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and sometimes thousands of dollars in extra annual costs for those who do not participate.
Typically, participation means filling out detailed health questionnaires, undergoing medical
screenings, and in some cases attending weight-loss or smoking-cessation programs.
One of the arguments presented in the lawsuit against three employers is that requiring medical
testing violates the Americans with Disabilities Act.
That 1990 law, according to employment-law attorney Joseph Lazzarotti of Jackson Lewis P.C. in
Morristown, N.J., largely prohibits requiring medical tests as part of employment.
"You can't make medical inquiries unless it's consistent with job-necessity, or part of a voluntary
wellness program," he said.
The lawsuits are based on the view that it is no longer voluntary if employees face up to $4,000 in
penalties for non-participation, loss of insurance or even their jobs.
Employers, however, see the lawsuits as reneging on the administration's commitment to an
important part of the healthcare reform.
On Nov. 14, Roundtable president John Engler sent a letter to the Labor, Treasury and Health and
Human Services cabinet secretaries who oversee Obamacare asking them to "thwart all future
inappropriate actions against employers who are complying with" the law's wellness rules, and
warning of "a chilling effect across the country."
Asked for a response to the letter, an administration official told Reuters that it supported workplace
health promotion and prevention "while ensuring that individuals are protected from unfair
underwriting practices that could otherwise reduce benefits based on health status."
UNDERMINING OBAMACARE
In practical terms, large corporations have several ways to undermine Obamacare if they decide to.
One is to support legal challenges to the subsidies given to low-income individuals who buy health
insurance on the federal exchange established under the law. Neither the Business Roundtable nor
any of its CEO members have done this so far. The Supreme Court is expected to hear oral
arguments in the case in 2015.
Another option is to make top executives available for hearings on repealing or diluting Obamacare.
"We never did this before," said the person familiar with the executives' thinking. "But they could
turn up the noise. I don't think the White House would want the CEOs turning on them and
supporting these efforts on the Hill."
The nuclear option would be to radically change employer-sponsored health insurance. Large
corporations are highly unlikely to eliminate it, but they might give workers a fixed amount of money
to buy coverage on a private insurance exchange. That would allow employers, almost all of which
pay workers' medical claims out of their earnings, to cap their healthcare spending.
(Reporting by Sharon Begley; Editing by Michele Gershberg and Tomasz Janowski)