Sprains and Strains

A sprain is an injury to a ligament, and a strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon. A sprain is

usually caused by trauma to a joint. A strain is usually the result of overstretching or overuse of
muscles and tendons.
People at higher risk for sprains and strains include athletes, people who have had sprains and
strains before, and those who are overweight.
Signs and symptoms of sprains and strains include pain, swelling, bruising, and decreased range of
motion.
The main treatment (first aid) for all sprains and strains is RICE: rest, ice, compression, and
elevation.
Home remedies may include over-the-counter pain relievers. Physical therapy or massage may also
be prescribed.
Most sprains and strains heal completely with adequate treatment, though you will be at higher risk
of re-injuring the same area again.
Prevent sprains and strains by stretching and conditioning, wearing the proper shoes for sports, and
maintaining a healthy weight.

Sprains and Strains Overview

A sprain is an injury to a ligament, which is a band of tissue that connects one bone to another. A
strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon, which is a band of tissue that connects muscle to
bone. A strain is also sometimes referred to as a "torn muscle" or "muscle pull."
most often found in the lower and upper extremities, such as the ankle, knee, elbow, or wrist. The most
common sprain site is the ankle joint. More than 628,000 ankle sprains are estimated to occur annually
in the United States. The most common strain sites are the lumbar spine (lower back) and the
hamstring muscle in the back of the thigh.

Causes of Sprains and Strains

A sprain is usually caused by trauma to a joint (the space between bones). Twisting or forces overstretch
the ligaments (such as hyperextension or hyperflexion) and can cause tears in the ligament tissue, which
can be graded from mild to severe depending on the amount of damage. Sprains can happen when
people twist an ankle or knee or fall on an elbow or shoulder.
A strain is usually the result of overstretching or overuse of muscles and tendons. An acute
strain can be the result of sudden twisting or trauma to the muscles or tendons. Chronic strains
are the consequence of overuse of muscles and tendons, such as with athletes who train
constantly and do not rest adequately.

Risk Factors for Sprains and Strains

Athletes
Jumping sports (for example, basketball, volleyball) carry a higher risk of foot, knee,
and ankle strains and sprains.

Gymnastics, tennis, golf carry higher a risk of hand, wrist, and elbow strains and

o
sprains.

Contact sports (for example, hockey, football) carry a higher risk of sprains and strains

o
of any type.
o

Endurance sports (for example,running, triathlon) carry a higher risk of strains from
overuse.
Those with a history of prior sprains or strains
People who are overweight
People who are starting physical activity or exercise programs for the first time
People with neurologic problems or balance disorders may be at higher risk for strain and
sprain injuries from falling

Symptoms and Signs of Sprains and Strains

Sprains tend to have symptoms more localized to the injured joint. When the joint is
injured, it's possible to feel a tear or pop in the joint. Pain is usually immediate, and
depending on the severity of the injury, it may not be possible to use the joint. Signs and
symptoms of sprains include

pain,

swelling,

bruising,

instability of the joint,

decreased range of motion.

Strains, whether acute or chronic, have symptoms localized to the muscle groups or
tendons that are injured. Pain can be over a small area, or a larger area, such as a
group of muscles. Pain can be immediate in an acute strain, or it may be delayed in the
case of an overuse injury. Signs and symptoms of strains include

pain,

inflammation,

muscle spasm,

muscle cramping,

muscle weakness,

bruising may occur but may be delayed for several days.

Diagnosis of Sprains and Strains

Most sprains and strains are diagnosed by a history and physical exam. A doctor will examine the
joint or muscle group and move them through their normal range of motion, looking for pain,
tenderness, weakness, or instability.
If there is a possibility of a bone injury orfracture, an X-ray may be ordered.Magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) is sometimes necessary to determine the exact extent of the injury because
strains and sprains occur in soft tissue and do not show up on routine X-rays.

A doctor will determine the severity of a sprain or strain injury by degree.

Degrees of sprains, from mild to severe

First degree: limited pain or swelling to the joint, no instability

Second degree: moderate pain, swelling, and bruising, and some instability during range of
motion

Third degree: severe pain, swelling, and bruising; joint is unstable; ligament is ruptured or torn
completely

Degrees of strains, from mild to severe

First degree: limited pain, mild tenderness

Second degree: moderate pain; limited range of motion; swelling and bruising possible

Third degree: severe pain, limited or no movement, muscle tissue severely damaged and
torn

Treatment and Home Remedies for Sprains and Strains

Mild sprains and strains can be treated conservatively using home remedies and overthe-counter medications.
The main treatment (first aid) for all sprains and strains is RICE: rest, ice, compression,
and elevation. A more severe sprain or strain may require evaluation by a doctor. Joint
or extremity splitting or immobilization may be needed. Some severe sprains and strains
may require surgery.
Some sprain and strain injuries may require physical therapy to help the tissue heal and
to retain and strengthen the muscles and tendons.
For pain, over-the-counter pain relievers may be helpful.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) help reduce pain, inflammation, and swelling
(use in children varies; discuss with a pediatrician)

Aspirin (caution; do not use in children)

Naproxen (Aleve)

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Pain-relief creams such as Aspercream and Biofreeze

There are also some complementary therapies and home remedies that may help
reduce inflammation and ease pain. Consult a doctor before using any home remedy.

Glucosamine and chondroitin

Vitamin C and beta-carotene

Zinc

Herbs
o

Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

White willow (Salix alba)

Homeopathic remedies
o

Arnica

Rhus toxicodendron

Ruta

Acupuncture, chiropractic, and massage are all other treatment modalities that may help
someone recover from a sprain or strain injury. Consult a doctor to see if these
adjunctive therapies are advised.

Prognosis of Sprains and Strains

The prognosis of a sprain or strain injury depends on the severity and the site of the
injury. Most sprains and strains heal completely with adequate treatment, though there
will be a higher risk of reinjuring the same area again.

Mild sprains or strains may take two to six weeks for recovery, while severe sprains or
strains may take six months to a year to fully heal.

Prevention of Sprains and Strains

It is possible to prevent many sprains and strains from occurring. The American
Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons suggests the following to help reduce one's injury
risk:

Participate in a conditioning program to build muscle strength.

Do stretching exercises daily.

Always wear properly fitting shoes.

Nourish the muscles by eating a well-balanced diet.

Warm up before any sports activity, including practice.

Use or wear protective equipment appropriate for that sport.

In addition to the above suggestions, prevent future sprains and strains by

maintaining a healthy weight;

wearing proper-fitting shoes, designed for the specific activity;

keeping household areas safe to prevent falls;

not participating in sports or exercise if overly tired or in pain.

Lumbosacral Spine Sprain/Strain Injuries

Author: Andrea Radebold, MD; Chief Editor: Craig C Young, MD

Low back pain (LBP) is a well-known health concern in the United States. Although the incidence of low back
injuries is much less in athletes than in a corresponding population of industrial workers. The most common
causes of LBP in athletes are musculoligamentous sprains and strains, which occur mainly at the lumbosacral
region.

Epidemiology
United States
Studies document that 7-13% of all sports injuries in intercollegiate athletes are low back injuries. The most
common back injuries are muscle strains (60%), followed by disc injuries (7%). Athletes are more likely to
sustain injuries in practice (80%) than during competition (6%)

Functional Anatomy
Sprains are ligamentous injuries that are caused by a sudden violent contraction, sudden torsion, severe direct
blows, or a forceful straightening from a crouched position. All major ligaments (ie, anterior longitudinal,
posterior longitudinal, yellow, intertransversal, capsular, interspinosus, supraspinosus) can sustain sprains;
however, the posterior ligaments are more prone to injury. The posterior longitudinal ligament, for example, is
the biggest of this group of ligaments and is less developed than its anterior counterpart.

Strains are defined as tears, either partial or complete, of the muscle-tendon unit. Muscle strains and tears
most frequently result from a violent muscular contraction during an excessively forceful muscular stretch. Any
posterior spinal muscle and its associated tendon can be involved, although the most susceptible muscles are
those that span several joints.

Sport-Specific Biomechanics
The lumbar spine bears tremendous loads: the large, superimposed body weight interacts with additional
forces that are generated by lifting as well as other activities that involve powerful forces. The lumbar spine and
the hips are responsible for the mobility of the trunk. The L4-5 and L5-S1 areas bear the highest loads and tend
to undergo the most motion. Consequently, these areas are found to sustain the most spinal strain or sprain
injuries. In addition, load-bearing strain and sprain injuries most frequently occur during the strongest coupling
patterns (ie, lateral bending with flexion-extension, axial rotation with lateral bending).

The bony architecture and the ligamentous elements constitute the structural components of the spine. [9] The
muscles and tendons constitute the dynamic elements. With all elements intact, the biomechanical function of
the spine is normal. The intrinsic translatory and rotatory stability of the spine is provided by the ligaments. The
contribution of a given ligament depends not only upon its particular strength, but also upon its location.
Moreover, a ligament may contribute relatively more to either the translatory or rotatory stability, depending
upon the loading circumstances. Assuming that all ligaments are made of the same material, the strength of a
ligament is proportional to its cross-sectional area. A ligament with a larger cross-sectional area provides
greater stability and less displacement when the functional spinal unit (FSU) is subject to physiologic loads.
Another factor that contributes to spinal stability is the distance of a ligament from the center of rotation. [10] A
ligament that is located close to the center of rotation provides much less stability against bending than a
ligament that is further away from the rotation center. The interspinous ligaments in the adult lumbar spine are
frequently absent, ruptured, or degenerated and do not contribute to stability of the spine. However,
supraspinous ligaments do play a role in stabilizing the spine. Muscles provide stability to the spine during all
dynamic movements and actions. Injured trunk muscles can decrease spinal stability if the intact muscles are
not able to compensate for the dysfunction of the injured unit.
Spinal instability can occur as a result of trauma, disease, surgery, or some combination of the 3 causes.
Clinical instability is defined as a loss of the ability of the spine to maintain relationships between vertebrae
under physiologic loads in such a way that (1) there is neither initial nor subsequent damage to the spinal cord
or nerve roots, and (2) there is no development of incapacitating deformity or severe pain. Instability leads to
abnormal kinetics (stiffness) and/or kinematics (coupling patterns).
When the tissues surrounding the spine are damaged, structures embedded within those tissues may also
become temporarily or permanently harmed. Proprioceptors, including muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs,
and joint receptors, are of great importance for postural control. Damaged proprioceptors weaken the stability
of the spine and may lead to reinjuries or chronic problems. Although some studies document changes in the
normal quality and quantity of motion, there has been no compelling correlation of either with pain behavior.

History
Obtain the following key information:

The mechanism of injury, with an exact description of the event leading to the pain
The exact localization and duration of the pain
Any pain radiation
Movements that aggravate or minimize the pain

Typical symptoms are pain and spasm that are localized over the posterior lumbar spinal muscle bellies lateral
to the spinous process or at the insertion of the muscle at the iliac crest.
If the injury is confined to a sprain or strain injury, then structural deformities, a generalized midback pain
indicating disc involvement, and neurologic symptoms should be absent.
Range of motion (ROM), particularly in flexion, is usually painful and decreased.
Any neurologic compromise, (eg, numbness in the lower extremity, motor weakness) or any urinary or fecal
incontinence syndrome indicates the possible presence of disc prolapse, nerve root impingement, or spinal
canal stenosis

Physical
With the patient in a standing position, evaluate for obvious deformities, changes in alignment, or difficulties in
achieving changes in position or full ROM. Evaluation of these signs may provide clues to muscle spasm(s)
and activities that worsen the patient's pain.
Palpation of painful area: Palpation, performed with the patient in a prone position, helps to reveal the area and
the size of muscle spasm(s) and the location of any point tenderness, if present. A point-specific midline back
pain between the spinous processes indicates a ligamentous injury or lumbar interspinous bursitis ("kissing
spines").
Neurologic examination: Evaluation of the lower extremities should include a motor examination, a sensory
evaluation, and reflex testing at the knees and ankles. The straight-leg raising test helps to evaluate disc
involvement, sciatica, or a neurologic deficit. A positive Patrick test points to a sacroiliac joint inflammation, but
this test should be negative in lumbosacral sprains and strains.

Laboratory Studies
See the list below:

Laboratory studies are generally not indicated as a routine diagnostic tool in the evaluation of
lumbosacral spine sprain/strain injuries.
Suggestive findings for rheumatic disease, such as ankylosing spondylitis, are increased levels of
human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, leukocytes (4.5-11 x 10 3), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
(male: 0-20 mm/h; female: 0-30 mm/h).

Imaging Studies
See the list below:

Although sprain and strain injuries only involve the soft tissue, standard anteroposterior and lateral
radiographs of the lumbar spine should be routinely obtained to (1) exclude a fracture, rheumatic disease, or
a tumor growth; and (2) to evaluate degenerative joint disease as well as overall spinal alignment.
If an individual with LBP does not respond to conservative treatment and develops neurologic signs, a
computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance image (MRI) may be considered to evaluate for disc
herniation and involvement of the nerve roots.

Acute Phase
Rehabilitation Program
Physical Therapy
Cold therapy for a short period (up to 48 h) should be applied to the affected area to limit the localized tissue
inflammation and edema. The physical therapist may recommend electrical stimulation to be completed in
conjunction with the ice to help further decrease pain and inflammation. The patient should also be instructed in
the proper body mechanics with everyday tasks (eg, getting in/out of bed) to ensure no further unnecessary
stress is applied to the injured area.

Medical Issues/Complications
In the acute phase of LBP, bed rest may be considered for a short period (< 48 h). However, most studies now
support the affected individual maintaining some activity level, even in the acute phase, as this results in a
more rapid functional recovery. Sports activities, particularly those involving weight lifting and extreme ROM of
the spine, should be avoided as long as the patient's pain persists

Other Treatment
Intramuscular (IM) injections of muscle relaxants or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) at the site
of the pain may help to control muscle spasms.

Avoid manipulation of the affected area during the acute phase of the injury.
A lightweight lumbosacral corset may also be used to help control muscle spasms.
should be discontinued as soon as the spasms have resolved.

[14]

Use of the corset

Recovery Phase
Rehabilitation Program
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy in the recovery phase of LBP initially involves a light program of muscle stretching and
strengthening for the abdominal and paraspinal muscles. In conjunction with this program, various modalities
(eg, heat, ice, ultrasound, electrical stimulation) and soft-tissue massage may help make the athlete more
comfortable.
Recreational Therapy
In everyday life, the athlete should be instructed to maintain an upright posture of the spine when sitting,
standing, and lifting or moving things.

Surgical Intervention
Surgery is generally not necessary in the treatment of lumbosacral spine sprains or strains.

Consultations
If the athlete does not have a good response to conservative treatment, and radiographs or laboratory tests
suggest a rheumatic disease, the athlete should be seen by a rheumatologist. If a neurologic deficit surfaces or
if one that was previously noted progresses, a spine surgeon should be consulted.

Other Treatment (Injection, manipulation, etc.)

Light muscle massage to relax the involved muscle group and chiropractic manipulations have been reported to
relieve muscle pain and spasms, thus making the athlete more tolerant to his or her rehabilitation exercise
program. However, IM injections of muscle relaxants may still be necessary

Maintenance Phase
Rehabilitation Program
Physical Therapy
A physical therapy program must be tailored to the individual patient and should take into consideration the
initial status of the patient's pain, muscle strength, and shortening of any given muscle group. The program
should then be adjusted in every session according to the progress that is made in the patient's pain reduction,
strength, and flexibility. Physical therapy programs may need to be implemented for 1-2 weeks, or they may
need to be continued for several months.
A balance between muscle strengthening and flexibility must be sought. When the affected muscles are strong
enough, strengthening and flexibility exercises should also be performed on labile surfaces (eg, Swiss ball
[Sissel-Online Ltd, Mission, British Columbia, Canada]) to rehabilitate the proprioceptors. All exercises should
take into consideration the abdominal, paraspinal, and hip muscles.

Medication Summary
The goal of pharmacotherapy is to reduce patient morbidity and prevent complications. In acute injuries,
pharmacotherapy should usually not exceed 6 weeks of treatment.

Muscle relaxants
Class Summary
In the acute phase, muscle relaxants (IM injection or tablets) help to treat muscle spasms and facilitate light
physical therapy.[15] However, muscle relaxants have not been shown to shorten or alter the course of the injury
process.

Methocarbamol (Robaxin)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)

Class Summary
NSAIDs are generally used to treat muscle pain in the acute and maintenance phases of treatment. These
drugs usually have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. The ability of NSAIDs to inhibit

prostaglandin synthesis may be involved in the anti-inflammatory effect; these agents are indicated in the acute
and maintenance phase of the pain treatment for lumbosacral injuries.
Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are generally not recommended as first-line treatment.

Return to Play
Symptoms usually decrease after 3 days, and they should subside between 1-6 weeks. A safe return to play is
only possible when the patient feels neither pain nor discomfort, so that the spinal muscles can react and
perform appropriately. Pain-avoiding behavior that is caused by any remaining symptoms could place the
patient at risk for reinjury. A return to play under pain medication is not recommended because the medication
may take away the body's natural warning signal to stop a painful and subsequently harmful action, thereby
increasing the risk for aggravating the existing injury or causing reinjury.

Prevention
Use of a lumbosacral muscle corset that supports all the trunk muscles, balancing the abdominal and back
muscles, helps to stabilize the lumbar spine.[14]
The stabilization of the spine also depends on appropriate and fast muscle reactions to suddenly changing
postures of the spine. Studies suggest that the proprioceptive abilities of the trunk muscles play a key role in
the prevention and rehabilitation of low back injuries. Exercises including or emphasizing proprioceptive
activities (eg, Swiss ball) help the patient to expedite recovery from the injury and may prevent further injuries.
A good upright posture while the patient is standing, sitting, and lifting during everyday life and the
implementation of exercise routines helps to take unnecessary strain off the spinal structures.

Prognosis
Most (90%) lumbosacral injuries have been reported to subside within 6 weeks irrespective of treatment. The
remaining 10% of such injuries may develop into chronic lumbosacral pain without treatment.

Education
All athletes should be educated about proper warm-up exercises, proper stretching exercises, and correct
weight-lifting techniques. Furthermore, firm, upright posture while the patient is standing, sitting, and lifting
provides additional bracing for the spine, thus minimizing the stress on the spinal tissues.

Sprains, Strains and Other Soft-Tissue Injuries

The most common soft tissues injured are muscles, tendons, and ligaments. These injuries often occur during sports
and exercise activities, but sometimes simple everyday activities can cause an injury.

Cause
Soft-tissue injuries fall into two basic categories: acute injuries and overuse injuries.

Acute injuries are caused by a sudden trauma, such as a fall, twist, or blow to the body. Examples of an
acute injury include sprains, strains, and contusions.

Overuse injuries occur gradually over time, when an athletic or other activity is repeated so often, areas of
the body do not have enough time to heal between occurrences. Tendinitis and bursitis are common softtissue overuse injuries.

Common Acute Soft-Tissue Injuries

Acute soft-tissue injuries vary in type and severity. When an acute injury occurs, initial treatment with the RICE
protocol is usually very effective. RICE stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.

Rest. Take a break from the activity that caused the injury. Your doctor may recommend that you use
crutches to avoid putting weight on your leg.

Ice. Use cold packs for 20 minutes at a time, several times a day. Do not apply ice directly to the skin.

Compression. To prevent additional swelling and blood loss, wear an elastic compression bandage.

Elevation. To reduce swelling, elevate the injury higher than your heart while resting.

Sprains
A sprain is a stretch and/or tear of a ligament, a strong band of connective tissue that connect the end of one bone
with another. Ligaments stabilize and support the body's joints. For example, ligaments in the knee connect the
thighbone with the shinbone, enabling people to walk and run.
The areas of your body that are most vulnerable to sprains are your ankles, knees, and wrists. A sprained ankle can
occur when your foot turns inward, placing extreme tension on the ligaments of your outer ankle. A sprained knee can
be the result of a sudden twist, and a wrist sprain can occur when falling on an outstretched hand.
Sprains are classified by severity:

Grade 1 sprain (mild): Slight stretching and some damage to the fibers (fibrils) of the ligament.

Grade 2 sprain (moderate): Partial tearing of the ligament. There is abnormal looseness (laxity) in the joint
when it is moved in certain ways.

Grade 3 sprain (severe): Complete tear of the ligament. This causes significant instability and makes the
joint nonfunctional.

While the intensity varies, pain, bruising, swelling, and inflammation are common to all three categories of sprains.
Treatment for mild sprains includes RICE and sometimes physical therapy exercises. Moderate sprains often require
a period of bracing. The most severe sprains may require surgery to repair torn ligaments.

Strains
A strain is an injury to a muscle and/or tendons. Tendons are fibrous cords of tissue that attach muscles to the bone.
Strains often occur in your foot, leg (typically the hamstring) or back.
a strain may be a simple stretch in your muscle or tendon, or it may be a partial or complete tear in the muscle-andtendon combination. Typical symptoms of a strain include pain, muscle spasm, muscle weakness, swelling,
inflammation, and cramping.
Soccer, football, hockey, boxing, wrestling and other contact sports put athletes at risk for strains, as do sports that
feature quick starts, such as hurdling, long jump, and running races. Gymnastics, tennis, rowing, golf and other sports
that require extensive gripping, have a high incidence of hand sprains. Elbow strains frequently occur in racquet,
throwing, and contact sports.
The recommended treatment for a strain is the same as for a sprain: rest, ice, compression and elevation. This
should be followed by simple exercises to relieve pain and restore mobility. Surgery may be required for a more
serious tear.

Contusions (Bruises)
A contusion is a bruise caused by a direct blow or repeated blows, crushing underlying muscle fibers and connective
tissue without breaking the skin. A contusion can result from falling or jamming the body against a hard surface. The
discoloration of the skin is caused by blood pooling around the injury.
Most contusions are mild and respond well with the RICE protocol. If symptoms persist, medical care should be
sought to prevent permanent damage to the soft tissues

Common Overuse Soft-Tissue Injuries

Tendinitis
Tiny tears in the Achilles tendon cause it to swell and thicken.

Tendinitis is an inflammation or irritation of a tendon or the covering of a tendon (called a sheath). It is caused by a
series of small stresses that repeatedly aggravate the tendon. Symptoms typically include swelling and pain that
worsens with activity.
Professional baseball players, swimmers, tennis players, and golfers are susceptible to tendinitis in their shoulder and
arms. Soccer and basketball players, runners, and aerobic dancers are prone to tendon inflammation in their legs and
feet.
Tendinitis may be treated by rest to eliminate stress, anti-inflammatory medication, steroid injections, splinting, and
exercises to correct muscle imbalance and improve flexibility. Persistent inflammation may cause significant damage
to the tendon, which may require surgery.

Bursitis
Bursae, are small, jelly-like sacs that are located throughout the body, including around the shoulder, elbow, hip,
knee, and heel. They contain a small amount of fluid, and are positioned between bones and soft tissues, acting as
cushions to help reduce friction.
Bursitis is inflammation of a bursa. Repeated small stresses and overuse can cause the bursa in the shoulder, elbow,
hip, knee or ankle to swell. Many people experience bursitis in association with tendinitis.

Swelling associated with elbow bursitis.

Bursitis can usually be relieved by changes in activity and possibly with anti-inflammatory medication, such as
ibuprofen. If swelling and pain do not respond to these measures, your doctor may recommend removing fluid from
the bursa and injecting a corticosteroid medication into the bursa. The steroid medication is an anti-inflammatory drug
that is stronger than the medication that can be taken by mouth. Corticosteroid injections usually work well to relieve
pain and swelling.
Although surgery is rarely necessary for bursitis, if the bursa becomes infected, an operation to drain the fluid from
the bursa may be necessary. In addition, if the bursa remains infected or the bursitis returns after all nonsurgical
treatments have been tried, your doctor may recommend removal of the bursa.
Removal (excision) of the bursa can be done using a standard incision (open procedure), or as an arthroscopic
procedure with small incisions and surgical instruments. Your doctor will talk with you about the best procedure for
your medical needs.

Apa Itu Kinesiotapping

Kalau anda biasa lihat plester warna-warni yang biasa dipakai atlet di bagian tubuhnya saat berolaharga/bertanding,
nah itulah yang dinamakan KINESIOTAPING
Apa itu kinesiotaping ?????
Plester ini terbuat dari bahan khusus yang sangat elastis seperti katun dan acrylic

adhesive

back. Dengan desain permukaan seperti ular, plester ini terasa sangat lengket di badan pemakai sehingga tidak mud
ah terlepas. Kinesio taping ini juga sangat fleksibel dan dapat dikenakan pada sebagian besar bagian dari tubuh yan
g memungkinkan kita untuk melakukan gerakan penuh.
Apa kegunaan dari kinesiotaping ?????
1.

Fungsi utama dari plester ini adalah untuk memberikan elastisitas lebih kuat bagi otot-otot yang terasa kejang d

an juga melindungi serta mendukung otot.

2.

memperbaiki sirkulasi darah

3.

mengurangi rasa sakit atau nyeri

4.

membuat kerja otot lebih nyaman

5.

mensupport atau membantu kerja persendian sebagai penyokong

6.

mengurangi bengkak, sehingga membantu proses penyembuhan

7.

mencegah cedera

Pada kasus apa saja kinesiotaping dapat diberikan :

Cedera olahraga, nyeri bahu, otot robek, nyeri punggung (LBP), sendi tidak stabil, nyeri leher, stroke, dll
Apakah ada efek sampingnya ???
Efek samping dari kinesiotaping ini hampir tidak ada, hanya apabila pemasangannya dilakukan tidak benar justru aka
n memperparah cidera anda, atau anda tidak akan mendapatkan manfaat dari plester ini. Penyebab beberapa orang
tidak merasakan manfaat dari plester ini karena pemasangannya yang keliru !!
Kinesiotaping ini kini diproduksi olaeh berbagai negara dengan kualitas yang berbeda-beda sehingga harganya berv
ariatif. Pastikan Anda mendapatkan kinesiotaping dengan kualitas terbaik di Clinic

Read more: http://www.artikel.indonesianrehabequipment.com/2012/12/apa-itukinesiotapping.html#ixzz3yCdjL9S7