AQUEDUCT TROUGH DESIGN

NAME OF WORK:-

AQUEDUCT THROUGH DESIGN

CANAL DATA
1
2

FOR AQUEDUCT (Vertical section)

0.6805 cumec

Discharge

3.00

Bed width

0.6805 cumec
5.00

270

m
10

F.S.D.

2.00

2.00

8 mm 2 ledge stirrups@ 300

Free Board

0.50

0.50

mm bars@

140

Bed slope

10

mm bars@

90

C.B.L.

16

mm bars@

220

F.B.

500

FSD

2000

180

:1

water Side slope

vertical :1

mm bars@

270

TBL 758.58

5000
2x 16 mm top anchor bar

F.S.L. 258.58

8
9

3000

1 in

256.58 m

M.W.D.

10 Span

12 Steel

Mcbc

st

3000
256.58 m

258.58 m

F.S.L.

11 Concrete

1 in

258.58

2.50

8.00

8000

mm

Inside

150

13 Water

Hench
10

2.50

20
7

16

200

mm bars@

6 x Bars

mmbars@ 110

mmbars@130

300
20
1.00

CBL 256.58

720

wt. of concrete 25000 kg/m3

m
300
13
Out side

st

190

wt

9800

200

200

kg/m3

14 Reinforcement (in wall)

Main Vertical

10

mm@

90

mm c/c

Disty.

mm@

140

mm c/c

15 Reinforcement (in Slab)

Main

16

mm @

110

mm c/c

Disty.

mm@

130

mm c/c

Main bottom

20

mm

16

mmNos.

mm@

300

mm c/c

16 Reinforcement (in wall Beam)

17 Distribution (in wall Beam)

two lgd. Strrirps

Nos.

18 Trough Wall thickness

270

mm

or

0.27

mtr

19 Trough Slab thickness

300

mm

or

0.30

mtr

Top anchor

Nos.

pk_nandwana@yahoo,co,in

AQUEDUCT TROUGH DESIGN

NAME OF WORK:-

AQUEDUCT THROUGH DESIGN

CANAL DATA
0.6805
cumec
3.00
m
1 :1
2.00
m
0.50
m
3000
256.58
m
258.58
m
2.50
m

Discharge
Bed width
water Side slope
F.S.D.
Free Board
Bed slope
C.B.L.
F.S.L.
M.W.D.

FOR QUEDUCT
0.6805
cumec
5.00
m
vertical
2.00
m
0.50
m
3000
256.58
m
258.58
m
2.50
m
8.00
m
50
mm
40
mm

Span (Proposed)
Nominal Cover
Effective cover
1 Design Constants:-

st =
cbc =
m

For HYSD Bars

for water side force
150 N/mm2
7
N/mm2

13
m*c
k=
=

m*c+st
j=1-k/3
1
R=1/2xc x j x k
0.5
st =
cbc =
m

x
for out side force
190 N/mm2
7
N/mm2

13
m*c
k=
=

m*c+st
j=1-k/3
1
R=1/2xc x j x k
0.5

Concrete M- 20
wt. of concrete = ### N/m3
wt of water = 9800 N/mm2
for water side force

13
x
7
13 x
7
+
0.378 /
3
7
x 0.87 x

150
0.378

= 0.378

0.378

= 0.874
= 1.155

J
R

=
=

0.874
1.155

wt. of concrete = ### N/m3

wt of water = 9800 N/mm2
for out side force
13
x
7
13 x
7
+ 190
0.324 /
3
7
x 0.892 x 0.324

2 DESIGN OF VERTICAL WALL:The trough wall is to be designed as a beam having a span of of

between supports Hence thickness should be equal to span/30
span
8.00 x 1000
=
30
30
Max.depth of water
=
2.50 m
span
3
wh
9800 x
2.50
B.M.
=
=
6
6
### x 1000

Effective depth required

=
=
Rxb
1.16 x 1000
Providing thickness "D"= 270 mm
cover =
50

= 0.324

0.324

= 0.892
= 1.011

J
R

=
=

0.892
1.011

8.00 m

270 mm say

=
3

8.00 m
=
=

270

25521 N-m
149

mm
25520833
n-mm

mm

mm, Effective depth = 220 mm

Steel required
Ast =

BMx1000
st x j x D

using 10 mm bars =
Hence Provided

spacing =A/Ast =
10 mm bars @

minimum steel to be provided for

distribution

25521 x 1000
= 867 mm2
0.892 x 220
3.14xdia2
3.14 x 10 x 10
A
=
=
= 78.5 mm2
4
x
100
4
78.50 x 1000 / 866.94 =
91 mm
1.45 m from base
90 mm c/c half the bars will be curtailed at
0.1 (
27
10 )
0.3
=
0.25 %
150 x

minimum steel to be provided for

distribution

0.3

Area of distribution steel

required

0.25 % of x section area

Steel of Each face

###

10

0.25

270
100

x 1000

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

using 8

mm bars

spacing =A/Ast
Hence Provided
8

679
2
A

=
Since tension face is out side

Net B.M. at center of span of slab=

Effective depth required

Provided Effective depth

= 3.14xdia2
= 3.14 x
8
4 x100
4
=
50.24 x 1000 / 339.43 =
148 mm
mm bars @ 140 mm c/c Each face

Fixing moment at end of slab =

Max. possible segging moment

0.25

WL2
8
106752

st

Rxb
250 mm
=

679 mm2

50.2 mm2

339 mm2

3 Design of Horizontal slabe :The trough slab having a span of of

between walls Hence thickness should be equal to span/20
span
5.00 x 1000
=
30
20
Adopt effective thickness of slab "T" =
250 mm cover =
50
Effective span of slab = BW+ depth
Loading
Load of water column = mwd x
9800 = 2.50 x
9800
Wt of slab = wt of concrete x area of slab
=
### x
1.00
per meter length
wH2
9800 x
2.50
Total water pressure on vertical wall=
=
2
2

###

- 30115
= 190
###
=
1.011
cover

5.00 m

250 mm say
5 +

0.25

2.50

2.5
3

5.27

5.27
8

76638

x
x
=

mm
=

30625

250

mm

Total thickness = 300 mm

0.27 = 5.27 m

=
=
=
+

24500
6250

N
N
30750 N
30625
0.3
2

= 30115 N-m

= 106752 N-m

kg-m The slab is design for this B.M.

J = 0.892 ,
R = 1.011
1000
= 275 mm
1000
mm
50
providing thickness
= 300 mm

Steel required
###
x 1000
= 1809 mm2
0.89 x 250
3.14xdia2
3.14 x 16 x 16
using 16mm bars =
A
=
=
= 201 mm2
4
x
100
4
spacing =A/Ast =
201 x 1000 / 1809 =
111 mm
Hence Provided
16 mm bars @
mm
c/c
110
30115
x
1000
Area of steel required at end (Near support) =
=
919 mm2
150 x 0.874 x 250
This is
< than half the steel provided at the center of span,However,
half the bars from the center of the span may be bent up at L/2 meter from supports.
Let us check whether this bending of half bars satisfies the enchorage and devlopments envisaged in
equation M1/V + Lo > Ld
1
1000 x
201
Where M1=
x
x 190 x 0.892 x 250
Ast x st x j x d=
2
110
=
38.71 x 10'6
N-mm
30750 x 5.27
V = shear force at the ends
=
= 81026 N
2
ls
ls
Lo =
x'
- 3 + 16 =
x'
+ 13
2
2
Where Ls = Length of support
= 270 mm and x' = side cover =
50
mm
Ast = BMx100/stxjxD=

190 x

M1
V

+ Lo

38.71 x 10'6
81026

270
2

50

13

16

= 771 mm

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

st
=
4 t bd
46.88 x
771 >

x
150
See table
Concrete

= 46.88
4
x
0.8
3.4
M 20
=
16 = 750 mm
or
750
Thus the requirement is satisfied
0.1
(
300
- 100 )
minimum steel to be provided for
=
0.3
=
0.24 %
distribution
100
450
0.24 x 300 x 1000
Area of distribution steel
=
0.24 % of x section area =
= 729 mm2
required
100
729
Steel of Each face
=
= 364 mm2
2
using 8
mm bars
A
= 3.14xdia2
= 3.14 x
8
x 8
= 50.2 mm2
4
4
spacing =A/Ast =
50.24 x 1000 / 364.29 = 138 cm
Hence Provided
mm bars @ 130 cm c/c Each face
8
Ld

4 Design of side wall as Beam :live load from slab =

total load on slab x bw / 2
thick.
Self load =
mwd
x
x
wt
Max. possible segging moment=
using st

190

Effective depth required

N/mm2

Actual depth '=

But providing thickness =
Steel required

WL2
8

###

= 30750 x
= 2.50 x
x

8.00
8
0.324

5
/
2
= 76875 kg-m
0.27 x
### = 16875 kg-m
Total Load
= 93750 kg-m
8.00
= 750000 Kg-m

k =
J = 0.892
750000 x 1000

=
= 1657 mm
Rxb
1.011 x 270
2.50 + 0.25 = 2.75 or 2750 mm
2750 mm - (2 x cover =
80
)= 2670 mm

R = 1.011

###
x 1000
= 1657 mm2
190 x 0.892 x 2670
using 20 mm bars
A
= 3.14xdia2
= 3.14 x 20 x 20
= 314 mm2
4 x100
4
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A = 1657 /
314 = 5.28
say
=
6 No.
Hence Provided
bars of
mm at Bottom
6
20
6
x 314
% of steel provided =
x
100 = 0.26 %
270 x 2670
total load x span
93750 x 8.0
Shear force
=
=
= 375000 kg.
2
2
Shear stress
shea force
375000.0
=
=
=
0.52 N/mm2
Beam Ht. x Beam Dt.
270
x 2670
Permissible shear stress for 0.26 % steel provided tc =
0.21 N/mm2 (See Table 3.1)
TV
Tc Hence shear reinforcement required
Shear reinforcenment required if
>
Vc = shear resistance of concrete =
tc.b.d = 0.21 x 2670 x 270 = 151389
N
Vs = V - V c
=
375000
151389 = 223611 N
st .d.Asv
190
x 2670
Spacing of strirrups is
Sv
Asv
=
=
= 2.27 Asv
Vs
given by
223611
2.175 x
fy
x
Asy
2.175 x 415 x Asv
While maximum permissible
<
<
< 3.34 Asv
spacing of shear stirip is
B
270
Sv
Hence
=
3.34 Asv
Hence using 8 mm dia
2 Legged stirrups A =
100.5 mm2
Sv
=
3.34 x 100.5 =
336 mm
subject to a max. = 300 mm
Hence provideed
mm Dia
legged shear stirrus
@ 300 mm c/c
8
2
Provide 2 x 12 mm hoilding bars at the top.
Ast = BMx100/stxjxD=

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

NAME OF WORK:-

AQUEDUCT THROUGH DESIGN

270

TBL 758.58
5000

270

2x 16 mm top anchor bar

10

mm bars@

F.B.

500

FSD

2000

180
F.S.L. 258.58

8 mm 2 ledge stirrups@
8

mm bars@

140

10

mm bars@

90

16

mm bars@

220
16

300

mmbars@

8
200

10

mm bars@

6 x Bars
CBL 256.58

110
mmbars@

130

300
20
1.00
720

300

200

200

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

Table 1.15. PERMISSIBLE DIRECT TENSILE STRESS

Grade of concrete

Tensile stress
N/mm2

M-10

M-15

M-20

M-25

M-30

M-35

M-40

1.2

2.0

2.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

4.4

Table 1.16.. Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm2)
Bending cbc
Direct (cc)
Grade of concrete
(N/mm2)
Kg/m2 (N/mm2)
Kg/m2
M 10
3.0
300
2.5
250
M 15
5.0
500
4.0
400
M 20
7.0
700
5.0
500
M 25
8.5
850
6.0
600
M 30
10.0
1000
8.0
800
M 35
11.5
1150
9.0
900
M 40
13.0
1300
10.0
1000
M 45
14.5
1450
11.0
1100
16.0
12.0
M 50
1600
1200

Permissible stress in bond (Average) for

plain bars in tention (N/mm2)

(N/mm2) in kg/m2
--0.6
60
0.8
80
0.9
90
1.0
100
1.1
110
1.2
120
1.3
130
1.4
140

Table 1.18. MODULAR RATIO

M-10
31
(31.11)

Grade of concrete

Modular ratio m

M-15
19
(18.67)

M-20
13
(13.33)

M-25
11
(10.98)

M-30
9
(9.33)

M-35
8
(8.11)

M-40
7
(7.18)

Table 2.1. VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete

M-15

M-20

M-25

M-30

M-35

M-40

Modular Ratio
cbc N/mm2

18.67
5

13.33
7

10.98
8.5

9.33
10

8.11
11.5

7.18
13

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

1.214

1.474

1.734

1.994

2.254

Pc (%)

0.714

1.214

1.429

1.643

1.857

kc

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

jc

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

Rc

0.732

1.025

1.244

1.464

1.684

1.903

Pc (%)

0.433

0.606

0.736

0.866

0.997

1.127

kc

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

jc

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

Rc

0.653

0.914

1.11

1.306

1.502

1.698

Pc (%)

0.314

0.44

0.534

0.628

0.722

0.816

m cbc

kc
jc
(a) st = 140
N/mm2 (Fe 250) Rc

(b) st = 190
N/mm2

(c ) st = 230
N/mm2 (Fe 415)

Shear stress tc
100As
bd
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61

M-20
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.32
0.32

Reiforcement %
100As
M-20
bd
0.18
0.15
0.19
0.18
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.22
0.27
0.23
0.3
0.24
0.32
0.25
0.35
0.26
0.38
0.27
0.41
0.28
0.44
0.29
0.47
0.30
0.5
0.31
0.55
0.32
0.6
0.33
0.65
0.34
0.7
0.35
0.75
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.88
0.38
0.94
0.39
1.00
0.4
1.08
0.41
1.16
0.42
1.25
0.43
1.33
0.44
1.41
0.45
1.50
0.46
1.63
0.46
1.64
0.47
1.75
0.48
1.88
0.49
2.00
0.50
2.13
0.51
2.25

0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15

0.32
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4

1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69

0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46

1.70
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23

0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50

2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.70
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77

0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.90
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15

0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

Table 3.1. Permissible shear stress Table c in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As

Permissible shear stress in concrete tc N/mm2

M-15
0.18
0.22
0.29
0.34
0.37
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44

bd
< 0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00 and above

M-20
0.18
0.22
0.30
0.35
0.39
0.42
0.45
0.47
0.49
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

M-25
0.19
0.23
0.31
0.36
0.40
0.44
0.46
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.56
0.57

M-30
0.2
0.23
0.31
0.37
0.41
0.45
0.48
0.50
0.53
0.55
0.57
0.58
0.6

M-35
0.2
0.23
0.31
0.37
0.42
0.45
0.49
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.60
0.62

M-40
0.2
0.23
0.32
0.38
0.42
0.46
0.49
0.52
0.55
0.57
0.60
0.62
0.63

200
1.20

175
1.25

Table 3.2. Facor k

Over all depth of slab

300 or more

1.00

275
1.05

250
1.10

225
1.15

Table 3.3. Maximum shear stress c.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

M-15
1.6

Grade of concrete

c.max

M-20
1.8

M-25
1.9

M-30
2.2

M-35
2.3

M-40
2.5

Table 3.4. Permissible Bond stress Table bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M10
bd (N / mm2
--

15
0.6

20
0.8

25
0.9

30
1

35
1.1

40
1.2

Table 3.5. Development Length in tension

Plain M.S. Bars
Grade of
concrete bd (N / mm2)
kd = Ld

bd

H.Y.S.D. Bars
(N / mm2)
kd = Ld

M 15

0.6

58

0.96

60

M 20

0.8

44

1.28

45

M 25

0.9

39

1.44

40

M 30

35

1.6

36

M 35

1.1

32

1.76

33

M 40

1.2

29

1.92

30

M 45

1.3

27

2.08

28

M 50

1.4

25

2.24

26

150 or less
1.30

crete (IS : 456-2000)

45
1.3

50
1.4