Contoh Proposal penelitian untuk jurusan Bahasa Inggris

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9 January 2013

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1. A.

Background of study

Language is the basic skill is needed for real communication among people. By using
language, we will be able to express our ideas and feeling.[1] In Indonesia, English is learnt
by students as a foreign language and taught formally from elementary school up to the
university level.
Moreover, English is used throughout the world and it is used in many fields of life such as:
in politics, economics, social, entertainment and education. Therefore, In Indonesia, English
has an important role especially in education. Thus, English is taught as a compulsory subject
and become one of subjects testing in National Examination.
English teaching involves four language skills (Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing).
Speaking as part of four language skills is important to be learned and mastered by every
individual. It is an activity used by someone to communicate with others. It takes place
everywhere and has become part of our daily activities. When someone speaks, he or she
interacts and uses the language to express his or her ideas, feeling and thought.[2] He or she
also shares information to others through communication.
Nowadays, speaking is very important. It is as a measurement of language learners whether
someone is successful in learning language or not.[3] Noyes underlines, Our communication
skill determines how successfully we interact with others, whether one-on-one or in large
group.[4] Besides, having speaking skill could be an extra value in getting higher level job.
However, speaking is not an easy learning activity. Many factors can affect students success
in speaking. In general, these factors can be identified such as teacher, students,
environmental conditions and techniques to learn the lesson material.
Based on the writers experience, most of the students still can not speak fluently and
automatically. The writer assumes that they have learnt speaking by focusing on grammar
rules and textbook. They learn speaking by eyes not by mouth, meaning that they learn
speaking by reading a lot not talking a lot. So, it makes them difficult in improving their
speaking ability. Moreover, the limited lectures teaching technique and material makes the
students bored and less motivated. Shortly, a lecture is expected to have right teaching
techniques to give students with proper teaching materials so that the goal of speaking will be
achieved.

In general, the goal of teaching speaking skills is communicative efficiency. Learners should
be able to make themselves understood, using their current proficiency to the fullest. They
should try to avoid confusion in the message due to faulty pronunciation, grammar, or
vocabulary, and to observe the social and cultural rules that apply in each communication
situation.[5] More specifically, the syllabus of speaking at English Department of IAIN ArRaniry also says that after completing the speaking subject, students are able to do verbal
communication accurately (based on structure rules of English language), correctly
(according to context), and efficiently ( according to function) in English language.
Therefore, to achieve these goals, the teachers play an important role in teaching speaking.
The teachers should be able to set classroom activity well. Besides, the teachers should regard
to all supporting components of successful teaching classroom including class management,
technique and materials. In relation to teaching materials, there are many sources for teaching
speaking such as books and internet sources. Internet has a good impact in developing
students speaking ability. Internet offers the great initiative on study and rich variety of
choices. By using internet, students can get and learn material out of class. They can choose
the learning materials and arrange study on their own schedule. Moreover, different students
have different background knowledge, study ability and cognitive ability on study. As a
matter of fact, teacher solely can not cover all those differences and needs. Thus, the teaching
and learning process is not effectively reached. The writer assumes that by using internet as a
source of learning may overcome such problems mentioned above.
Generally speaking, internet has changed the world. According to data from theultralinx.com,
internet users in the world increased 7% in the last decade. With the rapid growth and the
advanced features it has, the internet as a medium will help the teachers to carry out various
education activities including language teaching and learning. Internet helps the teachers by
providing teaching-learning online and some downloadable materials. Additionally, internet
becomes an alternative tool to enhance effective teaching. For instance, the teachers can
access the materials and apply the materials in their classroom activity.
There are many researches conducted on the use of internet in learning. One of them is study
conducted by Yunzheng (2008). The study is about autonomy English learning on the internet
which conducted to college students in China. In his study, he stated that learning from the
internet are useful and effective because the internet provides multi-channeled, multiperspective, multi-leveled and multi-formed. Moreover, it is very quick and timely. Thus, it is
easily aroused keen interest in learning initiative.[6] The results of his research showed that
the percentage of the compatibility of the language skills students developed up to 60,2%
after learning by using internet.
Another study conducted by Zhou (2003) about Chinese EFL teachers views of and attitudes
towards ICT in the classroom. In his dissertation, he stated that the internet has improves
learning English activity because the internet provides valuable materials for teachers and
learners alike. Teachers can find prepared materials addressing English language
development in diverse content areas, curriculum and academic disciplines. Students of all
ages, interests and learning goals can independently choose online materials and activities
that meet their specific language learning needs, and access them in their own time and at
their own pace.[7] One of the respondents, Shi, wrote of her experience:I am glad to use
internet in my classroom, it makes me easier to manage all teaching learning tasks with
variety of choices and helps me to fulfill students needs. Based on Yunzheng and Zhou
findings, it can be concluded that internet can improve English learning activity. Hence, the

writer also wants to conduct a research about the effect of using internet materials in
improving students speaking ability.
There are many educational materials from internet that offer the benefits for teachers. One of
them is effortlessenglish.com. The effortlessenglish.com is a site focusing on teaching English
especially in improving speaking ability. This site is a commercial site which provides many
materials that will help students to speak English fluently and automatically. There is popular
material of the site is known as seven rule concepts. Seven rule concepts are designed to
help teachers in teaching speaking. These concepts consist of seven rules that guide students
in leaning speaking.
Based on the background above, the writer wants to conduct the research which is entitled
Teaching Speaking by Using Effortlessenglish.com Materials (An Experimental
Teaching at English Department Students of IAIN Ar-Raniry)

B.

Research Questions

Based on the background of study, this research will be conducted to answer the following
questions:
1. Can effortlessenglish.com materials improve students speaking ability?
2. What are the students responses in learning speaking by using effortlessenglish.com
materials?
1. C.

The Aims of Study

The aims of study are:

1. To determine whether effortlessenglish.com materials improve students speaking
ability.
2. To find out students responses in learning speaking by using effortlessenglish.com
materials.
1. D.

The Scope of Study

This study focuses on the implementation of effortlessenglish.com in teaching speaking

especially the use of seven rule concepts.
1. E.

Terminology

It is important to define several keywords of this research in order to avoid misunderstanding

between the writer and the readers. The keywords are:
1. Teaching Speaking

According to B.O Smith, Teaching is a system of actions intended to produce learning.

Besides, Gage also states that teaching is a form of inter-personal influence aimed at
changing the behavior potential of another person.[8]
Meanwhile, speaking is the action of conveying information or expressing ones thoughts and
feelings in spoken language. The speaking is a language activity characterized by informality,
by the absence of a deliberately assigned question, or problem to be discussed, by absence of
the need of reaching a decision and by frequently change of topics as state in the dictionary of
Education.[9]
Thus, teaching speaking is the way of the teachers to explore and built students potential in
learning speaking so that the students can convey information or express their thoughts and
feelings in spoken language.
1. Effortlessenglish.com materials
Effortlenglish.com is a commercial website that focuses on teaching English, particularly on
how to speak English fluently and automatically. This site is created by A.J. Hoge who has
experienced in teaching English for 20 years.
The most popular material of the site is known as seven rule concepts. Seven rule concepts
are designed to help teachers in teaching speaking. These concepts consist of seven rules that
guide students in learning speaking.

[1] Alfitri.M (2012),The Importance of Learning Foreign Languages.Retrived October

10,2012,from http://wismasastra.wordpress.com/2009/05/25/apa-bahasa-itu-sepuluhpengertian-bahasa-menurut-para-ahli/
[2] Suryosubroto. B (1997). Proses Belajar Mengajar di Sekolah, Jakarta:Rineka Cipta,
[3]Brown, G. & G. Yule (2000). Teaching the Spoken Language. Beijing: People Education
Press.
[4]Jan Noyes (2004). A communicating Skill: Speaking Everyones Language. Santa Rosa.
[5]Burkat, Grave Stovall(2000). Teaching Speaking. Retrived April 02,2013, from
http://www.nclrc.org/essentials/speaking/goalsspeak.htm.
[6]Yunsheng.Z(.2008) English Language Teaching: A Study of Autonomy English Learning
on the Internet. Foreign Language Department of Qinzhou University
[7]Zhao,H.Q(2003) A case study of Chinese EFL teachers views of and attitudes towards
ICT in the classroom. The University of Bath.

[8]Gage N.L (1964) Theories of teaching. In: Hilgard E R (ed.) (1964)Theories of Learning
and Instruction. National Society for the Study of Education Yearbook No. 63, Part 1.
Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press,
[9]Carter V Good (1997). Dictionary of Education. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company
Inc