NAOIMC.

Telephone (215) 743-5300

Bulletin 352

National AirOil Group

(800) 523-3495 Outside PA

1284 East Sedgley Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19134

FAX (215) 743-3018 Telex 84-5403

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SPECIFY

Automatic Control System

for Complete Combustion/
Smokeless Flaring
n

Designed for use on any

flare system - using
power gas or steam -to
suppress smoking. Also
for control of assist gas
for complete combustion. Combines economy with smokeless

fJ

NAOs fully automatic flare-control

system insures optimum combustion of
flare-stack effluents, regardless of the
flow rate and the composition of the
waste gas.
Since flow-rate velocity and
composition both affect complete
combustion and smoke production,
the NAO control system incorporates
separate sensors and individual
signal-linearization equipment to
continuously monitor velocities and
radiation intensities.
Measuring flow rate alone will not
incorporate any provision for changes
in gas composition. As the flare-gas
composition varies, the ratio of steam
or power gas to hydrocarbon flow must
be properly adjusted.
Many low-molecular-weight gases

complete combustion/smokeless flaring with efficient

expenditure of steam and/or gas n built-in backup
. eliminates need for continuous visual monitoring

Retractable probe monitors flaregas flow rate.

do not smoke. Therefore, the use of

steam or power gas is not required.
Improper control of steam or power
gas can create noisy flaring and
wasted energy.
With a pair of sub-systems for
continuous monitoring of velocity and
radiation, the NAO automatic control
system provides a fully automated
method of flaring waste gases
smokelessly and efficiently, or with
reduced noise levels.

BUILT.IN BACKUP

Since either sensing sub-system

(velocity or radiation) will indicate
approximate steam or gas requirements for optimum flaring, the NAO
system provides its own backup.
Plug-in modular construction and
state-of-the-art electronic components
insure reliable, trouble-free operation,
day in, day out, year after year. Maintenance is minimal.
Details on opposite side.

NAO Full~Automatic, Smokeless Flaring System

DESCRIPTION OF OPEFIATION

Electronic signals, generated by separate flow and

radiation-intensity sensors, are individually
linearized - then combined electronically to dictate
efficient steam-flow control.

small slot in the surrounding pipe. The

pipe minimizes convective losses to the
ambient arr. Thus, the temperatures
sensed by the couples are solely
dependent upon the incidentradiation level.
Both thermocouples are mounted
close enough to see the flame - but
not so near that high temperatures are
experienced.
The mV output from the pair of
thermocouples is fed to a convertor
and linearizer. This linearizer provides
a 4-20 mA signal, proportional to flame
radiation and gas composition. (The
highest operating temperatures occur
when the optimum amount of steam is
introduced for complete mixing and
smokeless combustion. Insufficient
steam will produce a lower flame
radiation due to incomplete, smoky
combustion. Excess steam will
partially quench the flame; and it will
be indicated by a lower flame
radiation -with wasted steam.)

7
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MAIN CONTROL PANEL

All plug-in components, with the

exception of the pipe-mounted
thermocouples and the retractable
velocity sensor, are housed in a 19-inch
NAOs automatic steam-control system ratios, an automatic weighting
standard control-rack cabinet. On the
for smokeless flaring incorporates two network is incorporated to fine-tune
front of this cabinet are convenient
the output signal.
sub-systems to continuously monitor
controls, including a manual loadmg
flare-gas flow rates and radiation
FLAME.AADIATION SIGNALS
knob, and a set of switches for various
intensities.
Direct measurement of flame
modes of automatic control: velocity
FLARE-GAS FLOW SIGNALS
temperatures with thermocouples
only, radiation only, or combined
isnt practical for this application. The velocity/radiation closed-loop control.
This electronic flow sensor employs
three elements in a retractable probe. short life of a direct-measurement
The velocity sensor responds rapidly
All are inserted in the waste-gas flow thermocouple prevents its use for
to changes in the flow rate. Hence, it
stream. The flow rate is determined by continuous sensing.
will track that variable quickly and
Radiation from the flame, however, provide lag-free signals for the
means of the convective heat transfer
provides a strong, reliable indication
between the sensing elements.
steam-control valve.
The mV output of the velocity sensor of the gas composition. This radiation
Conversely, the radiation-sensing
is continuously monitored by NAOs
is linearized and converted to a
sub-system, which is relatively
standard 4-20 mA signal, proportional radiant-heat sensing sub-system.
insensitive to changes in flow rate, will
The radiant-heat sensor employs
to the required flow rate. However,
fine-tune the system for optimum
two thermocouples, mounted in
since saturated and unsaturated
steam consumption, in relation to gas
hydrocarbons require different steam stainless-steel pipes near the stack tip. composition.
Each thermocouple, mounted at a 45
angle, monitors the flame through a
Each thermocouple monitors the flame radiation through a small slot in the
surrounding pipe. B Retractable probe, with three elements, utilizes heat-transfer
measurements to continuously monitor the flow rate.
A

NAOm

75 YEARS OF LEADERSHIP
BY DESIGN

(800) 523-3495 ,?
Outside PA

National AirOil Group

1284 East Sedgley Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19134, U.S.A. Telephone (215) 7435300, FAX (215) 743-3018, Telex 845403
@NAO IOM-87 PRlNTED1NU.S.A
Offices in major cities of the world.