds and rolls about

or, when denoting ivory, it
may be derived from
the splendour of noonday, and
:

roll, to

it

',

shine.

b,

the purple dye

Mtan^w,

142

purple

who

or from

s, b, blood.

^,

to stain, to tinge, to dye, to pollute:

^,

\d.Myov.

7),a Maconiayiwomaii.

woman.

discovered

first

aor. 1. ind.

Kaeipa,

a Carian

a, b

, pertaining

i^

to the cheek }

or

a,

ornament for the cheeks of a horse, as here from

a cheek, a jaw. In
159, we find
having the same
:

, an

signifi-

cation as

143

3 pi. aor. 1. mid. of

to

pray,

to wish.

Vid. a.

35.

145

iipoc,

a rower

146

from

a horseman, a

Boeot. for

by Sync. 3 du.

19

charioteer,

a. 154.

vid.

for

or for

147

a driver, in general

b,

aor.

3 pi. aor. 1. pass.

well formed, shapely, robust

from tv and

to he well.

151

a, b, a tumour, a swelling; also, the extreme point of a

weapon, the barb of an arrow, as here ; from
to project.

also denotes, greatness, dignity,

157

f.

in contempt

to

1.

to

walk about

Metaph.

ov, b, a trodden path

and er from the path.

" they shall pay penalty ," 3

166

3 sing. perf. mid. subj.

8,

aloft,

high-throned

a yoke, a pair of

167

from which

pi. aor. 1. ind. of

vid. a. 128.

164

hold

for

ic

,
,,

.^,

to

Hence

3 pi. aor. 1.

161

trample, to tread on, to walk

hence,

^
;

by reduplication

for

^, from -

supreme dispenser of human affairs, sitting

from v\pog, tog, rb, height, and
, re,

scales.

bv, black, dark, dreadful;

by Tmesis,

for

tps^ewoQ,

'

ILIAD

6,(', , ,

149

y,
earth.

Tiui^fthe

Erebu$f the louer regions.

'
^ , ,

you shall fulfil thefate of life, or ** shall

reach the close of life."
abounding in
In . 544,
wealth ; for
denotes, life, sustenance, every thing pertaining to

,,,
.,

life

from

6, life

but

much

y,

Kf

a term borrowed from those who

Strabo interprets

much

a bow, vid. a. 49.

lang-desired,

desired,

dry

as if

i.

e.

vid.

,
.

171

and who earnestly desire water.

thirst

much wasted by vars, from

Others explain the word historically, interpreting
ijijured,

70

it,

a.

'
:

454.

very thirsty, very

'

from diipa,
thirst, which, as if
comes from ts-rw
they say that Argolis had by nature a dry and sandy soil, and that, before the time of Hercules, it was
icithout water ; but that it
was aftei-wards watered by the streams and fountains that sprung forth
from Lerna, and hence called
Didymus gives the following
account Peloponnesus was for a long period without streams or fountains, until Xeptune discovered the springs to one of the daughters of
Danavis, with \vhom he was deeply enamoured
or the daughters of
"
Danaiis were the first Avho dug wells.
contr.
S,
a hone;
for the^ bones 174
are TO
the cause of firmness.
;

',
,.

,
,
,,

'

,
,
.,
,
,

killed

to make putrid, to rot; hence,

fetid
,
hence also
, the serpent which Apollo
because the clouds, which the sun dissipates, are, as it >vere,

matter, pus

1.

the putrefactions of the earth.

to be superior to other men, to boast insolently, to exult, 17t)

haughty, to be ferocious ; from
strong above measure, brave, haughty ; which comes from
and
to gape, to open, to yaitm ; fut.
3 sing. 162

to be

,
,
',
,
,, ,
aor. 2. optat.

Th.

to take, to contain.

render bold or confident, t cheer, to confirm, tb'in- 183

id.-. wbiclx comes from
con-

to

3',

spirit; from

fiden^e.

-.

"

2 sing, imperat. of 184

infect with fear," for

\id.

,,

'

..

190.

, , deadly

, -/
, ,
,
',
, , , , ,..,
,
^

fate

able

fatal ; from / /c//p, 185

also denotes, opportune, season-

or

sc. pfosi.

then derived from

it is

?,

3 sing. aor.

for

vid.

. 664.

/,

mented, embroidered

very various,

much

variegated, highly orna-

and

from

variegated.

a girdle, a zone
the same signification as

,,

from

from

tTTi

and

1.

to

fut. 1. for tTTi/iaaera*.

186

ov, various, painted,

Eustathius gives

Att. Vocat. for

f.

a seasonable moment, time.

2. pass, of

to

it

187

gird.

189

handley to touch, carefully , to probe ; 190

seek earnestly, to desire;
3 sing,
to

-i.

o2

,,

150
191

,
, ', ,

tion,

ca,rejully

if

if

eyes in every direction

204

",

hence

, ,)
for

^, %

if

vid. a. 10.

It

from

,', -,,,.
,

f.

is

Att.

52.

and Ion.

vid.

for

54.

to

suck out

/,

rivi, entertaining friendship

y),joy, rejoicing,

from

to rejoice.

1.

from

to be

intens.

downcast

from

to delight,

for one.
combat

spirit eager for

also, battle,

sbtmber,
heavy after meals, so as to sleep ;
heavy,) and
(which comes from
to be overwhelmed with fear ; from

'.
-,

fear, to be timid, to fly.

^

Hence

ie^ ia

^-<i'

>

to

blow
8,

forth breath quickly and with

vid.

horn

is

for

\'id. a. 168.
labour, fatigue ; from
vid.
196.
3 sing, imperf. of
impetuous; from the masculine
s, , e. 30,

^,.

id.

^.79.

/^

a helper,

being changed

,,

snoH
which

iioise, io

poet, for

2', ,

a. 77,)

which comes

1.

tcith

to send

from

from

20.

lov, mild, gentle, kind, clement, indulgent, obsequious;

f.

to be

235

1.

1.372,

234

aor. 2.

the spirit being changed ^^ol. and Ion.

f.

to doze:

231

augm.

from

tofolloxo, to adhere to; or, as if

conflict

230

pass,

^
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.,

,
, , ,
,,
,,,
or

vid.

to please,

227

497,

,,,

of the temp.

vid.

vvhich

3 pi. pluperf. pass, of

"Aytv, for
from

", ,

224

the

io strain

hence part,

for

from

223

1.

sing, pres. indie,

might be from

by an Ionic removal
which is by Sync, for

Batf, for ttav,

from

219
222

aor. 1. kiraiTTyva, in

for

214
218

in the latter, as i#

'
'
.
,
,
,
,
^,
'
,
,
, -'

(as

211

,,

Trairryvag, looking every where around him.

for
by Sync, for
Ion. 2.

from opcoj,

209

in the former accepta-

beaiing remedy

producing pain. Hence

f. 1.
to steep in ;
administer a drug either in a good or bad sense.
f. 1.
to look around, to seek on all sid^s, to ey

as

rb, a medicine, a dnig, jwison

derived as

it is

properly, to

200

KEY TO HOMER.

assistaiit,

auxiliary

-,

in

from
408,

1,

(vid.

ussistajtce,

help,

237

a vulture

has a curved and hooked

?;,

because

it

bill.

a shooter of arrows, " arrow-doom'd," as if

inflicting death Avith arrows ; or,
an
destined to meet death by arrows ; from
TC
arrow, and
being changed into
a, b,fate,
to venerate, to adore, to icorship, to biusli ; from
Hence
indecl. reverence, veneration , shame.
'^' for
243
ichy then,? wherefore! whyl
poet, for
;
;
f. 1.
to bury ; also, to iconder, to be astonished, to he-

242

, ^

~,

^.

'

,, ,
^,

ILIAD '.

151

amazement, in which signification the aor. 2. Ira^ov, is

. 193, " Achilles from his
d'
seat started astonished :" and the perf. mid.
part,

stupified Kith

used;

,,

is

'

as here,

')

thus aghast

formed

It is derived

,
,

from

.,

" wherefore stand

to place, to settle

',
,
,
,

(as from

buried occupy an everlasting abode.

not yet able to walk ; or from
8, , a fawn ; as if
the particle
and
r),food, abstaining from food; or as if
for the

1^,

lately co?ning to feed.

r]Q, t). 248

having a beautiful poop ; from
, a close body or rank ; properly, a body offifty horse- 251
men drawn up in a quadrangular form. ; or body consisting of foHyfour soldiers : from
ov, ichole, sound ; also, tender, soft,
curled: (but the substantive
, , the ensign of a band of soldiers:) or from
Four deand
to be collected together.
nominations of military bodies occur in the Iliad
in this passage ;
525 ; -rrvpydg, . 334 ; for which
558 ;
refer to their proper places.
to 253
6 )
a boar, a sow ;
or

n,

r),

icf

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
,
,
,
,,,
,
,
,
,
,
',,,
,,
,
,
,
,
'
,
,

rush with impetuosity.

extreme, last, remote

from

svoq, 6,

254

the bottom, the lowest part.

id.

which

jcith

ia, lov, soothing, flattering, courteous

from
words. Th.
is

to

sweeten with honey

from
, 256
Metath, tfhsooth

honey.

':

another, different

from

, 258

and

other, another.

y, old, belonging to the old, given to the old as a

an old man.

<

mark of honour ; from

3

-,

pi. aor. 2. subj.

mid.

or

to divide

for it

to

But

Adv. by measure, by turn.

from

259

belongs to the

office of the

cook

260

mii.

s, 6, a cook

26'Z

to divide

the meat into portions, and to distribute them to those sitting at table.

,,,
Hence

f.

Hence

274

to view, to watch.
watchpost ; from
tumult, noise, clamour, splendour, smoke, blast ; from

275
276

,
,
,
,

,.';,-:. ,/

>,, ,

i\r.n

vvov, glad. Joyful g from

7]c, v,joy, v. 29.
were arming; 3 du. imperf. pass, of

to send.

Ion.

to divide.

vid.

/ vid.

. 1.

and

687,

. 47.

266
272

-/,

,
,
,
',

., .

vid. a. 255.

fi,

,,

277
a pine-tree,
278
a tempest, a stcrin attended with rain ; trapa
because it touches and whirls with violence ; or from
pitch; from

,,

lick.

a cave; for which poet.

Dat. sing,
*i 83, Dat. pi.
Od.t, 400>.>.i

^,

,,

,
,
^

Od.

154. Ion.
poet, Od, a, 15,
f.

279

,
,
,
,^
'
,
,
",
, , , ^^
", ,
, ,,, , , ,
, ,
,
,. ,, ,
,
,
',
,
,'^
,
,
,
,,

KEY TO HOMER.

152

281
282

same as

to move:
3 pi. imperf. pass. Ion.
properly spoken of the sea, to be rough; from
), the roughening of the sea, the roar of the waves ; a, gentle

1.

f.

rippling of the waves,

126:

hence

293

.;

fear.

by reduplication from

who

Eustathius,

for r

/,

hence

imperf.

Dat.

shut up,

",

300

pi. Ion. for

infin. pres.

), necessity

of

its

decress

as

or as

moveable substance.
302
Ion. and
noise, disturbance

,,
,and

/}/{/0,
307

. ,
",
Ion.

314

ground

s,

him

from

poet, for

'

alike on all:

others

,;

,, ,
,
;

similar, like

of

and

;
::?; ,\^
standing on the
'

compound

>,

him extend, 3 sing. aor. 1 imperii raad.:

by

they interpret

, 6.

from

^mr'ftOa:vpj!&'^.man^

But some grammarians compound

id.

tumult,

to break.

//^.

stretch, let

,,

from

, firm, stable as if iv ^,
, to, the ground hence

Kf

V. 141.

315

driving or riding

skill in

poet, for

let

of

to hold, to keep.

for

manly strength,

r),

and no

inevitable,

an im-

which comes from

is

it

if

move, to shake, to disturb

to

hk iriv

if

it

from avayKoloQ, aia, aiov, necessary ;

and this from
necessitif
governs
for it embraces and leads all things j

or

strength can resist

303

. 29^

vid.

ivom

to be.

,,

to rule, to govern, for necessity

:

>/

Ion. for

which comes from

all

from

fence, an enclosure, a bulwark

3 sing.

to confine.

'

or as

.^,;-;::3.'

>ct9!feeeordiii^-'<fe''

by iv

interprets

to receive in a short tinte, to find quickly

297
299

horror, terror,

,i

.i

'

continually,

from

,,
and

of

,'^/

ikvai, arid

coming

as if
a
do'iav, concerning which all have the
same opinion ; or, of
to bear, as if
equally
troublesome to all
in which sense
is used in this passage.

,
,
,
,
,,

it

324

339

,
,
,

vid.

,
as

vid.

a, bv, ardent, glowing,

burn.

to

f.

1.

partake

of,

,
:'

530.

,
to

lip

or handle a spear

a counsellor, a deliberator, one skilled.

153 also, a military phalanx containing 660
in a quadrangular form.
ov, adorned, provided; part. perf. pass,

8,

men drawn

342

to fight, to brandish
the point of a weapon.

or

, ,,

from

328
334

to think,

burning

from

f.

1. fcau-

here with a Gen. has the same signification

participate in : with a Dat. it signifies, to

to

meet, to oppose, to engage withj as in

114.

Sometimes

it

signifies.

to

'^^ 'Iliad '.

,
',
pray,

/3.

.,

beseech; from

to

i^^

which comes from

and

,
,
,
, ', ,
,
,
,
', , ,, ,

,, .
,, , , , ,,
same as

invited to

my

banquet.
1.

f.

to

which comes from

arm,

to

prepare

and

from

id.

343
344

arms, all nautical and

plur.

a,

denotes, ye are

military instrutnents.

"^,,

infin. of

^,

from

tov, roasted;

and by Sync,

Att.

to roast.

345

Dor. and poet, for

for

to eat.

and Dor.

(^

', honey, and

s, 6

sweet as hmiey

from 346

sweet.

light as the wind, futile, vain

as

355

from

f. 1.
to say, to speak ; a poetic verb formed by Sync, from
which comes from
t), clamour, shout.
Adv. greatly, above measure ; from
,6
359
very holy, sacred above all others, excelling ; from
and
sacred,
holy ; or, as if
one who can be easily heard from Trtpi-

,^, ,,
', ,

icf

to shout aloud.

,
,
,
,
,
,,
,
Adv. long;

counsel; from dijv.

to deliberate.

1.

f.

adapt

for

when we wish

manners

to his

for

Kj

1 pi. fut. 1.

Att. for

mid.

vain, void, passing as

,
, , ,
',
,,
,
,
,,
,
,
,

the

wind
and

,,

from

the

wind

or from

ov, glued together, well put together, well fastened

gkie together,

to

to join

Some

which

. 564.

derive this

breathe, to blow.

f.

', , ,

of an arrayed
:

Hence

to look

around

-,

a,

366

Gen. of 367

devaur

in

also, to

reduplication from the ob- 371

'
^,

1.

conducts to land.
357.
and 381
direful, unpropitious, unlucky ; from
to

i^ r),

y'tav

it

throw a bridge over,

o.

unpropitious tokens.

fate, lot;

and

to

glue.

a bridge, a path or ivalk leading through the ranks

vyps yrj, earth laid over
;
as if

named because
f.

hy

r),

to see.

army

or so

,,

deep,

1.

is for

Hence the patronymic

proper name from/caTrrw,

from

solete

from

Ion. for

vid.

water

363

the negative particle

to assist, to avail.

from

109.

time 361

to appease; from
to fit, to 362
any one, we accommodate ourselves

to please,

to please

for it requires

416.

\'id. a.

,6^

s, 6,

,,

383
from
;
a bulrush, a rope. This was
hence their statues were crowned with

V> having deep bulrushes

and sometimes

t),

a laudatory epithet of rivers

garlands of bulrushes and reeds.
an assistant, a helper, an auxiliary, affording 390
a, 6 Kj
(lid; also, useful; from
the noise of waves ; ailso, impetuosity,
to flow: so that
1.
deforce: which is from
aotes OQje who affords aid with great eagerness of spirit.

',

,,

,.

KEY TO HOMER.

154

,
,,

391

, .,
, -,

ILiVTpov, 8, TO, an incitement, a spur, a goad, a stimulant, a cenire]

to prick, to stimulate.
Hence
opoc, 6, aii inciter, a stimulator ;
spur-armed equestrians.
Eio, Ion, for

,
'',
from

400
402
406

from
;
having seven gates, seven-gated ; from tTrra,
seven, and
a gate.
as if
is said to be
derived from
to worship, to venerate ; and, because the poets
considered that there was something sacred attached to this number,
reproof, chiding

t),

i),

^),

compounded

the attributed epithets

of

as in this passage,

and in tj, 220,

shield of Ajax, &c.
407
'AyayovO', for ayayovre, part, of ijyayov,

409

, ,,
,

from
ducing great

s,

evil

speaking of the

for ijyov,

aor. 2. of

wickedness, imprudence,

madness, petulance
wicked, unjust, impious, pernicious, proSraXXeiv, denoting that from

Kj

vhich evil springs

banquet festivity.

forth

or from

Hence

the destruction of the

wickedly, to

'
,

to act foolishly or

",

those things which

^,
to

they esteemed deserving peculiar praise

conduct one' s-self perversely.

aor. 2. iraper. Ion. for tvOov, which is used Att. for
or 2 sing. aor. 2. indie, mid. for
which is Att. for
. 326, from
to place, to insert, to lay up, to conceive.
412
Tkrra, Adv. (a friendly epithet with which a young man addresses

410

,^, ,
, ',

my friend ! from
474.
71.
to lay waste, to burn; to slay,
by Sync,
to lay waste with fire and sword
from
to
mark

his senior, either as a

to

416

f.

for
'

420

Vid.

honour.

1.

or

burn; or from

t.

of respect or friendship,)

603,

,, ,

), a fight.

f. J.
to send forth a sound, to ring, to make a noise, as
things broken
a word formed by onomatopoeia frdm the sound which
a rod or whip makes when it is shaken.
421
6 kj
endued with a bold heart ; from

^, ,
:

and

id.v. 299.

424

,
,
,,

,
,
,,
,
,,

suffer, to endure,

,,

endurance

^'^Qy V> patience,

which comes from

>), the mind
:

vid.

1.

to

bear, to

^,

to be

armed,

to be

borne with force, to be raised, as here

ra
" at first, on the broad bosom of the deep their heads they curl on
:

high,&cc."

425

s, 6

or

a desert land

itf

, deserted,

uncultivated, waste

and often simply, land, groiind as if

because it affords an opportunity of being
:

culti-

vated by the hand.

a height, summit, promontory, extremity, boundary,
shore ; from
a, ov, highest, supreme, chief, extreme.
f. 1.
to raise, to elevate, to lift up, to erect, to fill up ;

,,

426

^, ,

from

vid. a.
f,

1.

499.
to cast or

throw back,

to scatter

far ; from

ILIAD '.

155

when it foams and scat697 the sea is said

showery spray.
and
r), the chaff in corn, smut, foam, the least particle of any thing,
ISwXenswg, Adv. continually, uninterruptedly; from
toe, 428
which comes from voj, priv. and
6 ^ , uninterrupted, indefatigable
to spit,

",

ters far the

,,
:

.
,
,
,
,
,
,, ,

//,

or as if

perf. pass.

one toho gives the sign of command," a leader,

431
to give a sign, to signify, to order : which comes

6,

chief; from

from

, , ,,

a sign, a signal.
rich, wealthy
icj

',

and

from

433

to possess, to feed.
a possession. Th.
AvXi),
), a court, a hall, a clear place, a stable ; also, a sheepfrom
cote or fold, since animals are housed in such places
to blow,
because such places are open and exposed to the air.
Sometimes

,
,
,, '
,,
,
,
,
,,
,
,
,
,
,
:

denotes, a royal residence, as

f. ]

are

milk

to

drawn together and

,

, .

247.

at the

same time

because the teats 434

hence the night is styled

173, (signifying an unseasonable or late time of the

night,) because cattle are generally milked at that time.

',

'

tlvai
milk ; as if
because milk is useful for nourishment, and it has a beautiful
appearance.
6
has three significations first, uttering a loud 435
a, 6, a sound, noise ; hence the Adv.
sound ; from a, intens. and
loudly, with great clamour, as here, and o. 658, (though some
second, hard and dry, from
interpret it in this passage, incessantly.)

], ,

i'l,

dryness

^v

and

third, incessant, o. 25, as if

not separated, having abundantly.

to

properly applied to goats,

bleat,

sheep, but used also in reference to sheep

and Dor.

parL

via,

into a.

,,

as

to

^;

mid.
whence
The Doric dialect changes

perf.

8, , a tumultuous shout, the din of persons engaged in tumult, 437

to bewail, to
clamour; also in general, voice, vociferation ; from
lamentation,
cry out with tumult : hence
721, and
to

lament.

,,

"log, la, lov, alone, sole, one:

',

to send, to

but

throw.

and

,,

voice

hence

,
,
,

b,

57],

daiirty tin: arrow ;

to speak,

to

frorn

sound.

yap
Etymologists derive this word
or so derived,
for speech becomes particularly the old
on account of the supposed loquacity of the old.
called from various parts ; from
ov, 6 )
and 43B
to call.
which comes from
Terror and Dismay are the 440
i^
ov, 6, terror ;

,,

,
'
,

6,

horses of iNIars, o. 119,

he ordered them to yoke Terror and Dismay his steeds

to fear.

from

,
5,

f.

1.

KEY TO HOMER.

156

,, ,
^,

to fear

8, bffear, dismay, flight

; from
perf. mid.
from those things which we fear.
^ >), insatiable; in general, what cannot be filled;
, , the linen which is laid over wounds:
jierpetually, v. 40, and
one who cannot be sa-

also, to fly, as

we

fly

from a, priv.
hence

and consequently, dissatisfied ; or rather

wound which no bandages will staunch.
{. 1.
tomakeflrm, to confirm, to flv, to place; from
the signification of which it retains, but implies it in a stronger

tiated icith cicatric bandages,

,7],

by a metaphor from a
443

sense

foot

for in a neuter signification

. 434,

as in the Od.

it

denotes,

to stand,

firmly on foot.

', ,

447

Kj

a skin, a hide

made

449

the navel in

draxo near:

to

from

,,

and

its

and

which by Sync, is for

is formed anomalously, as

as

, ,,
, ,,
to flow;

loithin

Ion.

the impetuous flow of its

,
,
,
it

make a

knock, to strike,

,
, ,
,

sound, roar, properly the noise which a body makes

falls to

,
,,

the ground: hence in

noise, to ring, to sound,

1. 504,
formed by onomatopoeia.

s,

,
,
;

b,

or

or, as if

,
,

darkness
ort

hence

rb

walks in the dark should look before him ; or

cause darkness frequently impedes our advancing.

462

to overturn, to lay prostrate

',

signification,

I fell, I slipped

pluperf. pass.

465

verb,

which

f.

1.

to

the forehead, front, that part of the face

h, to,

X. 95.

shade over

with noise ; or arch

from
id.
thefurroio which a torrent makes by
to
f. 1,
waters, a gully ; from

behind or between the eyes

461

6,

and fountains, a springing

because it flows down from

grave, to imprint, to mark, to write.

when

if

place in a valley lohere a meeting of waters

to mix, and
rb, a valley.

-,

from

to

,,

to

if

s, 6, a spring or source of rivers

Adv.

460

from

fountain ; from
the mountains

455

yell,

,
,,

493, in

, -,

lamentation ; from
a ivinter -torrent ;
138,
from
contracted form

takes place, a gulf;

454

,,

shield, a buckler,

an epithet of a shield

s, 6,

winter, storm,

453

Metaph. a

an animal.

imperf. pass, of

bring near,

450
452

also

of ox-hides

the nose.

r),

tv, bossed,

8,

hence
392, " shield-piercer," an epithet of Mars. But piv and

,
448

plant the
nor stand

,
,
,
,
,
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
'
.
, ,
6

as shields were usually

to

'^,

ar

,
,
aor. 2.

hence part,

15.

signifies, to wish, to desire

id.

to throw a
because he who
be-

ypnrov has a neuter

. 309, and '-

formed from

part. perf. pass, of

s,

a poetic

or rather part. perf. pass, of

.
,
,^,
,
of

^'-

1.

f.

to

,
,,
,

,,

from

70, a polished spear;

b,a

and, for the sake

/,

^,

same as

to pare, to

1.

and

|,

strike, to shake, to slay

}4,

from

brandish, to shake: or as

1.

f.

',

,,
,
,,

and

But
of a young man

, ,^ ,

dress

which

according to Eustathius, used as an epithet of an unmarried

venerable ;
for
Voc. the adf. 603.
Vid. d. 412
to his senior. Th.
repayment or requital for nourishment ; from

is,

girl.

from

is for

469

^.

f.

471
472

Soveo)

if

shake off with the hands.

to burn, because
H, 6, yoimg, unmari-ied ;
to rush imor from
the passions of the young glow fervently
being subscribed Att.
It is sometimes written yOeog, the
petuously.
to

4GP>

V> ov, polished.

xcolf.

f.

to agitate,

vc,

whence

157

bend, to incline, to stoop, to be prone:

part. aor. 1.

^scrape, to polish

9/(,

,
^^

\\7], perf. pass,

to ivh-h, perf.

Euphony,

ILIAD

',

474

4.1

1. ^p'sipoj, to nourish.

,
,
,,
, ,
,

soinetimes, the durasometimes, as the Latin " ievum," it

signifies, an age, the period of a life longer than ordinary : in the fe-'.
453.
minine gender,
life itself,
because it shoots aloft f 482
, 6, a poplar,
because it is easily broken, when struct by
or
rb
6, eternity

man, as here

tion of the life of

the winds.

,,

a moist spot covered with herbage, a meadow ; from 483

an herb, grass.
black, because the waters of a
a marsh ; from
the splendour of
marsh are muddy and dark or so named from
the sim, which never reaches it.

,
",

iirt,

,,
, ,,

-.

?/,

, -,
,,
,

smooth.
i^

a chariot, and

y),

a chariot-builder

iiOta Wpp.ct,

,,

to fabricate.

^, ,, ,
,
,
,
,,, ,

the rim of a wheel, in which the spokes are fixed;

wheel itself: from tw, to go, as if going in a circle.

r),

sometimes,

tlie

Bsfwv,

6, the

groin

fer

becomes

^.

/,

sit-'z/t.

Gen.

to xcalk,
it

and

assists in

intens. 6

hair,

to sheer.

',

500

oft^ejiea^^ihsfiedd;
"'

"

'

'

'V

'/

'
.

Ion. -oio, the temples of the head

because the pulse of the veins is there easily discerned.
' darkness veiled his eyes," or " the
s, 6,

^,

night of death hung on his eyes."

to sound, to make a noise
ticularly that

which

arises in battle

the chattering of teeth,

/c.

375

492

to '497

,.

the temples

486

walking.

aor. 2. Dor. or Ion. from

which, by Anadiplasis and change of

pi. fern, of

,,

Att.

from

from

retire, to retreat, fut. 2.

into K,

484
485

from apato, s,

it

b, noise, parti-

denotes the noise arising from

yiver

503
504

KEY TO HOMER.

15
" and scunded

'^ , , ,
,, ,' ,,,^.,, , ,
,
,
,
.
,
,
, 6,,
^,
,,
,
',
,
Homer

to

applies csnth', to a

arms

body

or

r)

ev
or

?)

ov,

splendid, illustrious

r),

/^

same as
which comes from

shining, splendid, jocund

and

507

from

pbv,

iv, v.

hence

686,

to glitter,

to shine.

1.

f.

to direct

the course

as

eia, v.

,
,,
,

straight, direct,

508

and

falling to the ground,

clamour in battle, as if
iv pit
noise on the mountains, which is re-echoed, as
ipav
noise on the earth, as if

denotes

if

505

Eus-

tJirough his lips the clash of chatt'ring teeth," &c.

denotes a sound not so harsh as

tathius remarks that

same

for

, ,

onward; from

3 sing, imperf. from the poetic

to
which is formed by a Pleonasm of ,
which comes from
woiinding the skin or body, fesh-cnttins ;
6 f^

order, to eihort, to encourage,

from

511

id.

513

^.

and

from

kog, 6

kj

, , the mind, and

soxd-devouring, heart-rending
to suffer

pain.

he 7wurishes, he seethes, 3 sing. ind. pres.

from

515

from

\.

for

.81.
Tritonian progeny, an epithet of Minerva from
head, and
for the poets feign that she sprung

vid.

, Boeot.

from the head of Jupiter or from

, ov, third, because she is
the same as Luna, who appears on the third day after conjunction with
the Sun
or because Minerva personifies Prudence, whose offices are
three
to deliberate well, to form a correct judgment, and to execute
:

,
,,

justly.

518

^ .,
touch.

,,,

horrible,

from

frightful, producing horrar,

direful^

cold,frost,a.?.iiKpvsg^f
327) rather signiBut
here (as also in
having long projections, rvgged, rough ; it must then be considered

dreadful; foT

,
,
,
,
',

fies,

as derived from

comes from
521

ov,
a large stone, which could fill the hand, or which
to
a hand, and
might be raised with one hand; from

same

as

a surmnit, a prominei2ce,

a, ov, highest, extreme.

,
", ,

a tendon, a nerve; from

to stretch,

which

because

their action consists in tension.

sons

it

Xanc

is

,
, ,
, (,

shameless, impudent, paying no respect to perkog,

ic)
attributed as an epithet even to inanimate things, as here,
shame, rethe merciless stone; from a, priv. and

), ,

lerr-rrc.

522

as far as, even to, thoroughly, entirely.

to bruise, io crusli, to
3 uvig. aor. 1. of
to grind
by Pleonasiri of for
sma^h ; from
and
sometimes, to break, to reduce to small particles ; from
Dor.)
an area
floor, where corn is threshed and ground.

or

'

,, ,

526

an

jntestiiie

so

named

,
,
, ,, ,,
.

ILIAD

,
,
,
,
,
,

because it receives the bile from the liver ; or

hoUoic.
or from
to breathe, for the lungs .5"2
the lungs; irom

Trt

from

150

to

6,

are the organs of respiration.

ic, i), near, approaching near;

it is frequently used
s,
352.
Substantive with the Frep.
as
Adv.
near, dose: from
to go, to come, anday^i, near.

as a

, -,

-,) ,

(by Sync,

,,

take, to receive.

,, ,
,

1.

f.

to agitate,

posture; from

as if

it

to

move, to shake,

to

remove

,
.
,

were properly,

to

,
,
^,

', , ',
perf. pass,

blame:

s,

and

vid.

'Avsao,

1.

pluperf.

to blame; from
to aid, to assist ; also, to
3 sing. aor. 1. optat. mid.
) ), unhurt, not wounded by arrows; from a, prio.

1,

f,

f.

Kj

117.

/, not

wounded

from a, priv. and

533

from a 535

move with the hand

3 sing. aor. 1. pass.

were stretched, 3 du. pluperf. pass, oi

perf.

531

yuJ,

a, ov, highest,
), *' hairy-scalped'' ; from
a lock of hair.
The Thracians \vere so called, beonly a lock of hair on the crown of the head.

s, 6

,,
wore

cause they

the belly

529

3 sing, imperf. loa. for

take;

to take aicay, to

yvvTO.

and

536
539
540

it

same manner as the verbs

and
the former, denoting one who has not been wounded
by weapons thrown from a distance ; the latter, one who has escaped
unhurt in close combat.
toound

and

/3
:

,,,

to icander about, to

differ in the

move about ;

tvhirlpool.

>},

pi. pluperf. pass, for

a-Eol. for civUo, id.

from

from

541

544


KEY TO HOMER.

160

ILIAD

,
,
,

In

a. 168.

it)

239,

of the sun.

,,

,,

8,

e,

E'.

?;,

manifest, conspicuous ; from

vnuearied, steady

,,
^

and

from a, priv. and

id. is used as an epithet

, ,
'

s, 6 kj ?'/, like, an Adj. which governs a Dat. and has

sometimes an Ace. of the thing, besides a Dat. of the person ; thus in
like to the gods in Ids voice .-'from
Od. a. 371, BtoXg

tv and

id.

autumnal; oTCoypivog
the autumnal star,
which appears at the end of summer from
tij iopq., because autumn
)), autumn, in
27,
and
succeeds summer or
(say the Etymol.)

,
,,

tv

TO

10
12

",

,
,,
,
,

wash.

to

from
3 du. imperf. poet, for
has sometimes the same signification as
to rush,
to he borne with impetuosity ; also, to go forward, to advance, to proimpetuosity , force :
du. aor. 1.
ceed ; from

,
,, ,

16

,,

r),

19

the point of a weapon;

a dart, a javelin.

,
^,^,

from

20

f.

1.

to

,,

., ,
313

ay

of

f.

1.

mid.

lying between the paps

7),

which comes from

-^,
;

aor. 2. infin.

, night, darkness

,'entirely,
to

sadden, to

from

from

to

or

,,
rush

vid. . 10.

^,

,,
.

afflict,

id.

to go around, to defend, to protect,

from the indie,
as if from

659, death.

thoroughly completely
part, of
,

r),

break forth, to leap doicn

on, to advance impetuously

p.

from

6,

is, 6 /^

the pap.

23
24

. ,

. 458.

same as
washed, bathed, part. perf. pass, of

to shine hrilliantlii ,

pass.

21

3-

the beautiful appearance of the earth covered with fruits and

flowers.

,,

'

,
is

bv,

the dog-star,

i. e.

to ajfect

A"id. a. 47.

poet, for

for

;,

from

^.

perf. pass,

with sorrow, formed from

,,

ILIAD '.

,,
,
.
,

161

by an Att. reduplication. But

the antepenult, part. pres. of
id. Od.
Ion. and poet,
grief, sadness:

,
3

by reduplication from

pi. pluperf. pass,

with the accent on

62. Th.

t.

tog,

In.

364,

,
,
,
.,
,

,
,",
to he

sad or sorroivful.

BporoXoiybg, 5,6

8,

^,

s, 6

, ^,

slaughter,

s, 6, wall -shaking,

iog, TO,

a wall, and

wound

or as

,,

homicide ; from
an epithet of Mars.
gore-tainted ; from

i^ r),

6, destruction

or

for

mortal,

to defile,

town-battering

and 31

and

from

Att. to strike, to shahe, to

approaching walls to
draw near, to apjyroach, whence
one who approaches, and by Sync,
and
" deep-embanked ;" by Sync, for
from 36
:

if

batter them, from

to

,,,,,,

,
,,

,
-, , ,
,
, , ,
' ,
y, a bank, a shore.

here, to put to flight

3 pi. aor. 1.
Dat. sing. part. aor. 1. pass, of
to turn, to bend,
or
for
&c. Adv. in the midst of, between ; from
ov, mid, middle.
to slay, to destroy, to strip the spoils; from
to take,
f. 1.
aor. 1. ypa
3 sing. aor. 1. mid.
or
f. 1.
to prick, topierce, to wound, to stimulate ;
for
3 sing. aor. 1.
At/iwj/,
6 i^ , with the smooth breathing, skilful ; for
with the aspirate, bloody, from
but
>), hunting ; from
6, a wild beast, o. 324,
which, as if
to spoil, to corrupt ; or,
comes from
to
re
p^ov, because wild beasts run swiftly hence
hunt; and
, id.
6, a hunter;
. 540.
vid. a, 190.
sharp, thorny ; from
from di and
to distribute,
f. 1.
to teach
to divide; or from
to learn : hence
for
and
t. 442.
24.
vid.
, and
, delighting in arrows ; from
an epithet of Diana.
skill in shooting far ; from
a, 6, a farand
darter; from
aor. 1. ind. of
by poet, pleonasm and Ion. for
which sometimes signifies, to transfx, io drive through, as
1.

f.

.
^, ,
,

^, ,

, ,,, ,
,^,' ,
, .
,,
;

,
,,

,
,,

40
41

,
,
, ,,

here.

37

,
,

^, ,^,

,
:

'

43
46
49

50
51

,,

52
53

54

^,

,',
,

57

which comes from 61

3 sing, imperf. pass, from
1
mid. of
for sometimes circumflex verbs
aor. 1.
form their tenses as if from barytons ; as
(thus , 280,
Avhence mid. ind.
imperat.
" oh, icith peculiar care now guard me, Pallas '." though
some here read ^') or
may be formed by Sync, from the
or rather aor.

regular aorist

,
,
,
KEY TO HOMER.

162
62

',

3 sing. aor.
; from

mid. of

,
,
,
,
,

to huild, to frame

comes from
63

an

artificer,

,),

^,

same

beginning, and

^^,

as

"

or cause of evil,

auiJior

},

to fabricate,

to

form,

which

a worker in wood

, <,
,

vid. . 4.

harm;" from
64

1.

an oracle;

jyri

me source of

ov, evil, bad.

vid.

y.4.

65

,,

py

formed as

if

to follow

from

66

itj

it

', Adv.

or from

or from

/r?;w, to briiig

or

forth

because

pour.

to

bended knee, on the knees

icith

by Sync,

for

the knee.

same as
3 sing, imperf. of
sometimes, prudently, carefully, as here:
frequent, close, thick ; also, prudent
), bv, for
s, TO, the back of the head, a nerve in the buck of the neck ;

''E7n(l)v,-slew

Adv.

closely;

, a nerve,

strength.

formed by Sync, from

pa,

to

78

to chase,

to purstie,

produces the urine

from

75

away,

to drive

and conceals the urine

hence

73

make

cold, gelid

cool.

3 sing, pluperf. pass, of

as

if

to

81

,
,

run;

of running

in the act

a running across, a j^assing by

from

aor. 2.

f.

1.

perf.

to

mid.

scrape

off,

here by Tmesis.

83

,,

465.
201.

from

thrmigh the plain; vid.

poet, for

when

applied to rivers or the sea.

3 pi.
contr. for
pres. ind. of
to restrain, io repress, to keep in, to check ; also,
to be eager for, to be desirous of, (which latter signification belongs to
which is for
the participle
300,) from
f.

1.

to

inundate,

poet, for

90

,
,
,, and

cut off; from

to

Adv. poet, for

In the same manner

}, ,

89

r),

and

,
,
,
,
. ^,. ,

, .
,

from

from

strong, hard, severe, violent

strength.

87

which comes from

6cc.

80

is

throughout, entirely through, far before.

the bladder ; from
conceal, for the bladder

from yovv,

69
70

for
away hence
buttock, the haunch; asifyXoiro^, from

drive

, 6, the
, filthy, %veak,

receives

68

put to fight,

to

which

^ .,

to take, to seize, to reach

with the hand.

to take

,, ,,
-,
, ,
,, , , .
,
,,
,
,
",
,
,
,
,'',
^7, '. , ,

8, 6

67

,
,

1.

f.

same as

/},

387, same

,,

as,

and Dor.

cornfield, an enclosure, a crop,

^,

i.

vine-planted field, a vineyard, a

530

Gen.

pi.

^.

for

heap together; which comes from

abundantly, sufficiently, enough : some therefore write the word

from

to collect,

to

with an aspirate. Also from the same

floor.

root,

,,

,a

threshing-

ILIAD '.

,
,,

9\?}, ,
^\\,

and

a sudden

coming

Kf

toflourhh,
suddenly

, , ,,

very flour hhing, luxuriant; from Ipt, very,

forth buds.

to shoot

poet, for

which comes from

163

p.

on

738, from

secretly so as not to be apparent.

he heavy

f.

1.

also,

to

rush on with great weight; from

tia, v, heavy, in

to

rush on: hence

,,

"

and

a weight, in

,
,

middle of the thorax: properly,

which

yvaXov,

i.

e.

ro

to

746,

1.

839.

1.

8v, after that, when, as soon as.

Tvctkov, a, TO, the cavity :

the

yvaXov,

from Cia and 10

through, as here
; also, to pass
3 sing. aor. 2. ind.
f. 1.
to apportion by lot ; also, to stain, to contamidefile, as here ; from
to shake :
3 sing,

,^ -,,
: .,
,

), ,
,
,
.,
,, ,
:

,,
.
,
,
,
.
,
.,
,
,
,
,, ,, , ,, ,,
'
.
,
,
,
,
,'
,
,,

nate, to

In

imperf. pass. p. 387.

171,

cast the lot for all."

. 391.

borne on with eagerness, to go forward witli impe-

to be

tuosity

rouse up

ov, part. pres. from

which comes from

f. 1.
same as

toflnish, to slay

vid.
to

3 sing. aor.

to excite,

subdue, to overcome, to quell,

pres.

f.

vp, as here

from

1.

for

aor. 2. optat.

',
',

which

to

368, and

3 pi. aor. 2. ind.

up,

to

for

spring 113

which comes

from the obso- 119

go before, to over-reach: hence
Ion.
Bceot. for

. 51.

from t\a- 122

as if
Adv. in Od. . 240.
s, b,fear; 126
, b 19 , intrepid; from a priv. and
id.
to fear ; which comes from
;

s, b, shield -shaking

and

by Tmesis
same as

aor. 2. mid.

pbv, light, active as a stag

bearing a stag : hence

from

112

to turn.

bv, twisted, turned

part, of

imperat. 109

perforated on

to spout

a dart, javelin, weapon.

from
;

,,

lete

Metaph.

to cast a dart, to shoot

b,

106

to excite.

to shoot forth

from

to

1. for

by Sync, for
which is Ion. for opan,
which is formed from the fut. 1. of
poet, by Apocope for
Adv. entirely, througitout,
both sides,
both sides ; dlso, always.
In
377,
from
and

,,

102
105

13.

pass, of

,, ,

,,

from

a shield,

to shake, to bi-andish.

,
and

^,

to

or from 127
as if
;
the time of night, sleep comes on and alleviates

darkness, a cloud

for, at

our pain.
of

95
99

sig^nifies, to take, to receive.

to transfix

" now

91

as if

secretly,

for

id,

Ion. and,

wound; from

68,

id.

Dor.

for

pres. infin.

132

.
,

KEY TO HOMER.

164

135
137

by Tmesis

a,

kj

for

wool-bearing

>),

from tIpoQ,

iOQ,

a fleece, and
a, id. which comes from
tQ shear, to comb, to card : or from
to bind, as
entangled fleece.
ioool,

138

',

having an

f. I.
to strike, to wound, to icound alightly, to graze ;
properly, to stain the body with Mood by a slight ivound : from
to colour, to dye, which has also various other significations, as, to

,
,
,
^,

benefit, to deliver

140

an

oracle, to attack furiously

and

overwhelm,

to

conceal one^s-self,

to enter, to

to sink, to fear, to decline.

,
,
,
,
. ,
-,
,
,
,
''
^
,
,,^,, , , ' \., ^
,, ,
,
,, ,
,

used here in the neuter genfiocks,) understood :

quiet and placid, which, by Metathesis and

solitary, deserted

der in reference to oig, sheep,

formed from
change of breathing, from
because he, who
141
and
it is

near ;

i.

(or rather

Kf

, gentle;

or,

only the earth.

standing
crowded, thick, con-

lives solitary, enjoys

ov,

close,

e.

'

and

tiguous to one another, &c. from

heaps on heaps are strewed one

146

or
if

,
,

or tipiov,

pi. perf. pass, of

upon another

or

19.

key with which a door is opened, . 89,

opening with a key the doors ; also, a bar, a fastening

^>,

455,
(f a door or gate,
" thrust back the great bar of the gates ;" also, a naval bench on which
the rowers sit,
&c. and ib. 170,
168,
fifty rowers sat on the
l>enches; also, the key-bone or collar-bone, as here.
Vid.
74.
147
, the neck, a narrow place, a strait; from
to exult, to boast ; because the sign of vanity or exultation is an
erected neck.
b kj ij, belonging to the neck, Od, y.
Hence
45.
to keep off, to prevent, to draw off, as here, from

,
,, ,
,
,
, ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
,
,,

id.

150

jecture concerning any thing, to interpret,

156
]58

70

8,

left

those icho succeed

no natural or legal heirs

bereft of

any thing

same

pi. imperf.

Vid.

. 416.

160
161

same

,, poet, for .

'-^,

{.

1.

as

poet, also

to

examine

as

to bewail.

of one whv has

pa, pov, widowed, deserted,

to

^,

,'

from
and
121, Ion. and Dor. for

'. "'.

1.

to desolate, to bereave, to lay ivaste.

iience

to divide

to the inheritance

from

from

make a con-

,,

to explore,

3 sing. aor. 1. mid.

a possession, a booty, a prey
Dat. pi.
poet, for
lamentation, sorrow; from

for

154

',

3 sing, imperf.
in the middle voice, sometimes signifies,
poet, for

154.

break, to break short,

is

used instead of


ILIAD '.

,, ,
,,
, ,,
,.
-^,
,
,,
, ,

from which, however

by Tmesis for l^a^ij.

it

165

borrows

tenses

its

a heifer, a calf ;
it has but lately gone to pasture

because

and

aKy,

,,

6, a steer.

s, 6

itj

8,

), id.

a place planted with shrubs and bushes, a wood,

to, wood, and

r),

a copse; from

162

ic)

tumult, noise, clash.

of spears. Gen.

,, ,

JEoL from

pi.

or

comes from

167

which

to be like, to resemble. 181

from
i^
an oblong helmet; from
hav- 182
a flute ; also, whatever
ing an oblong appearance ; which is from
is narrow and oblong, and
an eye ; for a helmet tapers off narrow
and oblong.
with an aspirate, to roll, as in . 319,
f. 1.
186
\papa9oLaiV, 1 will roll him in the sands, or I will enwrap him
in the sands but in the mid. and pass, with a smooth breathing,

poet, to liken, to assimilate

}'/,

, ^,, ,
,,
,
,
,
,
",
{,
.
,
,
,
-,
.
,

\-

enwrap,
as if from

also, to cover over, to

to he rolled;

. 286, for

hence

a covering, Od.

from

ov,

179, from

for

or

',

pres. of

part.

to find, to

to conceal,

as here

hence

to turn, to roll.

overtake, to reach;

to

approach, to reach,

here, I thought, I. deemed, rather than I said.

or

Pluto

,
,
,
,, .
,,
,
,
Ion.

angry

from
/, lately put together; from

new finished,

are spread out

by Sync, from

to

,
.,

to

signification,

to

yoked in pairs

}";,

to place, to

stand

appoint

or regularly from

,,-^
,
,
heixce

342, and

perf.

',
from

Ion.

-^, .

yov, 8,

has a neuter 196

pi. of

'*

480.

,,

from

195

it

,-

by contraction for
3
by an Ionic reduplication for
we sorrowful stood, Od. . 464, and

,
,
,
,
,
,
, ^,
barley

and

from

but some consider

191

and 194

for

expand

to be the perf. pass, of

",

made

lately

5&.

Tperf.

spread out,

190

s, 6, Orcus.

nevertheless.

,
,

from

187

to attain.

id. or

by Apocope

for

id.

"OXvpa,

,,

a species of grain like spelt or barley, grain in gene-

ral, corn,

poet, for

t),

same as

to rule, to

to spare, to pity, to

,,

stain
cif),

as

cnvai,

if

parsimony,

to be

from

cotnmand,

pardon

409, and

a. 152.

vid.

ov, made, fabricated, tcrought

to

to

make,

head.

also, <o nse sparingly, to ab-

parsimonious in giving

,,

id.

hence

, 244,

197
198
200
202

,
",

KEY TO HOMER.

16

203

?,

perf. mid. of
being added by Pleonasm.

,
,

Att. and by Sync, for

to eat,

,
,
^,
',,

tcsiv, infin. of

Adv. abundantly,

205

to act

a,

a peg, a wooden fastening

fasten.

and

213

from

stately ;

214

in

v. 5,

/,

kj

height,

1.

f.

Adv.

lofty

roof,

high,

,
,

to cover.

break across, to snap

to

part. aor.

from

ciuickly, rapidly

, 6v, swift, quick, rapid.

, a whip, a scourge from

to

s, 6,

,,
1.

f.

,
,
mark

from

243

'*,

245

or from

to be silent, to

Hence

id.

.,',,,

grow dull or torpid,

Adv. in vain.

to

to

and

admire,

and

in

103,

1.

to

waste time, to wander

by Sync,
/ ?/, solid-hoofed, firmand
, \ claw, a hoof ; which comes
by Pleonasm of o, for it is part of the body fitted
imprinting a mark.
or

, , ,,,
, ,

footed ; from
the fut. 1 of
for

from

charioteer; from yviov, a rein,

act as charioteer.

236

splendid, resjAendent, producing silence

from

505,

the

subdue

to prick, to excite.

admiration on account of beauty

from

break:

before, ere.

and

233

neut. pi. taken adverbially for

from KpaiTTVOQ,

231

are put, for the sake of the

to another, foreign, external; somedenotes, an adversary ; from

belonging

poet, for

226

to

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
,
,
,
^,

,
,
,
, ,

another.

218
223

and

for

to fix, to

578, having a

?), t.

Homer

times in

216

Od.

,,
,
,,

metre, for

from

from

habit

,
,

plenteously.

persuade.

209

from

Dor. and poet,

relying, confiding, trusting

r),

>^

he accustomed,

,
^,
,

ov, most dear, agreeable

!"
delight

from

" my hearfs

a fibre, a nerve, strength, since strength depends on

the nerves,
-

a,

poet, for

. 354.

/,

248

,
,

Some

to

255

to

",

us retire,
to avoid,

bring together

from a, priv. and

Dor.

come from

\iencQ

mid. from
form it as if from
let

but in

to

a distance,

which

for

],

to be

whose

infin.

its

should

^, , ,

us retreat, 1 pi. subj. mid. of

or rather

is

born of, to be

tofiy from, to be out of view, Od.

from
id.
fiy, as here,

.sometimes absolutely,

seems

aci'e ;

perf.

Dor.
let

an

poet, for

descended from.

249
253

immeasurable

a,

the infin. of

be

itf

to

avoid

primary signification,
fear hence

8, b, tardiness, delay, sloth,

to

, 335

also, to collect,

grind.

and

ILIAD '.
to

become

sloiv, in be tardif, to fear, to

formed as

is

if

167

doubt, to hesitate, tobenmvUUnr^

,
,
,
^,
, ,,
I go, or J will go

the present of this verb frequently

for

assumes the force of the future.

ilakii' avrig, back again

3 du.

<',

from
Tsv,

as

of

1.

f.

',

1.

f.

the two Adverbs are used to

is joined to

. 276,

In

greater force.

if

from

mark

the

bear aivay, to carry bach

to

256

257

258
" all-icise Pallas," 260
and being the god-

for yt Hv, truly, then, therefore, certainly, at least.

^,

8,

wise;

so designated as being sprung from Jupiter's brain,

dess of wisdom ; from
and
ijg,
counsel, design, 6cc.

,,
,
',

from

and,

),

80,

a. 199,

comes from Ipvio,

and Od. . 429,

Avhich

id.

to keep in,

a rim, a circumference

to

to restrain,

draw,

to

curb

to

262

In Od.

defend.

id.

properly of a chariot ; also

the crescent or hook at the seat of the charioteer, to which the reins
might be fastened: it is also applied to other things, as in . 118,
the circuvference of the shield; also, a circuit, an orb,
a circle or revolution of time, an arch, a vault : from avo) and

,
,
,

to farm, to fabricate.

same as

bring up carefully,

,,

iav,

by Epenthesis of ri, to nourish, to 271

; from
, bv, soft, tender.

a stable, a stall

from

kj

as if

and av, but

if

signifies, although, whether, at least

it

,, ,

compounded

if

K<J[v is

used for f^
Sync, for

2 sing.
656, and

and 273

of

written without the ac-

.
,\> ,
/3/,
.
\,
. ^,

cent,

, ,, .

tend sedulously

to

here, truly

perf.

pass.

hence

. 3.

the lousest part of the belly,

6,

bv, empty, free;

cav.se that part of the

body

which comes from

is

free

from bone.

for

the

paunch

ov, id.

284

28.

from

be1.

285

miscarry, to neglect to offer

287

will hold out, tcill endure,

f.

mid. of

infin.

to err

", ^,
.

sacrifice,

68, fut.

poets use

from,

to miss,

by changing a

,, ,
,
, ,
,
,
'',
t

subscribed,

from

8,

'Piv, or
it

the

into

, ond inserting

to satiate,

which the

for

to satisfy:

, ^,

by pleonasm.

but

289

to sing.
icj

patient of su'ering, invincible, brave, bold;

/,

endure.

to suffer, to

through

to

aor. 2.

1.

aor. 1. infin. of

with

-, .

,
,
.
, , ,
Ion. for

the nose ; from

?), Gen.
humours of the head are carried

, ', ,
to flow,

ofT.

because 291

ij,

a skin.

f.

')),

to transfix, to drive through, as here.

or

1.

to hurt, to injure.

ap'pav,flew back

1. ind.,

being doubled

uithfear, started aside with fear

from

pi. aor.

295

,
,
,
,
,
,
KEY TO HOMER.

168

Kra/ifvai, Dor.

301

305

from

Ion. for

which comes from

id.

kill

to

a, to, the hip ;

the haunches:
because those parts sustain the body when in 4 sitting posture.
r), a cavity, cave, holloic, the holloic of a joint, the
306
socket in which the hip-joint rolls
also, a porringer or cup, as
494 ;
sometimes, tlie hollow of the hand, a foiir-oimce measure, an hemina,
or
to lie,
from
half a sextary, i. e. threefourths of a pint

,, .

Hence

to be placed.

blood,

,
,
,
, 77/,),
much blood

307

drawn up

as can be

.
,
,
,,

^;,

shake,

poet,

309
313

the expression,

e.

i.

to

1.

f.

and Ion.

f.

thick, strong, ample.

1.

to

which comes from

TO
thq

pasture herds; from

to

to break,

strike,

^,

a, 6, v.

,,
,,

to

571,

',

keeper of oxen, a herdsman ; from

the care of oxen.
attend, to take care of: hence
the elbow, a part of the arm, the arm, as here

as

^\,

an ox ; or
6 it}
food, and
because he attends to oxen ; or, as if
s,

(as

314

clash,

to

a verb formed by onomatopoeia

for

tla,

much

34,

in the hollow of both hands.

dash against,

together

to clasp

to

also,

, , , '.'.",,,, , , ..
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
]/,
.,
^,
,
^, . ,
,
'],
,

because it is fasa measure of six hands

denotes that
In
tened to the upper part of the arm.
375,
part of the bow on which the arrow rests.
to fold.
a fold ; from
315
might take atcay his life ; by Tmesis for
317
3 sing. aor. 2. optat. mid of
XoLTO, Ion. for
i}, an agreement, covenant, charge ; horn
319

cubit,

' ^,',,
,

Gen.

320
322
326

^ol.

330

from

,
,

92

337

,,

&c.

for

of

1 .

from

'^, 3

here, to drive in pursuit of, to seek, to search, to investigate;

to follow.
from

sing, imperf. Ion. for

)7

Venus

from

Venus

to

intens.

and

as

id.

as

TO

interpret

s,

and

it

in

if

it,

which

if

and

from

the isle

or,

Ion. and by Sync, for

from a,

,, strong-hoofed

was formerly sacred

336

o,

stretching, part. aor.

lov, even, equal, ichole, entire, perfect, sound : also, consentaneous, agreeing, completed, prepared, adjusted, fitted, consistent,

329

JEol.

pi.

for

of Cyprus,^ which
i.

e.

from

and

weak, void of strength

signification
ii,

it is

deduced
but some

strong, robust, as if 6

poet, immediately, then.

pierced through; from

comes from

338

',

id.

at, the three

to

perforate; which

Graces, companions of the

Muses and Mercury,

ILIAD '.

,,,
,
,
3.&

169

,,

and attendants on Venus viz. Aglaia, the cheerful Thalia, ever flouand Eitphrosyne, the delightful
from
, joy.
Th.
to rejoice.
Uivap, apog,
the palmor hollow of the hand, the sole of the foot
339
rishing-

strength

'',

or,

the receptacle in which things given are placed

it is

because

or

^eivttv, to extend.

6, properly, crude or half-formed blood: in Homer it

denotes, the gore of icounded divinities, ichoi' ; for he affirms that they
that
is the blood
; unless this distinction be made,

,,

of divinities, but

man and

the biood of

other animals.

,
^ -.

, ,

,,
,
'
',
,
,,
bread, food

corn,

masculine gender

corn, is of the

ter.

and

a, b

kj,

i),

on

.
', ',
shult

engage

341

from a priv. and 342

Didym.

3 sing. aor. 2. ind. of 343

poet, for

that

food, of the neu-

bloodless

The gods are

yap

threw down

f.

but

216.

I.

blood.

ck,

Grammarians remark

in general.

340

Ion. for

in, shalt intrtule,

^^,

2 sing. 350

mid. of

1.

place

Adv.

from

elsewhere, in another place

pv,from another

351

another.

with a wandering and wavering mind, 352

wander, to languish in spirit,
12 ;
according to Eustathius
or, according
as if in aXy
to wander, because the perplexed and
to the Etymologist, from
anxious are in the habit of roaming about ; or from a priv, and
to
signified

to loose, to free, as if
f.

1.

to be affected

be bewildered, to dote

fnd

no release from misfortunes.

,
,,

droop, to be at a

,)
'.,

loss

,
,

also, to

It also signifies,

what course

to

anxious,

to take, to be

,,

be dispirited,

(as

if

iv

to

aXy

to exult, to boast, to be inactive, indolent, or idle.

grow black;
make black, to blacken.

to

,
,
, ,
,

from
i]t)p,

to

the air

b,

3 sing, imperf. mid. Ion. 354

but in the feminine it signifies, darfcness : 356

feminine to the signification

for a//jO, w^hich also is limited in the

of darkness.

,,

,
',

b,

b,

and

having golden reins, golden-reined ; from

358
b i^,
a horse's headband; also, a wo-

man's filet, a ribbon, a thong, a rein.

',

imperf. of
f.

to be

oppressed

, by pleonasm

,,

JNIetaph. severe pain

of

from

,. ,

tyof,

to
:

Ao,she seized,
and

,,, ,,

she took, 3 sing, imperf. Ion.

f.

1.

A^id.

to lash, to

226.

poet, for iX^v, pres. infin. of

.
.

groan under a weight, 361

from
which comes from

weighed down,

jNIetaph. fo endure grievously

a weight, a load

to ask, to beseech.

to be

1.

whip, to scourge with a w\ip

or

3c5
366,

no

.;,
^, , , '
,/
/,
they

369
370

few ;

,,

fiom

from
to eat.
;
from
the knee.
Ai'lv7],
Oiove, a goddess of the sea, and mother of A^enus
she was so named
r
as she first married Jupiter ; or as if
didsaa
or
ha'ivtoQai
because she is watered with the showers of heaven ; for she is
for

,'

,,

between the arms.

?, ), hence

(,

id.

id.

,
,, ,-

the same as Terra.

371 'AyKai, ai, the arms: in
the Ace.

and in
227,
by some interpreted adverbially, as,
an
arm ; also,
),
to embrace in the arms ; and

this passage,
is

Hence

stroked, 3 sing. aor. 1. oi

Vid. o, 361.
'Evwjry, manifestly, (rpenly ;
if, in sight ; Dat. sing, taken adverbially, from
view, sight ; from
and
r},

,,

,' ,
,
.
,

,,
,
,
,
,
,, '., , ,
',
- ', ', ,
,
,
, ,
/,
,
,
the eye.

387

3 du. imperf. Ion. for

Ion. for

372
374

.,

KEY TO

), , ,

6, potter's clay, a potter's vessel, a tile, earthen-ware ;

^
sometimes, a tub, a pitcher, ajar, as iii t. 465 ;
much wine was drunk out ofjars. Th.
andfpa,
earth ; hence
b, a potter, as in
601, and
Ion. for
a, ov,])ertaining to a potter, of a potter.
insatiable ; by Crasis for
388
a, 6 ^
from a priv. and
to satiate, to satisfy ; or from
to affect with iceariiiess.
389
Ion.
a step-mother; from
a

',

,,

mother.

393

the point of

incurable; from a, priv. and

tridental

from

a dart, a barb, an edge.

394

cv, curable

396
397
400

which comes from

the same, for

and

also,

for

but they do not occur in Homer.

same as

),

,,

which

for

r),

is

a gate.

Att. for >/Xaro,

3 sing, pluperf.

under the same form the perf. pass,

Att. for
the two initial letters of the pres. being reduplicated.
542 from
to hurt, to vex, to annoy, to affect with sorroiv,
a. 56, to be solicitous, to
f. 1.
care, grief; but
to take
f. 1 .
and
There is another verb
feel sorrow.
care of, to be solicitous,
240,
pain-expelling ; (lom
n, ,
4'Ji
, pain,
. 845.
to slay ;
grief, and
mortal.
and
mortal ; from
402
,
,
403
, ^ perpetrating violent acts ; from
work, act, deed.
fC(
powerful, strong, violent, and

pass. ind. of

.
,
,
'
,
, ,,
^,
,
),

.
^,

, ,,
,
', ,

,
,
,
s, b

or as
fioni

as if

, ,

, ,,

,
,

,,

unbecoming

impious, iniquitous, ^injust,

from a, priv. and

?'/

vid.

. 416

unjustly pillaging or stripping of a portion

if

to

hurt.

or

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
, .
,,,
,, ,, ,, ,,,
',
.,
,
,
,, .
ILIAD '.

grandfather,

address as father

to

171

"papa"

to lisp

to

408

do; from
s, 6, a father, papa.
\ia.
412
a daughter of Adrastus.
830 also,
/3. 828.
Ion.
6, a domestic, a servant ; from olicog, a house. 413
Kupi^iog, id, 6, youthful; mostly applied to a man who has mar- 414
thus Knpicia,
ried at an early age
a. 114. an epithet given to
Ion. for
a wife \vho had not been before maxried from
a girl, a virgin.
6, a young boy ; hence

caress a father, as children

, ,

,,

,",
pease

,,

and

cure,

to heal

olso, to increase

3 sing, imperf. pass. Ion. for

from
and
to assuage, to mitigate,
from
lov, mild, placid, gentle, kind, clement :

7),

which

poet, for

is for

to

ap-

3. pi.

im-

417

perf. pass.

here, to stir up, to stimulate,

to solicit

/,

4'22

part. pres.

Vid.

neut. pi. taken adv. here, most vehemently.

,,

146.

^'.

coaxing

which

part, pres, of

from

or

s,

well,

,,

from

to

i^

fair-zoned, having a beautiful

and

a buckle, a clasp, an awl or bodkin, a pin or needle ; 425

tofx ; for the buckle or clasp

pass through or pierce,

fastens the edges of the garment: hence

to pierce

and

to fasten

',

to

to

go

weak

also,

1.

145,
133.

mid. Ion. of

Metaph. from

consume.

go

to

punishment on one,

pursue,

to follow, to infiict

also, to

manage or conduct, as here.

.,,

3 sing. aor.

a, bv, rare, thin, slender, soft

and

1.

f.

with a clasp or buckle,

scratched, tore slightly

a, intens.

424

a. 361.

,
,
.,
,, ( ,

robe

is for

423

to the citg,

86,)

to

to attend to, to pass over

429

"A^fro, he did reverence or stand in awe of; 3 sing, imperf. Ion. of 434

,,

row, and

to

arrow-shOoting,

pour

;"

from

.,

from

an ar- 447

^,

,,, ,
,
', ,
;

f.

praise

1.

from

s, TO,

from

ri7

arrows

6 ) , lohat is not to
8, TO, a fane; from
to enter.
To
which comes from a, priv. and
that part of the temple into which no one but the priest enters.
" in their spacious fane."

'XcvTov,
entered
is

" shaft-arm^d

or, rejoicing in

honour,

,,
,,
to

glory

to glorify, to

treat

with honour,

be

448

to

pi. imperf.

Ion.

449
an image, a statue, an effigy ;
form, appearance ; which comes from tiow,

see.

Aaiuifiov, 8, TO, an oblong shield ; also, a short shield, a targe ; from

abounding with hair, pilose : because the shields

453

KEY TO HOMER.

172

were covered with hairy skins or from

they were carried on the left arm.
'KaoTTOQ, , , fruit, emolument ; also, the
458
;

ov, left, because

as here, the

icrist,

'-, , ,

palm

of the hand.

460

Pergamus, a famous city of Asia

Troy, so
was built on an eminence. All elevated places were
formerly called by the name Pergamus.
how long ?
465

,
,
,,

called because

it

469
472

Ion. oio, 6, properly, the sound of rolling foods, the

roar of lofty billows; also, noise, jar, murmur, tumult, din.
Ily ; interrog. u"/iii/ie?'? wherel how? i7i what manner? from
in

,,

?J,

some manner, for as much as : which comes from

.
thou hadst ; 2 sing. Ion. for
from
474
Ion.
6 a son-in-lau\ . 177 ; a father-in-law, v.
464 any relation by marriage, as here from
to take a wife,
to marry, as if
by Sync, of and Epenth. of /3.
they quake with fear ; 3 pi. pres. of
476

,,
,

481

to

482

want
I

same as
which comes from

am

i^

am

ready, I

,,
'
for

,,

Dor. for
a wife

),

poet, for

is

pi.

am firm

315

perf.

from

also, to entertain

/.

,, ,
mid. of

contra,

formed as

woman

indigent, poor, needy

prompt, I

thoughts equal to those of the gods,

485
486

,.
:

Dat.

,, ,

pi.

if

by marriage united to her husband

with a wife, . 516
y
yvvaiKt, where he held conference ^cith his sjyoiise ; and
, ,
o^ne wJio converses, Od. . 179; and
), a conference, a
or
intercourse
colloquy, . 216.
in general, in v. 291, and p. 228.
because the

hence

487

is

to talk familiarly , as

^,
^, ^, ,

perchance.
Xivs, the meshes of a net ; a periphrase, for
the
sometimes, an arch, the circumference of a wheel
nets;
ai
into which the spokes of the wheel, proor the rim,
ceeding from the box, are driven ; from
to kiiit or Join together,
lest,

,
,,

to bind.

, ,

Aivov, , To, flaw, a flaxen thread, thread in general also, iirin^

570.
of the harp or lyre,
an epithet of a net, which collects cA^ery thing ;
n,
and
/1/8 Travayps, of the ample net ; from
capture,
;

,,

,,, .,

hiinting, fishing, prey, spoil.

488

booty

by Sync,

whatsoever one lights on, unexpected gain, pi-ey^

id.

^, , ,)
',
;;

upon or

489
491

for

tance,

from

in with, to get, to obtain, to acquire

and

(or
S,

icj

r),

to call.

at a distance

from

same

as

to

meet, to fall

'.

from afar ; from r\,far,

Some

reaches to a distance from

r. 400, renowned, illustrious,
;

poet, for

called

but

for

7;(,

at a dis-

233, as used
signifies far-celebrated, whose fame
to celebrate.
Also
,
the fame of whose name has been heard
consider

to hear.

t.

,
,
,

sing. aor. 2,

(,,

the infin. from

which

for

,
,,
,

270, and
read
it

turn

here,

in

pL

287,

,,

'

kj

or

if

dp

chaff, the

'.

and very small matter,

froth, down, and the like.
light

and

it

generally denotes
soi:>t, dew,

to

render white,

from

id.

whiten

to

to

which comes from

,
e.

,
,
,

be-

,-

,,,

,
,,

,, ,

i^i

,
,
,
,
.
,
(^
,
,
,
,,
,
.
,
,
,
, ,
,

from

and

',

505
509

515

521

523

524

for

and

intens.

504

.
,
,
),
,
, ^),
,
..

302

',

Ion. and

499

as embers, sparks, smoke,

is
heap of chaff ; but, properly,
),
a part of the threshing-floor in which the straw and chaiF
of the corn are laid aside
from
ov,
as if
chuff:
which is formed irapa
because it is perfectly useless ;
or, as \{
pa, pbv foHifed , guardfrom a, priv. and
ed, because no one preserves it, or because it is liable to be whirled
about by the wind.
having much brass, brazen ; therefore, solid,
H, 6 ic)
frm an epithet of heaven.
a,
6, a charioteer, he who holds the reins ;
and
\\. . 231.
Q, id. from i]viov, a,
s,
having golden sword ; from the Gen. of
)
a sword, . 484,
, id. which comes fromJop,
to raise.
and this from
sac, i Kf r), tcLle,safe, sound; from
6 ^ y),
whole ; or, by Pleonasm of p, as if
from
to cut ; or,
from
as if
to accomplish, to finish,
clamour, shouting, pursuit ;
), by Aphaeresis, for
from
N/jvi/ita,
,
if, a calm, the lulling of the winds ; from
the tranquil or calm air ;^
) y, without winds;
which comes from vj) and
u, , the ivind.
8,
) r), lofty, having a lofty summit ; hence
pa, pov, very high, and
, a citadel; from
6, a summit, a head ; also, a pole : or from
re
or -;. Ion. a, , the north-wind, Boreas:
)
because it is a shrill-sounding and violent wind ; or from
692
food, because it sharpens the appetite hence
i.

498

to ventilate, to purify, to fan, to winnoic ; from 500

winnowing fan, a corn fan ; which is formed from Xiav
hence
, v. 590, a winnower.
1.

f.

a, 6, a

come white

husk of corn

497

which some

for

,
,
,
,
, , ,,^ -

,,

any

493

to

occurs for
crowded together, close; hence

ibid.

^
,

aor. l.pass.

In the

Boeot. vid. a. 530.

formed as

is

for

aor. 2. icuKov, from the obsolete

',

1.

f.

109,

,.

173

Uuks, from which caKUtv

for

to bite

Pallas, ver. 9,

,
.,

ILIAD *.

necessity

for

utility

Kj

or

necessity

is

wbiph

is

,.
it

347, very useful; from 525

signifies, vehement, violent

forcible

and

is

subject to no

law.

to

breathe, to hlow

formed by onomatopoeia j but 526

q2

KEY TO HOMER.

174

,
,

act of

538

it

, '.

', ''

Hence

man.

pass,

from a and

because breathing is the^rsi and last

from which the partic.
not used, though some tenses are formed from it, viz. perf.
I am slain ; 3 sing,
3 pi.
infin.
paul. post,
v. 829.

others derive

531

id.

, ,.

"Epvro, here, obstructed, drove

preserved
to

defend, to free, to keep

by Sync,

Neiaipj/,

r)

off, to

obstruct,

for

,,
,
'

544
548

., ,
two

7. 672,

ticin

it is

Homer

or

the

with-

pbv, new,

a, ov.

^^,

from

s, 6

itj

r),

\<& ^,

ic)

,
,,

never used by

is

d. 170.
double; which
applied as an epithet to sleep and death,
(says Didym.)

vid.
;

say that ipvto

-,

it is

which comes from

s. Ion. -oio,

comes from

550

young

Some

&c.

,^
,,,,

r)

part of the heily, the abdomen

out yaaTi)p as an adjunct from
lovcest

recent, lute, last,

) ,

kept off; also, defended, assisted,

or
to draiv,

off,

imperf. mid. of

or

the aor. 1 mid.

539

^,

or
f. 1.
to attain the age of puberty, to grow
from
puberty, the age of puberty, youth, vigour, Hebe,
the goddess of youth.
551
a, 6 ^
producing good horses, steed-fumed ; from

up

555

8,

,,

,,
,
colt.

density

peculiarly,

, ,
",
,
',
,
,

from

a sylvan shade

as

if

because animals are there brought up

to nourish,

,
which

,
, , ,

derivation

Homer

hence

himself,

says Eustathius, expresses in this verse

, . 69

and 387, and

a,bv,
158,
533.
powerfully ;
556
s, robust, strong, fat, well-nourished ; from
a nerve ; also, strength, power.
which comes from
dense, close, crowed

icj

and

558

,,.

Boeot. for

pi. aor. 1. pass, of

to slay.

560

3 du. aor. 2. of

Ion. for

to fall doiv7i.

,,

^^*

tkaTyaiv, with
a fir-tree but in
5,
to adfrom
e. with smooth oars made of fir
vance forward ; for it is a tree which shoots up to a great height.
251, may
to drive away, to pursue, to fear, as here
566
hence
and
Ion. for
and
be translated, I ran:
f. 1.
to make one wander from the path, to lead
567
one astray, to deceive, to make one give up one's understanding, to im

well-polished firs,

i.

pede

-,

to

wander away

from

turn, deceive, lead astray, bring into an error

,,

aor. 1. opt. 1.

582
it

supplant, avert, over-

^\.
, the place of curvature or bend of the arm,

252

sometimes

also, the

angle of a wall, as in
702,
sometimes, the scrolls of a harp:

it

^, .

occasionally denotes, any curvature of the limbs

hand, in

^,

3 sing.

,the elbow

as that of the

winding of rivers, the projecting

is

derived,

as

if

from

-,
the

ILIAD '.

because one bone

inserted into the other, in the joint of

is

arm and hand.

to

sob, to breath forth

.,

ing, 0.

175

,,

pant, to breathe with difficulty, to palpitate with a

panting, difficulty of breath;

{[<,

10.

so,

(same as

^ ,,
' ,
,
,

lie

,
,
,,
,
,
,,
,
,,

on

his head,)

headlong, head foremost

fell

%\

585

586

he
strack the supreme cone of the helmet, i. e. the higher part of the helmet, in
a deep recess, a cavity.
536; from
,

of the head
very moist.

6, the forepart

cause the skull in infants

is

drove with the lash

tumult, disturbance,

s, 6,

excite tumult,

. 324,

to disturb,

brings on terror.

/^,

3 sing, imperf. of

shook,

at one time

from

3 sing. aor.

a tho>ig.

6,

wet

from

1. of

be-

589

to

593

. 523 hence

because

from

',

it

to distribute.

at another time.

huiui, inexpert;

to

s, b ^
wanting industry, clujnsy i;i the use of his
from a, priv. and
>/, the hand, the palm

594
595
597

,
,
.
,,
,

of the hand.

going, having gone, about to go for it has a present,

a past, and a future signification, says Budaeus from
to go ;
having traversed the great plain, i. e. havitig gone aver
or through the great plain,
being understood
for frequently verbs are followed by a Gen. vv'hich is governed by a Preposition

of

,', ,

or

0,

,
,,
, ,

foam; derived

waves

hence

,,

or orijy,

swift flowing, rapid

i^

to flow.

as

cast forth with great violence, as

of

which Ion. 598

by Pleonasm

this also pcet. for ff-sy,

8,

and

8, 0,

e.

'. ,,^,

),

understood a.s
argy, poet, for
3 sing. aor. 2. subj.
for
from

"SiTijy, or,

for

if

from

',

599

formed by the dashing together

282, speaking of horses ;

it is

to foam,

they covered their breasts icithfoam.

',
', ,
,
.
',
,
,
, ',
,
,
to

murmur,

for

is

turned

to

roar

formed by onomatopoeia.

present,

is

near.

Wa.

i.

43.

part. perf. pass, of

from

to

turn

ic)

a, 6

r),

rich,

havitrg

, TO, standing corii, wheat,

Adv. with

tear asunder
to

the heel:

1.

^, ,

grasp

around.

6U3
6()5

to nourish.

having many

jjossessions

and

f.

but

tnayiy

id.

for

from

from 613

cornfelds.

hence

to draio, to pull,

crops, wealthy

Od.

to kick, in

98.

to pluck, to extract, to rend,^ to

620
621

also, to tie, to bind fast, to strain hard,

3 sing. aor. 1. mid.

a compassing about; from

logo 623

,
,
,,
,
,
, , ,
KEY TO HOMER.

176

634

comes from

, unskilled

/|

to learn

,,

yova,

636

or Ion.

', ,
^,
,
'.,
,,
,
, ,
,,, ^,
,
,
,
,, ,,, ,

), unskilfulness, ignorance;

635

s,

. 243.

Od.

a foetus, a child, a son, offspring, progeny

mid. of

perf.

which

from a, priv. and

hence

,.

to be

539, same as
to want jiarticularly

or

want,

to be

from

inferior

Kf

from

tTTidevtai, Ion. for kwidevy, 2 sing. pres. subj.

639

,
-

bring forth.

to beget, to

to

one who boldly awaits an attacking

ela, v, and
; from
remain firm, to await ; or from
remindful, as if de^ioting
one whose daring spirit deserves to be held in remembrance.
QVToc, 6, lion-hearted, magnanimous ; from
,,

enemy

therefore, spirited, all-daring

to

44

bulwark,

646

aid, help, assistance, remedy, a

iv, subdued, conquei-ed

part. aor. 1. pass, of

,'

aor. 1.

of Pluto

famous,

655
656

,,

and

2,

822.

perf.

654

and

8, b

, fainansfoi horses,

from

horse-famed, an epithet
bv, rendered

and

ov, b, a colt,

illustrious.

',

ashen, for

ov

from

,,

from

by Epenthesis of

for

an

ash-tree.

for the sake of the

metre

a spear.

id. and
Adv. at otice ; also, one after another: from
it is said of those things which follow one another in an
to follow along with, to
uninterrupted succession ; hence

bapk,

.
, ,
,
.

accompany,

657
661

'',

400.

3 pi. aor.

from

1.

,, , ,
,
.,
,

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
. .
,
'
,
,
,
,
which

for

same as

poet,

wish earnestly

to

hastening, going impetuously

from Avhich the partic.

.,

in ver. 670,

and

his heart

and

was agitated tu

multuously.

662

arrive at,

nmr

bring

to

from
which is formed as

apply, to join

or

if

hands:

, ,,

lute

672

from

from
also

675

682

',

id.

to
to
it

bring near with the

toil,

miserable, daring, bold, resO'

for the sake of the

me-

appointed by fate

irom

,,

302.
;

aor, 1. infin. Ion. for

from

fate:

to kill, to slay.

f.

683

to slay

,,

to

, b, a sound, a noise.

Kf

to unite,

draw near,
the hand ; for

loud sounding,

and

s, b

from

( being inserted

itf

tpi, intens.

touch, to rub in,

part. aor. 1. pass.

enduring

for

tre,) 8, Ion. 010,

674

to

cause to approach, to

'7<;,

signifies properly,

670

to,

to

1.

fear

from
and

aor, 2. pass,

ov, lamentable, piteous

from

to bewail.

ILIAD '.
to coinplain,

177

lament, in ver. 871, which is formed

who bewails emaciates himself entirely.

to

",, ,
,

(pvptiv tavTov, because he

same as

a prey

,
),

from

b, age, length ^f time, eternity

to take,

also, life, duration of

, , ,,
,
.
,
,
,
,,
.
,
,
,. , . ,
,
,
,
,
,
.

human existence ; as if
Ev^pavHV, Ion. for evfpavtlv,

to exhilarate.

to drive

1.

f.

away,

^,

to pass

to repel

fut. 1. infin. of

by hastily

push,

because

a beech-tree ;
used to live on the fruits of trees: hence

684
685
688

690

to thrust aside,

3 sing. aor.

for

to

8,

to delight,

hurry past.

also,

asiffromw0w,

and

1.

f.

691

mid.
formerly 693

1.

men

ivov, beechen,

in ver. 838.

Adv. out of doors

generally, icithout, as here, hence ot 694

r), agate, a door.
from ^vpa,
to breathe, to respire : hence 697
from

strangers, foreigners
for

he breathed again, he revived, 3. sing. aor. 1. pass. Ion. for

as

from

if

,,

I,

or

a blast, a breath of wind, a breeze

by Epenthesis of

for

to take

1.

f.

life

alive,

also, to quicken, to enliven

ing, the chase

as

to

,,

death, to revive

698

a capture, hunt-

if

',

breathing, panting. Ion. for

the obselete K:a^u;,'which comes from

to pant ; also, to devour.

from

preserve

from

perf. of

to

from
blow,

.
,,
^, , ,

ov, 6, one ivho has a belt or girdle variously adorned ; 707

[But,
ov, various, diversifed, variegated, and
from
according to Porphyrius, as quoted by Clarke, the true meaning of

5,
,
,
^,
^,
^',

,
, , ,,
is,

brisk infght.']

Ai/tivy

and

to

*'
fast by the lake Cephissus."
prepare, to get ready ; from

arms.

contr.

by Sync,

,
,

fem. of

for

In the

honourable, august, venerable.

is

used

and

for

Merc. 13.

ot,

a, 6

i^

or

to

"68,

in the

also

or

Hymn

Hymn

709
by 720

old,

721

32,
to

Vesta and

ancient honour
xcheels

, having eight

from

spokes

s, o, a circle.

from

,,

the

722
723

spoke of a wheel.

of a wheel ; amongst the Athenians,

on which were written the laws of Solon.

axle, the axis

, ,,
',
,
were wooden

tables,

draw.
a felloe, the bent iron which binds the wooden 725
rim of the wheel, to prevent its being worn out by the continual rolling ;
to
the xoooden rim of a wheel, from
formed of
and
to move, to agitate.
compel one to run quickly ; which comes from
admiration, astonishment ; also, a wonder', a pro-

Th.

lead, to

', , ,

digy, an astonishing spectacle.

the nave, the stock of a wheel wherein the spokes

,,

726

, ,, . ,
,
,
,
,
,,
,
.
, , ,
KEY TO HOMER.

178

,
',

are fastened,

728
729
730

and the head of the axle is inserted

because it is filled by the axle.

icf

S, 6, thepole

AeTradva,

round, revolving

irom

from
draw.

to

the breast-bands, a halter or head-stall

from

which comes from

id.
tog,
and
. 748, the ground, floor^ earth;
734
H^oQ is unusual in the Nominative case, for which scag, is used
, 6, a threshold ; from ocbg, , r), a way, a path.
738
tv, fringed, shaggy ; from
vid.
448.
739
f, 1.
to crown, to border, to adorn ; from
01' -voQ, 8, 0, a crown, a reward
of valour ; which comes from
to peel,

tofiay

^,

740

, , '^

,, ,,,

Discord
Kpvotig,

Prowess

chattering of the teeth of those

pbg, pa, pbv, id. v. 48. Vid.

743

',

from

are affected

cold

by cold

from the
hence

d. 518.
having four crested cones:

who

,,, , ,,

Pursuit.

cold^ rigid, horrible

a helmet having four crested cones and

s, 6, the helmet's crested cone, the
384, from
plumy top of the martial head-piece ; which from
s, 6 ) y, splendid or from
trappings, an ornament of horses
for
a, 6

id.

1^ t),

,
,
.
:

and of noble horsemen.

744

}),

,
,

(for

into one body.

745

748

It is derived (says Eustath.) as

, , faming,

,
on fire,

shining, red

to brighten, to illume, to shine

, heavy

from

,,
vid,bQpo, .

to seek after

to

handle,

aor. 2.

. 575,

750

f.

to

roar.

give in charge

', ,
", , ,

Jo make a

noise,

Ttj,

to

Hence

3 sing. perf.

,
.

to

re-

spurred on, stimulated on by the spur

6 ^
to yield, as being driven on by
a spur, a goad, and

',

the spur.

by

this

^,

uay.

supreme, highest

high, lofty, choice, excellent, honoured.

758

and

here, to roll back, i.e. to open; Q.nd

from

756

91.

from

,,

roar, to bellow,

place, i.e. to shut.

752

to desire, to seek

pass.

751

to

wheedle, to instigate, to iirge on, to desire,

lowing,
to

burn,

357.

same as

1.

to

vid.

to
and
and Ion.

1.

,
,
;

from

born (f a powerful father

from

f.

sound

also, to teaze, to vex,

3 sing, imperf.

749

,,

a pedestrian, a foot-soldier ; some interpret

in the singular,) a multitude assembled

,
,
'
^,
^
,
,
,
,
,
'.
,
,', ,
set

746
747

seldom occurs

it

how much

from

id. for

(from

,)

ILIAD '.

,",

s, 6

,
',
to yieid

, quiet,

i^j

).

easy, tranquil, 7nild, peaceable, pacific

yap

TSTOV,

Adv.

179

^5.

this frantic

,,' ,
to drive

ofoT away.
same as aye,

chase

761

from Xvypbg, a, bv,

873.

severely, vehemently, grievously

grievous, troublesome, destructive,

from 759

&c. "(1.
auay ; from

and

/,

ex-

pel, to drive

hunt

to

hence

go, go then, a term of

encouragement

from 765

in allusion to the swiftness displayed in hunting:

(or

Od.

in

v.

'

149.

dark, black ; here

denotes,
'Hepoedrig, kog, 6 icj
as great a space of firmament as can be seen across, when 7io mists or
clouds obstruct the view ; others interpret it, the darkness of a thick

atmosphere, which obstructs the sight

fog, TO, appearance.

-, ,

o^tj, loud-sounding

viprixieg

tig v\pog ava<pkptiv

nated

,.

'

from a/jp, kpvg,

heard at a distance ; or as if
cause they neigh shrilly and frequently : from v\pog, eoc,

ov, 6.

>\,

tojoin together, to

???i,i

eicog,

, and

,,

spring

generally, to

be-

774
776
bring 777

7!, ?),
to

772

together, to mingle.

by pleonasm of , for
to make arise, to cause

poet,

and

are so desigttoCwv, because the

clatter of their feet is

78',

770

sometimes, in a neuter sense,

Hse, to
(not used,) to do, to make, to become,
spring up, to exist
3 sing. aor. 1.
to rise ; perf. mid.
properly, a dove ; here used as an Adj. timid. A'id. 778
wvog,
502.
to

into existence,

produce
from

,
,
,, ,
',
:

''

from

ag,

or

bv, black, broicn

dove,

species

of pigeon

so called, because they are of a

brown

,
,
,
,, ' .
,
,
,,,
,
,

colour.

on account of the following aspirate, Dat. sing,

from
to go.
;
to roll, to drive into 782
to be assembled in a mass ; from
sl\6vog,
ov, part. pres. pass.
a strait, to heap up
bv, crude, raw,
rj, raw-devouring ; from
'Qo(|>yog, a,
of

for

aTog,

motion, step, pace

ic]

ad0y,

',

eat, to devour.

8, b, a boar

'
brazen,

Xeism, Dat.

for

s, 6,

and

ij

Steiitoi-,

voice audible as the roar of

a herald,

lost

who

is

, ..

admirable, exciting amazement

in wonder.
u-s

3 sing, imperf. of

783
785

here said to have had a

used to vociferate, was in the habit of vociferating

aor. 1. of
is Ion. and poet, for

which

mire, to be

/;,

fifty throats.

,
,

voice.

^,
b,,bv,

pi. poet.

293, avg
having a brazen voice ; from

here

engaged

in,

appeared in
490.

vid. a.

from.

Ion. and poet, for

to

for

786

ad- 787

-,

738

:;

, ,,,
,
,
, ,

790

KEY TO HOMER.

180

same as
Od. . 322.

in

Some

consider

for oiKVfov, imperf.

by Sync, and lengtheniAg the

,
,
,
->,
.

791

mid. of

secofld,syllablei for i^i-

deidu*,t<i Je^Tyi^^oalsa iSei-

,^

99,

distance.

:..'^:>.

1.

f.

apjrroach eagerly

^n;

,^yfv^i

bound on

make

to

,,-;

>^

,;i.

to cool, to

,, '
(,
',
,
,

575,

breai /,

wipe away,

,
,
,
/.

from

staunch

to

,, ,
,
.,

,*
or

an

kf

ui .Ht>R

assistant

impetuous

i^

^iS. 100,
392,
weapon parts, and

and

_,

s, 6

,,

contr. for

',

instayit strikes

e.

,,,
to

infin.

hence

from

824

wander;

829
830

. .,^

i^f

,4*'*^ t>r

is

also

and
,>,)

r^

the shaiy

,
,

denotes,

and vigour

'i^

i.s^iS'.t

also, to assemble,

i..;

:,

imper. of

(5;/,

Adv. same as

almost;

TVKTov

(wm

from
from

the

,^

?."'

heie ;
/pres.
, wanderer, a beggar

'--.,

.;

-.i-.'

'

,,.,

perf.

mid,

o;^ci,Cp^;tJ^i^<^f^,^,
^

,.

>,

.,^: J

.-r

,.

^I^, r^t^ /^^, jl^j 'i,ai^-iP

Adv.

id..^,>\

jc-,'.,

.^.c

.-^i.-'.:

-r-

(,,

-,^

'

'

/ia7j^,^Z/
i,

-j^.'jr^

), ov, made, farmed, prepared, associated; iiova

" base implement of tcrong," a ready mischief.
shifting from side to side, changeable,
ov, 6 )

mutable, inconstant

832

but

here, to direct, to impel, to drive.

^',
831

3 >ing. imperf.

,,

2 sing, imper. of the obsolete theme

(and poet.
which comes from the obsolete ^(,
fear-; or, according to

some, for

.3)

vid

j /a ,\i separated,, i?y;^Xfli^^|iPiftiip,y^]t^'3i^<^

KOipavloi^rrt.

827

.-,'

$f^.M^R'':^%^ii^isiH^^^OQ ^^tjpiQs^^^e

to wande(r,,y,.

is

i^jwn.

There
328,

in the

, , ,),
,,
.
,
,
',
^

^^

and

him dead

Qd.

thus,

incorruptible ox immortal rod.

823

4^

rr^i^qp^ota*

Itiffa.

for

w^hich destroys all spirit

men fled unhurt: and

U ,o^

.^gmg

ror>

.-'iV*

from

the heart.

fate, death

lui^

OtftCfj^i^cto.^t

,--

.^'>

,, .
Hm^
, ,^

i.

/,,:,,
;:;:':'
,, , ,,.;/,,
properly^ heartless, void of spirit , lifeless, dead ;
each sitting there heartless;

heartless fear,

,,
, ,

3 sing, imperf.

,av^:i\v:.

',

.^otnijyu

.uia.'i

hath enteredt hoik coi^

812

it

ruge^wm^^^ Tl9i'VU*h ofy^MiuU^;

.;

iii

may

be deduced
the former, from

to

450.

/3.

but

those things
as

or spirit,

life

vis ie*/iwsttwi^;,i3-.?iftg.impejf.,p%8s,

ft;

Ion. and poet, for

vld.

;5<4,;

,,,>i\ >.>

was oppressed,

lie

here, to

assault, to rush against

an,

in this signification

s;?i?ri|,

by breathing.

to cool

808
811

"i

,.^-/,;'

,iv

hostilely, to rush against ;

are said avaxjjvxnv, which bring back or revive

801
803

:..

.-;

to excite, to rouse.

1.

f.

,^-.

...{.

from

which comes from

797

as Ion.

''EKaQtVyj^g^Xbfmc^m^jM dim^Cfi frowt iiweii^iJVy^^i^at a

793

795

\\^&.

pi. of tdtdisiv,

advance: from

also, to

retire, to go-;
id.

Adv.

an epithet of ^lar?

and

from

a little before, lately, Just noic

according to some.

ILIAD '.

131

, ,^, .'
,',
.
from

,,

which is opposed,
in the evening,)
but rather from
prep, before.
3 sing. perf. pass. Dor. for
as also 834

in the morning, (to

also, timely,

prematurely
he forgets

for

. 313 from
Adv. quicker than a word, instantly
;

as if

at the word.

"^,

/,
/,, ,

groaned, loud-sounded

for

'&,

,.

838

3 sing, imperf. of
a beech-tree.

836

839
y, weight, load; from
sometimes of the feminine gender, denoting a goddess, as

is

here.

for

by Apostrophe, which

is

Ion. for tcvvt, 3

imperf.

", soon

^',
/,

as, ichen.

he had taken

away

Ty, in that part,

f.

1.

'.

there.

and
wound, <p. 398,

to

845
84()

848
the arm 851

^,

sing.

'-

3 sing, imperf. of

sometimes, as here, to hurl, to shoot, to brandish,

for
being extended or stretched out in these actions
To, 3 sing. aor. 1 mid.

devour, to gnaw, to tear in

'

mangle, as here

properly it sig;
feed upon with voracity and rapacity, like a wild beast, as
iv
tv
479,

'pieces,

to rend, to

fies, to

,
.

id.

,,

ov, beechen: from

',

,
, ,'
, ,, , ,
,
,

"the lynxes on the hills, adust far blood, devour him, in some
dark hollow of the niountain side ; chance the while conducts a lionthither, before whom all vanish, and the lion feeds alone.
Sometimes it

applied to fire, as
183, rt
nor shall I give Hector to the fire
burn, to consume with fire.

is

a thoasaiid

to

consume.

Th.

used by the 860

and

to divide, to

and

poets for

bellow'd brazen-throated Mars, Loud us nine

thousand warriors, or as ten, joined in close combat.
to bring together, to join together, to engage in, to enter 861
into.

',

,
,

>, ,
a, 6

i^ i),

blow.

f.

1.

by Crasis for
heat, burning

to sorrow, to grieve, to

, ,

,
,
, ,
,, ,

grief ; same as
*

insatiable.

from
blowing heavily : from
;

vid.

to

burn.

and

mourn

from

. 694.

to breathe, to

,,,

piercing and petrefying cold, keenfrost, rigidity

the Adj. in the compar.

superlat.

which comes from

most dreadful, most horrible.

toill, counsel;

{. ',

tcish,

and

869

hence 873
in the

to wish, to desire;

874

hurtful, trouble

876

to send.

tinjust, impious,

some ; from a, priv. and

or from a
to injure, as

more dreadful, sadder

863
865

if

to please,

or

injurious,

/,

to affect ivith

by Pleonasm of

pleasure

.
R

;:

,
,
'
,,, , , ,
,,
KEY TO HOMER.

182

878

by Sync, for
from 06],
in Od.
416, and

are vnder control,

perf. pass,

879

Dor. for
;
2 sing. pres. subj. mid.

reiitrain

880

bom

to be

'^-^,

or

to be

by Sync,

for

for

.n

from

vv

W dis"
,

ov,

which comes from

being doubled poet.) 3 sing, pluperf.

( being changed poet, into ,)

home

,
,
,,
',,
,
,, . ,
,
,
,
'
,
,
, , ,
,
, , . , .,,
,
,
.
,, ,
away

secretly, stolen

",

pi. aor. 1. o{

),

a heap of corpses

pi.

Ion.

, bv,

and

from

pa, pbv, dead

to live.

,,

from a,

Hence

remain, to endure, or
strength.
1.
to weaken, to lessen, v. 562.
), a blow, a stroke ; from the aor. 2. of
to

f.

TvTTt},

alive, living

ov, weak, broken in strength, quickly failing

r),

Dat.

there.

Dat.

priv.

here, certainly, doubtless, indeed.

AvTH,

JscKUg,

^,

pi. Ion. for

to

hum,

rulous tone, as here

892

idle, lazy, slow, dull.

(the

for

away

889

mad

), insane, frantic, raving

to

kye'ivao,

1.

pass, of

887

signification,

to rage,

8,

and

886

an active

1. ind.

3 sing. aor.

and

885

Ion. for

to excite, to stimulate, to rouse, to impel, to induige,'

pense unth

884

cvrb, to

to

per f. mid. y'syaa, 3.. 1.

2 sing. aor.

Ion. for

183, and ^f^to Apol. 543.

to oppose, to check,

also frequently in

,
',
',
,
-,
,.,,
,

beget, to brvig foi-th

882

Hymn

to attack, to assault,

1 pi.

hence

to sing in

a shnll tone

from

^,

also, to

lament in a que-

pa, pbv,

a, hv, for

little.

708,
i7itolerable or immoderate grief came upon all:
for
from
ere,
^ i), id. which comes from a, priv. and
to restrain.
a, 6 Kj r). [The spirit of
Some read
.Tuno is styled
on account of her moody spleen also the
strength of Mars, because it yields to none, and cannot be restrained.]
bv, subdued, yielding, inclined to yield, tolerable; from
s, 6

intolerable, uncontrollable

',
893
894

,, ,
which comes

to yield.

to

for

a sending or putting in

<^(,

897
898

Dat.

pi.

subdue, to repress, to rule : from

r), counsel, advice, suggestion ; from

from

to

send in

Ion. for

,)
pa,

,
/

vid.

. 455.

by Sync,

lower, more

for

himble

from

899

,',,
f.

power

900

to kill.

and

1.

to cure, to heal;

from

"la,

strength,

aor. 1. infin.

i^

pain-assuaging

from

/)/, ;,

J?,

and

ILIAD '.

',

,,
,,
,
,

',

bj^|ite8sure

dense, to

also, rennet

3 sing. aor.
coaguhte ; from
{.

to

1.

f.

or

to

turn round, to

1.

,
.

stir

^^, ,
$1:

.
,,
,

to disturb.

y, homicide, sleutghter';

con-

around; or rather
;

from

for

Gen. pL,jil6hT'.)ou

903

same

liquors, to

^^ ,

Hence

902

flows.

make a mixture of

ioici^i, to

it

to fasten together, to

477,

to mix, to mingle, to

hence Metapli. to confound,

623,
a mixed draught,

blend

a hole, whence

from

1. of

liimrr not flowing of itself, but

cause coagulation by stirring around

as in Od.

as

183

,
/,
any

juice, sap, humour,

,
909

KEY TO HOMER.

184

.VJti

ILIAD

,
,

2
9

15
3

-, ,

neut. pi. taken adverbially for

,.

the crested cone of a helmet

shines splendidly. Th.

Oc<ii

b,

8,

'
and -,

tTTi, for

*'

so

meet

19

798.

''id.

VTTo and

,,

meet one,

to

,
,
,, ,

run against,
to go

Kf

'-

'" *'

s, 6,

,, ,,
.

r'r

436. ^^B"

),

s, 6

t),

icj

fair flowing

also,

/c:

',
,
,",
,,

i^j

., ,

), in

iEol. for

sometimes,

s/eu;

from

to injure, to

and

1.

508,

id.

the

being

and

3 sing, aor^ "^i^ of ii^i^.

,,,
hurt

e. to occasion death.

i.

f.

.^, to asto-

injury, hurt.

also, to impeide, to detain

iv, part. aor. 1. pass.

at i^o <s

from

to fear, to tremble, to startle

1.

..ntj bar.

'

to relax the limbs or joints,

sometimes,

f.

pregnant, yh^'iii^'ph^rini^] 1. part. fem.

pregnant, or to kiss.

Hence
. 329

.''

'

.*^U

.^"'>*^.

to be

,
,',,
,",^

vid.

ov, belonging to a tamarisk, of a tamarisk;

466.
a. species of low shrub,

-, a tamarisk,

40

to

lov, dark,

nish, to frighten, to disturb

39

to

a charioteer, a charioteer's assistant; from

,
,
, ,,

doubled.

35
38

and

Ion. and poet, for ijVj yg, or rather for top, ttg, te,
; from the obsolete t

198.

mid. of

27
34

to

t\^
a charioteer: "^sprung froiii^'Uhr^' intercourse and clandesmarriage, spurious, illegitimate, clandestine, as here ; from
darkness. \^id.
727.
. '=;'r^ '
to feed ; from
Ion. and ^ol. for otfft from
U s%(^fC^ir. olc. Gen.

26

from

43.
advance

, ,

advance

to be

,,

tine

25

id.,

t.

it

also, to oppose, to meet, to call to tcitness.

imperf. of

24

also,

named, because

before one to protect him, to interpose tcith assistance, to

fall upon

T18,

"v

e':

beside the public road.^'

1.

f.

vid. a.

I'^'pOTn 'oloQ'

.')^sv'h\

aor. 1. pass.

,,
,
.
,
,,
',

forsake

desert,

desolate, to

fo

);, 3 sing.

Z';<-^^-

breaking, part. aor. 1. of

f.

1.

froiii

to break.

',
^',

ms

.
,
,
ILiAD

Z\

went, 3 du. aor. 2. of

fled fearfully; 3 pi. imperf. Ion. for i^otivTO.

a wheel ; from
run. It is used by

,,

,
,
,
name

,
,

41

Homer 42

of any thing which has a round form like a wheel ; thus,

173,
a great cake of wax.
But
a, 0, a running, a race.
{. 1.
to rollout, to hurl out;
3 sing,
aor. 1. pass, from
to roll, io' tumble, to toss :
and
id., e. 86.
any itnmoveable goods ; also, whatever is consi- 47
is,
dered of great value, a valuable gift given to guests, as a pledge of love
as the

Od.

and

,,

hospitality,

from

hence

precious things are stored.

,
,
uses

or

(sc.

may

it

,
,

to

,,
:

,^

^,
,
,,
2 sing. pres.

styled

is

,
{^,
is

fit

Ion. for

opt. of

<8,

i^

from

fut. 1.

, hv^ high,

hard and

53

55

hfty, 57

difficult

they perishutterly

or,

.^5, ,
,
,
may

from
and
unburied; from

aor. 2,

48

for various

for Krjdy.

iia, v, sometimes the same as

sometimes as
)

gvievous, weighty, as here.

father's house.

here, to spare, to be anxious to preserve

',
;

denote iron, highly wrought, finely tempered

to labour.
; which comes from
lead, to conduct in charge ; Ion. for

care, solicitude

181

my

-,

the place in ichich

variously worked up: iron

s, b, labour

infin.

understood,) in

?'/,

ic)

,,

that can be fabricated in various ways, or

',
;

up treasure ;

laid

to lie

3. pi.

, priv. and

60

sepulchral rites, interment, the care of funerals :

also signifies, unwept, tinpitied ; from
grief, lamentation, care, solicittide

,
, .
may

also be the superlative degree of

the preceding significations.

all

Kj

8,

from

icf

tiny, portion:

, ,,,,
,

to lay prostrate,

Avhich h^s

just, pioris, right; from

376.

/,
,

(tp^r^ir^^fittVibe[,^i[un^,ioteUly^^^^

also signifies,

',

id. in

, not

and

a. priv.

to

//, .

overturn

,,
,

, fate,

72, and

a,

to

des-

be laid

3 sing. aor. 2. mid.

ov, intent on, desirous of ; from
vviiich with a Gen. sometimes signifies, to desire, to covet.
to kill, to strip, to
"Evapa,
spoils or arms ; from
spoil
some deduce it from
war. Mars
the
Ivapa
bloody i<poils, . 480.
y), timviity, cowardice, want of ^nergy ; from avaX.'\.
201.
) r),
.:
^.,
depends, rests upon ; 3 sing.^ pfirfi
pijirsues his object
i^Je^ci^le, enterprise, sc. of one
litrate, to fall

,
,
,

supine

'',

62

,
64
68

'

^^..

74

wM

78
79

'

KEY TO HOMER.

1^.

'

,
,

straight forward

from iBvQ,

from

to

borne directly foru-ard ; which coffins

Adv. in a direct cowrie.
; or

be.

tia, v, straight, even, direct

best in fighting:

the signification of the Latin Gerund, asXaXetv

ing.

83

Plato.,

,,,
,
^,
",

speak, to say

1:1

9
JQO

94

/,!:

indte by wovd$i
or from
and
to

',

from

96

,
,

r),

101

to abstain,

',
,
',

,.-

;\i

ii

V',

aor. 2. infin. of

make

to

equal,

^,

1.

f.

,.

^/,
to

;'

'

'

from
and
^^.
3 pi.
by Bceot. Sync, for
it sometimes signifies, they said:

'^

off:

is

2.

'

and Ion.

go

which

for

is for

In

aor. 2. ind. t^iji/.

skiii,

a hide

ivov,

itota

from

belonging

1 sing." aor. 2. subj.

. 43 ly

live.

is

^\.

to fay.

to

used for

a hide, Od.

Vid. . 459 ;
578, and

iikpTpov, the beak or hardpart of the bill, inwhich birds receive theyrfood,
f. 1.
to pass by, to go before: and Metaprhixionati
'

t'

s, 6

and

find a place

, sighing much;
to

where

.'-

sou beb omoz iu'd

:

.^

.awui^fiV

.awi'J!-' ^J

irun'i STjiiio

Lj-e

^^^-':.

Bacchus, so named, because, at his

he wounded Jupiter's thigh with

poet, for

birth

^.

or, as if
or,

^,

miserable;

.fnnvar4p-

.Tinesis-foi

/,

to stand.

edk, for not even

god of wine ;

therefore,

groan: or, according to some, from

as if an epithet of one wh& with difficulty can

Kar spav

his horns

jo-ju-o'jvi'

*'

as here.

aor. 2. infin.

130
132

go

H, o, a counsellor, a senator

from

128

used for ^i)Qr]aav,they thought, they imagined, as here.

from
vid. a. 590.
poet.for
encouraged ; 3 sing, imperf. of

poet,

eel,

27

'

it is

Hence

to

which

for

I will

125

,,,
,

Dor.

atid'

.
,
,
,
,
,,,
,
,
,
,
,
, ',
,
^,
., ^
,
,,',
mvperi. or

of

114
117

'

"

,, '

/, Ion.

sometimes

109
110
113

,'>-^>

i-"^"'

retire imperceptibly, to withdntu> sSokttjl'i

also, to retreat, to yield, to

.'i-i

.'}'y^^ t'j'^\

compare; formed, as if
from
Od. . 372, speakov, equal, and
(hence
to be dad
ing of oxen fit for carrying equal burthens ;) or
-ihyjawi^ii
with similar garments ; from
a cloak,
eog,
,;

107
108

.^

.
'
,

i....i\

'i.

'alsKiet^i^'i^P^^S^'Htie^^-aOr* 2.
.ijiut .;'
ejaoq mh
;

oiJei^vV'

have come from, to htu,m spimng from; Ion';

'ESs/Lifvat, to

for

,i

i),

id.

infin. of

100

,^

or
to seem, to appear.
from tvog, a year.
of one year, by Ectasis for
ov, unsubdued, untamed,'* not touched 'with puncture of
from
for Uypriv. and JCMrii*,i;ie^uyJiiii>lC';<ii9Wiroe, a,
1.

IOC,

the goad"

r;''..i:yij j;

?, ,^,.
- iJ?'

best in speak-

';ij^^.u i".>

urge &ni,<:tOi47i2^^l>lb iirufi^ie''

to etOit^i-mim^k-i^Trsri^"'

to

2 du. pres. subj.

repaid,
an old woman, a matron
from
f. 1. ', to open.
;

,-

the infin after the Adj. has

olvov
he is the
because
because he was the son of

'

,
,
{,
'./.'.

ILIAD

^,

lar

Jove; -and Nysa, one of the two tops of Mount Parnassus^ tvas sacred
to him
or, as if,
from
because tiiey stagger and
walk with an unsteady step who have drunk freely.
a,
/^ i),(ms-v:ho Tiourishei ;
, a nurse; also,

,
,
;

denotes also, the genial earth:

which is so called, (says Harm.) becatise
near to the infant's mouth.
it

,,,,
,,

{,)

s, o, the breast, the teat,

brought

it is

cakes, or branches, or vine-xiyreathM icands,

were carried about during the Bacchanalian

/, ,
,
,,

rites

crifice.

'

from

which 134
to sa-

-uu:. ,n0.j--;

.,-, .u

stricken ; part. pres. passe- otSftiiKal t strike

13l>

But Didyaw oa-goad ; as if /3

an ax, a hatchet, with Avhich oxen are slaugh11WS interprets
terqd ; it may also signify, a u-fc/;}^ being made of a hide ; from //<to strike, and
) ,
to be angiy, to be of ended; it is used 138
or rather
only in the aor. 1. mid. by the poets
from
if, for anger is
a^species of pain, or is occasioaed by it:
37, for
.'
:.u I ,..
to .^bw, because
,^lp(a, at ease, tranqmlly ; here for
iron
tij^igs unattended with difficulty are said to flow smootlily^
1], iiv, blind ; sometimes, deaf; but never used in the latter 139
signification by Homer ; formed as if
i.e. having a
inist be/uretlie eyes ; or from
to see :
to raise a ^moke, and
he is blind,. in whom rii^irafioi;
the sight is
,4) :ui i-i).
de^tiOj'edil.Uil/
jrivd . yd

,
.

>/,

,>

,
,
,
,
,}],,
.

mdi

TO,

,
,
,
from

?.:

^ttpa,aoQ^

Jlilpap, OT
:

,,
,6.^4!^'

,./,

mark, goai

, ,
,/*"

7}

iL

143

\-

145
148

also,

''.'

Ion. for ytvea.

;
Imdding, luatn-iant ; poet, for

forth buds, to fiourish ;

id,
la
423, Me^
ftourishing youths or sows f and
142^
afLOwing mane. v. :4^^i,u i ,j -. ,^vi,oiA>5<'
toleara; Dm. ios
^iS!tts2,x^c:^iuoi, 150
to sprout out, ta shoot

/, and

which comes fcumS'7

taph.

race, origin, descent

verii fiourishing,

from

501

limit, dicision, Oi

0,

-,

from S

,.\2^
>

'

:,
-. ),. .

this

being changed inlo^, denoting 6

to shut, to close, because
it is a private and enclosed place;:, teaice/ivxeiraro^ ;(^|/^tnosiiinost retired,
,:,, i.-o b.ii> 2^5 ii;
l^Q,
,v: .;;.>
f. 1.
here, to afOrd,-tO'give^ to ptstom^ .jpoB^euyir to 157
follow, to attend as a companion. \'id. /S. 184* ! uiuivu 30J>k[L t.
3 sing. aor. X. mid. of p'jco^at,
to consaib)^af
to frame, to devise.
But some deduce it from
deliberate; and others from
.>Oh qxi^ i';uO
to desire, to seeki
f. 1.
to expel, to drive away,'U{ j^otns^^: from 158
3 sing. aor. 1.: *i j-jf, r
poet, for

night,,

or from

, ,,
,

..:

(^1^'^

iior. 2.

*',

to have ifitercourse-witfe; ijiitt^ani Doii'fojr -fiiyilvae,

iuun, pass, of /iiyvv/Lii, ,.-^>i7

^-

jt;p

i"

^^

..,',

-.''.,

,,

/ii:

161

, , ^,
, , ,,

KEY TO HOMER.

188

163

1.

f.

to deceive

active signification,

a lie, as here
formed as if

is

^'^,

deceive

sify, to frame

to be deceived

to see,

blind one

^,

or from

for icara(craa/, 2. sing. aor. 2. imper, of creofo*

is omitted poet, and the r

used before .
Olov, as whe7i,as soon as.
166
f.

same

1.

venerate, to adore, to reverence

,,

,'>9

as

also, to fear

68
16y

from

according to some, for

impious: according toothers, he scrupled
heart forbade the deed."
h'iivtii jamoH
jr^'ji'^-a
it

',

not

it is

<.i

to revere,

to

worship^

he

to

do

to

id.asJba^^

it,

coitsi-

,"

his

as

is necessacily-Milrftpped,

rays

dered

;>

by Sync,

the a

-;

with an

because all shun the deceitful and false ;

by Antiphrasis, because liars deceive and
to lessen, and
speak,
same as

to say.

167

also,

and, with a neuter signification, to falsvtj, tvov, part. aor. 1. mid.

,
,, , , ,
,
,
,
,
(>, ,
, ^, , ^
,
,
,
,, ,

or

163

^^^^-^^^ yv{i6/.lh-r:f

here, a letter,

a square board, a tahley a counter', sometimes, a,dish, a platter, Od. a. 141 ; sometimes, a pocket-hook, an index, a tablet, as here
a pine-tree, because they were genei^ly
from
K0, b,

made

of the

wood

wrap np.

^,
17(T

of that tree.

to

fold

'

'

, b

075.1

bv, folded, wrapped up: from

i^

/,

and

'

soul-destroying, deadlyi;^ei.tru(i{ivj^i,i^m

to corrupt, to destroy.

,Vi'v

.j^fhi

iSt

BVT

./

, , a wifVs father, a father-in-law pStnairw^epu^^gg^itj,

,,

a nwther-in-laiu ; from
grief, because fathers often
sorrow in heart, when giving away tlieir daughters in marriage, who
But
are thus separated from ihem.
,
denote, a husband' s father and mother. Vid. y. 172..
-,,;) <i)?lf)>//r7
sometimes,
171
t), mission, guidance, accompaniment;
Ion.
solemn spectacle similar to -a triumph : hence

leader, a conductor,

, ,

we
duct him, &c. and
Mercury's wand

179

'

"

tvill

give him

from

ho

shall con-

according to Eustathius, signifies.

,
,,,
,
,

it

,,

,,,
,
Dor.

,-/^

,
,
^
,,

a great or long mast.

191

'Ap-yei-

Mercury as a guide,

to send.

180
185
187

153,

r), the Chimara, a monster composed of three differ^

had the head and breast of a lion, breathing flames ;
the body of a she-goat ; and the tail of a dragoa from
^ b,
she -goat ; wl^^a kid born iji the winter ; whence xt/iatp^f<<je,3^j
winter.
comes from%i7ja,
v^^s-v^
insuperable, invincible ^ from
^ r), and -, ,
,
with a reduplication or eager for conuat, as if
a, priif. and
or
from
to make an onset, and a, intens.
tiyav
length: hence tVrog
Dor.
immense, from
:"

ent animals:
;

a guide,

vid.

,
:

.'jousn^.S

. 2Sl.

for covai, aor. 2. infin. of

here, to form, to frame, to devise. Vid.

'Hvg,

'

hom-ivQ^. Vid.

.-^^^,j=^

to enter, to uuderg<o,'

. 125.

, 893.

ILIAD '.

,
,
,,,
rotfal,

regal

18D

',

which, by an Ionic dialysis, becomes

^. a. 9.

401, from

assign, to apportion:

here,

. 696.
, aptace

,
,
,',,, ,

pi. aor.

Od.

Vid. 194

2.

planted with trees, a garden, a lAneyard ; 195

a pLnt, a tree.
202
8, b, a trodden path; v. 137,
retiring from the public road to yonder rising ground : sometimes, in-

from (pvTov,

,
'
,,
and Od.
yap

tercourse, resort, as here,

t.

',

'

119,

in

it

are innu-

nor does the resort of men drive them away : from

upon, to walk.
having golden reins; from
i^
ov,
, 205
a rein. All things held estimable, and relating
gold, and
thus,
'iir10 the gods, are, by Homer, styled golden
merable

tcild goats,

to tread

f.

7,

in

f.

358

,, ,,
.

470
611 ;

shame,

to

here

from

,'

",,

to

vid.

,
',,

',,

509

119

-j --

for

-.

215
from
Adv. formerly, of old.
rb, a gift given by a host or guest; 218
, a guests

,.

^.

for

let

us avoid

to require

209

^.141.
by Apostrophe for
Sync,
aspirate, and this, by an
in the same manner
vid.

as

which comes from

,
,
, , ,
, , ,,
,

to dishonour, to disgrace,

,, .
,
/3.

a, bv, old, ancient

for

1.

193

shame, disgrace

),

Keivia, id., from

778,

id.

398, &c.
make ashamed,

',
',

.
7]\,
.

219

on account of the following 223

for

89.

1 pi. pres. subj.

a pledge of faith

aor. 2. of

for KatetXtiieeiv,

. 238,

antl

mid. of

to

pledge one's

326
2SZ

faith ; but in the middle voice it signifies, to interchange pledges of

3 pi. aor. 1. mid. i. e.
faith, as here:
they gave mutual pledges

/" fa if , locking hand in hand; also,

confirm,

p. 286,

to give

confidence,

,,
^3; ,

grasping hand

faith.
with hand, they confirmed him by words: from
a, b ) r/, loonh nine beeves, i. e. worth nine pieces of

,,

coin stamped with the figure of an ox;

froin'

qf,

23G

and

"^

""^
^> ,,
449.
Vid.
tog, rb, 239
a companion, friend; mate, a citizen: from
a year, denoting those who are coeval, or of the same age ; or from
rb, manner, custom, common usage, denoting those who are
hence
a, b, a friend, as if
intimate with one another

nine.

,,

8, 6,

.,,
,
from

"

,
''

scrape,

,,

of polished stone

po/is/i.

a portico;

in this signification

hy scraping or rubbing

bv, scraped, pared, polished

, sunny
is

>

porticoes, built

derived from

243

'
> ,

KEY TO HOMER.

190

,
,,

as if

r/Xis,

avr^ TH

also the part. fern, of

is

form,

an

ov, built

,
,
1.

the sun

or via

men warm

part. perf. pass, of

,
8,
^'
;

101.

part, perf. pass, of

to
*''

to build, toforrh,

and by Sync,

perf.

'',

, .

mid.

perf.

Iv

themselves there

burn.

to

Vid. reruicrai,

prepare.

aor. 2.

^,

edifice

aor.

ov, constructed, built

to fabricate, to

245

warmed by

because in winter

the aor. 1. and perf. pass, are the

is the part, of
2,

only tenses in general use.

In .
to subdue, to tame ; from
id.
or it may be considered as the
part, of
perf. pass, by Sync, of
246
a spouse, a laufui wife : hence
and
to court, to propose marriage, to prepare nuptials ; which is from
(-;
to remember ; also,
go round, to be a mitor ; hence also,
, a suitor, Od. a, 91.
248
for
s, under the roof, lofty, high, as here
Eustaas upper chambers at the top of the
thius interprets
house, immediately under the roof: from
for
the roof of
a house ; which comes from
to cover.
Homer sometimes uses
to denote, the house, by Synech. as Od. a. 333.
251
s, b ic) t), bestowing mild things, mild, gentle ; it is in-

), , ,
-,

,,

~, ,

,,

,'.7,

terpreted,

,"

dren

253

,
;

to

address

', 7}

Trpq.a,

s,6

,',,

detestable,

i^ t),

odious;

,
/,-

259

as

Vid'.'ii',

',
,

,^.

Ion. and poet, for

to pour out in offering, to pour libations, to

libation of black wine, \.

7. 227,

mid.

for

like

'^, .

2 sing.

saci'ifice to

the

oTvov, pouring

Ion. and poet, for

591

fut. 1.

perf.

aor. 1. subj.

thou mayest be refreshed; Att. for ovrjaij, 2 sing, fut.^;

mid. oi

to

assist, to profit,

to be assisted, to

for

UiycQa, Med.

261

.--

having a hateful name, inauspicious, execrable,

i. e.
from
mu5\;;ii5to:
a name.

gods with wine and milk, and the

260

'
'
,
,
,
^
^^ ,
,
, ,
,
,
,
^
/.
,
', . , , ,,
and

258;

'.,

by Tmesis and Ion. for

by name, has the same signification

361.

255

, ,, ,

,, ,

hung."

'-,

using indulgence and mildness in the education of chila gift.

ov,
lov,
218, and
\
she clung; for
3 Srtli^.'
Ty
" on his kand^'me
ol
to adhere ; kv

from

aor. 2. of

for

poet,

of

//,

via,

'y,

6,

sing. aor. 2. subj. of

Ion.

pres. pass,

moil

h^V:

pres. pass, and' mid.

'

Dat. sing;

for

part, of the
-

is

pi^-

to enjoy, to receive b^tufif,

wearied. Ion.

imperf.

^y>>qi

on account of the metre,

(in the next line,) from

to increase, to promote,

perf.

i.

to serve

make gain,

perf.
-

used by the poets for

fut.

and

or

and

1.

to

be increased,

to

"

ILIAD '.

, ,
,
,
,;

cred

6,

,,

a'c'iiTO

morn had brightened

. 402,

me; 2

to

, unleashed

the ancients to

',

from a, priv. and

. 235, having unleashed feet.

hence

.,

pres. imper. of

34.

s, b

"

or,

the sa-

264

weaken the limbs ; from

265
render lame ; which comes from yvlov,

break the limbs, to

to

vid.

sing,

to enervate, to

1.

^,
,,,,

a, TO'

day increased,

into noon."

bring not

f.

the sacred

191

wash not only the hands but the

wash

to

266

was usual with

before they made

It

feet,

libations to the gods.

, sometimes, black, sable,

Kf

Hence

as here, and in a. 462.

an ^Ethiopian, because his face is black,

r),

',

from the heat of the sun.

ITy, here, without an interrogation, in any manner.
267
it is lawful ; for
it ivas lawful.
in the same manner,
AvOpov, 8, TO, gore, commingled dust and blood ; from
to loose, 268
of the blood which has proto untie, because gore is formed,
ceeded from loosened (i. e. burst or broken) veins.

,
^,
, ,

',

file, I.

ov, defiled

, \,

), , ,

to offer rows, to offer

a prayer

," ,, ,
,
",

up prayers

Bvsai, Dat. pi. of

poet,

,
.

part. perf. pass, of

100.

or supplications

,,,

poet, for

ing, a sacrifice; also, perfume, incense

iwm.

I should think, " methinks,"

,
/, ,

from

hence

"

1 sing. pres.

r/,

unpleasant, displeasing, disagreeable, ungrateful

, i4., 4 * 354, from a, priv, eoad

.,-'>.
','.' --

to

'"

please, to delight.

, incensef

timed,

i^j

fragrant ; from
;
from

many -coloured

to

bum.

sailing over

by Apocope

it

289

'
'

some consider

for

288

''

various, diversified, of difi'erent colours.

others,

275
281
285

or aor. 2. opt. of

,
,
,
,,
.
,
,
,
.
,, ,' ,,,,
^ ,
,
s,o ^

also,

270

offer-

.
,
,
:

Ion. for liptvffftv, fut. 1. infin. of

Ohthat!

<.

a victim, em

Srvot, to sacrifice

fragrant with incense.

to sacrifice

to de-

as formed from

291

292

ocbv, supply

renowned father, nobly born ; from

which comes from
an ornament or dress, varied with colours; from 294
variegate, to diversify ; which comes from
ov.
Ion.
a priestess ; from
but
, 300
/. : .; ,>
sheep offered in sacrifice,
lioving a

,,

ov

^, , ,
,.
to

159,

>

,,

vvati

iv

-, ,

prayers in the temples

cry out,

to

6, id.,

houd

the voice of women offering tip

or simply, wailing, lamentation : also,

from
Od.
450,
formed by onomatopoe'ia.

301

Eustath.

Cj t),

to bewail

'

ciamorously , to

the city's defender or shield

from

305

,
,
,
.
*,
,
.
,
,
, ,
,
,,.
KEY TO HOMER.

192
to

draw,

guard,

to

It

306

break

f,

comply loith.
AvXr),
316

317
320

may

poet, for

i)

an

be interpreted, city-destroyer ;

also

for

as well as

signifies

^11

and

defend,

to

epithet of Pallas.

2 sing.

.,

aor. 1. imper. of

to refuse, to

or

deny; hut

to assent, to

\^id. L 433.
governs a Gen. or Dat.
6, the ring, hoop, or binding, by the firm embrace of
which the head of a spear is fastened to its shaft ; from
s, 6,
a fishing net made of osiers ; in general, any thing of a circular form ;
r/,

may

here denote, a dome.

near ;

poet, for

it

which comes from

",

or

.'

or

',

manage, to take care of, to attend to, is written by some

with a smooth breathing ; but its compounds,
&c. prove that,
in this signification, it should be written with an aspirate

321

to

,,

(says Eustath.)

e.

i.

It also signifies, to follow, to accompany, but in this sense the middle

(with the smooth
form,
is more frequently used.
breathing,) to say, to tell.
the
to handle, to touch, to finger over: from
322
poet, for
touch ; which comes from
to touch ;
signifies, to dry, to parch, to buiii.
But
a female servant, a handmaid ; from
,
323

, ,,, ,

., ,
^,

,,

- .
,
,
man-servant, a male attendant

333,

same as

and

also

Adj.

also

Th.

tame, to subdue, to bring under subjection.

326

,
,

(neut. pi. taken adverbially,) here, opportunely

".
'^,

ill-timed.

Yid.

329
/3.

331

.
,

perf.

410.
mid. of

93.

f.

Vid."Av, forava, . 268.

1.
and ^ol.

^,

to

to

burn around ; from

,
,

to

warm,

warm

,,

^,, same as

servile.

to heat

Od.

to be

507,
Ulysses drew
sumhis seat nearer to the fire, to warm himself: from
mer,
151, hai-vest-time ; but some derive the substantive from the
Also
. 348, and
verb, because the heat is then greatest.
icarm,
426,
Od. t. 376, to warm; from
but
in Od. p. 23,
which comes from the perf. pass, of

warmed,

to be

,,

burned, as here, or

to

...

336

.,.

to

^ but here
339

poet, for

turn

, indignation.

r;,MV

''

'*

tf>

^'.<

',

befoi'e^^one^to drive fm-ward

another; sometimes,

t jihternatei^to

to

change: from

Vid.

'

it signifies, te^yield:

'$^'0

one

2 sing. aor. 2.

here, to attend, to give heed;

Vid. a '76.

223.

r.

,,

, ^, ,

/6,

/3.

as in

, ,,
,
,
,. ,
'

grow warm.

imper. mid.

335

one's-self:

^',

334

to

also, to encourage;

aor. 2. infin. mid.-

on turns, tegofrmi

, >6.

<iclt

or

^,

ILIAD '.
perf. iiflid.

'

id.

>^/tot6a,

'

changes sides."

193
"victory

oft

, ,

togOiUyn P;
S'lt^L, to go after; from
341
to rage, 346
a tempest, hurricane,, whirlmnd from
a raging storm ; or, from
and deWa, a storm, as it
to rvh impetuously, and nXsco, as if denoting the impetuous rush
of whirling winds.
It is used Metaphi'u Odu ^>@8^\'9'lpoj^'^-ooy ^<>

7;, , ,

3,

,
,

).

(;

, /,

'ifin?

make

, .

without an augment

Avhich they say

^.

is

compound

for

I.

lo

Lean

but others form

and
and

this for

n:>!il.-

i'li)

3 sing. aor. 1. Vid. 343

compounded of
whose fut. 1. .'Eol.

destroy,

to

Vlt

^ ..vifT^ lot .tJOfj ,jBj-{v.'H"

oi b'^noigjii ^i i'X7s

from

it

to corrupt,

(,

P!ti

had overwhelmed

poet, for

Some deduce

283.

aor. 1.

the blast of pernicious fire.

.paj^t. furesx^iT

for

<^i

and

is

), and
from ippw,

it

finally,

others

According to the latter, the

from liquids poured on the
is taken Metaphorically
is applied to things whieh
ground, vhich cannot be recovered
perish
is also the command given to one whose presence is
and
bateful, and whose instant departure is required, as in . 164
tcho comes inauspiciousLy and with an evil fate, as in
;j^ is said
. 239 ; or, mkowalMwith dificuity, aJi421, speakingOf the limping
''-'
,^.Vi\uvV;'w,s - .v.. r^M' ss
y>^EliW\>^
to frame, to plot, to determine, as here, and in 77. 70
349
accomplish, to fulfil, to bring to an end ; also, to predict,
sometimes,
a
Wgnification

of

.:

,
',,

.^

^^,)^^^,

toforetel, to presage, to conjecture

tfiifi.signs

hence

.,
TO,

an end,

iduit

ivill be.

j),

"

Qk

the,

xiil

jm

.'

<(,2

H,

i^
)

on mankind,

i.

sing. perf.

to

^,

an unfavourable 358

Hymn

as in the

to be for ever celebrated:

which comes from

356

also, the goddess

500.

celebrated in song, either in

or as subject of praise,

{$^

=>S'tA'

:'^^\''th\(^\,'^l!'nf

to attack

353

.t-G .[\

injury, detriment, crime, destruction

a song, singing

O'i, icho,

iS

go around,

299,

,,

a. 526.

tppkvag.

fi.

to

infiicis all misforttines

sense, (as here,

ver.

Vid.

\\^,
", ^

^'

',

',

shew hy cersignifies,
undoubted sign; from

that he shall find the fruita;.^^^ Ikhx^A* mid. of

'

who

, an

result, final issue; also, a sign, token, portent, intimation

end

tlie

ov,

sing

to Apollo,
from

that we should be the burthens of an endless song.'^

Nom. pi. of
Nom. pi. of o,

/,

i),

362

o.

'^^i

<n

,\^,

.3

,i>vn\

Oi, to ones-self, Dat. sing, of dren. J, DatVoi^ Aee. t.

ciA
Qi, Kay. alas! .-w.-iuyM ,\\ ,iKv>>, ,\\^\ ret .Jaoq ,'>>-d'3Jv\?.V1
i^^ 367,
returning ; from
birs,
the J^
and its compounds
to' place near ; but
signi
aor. 2. and perf. have a neuter signification ; so that
by .F"
fies, stood near.
also occurs for

^,

nasm

of

t.

^,

,,

', -.

*&
m

'

,
',
,
^,
],
,
,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

194

to bewail,

to flow, to

Adv.

374
376
373

witliin

', alas!

, Prep,

goto

to

from

in,

brothers wife; formed

rest,

svvanjp, united, by
yvvaiKfg

if

Sfi

,,

ai

co-

Xag, as Helen and Andromache.

locks of hair,
) r), having beautiful ringlets
&\s>o, fair-haired : from
, 6, a lock
of hair, a ringlet, interworen lochs, braided hair, . 176. Also

',

,,

,
,,
,.

,
,
,
,, ,

and
interweaving; which comes from
/,

'

,
,,

381

394

-, id.

^')M \"

;;:

8, b, Folydorus,

v.

'j-

an

rf,

to braid, to

weave';

._

j.

,
,
awvtjui

<^

./.'Vi-I:'

,, ,

, bestowing vmny^

; from
a proper name,'

'}M)rtiourich-endowed, as here

pkit,

female' steward, a household's governess i^r^^^ra'

,
,
,
*, , ,

from

119.
Vid. . 321.

sedulous.

A^id. ^, 84.

a, b.

also, to flow

supply

sister-in-laiv,

down,

to lie

380

from

habiting

weep, to lament

to

pour, to drop.

things, bringing' a

. 407,

and

gift.

,;

Pl}^dora,.\^[^.'l\r|^ypRa\Tlo\v:'^'^^'t'r\^

b Kj y, infantine in mind, having'' tWMi^Meas,

from a. priv.
to hear, to endure,
evb^, r),
Xbv, tender, young, juvenile.
the mind ; or rather from
b, Astyanax, the name of Hector's son, signify403
and
b,
ing, " the chief of the city ;" from
^
hpca-use Hector was the chief of the Trojan city, and alone defended
^.(,,
" Hector's arm aloneiv^fife
it, as Homer adds in the following words
5./ ,'>,:'
p^^i^ j^l^e defence and strength of Troy."
408
, b , r), destiinie, having no share in the watel'S of the
489 also, unhappy miserable, hapless,
ocean 7iot setting,
f i^^.
a part, pm-tion ; frequently,
as here
from a, priv. and
fit afataipoi:tSon,^fate ; sometimes, i/eai/i : the jw is doubled poetically.

,40
\'^<^

very tender

/,

,
, .,:

,
,
,,
,
;

,, ,
,

409
411

by Ion. dialysis for

to wander from, to

to cherish, to

414
418

3 pi. fut. 2. of

,, ,
, ,, . <<, ,
,' ,^ ' , '',
ov, part. aor. 2.

.412

,,

,,

be deprived of, to be bereft

cherishing; comfort, joy, pleasm-e; from

imrm, which

is

formed as

Koiik

if

(oT

"ic

of the fut. 1. being omitted

^,
^,

Ion.

{&'<,

1 .^ioy ioi

pkmtj

^ia<*>3l'*!ivT
-^,

an elm, as

>

hence

;)<

^,

, ,
infin. aor. 1* id. ib.

toheg^t,

feonor ^vui,

.0"'.
if

the OreadeSf

V'

/aS^

'^vsr,

ftfeiW, jfetti ^1

aOr. 1.

(the character-

aor. 1.

aor. 1.

,::.-;'.%

:,-s-s^^^

from
3 sing. aor. 1 of
(of a similar formation are
aor. 1.

pr

408.

.to

'"^

''

,:

Va

pi-oiauc&i>^fb'

from

mountain-nymphs

tj^i^S^/eind

from

.:<:--

-^

"

a Uaf.

',

tog, r^.

ILIAD '.

, .
,
,
,

, ,,
,

aione, one ; from

la,

and

ourishing

phan

422

'

bfecause

from 424

^^
"^'

re^

sometimes, youthful; also, tender; 430

bv, of or belonging to a ward, pertaining to an orbv, in an orphan state, an

432

,. ,

sometimes the same as

oxea are styled

one.

turning and bending the feet in walking

i],

3', toourish.

from

1S5

i. e. deprived of one or both parents, bereft, left alone, destitute:

for
or as
is one kv
from op<pvbg, i. e.
alone, and
from
to appear ; for an orphan
if
is one
)
to contend, 433
toild fig-tree ; anb
, , , fig-tree,
as that part of the city walls, where the iig-trees grew, was most liable
rf 'Epivebg,
to asiiault ; or, according to Strabo,

orphan,

,
,,

p^vb,

,,' ',,
,
,
,',
,

level, fiat

icf

and
easy of ascent, scaleahle ; from
easy of access, accessible, exposed to incursions^

y),

i^f

a, b

,
,
.

r/,

from
an incursion ; which comes from
run over ; as
forms its perf. mid.
and
from
i^, &e. Vid.
146.
436

to

aor. 2. act.

',

438
442

whether.

here, I dread, I fear.

robe

from

i^

Ion.

,
,
,

to drato.

443
444

, b, practised in ike ashen

449

shun; from

id.

2. Ion. for

1 sin. aor.

,
,
,
,,
,
,

sing, of

from
and
compel, to force ; from a, priv.

hence

,
to

a, b Kf

r),

),

an

ash-tree.

vo,villing, 458

constrained, ^nwiling.

privation, bereavement,

want,

from

"

being doubled poet.

to

loluntary

Gen.

',

and

I have learned;

,
, ,,

spear

,,
/;,

train-sweeping, wearing a long-flowing

i],

ov, b,

to avoid, to

.',
ISlc'iOov,

want

from

to want':

servile, slavish

s, b, a servant,

from

, ,

,
,
^
,
,
'
,
,
, bv, poured, heaped

graves, with which the corps

over the grave

from

to

is

earth thrown out of the dug

mound of earth

afterwards covered, a

pour out,

form,

to

spread earth xipon, or

hume, as in

. 256,

by Sync,

from
i.

,^^^

for

'

'

fusil earth, to

e. to

hwry,

to in-

and 04.-yi^dd,i >^

-^

which

is

.".^

..>>.

i>'i;^y^i

Boeot. for

, ,

Some
perf. ind. of
vid. a. 56.
which, by Pleonasm of ,
as poet, foiof
or
and this by an Att. Sync, for
from
the latter for
which the former is Ion. for
vid.
102. The oblique cases
(as cirrewcfrom
via,

b,

part, of

463

to fail.

slave.

consider

434

'}

464

KEY TO

,196

,.

of this participle,

sometimes with

^
,
,
^. ,

474

II

and

^,

3 sing. aor.

to shake, to toss

477

hence

7(7.

1.

56.
to he pregnant

also-, tc hiss,

to

/y ?),

to kiss, in

430

8,

gore

dandle.

484

to vibrate,

aev, goiy,
f.

1.

bloody, blood-stained

Od.

But

blood-stained arinL

which comes from

),
.

from

to dejile tvith gore,

41,

r),

i^j

Q, 6, a mortal.

sv, weeping, shedding tears

neut. sing.
taken adverbiaily, with mingling tears; or
sc.
with a tearful smile, i. e. the prodominant character cf the
smile was melancholy.
:

Nofw,

486

f.

here, to regard, to perceive.

1.

to ajflict

Ion. for

Also
same

with sorrow

signification as

2 sing, imper. pass.

with an Attic reduplication.
or
179, have the

,,

from
207, and

({.

,
,

,
,,
,
\''/', , ov,
,

488
491

for

dista^' ; in the

wrapped round
or rather from

threads, reeled yarn, wool

to agitate, to

ply

from

to

to

as

to

turn

turn back,

warp: from

wander,

back ; from
Iv
repaired, but oft turn'd us she went."
hastened ; 3 sing. aor. 1. mid. of
505
bv, standing, standing long ;
506

496

a spindle,

pi.

the distaff",

dering.

to look

go round wan-

',
to

"

to her

same
home

,
,
,
,
,,
',
,
,
,-, ,
,
', ,
,
, '. ,
oJ.

", ,

harse.

,,
507

Hence

f.

to

1.

feed on barley,

to be fattened

from

^,

barley.

to strike

for

, splendid,
formed as

if

from

with the feet,

to

stamp, to prance

to beat, to knock.

//, and Ion.

which comes from
y ''tC

splendour, beauty

from

splendour, ornament

'

that with which any one

is

';

is

adorned;

because splendid things sparkle, and seem

or

to shoot forth.
-

a stalled

to stand.

skittishly, as here

",

,,

properly, haunts, well

pi.
//,)
a tisual place, places often frequented ; also, a duelling,
in the singular, disposition, bent or turn of
hiansion, abode : but
manner, custom.
mind, genious, habit, custom: from

known

513

to

very becoming, illustrious: from aoi, intens.

hence /Sporow,

human, mortal

511

. 478,

,
,
,
,
6,,
',
,,', .,, ,,
, , ., ,
aiid

510

as here

oj,

Od. d. 522.
without the augment, from

but here,

are formed sometimes wi'h

),

1.

f.

as here

caress:

Od.

o, as in

liOMETl.

(contr.

s?ats,

', , ,

from
e, 6 ^)
bed, because the sun rouses one from bed ; or because
e.
In Od. . 73,
amber.
i..

the siin

wanting a

it

is

itself

,, . ,
/ , , ^ .,
, , ,
ILIAD '.

Kay

to

',

laugh ahud,

to exult,

1S7

from Kay

to boast;

to talk

514

manner Kith women, 515

7/, . 327,

chat in a trJfling

properly,

or to speak familiarly , as with one's wife; from oap,

id.

poet, for

',

ifife.

a term of address used by a junior to his senior, as a mark 518

most venerable ! from
by Pleonasm
most noble !
In Od. '. 147,
for ]3{.
Paris here addresses Hector with this epithet,
but I call him divine.
avdpa,
as being
oppor- 519
neut. sing, taken adverbially for

^,

of respect,
of jj, as

tunelii, fitlu, conveniently

from

signification similarly as its primitive

ting

from

also, fatal, portending xchat

') ,

i^

is

fatal;

\%,

office,

;ui ,;ty ,\s

i)

,\

or vocation.

.on

lass ,\

^!m.S

^x

'
;

'

'

<y\

,,

VMi^i\

.^'.^^

its

justly estima-

acting becomingly

an

), fats, destiny, one's part, poi-tion,

t]g,

(which varies

),

fit, suitable,

\>-.?:

:5;/'

KEY TO HOMER.

1.98

ILIAD

,
,

,, ,

,,

,
,
,

vid.

y, a gate.

to go.

560.

,
.
,
,
,, ,
),

e,

club-bearing, one ivho fights with a club

a club, a knobbed

stick, in

from

141.

1.

30, a species of helmet having a pro), here, and

tuberance, a morion; also, any eminence, as in v. 138,
arespeaking of the summit or top of a mountain.
ViJ. t. 739.
J
tvov, which is poet, for

12

Ion. for
Gen. pi. of
3 sing, imperf. Ion. for tme, from

,
],

2
5
9

H'.

,,

^,
/^,

21

from

22

',

from

tTrt

down from ; compounded of

looking

26

, ',

and

it,

to see.

', ,

they joined, they met

for

mounting

dxi.aiOY. 2. oi

id,

t),

dubious, doubtful; as

if,

',

of doubtful strength

because
given to the strong
and alternately
or because
povi^er semetimes to one, sometimes to another party
from

victory

is

styled

, , , ,, ,
,, .
^,
.
,
,,
,
:

r),

strength.

and Att.

this

which

<po^ hereafter, afteru-ards

32

vid.

dost thou wish

also, her oivn

was lauful; sometimes for

singly, alone

plunder,

to destroy uttei ly

ceive, to

understand, as here

3 sing.

perf.

it teas,

<.

for

singly with one.

same as

from

mid. of

and sometimes

ancl also for

for

to place together

later.

349.

whom;

wilt thou

if;

Adv.

44

the day,

53.

aor. 2. infin. of

',
'<^,
',

41

,,

from

gives

,,, .
, , ,

",

it

45

to overturn, to lay icaste, to

poet, for

36
39

day

.
from ''^,

vid.

it

is

\, ,

30

it

to

',

covenant

Ion. for

also, to per-

3 sing.

or. 2. ind.

poet, for

conir, (or

Dat.

pi. part.

ILIAD '.

,, , ,, .
', ],,
,
,
,,, , .
, ,, ,,,
,
,
.
,
,, ,
{
,),
,
pres.

199

to consult , to deliberate, to

frame counsel

from

counsei.

back; from
a vulture, but by some inter-

65
59

to go.
2 and 3 sing, imper. of
long-pointed ; from }),
eoQ, 6
and
id.
'//, a point of a weapon, and
which comes from
3 pi. subj. aor. 2. act. by an Attic reduplication from
here, to make participant to give a share, to apportion : perf.
act.
perf. pass.
perf. mid.
glory, honour, subject of exultation, ; from ;^?},

75

an

'

preied,

to restrain, to press

,,

same as

eagle.

. 137.

vid. tiarai,

",

i?j

61

77

80

ijc,

,,

a prayer, a vow.

',

and

-, and

pend
poet, for
haps (says Harm.) from
:

which

hang tip, to susformed perto make one hang

83

funeral obse-

85

to

contr. for

the head

as

if,

81

by the head.

and

quies

, ,.

from

bury,

to

,
,
,,,, ,
to perish.

fut.

2.

mid. of

they were ashamed, they blushed

from

foT

86"

464.

vid.

3 sing, of

',
^,

to perforin

obsequies;

pi. aor. 1. pass.

<

>

91

Bceot.

93

to destroy

to refuse, to reject ; avyvaaOai, infin. aor. 1. mid.

it is
put absolutely, but sometimes with an infin., as in . 500,
sometimes with an Ace. of the person,
repudiate, to slight, to despise: from a, priv. (with
interposed) and

in general

alvQQ, ov, b, an assenting, praise.

-,

, hv,

95

,
', , , , ,
\, , ,
,
,,,
,,
^,
,
,
, ',

96

and

to

groan,

to sigh

deeply

from

narnnv.

,,

a threatener, a boaster, as here

of which the

from
to threaten, to boast.
grievously xvith an evil fate ;
exceedingly
97
,
grievously: vid.
a. 414, and
158.
madness, frenzy ; from
) , 110
which comes from a, priv. and
, the mind.
f. 1.
with a Dat. to meet, to oppose, S^ 342.
114
fern,

, .

^,

intrepid; poet, for

423

for

which

from a, priv. and

Also,
fear.
asifofro, one who cannot be kept w*ith in bounds

occurs in
117
impudent,

from

bind.

,
,
-,
,
8,

labour,

toil, loar, battle,

or

a,

Also,

^,

fight, tumult

;
from
engaged and opposed
v. 237.
insatiable; from a, priv. and
(from a, priv. and

(says Harm.) because in battle united valour

to itself; thus Homer speaks of
to satiate, to fill.

to

is

to sweep out, to brush, to clean,^ unsuept, neglected, unadorned.

Adv. uiUingly, gladly; from

tov, desira-

113

.^
', ^,

488, which comes from

receive in a friendly way.
In Od. . 397,

120
125

131

133
138

143

KEY TO HOMER.

200

ble^ agreeable,

^^^,

embrace, ta

to

, bv,

^, ,

whidh is for
, a brother.
a steed-driver, a horseman, a charioteer ; from
a road for horses
s, 6, and
hence
or chariots, in 1. 340, and
sell,
a spacious place
which will admit horses to be driven in it.
measure, melody,
eoc,
a member, a limb, as here ; also,
tune, verse, a song.
I were young ; 1 sing. pres. optat. act. of r
a surname, an appellation; frcrn
to
give a name to ; which comes from
, , Corynetes, i. e. the dab-bearer.
f^ i), having
a,
for
which is for
a narrow passage, confined ; from
//, bv, narrow, strait, and
ijg,
in a narrow pass.
a hole:
for

',

s,

,,

,
,
.
, , ,,
,
,

',

/.

,,

,
,
,
,,
, ,,:.
.
',
,,
'^,
,

144

, ov,

to lend, to assist.

stealing on, coming on secretly

from

'

and

\\L

aor. 2.

1.

f.

-,

to fasten

from

pierce, as here;

part, of

part. aor. 2. mid.

aor. 2. as if from,

clasp ; also, to tranwith a buckle

a buckle, a clasp; which comes

,,

from

to be fixed

on the ground.

146

f.

',

.,

3 sing.

fix, to fasten, to render firm

one of his arms

to strip

to

upon,

to lie

also, to slay;

from

to lean

mid.,

,
,
.
,, , ,
,,
,
^,
,.
^,
,
, ,
y'ld.

151

to

a. \9l.

,,

,^

tremble; from

Th.

comes from

6,

to bear, to suffer,, to, un-d^rgQ

or

f.

formed by Sync, from

, ov,

155

which

rb

is

306,

1.

2<,

vhich

surpassing in height
into, ^,

poppy.

with patience and cou-

;,,^,

aor. 2.

perf,

id.

apb, compar.

by changing a

, .

a tremor, fear

id.

rage, to dare, to be undaunted;

>

from

length

from which
.;Eg,t^thi5 deduces

and

.,*j^.vj

^.aVj Mi:^

7^

>

extended, stretched out, projecting, but pro-

was the leading horse
perly an epithet of a yoked horse ; for
of a chariot, sc. the third running a-head of the two which were immer), the outer rein, the
diately under the chariot ; hence

Uapyopo,

156

,
/, ,
,7^, ,

off-rein; Trapyopiai, the reins of the off or leading horse, 0. 87, from
io connect, to bind:
to bind together; which comes from

aor. 1. pass, of

and

,
-

avail; here, to keep off: as

useful; which comes from

to assist, to aid, to benefit, to

from

li

same as

,,

'irapyopog

in length.

Thus

in

',

i,

. 603,

e,

'

minded nor foolish, neither inconsiderate nor

light,

where

stretched out

7)

neither light-

ha*

ILIAD

,,

a Metaphorical reference to

20t

II'.

not fmiily

but
152v
16
, an attendant, follower, companion ; from
to follow, to pursue, to accompany, to afford, to give; hence
184, and 07//0, , , same as
in the Hymn to Merc. 449.
2 pi. perf. imperat. pass, of
to appoint by 171
lot ; from
lot ; also,
shaking
from
to shake.
e, ,
same as
to stretch out, to hold underneath ; from 188
oii8

i>artd6ring occasiottalty ft-bm

.',

'

Ciw.

.:".'

--'

^-

)' vid.

,r

>^_

','.:.'

J.

.'

.'',

tinskilUd,rude

ignoraitt,

kj /,

(,

'

Ion. for roa^aj'',

'-'^'

'-'

aoi'.'2. hifiri.bf

from

'>':'

'

^^,'

"^>

aor.2. infin. mid. oi capia.

^-

^.

'''

.:'"'

-'

^^

prir.'and 198

j/rjr,

'''

'[

.:

199

'

^"'- --^'-

and poet,
same as ^,'": to' smite*?* ueiBiowjr.
''^^,
" dilating with a smile his features terrible.*' '*'

Metctai-r,

196

'

-;^

.';7, ico:,
to know.

)-"

'

^^,^')
>''

1 pi. perf. mid. of

to fear.
away, shall r^nove; S sing. Tpres. subj. mid. of 197

shall drive

,
',
,

^^,
/,

243.
Auciuiv, for

1.

^,

Adv. openly, aloud; from

'AjUoaoi'i/r,

,,

icj

-,,

.
'

VM.

it."

his purpose,

-fixed in

*,

^
,

203
212

'''

^,
&,
,.'

p, pov, terrible in aspect, fierce-looking; ivam'&dhia, t9i,

draw, to contract, as if
'In'
iieffi36,
,'.' ^v.
;.
j. ';
oj ox>
.
scowling. Th.

6.

Dat.

of

pi.

'

8,

the face] visage:

rb,

,,
,
.

')&',''}

lipocwxam, by Metaplasitt for

features.

is for

the

IsepOe, belaic, beneath :

when a vowel follows,
535 ;
hence viurtgoQ, lower, 0.-225, by Aphaeresis oft, for
tvtpOtv,
from {"pa, the earth; as if tv ipa, in the earth; hehoe jyip-

--

,,

pot, tht dead, the

makes.

'.'

'

'\

>'

'v

J.

>

->

i/.

applied to a certain disease or vice which affects figs^id he attacked tcith the cradaiio ; also, to brandish, to shake :
from
r), a branch ; also, a leaf: hence, because it is the
nature Of leaves to be shaken and agitated by every breeze,
obtains the latter significations.
From
is formed
properly

is

,
,
,
,

.'&,

and

id.

from

make a

s,

the

/,

noise

to palpitate

']/'

504,

'

1.

f.

so as to

v.

from

a,

a trodden path

l3 after

infinitive.

"-,

,-,

sometimes, to fly through fear

from
to tremble.
near, close ; irom
id.

f.

1.

completely terrified

,,

a, oic)

if

rb,

216

,.,

it

generally

217

properly, to be

.219

one ivho cuts hides for his own particular pur-

poses, a leather-cutter, a cobbler

,
-

hence

teeth.

it fin

(which, as

a crush attended with noise, v. 283,

gnashing of

,
,

or beat violently, to knock, to strike

frequently signifies, to be able, as here, and then

as

,) and

comes from
same as
a,

',

from
o,

a house.

213

rb, a skin, a hide,

221


302

KEY TO HOMER.

'/,

Ion. for

',

here, ohjKeg means certain

;
mules to the yoke, or throupfh which
which guided the mules, were drawn
f/
6,

the helm

, , ,
,
^
, ,)

rings, either for connecting tlie

the reins,

(guiding,

272

'piloiing,')

'

r/

' ,-

Eustath.

r'jviat.

Kpticog, 8, , a ring; by Ptletathesis for

a circle, any circular space ; the circus; a hawk, probably from its circular motion in
the air, p. 757.
Sk
r.
ck
r,

iVopa ttaXov.

Schol.

E'-Ojp, (or rather

for
an iron bar or peg fixed
through the extremity of the pole of the chariot, which, by m^atis of a
ring inserted on each side, faatened it to the yoke ; a ring-bolt ;

'

27
277

.
,
,
"
/ ',^ , , , -.
.
,

vehicle

, formed

drawn by mules,

for the yoke;

.
,
,
,
, ,, ,
,,

Tf

'.'

Schol.

wain,

),

'\),

*'

kj

-from
and
for labour ;" 6
signifies, a maker of armour,
8, TO, a basin for the hands ;
vcwp'

Some

Schol.

,
*'

o04

S,

and

from

316

hom

), bv, dark, black;

it is

*'

a characteristic epithet of a bird called

translate

,,
-,"

Schol.

347

Here
which inha-

,"

id, qu.

34B

354
-'365

,
'/,
8,

down

one in the bloom of youth

,
,
^
..,

prudent;
'

...,.:

ie, 6

n^,

40L)

409

drawing

MeXiiTi, limb by limb

also, a song.

420

foi?

from

whom

^(9^

,,''

,,,
;

no agreement can

lots.

the lot fell to vie,

. ,
,

a member of the body

453

unknown

Schol.

Vid. ^. 141.
a verb properly applied to

to Achilles.

a pale, an upright stake

stands stationary and erect.

to pollute.

are closed; perf. act. o{

''^

yap

o-kpa

and here,

,', .

the closing, of the lips or mouth /sometimes also, to the eyes

to wounds, from their similarity to the mouth.

434

Th.

he has exposed.

pa, ^i)v, polluted.

Mvvy

'i

lot

, prudence.

the

id.

vibrate

I obtained by

from

,., ,

from

among them ;
;.\&, to dra\c

lots

Th.

Schol.

, ^

I trould ward off; from

in some sort, in some respect.

,.'

implacable, one with

he rnade. Th.ap(i>,tofit.

371
373

to geese

Just, observant of the requisites of justice

and
to preserve, to observe.

the chin, the beard.

7], ,

first

darkness.

and is very destructive

thickets, valleys, and lakes
whence Aristotle, in his History of Animals, styles it, "
Arist. Hist, Anim, 9, 32.
bit^s

it.

Eustath.

j)re}xired

becausie

i^

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, , , ,,.
.

ILIAD '.

'^, ,
,

to

bolt,

Th.

Schol.

.
peg,

fastening

ry

shut, iraperf. Ion. (or

67re^ttX\c-

of

rush against, to dash against ; or from

befm-e, in the presence of.
here, in this place.

for

was delighted

%, ,

;hy

Ion. reduplication for trrtpTffro

zxL

456

id.

164

470
51.'{

from

have decreed

the threads
the destiny

of human life;
of human life

ticular

mid. of

aor.

them

to attach

from
:
hence one of the Fates

, ., ,
,
to destine;

life,

to

is

8,

"

'

,. ,

the Scholiast) take

,, ,
,,
^, .
.
,
,
,
,
,
Th.

j3,

Some

time.

to

may

and

cat

signify

it

food. We
or perhaps, in re-

hunger equal

to that.

to be ornamented,
adorn. Vid.
530.

',

conceive this word to signify, unthotight

disregarded, unregretted; from

to

intens.

altogether, untimely; here, one who falls

6 i^
one who suffers a preinature death : from
and
and
unseasonable, untimely, premature.

is,

Th.

*';^

Some (concludes

Schol.

ct of eating ; which comes from

ference to its proper acceptation, it
tf an ox ; deriving it therefore from

ptof, id. qu.

of

'

" '^ }
.-

i^

in the sense of commiseration.

52.'

whose par-

called

,;

524

to decide

to spin, to spin the tliread

is

'

calamity;

before his time

apply

a tub, a vessel of capacity. Th. kivbt, to diHnl.

527
for
gen. plur. of
6^
good. Vid. a. 393. 528
excessive hunger ; but here it signifies, any great 532

<?,

to

each individual

to hold the distaff.

duty

Th.

here, use, advantage.

for

to be

of,

care.

furnished, io bt

*.

Hke

/,

550
551

inessiki iuiilKi

you

you

will avail nothing.

will have suffered

540

by an

ii^ol.

Paragoge,

for

2 aor. subj. of

may you enjoy ;

Th.

opt. pres.

to enjoy.

556

move with a lever ; here simply, to draiv back the 56'7

bolts or fastenings of the camp. Th.
6, a lever. Vid.

-;--'
448.
she compared herself, she equalled herself^, imperil mid. 607
to
a poet, verb derived from
of
*//
Vid. ft. 435.
danced, led companies of dancers; from
An 616
to

,,

",

,
,

vi

dawn.

.
,

impetumty

>, ,

white, of a white texture ; from

'bv, 621
weave ; hence also,
vid.
50, splendid,
they were delighted ; 2 2iOT. -piLSS. Ion. oi
633
to sleep, to retire to rent, to lie
here, to send to bed;
s, 6

',
,

n:hite,

Th.

'

el^tipaW.'h.
-

obsolete verb signifying, to be shaken, to be boi^ne ivith

Jiere, to dance.

'

and

i^ r),

to

'':

^-^-^^V^ ^

..i"^v

,
^,
,

KEY TO HOMER.

304
647

,, , ,
to

648

ter to, to serve.

701

sedulously attending

,^,

from

from ^alV,

'

,
, ,,
s, 6,

',
',

\.

minis'

tvhose

arrb r Iv

drei
grief, lamentation, funeral dirge;
;

), id.

to hasten, to

vocal, loud-sounding, shrill-voiced

cry aloud through the city

it is to

721

a tarch, alight, a lamp

burn.

duty

Schol.

,
.,
3'pavtn>

VHV.

,
,
,
,
,
, ,

guard, to defend, id. qu.

730
or
put, by reason of the following aspirate, for
,752
he sold ; imperf.
and that Ion. for
Vid. . 292.
inaccessible, having no ports ; from a,
753
to

,',.
,

and

755

to

757

by Epenthesis

drag;

imperf. Th.

id.

8,

a^

>

for

y, recently slain, recent in general

from

tpao),

to hill.

765
767
771

785

?),

,
^,

^ ,.
light,

798

bv, twentieth. Th.

twenty.

Vid. t. 643.
ov , admonishing ; from

cruel, ignominious.

to speak.

8,

//,

bringing ligkiHo mortals

6^ a mortal.

"'-

to strew over, to cover

o^

from

<^'iOV/ uuii

^
poet, for

{rom.jf.'^gfiyiftifd.

,,^',
bimiv

ADVERTISEMENT.

The young
fails to

student

is

meet any word in

requested to consult
its

proper place

observed throughout this work, to

make

for

tlie

Index whenever he

it

has been uniformly

as few repetitions as possible

of the same word; in consequence of which, any expression not found

in that part of the Clavis correspondent to

be presumed

to

its

have occurred before, which

place in the text, must

may

be ascertained, as

already recommended, by reference to the Index,

22

.,

INDEX.

INDEX.

IJiDEX.

INDEX.
f^/.

vi

^
,

INDEX.

538,

avSpla

'
,
,

. 7
. 234

. 34, 276

/3.

467
501
227
213
250
89
291

291,

300

276,

i3.

.
t.

^,.^

,
,
'^

.^-',

,^^),
^^

^
.

, ()

.^^'}

ib.
:.

.
.

-'

^^^
~-]

422
80
266

58, 191

^yQavopiio

QQavra

242
. 55
. 882
34
. 572
355
. 301
. 481
7. 224
. 256
. 355
85
. 533
. 63
. 35
27
450, 573
. 519
. 575
/3. 323
. 394
7. 676
/3. 219

.
.

,
<

100

'^

.
.

.
/3.

.
305,
626,

j3.

192
248
540
398
55
398
424

vu

INDEX.

INDEX.
. 326
c 501

.
.

,,

/3.

f.

.
.

55
63
345

200
144
136
ib.

c.

235
ib.

^.

.
.

. 289
ctatf^og

576
599
485
ib.

. 585

. 461

iv

^.

(
,

'

,
,

arpayaXog

388,

y.

108

.
.

. 293

ij.

.
C.

.
.
.

118
303
32
455
753
554

382, 554

. 464
. 512
. 554
. 335

(/em.

.
.

/<7

/, arpov
d^off

. 148
. 344

576,

i,

75,

S.

66
44
242
551
242

892,

'

/3.

,
j/,

,,. 500,

y,

333
63

d.

409

jy.

. 223

''

aVi/ifw

;, 'Arjy

332

. 60
. 527
. 704

Vitp7?

ib.

. 223, 412,

7?

51

285
500
223
166

e.

.
.

"?

,
,,
,

. 271,

.
a/.

roe

ib.

. 743, . 565
. 223

arapTTof,

arra

212
169
400
27

. 223

^/

141
328

. 293
.

rap

ib.

, <2},.

.
.

,
, ,)
,
,
'),) - ,
)
]3.

83
332
^.403
701
. 643,
767

-,

,
,

, , ^, ,^,,
.

68
438
212
247

/8.

321
ib.

^.466,

f.

27
414
388
743
387

. 10
. 200
. 7
. 316

, 200, .

126

. 603

.
.

27
38
459
458

INDEX.

,-

27, 202,

. 470
.

27

41
433

ib.

316, S.
303, t. 232

e.

232

. 182

, 137
. 325

^
,

. 605
706
408

.
.

-,

-^,

-,

,
. 325
<Jta,

,,
^

18

. 428, .
.

133,

. 147

. 490
. 275
.
.

^,

,,^

^
^

273
886
826

/.

-^ij/v

awre

197
4

258
411
60
. 349
. 695
235
^.322

.
.

171

/3.

97
132
404
46

25

.
t.

,
/3.

51
71

. 717

607

436

'>

. 258
. 63
. 820

f.

. 282

599,

.
0.

,
'

/, -

/ra

, 535 >?,
. 51
. 237
. 160
. 258
. 492, . 258
. 81
. 27
. 117

^,

,
^
,

. 570
. 26
. 794
. 322
. 368

110
425
495

.
. 171
. 254

,
,
,
,
,
,
,

. 389
/3.

694,

. 869
. 361

.
. 127

426,

. 499

.
.

103
188

. 269
.

522
502
. 60
. 487
y. 313
, 526
. 272

. 657,

. 15,
. 599

/3

,
/
/3
i3av

516
355
. 590
. 151
. 532
. 383
.221
;3. 414

.52,

22

. 21,1
5.

209

INDEX.

'

^
,

375
14

. 867
. 226
. 334
.

89
ib.

. 364
. 9

,'
,

f.

1.487

. 390

/30,

^3

193
, 69

.
. 327
144, . 134
- 134

^
$, ^
,,

134,

f.

477
221
145
284

t.

.
.

35
431
. 113
. 484
.42, .&. 513
, 358
c
>, 194
3.
14
. 34
S.

,
,
'}
^

Si

,
,,

,^

. 44
. 590, . 23
. 144,
221

310
34
467
49
22
809

t-

6,

^'^^:

.
.

122
408
481
671
58

/3.

494

524
155

(.

521

493
89
532
492
824

.
.

6.313
678

.
.

531,^.114
. 5

. 144
. 67
. !17

7.779
'-'

^^^^^\

..^'Xf-^SB'

,,, ,
,

^
, ,, ^,,
,
,
^, (,,
, ,

. 530
. 231

^
,,

,
^
,

97
22
842

/3.

ib.

c0t

.
.
.

,
,
,
,

, , ^ ,

, , ,
ib.

337

>7.212

. 154, . 238
''

v:^m

. 551

. 104
^

. 226

170
429
39

120

-'-,^-

288
337

2G

{robust

Th.

a.
I)

403

. 870

INDEX.

^^

INDEX.

m^

. 174, ,

,
,^

401

.302

. 635

. 357
?.484

. 349
. 477
. 156
. 122

. 546
. 407

. 156

^
,^

. 258

,,

,
,)

427
. 370
t. 530
t. 579
498
. 386
. 99
. 34
3-. 402
/. 389
. 769
. 348
39, . 769
^.237

,
,
,

61,

858,

^
,
'
'
,
^, ,

.
.

125,

425

. 158

.
125,

180
150
358

.
. 299
.

158

.222,^.166,
. 480

. 561
.

468, .
(placed before them a funeral banquet)

,
,
,,,

.
.

,,

,
*

a.
/3.

<.217,

70

29
416
468
416

. 424,
. 286
.

262,

. 687

23

. 493

42

3.

34^

42

y.

43,

39a

163
169
. 333

ib.

0.273
.166

,,

. 368.
y.

369

. 158
/8.

,
,^
, ,,
'
,
^
,
. 794,

. 860

308
3

y. 375.

. 125
. 475
. 20

.
.

147

93
196
. 827

/3.

y.

190
183
ib.

. 878

^
^
'

/8.

245
33
679
88
812
466

134, 3,99
t2ii4

.
.

4
56
33

. 827
J?.

/3.

196
190

,^

INDEX.

,'

INDEX.

^,

,,
,
'

105
270
. 548
96
535
. 550
/3. 207
. 531
. 100, . 253
/. 321
-, . 88
.195
. 263
. 6
. 542
238
. 542
/. 455
r.

^^^
-,

^
,

^
,

12

. 378

]3.

753

. 877

,
,

. 391
. 337
, 566

,
,
,
,

,
.

263
7

13
176
. 126
230
. 461
i3. 774
r. 411
7. 747
. 262
t. 411
^. 171
.566
.
65
.370
. 132
. 158
. 259
. 323

.
.

^-

,
,,

,
,

-, -

^.472
t,

.
.

15
458
18

INDEX.

.
.

54

/3.

^^/

.
.
.

154
686
549
271
115
271
51
428
39
748
127
750

s.

255

183

.
.

.
.
,
.
.

,,
5
,

. 16
. 425

5
,
,

,,

426
324
18, 426
. 299
. 522
. 213

18,

^/,

^/

t.

129
137
155

11

.
'

. 593
. 367
. 24

lay;

'^

ib.
ib.

V.
/3.

367,

tap,

'

.
.
.

/8.

,
iav

.
.

276,
393,

/8.-302,

.
.

.
.

408
374
385
270
477
125
24
137
543
148
528
209
248

xviii

XX

INDEX.
tV08, kvkOs

-,

INDEX.

410,

'
,
,
'

INDEX.

.29

/,

a. 490, d.

231

94

. 627
, 196

iwnrpoiaXKut

/3.

754

. 456

,
'

'^
'
^
,
-,
,

/3.

611

,
j8.

.
.

?^,

j3.

. 232
.

470

. 20
. 331
. 667
. 808

. 295
. 142
. 79

,
>:7'

f.

390
529
86
359
136
38
359
725

^.

,
f.

,
.

25
750
213
127

266
352
281
. 54
5.449
, 89
31, 50
/3. 675
.267
. 167
.793

.
.

.
t

.
.

/3.

77
83
42
719

J7.222

406
64
166, ^.231
t. 558

xmu

kpidyui

340
156
446
525
532
550
469
115
315
589
568
191

358,

-,

'

.
,
,
,$,

441
62

610
462

167,

776

568

, 621,

^.

15

142

IT.

580

, 321

'

,
^
,

39
317
ib.

140
284
358
99
189
192
305
155
672,

57
792
8

,-

32,

519

, ,
',

235

-,
109.

260
6
47
90
550
65
.433
454

2r2

INDEX,
-HVLOQ

INDEX.

XXV

INDEX.

'^

697
318
?. 402
82
. 397
. 144
. 251
51, 518

611.

77.223

51

26

61

124
165

.
t.

t.

368
213

e.

7},

,,

.
/3.

,'

,,
,
,

51

. 341
1. 452
518

'^,

176

/.

14,

j3.

98,

6.

829

ij.

.
.

193,

69S,

. 407
. 407

187
429
/3. 699
. 887
t. 203
. 132
a.

'
^

,
'

7.

14

27, 40,

219

470
217,

27
119

. 58
. 58, . 328
. 402
. 70
', 3
:>-/3.

58

. 56
. 291
. 220

. 226

,,

^
, ^,

. 593
. 381
/3.

rjti]

riyayov

,
/
), ijyopa

,,
ijyov, i'lyayov

, 157
. 38
. 220

if
y,

^
,,

380

. 550

.
.
.

99
252
57

i/.37l

.
.

367
71
79
346

rt.

24

.
iS.

5
147

. 5
, 240
. 293

. 260
. 27
. 216

'

t.

302
209

88

548
260
543

. 349
. 88

>]

. 161
.

512
465

525, /*.347

^. 461

^"

|8.

/3.

77

409
70
184

.
.
.
. 576

INDEX.
nuviTCtiQ,

r)Hg

^
^

INDEX.

xxvm

Vpi

e.

360
477
ib.

^.

.
.
.
.
.

fipvyov

462
126
295
136
403

VQ

4
341

. 388
.

^
,
, ^'

5
^,

3', -,

85,

Srkcava

438

. 512

598
. 195
. 885
f. 358
. 68
188
92
36
. 393
242, 359
. 571
<.

r/Tot

.
.
.

TJTOp

7)
^

7)vda

"'
-

157

. 209

^, yjrep

7},

477,

. 607
. 50
7.372

5'

2
,
,
^
,
^,
^, ^
^, ^^
3,
S

^,

^,

23
. 194
/i. 459
t.

.
.

194
142

34
614
t. 463
. 475
. 143
. 236
. 412
t. 530
. 199
. 52
. 264

j8.

.
.

.
^.

.
.
.
.
.

,
5\
^,

/
^
^,
^
,
,
,
,

. 255
. 133
/)^-

28
285
238, . 134, 156
. 339
/3.

Bkvap

7'7)

.
.
.
.

-, -/,

^}?
^,
ju'

131

143
109
85
. 839

-,

22

. 255, 0. 604

-, -,

^'
$>

5
135
135
143
135

. 254
77.

|o7roJ^',

386
156
56
60
243
223
183
205
320

0/

-. -.
7.

?.

331,

366
321
426

426
^.331
/3. 212
. 85
. 130
. 591
367

yii.

591
177
69
4

.
.
. 700
.

.
/3.

483
143
382

INDEX.

INDEX.

507,

79,

. 169 77;|/-}
. 336
.
/3.

'

/8.

.
.

', ', 67]

',

7.574,

'

.
.

145
478
104
328
75
75
479
1

9,

240

.
.

'
,
,
'

.
.

",

.
.
.
.
.

572
43
782
. 170
y. 397
/5. 751
. 203, 558
/. 353
. 213
. 73
. 105
. 240
. 444
. 298
/3. 440
^. 242
48, . 437, t. 319
.874
. 572
53
.
, 125
7. 340
97. 125
23
. 369
1/.

^.

.
.

,'

432
685
335
254
139
93
100
583
147

. 180

,
'
,
'
'
'
,
''

0.

254

18

INDEX,

INDEX.

INDEX.

INDEX,

XMcy

'1

INDEX.

INDEX.

xxxviix

INDEX.

INDEX,

xl

INDEX.

'

xli

oiai

f.
/3.

. 750, .

.
.

'

,
^,
,
',,

7.

752

24
ib.

.
,
fl.

89
. 453
. 118
39

,<,.'^

.
.
.

.
^^^";'-^^?.

fl.

.
.
.

31

204
46
858
5

69

. 281

'^,

,
,

46
198
100

.790

'^(>76

\66

13

790, . 384

,
^
^'

450
225
472
598
350

. 59,

'<,

')
:^
'*

113

ib.

^^^

19
ib.

^,
.
,,,

413
668
168
221

. 242, 813
. 212

^^

43

. 269

,
, ', ^

INDEX.

xlii

. 255

/?.

723
313

182

f.

ib.

. 873
.

91

, . 279

.
.

470,

10,

137

3*.

279

147
342
723
. 301
. 683

'
^-

^^/^,
/,

,'

/,
, ^,

,
,
,
//

/,

18

. 196

164

^.

96

. 656

. 4,

357
142
142
. 175
. 261
. 359
fl. 225
. 76
0. 95
^.315
. 187
199, ju. 273

,'
,
/

57,

.
.

-,. -,

&C.

^3!.

/(

,
/
/

/3.

24
76
QQ
209
448

/3.

41

76, /.

4'.

,
,
'
, ,,
-

199

. 273
269
. 291

ojuoff

ovfjay

167

519
774

?), -, -

. 327
. 327 /*

114

. 246
. 24

o^i^r)

^.518,

.
.

196
63
. 91

.
.
.
fl.

21

63
395
503
260

m\

INDEX.

,, ,
,
'

. 777
. 45
.

. 164
ib.

190

.
.

/3.

325

,, , , -

oa

.
.

.
.

'

?;.

.
.

216,

.
,

0
6<^,

^.

S.

82

. 536
. 172
. 205

. 707
f.

,
,
,

,
,

902
230

. 178
. 71
. 230

077

opymd

15

Sr.

.
.
/3.
3.

466
345
799
304
ib.

.
/3.

.
.

-,

.
.
.
.
.

OpiTiaifc

OjOKTioi'

OjO/cof

233
193
12

. 356
184
157
493
257
165
143
332
197
371

34
342

/LI.

,^
,

,5
,

539
126
50

^.

\,)

361

. 488

. 30
. 11
. 42
. 231
. 42,
. 231
. 142
. 124

799
136
56
327
351
543
398
267
420

. 571

opvte

77

435
459
64

/3.

.
.

13

.
.

'

,
,

C.

,
,
, ,

332
50
. 248
, 350
. 423
. 38
. 204
. 341
/3. 810
204, c 109
. 432
. 83
/3. 837
. 637
ib.

',

123
10

. 146

'

Of, ^1 oj^

26

72
359
382
64
758
93

//)

.
f.
/3.

.
2

104
17
. 1 04
. 174
248, 7. 228
101,

xliv
'6re

INDEX.

,
,,

INDEX.
. 256

or

TraXivaypiTOQ

a.

v.

,, )
?(,

;,

7<-

33

3.

266

71

200
. 449
400
191,

.
.
.
,
.

526
439

191
7

433
289
97
6
458, t.
/3. 458
. 487
. 372
0. 186
255
490
/3. 404
540
. 472
. 146

.
.
.

. 2
^.250
. 12
.

384

. 347
/3.

397

.464
.408
ib.

,'

200
. 112, t. 43
. 26, 34
. 603

^
^, C

^,
\,

.
.

147
104
6

t. 499
.611

.
^.

163
104
381

6.690

. 771
1.561

xhr

ib.

xlvi

INDEX.

yripift^o

220

,
,,

xlyii

^^

,
,
'
^,
,
',
,,
,
,
- '
,
,
'
, , - ^'
/, ,
'
,
,
,
,
, , ' /,,
,,
^-'

. 903

'|rcpt~p0w,

p.

/3.

-, -,

c.

.
.

-,

--,

425,

',.

81,

95
551
393
295
466

nqXijiaij^e, &c.

TTjJjtia

359
292

145

. 457
. 246
t. 235

314,

ib.

.
^.

. 437
.

513

480

.
.
-

93,

. 89
. 496
. 88
. 257
. 366

,,
',

,
'

^
-y, -//)

.
.

127

. 531

. 829
. 155
.

215

. 464
.

180

. 431
-

488

^.

. 343
7 400, . 472, . 267, . 373

,
)
^)

^.118,

.
.
/3.

.
t.

.
.

197
183

522
661
124
379
474

^),

,
7<

^
,
,
/
^
)

ib

.
.

243,

. 47
9
277
/3. 124
^. 233
. 205
. 680

. 390

,
/3.

,
,,
/,

40
104

'

'

7<,

'^,

342
260
207
527
lie
368
265

. 104
. 169
. 289

. 459
/. 331

. 375
. 549
. 183

7. 510

237

-Jj/u,

163

. 599

. 243

3".

299

. 762

. 312, . 437

ib.

}/

},
/^,

308

. 494

(.

/3.

S.

. 202
. 40
. 91

132, ;.

-"

, -'

ib

, 307

/3.

22

285

. 102
829

. 245

. 226
.

568

. 251

xlviii

INDEX.

INDEX.

iukt^

INDEX.

. 234

. 539
. 130

,
,

39
S. 554
3. 328
0.389

,,,

,
,

7'

7'

'
'

,
'

.
.
.

,
<
,
,
'
'
',

-,

'
^

',

',

'

76
629

.
.
.

vkarai

v^ty,

12

'

',
'

12

259
418
289 , . 539
. 153
. 243
. 32
. 391
. 434
. 418
. 539
824 /C. 10
.521
221
. 578
277
521,
521, j3. 376
. 10
&. 317
J/, 703
. 381
.886
y. 385
. 598
52

.
.

,,'

,
'

,
^

391,

kv

150
212
247
136

).

118

.
.

162
. 32
.511
106
. 137

'

48

39,

259
259
86

.
.

]
',

,
''

.
.

.
t.

290,
137,

347

^.604
32

2
290
524
139

. 137
62
??. 198

,
', ^
vrfig

,
,

. 292
/3.

.
.
-3.

20
292
514
552
12

. 502
/5.
/3.

470

43

. 346

539

80

. 153

ib.

7.410
;3. 296
^.335
. 480

211

342

. 194

. 223 ,'

.
.

108
156
. 26
?. 425
. 457

'^

^
,

338
38
292

r.

449

t.

381

y.

222
ib.

y. 222,

7
ib.

INDEX.

ola%

r.

, ',

.413
668
168
750, /. 221
/?.

'
/,

[,

.
.

OlKCl

',

19

113
ib.

242,813
. 212

,
,,
^
., -, <^7

,
., ',

ib.

7.

. 450
. 225

'^,,

oh

752
24
ib.

.*y

QioQiv,

43

. 269

oiictvc

,.

472
. 598
fl. 350
. 89
59, . 453
. 118
39
?.

'

C.

13

46
198
100

.
?.

"

()

790,

417
384
.790
C.

. 31
. 204
,

)6\

,
^
/
'
^
^
',

69
/.281
.255
327
327
^.518,
.723
/3. 313
. 182

.
.

ib.

. 873
/.

10,

.
.
.

,
.

,
'

91

. 279

114
246
24
167

519
774
137
Sr. 279
. 147
. 342
723
. 301
. 683

. 470, .
.
.

10,

,
,'
-

-, -

,
,
, ,
,
,
'^
'
, .

,
,
,

.
^.

164

96

. 656

. 4,

~~
57,

.
.
.
.
,

.
.
.

-,. -,.
199,

76,

-S".

291

24

357
142
142
175
261
359
225
76
95
315
187
273

. 199
. 273
. 2691

&C.

18

. 196

46

/3,858
. 5

^^\

\:,

/
'

INDEX.

xlii

4'.

,
,
, ,,
)

76
Q6
209
448
41

.
.

196
63

91

. 211
. 63
. 395
. 503
.

260

INDEX.

xiiv

ore
OTH, OTtO, OTtVy

,,

0.

on,

49

V.

&c.

o, Ti

a.

oTp7]pog,

.
.

oTptKeg

/3.

.
r.
.

491
64
186
321
765
93
234145

, 294

^-, -

hSs yap eSe

. 109
. 632
^,130

178
144

(,

.
.

ndog

. 733

^ckvaQy

18

. 141

.
.

^.300

i\ai

449
^.251

hXov

^\:>
.

.
.

134

ib,

/3.

.
.

HV

'

Hpov

'
,
,,

* '
,

a.

478,

ft.

203
360
57

165
241
. 224
. 570
. 195
. 50
. 443
430
153 ^. 80
. 109
. 93
. 132
^.140

756
134

. 449
. 18

kpbg

62

IC.

TTojg

ispoQ,

104
148

7rpi7stC

INDEX.
avTiQ or

xhr

xlvi

INDEX.

.INDEX.

xlyii

xlviii

INDEX.

INDEX.

7\<?

INDEX.

INDEX.
-.-

lii

INDEX.

INDEX.
rspOTTi)

Uii

INDEX.

,
,
,
,

5.383
98
. 83

.
.

,
,-

72
23

. 773
. 725

462

,
,
,
,
,

'.

160

, 655

. 169

248
. 208
S. 243

', -', -, - .

,
,'

102,

. 239
. 829
511
. 84
^.381
5.

-, -

460

3".

70
77
228
77
370
200

. 589
fj*

486,

/.

ij.
t.

331,

.liMt^vti^r

'!a(*nt '

Taijftwj/

464
56
102
605
172
201
142
485

.
.
.

'ftpw

526,

.
|8.
t.

13
142

.
.

TEffOf

. 110, .
. 228, /3.

e.

555

}.

85

41

'

29

. 341

. 193
. 205

//,

460,

/.
.

527,

31

559
219
36

.
. 526,

349, ;.

ib.

iTta^pof,

102

e.

. 268
. 633
. 377
3".

328

.
/,

. 421

102,

7?.

.
.

. 568

289,
228,

^.

^/
,
-, '
^
,
,
^
^
^, , , - ,
^
,
,
),
, , , ^
'/
^
,,
-

-, -, -,

. 591

21

219
320

^.

.
.
.

349
30
362
202
62
62
388
528
282
5
108
32
100
108

.315
. 295
643
25,
J7. 380
. 707
696

124, ?. 194

ib.

38
521

ib.

j3.

225

Ivi

rmmK,

IVil

'
,
,, ^

INDEX.

Iviii

(iativof,

,,,
^a'vqv

d.

50

y.

.
.

'

247
785

686
285

. 81
. 558

87, 198

<pa\(xyS.

<\7]

. 743

,
',-

.
.

799
362

108

''
,
,
,

.
.

605
45
^.191

(
^

.
.

43
35
190
187

238

20,

. 20 .
,

^.

-, \>)

e.

.
f.

. 202,

798,

',

281
. 564
12, 2S8

141 ,

'

f.
f.

,,

So
207

a.

268

a.

f.

119,

51

V.

815

. 119

'),

37

693
838

251,

67

.
.

359
491

359
. 246
/. 339

S-.

29
361

.219
779

.
. 335
. 308
/3.

(fodder, aliment)

'
,
'
,
,'
,
,
^,

/3.

. 168
. 236
47

51

455
337
i8. 455
V. 546
f. 745
.237
. 469
. 135
0.361
. 149
. 406
<^. 440
. 43
. 133

256
20

j8.

202, /.
244
409,

a.

t.

190
440
202
409

122
187

iS.232

. 271

55
106

219
388
207

ft.

,
,

<

,
,'^ . , &^;
^

. 833

f.

.
.

.
.

537.

//.

219
202
238
106
602
796
354
452

4'.
3
7. 638

263

. im
. 197
.
/3.
t.

^.

55
362
63
282

IxVDEX.

()

Hit

INDEX.
xXospuQ,

1)
^^C

,,

'

Kti/,

wfftt

43,

.10
. 294
. 32, ^ 281

t.

846,

95

"220

/,

780

:
iis

4.07

14 DAY USE
RETURN TO DESK FROM WHICH BORROWED

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to which renewed. ,^r-j 1^ I

subject toJ^^i^^^ t^^sll.

^49W U

depT^

ORClA^'Q^

RETURNED TD

MAy6

1970

lOAK PEPAKTMENT

JUL

1974

JUL 29

OCT

IBEP

31

71984

1979

NOV 1

jOKi

oitc 53^

i9:nsfti^>a^l{*

8 7980

S 198Z

WAR

|Oa:'D

'>MJV 2 9 i97q

Hc

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(J9096sl0)476-A-32

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^^^^^

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