Engineering Challenges

in the Philippines
Beyond 2010: Leadership for the Next Generation
A UP Academic Congress To Challenge our Next Leaders

Rowena Cristina L. Guevara

Malcolm Hall, February 3, 2010

 Definition of Terms
Science uncovers new things about the
physical world

Technology applies science to meet a need

Engineering is the formal use of both

scientific and technological principles to
achieve a planned result based upon
empirical experience
Synergy of S&T and Engineering
 2 Types of Engineers
Dynamic Engineers – capable of high-level
problem solving using scientific
knowledge; can lead innovation

Transactional Engineers – typically

responsible for rote and repetitive tasks in
the workforce; possess engineering
fundamental
 The Challenges
• Sustainable Environment
• Energy Security
• Global Competitiveness
 Sustainable Mining
• The Philippines is the 2nd most endowed country
after Africa (for every sqm that we dig, 2nd most
amount of valuable metal content)
• Estimated 7B tons of metallic minerals and 51B
tons of non- metallic minerals
• Investment inflow from $840M in 2006 to $1.4B
in 2007, $1B in 2008; it is projected that mining
will be a $13B industry in 2013
 Top 10 Megacities
Annual
Rank Megacity Country Continent Population
Growth
1 Tokyo Japan Asia 33,800,000 0.60%
2 Seoul South Korea Asia 23,900,000 1.40%
North
3 Mexico City Mexico 22,900,000 2.00%
America
4 Delhi India Asia 22,400,000 4.60%
5 Mumbai India Asia 22,300,000 2.90%
New York North
6 USA 21,900,000 0.30%
City America
South
7 São Paulo Brazil 21,000,000 1.40%
America
8 Manila Philippines Asia 19,200,000 2.50%
North
9 Los Angeles USA 18,000,000 1.10%
America
10 Shanghai China Asia 17,900,000 2.20%
From Wikipedia
 Energy Security
• EPIRA
• 2nd highest electricity cost in Asia
• Opportunities in Biofuels & Renewable
Energy
 Barriers & Drivers

Initiatives: ELI
Efficient Lighting Initiative – Philippines
 Efficient Lighting Management Curricula
for ASEAN (ELMCA)
Contract No.: TH/Asia-Link/013 (141-236)
Chulalongkorn University (CU); Faculty of Engineering, Center
of Excellence in Electrical Power Technology (CEPT), Bangkok,
Thailand

Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), Helsinki, Finland

Lichttechnisches Institut (LTI), University Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe,

Germany

University of the Philippines Diliman: College of Engineering

& National Engineering Centre (NEC), Quezon City, Philippines

Institute of Engineering Physics (IEP), Hanoi University of

Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
 ITES versus Real IT
(from Dr. Paco Sandejas)

Est. Oct 1998 Est. Feb 1995 Est. Sep 1998

Raised $75.4 M Raised $79 M Raised $40.2 M

Mkt Cap: $355 M Mkt Cap: $1.1B Mkt Cap: $130.7 B

Qtr Rev: $26 M Qtr Rev: $57 M Qtr Rev: $2.46 B

Annualized Rev/Em ployee ($ thousands)

• IPO on the same year - 2004
• Tech companies returned
GOOG $1,730
HIGHER VALUE to investors
• Importance of R&D
SIRF $646 • SIRF spent: $39 M (2005)
• GOOG spent: $484 M
(2005)
PSPT $25
• Tech = risky but more rewards
$- $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000
• More productive too 11
The Problem: Large gap between UNESCO
Benchmarks and Philippine situation
Comparison of RSEs per 10,000 population
(2005, UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
Vietnam

Thailand

Singapore

Philippines

Malaysia

Korea

Japan

Indonesia
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Developing Countries: 3.4

The Problem: Large gap between UNESCO
Benchmarks and Philippine situation

Comparison of Expenditure on R&D as % of GDP

(2005, UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
Vietnam

Thailand

Singapore

Philippines

Malaysia

Korea

Japan

Indonesia

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

UNESCO Benchmark: 1.0

 State of Engineering Education in the
Philippines

• 1538 of the 1713 HEIs are privately owned

dependence on tuition shy away from R&D

• 53,487 graduates of engineering each year, only 11,700

pass the government’s licensure exams

• Each time we produce 1 MS graduate, Vietnam produces

6, Thailand produces 25 and Singapore produces 200

• State of education low value-added activities in industry

low economic contribution
A Broken Circle

Technology-
based
investors

High-value-
Economic
added
Growth
activities
 Completing the Circle
Technology-
MS & PhD
based
Engineers
investors
Critical
Faculty Mass
Scholars
Government
Intervention
High-value-
Economic
added
Growth
activities
 Engineering R&D for Technology
(ERDT)
We need engineers with advanced
degrees to make S&T work for Filipinos:
from disaster mitigation to poverty
alleviation, from agriculture to
semiconductor industries; ensure a
sustainable environment and affordable
energy for the future; produce indigenous
technologies to better our lives
 ERDT Consortium
University of the Philippines Diliman
De La Salle University
Mapúa Institute of Technology
Ateneo de Manila University
Mindanao State University Iligan
University of San Carlos
Central Luzon State University
University of the Philippines Los Baños
 Objectives of the ERDT

Attainment of a critical mass of MS and

PhD graduates (RSE’s) for the
academe, government and industry, in
support of NSTP and MTDP

Upgrade the graduate academic and R&D

programs of HEIs and cultivating a
culture of R&D in the Philippines
 The ERDT is an
INVESTMENT FOR
GLOBAL
COMPETITIVENESS
 1. R&D Thrusts
(Social relevance & Impact to Economy)

Energy

Environment & Infrastructure

Information & Communications Technology

Semiconductor & Electronics

 ENERGY TRACK

Renewable Energy Bio-Fuels Coal Energy Energy Demand Side

Management

Align with natural “Energy not used is a

Development of Optimize the value
and global thrusts resource in itself.
wind, solar, and of our country’s
for clean viable Energy that is wasted
hydro systems into natural coal
energy while should not have been
technologies resources by
appropriate for the reducing produced at all.”
improving its
country dependence on
properties and
imported petroleum
maximizing usage
 Environment & Infrastructure Track

DRINK GRASS CLEAN MINE ITS TAMER MARINE

Tactical
Drinking Green Clean mining Intelligent alert maps Marine
water in every affordable technologies transport of Technologies
home shelter system environmen
systems tal risks
 Information & Communications Technology Track

Environment Education Health Logistics & Media

Business
•WSN for •Thin Clients •Telemedicine •Multimedia
Monitoring •Low-cost •Medical & •Inventory & Appliances &
•Early Warning Connectivity Health Tracking Apps
Systems •e-Learning & Informatics Systems •Platforms for
•Computational Usability •Systems •Business Media
Environmental Intelligence
Design Biology Exchange
Models
•Smart Modeling Software
Classrooms

Context- Based Systems Intelligent Systems Biometrics &

Bioelectronics
Computational Modeling Security Protocols
RFID
Data Mining & Warehousing Web Semantics & Signal & Image
Distributed Systems Processing
Heuristic Algorithms
Wireless Networks Sensor Networks
 Semiconductor & Electronics Track

Chip Design High-Value Manufacturing Failure Electronics

Added Analysis and Products
Materials Testing

• System-on-Chip • Dielectrics • Mechanical • ASIC and

• Assembly Failures Interface
(SoC) • Nanomaterials
• Packaging • Electrical Failures Modules
• RF CMOS • Biodegradable
• Support • Corrosion • Embedded
• Low power RISC polymers
Processes • Wettability/ Antenna
• Mixed Signal • Metallization
Design materials Adhesion • High-speed
• Functional • Characterization PCB
materials • Instrumentation
• Plasma- • Test protocols
modified
polymers
 2. Effect of Full Implementation of ERDT

UNESCO HRD Projection

Benchmark

500
400 ERDT
RSEs 300
200
UP
100
only
0
2007

2009

2011
S1
2013

2015
Year

Cost per year starting 2011 – P500M

 3. Faculty Development of UP COE

2006 2016
Depts PhD MS BS Total PhD MS BS Total
CE 10 6 1 17 23 6 1 30
ChE 10 4 6 20 18 5 0 23
CS 6 9 5 20 20 20 6 46
EEE 7 19 6 32 23 24 0 47
ES 4 10 6 20 15 10 0 25
GE 3 4 8 15 8 14 0 22
IE 3 8 4 15 14 16 1 31
ME 5 6 3 14 7 11 1 19
MMM 3 5 7 15 14 7 0 21
Total 51 71 46 168 142 113 9 264
% 30% 42% 27% 100% 54% 43% 3% 100%
2006 PhD 2016 PhD
MS MS
BS BS

Total Cost P632M

 Research space, sqm

0
10000
20000
30000
40000

2006
2007
2008
2009
2009

Year 2010
2010
2010
4. Infrastructure for R&D

2010
2011
2012
2012
 4. Infrastructure for R&D

UP EEEI Building UP ICE Building

UP MMME Building
 4. Infrastructure for R&D

UP IE/ME Building

UP ChE Building

UP E&E Building
 A Bleak Scenario
(The next ten years without ERDT)

• Vietnam and China will overtake the

Philippines in terms of low value-added
activities

• The top export of the country, semiconductor

electronics, and the largest potential of the
country, ICT, will stagnate

• The Philippines will continue to be a

technology consumer
 A Promising Scenario
(Full implementation of ERDT in the next 10 years)

• High-value added activities will increase and

redound to economic growth

• The country will attract more investments in

knowledge-based industries

• Culture of research will proliferate in local

Universities and indigenous technologies will
sprout
 Engineering Research & Development for Technology
(ERDT) Consortium

Status of Scholarships and Research Projects under DOST

Engineering Research and

Enrolled in ERDT
Development for Technology PhD MS
Consortium
(ERDT) Scholars Abroad Graduates Total
Degree Program MS Ph.D
16 29 403
TOTAL 303 55

Overall Scholarship Target (2008-2011) Percentage Completed

MS 596 305 / 596 = 55.7%
PhD 112 55 / 112 = 49.11%

Total Submitted Research Projects Number Amount (Php)

Year 1 146 1,211,799,367.06
Year 2 128 544,841,881.00
Total DOST-Approved Projects
Year 1 21 198,364,328.35
Year 2 (Mar 1 – Nov 31, 2009) 8 41,073,477
 Engineering Challenges
in the Philippines
Beyond 2010: Leadership for the Next Generation
A UP Academic Congress To Challenge our Next Leaders

Rowena Cristina L. Guevara

Malcolm Hall, February 3, 2010