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Answers to SAQs
Chapter 5
1 a
Yes, work done against friction.
b Yes, gravity does work in making you go
faster.
c No, because the stone remains at a constant
distance from the centre of the circle.
d No, because you do not move.
2 Work done, W = F s = mg s
= 70 9.81 2.5 = 17201700J
10
11
12
3 a
Work done, W = F s = 10 250= 2500J
b 2500J (ignoring work done against air
resistance)
4 The crane does work to overcome the
downward force of gravity, so all that matters
is the vertical height through which the crane
lifts the load.
Work done, W = F s = 500 40
= 20000J = 20kJ
5 Work done by force up slope,
W = F s = 1000.50 = 50J
Work done by contact force=0J
Work done by force down slope,
W = F s = (300.50) = 15J
(note the movement is in the opposite
direction to the force)
Work done by gravity,
W = F s = (100sin450.50) = 35J
2 2
1
So v2 = 14.7
5.0 = 2.94m s and v = 1.7ms ,
14
15
a Kinetic energy as stone reaches foot of cliff,
Ek = 12 mv2 = 12 m (38)2 = m 722J
Gravitational potential energy change,
Ep = mgh = m 9.81 80 = m 785J
So proportion of g.p.e. converted to k.e.
k.e.
722
g.p.e. = 785 = 0.92 = 92%
b The rest of the stones initial energy is
converted to heat (because work is done
against air resistance).
16
17
Power = Wt = 4200000
= 70000W (or 70kW)
60
18
19
a Work done in one second,
W = Fs = 70040 = 28000J (28kJ)
b 28kW
Work done against gravity,
W = Fs = weight height moved
= mgh = 559.81280.20 = 3020J
So her useful power = Wt = 3020
5.4 = 560W