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Drugi nacionalni izvjetaj

Bosne i Hercegovine u skladu


s Okvirnom konvencijom
Ujedinjenih nacija
Juni 2013. godine

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

Autori:

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

Projektni odbor:

Svjetlana Radusin, Ministarstvo za prostorno ureenje, graevinarstvo i ekologiju Republike Srpske

can potentially
refer ito
any type ofodnosa
ICT used
by citizens,
and involves everything
Senad e-Accessibility
Oprai, Ministarstvo
vanjske trgovine
ekonomskih
Bosne
i Hercegovine
from
websites
for e-government
services,
telephony
support
fori Hercegovine
blind people to subtitling on
Mehmed
Cero, Federalno
ministarstvo
okolia i to
turizma
Federacije
Bosne
television.
Up to 15 percent
of thedistrikta
population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Isak Abdurahmanovi,
Vlada Brko
visual,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor
impairment,
and SEE countries can expect to have a
Goran hearing,
Vukmir, Razvojni
program
Ujedinjenih
nacija,
Bosne i Hercegovine
similar or higher proportion.

Struni
tim
za SNC:
A perhaps
surprising
number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
Sanjin
Avdi, legal
ef Odsjeka
za energiju
i zatitu
ivotne sredine,
Razvojni to
program
Ujedinjenih but
nacija,
the
relevant
context.
No single
EU directive
is dedicated
e-Accessibility,
actions are
Bosne
i
Hercegovine
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
Raduka
Cupa,
koordinatorica
(for
copyright
exemptions),
andprojekta
the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Martin
Tais,
voa
tima
za
izradu
inventara
staklenikih
plinova
is also covered by policy, and guidelines
and benchmarking
exist for programmatic support.
Nusret
Drekovi,
voa
tima
za
ublaavanje
klimatskih
promjena
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Goran Trbi, voa tima za prilagoavanje na klimatske promjene
Borislav
Jaki,
There
is UNFCCC
at least asavjetnik
five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Andrea 1.
Muharemovi,
AzrudininHusika,
Bojan
Rajevi,
Bosiljka
Stojanovi,
edomirto
Crnogorac,
Davorin
It is worthwhile
its own
right
to improve
access
to services
people who
areBaji,
already
ore Stefanovi,
ore It
Vojinovi,
Arnautovi Aksi,
Emina
marginalized.
helps Dragana
fulfil theStojisavljevi,
promise ofDragica
the Information
Society
to Hadi,
reduceEsena
rather than
Kupusovi,
Goran
Popovi,
Gordana
Tica,
Hamid
ustovi,
Kadira
Moevi,
Mediha
Voloder,
Merima
Karabegovi,
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Milan Mataruga,
Milovan
Nada
Rudan, Predrag
Ili,groups.
Radoslav Deki, Rajko Gnjato, Ranka Radi, Sabina
area is likely
toKotur,
further
marginalize
these
Hodi, Samir ug, Sandra Popovi, Slavia Jelisi, Vladimir urevi, eljko Majstorovi, Zijad Jagodi

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

Drugi nacionalni izvjetaj Bosne i Hercegovine u skladu sa Okvirnom konvencijom Ujedinjenih nacija je usvojen
3. Vije
Improving
e-Accessibility
for the 08.
marginalized
also lead to improved access for
od strane
ministara
Bosne i Hercegovine
oktobra 2013.could
g.
2

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

Sadraj:

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

Saetak8

5. Pursuinguapproaches
that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
1. Okolnosti
dravi19
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE icountries.
1.1. Struktura
institucionalni okvir 
19
1.1.1. Odgovornosti ministarstava i drugih organa za pitanja okolia

1.1.2. Statistika okolia 


1.2.
About this report
1.2. Geografske karakteristike 

20
21
22

1.3. Stanovnitvo

22

The
specific goals of klime
this report are:
1.4. Karakteristike

23

1.5. Analiza sektora 

24

1. to outline
the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
1.5.1. Privreda
i industrija
24
instruments
and
strategic
level
documents;
1.5.2. Energija 
27
1.5.3. Transport

29

1.5.5. umarstvo

33

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


1.5.4. Poljoprivreda
31
with disabilities;
3. to assess
the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
1.5.6. Upravljanje
otpadom
34
4.
to
identify
good
practices
in
the
region;
1.5.7. Upravljanje vodnim resursima 
35
5.
to
develop
a
set
of
recommendations
for
government
and
other
stakeholders
on
how
to:
1.5.8. Zdravstvo
36
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
1.5.9. Obrazovanje
37
comply
with
requirements
for
the
UN
and
EU.
1.6. Izazovi dugoronog razvoja - Milenijski razvojni ciljevi MRC
38
Proraun emisije staklenikih plinova40
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that
is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed40by
2.1. Metodologija
the
UNDP Country
Office iinobrade
Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by 41
the
2.2. Sistem
prikupljanja
podataka

UNDPs
Democratic
Governance
2.2.1. Proraun
emisijskih
faktora Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
42
in
the
implementation
of
the
Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority
Area
of
the
e-SEE
Agenda+,
the
2.2.2. Izvjetavanje 
43
regional
action kvaliteta
plan for(eng.
Information
Society
development,
and(eng.
theQuality
UNCRPD.
The programmatic
2.2.3. Kontrola
Quality Control)
i osiguranje
kvaliteta
Assurance)
43
priorities
of theCORINAIR
project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
2.3. Sistem
44
2.

2.4. Rezultati prorauna emisije staklenikih plinova 1991-2001.

45

2.4.4. Kljuni izvori emisije

53

The project
being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
2.4.1. Emisija
CO2 poissektorima
48
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on
their
existing
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Empowering
2.4.1.1. Energetika
49
Marginalised
Groups
in
e-Governance
and
the
e-SEE
Secretariat
are
positioned
within
the
Social
2.4.1.2. Industrijski procesi
50
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
The
UNDP
Country
Office
in
Sarajevo
is
working
closely
2.4.1.3. Ponori - LUCF
50
with
the
fellow
UNDP
Country
Offices
in
the
region,
while
the
Office
of
Senior
ICT
Advisor
at
the
BDP
2.4.2. Emisija metana (CH4) po sektorima
52
in
New
York
is
providing
expertise
and
playing
an
advisory
role.
Government-appointed
members
2.4.2.1. Poljoprivreda
52of
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
2.4.2.2.
vrsti otpad

52
respective
countries.
2.4.3. Emisija
azotnog suboksida (N2O)53

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
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u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
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AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
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CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

2.4.5. Emisija indirektnih staklenikih plinova

55

2.5.

Procjena nesigurnosti prorauna

58

2.5.1. Nesigurnost procjene emisije CO2

58

2.6. Verificiranje prorauna

59

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

3. Ocjena ranjivosti sektora i prilagoavanje na izmijenjene klimatske uvjete61

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
3.1. Osmotrene klimatske promjene u Bosni i Hercegovini
61
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
3.1.1. Promjene temperature
62
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
3.1.2. Promjene koliine padavina
64
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
3.1.3. Klimatska varijabilnost i procjena ekstremnih dogaaja

66

3.1.3.1. Procjena ekstremnih dnevnih padavina

67

3.1.4. Analiza padavina i sua na teritoriji BiH na osnovu Standardiziranog indeksa padavina (SPI)
1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?
3.2.
Projekcije buduih klimatskih promjena

68
71

e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
3.2.1. A1B scenarij,
2001-2030.

71
such
as
older
populations
experience
when
seeking
to
participate
on
equal
terms
in
the
Information
3.2.2. A1B scenarij, 2071-2100.
72
Society.
3.2.3. A2 scenarij, 2071-2100.
73
3.2.4. Sumarni prikaz scenarija

73

e-Accessibility
can potentially
to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
3.3. Utjecaji
klimatskih
promjena porefer
sektorima
75
from
for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
3.3.1.websites
Poljoprivreda
75
television.
Up to na
15 poljoprivredu
percent of the
acrossscenarija
the European Union has a disability, such as75a
3.3.1.1. Utjecaji
na population
osnovu klimatskih
3.3.1.2. Socio-ekonomski
utjecaj klimatskih
promjena
na poljoprivredu
visual,
hearing, speech, cognitive,
or motor
impairment,
and SEE countries can expect to have77a
3.3.2. Vodni
resursi
79
similar
or higher
proportion.
3.3.2.1. Utjecaji na vodne resurse na osnovu klimatskih scenarija

81

3.3.2.2. Socio-ekonomski
utjecaj
klimatskih
promjena naagreements,
vodne resurseregulations and guidelines cover
82
A perhaps surprising
number
of international
3.3.3. Zdravlje
this
area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008,83
is
3.3.3.1. Utjecaji
na
zdravlje
ljudi
na
osnovu
klimatskih
scenarija
83
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
3.3.4. umarstvo
84
spread
across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
3.3.4.1. Utjecaji
na umarstvo,
osnovu
klimatskih
scenarija
84
(for
copyright exemptions),
andnathe
Telecoms
Framework
(for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Socio-ekonomski
utjecaji
na sektor umarstva
85
is3.3.4.2.
also covered
by policy,
and klimatskih
guidelinespromjena
and benchmarking
exist for programmatic support.
3.3.5. Biodiverzitet
osjetljivi
87
Furthermore,
movesi are
afootekosistemi
to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
3.3.5.1. Utjecaji na biljne vrste prema klimatskim scenarija

87

3.3.5.2. Utjecaji na biljne zajednice prema klimatskim scenarijima

88

3.3.5.3. Utjecaji na vodna stanita prema klimatskm scenarijima

88

3.3.5.4. Utjecaji na faunu prema klimatskm scenarijima

88

3.3.6. Regionalni razvoj

91

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
3.3.5.5. Utjecaji na faunu krakih prostora prema klimatskim scenarija
90
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
3.3.5.6. Utjecaji na zatiena podruja prema klimatskim scenarija
91
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
3.3.5.7. Utjecaji klimatskih promjena na obalske ekosisteme
91
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
Improving
access to planiranje
services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
3.3.6.1. 2.
Prostorno
i urbanistiko
91
population
opens significant
market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
3.3.6.2. Ruralno
planiranje

92
remit
in a costprilagoavanja
effective manner.
3.4. their
Pregled
sposobnosti
klimatskim promjenama
93
3.4.1. Opi okvir politika i politike prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama 

93

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

3.4.2. Ekonomski
podsticaji
able-bodied
people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance 93
the
3.4.3. Tekoe
i rizici
sprovoenju
predloenih
prilagoavanja
prospects
forumigrating
web
services mjera
onto new
platforms such as mobile phones.

94

3.4.4. Procjena sposobnosti prilagoavanja po sektorima

95

3.4.4.2. Sposobnost prilagoavanja u sektoru voda

95

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
3.4.4.1. Sposobnost prilagoavanja u poljoprivredi
95
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing
approaches uthat
follow
EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in 96
the
3.4.4.3. Sposobnost
prilagoavanja
sektoru
zdravstva
of the development of the Information Society in the97
EU
convergence
of differentuaspects
3.4.4.4. Sposobnost
prilagoavanja
umarstvu
and SEE countries.
3.4.4.5. Sposobnost
prilagoavanja u oblasti biodiverziteta i osjetljivih ekosistema

97

3.5.

97

Predloene mjere prilagoavanja na klimatske promjene

3.5.1 Potencijalne mjere po sektorima


1.2.
About this report
3.5.2. Prijedlog projektnih ideja za prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama

98
102

The
goals potencijala
of this report are:
4. specific
Procjena
za ublaavanje utjecaja klimatskih promjena 104
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
4.1. Energetika
105
instruments and strategic level documents;
4.1.1. Elektroenergetika

105

4.1.1.1. Pregled postojeeg stanja u oblasti elektroenergetike

105

4.1.1.3. Smanjenje emisije metana iz rudnika uglja

108

4.1.2.4. Suneva energija

115

4.1.2.5. Geotermalna energija

116

4.3.1.1. Stambene zgrade

122

4.4.1.1. Cestovni saobraaj

127

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


4.1.1.2. Scenariji smanjenja emisije staklenikih plinova iz elektroenergetskog sektora 
105
with disabilities;
3. to assess
the current
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
4.1.1.4. Mjere
za smanjenje
emisija level
staklenikih
plinova iz elektroenergetskog
sektora

108
4.
to
identify
good
practices
in
the
region;
4.1.2. Obnovljivi izvori energije u BiH
109
5.
to
develop
a
set
of
recommendations
for
government
and
other
stakeholders
on
how
to:
4.1.2.1. Hidroenergija
109
address
4.1.2.2. Vjetroenergija
 the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
111
comply
with
requirements
for
the
UN
and
EU.
4.1.2.3. Bioplin
113

This
report
is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
4.2.
Daljinsko
grijanje
118
that
is
being
implemented
in
the
context
of
the
e-SEE
Initiative.
It
is
a
regional
project
designed
4.2.1. Pregled postojeeg stanja u sektoru daljinskog grijanja
118by
the
UNDP Country
Office emisije
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
supported
by gradskog
DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
4.2.2. Scenariji
smanjenja
staklenikih
plinova iz razliitih
sistema
UNDPs
Democratic
Governance
Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region

centralnog
grijanja
u BiH
120
in
the
implementation
of
the
Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority
Area
of
the
e-SEE
Agenda+,
the
4.2.3. Mjere za smanjenje emisija staklenikih plinova iz sektora daljinskog grijanja
121
regional
action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
4.3. Zgradarstvo
122
priorities
of thepostojeeg
project are
therefore
fully
aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
4.3.1. Pregled
stanja
u sektoru
zgradarstva
122
The project
is being implemented
4.3.1.2. Javne
zgrade (komercijalne
i uslune) by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
124
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on
their
existing
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Empowering
4.3.1.3. Industrijske zgrade
125
Marginalised
Groups
in
e-Governance
and
the
e-SEE
Secretariat
are
positioned
within
the
Social
4.3.2. Scenariji smanjenja emisija staklenikih plinova u sektoru zgradarstva
125
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
The
UNDP
Country
Office
in
Sarajevo
is
working
closely
4.3.2.1. Stambene zgrade
125
with
the
fellow
UNDP
Country
Offices
in
the
region,
while
the
Office
of
Senior
ICT
Advisor
at
the
BDP
4.3.2.2. Javne zgrade (komercijalne i uslune)
126
in
New York isunaprjeenja
providing expertise
and
playing an
role. Government-appointed members
4.3.3. Mjere
energetske
efiaksnosti
u uadvisory
sektoru zgradarstva
126of
the
Regional e-Governance
Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
4.4. Saobraaj

127
respective
countries.
4.4.1. Pregled
postojeeg stanja u sektoru saobraaja
127

Drugi NATIONAL
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4.4.1.2. eljezniki saobraaj 

129

4.4.1.3. Zrani saobraaj 

130

4.4.1.4. Vodni saobraaj 

130

4.4.1.5. Potanski saobraaj 

131

4.4.2. Scenariji smanjenja emisija staklenikih plinova u sektoru saobraaja 

132

4.4.3. Mjere za smanjenje emisija staklenikih plinova iz sektora saobraaja

134

4.5. umarstvo 

134

4.5.4. Tresetita

139

4.6.

140

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
4.5.1. Pregled postojeeg stanja u sektoru umarstva u BiH
134
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
4.5.2. Scenariji za ublaavanje u sektoru umarstva u BiH 
136
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
4.5.3. Mjere ublaavanja klimatskih promjena u sektoru umarstva
138
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Poljoprivreda

4.6.1. Pregled postojeeg stanja u sektoru poljoprivrede


1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?
4.6.2. Scenariji za ublaavanje u poljoprivrednom sektoru

140
141

e-Accessibility
is smanjenje
about overcoming
the rangeplinova
of barriers
that
people with disabilities and others
4.6.3. Mjere za
emisija staklenikih
u sektoru
poljoprivrede
143
such
as
older
populations
experience
when
seeking
to
participate
on
equal
terms
in
the
Information
4.7. Otpad
144
Society.
4.7.1. Pregled postojeeg stanja u sektoru otpada 
144
4.7.2. Scenariji ublaavanja klimatskih promjena u sektoru otpada u BiH 

145

e-Accessibility
can
potentially
refer to
any type
of ICT otpada 
used by citizens, and involves everything
4.7.3. Mjere
smanjenja
emisije
staklenikih
plinova
u sektoru
147
from
websites for
e-government
services,
to telephony
support for blind people to subtitling148
on
4.8. Ukupan
potencijal
smanjenja
emisija staklenikih
plinova
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
149
5. Ostale
relevantne
aktivnostI
visual,
hearing, speech,
cognitive,
or motor
impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
5.1.

Procjena tehnolokih potreba za ublaavanje i prilagoavanje

149

5.1.1. APristup
Okvirnoj
konvenciji
UN-a
klimatskim promjenama
(UNFCCC)
149
perhaps
surprising
number
ofointernational
agreements,
regulations and guidelines cover
5.1.1.1. Mehanizam
istoginternational
razvoja
this
area. At the highest
level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008,149
is
5.1.1.2. Strategija
prilagoavanja
na
klimatske
promjene
i
niskoemisionog
razvoja
149
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
5.1.2. across
Procjena
tehnolokih
za ublaavanje
i prilagoavanje
150
spread
areas
such aspotreba
Television
Without Frontiers
(for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
5.1.3. Stanje
prenosa tehnologija
BiH
150
(for
copyright exemptions),
and theuTelecoms
Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Pregled planova
i programa
za sistematsko

151
is5.2.
also covered
by policy,
and guidelines
and osmatranje
benchmarking
exist for programmatic support.
5.3. Obrazovanje,
i jaanje
svijesti
152
Furthermore,
moves obuka
are afoot
to strengthen
these and to enact more legislation.
5.3.1. Propusti i potrebe u obrazovanju i jaanju kapaciteta 

154

5.3.2 Jaanje svijesti

155

5.3.3. Ciljevi koje treba ispuniti u oblastima obrazovanja, obuke i podizanja svijesti 

155

5.4.

156

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Priprema operativnih programa za informiranje javnosti

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
5.4.1. Funkcioniranje klimatskog WEB portala i osnivanje integriranog informacionog sistema
158
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
5.5. Meunarodna suradnja
158
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
5.5.1. Meunarodna suradnja u okviru globalnih sporazuma o ivotnoj sredini
158
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
5.5.2. Regionalna suradnja

159

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

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Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people;
it can159
reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
6. Ogranienja
i nedostaci
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
6.1. Institucionalna ogranienja 
6.2.

6.3. Ogranienja u ljudskim resursima


6.4.

159

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
Financijska ogranienja
160
e-Services and to lower the cost.
160

5. Pursuing approaches
follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in161
the
Prevazilaenje
ogranienja i that
nedostataka

aspectsprevazilaenju
of the development
of the Information Society in the162
EU
convergence/ bilateralni
of different
6.5. Multilateralni
doprinosi
ogranienja
and SEE countries.
Lista grafikona 

Lista tabela
1.2.
About this report
Lista slika
Lista skraenica

163
165
167
168

The
specific goals of this report are:
Literatura171
Aneks 1 1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
177
Aneks 2 instruments and strategic level documents;

183

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

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Saetak
Okolnosti
u draviCIRCUMSTANCES
1.
NATIONAL
Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH) ima povrinu od 51.209,2 km2, koja se sastoji od 51.197 km2
i 12,2 km2 mora. Od ukupne povrine kopna, 5% su nizine, 24% brda, 42%
ankopna
overview
of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
planine i 29% krake oblasti. Granii se sa Republikom Hrvatskom (931 km),
requirements it sets in all Republikom
aspects of Srbijom
e-Accessibility
how it is
to beGorom
implemented.
(375 km) i and
Republikom
Crnom
(249 km). This is followed

Geografske
This
section presents
karakteristike:

by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
Varira od umjereno kontinentalne u sjevernom dijelu Panonske nizije du rijeke Save i u
disability
particular.
Klima: in general and e-Accessibility
zoni podnoja, doin
alpske
klime u planinskim regijama, i mediteranske klime u
priobalnom i podruju regije niske Hercegovine na jugu i jugoistoku.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


Institucionalni okvir:

Suverena drava sa decentralizovanom politikom i administrativnom strukturom.


Sastoji se od dva entiteta: Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine (FBiH) i Republike Srpska (RS)
i Distrikta Brko. Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine je podijeljena na 10 kantona.
overcoming
the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Donoenje odluka ukljuuje Savjet ministara, dva entiteta i Distrikt Brko.

e-Accessibility is about
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Procjena broja stanovnika BiH - 3.839.737. (2011) - oko 37% u Republici Srpskoj, 61% u
Society.
Stanovnitvo:
Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine i 2% u Brko distriktu

e-Accessibility canBDP
potentially
refer KM,
to any
of ICT
used by
citizens,
and involves everything
Privreda:
24.584 miliona
BDPtype
po glavi
stanovnika
6.397
KM1 (2010)
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Preovladava
preraivaka
industrija
78,3% ukupne
vrijednosti
industrijskih
television.
Up to 15 percent
of the population
across
thesaEuropean
Union
has aprodaje
disability,
such as a
Industrija
proizvoda (2011)
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
Energija
Ukupna proizvodnja elektrine energije u BiH za 2011. godinu iznosila je 14 049 GWh
similar
or higher proportion.
22.744,30 km cestovne mree; 1.031 km eljeznikih pruga; 4 meunarodna aerodroma,
Transport:
A perhaps surprising
number
international
agreements,
and guidelines cover
nema
morske of
luke,
rijeka Sava glavni
rijeni plovniregulations
put

this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
miliona
ha (46%
zemljita) pogodno
za poljoprivredu;
udio u strukturibut
BDP-a
6,25 %are
the relevant
legal context.2,3No
single
EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
actions
Poljoprivreda:
(2010), broj zaposlenih u poljprivrednoj djelatnosti prelazi 19%
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions),2,7
and
the Telecoms
Framework
assistive
miliona
ha (53% zemljita)
pokrivaju(for
ume
i umskatechnologies).
zemljita; oko 1,3e-Accessibility
miliona ha
umarstvo:
ekonomske
ume
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore,
moves are afoot
to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Upravljanje
68% stanovnika ukljueni u odvoz komunalnog otpada; prosjena koliina poizvedenog
otpadom:

komunalnog otpada 1,08 kg po stanovniku na dan (2010)

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

Dva glavna rijena sliva: sliv rijeke Save (38.719 km2), prosjeno godinje oticanje 722
m3/s i sliv Jadranskog mora (12.410 km2).sa oticajem od 433 m3/s; ukupno zahvaenih i
koliina
m3 (2011)
worthwhilepreuzetih
in its own
rightvode
to 329.954.000
improve access
to services to people who are already

Upravljanje vodnim
resursima:

1. It is
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Zdravstvo:
Vodei uzrok smrti oboljenja cirkulatornog sistema (2011)
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further
marginalize
groups.
Ratificirane
konvencije:these
UNFCCC,
Konvencija UN-a o biolokom diverzitetu, Konvencija
Meunarodna
2. Improving
suradnja:

Fusnota 1

UN-a za borbu protiv dezertifikacije zemljita, Beka konvencija o zatiti ozonskog

access
to services,
public
and private,
to suchzraka
a significant
omotaa,
Konvencija
o prekograninom
zagaivanju
na velikim proportion
udaljenostimaof the
Potencijalni
kandidat
za
lanstvo
u
EU
(SSP
potpisan
2008.
godine)
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

3. Improving
e-Accessibility
for
the marginalized
1 EUR=1,95583
KM, Centralna
banka Bosne
i Hercegovine,
juni 2013
2

could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


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u skladu
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Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Izraunavanje
emisija staklenikih plinova
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Inventar
staklenikih
ovom
Izvjetaju
obuhvata e-Accessibility
desetogodinji into
period
1991-2001.of
4. The earlier
action isplinova
taken,uthe
easier
it is to integrate
development
Sastavljen
je
u
skladu
sa
preporukama
za
izradu
inventara
Smjernice
o
izvjetavanju
UNFCCC-a
e-Services and to lower the cost.
prema Odluci 3/CP.5 i 17/CP.8 ukljuujui i zajedniki format izvjetavanja (CRF) i Revidirane
smjernice
IPCC-a zaapproaches
nacionalnethat
inventare
staklenikih
iz 1996. koje daje
specifikaciju
5. Pursuing
follow EU
guidelinesplinova
and recommendations
will
assist in the
obavezaconvergence
za izvjetavanje
u
skladu
sa
lanovima
4
i
12
UNFCCC-a
(Revidirane
smjernice
IPCC-a
in theza
EU
of different aspects of the development of the Information Society
nacionalni inventar staklenikih plinova iz 1996. godine). Inventar je temeljen na CORINAIR (CORe
and SEE countries.
INventory of AIR emissions) sistemu koji kreira ETC/AE (Evropski tematski centar za emisije u
vazduhu) .

1.2.Neophodno
About
this report
je naglasiti poveanu nesigurnost podataka o emisijama proraunatim za ratni

period (1992. 1996.), kao i period do 1998. godine, zbog nedostatka i/ili loeg kvaliteta ulaznih
podataka
za goals
izraduofinventara.
The
specific
this report are:
Ukupne emisije u inventornom periodu variraju od 4.010 GgCO2 eq 1993. godine (samo 12%
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
u odnosu na baznu 1990. godinu), nakon ega se biljei rast emisija koje su 2000. godine dosegle
instruments
and strategic
leveleq,
documents;
15.249 GgCO
eq, a 2001.
16.118 GgCO
odnosno 47% emisija iz 1990. godine.
2
2
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
Najznaajanji izvor CO2 je svakako energetski sektor koji u ovom desetogodinjem periodu
with
disabilities;
pridonosi
72,3%
cjelokupnih emisija CO2 eq, slijedi poljoprivreda sa 18,1%, otpad 6,2%, te
industrijski
procesi
3,5%.
3. to assesssa
the
current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
- CO2 emisija
comply
requirements
EU. CO2 emisija po sektorima 2000
Udio
po with
sektorima
1991-2001for the UN and Udio

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


3%
6% 4% in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is6%
that is being implemented
a regional
project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
18%
13%
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
72%

78%

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Poljoprivreda
Poljoprivreda
Enenrgetski sektorGovernance
Enenrgetski
sektor
Inclusion/Democratic
Sector. The UNDP Country
Office
in Sarajevo
is working closely
Industrijski
Otpad
with the
fellow UNDP Country
Offices procesi
in the region, whileOtpad
the Office of Senior Industrijski
ICT Advisorprocesi
at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.
Udio
CO emisija po sektorima (%) za period 1991-2001 i za 2000. godinu
2

Drugi NATIONAL
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Ocjena ranjivosti sektora i prilagoavanje na


izmijenjene klimatske uslove

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Osmotrene klimatske promjene

Na bazi komparativne analize za period 1981-2010. u odnosu na period 1961-1990.


This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
utvreno je poveanje temperature zraka na godinjem nivou u rasponu od 0,4 do 0,8C, dok porast
requirements
in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
temperatureitusets
vegetacionom
period
ide i do 1,0C.and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
istom periodu
nisu zabiljeene
znatne promjene padavina, ali smanjenjem broja
disability U
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
padavinskih dana veih od 1,0 mm i poveanjem broja dana sa intenzivnim padavinama poremeen je
pluviometrijski reim. Izraena promjena godinjeg rasporeda padavina uz poveanje temperature
jedan je od kljunih faktora koji uslovljavaju ee i intenzivnije pojave sue i poplava na teritoriji
Bosne i Hercegovine.
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Tokom
poslednjihexperience
decenija when
primjeena
je topoveana
klimatska
tokom svih
such as older
populations
seeking
participate
on equal varijabilnost
terms in the Information
godinjih doba i na cijeloj teritoriji Bosne i Hercegovine: pet od posljednjih 12 godina su bile vema
Society.
suhe do ekstremno suhe, a etiri godine su bile obiljeene ekstremnim poplavama. Posljednje

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

etiri godine (2009-2012) su sve imale obiljeja ekstremnih vremenskih prilika: poplave 2009. i
2010. e-Accessibility
godine, sua i can
talas
vreline 2011.
godine,
talas
poetkom
2012.everything
i snaan
potentially
refer ito2012.
any type
of ICT
usedhladnoa
by citizens,
and involves
vjetar
sredinom
2012.
godine.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Projekcije buduih klimatskih promjena
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar orUhigher
ovom proportion.
izvetaju predstavljeni su rezultati regionalnog klimatskog modela EBU-POM iz

eksperimenata promjene budue klime, dobijeni metodom dinamikog skaliranja rezultata dva
globalna
klimatska
modela atmosfere
okeana SINTEX-G
i ECHAM5.
Fokusiraliand
smo
se na rezultate
A perhaps
surprising
number ofiinternational
agreements,
regulations
guidelines
cover
iz
IPCC
SRES
scenarija
A1B
i
A2.
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Rezultati iz modela analizirani su za vremenske isjeke 2001-2030 i 2071-2100. Izvetaj
spread
across
such as dva
Television
Without
Frontiersparametra:
(for subtitling),
the Copyright
je usmjeren areas
na promjene
osnovna
meteoroloka
temperature
na 2 Directive
metra i
(for
copyright exemptions),
and the Telecoms
Framework
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
akumulirane
padavine. Promjene
ovih parametara
prikazane
su u odnosu
na srednje
vrijednosti iz
baznog
(standardnog)
1961-1990.
istzv.
also
covered
by policy, perioda
and guidelines
and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Rezultati scenarija prema SINTEX-5 i ECHAM5 modelima ukazuju na trend poveanja
temperature do 2030. godine u odnosu na bazni period 1961-1990, do 1,0C na godinjem nivou
There
is at least
a five-fold
justification
for early
action oekuje
in the area
e-Accessibility:
na itavoj
teritoriji
Bosne
i Hercegovine.
Najvee
poveanje
se of
u ljetnom
periodu (juniavgust), do 1,4C. U periodu 2071-2100. godina prema scenariju A2 oekuje se rapidan porast
temperature,
i to do 4C na
godinjem
nivou,
te do ak
4,8Ctou services
ljetnom periodu.
1. It is worthwhile
in its
own right
to improve
access
to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Modeli ukazuju na nejednake promjene koliine padavina. U centralnim i planinskim
increase
the disadvantages
certain
populations
Conversely,
insufficient
effort
in this
podrujima
oekuje
se blago poveanje
padavina,
dok seface.
na ostalim
podrujima
oekuje
smanjenje
areaPrema
is likely
to further
these groups.
padavina.
scenariju
A2 marginalize
u periodu 2071-2100.
godina oekuje se smanjenje padavinama na
itavaoj teritotiji BiH. Najvei deficit padavina oekuje se u ljetnom periodu koji moe iznositi i do
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
50% u odnosu na bazni period 1961-1990.
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

10

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


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konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; A1B
it can reduce
the cost of web
service development,
and enhance
the
A1B
A2

A1B
A1B
A2
2001-2030
2071-2100
2071-2100
2001-2030
2071-2100
2071-2100
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.

DJF
0,6 0,9
2,4
2,4 easier
3,6
DJF
-15 -5
-50into
-10
-5 30 of
4. The earlier
action1,8
istaken,
the
it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
development
MAM
0,8 and
0,9
e-Services
JJA

1,1 1,4

2,4 2,6
3,4 3,8
to lower
the cost.
3,4 3,6

4,6 >4,8

SINTEX-5

SINTEX-5

-10 5

-15 0

-30 0

JJA

-5 15

-30 0

-50 0

A1B
2001-2030

A1B
2071-2100

A2
2071-2100

DJF

0 10

-15 5

-30 15

MAM

0 15

-5 15

-10 10

JJA

-10 10

-50 -20

-50 -20

GODINA

-5 10

-15 -5

-20 -5

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
SON
0,5 0,9
2,0 2,4aspects
2,8 of
3,2the development
SON
-10Information
20
-50 Society
-15
-30
0 EU
of the
in the
convergence
of different
GODINA
1,0
2,4 2,8
3,4 3,8
GODINA
-20 10
-30 -10
-15 0
and SEE0,8
countries.

1.2. About this report


DJF

A1B
2001-2030

A1B
2071-2100

A2
2071-2100

0,2 0,5

3 3,8

3,2 4

The specific
are: 2,6 3,2
MAM goals< of
0,2this report
2,2 2,6
JJA

0,5 0,8

4 4,2

4,4 4,8

GODINA

0,4 0,6

3,2 3,6

3,6 4,0

ECHAM5

ECHAM5

MAM

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


SON
0,9 1,1
3,4 3,8
3,8 4,2
SON
-10 5
-30 -5
-20 0
instruments and strategic level documents;

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


Komparativni
prikaz promjena temperature oC
Komparativni prikaz promjena padavina u %
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identifyanaliza
good practices
in the region;
Sektorska
i prilagoavanj
klimatskim promjenama
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Sektori
koji su najranjiviji
na klimatske
promjene u Bosni i Hercegovini su: poljoprivreda,
address
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
vodni resursi, zdravlje ljudi, umarstvo, biodiverzitet i osjetljivi ekosistemi. U tom smislu obavljene
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
su detaljne analize dugoronih klimatskih promjena u ovim sektorima na osnovu SRES klimatskih
scenarija A1B i A2.
This
report
is part of promjena
a larger project,
Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
Utjecaj
klimatskih
po sektorima
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
U sektoru
utjecaj
klimatskih promjena
smanjenje
kao
the UNDP
Country poljoprivrede,
Office in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
supportedukljuuje
by DG/BDP
NY, and prinosa
funded by
the
posljedicu
smanjenih
koliina
padavina
i
poveane
stope
isparavanja,
potencijalno
smanjenje
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
produktivnosti domaih ivotinja, uestaliju pojavu poljoprivrednih tetoina i oboljenja usjeva, te
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
poveanu nesigurnost hrane/namirnica. Pozitivni utjecaji se ogledaju u produenoj sezoni rasta
regional
actionpotencijalu
plan for Information
Society development,
and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
usjeva i veem
za uzgoj mediteranskih
kultura u Hercegovini.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
U sektoru vodoprivrede, klimatske promjene donose eu pojava sua (u zapadnim
dijelovima
pad is
rijenog
vodostaja tokom
ali i eu pojavuUNDP-funded
poplava.
TheBiH),
project
being implemented
by ljeta,
the Sarajevo-based
e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Utjecaj klimatskih promjena na zdravlje ljudi ukljuuje poveanu uestalost i ozbiljnost
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
epidemija/pandemija tokom toplijih zima, povean mortalitet povezan sa pojavom toplotnih talasa,
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector. (Aedes
The UNDP
Countryi Office
in Sarajevo
is working
closely
mogue irenje azijskog
tigrastog komarca
albopictus),
poveanje
broja sluajeva
oboljenja
with
fellow
UNDP
Country
Offices
in the region,
while the
Office
of Senior
ICT Advisor
atutjecaji
the BDP
koje the
prenosi
krpelj
(lajmska
bolest
i encefalitis
uzrokovan
ujedom
krpelja).
Mogui
pozitivni
podrazumijevaju
manji broj
smrtnih
sluajeva
nastalih
usljed
hladnoe.
in
New York is providing
expertise
and
playing an
advisory
role.
Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

11

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

U sektoru umarstva evidentna je poveana uestalost i intenzitet umskih poara, povean


rizik za rijetke i ugroene umske zajednice, sve vei broj tetoina kao to su potkornjak i gubar
(North Atlantic Index [NAO] indeks), te povean rizik od transformacije umskog ekosistema koji
bi rezultirao mortalitetom drvea velikih razmjera. Pozitivni utjecaji se ogledaju u broj stopi rasta
i pojavi novih vrsta od ekonomskog znaaja.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

U oblasti biodiverziteta i osjetljivih ekosistema, negativni utjecaji klimatskih promjena


ukljuuju gubitak postojeih stanita, fragmentacija stanita, istrebljenje vrsta, i rapidne promjene
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
temperature i/ili koliine padavina, koje utiu na funkcije ekosistema. S druge srane, prisutna je
requirements
sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
pojava novih itstanita.
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

Sposobnost prilagoavanja klimatskim


1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?
promjenama

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Sposobnost
prilagoavanja
klimatskim
u on
poljoprivrednom
sektoru
je na
such as older
populations
experience when
seekingprijetnjama
to participate
equal terms in the
Information
niskom nivou. Primjetan je nedostatak modelovanja usjeva i klimatskih podataka neophodnih za
Society.
sisteme ranog upozoravanja. Poljoprivrednim proizvoaima je neophodna obuka o manje radno
intenzivnim poljoprivrednim metodama, tehnikama uzgoja bolje prilagoenih usjeva i tehnikama
e-Accessibility
potentially
refer to anypromjena
type of ICT
used
by citizens,u and
involves
everything
protivgradne
zatite. can
Uz to,
pitanja klimatskih
nisu
integrisana
politike
o poljoprivredi
i ruralnom
razvoju.
from
websites
for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Kad je u pitanju sposobnost prilagoavanja u sektoru voda, jo uvijek postoji kritian
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
nedostatak hidrolokog modelovanja, detaljna procjena ranjivosti, nedostatak mapa ranjivosti i
similar
or higher
dijagrama
rizikaproportion.
od poplava. Mjere zatite od poplava su na niskom nivou, a pitanja klimatskih

promjena nisu ugraen u sektorske zakone i programe.


A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
zdravstva,
sposobnost
na klimatske
promjene
je ograniena
this area.UAtsektoru
the highest
international
level, prilagoavanja
the UNCRPD, ratified
and coming
into force
in 2008, is
nedostatkom praenja akutnih i hroninih bolesti. Zdravstveni radnici i pacijenti nisu dovoljno
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
upoznati o odnosu izmeu zdravstvenih tegoba i klimatskih promjena. Ne postoje finansijska
spread
across
areas such mjere
as Television
Without Frontiers
(for subtitling),
Copyright Directive
sredstva
za zdravstvene
prilagoavanja.
Otean pristup
primarnojthe
zdravstvenoj
zatiti u
(for
copyright
exemptions),
and the
Telecoms
Framework
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
ruralnim
podrujima
oteava
tretman
pacijenata
sa hroninim
i infektivnim
oboljenjima
na koja
mogu
utjecati
klimatske
promjene.
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Sposobnost prilagoavanja u sektoru umarstva je na veoma niskom nivou. Nisu definisana
podruja koja su najvie ugroena klimatskim promjenama i ne postoji detaljna analiza utjecaja
Therepromjena
is at least za
a five-fold
for early action
in the
of e-Accessibility:
klimatskih
pojedinejustification
umske zajednice.
Tehnika
za area
gaenje
umskih poara je
nedovoljna i zastarjela. Kao i u drugim sektorima, primjetan je nedostatak integracije problema i
pitanja1.klimatskih
promjena
u sektorske
politike
i strategije.
It is worthwhile
in its
own right to
improve
access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Iako su ve sada pojedine biljne i ivotinjske vrste veoma ugroene usljed poveanja
increase
the disadvantages
populations
face.i najugroenije
Conversely, insufficient
innisu
this
temperature
i smanjenja
padavina,certain
najosjetljivija
podruja
vrste flore effort
i faune
area is
likely
further marginalize
these groups.
definisana,
ime
je tosposobnost
prilagoavanja
u oblasti biodiverziteta i osjetljivih ekosistema
izuzetno umanjena.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population
opens
opportunities,
can help public
services
fulfil
Za svaki sektor
susignificant
predloenemarket/sales
mjere prilagoavanja
koje suand
identifikovane
na osnovu
strunog
their remit
in a costsaeffective
manner. stranama i analize relevantnih istraivanja.
konsenzusa,
konsultacija
zainteresovanim

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

12

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; it can
reduce the cost
of webklimatskih
service development,
Procjena
potencijala
za ublaavanje
utjecaja
promjena and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Oblast ublaavanja klimatskih promjena u Drugom nacionalnom izvjetaju je fokusirana
4. The
earlierjeaction
is taken,najvei
the easier
it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
into development
na sektore
u kojima
identifikovan
potencijal
za smanjenje
emisija staklenikih
plinova:of
e-Services
andenergije,
to lower daljinsko
the cost. grijanje, zgradarstvo, saobraaj, otpad, te poljoprivreda
proizvodnja
elektrine
i umarstvo. Za svaki od sektora izraeni su scenariji koji modeliraju mogue putanje emisija
5. Pursuing
that followi EU
guidelines
andublaavanja
recommendations
will assist
in the
staklenikih
plinovaapproaches
do 2025.godine,kao
prijedlog
mjera
klimatskih
promjena.
of the
Information
Society
in the EU
convergence
of kvantitativno-vremenskog
different aspects of the development
Konkretno
modeliranje
razvoja emisija
staklenikih
plinova
realizirano
je prekoand
tri SEE
razvojna
scenarija:
S1

osnovni
(bez
promjena),
S2
sa
djeliminom
primjenom
countries.
stimulativnih mjera i S3 napredni scenario, sa primjenom cjelokupnog seta stimulativnih mjera.
U razmatranjima pomenutih emisijskih scenarija inicijalni podaci su uzeti za 2010.g. dok su
prorauni emisija uraeni po petogoditima, tj. za 2015.g., 2020.g. i 2025.g.

1.2. About this report


The specific
goals
of this report are:
Sektor
energetike

Energetski
sektor
je odgovoran za
prekoregarding
70% ukupnih
emisija CO2, including
samim timexisting
i potencijal
1. to outline
the international
context
e-Accessibility
legal
za smanjenje
emisijaand
staklenikih
u tom sektoru je najvei.
instruments
strategic plinova
level documents;
2. to developsua tri
comparative
picture of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
versus people
Analizirana
scenarija smanjenja
emisije staklenikih
plinova koji
podrazumijevaju
i
poveanje
energetske
efikasnosti
u
skladu
sa
nacrtom
NEEAP-a:
with disabilities;
to assess 1the
current
level of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
3.
Scenarij
(S1)
podrazumijeva
da emisija staklenikih
plinova raste
proporcionalno

sa
potronje
energije.
S obzirom
4. toporastom
identify good
practices
in the
region; da emisija staklenikih plinova direktno zavisi od
energije,
ovo znai da se prema
ovom scenariju
isti udio pokrivenosti
5. toproizvodnje
develop a set
of recommendations
for government
and zadrava
other stakeholders
on how to:
potreba za energijom iz domaih izvora;
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
- Scenarij
comply
withrequirements
the UN and EU.

2 (S2)
podrazumijevafor
implementaciju
projekata izgradnje elektroenergetskih
postrojenja u skladu sa relevantnim entitetskim strategijama i dobijenim podacima o
planiranim aktivnostima;
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
Scenarij 3 (S3) podrazumijeva intenzivno koritenje potencijala OIE i EE zbog ulaska BiH
that is beinguimplemented
in trgovanja
the context
of the e-SEE
Initiative.
It is a(EU
regional
project
designed by
Evropsku emu
emisijama
staklenikih
plinova
ETS), to
podrazumijeva
i
the UNDP Country
Office
in
Bosnia
and
Herzegovina,
supported
by
DG/BDP
NY,
and
funded
by
the
plaanje emisionih dozvola za staklenike plinove za elektroenergetski sektor.
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Prema S1 i S2 of
doi
do porasta
emisija ugljen
iz elektroenergetskog
sektora
in the implementation
thee
Inclusive
Information
Societydioksida
Priority Area
of the e-SEE Agenda+,
the
u BiH u periodu od 2010. do 2025, za razliku od S3 prema kojem e doi do znaajnog smanjenja
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
emisije, za preko 20% u odnosu na 2010.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The
project
is beinggrijanja
implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Sektor
daljinskog
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
U ovom
sektoru
razvijena tri and
scenarija
na nivou
razvoja finalne
potronje
energije
i sva
Marginalised
Groups
in su
e-Governance
the e-SEE
Secretariat
are positioned
within
the Social
tri
predviaju
toplifikaciju
daljih
gradskih
etvrti
i
irenje
toplotnih
mrea:
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
S1
bez ulaganja
u noverole.
tehnologije
i bez primjene dodatnih
mjera;of
in New York
is scenarij
providingpotronje
expertiseenergije
and playing
an advisory
Government-appointed
members
the Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)
act aspotronje
government
Focal Points for their
S2
scenarij potronje
energije
s mjerama
smanjenja
energije;
respective countries.
S3 napredni scenarij potronje energije u uslovima intenzivnog ekonomskog razvoja i
ulaganjima u nove tehnologije.
13

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Kako napredni scenarijo podrazumjeva intenzivno irenje mree, on predvia i poveenje


emisija iz ovog sektora 2025. godine za oko 10% u odnosu na 2010. godinu, dok scenarijo S2 2025.
godine predvia smanjenje od oko 5%.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Sektor zgradarstva

Sektor zgradarstva ima najvei udio u krajnjoj potronji energije u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Starost
zgrada
i njhovaan
neadekvatna
energetska
efikasnost
prua velike and
mogunosti
za utedethe
tj.
This section
presents
overview of
the UNCRPD,
its significance
main sections,
smanjenje potronje energenata i smanjenje emisije CO2.
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how
it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description
of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
S1 - blagi rast BDP i potronje energije podrazumijeva porast stanovnitva, izgradnju
disability in general
e-Accessibility
zgrada and
i potronju
energije, in
kojiparticular.
e rasti skoro linearno, bez mjera energetske efikasnosti;

S2 - srednje brzi rast BDP i potronje energije bez dodatnih mjera energetske efikasnosti;

1.1. Why
e-Accessibility?
S3 - srednje
brzi rast BDP i sa provoenjem mjera energetske efikasnosti - podrazumijeva

provoenje mjera energetske efikasnosti sa znaajnim utedama.


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Smanjenje emisija u sektoru zgradarstva se ogleda kroz smanjeno i/ili efikasnije koritenje
Society.
elektrine i toplotne energije.
e-Accessibility
can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Sektor saobraaja
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.Osnova
Up to 15
of the population
across
the European
Union
has audisability,
such as a
za percent
izradu scenarija
za smanjenje
emisija
staklenikih
plinova
oblasti saobraaja
visual,
hearing,
speech,dacognitive,
or motor impairment,
and SEE
cansaobraajem,
expect to have
se bazira
na injenici
cestovni saobraaj
u BiH, u poreenju
sa countries
eljeznikim
inia
similar
or higher
proportion.
90% ukupne
godinje
potronje energije (dizel i benzin) u ovom sektoru:
A
perhaps
surprising
of international
agreements,
regulations
and
guidelines
cover
S1- se
bazira nanumber
ve utvrenim
trendovima
poveanja broja
cestovnih
motornih
vozila
po
this area. At the
highestgodinjoj
international
the
ratified and
coming
intoparka
force izmeu
in 2008,12
is
prosjenoj
stopi level,
od oko
5,8UNCRPD,
%, na prosjenoj
starosti
voznog
do 15 context.
godina, bez
provoenja
mjera homologacije
sae-Accessibility,
prosjenom godinjom
stopom
the relevant legal
No single
EU directive
is dedicatedi to
but actions
are
poveanja
potronje
dizela i benzinskog
goriva od(for
3,7subtitling),
%;
spread across
areas such
as Television
Without Frontiers
the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
S2 bysepolicy,
baziraand
na uvoenje
dodatnih
tehnikih mjera
za for
cestovna
motorna vozila
sa
is also covered
guidelines
and benchmarking
exist
programmatic
support.
poboljanja
energetske these
efikasnosti
i smanjenja
potronje goriva. Uz
Furthermore,aspekta
moves are
afoot to strengthen
and tomotora
enact more
legislation.
stopu porasta broja cestovnih m/v kao u S1, s tim da je predvieno poboljanje kvaliteta
kao iacestovna
Theregoriva
is at least
five-foldinfrastruktura;
justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
se bazirainnaitspretpostavci
e BiH access
do 2025.godine
postati
lanica
EUare
ime
bi se
1.
It isS3worthwhile
own right todaimprove
to services
to people
who
already
morale sprovoditi direktive koje su propisane za ovu oblast.
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Scenarij S1 predvia rasta emisija iz ovog sektora od oko 92%, a S2 od 57% u 2025. godini
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
u odnosu na 2010. godinu, dok scenarij S3 predvia smanjenje od oko 8%.
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2.Sektor
Improving
access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
umarstva
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
Ponorski
umske manner.
povrine u Bosni i Hercegovini za 2010.g. je procijenjen na
their
remitpotencijal
in a cost effective
7327,5 Gg CO2.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

14

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can reduce
the

S1- se bazira
na utvrenom
trendu

cost of webpovrina
servicepod
development,
and enhance
the
smanjenja
umsim pokrivaem,
koje
su
utvrene
u
postratnom
periodu,
i
ne
ukljuuje
nikakve
dodatne
mjere
za
promjenu
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
postojeeg trenda;
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
S2 se bazira na primjeni odreenih stimulativnih mjera za ouvanje postojeeg umskog
e-Services and to lower the cost.
pokrivaa;
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
S3 napredni scenario je zasnovan na pretpostavci da e BiH do 2025. godine postati
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
punopravna lanica Evropske unije ime bi morala prihvatiti sve obaveze i direktive koje
andsu
SEE
countries.
propisane
za sektor umarstva.
Prema S1 scenariju prosjeni godinji ponorski kapacitet umskog pokrivaa u BiH bi se
1.2.
About
this
smanjio za
oko 257 GgCO
, dok bireport
se prema S3 scenariju uveao za oko 285 GgCO .
2

Sektor
poljoprivrede
The specific
goals
of this report are:
Potencijali za ublaavanje utjecaja klimatskih promjena u oblasti poljoprivredne proizvodnje
1. mogu
to outline
the international
context
regarding
e-Accessibility
u BiH se
posmatrati
sa dva aspekta:
kao
potencijali
za poniranje including
i kao izvorexisting
emisijalegal
za
instruments
staklenike
plinove. and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
S1- se zasniva na navedenom trendu poslijeratnog smanjenja obradivih poljoprivrednih
withpovrina
disabilities;
i njihovog prevoenja u najee graevinsko zemljite i ne podrazumijeva

za njihovo
3. tododatne
assess mjere
the current
levelouvanje;
of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. toS2
identify
good practices
inpozitivnih
the region;

je baziran
na primjeni
iskustava i dobre proizvodne prakse u oblasti poljopkojima se odlikuju privredno
i poljoprivredno
razvijene,
evropske
5. torivredne
developproizvodnje
a set of recommendations
for government
and other
stakeholders
onzemlje;
how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
S3 napredni scenario je, kao i kod veine ostalih sektora, baziran na oekivanjima da e
- BiHcomply
with requirements
for the
UN and
EU.
do 2025.godine
postati lanica
Evropske
Unije.

Prema prezentiranim pokazateljima ukupne emisije staklenikih plinova, u sektoru


poljoprivredne
proizvodnje
eaprema
scenariju
porasti naMarginalised
gotovo dvostruku
vrijednost
u 2025.g.
This report
is part of
larger S1
project,
Empowering
Groups
in e-Governance,
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
S2 predvia neznatna smanjenja, koja e u 2025.g. u odnosu na 2010. iznositi svega
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
oko 5 %. S3 scenario pokazuje da su potencijali za ublaavanje utjecaja klimatskih promjena u
UNDPs
Democratic Governance
Thematic
Trust Fund
to support the
South Eastern
region
sektoru poljoprivrede
u BiH, uz striktnu
primjenu
najsavremenijih
dostignua
u svim Europe
segmentima
in
the implementation
the Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
proizvodnje,
jako veliki:ofpreko
60% u odnosu
na 2010.
godinu.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Sektor
priorities
of the otpada
project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
S obzirom
emisija
staklenikih
plinova,
koji potiu izUNDP-funded
sektora otpadae-SEE
na nivou
BiH
The
projectdaisudio
being
implemented
by the
Sarajevo-based
Initiative
iznosi
oko
3
%
od
ukupnih
emisija;
ukupni
direktni
utjecaj
za
smanjenje
emisija
staklenikih
plinova
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
nije veliki. Meutim, smanjenje produkovanih koliina otpada, njegovo recikliranje i proizvodnja
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
energije iz otpada, mogu znaajno utjecati i na smanjenje opih emisija.
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
S1 -UNDP
ovaj scenario
u sutini
bazira
na while
nepromijenjenoj
postojeoj
praksi
u produkciji
i
with the
fellow
Country se
Offices
in the
region,
the Office of
Senior ICT
Advisor
at the BDP
prikupljanja
i odlaganja
otpada
u dugoronom periodumembers
u BiH; of
in New Yorkcjelokupnoj
is providingorganizaciji
expertise and
playing an
advisory role.
Government-appointed
the Regional
e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
S2 - bazira se na realizaciji postavljenih ciljeva i zadataka definiranih u Strategiji upravljanja
respective countries.
vrstim otpadom BiH, iz 2000. godine;

15

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

S3 scenario - upravljanje otpadom prema ovom scenariju se zasniva na primjeni postojeih


tehnikih dostignua i legislative koja se primjenjuje u zemljama Evropske unije.

Dok S1 scenarij predvia poveanje emisija CO2 iz sektora otpada u 2025. godini za 15%, S3
scenarij predvia smanjenje od 20% u odnosu na 2010. godinu.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up
to 15 godinje
percentemisije
of the population
across
the European
Union
has asaobraaja,
disability, such as a
Ukupne
CO2eq iz sektora
energetike,
daljinskog
grijanja,
visual, hearing,poljoprivrede
speech, cognitive,
motor
impairment,
and
SEE S1,
countries
can expect to have a
i otpada uorBiH,
za period
2010-2025,
prema
S2 i S3 scenariju
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across
areas
such as Television
Without
Frontiers (for
subtitling), the Copyright Directive
Procjena
tehnolokih
potreba
za ublaavanje
i prilagoavanje
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Kao podrku
aktivnostima
ublaavanja
klimatskih promjena,
i Hercegovina
je
is also covered
by policy,
and guidelines
and benchmarking
exist for Bosna
programmatic
support.
uspostavila Ovlateno tijelo (DNA) za implementaciju projekata Mehanizma istog razvoja u okviru
Furthermore,
moves
are konvencije
afoot to strengthen
these klime,
and to ienact
more
Kjoto protokola
Okvirne
UN o promjeni
do danas
je legislation.
ovo tijelo odobrilo etiri CDM

Ostale relevantne aktivnosti

projekta s procijenjenim smanjenjem emisija gasova koji izazivaju efekat staklene bate (GHG) u
iznosuThere
od oko
3 miliona
tona CO2justification
ekvivalenta.for
Mehanizmi
Konvencije
nisu
jedini nain transfera
is at
least a five-fold
early action
in the area
of e-Accessibility:
tehnologije, oni su samo inicijalni.

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Iako je Bosna i Hercegovina uglavnom zavrila proces vlasnike transformacije preduzea,
marginalized.
It helps fulfil
the promisedo
of transfera
the Information
Society
to reduce
rather
than
kao i proces
organizacionog
restrukturiranja,
tehnologija
je dolo
samo
u velikim
increase
face. Conversely,
effort
in this
preduzeima
ijithe
su disadvantages
vlasnici postalicertain
vlasnicipopulations
multinacionalnih
kompanija.insufficient
Vrlo malo je
uraeno
u
poveanju
efikasnosti
i u korienju
obnovljive energije, a za trasfer tehnologija jo
areaenergetske
is likely to further
marginalize
these groups.
uvijek postoje brojne barijere: od neznanja do neadekvatne pravne regulative.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population
opens
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
andnovih
can help
public services
fulfil
Prema INC
za BiH
predvien
je niz mjera
koji uvoenjem
tehnologija
u razliitim
sektorima
utjecajamanner.
klimatskih promjena u Bosni i Hercegovini. Meutim, u
their vode
remitsmanjenju
in a cost effective
izvjetajnom periodu vrlo malo je uraeno u implementaciji ovih mjera.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

16

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; itnema
can reduce
theizgraenu
cost of web
service development,
and enhance
Bosna
i Hercegovina
posebno
infrastrukturu
za identifikaciju
potrebathe
i
sakupljanje
informacija
o
raspoloivim
tehnologijama,
niti
poseban
sistem
podsticaja.
Za
uvoz
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
tehnologija u BiH ne postoje posebne povlastice, ali je mogue oslobaanje od carina i poreza
4. The
earlier
is taken,
the easierOgranienja
it is to integrate
into development
ukoliko se
knjie
kao action
ulog stranog
investitora.
zboge-Accessibility
nedostatka podsticaja
bi trebaloof
da budue-Services
uzeta u obzir
se rade
andkada
to lower
themodeli
cost. transfera tehnologije..
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.
Aktivnosti
na formiranju, otvaranju i osavremenjavanju mree meteorolokih i hidrolokih
stanica na podruju BiH je neophodno za unapreenje meteorolokog monitoringa i klimatske baze.
Pored osavremenjavanja, potrebno je i povezivanje meteorolokih stanica u sistem automatskog
monitoringa zajedno s hidrolokim stanicama.

Sistemsko osmatranje

1.2. About this report

Obrazovanje, obuka i jaanje svijesti

The specific goals of this report are:

Dosadanje aktivnosti u oblasti obrazovanja i u oblasti podizanja svijesti o klimatskim


1. to outline
international
context
regarding
e-Accessibility
including
existing
legal
promjenama
nisu bilethe
dobro
organizirane
i rezultati
su dosta
skromni. Tokom
pripreme
Drugog
nacionalnog
izvjetaja
i istraivanje
instruments
anduraeno
strategicjelevel
documents;javnosti Bosne i Hercegovine o klimatskim
promjenama, prema kojem najvei broj ispitanika, 82,8%, vjeruje da zaista dolazi do globalne
2. klime,
to develop
comparative
of e-Accessibility
forda
able-bodied
people
people
promjene
dok askoro
polovica picture
anketiranih,
44,9%, smatra
je uglavnom
maloversus
informirano
o klimatskim
promjenama i njihovim moguim posljedicama, dok 12,9% ne zna nita o ovoj temi.
with disabilities;
3. to assess
the current
level of e-Accessibility
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
Rezultati
istraivanja
nedvosmisleno
idu u prilogand
injenici
da obrazovanje,
obuka i jaanje
4.
to
identify
good
practices
in
the
region;
svijesti javnosti u svim sferama koje se tiu klimatskih promjena, njihovim moguim posljedicama,
kao i mjerama
za njihovo
i prilagoavanje,
jeste i treba
ostatistakeholders
jedan od prioriteta
5. to develop
a set ublaavanje
of recommendations
for government
and other
on howza
to:
Bosnu i -Hercegovinu
u
narednom
razdoblju.
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

Priprema operativnih programa za informiranje javnosti

Osnovne informacije koje moraju doi do svakoga su sljedee:


This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that is being
implemented
in thejecontext
of the
e-SEE promjene,
Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
1. Bosna
i Hercegovina
ranjiva na
klimatske
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Postoje metode
prilagoavanja
ve postojee
klimatske
(mjereEurope
adaptacije)
i
UNDPs2.
Democratic
Governance
Thematicna
Trust
Fund to support
thepromjene
South Eastern
region
mjere za suzbijanje emisija staklenikih plinova (mjere ublaavanja klimatskih promjena),
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
3. Razvijene zemlje su spremne i obavezale su se kroz meunarodne sporazume da pomognu
regional action
plan for
Information
Society development,
and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
zemljama
u razvoju
pri adaptiranju
na klimatske promjene.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

Ogranienja i nedostaci

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Osnovna
ogranienja
nedostaci
koji utiu
na provoenje
obaveza
UNFCCC-u,
kao i
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on i their
existing
knowledge,
networks
and prema
resources.
Empowering
na
provoenje
aktivnosti
u
oblasti
izrade
inventara
emisija
staklenikih
plinova,
suzbijanja
emisija
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
staklenikih plinova, te prilagoavanje na postojee klimatske promjene su:
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the- Institucionalna:
fellow UNDP Country
Offices in ithe
region, while
the Officesuradnje
of SenioriICT
Advisor at izmeu
the BDP
nedostatak
vertikalne
i horizontalne
koordinacije
in New Yorknadlenih
is providing
expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
institucija;
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
- countries.
Finansijska: nedovoljno koritenje ekonomskih instrumenata u zatiti okolia;
respective
- Ogranienja u ljudskim resursima: nedovoljan broj osoblja edukovanog u oblasti zatite okolia.
17

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Priprema Drugog nacionalnog izvjetaja je sluila kao sredstvo za razvoj vjetina i izgradnju
kapaciteta u kljunim sektorima. Cilj SNC projektnog tima je da se svi rezultati integriu u proces
dugoronog razvoja i u razvojne planove sektora. lanovi ovog interdisciplinarnog tima su u
stalnom kontaktu i predstavljaju podlogu za unapreenje rada institucija koje e vremenom dostii
nivo potreban za uspjenu implementaciju aktivnosti predvienih Izvjetajem. Tokom izrade SNC-a
takoe se radilo na izgradnji kapaciteta domaih institucija, tako da mogu preuzeti aktivniju ulogu
u pripremi narednih nacionalnih komunikacija.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

18

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

1. Okolnosti u dravi

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.1. Struktura i institucionalni okvir


Bosna
i Hercegovina
je suverena
drava s decentraliziranom politikom i administrativnom
1.2.
About
this
report
strukturom. Sastoji se od dva entiteta: Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine (FBiH) i Republike Srpske

(RS) i Distrikta Brko.


The specific goals of this report are:
Donoenje odluka ukljuuje Vijee ministara, te vlade dva entiteta (Federacije Bosne i
Hercegovine
Republike
i Brkocontext
distrikta.regarding
Federacijae-Accessibility
Bosne i Hercegovine
je podijeljena
na
1. to i outline
theSrpske)
international
including
existing legal
10 kantona. U sektoru okolia u BiH, Ministarstvo vanjske trgovine i ekonomskih odnosa Bosne i
instruments and strategic level documents;
Hercegovine (MVTEO) je odgovorno za koordinaciju aktivnosti i u meunarodnim odnosima, ali su za
pitanja u2.vezi
s okoliem
u BiH odgovorne
vlade
entiteta. Odgovarajui
organi vlasti
suversus
Ministarstvo
to develop
a comparative
picture
of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
people
okolia iwith
turizma
Federacije
BiH,
Ministarstvo
za
prostorno
ureenje,
graevinarstvo
i
ekologiju
RS
disabilities;
(koje je Focal Point prema UNFCCC-u) i Odjeljenje za komunalne poslove Distrikta Brko. Vijee
ministara
je potpisnik
odreenog
meunarodnih
sporazuma i konvencija
o okoliu i u
3. BiH
to assess
the current
level ofbroja
e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
potpunosti
jeidentify
predan good
ispunjavanju
uvjeta
su propisani u ovim sporazumima.
4. to
practices
in thekoji
region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Bosna i Hercegovina je potencijalni kandidat za lanstvo u EU. Sporazum o stabilizaciji i
address
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
pridruivanju
(SSP)
izmeu
Bosne i Hercegovine
i EU potpisan je u junu 2008. godine. Privremeni
comply
with
requirements
for
the
and EU.
sporazum, koji se uglavnom odnosi na trgovinskaUN
pitanja
SSP-a, na snazi je od jula 2008. godine.
Meutim, napredak u pogledu reformi koje se tiu EU je ogranien.
Najvaniji
sporazumi
u oblasti
zatite okolia
ukljuuju
sljedee:
This
reportratificirani
is part of meunarodni
a larger project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
Okvirna konvencija Ujedinjenih nacija o klimatskim promjenama (UNFCCC)
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPsBosna
Democratic
Governance
ThematicUNFCCC
Trust Fund
to support
South
Eastern Europe
region
i Hercegovina
je ratificirala
2000.
godine. the
Nakon
ratificiranja
UNFCCC-a,
in
thejeimplementation
of the Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority institucionalne
Area of the e-SEE
Agenda+,
the
BiH
uinila niz nastojanja
da uspostavi
odgovarajue
politike,
i pravne
okvire
kako bi ispunila
obaveze
Konvencije.Society
Na osnovu
zajednikog
sporazuma
oba relevantna
entiteta,
regional
action plan
for iz
Information
development,
and
the UNCRPD.
The programmatic
kontakt
institucija
BiH
prema
UNFCCC
je
Ministarstvo
za
prostorno
ureenje,
graevinarstvo
i
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
ekologiju RS. Protokol iz Kjota takoer je ratificiran 16. aprila 2007. godine.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
BiH je 2010. godine podnijela Sekretarijatu Konvencije Prvi nacionalni izvjetaj u skladu s
Secretariat,
capitalizing
their existing
knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Okvirnom Konvencijom
UNono klimatskim
promjenama.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic
Governancenacija
Sector.o The
UNDP Country
Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Konvencija Ujedinjenih
biolokom
diverzitetu
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Bosna
i Hercegovina
je ratificirala
Konvenciju
Ujedinjenih
nacija o biolokom members
diverzitetuof
in New York
is providing
expertise
and playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
2002. godine.
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

19

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Ministarstvo okolia i turizma Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine kao Focal Point Konvencije
Ujedinjenih nacija o biolokom biodiverzitetu je u okviru svojih obaveza pripremilo i dalo na
usvajanje entitetskim vladama Strategiju Bosne i Hercegovine s akcijskim planom za zatitu
bioloke i pejzane raznolikosti (2008-2015). Ovaj dokument sadri suvremenu i cjelovitu procjenu
stanja i stepena bioloke raznolikosti, geografsku distribuciju biolokih resursa, te identificirane
postojee i potencijalne negativne tendencije.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Konvencija
nacija
za UNCRPD,
borbu protiv
This section
presentsUjedinjenih
an overview
of the
its dezertifikacije
significance andzemljita
main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Bosna i Hercegovina je ratificirala Konvenciju Ujedinjenih nacija za borbu protiv
bydezertifikacije
a descriptionzemljita
of the major
and actions at the European Union level relating to
2002. instruments
godine.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Beka konvencija o zatiti ozonskog omotaa
Bosna
i Hercegovina
je postala strana Beke konvencije za zatitu ozonskog omotaa i
1.1.
Why
e-Accessibility?
Montrealskog protokola o materijama koje oteuju ozonski omota na osnovu sukcesije iz bive

e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
the range Pekinke
of barriers
that people
disabilities
and others
Jugoslavije. Bosna
i Hercegovina
je ratificirala
amandmane
nawith
Protokol
iz Montreala,
te se
such
as older
populations
experience
when
seeking to participate(HCFC)
on equal
terms in the Information
pridruila
odluci
o globalnom
ukidanju
hlorofluorougljikovodika
i hlorofluorougljika
(CFC).
Society.

Konvencija o prekograninom zagaivanju zraka na velikim udaljenostima

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Bosna i Hercegovina je postala strana Konvencije o prekograninom zagaivanju zraka
from
websites
for e-government
services,
to telephony
supportprograma
for blindsuradnje
people tozasubtitling
oni
na velikim
udaljenostima
i Protokola
Konvencije
o financiranju
nadziranje
television.
to 15 percentzagaivanja
of the population
the udaljenostima
European Union
has a disability,
such asnaa
procjenu Up
prekograninog
zraka across
na velikim
u Evropi
(EMEP protokol)
osnovu
sukcesije
iz bive
Jugoslavije.
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.

1.1.1. Odgovornosti
i drugih
organa
za cover
A perhaps surprising numberministarstava
of international agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
this area. At the
highest international
pitanja
okolia level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is

the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
U skladu
sa such
Zakonom
o ministarstvima,
organ
vlasti za pitanja
okolia Directive
na dra
spread across
areas
as Television
Without relevantni
Frontiers (for
subtitling),
the Copyright
vnom
nivou
je
Ministarstvo
vanjske
trgovine
i
ekonomskih
odnosa
(MVTEO).
Tanije,
ovo
ministarstvo
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
je odgovorno za vrenje dunosti u vezi s definiranjem politika i osnovnih principa, koordiniranje
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
aktivnosti i harmoniziranje planova entitetskih vlasti i organa na meunarodnom nivou za zatitu
Furthermore,
moves
are afoot
to strengthen
okolia, razvoj
i upotrebu
prirodnih
resursa.these and to enact more legislation.
There
is at least
a five-fold
Republika
Srpska
(RS) justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

za prostorno
graevinarstvo
i ekologiju
je odgovorno
cjelo
1.Ministarstvo
It is worthwhile
in its ownureenje,
right to improve
access to
services RS
to people
who arezaalready
kupni kvalitet zatite okolia i poboljanja putem istraivanja, planiranja, mjera upravljanja i
It helps
fulfil theodpromise
of the Information
Societyi to
reduce rather
than
zatite,marginalized.
ukljuujui zatitu
sredstava
opeg interesa,
prirodnih resursa
prirodnog
i kulturnog
increase
the disadvantages
certain
populations
Conversely,
effort
in this
naslijea.
Republiki
hidrometeoroloki
zavod
Republikeface.
Srpske
je vladinainsufficient
organizacija
odgovorna
za nadziranje
klimatskih
promjena,
razmjenu
klimatskih
area is likely
to further
marginalize
these
groups. podataka i upravljanje bazom podataka,
primijenjena istraivanja i klimatska predvianja u okviru razliitih naunih i tehnikih programa
2. meteoroloke
Improving access
to services,
public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Svjetske
organizacije
(WMO).
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

20

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodiedBosne
people;i Hercegovine
it can reduce the
cost of web service development, and enhance the
Federacija
(FBiH)
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Ministarstvo okolia i turizma FBiH je odgovorno za strune i druge zadatke u vezi sa
The earlier
is taken,prirode,
the easier
it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
into development
zatitom4.zraka,
vode iaction
tla, zatitom
upravljanjem
otpadom,
razvojem politika
i strategijaof
e-Services
to lower
the cost.
za zatitu
okolia uand
skladu
s odrivim
razvojem, nadziranje okolia i kontrolu zraka, vode i tla,
izradu periodinih izvjetaja u vezi sa statusom okolia. Federalni hidrometeoroloki zavod FBiH je
Pursuing
approaches
that follow EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist in the
neovisna5.agencija
odgovorna
za administrativne
i profesionalne
dunosti u vezi s meteorologijom,
aspects
of the development
of the kvaliteta
Information
Society
in the EU
convergence
of different
seizmologijom,
hidrologijom
i vodnim
resursima,
kao i za praenje
okolia,
ukljuujui
kvalitet zraka,
vode
i
tla.
tovie,
odgovoran
je
za
sakupljanje,
obradu
i
objavljivanje
podataka
u vezi
and SEE countries.
s ovim aktivnostima.

tijelo za
zatitu okolia
1.2.Meuentitetsko
About this
report
Odlukama Vlade Republike Srpske i Vlade Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine osnovano je
The
specific
goals
of this
Meuentitetsko
tijelo
za report
zatitu are:
okolia.Ovo tijelo se bavi svim pitanjima iz oblasti okolia koja
zahtijevaju usaglaen pristup entiteta, kao i drugim pitanjima koja su prenesena na Meuentitetsko
tijelo za1.zatitu
okolia
strane entiteta.
U nadlenosti
ovog Tijela je izrada
meuentitetskog
to outline
theod
international
context
regarding e-Accessibility
including
existing legal
programa
zatite okolia.
instruments
and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people

1.1.2.
Statistika okolia
with disabilities;

Status
razvojathe
popisa
emisija
i Hercegovini
je propisan
zakonima o zatiti
3. to assess
current
leveluofBosni
e-Accessibility
andprimarno
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
zraka za4.FBiH
i
RS
koji
su
trenutno
na
snazi.
U
ovim
zakonima
bi
trebalo
istaknuti
sljedee:
to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
I Ministarstvo okolia i turizma FBiH i Ministarstvo za prostorno ureenje, graevinarstvo
- i ekologiju
addressRS
the
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
objavljuju
Izvjetaj
o popisima emisija zagaivanja zraka za svoje entitete u
svake
godine
za dvije prethodne
godine.
- januaru
comply
with
requirements
for the UN
and EU.
Kantoni u FBiH objavljuju Izvjetaj o popisima emisija zagaivanja zraka u aprilu svake
iz prirodnih
resursa)
za dvije prethodne
Thisgodine
report (ukljuujui
is part of a distribuciju
larger project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groupsgodine.
in e-Governance,
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
U Republici Srpskoj novim Zakonom o zatiti zraka iz 2011. godine, inventar emisija izthe UNDP Country
Office in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
rauje Republiki
hidrometeoroloki
zavod RS-a.
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Izvjetaji o popisima
emisija moraju
biti pripremljeni
u skladu
sa zahtjevima
za izvjetavanje
in the implementation
of the Inclusive
Information
Society Priority
Area
of the e-SEE
Agenda+, the
definiranim
meunarodnim
sporazumima,
ija
je
lanica
Bosna
i
Hercegovina.
Popisi
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
emisija moraju biti pripremljeni za sljedee supstance: SO2, N2O, CO2, CO, NH3, NOx,
priorities of CH
the,project
areCtherefore
fully
alignedpopisa
with the
targets
of e-SEE
NMVOCs,
H , i PM10.
Registar
emisija
odrava
se poAgenda+.
oblastima aktivnosti.
4

Procjene emisija vre se u skladu s meunarodno odobrenim metodama i smjernicama.


The Odgovornost
project is being
implemented
by the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE Initiative
zagaivaa,
specijaliziranih
institucija i ovlatenih
tijela je da ministarstvima
Secretariat,dostave
capitalizing
onpotrebne
their existing
knowledge,
networks
and resources. Empowering
podatke
za distribuciju,
procjenu
i/ili nadziranje.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Iako nisu direktno
ukljueni,Sector.
zavodi za
statistiku
na entitetskim
i na
dravnom
nivou takoer
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
The
UNDP Country
Office in
Sarajevo
is working
closely
igraju kljunu ulogu u nadziranju stanja okolia.
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

21

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1.2. Geografske karakteristike


Bosna i Hercegovina ima ukupnu povrinu od 51.209,2 km2, koja se sastoji od 51.197
km kopna i 12,2 km2 mora. Od ukupne povrine kopna, 5% su nizine, 24% brda, 42% planine i
29% krake oblasti. Prema svom geografskom poloaju na Balkanskom poluotoku, BiH pripada
jadranskom i crnomorskom slivu.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
2

This section
presents
an overview
UNCRPD,Hrvatskom
its significance
and Republikom
main sections,
the
Bosna
i Hercegovina
graniiofs the
Republikom
(931 km),
Srbijom
requirements
it sets in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
it is toBiH
be implemented.
This is
followed
(375 km) i Republikom
Crnom Gorom
(249 km).and
Na how
sjeveru,
ima pristup rijeci
Savi,
a na
Jadranskom
(23,5instruments
km morske and
granice).
Kopno
je European
veinom brdovito
do planinsko,
s
byjugu
a description
of moru
the major
actions
at the
Union level
relating to
prosjenom
nadmorskom
visinom
od
500
metara
(0
metara
na
primorju
i
2,387
metara
na
najviem
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
vrhu, planini Magli). Postoji sedam rijenih dolina (Una, Vrbas, Bosna, Drina, Sava, Neretva s
Trebinjicom i Cetina), od kojih 75,5% pripada slivu Crnog mora i 24,3% slivu Jadranskog mora.
Bosna i Hercegovina je bogata u termalnim, mineralnim i termalno-mineralnim vodama.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen
these
and
to enact more legislation.
Slika 1. Karta
Bosne
i Hercegovine
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

1.3. Stanovnitvo
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil stanovnitva,
the promise koji
of the
Information
Societyukupan
to reduce
than
Prema posljednjem
popisu
je uraen
1991. godine,
brojrather
stanovnika
je bio 4.377.033
i
BDP
po
glavi
stanovnika
je
bio
otprilike
2.500
USD,
to
stavlja
BiH
meu
srednje
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
razvijene
zemlje.
Prema
procjenama
Agencije
za groups.
statistiku BiH od 30.06.2011, stanovnitvo BiH je
area
is likely
to further
marginalize
these
iznosilo 3.839.737. Prema preliminarnim procjenama entitetskih zavoda za statistiku u Republici
Improving
access
to services,
public and
private,
to such a2.338.270
significant
proportionUrbano
of the
Srpskoj2.ivi
1.429.668
stanovnika,
a u Federaciji
Bosne
i Hercegovine
stanovnika.
stanovnitvo
se procjenjuje
na 80% ukupnog
stanovnitva,
to je rezultat
migracija
tokom
population
opens significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and canmasovnih
help public
services
fulfil
rata iz their
ruralnih
u
urbana
podruja.
Uoen
je
rast
u
omjeru
stanovnika
u
dobi
od
preko
64
godine
(od
remit in a cost effective manner.
6,4% do skoro 16,2% od ukupnog stanovnitva u 2009. godini) i znaajan pad broja aktivnog radnog
stanovnitva
grupe starosne
dobi odfor
20 the
do 40
godina.
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
marginalized
could also lead to improved access for
2

22

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;

Slika 2. Gustina naseljenosti Bosne i Hercegovine prema popisu stanovnitva iz 1991. godine

U3. Bosni
i Hercegovini
2010.
godine roenoand
33.528
beba; broj stakeholders;
umrlih je 35.118, to
to assess
the currentjelevel
of e-Accessibility
e-Accessibility
pokazuje da je povean mortalitet u poreenju s ranijim godinama. Sljedea tabela daje procjenu
4. to identify good practices in the region;
stanovnitva u BiH sredinom svake godine i prirodni prirataj.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles toivoroeni
e-Accessibility;
Umrli
- Ukupno
stanovnitvo
Prirodni prirataj
comply
with requirements for the UN and EU.
2008

3.842

Ukupno

Mukarci

Ukupno

Mukarci

34.176

17.585

34.026

17.687

150

is part of a larger
project, Empowering
Marginalised
Groups in e-Governance,
2009 This report 3.843
34.550
18.001
34.904
17.884
-354
that2010
is being implemented
in the context
e-SEE Initiative.
regional project
designed by
3.843
33.528 of the17.277
34.118 It is a17.900
-1.590
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic
Thematic
Trust
Fund tosvake
support
thei prirodni
South Eastern
Tabela 1. Governance
Procjena stanovnitva
u BiH
sredinom
godine
priratajEurope region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

1.4. Karakteristike klime

The
project
is being implemented
the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
Initiative
Bosna
i Hercegovina
ima umjerenubykontinentalnu
klimu, koja
je veinom e-SEE
zastupljena
u
sjevernim i centralnim
dijelovima
podplaninskog
i planinskog
1000 m),
jadranski
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on theirBiH,
existing
knowledge,
networkstipa
and(preko
resources.
Empowering
(mediteranski)
i
izmijenjeni
jadranski
tip
klime,
predstavljen
u
primorju
Neuma,
koji
takoer
i
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the vai
Social
za nisku Hercegovinu. Iz gore spomenutih razloga, klima Bosne i Hercegovine varira od umjereno
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector. nizije
The UNDP
Country
Sarajevodo
is alpske
working
closely
kontinentalne u sjevernom
dijelu Panonske
du rijeke
SaveOffice
i u zoniinpodnoja,
klime
u
with
the fellow
UNDPi Country
Offices
in the
region, while
the Office
of Senior
ICTniske
Advisor
at the BDP
planinskim
regijama,
mediteranske
klime
u priobalnom
podruju
i podruju
regije
Hercegovine
naNew
juguYork
i jugoistoku.
U sjevernom
drave, an
prosjena
zraka openito varira
izmeuof
in
is providing
expertisedijelu
and playing
advisorytemperatura
role. Government-appointed
members
-1 i Regional
-2C u januaru
i izmeu Advisory
18 i 20C Taskforce
u julu. Na (REGATA)
nadmorskim
od preko
1000Points
m, prosjena
the
e-Governance
actvisinama
as government
Focal
for their
temperatura varira od -4 do -7C u januaru, a od 9 do 14C u julu. Na Jadranskom primorju i u niskoj
respective countries.
Hercegovini, temperatura zraka varira od 3 do 9S u januaru, a od 22 do 25C u julu (razdoblje 19611990). Evidentirane su i ekstremne temperature od -41,8C (niska) i 42,2C (visoka).
23

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Nizinske oblasti sjeverne Bosne i Hercegovine imaju srednju godinju temperaturu izmeu
10 i 12C, a u oblastima iznad 500 m temperatura je ispod 10C. Srednja godinja temperatura
zraka u priobalnom podruju iznosi izmeu 12 i 17C. U razdoblju 1981-2010. godine evidentirano
je poveanje temperature na itavom prostoru Bosne i Hercegovine. Najvee poveanje je tokom
ljetnog i zimskog razdoblja i iznosi oko 1C.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Godinje koliine padavina variraju od 800 mm na sjeveru du rijeke Save, do 2.000 mm u


centralnim i jugoistonim planinskim regijama (period 1961-1990). U kontinentalnom dijelu BiH, koji
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
pripada oblasti sliva rijeke Dunav, glavni dio godinjih padavina se javlja u toplijoj polovici godine,
requirements
it sets in all
aspects
of e-Accessibility
how its isbrojnim
to be implemented.
is followed
doseui maksimum
u junu.
Centralni
i juni dioand
drave,
planinama i This
uskim
obalnim
bypodrujima,
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
karakterizira izmijenjeni sredozemni piuviometrijski reim pod utjecajem Jadranskog
mora, tako
da su mjesene
maksimalne
padavina kasno ujesen i poetkom zime, veinom
disability
in general
and e-Accessibility
in koliine
particular.
u novembru i decembru. U razdoblju 1981-2010. na veem dijelu niske Hercegovine je evidentirano
smanjenje padavina na godinjem nivou, dok je na veini planinskih meteo-stanica zabiljeen porast
padavina. U odnosu na razdoblje 1961-1990, u ovom razdoblju je prisutna neravnomjernija raspodjela
padavina tokom godine, to je jedan od glavnih faktora koji uvjetuju eu pojavu sua i poplava.
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Trajanje
sunanih
razdobljawhen
smanjuje
se toodparticipate
primorja on
prema
i ka viim
such as older
populations
experience
seeking
equalunutranjosti
terms in the Information
nadmorskim visinama. Godinja suma trajanja sunanih sati u centralnoj planinskoj oblasti iznosi
Society.
1.700-1.900 sati, to je posljedica iznadprosjene oblanosti - 60-70%. Zbog estih magli tokom
hladnog razdoblja godine, solarna iradijacija u unutranjosti je nia nego na istoj nadmorskoj visini
e-Accessibility
potentially
refer
to any typesunanih
of ICT used
citizens,
involves
u primorju.
U junimcan
regijama
imamo
1.900-2.300
satiby(Mostar
= and
2.285
sati). Ueverything
sjevernoj
Bosni
i
Hercegovini
broj
sunanih
sati
iznosi
1.800-2.000,
vie
u
istonom
dijelu
nego
u
zapadnom.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
OblanostUp
setosmanjuje
od zapada
prema istoku.
television.
15 percent
of the population
across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or padavina
motor impairment,
and1.250
SEE mm,
countries
expect
Prosjena
godinja
koliina
u BiH je oko
to, scan
obzirom
natotohave
da jea
similar
or BiH
higher
proportion.
povrina
51.209
km2, iznosi 64 x 109 m3 vode ili 2.030 m3/s. Otjecanje s teritorije BiH je 1.155 m3/s
ili 57% ukupne koliine padavina. Meutim, ove koliine vode nisu jednako rasporeene, prostorno
ili vremenski.
Naprimjer,
prosjeno
godinje
otjecanje
iz doline rijeke
Save, ija
povrinacover
sliva
A perhaps
surprising
number of
international
agreements,
regulations
and je
guidelines
38.719 km2 (75,7%) u BiH, iznosi 722 m3/s ili 62,5%, dok otjecanje iz doline Jadranskog mora, koja
this area. At the highest international
level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
ima povrinu od 12.410 km2 (24,3%) u BiH iznosi 433 m3/s ili 37,5%.
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore,
moves are
afoot
to strengthen
these
and totekua
enact deavanja
more legislation.
U narednom
dijelu
teksta
ukratko su
opisana
i promjene u pojedinim
sektorima u odnosu na Prvi nacionalni izvjetaj, kao i osnovni parametri utjecaja ovih sektora na
klimatske
promjene
i deavanja
ovoj oblastifor
u Bosni
i Hercegovini.
Detaljniji
opisi sektora, kao
There
is at least
a five-foldujustification
early action
in the area
of e-Accessibility:
i mogui scenariji ublaavanja klimatskih promjena i prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama,
kao i popis predloenih mjera za ublaavanje i prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama u Bosni i
1. It is predstavljeni
worthwhile insuitsu own
rightpoglavljima
to improve access
to services to people who are already
Hercegovini,
kasnijim
ovog izvjetaja.
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

1.5. Analiza sektora

1.5.1. Privreda i industrija

2.Pored
Improving
to services,
public and private,
to such
a significant
proportion
the
opih access
nastojanja,
tempo poslijeratnog
privrednog
oporavka
je bio mnogo
sporijiofnego
to je oekivano.
koje je uradila
Agencija
za statistiku and
BiH can
za 2010.
pokazuju
da
populationProcjene,
opens significant
market/sales
opportunities,
help godinu,
public services
fulfil
je vrijednost
BDP-a
iznosila
24.584
miliona
KM,
dok
je
prosjeni
BDP
po
glavi
stanovnika
iznosio
their remit in a cost effective manner.
6.397 KM. U 2009. Godini, sastav BDP-a po sektorima je bio 10,2% poljoprivreda, 23,9% industrija
3. Improving
for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
i 66% usluge
(BHAS e-Accessibility
2009.)
2

24

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Indikatori
2004.
2006.
prospects
for migrating web services
onto2005.
new platforms
such2007.
as mobile2008.
phones.2009.
Nominalni
BDPearlier
(milijarde
eura)is taken, the8,1
9,8 e-Accessibility
11,1
12,6
12,3 of
4. The
action
easier it is8,7
to integrate
into
development

and to lower the cost.


BDP poe-Services
stanovniku (eura)
2.101

2.279

2.562

2.896

3.287

3.192

Realna stopa
rasta BDP
6,3 EU guidelines
3,9
6,1recommendations
6,2
5,7
-2,9
5. Pursuing
approaches that follow
and
will assist
in the

of the development
of the Information
Society in404
the EU
convergence
of different aspects258
Prosjena
neto plata (eura)
275
300
322
385
and SEE countries.

Godinja inflacija (%)

0,4

3,8

6,1

1,5

7,4

- 0,4

Godinja stopa nezaposlenosti (%)

43,2

43,0

31,0

29,0

23,4

24,1

2.160

2.787

3.425

3.219

3.176

-3,68

-3,96

-3,41

-4,14

-4,82

-3,48

567

478

564

1,628

701

452

1.2.
About this report
Rezerve u stranoj valuti (milioni eura)
1.779
Trgovinski balans (milijarde eura)

The specific goals of this report are:


Ukupni FDI (milion eura)

FDI doprinos
BDP (%)
7,0
5,5
5,8
14,7including
5,6 existing
3,7legal
1. to za
outline
the international context
regarding
e-Accessibility

strategic level documents;


Depozitinstruments
domainstavaand
u komercijalnim
1.273
1.629
bankama (milioni eura)

2.097

2.641

2.662

2.895

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


Populacija
milionima )
3,84
3,84
3,84
3,84
3,84
3,84
with( udisabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
Tabela 2. Osnovni ekonomski pokazatelji za BiH u razdoblju 2004-20092
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;

2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

Federacija BiH

63,79

63,62

63,73

63,30

63,45

63,77

Republika
33,59 Empowering
33,95
33,75
34,35
33,93
ThisSrpska
report is part of a larger project,
Marginalised
Groups 34,26
in e-Governance,

that
is being
of the e-SEE
project
Brko
Distriktimplemented in the context2,62
2,42 Initiative.
2,52It is a regional
2,35
2,29 designed
2,30 by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance
Thematic
Trust
Fund
to support
Tabela
3. Uee
entiteta
u BDP-u
BiH uthe
% South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
BDP po stanovniku u BiH, izraen u SKM (standardna kupovna mo) za 2010. iznosi 31%
priorities
of the
are therefore
fully aligned
with uthe
targets
e-SEE Agenda+.
prosjeka EU
27, project
dok je potronja
po stanovniku
u SKM
istoj
godiniofiznosila
37% prosjeka EU 27.

U razdoblju 2008 - 2010, BDP po stanovniku u BiH, izraen u SKM je porastao sa 30% na 31%
The
being
implemented
by the
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE Initiative
prosjeka
EUproject
27. Opiis nivo
cijena
u BiH u 2010.
iznosio
je 50% prosjeka
EU 27. U periodu
2008
2010. opi nivo
cijena u BiH
porastao
sa 49%
na 50% prosjeka
EU 27
(BHAS
2012). Empowering
Secretariat,
capitalizing
onje their
existing
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
2 Izvor: Agencija za unapreenje stranih investicija u BiH, 2010
25

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
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SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up Grafikon
to 15 percent
of the population
across the
European
Union
has a disability,
1. Pojedinani
doprinosi godinjem
rastu
industrijske
proizvodnje
u BiH such as a
5,6% uimpairment,
2011. (BHAS and
2012)SEE countries can expect to have a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, orod
motor
similar or higher proportion.
Proizvodnja i
Snadbijevanje
snabdijevanje
vodom; uklanjanje
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
Vaenje ruda Preraivaka
elektrinom
otpadnih voda,
Ukupno
this area. At the highest
international
level, the UNCRPD,
ratified upravljanje
and coming
into force
2008,
i kamena
industrija
energijom,
otpadom
(uin
mil
KM) is
plinom,
parom
i
i
djelatnosti
sanacije
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
klimatizacija
okolia

spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
725,4 and the Telecoms
8011,9 Framework
1284,5
212,1
10233,9
(forBiH
copyright exemptions),
(for assistive technologies).
e-Accessibility
is also
exist for153,7
programmatic6756,5
support.
FBiH covered by policy,
535,4 and guidelines
5215,4 and benchmarking
852
Furthermore,
moves are
afoot to strengthen
to enact more legislation.
RS
189,7
2519,5 these and
432,4
56,8
3198,4
Brko distrikt

0,3

276,9

1,6

278,8

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Tabela 4. Vrijednost prodaje/isporuke industrijskih proizvoda u 2011.

1. It is worthwhile in
own rightdjelatnosti
to improve
access to
services
poits
podrujima
i entitetima
(BHAS
2012)to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
U 2009. godini
BiH je bila ucertain
recesiji,populations
s padom realnog
BDP-a za 2,9%
nakon poveanja
od
increase
the disadvantages
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort in this
5,7% u 2008. godini. Ekonomska kriza je uglavnom uzrokovana padom domae privatne potronje,
is likelyi to
further marginalize
these groups.
padomarea
investicija
smanjenjem
vanjske potranje.
Trgovina je drastino usporena, graevinske
aktivnosti
i industrijska
proizvodnja
su se
u 2009.
nezaposlenost
se poveala.
2. Improving
access
to services,
public
and godini
private,smanjile,
to such aa significant
proportion
of the
Poto u godinama prije krize nije stvoreno dovoljno fiskalnog prostora i poto su visoki trokovi
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
prevladavali, javne financije su padom prihoda u 2009. godini, uzrokovanim ekonomskom recesijom,
their remittako
in a da
cost
manner.
jako optereene,
sueffective
vlasti BiH
morale traiti vanjsku podrku od meunarodne zajednice.
Mjere fiskalnog
prilagoavanja
dogovorene
s MMF-om i Svjetskom
za budete
za 2009.
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
for the marginalized
could also bankom
lead to improved
access
for

26

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
can reduce the
cost
of web service
andstrukturalne
enhance the
i 2010. godinu
doprinijele
suitkonsolidaciji
javnih
financija,
dok su development,
odreene vane
reformeprospects
uznapredovale.
U
2010.
I
2011.
godini
mogu
se
zabiljeiti
odreeni
znakovi
ekonomskog
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
oporavka, poto je fiziki obim industrijske proizvodnje u BiH, prema podacima BHAS-a za 2011.
4. The earlier
action
thena
easier
it is togodinu.
integrate e-Accessibility into development of
godinu zabiljeio
rast od
5,6%isutaken,
odnosu
prethodnu
e-Services and to lower the cost.
Vrijednost uvoza Bosne i Hercegovine u 2011. godini je 15,5 milijardi KM, to je za 14% vie
Pursuing
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist
u odnosu5.na
2010., dok
se izvoz poveao
za 15,9%
i u 2011. godini
je iznosio 8,2 milijarde
KM. in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.
U hiljadama KM

2008

Izvoz robaAbout this6.711.690


1.2.
report
Promjena izvoza

13,05%

The
specific
are:
Uvoz
roba goals of this report16.286.056

2009

2010

2011

5.530.377

7.095.505

8.222.112

-17,6%

28,3 %

15,88%

12.348.466

13.616.204

15.525.428

Promjena uvoza

17,18 %

-24,18 %

10,27 %

14,02 %

Pokrivenost uvoza izvozom

41,21 %

44,79 %

52,11 %

52,96 %

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


Trgovinski bilans
-9.574.366
-6.818.089
-6.520.699
-7.303.316
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
Tabela 5. Spoljnotrgovinski indikatori za 2008 2011 (BHAS)

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


4. to identify good practices in the region;
Stopa nezaposlenosti u 2011. godini je iznosila 27.6 %. U julu 2012. godine broj registrovanih
5. to develop
a set ofjerecommendations
for government
and other
stakeholders
how to:
nezaposlenih
u BiH iznosio
539 366, to je za oko
2% vie u odnosu
na isti
period 2011.ongodine.
address the
obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Udio enske
populacije
u registrovanim
nezaposlenima iznosi 50,9 procenata ili u apsolutnom
iznosu 274
osoba enskoga
spola. Sveukupno
- 775comply
with requirements
for the UNgledano,
and EU.trite rada je i dalje rascjepkano, a
uvjeti su strogi.
Na osnovu prosjenog kretanje indeksa potroakih cijena u Bosni i Hercegovini u 2011.
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
u odnosu na prosjek 2010. godine zakljuujemo da je u tom periodu inflacija u prosjeku iznosila
that
being implemented
in the context
of kategorijama
the e-SEE Initiative.
It is ai regional
3,7%.isPoveanje
cijena je zabiljeeno
u svim
osim odjee
obue, teproject
sektoradesigned
zdravstvaby
the
UNDP Country
Officeinflacija
in Bosnia
and
Herzegovina,
DG/BDP -0,4%,
NY, anddok
funded
by the
i obrazovanja.
Godinja
je u
2009.
godini bilasupported
negativnabyi dosegla
je 20010.
godine iznosila
2,1%.Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
UNDPs
Democratic
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
Postavke monetarne politike su nepromijenjene od maja 2009. nakon to su minimalne
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
obavezne rezerve smanjivane vie puta od oktobra 2008. kako bi se poveala likvidnost bankarskog
priorities
the project
are therefore
fullyOtra
aligned
with the targets
e-SEE
Agenda+.
sektora u of
vrijeme
financijskih
kolebanja.
ekonomska
kriza u of
2009.
godini
otkrila je ranjivost

modela rasta BiH, koji se oslanja na potronju financiranu izvana, ime se stvara veliki vanjski debalans.
Thegledano,
project odrivost
is being makroekonomskih
implemented by the
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
Sveukupno
politika
je bila slaba zbog
strukturnihe-SEE
slabostiInitiative
javnih
financija, iakocapitalizing
su se vanjskion
debalansi
popravili,knowledge,
a financijskanetworks
i monetarna
stabilnost
je ouvana.
Secretariat,
their existing
and
resources.
Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
Ukupna proizvodnja elektrine energije u BiH za 2011. godinu iznosila je 14 049 GWh, to
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
predstavlja smanjenje od oko 13% u odnosu na isti period prethodne godine. Ovaj pad proizvodnje
respective
countries.
je uzrokovan
prvenstveno loom hidrolokom situacijom u odnosu na prethodnu godinu, to je

1.5.2. Energija

rezultiralo smanjenjem proizvodnje elektrine energije u hidroelektranama.

27

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
Grafikon
2. Proizvodnja elektrine energije u BiH u fizikim jedinicama GWH
similar or higher
proportion.
(Dravna regulatorna komisija za elektrinu energiju BiH)

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


Ukupna potronja elektrine energije u BiH tokom 2010. godine je iznosila 10 347 GWh,
this
area. godine
At the highest
international
theu UNCRPD,
and coming
force inpotronji
2008, is
a 2011.
nastavila
trend rastalevel,
od 3%
odnosu naratified
prethodnu
godinu. into
U finalnoj
the
relevant energije
legal context.
singledomainstva
EU directivesudjeluju
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
actions
are
elektrine
u 2010.Nogodini
sa 43,9%,
industrija sa but
35,7%,
a ostali
potroai
ukljuujui
graevinarstvo,
transport
i
poljoprivredu
sudjeluju
sa
20,4%.
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Ukupna by
proizvodnja
toplotne
energije
Bosni i Hercegovini
2010.
godini je 6.001
TJ, od
is also covered
policy, and
guidelines
andu benchmarking
existufor
programmatic
support.
ega je 3.791 TJ ili 63,2% proizvedeno u toplanama, 1.403 TJ ili 23,4% u termoelektranama, a 807
Furthermore,
moves
are afootu to
strengthen these
and to enact
more potronji
legislation.
TJ ili 13,4% je
proizvedeno
industrijskim
energanama.
U finalnoj
toplotne energije u
2010. godini najvee uee imaju domainstva sa 74,6%, a industrija i ostali potroai sa 25,4%.
Sveobuhvatna
postoji,justification
a entiteti nisu
svoje
koje su preuzete
There is strategija
at least a ne
five-fold
for uskladili
early action
in planove.
the areaObaveze
of e-Accessibility:
u okviru Ugovora o Energetskoj zajednici u pogledu promoviranja energije iz obnovljivih izvora
i biogoriva nisu ispunjene. Kasni se s izradom akcijskog plana za energetsku efikasnost, ija je
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
izrada u toku, s ciljem da se ispune obaveze iz Ugovora o Energetskoj zajednici.
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase
the efikasnost
disadvantages
certain
populationsi uface.
Conversely,
insufficient
effort in this
Energetska
u Bosni
i Hercegovini,
smislu
proizvodnje
i transformacije,
kao
area potronje,
is likely to niska
further
groups. privredama. Proizvodnja energije u BiH
i u smislu
jemarginalize
u poreenjuthese
s razvijenim
se zasniva na tehnologijama razvijenim prije tridesetak godina, kada je izgraen odreeni broj
access to U
services,
public andnovih
private,
to such iakod
significant
proportion
of the
blokova2.uImproving
termoelektranama.
sluaju izgradnje
postrojenja
velikih obnova
postojeih,
population
significant gdje
market/sales
opportunities,
andpotrebno
can help je
public
services
fulfil
potrebno
je uvesti opens
nove tehnologije,
god je to mogue.
Openito,
poveati
svjesnost
o utedama
koje se
poveanjem
their remit
in mogu
a cost postii
effective
manner. energetske efikasnosti. Utede energije zahtijevaju
ulaganja, ali se ta ulaganja brzo isplate.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

28

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can
reduce
the cost kapacitet
of web service
development,
and enhance
the
Obnovljivi
izvori
energije
(osim
za znaajan
hidroelektrana),
u trenutnom
nivou
razvoja iprospects
u postojeem
udjelu
ukupne
potronje
energije,
mogli
bi
samo
doprinijeti,
a
ne
i
zamijeniti
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
glavne pogone. Meutim, ove tehnologije se brzo razvijaju i njihova upotreba se poveava.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

1.5.3. Transport

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
Prema
raspoloivim
podacima
od nadlenih
institucija, Society
ukupna induina
aspectsprikupljenim
of the development
of the Information
the EU
convergence
of different
cestovne mree u Bosni i Hercegovini iznosi 22.740,20 km od ega je 72,60 km autocesta, 3.786,00
and SEE countries.
km magistralnih, 4.681,60 km regionalnih, te oko 14.200 km lokalnih cesta.

1.2. About
this report
Kategorija ceste

FBiH

Autocesta
37,60
The
specific goals of this report
are:
Magistralna cesta

2.005,00

Duina (km)
RS

Distrikt Brko

Ukupno

35,00

72,60

1.781,00

**

3.786,00

1. tocesta
outline the international
context
regarding e-Accessibility
including
existing legal
Regionalna
2.461,80
2.183,00
36,80
4.681,60
instruments and strategic level documents;

Lokalna cesta

**

**

170,66

14.200,00

2. to develop a comparative
e-Accessibility 207,46*
for able-bodied people
versus people
UKUPNO
4.504,40* picture of3.999,00*
22.740,20

withlokalnih
disabilities;
*podaci o duini
puteva na entitetskom nivou nisu dostavljeni

6. Ukupna
cestovne mree
u Bosni
i Hercegovini
3. to assess Tabela
the current
levelduina
of e-Accessibility
and
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
U 2011. godini je registrirano ukupno 950.915 cestovna motorna vozila. Od ukupnog broja
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
registriranih cestovnih motornih vozila u 2010. godini 86% odnosi se na putnika vozila, 9% na
theostale
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
teretna vozila,
aaddress
5% na sve
kategorije
vozila. Od ukupnog broja registriranih motornih vozila
comply
with
requirements
for
the
UN andvozila
EU. u 2010. godini. Posmatrano prema
6% se odnosi na prvi put registrirana cestovna
motorna
tipu pogonske energije, 57% vozila koristi dizel, 41% benzin, a 2 % vozila ostale vidove energije.

Obimreport
cestovnog
transporta
u Bosni
i Hercegovini
je za
2011. godinu
predstavljen
preko dva
This
is part
of a larger
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
pokazatelja: prevoz robe i prevoz putnika. Prema oba pokazatelja obim transporta je imao porast
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
u odnosu na 2010. god. za oko 3%. Detaljniji pokazatelji o obimu transporta prema pojedinanoj
the
UNDPpredstavljeni
Country Office
Bosnia and
Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
strukturi
su in
u sljedeoj
tabeli.
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the
Inclusive
of the e-SEE Agenda+,
the
Prevoz
robe Information Society Priority Area
2010.
2011.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Preeni kilometri vozila (u 000)
284.680
317.032
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Prevezeno tona robe (u 000)

4.837

4.857

project
is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based 2.038.731
UNDP-funded e-SEE
Initiative
Tonski The
kilometri
(u 000)
2.308.690
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Prevoz putnika and the e-SEE Secretariat are
2010.
2011.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance
positioned within
the Social
Inclusion/Democratic
Sector. The UNDP Country Office97.663
in Sarajevo is working
Preeni kilometri vozilaGovernance
(u 000)
93.823 closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Prevezeni putnici (u 000)
28.702
29.303
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
Putniki kilometri (u 000)
1.864.471
1.926.212
the
Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government
Focal Points
for their
respective countries.
Tabela 7. Obim transporta prema pojedinanoj strukturi

29

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Mrea eljeznica BiH se sastoji od 1.031 km eljeznikih pruga, od kojih se 425 km nalazi u
RS i 616 km u FBiH. Iako je gustoa eljeznikog saobraaja u BiH usporediva s dravama zapadne
Evrope, koliina prevoza robe i putnika po kilometru eljeznice je daleko ispod evropskog prosjeka.
Postojee stanje eljeznike infrastrukture je takvo da je normalan saobraaj onemoguen
bez veih ulaganja, a postojea koliina prevoza je nedovoljna za stvaranje dovoljno prihoda za
pokrivanje trokova.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Obim eljeznikog transporta u Bosni i Hercegovini je za baznu 2011. godinu predstavljen


This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
pou dva pokazatelja: prevoz robe i prevoz putnika, sljedeom tabelom:
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Prevoz robe

1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?
Tonski kilometri (u 000)
Prevezeno tona robe (u 000)

2010.

2011.

12.882

14.224

1.232.034

1.298.294

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Prevoz putnika
2010.
2011.
Society.
Prevezeni putnici (u 000)

898

821

e-Accessibility
can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens,
everything
Putniki
kilometri (u 000)
58.559 and involves
54.811
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Tabelaof8.the
Obim
eljeznikog
transporta
u Bosni i Union
Hercegovini
television. Up to 15 percent
population
across
the European
has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
Za razliku od cestovnog, obim eljeznikog transporta je u oblasti prevoza putnika imao
pad u odnosu na 2010. god. za oko 8,5%. Navedeni pokazatelj najbolje ilustrira postojee trendove,
A perhaps ublaavanja
surprising number
of transporta
international
agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
ali i mogunosti
u oblasti
u BiH.
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
Od 27
zvanino
aerodroma
u Bosni
i Hercegovini,
samo subutetiri
od njih
the relevant
legal
context.registriranih
No single EU
directive is
dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
actions
are
(Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Mostar i Tuzla) registrirana za meunarodni saobraaj (Ministarstvo
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
komunikacija i transporta BiH, 2005). Godinji broj putnika je oko 570.000 za Sarajevski aerodrom,
(for
copyright
exemptions),
and the
Telecoms
Framework
(for vei
assistive
technologies).
dok
Banja Luka,
Mostar i Tuzla
imaju
relativno
nizak, ali sve
broj putnika.
U Bosnie-Accessibility
i Hercegovini
isne
also
covered
by policy,
guidelines
and benchmarking
exist for programmatic
postoji
unutranji
zraniand
saobraaj
i svi podaci
se odnose na meunarodni
saobraaj. U I. support.
kvartalu
2011.
godine
broj
aerodromskih
operacija
pokazuje
pad
od
4,9%
u
odnosu
na
isti
kvartal
prethodne
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
godine. Broj prevezenih putnika je vei za 7,8 % u odnosu na isti kvartal prethodne godine.
There
is iat
least a five-fold
justification
early obalu
actionuinNeumu
the area
of e-Accessibility:
Bosna
Hercegovina
ima veoma
kratkufor
morsku
i nema
reguliran adekvatan
pristup meunarodnim vodama, i samim tim, nema reguliranu morsku luku. Meunarodna luka
koja je1.najvanija
za privredu
BiH right
je luka
Ploe u access
Hrvatskoj,
kapaciteta
5 miliona
It is worthwhile
in its own
to improve
to services
to people
whotona/godina
are already
(Ministarstvo
komunikacija
i
transporta,
2005).
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
U BiH rijeka Sava je glavna plovna rijeka i njenih 333 km duine u BiH takoer je i granica
further
marginalize
these
groups.
izmeuarea
BiH,iss likely
jedne to
strane,
i Hrvatske
i Srbije,
s druge.
Zbog toga to je rijeka Sava pritoka Dunava,

vodni prevoz
du Saveaccess
je povezan
s Dunavom,
kojiand
se smatra
Transevropskim
transportnim
koridorom
2. Improving
to services,
public
private,
to such a significant
proportion
of the
VII. Osnovna obiljeja stanja u rijenom prometu BiH su: zaputeni plovni putevi, nepostojanje
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
tehnoloki moderne flote (tegljenje umjesto potiskivanja), tehnika i tehnoloka zastarjelost,
their remit in luka
a costi effective
manner.
kao i devastiranost
nedostatak
brodogradilita s navozom. Kao pozitivnu injenicu treba
napomenuti da rijena plovidba ima institucionalno jednak status kao i drugi saobraajni vidovi.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

30

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
1.5.4.able-bodied
Poljoprivreda
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Poljoprivreda predstavlja jednu od stratekih grana privrednog razvoja BiH za koju je
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
vezan veliki udio ekonomskih aktivnosti zemlje, naroito u ruralnim podrujima.Udio sektora
e-Services
to lower the
cost. djelatnosti u strukturi BDP-a za 2010. godinu je iznosio
poljoprivrede,
lova iand
pripadajuih
uslunih
6,25% (BHAS).
Prema
podacima Ankete
o radnoj
snazi za 2011.
koju su sprovele
statistike
5. Pursuing
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
and godinu
recommendations
will assist
in the
institucije, broj zaposlenih u poljoprivredi iznosio je oko 160.000 to je vie od 19% od ukupnog broja
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
zaposlenih u BiH. Od ukupne povrine Bosne i Hercegovine oko 2,3 miliona ha ili 46% je pogodno
and SEE od
countries.
za poljoprivredu
kojih se samo 0,65% navodnjava. Od toga, oranice zauzimaju 1.009.000 ha ili
20,0% ukupnog zemljita, od kojeg je 478.000 ha ili 47% trenutno neobraeno. Po glavi stanovnika
dolazi oko 0,56 ha poljoprivrednog zemljita, od ega 0,36 ha ine oranice i vrtovi.

1.2. About this report

etrdeset i pet posto poljoprivrednog zemljita je brdovito (od 300 do 700 metara nadmorske
visine), srednjeg kvaliteta i podesno za poluintenzivno stoarstvo. Planinska podruja (preko 700
The specific goals of this report are:
metara nadmorske visine) ine daljih 35% poljoprivrednog zemljita. Meutim, velika nadmorska
visina, nagib kao i neplodnost tla ograniava koritenje ovog zemljita za ispau stoke samo u
1. proljea
to outline
the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
razdoblju
i ljeta.
instruments and strategic level documents;
Manje od 20% poljoprivrednog zemljita (polovica od ukupnog obradivog zemljita) pogodno
2. to develop
a comparative
picturese
of nalazi
e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
versus
people
je za intenzivnu
poljoprivredu,
a uglavnom
u nizinskim
podrujima na
sjeveru
zemlje
iu
with
disabilities;
dolinama
rijeka.
Prirodni vodni resursi su obilni, s mnogim nezagaenim rijekama i dostupnim
podzemnim vodama. Usprkos obilju vode, snabdijevanje vodom je limitirajui faktor za proizvodnju
3. to
assess the
current
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
u mnogim
oblastima.
Oko
10.000level
ha (0,1
procenat obradivog
zemljita) je navodnjavano
prije rata.
to identify
good
practicesje
inznatno
the region;
Podruje4.koje
se danas
navodnjava
manje od ovoga zbog teta izazvanih ratom, minskih
polja, nedostatka
odravanja,
krae, itd.
5. to develop
a set of recommendations
for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
U nizinskim oblastima, prirodni uvjeti su pogodni za odrivu poljoprivrednu proizvodnju
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
i modernu trinu ekonomiju. Tla s najviim kvalitetom mogu se nai u dolinama rijeka Save,
Une, Sane, Vrbasa, Bosne i Drine. U visijama Bosne i Hercegovine nalazi se manje vrijedno
poljoprivredno zemljite, pogodno za uzgoj stoke i komplementarnu poljoprivrednu proizvodnju,
This report
larger
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
zatim zdravu
hranuis
zapart
ljudeofi ahranu
zaproject,
stoku, jeam
za proizvodnju
za pivare,
proizvodnju
krompira,
itd. Poljoprivredno
zemljiteinuthe
mediteranskoj
regiji
pokriva
teritoriju
Dinarida
i nizine
regijeby
that
is being implemented
context of the
e-SEE
Initiative.
It is junih
a regional
project
designed
Hercegovine.
Kraka
poljainu Bosnia
ovom podruju
pokrivaju oko
170.000by
ha.
Moda bi
moglo
biti mogue
the
UNDP Country
Office
and Herzegovina,
supported
DG/BDP
NY,
and funded
by the
organizirati intenzivne staklenike i poljoprivredni uzgoj na otvorenom, uzgoj vinove loze, masovan
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
uzgoj voa iz porodice citrusa i povra, slatkovodni uzgoj ribe, i dranje pela.
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regionalUaction
plan
forodInformation
Society development,
and
the UNCRPD.
programmatic
BiH ima
vie
500.000 poljoprivrednih
gazdinstava
(procjena
USAID The
FARMA
projekta).
Prosjenaofveliina
oko 50%
gazdinstava
dva ha,with
dok the
je veliina
od 80%
gazdinstava manja
priorities
the project
are therefore
fullyjealigned
targetsvie
of e-SEE
Agenda+.
od pet ha. Imajui u vidu da nai poljoprivrednici uglavnom na svom imanju, pa ak i na jednoj
parceli The
proizvode
vie
i povra, ozbiljniji
poljoprivredne
proizvodnjee-SEE
se ne moe
ni
project
is vrsta
beingvoa
implemented
by the razvoj
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
Initiative
oekivati.
Iako
ima
vidljivog
napretka,
jo
uvijek
prevladava
uglavnom
ekstenzivna
proizvodnja
voa
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
i povra to rezultira niskim prosjenim prinosima kultura, i dodatno poskupljuje proizvod i ini ga
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and the e-SEE
Secretariat
are positioned
withinzemljinih
the Social
nekonkurentnim
na domaem,
ali i na inozemnom
tritu.
Nivo racionalnog
koritenja
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector. The
Country
Officeposjeda.
in Sarajevo is working closely
resursa ima kljunu ulogu,
kao i vlasnitvo
nad UNDP
zemljitem
i veliina
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Erozije
i poplave expertise
obradivogand
tla u
BiH ugroavaju
etve
odrivu upotrebu tla. Lijeve
polje,of
in New York
is providing
playing
an advisory
role.i Government-appointed
members
Semberija i plodno obradivo zemljite du rijeka Drine, Bosne, Vrbasa, Sane, Une, Save i Neretve s
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Trebinjicom su dovedeni u opasnost.
respective countries.

31

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Oranine povrine prema nainu koritenja (2011)

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
14%

1%

8%

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to 47%
be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
30%

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


0%
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
itarice
ugari
krmno bilje
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
rasadnici
industrijsko bilje
povre
Society.
Grafikon
3. Oranine
povrine
prema
koritenja
(BHAS 2011)
e-Accessibility
can potentially
refer
to any
type nainu
of ICT used
by citizens,
and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Politika u sektoru poljoprivrede, prehrane i ruralnog razvoja BiH posljednjih se godina
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
razvija u skladu s ciljevima i potrebama za pripremu i prikljuenje Evropskoj uniji. Iako je BiH
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor
impairment,
andi SEE
canekonomske
expect to have
posljednjih
godina
ostvarila
znaajan
ekonomski
napredak,
daljecountries
su potrebne
refoa
similar
orbihigher
proportion.
rme da
se stekli
uvjeti za pridruivanje Evropskoj uniji. Prema dokumentu Evropske komisije
o napretku Bosne i Hercegovine u 2010. godini ostvaren je mali napredak u usklaivanju s evro
pskimAstandardima
u oblasti
poljoprivrede
i ruralnog
razvoja. Izraeni
su dravni
stratekicover
plan
perhaps surprising
number
of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
i operativni program za usklaivanje u sektoru poljoprivrede, prehrane i ruralnog razvoja. Ipak,
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
provoenje jo uvijek nije zapoelo. Strateki plan ruralnog razvoja i Akcioni plan Republike
the
relevant
context.
No single
EUzadirective
is dedicated
e-Accessibility,
but actions
are
Srpske,
kaolegal
i Operativni
program
FBiH
usklaivanje
u oblastito
poljoprivrede,
prehrane
i ruralnog
spread
areas
such as sTelevision
subtitling),
Copyright
Directive
razvojaacross
moraju
se uskladiti
dravnim Without
okvirom.Frontiers
Usvojen (for
je odreeni
brojthe
propisa
za provoenje
Okvirnog
zakona
o
poljoprivredi,
prehrani
i
ruralnom
razvoju,
kao
i
za
provoenje
Zakona
o
duhanu.
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
nedostatak
provedbenog
zakonodavstva
spreava koordinaciju
usklaenih strategija
isSveukupni
also covered
by policy,
and guidelines
and benchmarking
exist for programmatic
support.i
zakonodavstva u ovoj oblasti u cijeloj zemlji.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

Robna razmjena u agroindustrijskom sektoru (Poljoprivredni proizvodi razvrstani u skladu


is at least ua 2010.
five-fold
justification
for zabiljeila
early action
in the
area ofu e-Accessibility:
s WTOThere
klasifikacijom)
godini
je u uvozu
rast
od 6,83%
odnosu na prethodnu
godinu, dok je izvoz iz BiH u istom razdoblju zabiljeio rast od 30,29%. Uvoz poljoprivrednih proizvoda
u ukupnom
u BiH sudjeluje
18,81%,
dok izvozaccess
poljoprivrednih
proizvoda
u ukupnom
izvozu
1. It isuvozu
worthwhile
in its owns right
to improve
to services
to people
who are already
iz BiH sudjeluje s 8,65%. Pokrivenost uvoza izvozom poljoprivrednih proizvoda je u posmatranom
marginalized.
It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
razdoblju
iznosila 23,97%.
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Prema
podacima
koji sumarginalize
dostupni u Analizi
vanjskotrgovinske razmjene Bosne i Hercegovine
area
is likely
to further
these groups.
za 2011. godinu, koju je uradilo MVTEO, povrine zasijane itaricama su iznosile 303.000 ha, krmnim
Improving
access to78.000
services,
and private,
to such
significant
proportion
of the
biljem 2.
138.000
ha, povrem
ha public
i industrijskim
biljem
8.000a ha.
Ostvarena
proizvodnja
u
population
opens
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and
can
help
public
services
fulfil
2011. godini je iznosila 1.077.387 t itarica, 771.999 krmnog bilja, 676.109 t povra, te 10.113 t
industrijskih
kultura.
their remit
in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

32

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; it zemljini
can reduceposjedi,
the costslaba
of web
service development,
enhance the
Mali
i fragmentirani
tehnika
opremljenost and
poljoprivrednih
gazdinstava,
zastarjele
tehnologije
proizvodnje,
niska
upotreba
inputa,
simbolino
koritenje
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
sistema za navodnjavanje, te jo uvijek dominantna prisutnost ekstenzivnog i naturalnog naina
4. The
earlier
is faktora
taken, the
is skromnu
to integrate
e-Accessibility
into development
proizvodnje,
samo
su action
neki od
kojieasier
utiu itna
ukupnu
poljoprivrednu
proizvodnju.of
Dodatno,e-Services
ostvareni and
niskitoprosjeni
lower theprinosi
cost. kultura poskupljuju proizvod i ine ga nekonkurentnim
na inozemnom, ali i domaem tritu. Izdvajanja za podrku poljoprivrednom sektoru u BiH nisu
5. Pursuing
approaches
follow EU guidelines
and
recommendations
will assist
the
bila dovoljna
i iznosila
su 26 KM that
po stanovniku,
44 KM po ha
poljoprivrednog
zemljita,
61 KMinpo
of the development
of the Information
Society
the EU
convergence
of different
ha ekvivalentno
obradivoj
povrini.aspects
Iako budetska
podrka namijenjena
ovom sektoru
imainuzlazni
trend u zadnjih
nekoliko
godina,
treba
u
harmonizirati
i
pribliiti
mjerama
slinim
u
EU.
and SEE countries.

1.2.
this report
1.5.5. About
umarstvo
Bosna
i Hercegovina
ima
The specific
goals
of this report
are:posebno bogatu bioloku raznolikost zbog svoje lokacije u
tri razliite geoloke i klimatske regije: mediteranska regija, eurosibirsko-amerika regija i
alpsko-nordijska regija. BiH je jedna od zemalja u Evropi s najveom raznolikou vrsta biljaka
1. to
outline
thei international
context
including
existingi oko
legal
i ivotinja.
Floru
Bosne
Hercegovine ini
oko regarding
4.500 viihe-Accessibility
biljaka, 600 taksona
mahovina
instruments
and2011).
strategic
level documents;
80 papratnjaa
(Bruji
Trenutno
se nalazi oko 250 vrsta umskog drvea i grmlja. U
umama ivi preko 200 vrsta faune. ak se 30% od ukupne endemske flore Balkana (1.800
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
vrsta) nalazi u flori Bosne i Hercegovine. Popisi faune ukazuju da je ivotinjsko carstvo bogato
with disabilities;
i raznovrsno,
posebno u poreenju s drugim dravama na Balkanu i u Evropi, ali ova bogata
bioloka3.raznolikost
je ugroena.
Bitno
je da se napomene
da je samo okostakeholders;
1% teritorije BiH pod
to assess the
current level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
zatienim podrujem, (tri nacionalna parka i dva parka prirode), to je poraavajua injenica
4. to
goodbiodiverzitetom
practices in thei region;
s obzirom
naidentify
bogatstvo
potencijale prirodnih resursa. S obzirom na podruje
to develop
a set geolokih
of recommendations
for government
andjeother
on how to:
drave i 5.
broj
registriranih
rariteta, Bosna
i Hercegovina
jednastakeholders
od drava s najveom
raznolikou
uaddress
Evropi i the
svijetu.
obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
ume i umsko zemljite zauzimaju povrinu od oko 27.000 km2 ili oko 53% teritorije
BiH: oko 23.000 km2 od toga su ume i oko 4.000 km2 umsko zemljite. Godinji porast uma je
relativno nizak zbog toga to tzv. ekonomske ume (ume kojima se moe upravljati na privrednoj
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
osnovi) pokrivaju samo 13.000 km2 (otprilike 25% teritorije BiH) i ak i one imaju nizak nivo rezervi
that
is (toliko
being implemented
in the216
context
of sthe
e-SEE Initiative.
It is a regional
project
grae
je nizak da iznosi
m3/ha
postepenim
poveanjem
grae skoro
5,5designed
m3/ha odby
2
the
UNDP
Country Office
in Bosnia
andoko
Herzegovina,
supported17%)
by DG/BDP
and fundeduma,
by the
polovice
potencijala
stanita).
Postoji
9.000 km (otprilike
niskih i NY,
degradiranih
3
s veomaDemocratic
niskim postepenim
poveanjem
1 mto/ha)
i bez the
ekonomske
vrijednosti
s take
UNDPs
Governance
Thematic(otprilike
Trust Fund
support
South Eastern
Europe
region
3
gledita
proizvodnje
drvne
grae.
Na
osnovu
ovog
porasta,
oko
7miliona
m
/god
se
sjeklo
u
BiH
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+,
the
prije rata i ovaj potencijal bi trebao biti osnova za strateki razvoj drvno-preraivake industrije.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Zbog aktivnosti kao to su nelegalna sjea uma, iskopavanje ruda, umski poari i ostalo,
is being
implemented
the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
oblasti The
pod project
umskim
pokrivaem
se brzo by
smanjuju,
tovie, znaajan
dio umskog
pokrivaa
je proglaen capitalizing
miniranim (brojevi
ukazuju
na knowledge,
otprilike 10%)
i pretrpioand
je vidnu
tetu zbog
ratnih
Secretariat,
on their
existing
networks
resources.
Empowering
aktivnosti.
Pored
toga,
postoji
opseno
pitanje
nerijeenih
imovinskih
sporova
i
nezakonitog
stjecanja
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
zemljita, koji su u fazi ekanja rjeenja zbog sloenih pravnih mehanizama i administracije.
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with theOko
fellow
UNDP
in the
region,
while the
of Senior
ICT Advisoru at
the BDP
50%
umaCountry
kojimaOffices
upravljaju
javne
institucije
imaOffice
certifikat
za upravljanje
skladu
s
FSC
standardima,
a nekeexpertise
su otileand
i korak
daljeando
ISO certifikata,
kako bi moderniziralemembers
svoj rad iof
in
New
York is providing
playing
advisory
role. Government-appointed
pokazale
posveenost
odrivom
upravljanju
umama.
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
Pravni i institucionalni okvir koji pokriva umarstvo je strukturiran preko dva entiteta.

33

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Ukupna proizvodnja umskih sortimenata u Bosni i Hercegovini u 2011. manja je za 3,17%


u odnosu na 2010. godinu (BHAS). Proizvodnja sortimenata etinarskih vrsta drvea biljei mali
porast od 0,16%, dok proizvodnja sortimenata liarskih vrsta u isto vrijeme biljei znaajniji pad
od 5,74%. Najvee poveanje proizvodnje je u kategoriji tehnikog drveta etinara i to: rudnikog
drveta za 16,20% i ostalog dugog drveta za 11,96%. Proizvodnja sortimenata liara biljei pad
u svim kategorijama, a najvei je u proizvodnji prostornog drveta, za 19,35%. Prodaja je ukupno
gledano manja za 4,27% u poreenju sa 2010. godinom, dok prosjene zalihe iznose 351844 m
sortimenata i manje su za 14,21% nego u 2010. godini.
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
Grafikon 4. Proizvodnja umskih sortimenata u 1000 m u 2010. i 2011. godini (BHAS)
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright
exemptions),
and proizvedenog
the Telecoms Framework
assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
Procijenjena
koliina
komunalnog(for
otpada
za 2010.
godinu iznosi
1.521.877
istona,
alsoodnosno
covered396
by kg
policy,
and guidelines
and
benchmarking
exist na
fordan.
programmatic
support.
po stanovniku
godinje,
ili 1.08
kg po stanovniku
U 2010. godini
javnim
odvozom je prikupljeno
1.499.023
tona komunalnog
otpada,
tomore
je za legislation.
10% vie u odnosu na 2009.
Furthermore,
moves are afoot
to strengthen
these and
to enact
godinu. Procenat stanovnika koji su ukljueni u odvoz komunalnog otpada iznosi prosjeno 68%.
Ostatak populacije, koja ne koristi komunalne usluge, naseljava najveim dijelom ruralna podruja.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
U ukupnoj koliini prikupljenog otpada, mijeani komunalni otpad sudjeluje s 92,4%, odvojeno
prikupljeni komunalni otpad 6,0%, otpad iz vrtova i parkova 1,1% i ambalani otpad s 0,4%.
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Na odlagalitaItotpada
je u 2010.
godini odloeno
1.516.423 tona
otpada,
to je za
6,6%than
vie
marginalized.
helps fulfil
the promise
of the Information
Society
to reduce
rather
u odnosu
na 2009.
Podaci ocertain
tokovima
otpada koji
je Conversely,
dopremljen na
odlagalita
potvruju
increase
the godinu.
disadvantages
populations
face.
insufficient
effort
in this
potpuno oslanjanje na trajno odlaganje komunalnog otpada na odlagalita.
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

1.5.6. Upravljanje otpadom

razvojnom
strategijom
lokacija zaproportion
sanitarno of
odla
2.Srednjoronom
Improving access
to services,
public se
andpredvia
private,uvoenje
to such a16significant
the
ganje vrstog
otpada:
10
u
FBiH
i
6
u
RS.
Posebno
vano
je
to
jo
uvijek
nema
postrojenja
za
tretman
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
medicinskog i drugog opasnog otpada, dok su rezultati recikliranja industrijskog i komunalnog
remit
in a costZbog
effective
otpadatheir
i dalje
ogranieni.
togamanner.
su poboljanje tretmana industrijskog i medicinskog otpada,
zbrinjavanje
komunalnog
otpada
i
recikliranje
izazovi za koje
se tek
naziru
napretka.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized
could
also
lead znaci
to improved
access for
2

34

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
1.5.7.able-bodied
Upravljanje
vodnim resursima
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Teritorija BiH pokriva dva glavna rijena sliva: sliv rijeke Save (38.719 km ili 75.7% ukupne povri
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
ne) i sliv Jadranskog mora (12.410 km ili 24.3% ukupne povrine). Prosjeno godinje otjecanje iz sliva
e-Services
toililower
the
cost.
rijeke Save
iznosi 722and
m3/s
62.5%,
dok
otjecanje iz sliva Jadranskog mora iznosi 433 m3/s ili 37,5%.

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
Bosna i Hercegovina posjeduje znatne vodne resurse i u budunosti voda bi mogla postati
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
jedan od osnova opeg ekonomskog razvoja u mnogim oblastima. Nepovoljna prostorna i vremenska
and otjecanja
SEE countries.
distribucija
vode zahtijeva izgradnju pogona za upravljanje vodama znatne veliine i
sloenosti, kako bi se omoguila racionalna eksploatacija voda, zatita kvaliteta i kvantiteta voda, i
zatita od tetnih efekata voda.

1.2. About this report

Stanje postrojenja za kontrolu poplava je veoma loe, kao rezultat ratne tete, mnogih
godina bez odravanja i minskih polja koja se nalaze pored nekih objekata. Ovo se posebno odnosi
The specific goals of this report are:
na gradove du rijeke Save. Posljedice poplava su rezultat izuzetno visokih voda u ovoj oblasti, koje
bi, ako se pojave, bile nemjerljive.
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic
Trustdva
Fund
tousupport
the South Eastern Europe region
Slika 3. Karta
sliva
BiH
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
januaru
2008.
u u FBiH
su osnovane
dvije agencije
za vode: "Agencija
za vodno
regionalUaction
plan
for godine
Information
Society
development,
and the UNCRPD.
The programmatic
podruje
rijeke
Save"
i
"Agencija
za
vodno
podruje
Jadranskog
mora".
U
januaru
2013.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+. godine u
RS je, umjesto agencija za vode oblasnog rijenog sliva Save i Trebinjice formirana Javna ustanova
"Vode Srpske, nadlena za upravljanje vodama u RS.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat,
capitalizing
their existing
knowledge,
networks
and resources.
Empowering
U 2011.
godini bilo on
je 329.954.000
m3 ukupno
zahvaenih
i preuzetih
koliina vode
to je za
Marginalised
Groupsnain2010.
e-Governance
the e-SEE
Secretariat
positioned
within
Social
3% manje u odnosu
godinu. Odand
ukupne
zahvaene
koliineare
vode
iz podzemnih
je the
izvorita
zahvaeno 45,9%, iz izvora
36,8%, iz
vodotoka
akumulacija
iz jezera
1,3%. U closely
2011.
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
The15,1%,
UNDP izCountry
Office 0,8%,
in Sarajevo
is working
3
godini
koliina
ukupno
isporuene
vode
iz
javnog
vodovoda
je
iznosila
150.834.000
m
to
jeBDP
za
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the
8,4% manje u odnosu na prethodnu godinu. U strukturi potronje vode najvei su potroa bila
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
domainstva, koja su utroila 76,3% ukupno isporuene vode iz javnog vodovoda.
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.ispusti otpadnih voda, pristup pitkoj vodi i upravljanje poplavama i dalje su
Nepreraeni
kljuna pitanja.
35

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1.5.8. Zdravstvo
Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH) je zemlja lanica Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije (SZO), koja
je prihvatila revidirane Meunarodne zdravstvene propise [IHR (2005)], koji su stupili na snagu 15.
juna 2007. [IHR (2005) lan 59]. Organizacija, financiranje i pruanje zdravstvene zatite su u nadlenosti entiteta i Brko distrikta, a reguliraju ih Federalno ministarstvo zdravstva, Ministarstvo
zdravlja i socijalne zatite Republike Srpske i Odjel za zdravstvo i ostale usluge Brko distrikta. Na
dravnom
Ministarstvo
civilnih of
poslova,
kao odgovorno
ministarstvoand
u Vijeu
This
sectionnivou
presents
an overview
the UNCRPD,
its significance
main ministara
sections,BiH,
the
ima
mandat
da
obavlja
poslove
i
izvrava
zadatke
koji
su
u
nadlenosti
Bosne
i
Hercegovine
i
koji
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
se odnose na utvrivanje osnovnih naela koordiniranja aktivnosti, usklaivanja planova entitetskih
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
tijela vlasti i definiranje strategije na meunarodnom planu u oblasti zdravstva i socijalne zatite
disability
general and e-Accessibility
in particular.
(Zakon oinministarstvima
i ostalim organima
uprave BiH, 2003, lan 15). Posmatrano s distance od

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

dvije godine u odnosu na prethodni izvjetaj uoava se da su ukupni tekui trokovi na zdravstvo u
BiH iznosili 10,3% BDP-a, to je iznad EU27 prosjeka od 9,2% BDP-a i da su vii za gotovo 3,0% u
odnosu na podatak iznesen u prvom izvjetaju (7,6% BDP). Meutim, ako se posmatraju po glavi stanovnika, onda su ovi trokovi sedam puta manji nego u Sloveniji, odnosno tri puta manji nego
e-Accessibility
u Hrvatskoj3. is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society. Potronja domainstava na usluge zdravstvene zatite, tzv. trokovi van-depa (out-ofpocket expenditure) ine znaajnu stavku potronje na zdravstvene usluge. U 2008. ovi trokovi su
iznosili 42% ukupnih trokova i bili su znatno vii nego u zemljama lanicama EU, 9,6% Slovenija;
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
13,1% Njemaka, 22,3% Portugal.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.I dalje
Up tose
15upercent
of the population
across
the European
a disability,
such as a
Bosni i Hercegovini
kao vodei
uzrok
smrtnostiUnion
biljeehas
oboljenja
cirkulacijskog
sistema
s
ueem
od
50,92%,
u
RS
i
53,4%
u
FBiH,
te
neoplazme
s
ueem
od
20,48%
u RS ai
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have
20,0%
u
FBiH
u
2009.
godini,
tako
da
su
skoro
tri
etvrtine
svih
uzroka
smrti
iz
ove
dvije
grupe.
similar or higher proportion.
Meu pet vodeih uzroka smrti stanovnitva Federacije BiH svrstavaju se i oboljenja respiratornog
sistema (3,4%), dok su u RS ona na estom mjestu (7,8%). Sve navedeno je povezano s visokom
A perhaps
surprising
of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
prevalencom
faktora
rizika,number
te porastom
uea hroninih
bolesti
u obolijevanju
stanovnitva.
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
Kaolegal
i direktni
tako
indirektni
utjecaji klimatskih
na ljudskobutzdravlje
the relevant
context.
Noi single
EU directive
is dedicatedpromjena
to e-Accessibility,
actionsnisu
are
kontinuirano praeni u BiH. Iako odreeni izvjetaji sistematizirano govore o klimatskim
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
promjenama u BiH, jo uvijek nema uspostavljenog sistema praenja uestalosti javljanja
(for
copyrightobo
exemptions),
and the
Telecoms
assistive
odreenih
ljenja na nekom
podruju
kojaFramework
bi se mogla (for
dovesti
u vezutechnologies).
s promjenamae-Accessibility
pojedinanih
isklimatskih
also covered
by policy,
and guidelines
and benchmarking
exist Na
for osnovu
programmatic
parametara
i posljedino
nastanka
prirodnih nepogoda.
podatakasupport.
koji su
prikupljeni
na
dravnom
nivou
nije
razvijena
jasna
metodologija
za
odgovor
na
krizna
stanja
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
prouzrokovana klimatskim promjenama i preventivne mjere koje je neophodno provoditi s ciljem
spreavanja nastanka kriznih situacija, kao i mjere kako ublaiti posljedice prouzrokovane
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
klimatskim promjenama (smanjeni prinosi hrane zbog sue ili poplava; nestaica zdravstveno
sigurne vode za pie...). U praksi u BiH jo uvijek nije uspostavljen jasan model protoka informacija
It is worthwhile
its own
to improve access
to services
to people
who are
already
izmeu1.razliitih
sektora,invrlo
estoright
se nadlenosti
isprepliu
i nije jasno
ko je kome
odgovoran
i ko odmarginalized.
koga preuzima
podatke,
po
kojoj
metodologiji
i
na
koji
nain
vri
njihovo
dostavljanje.
It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Premaincrease
tome ne raspolaemo
adekvatnim
stanjuConversely,
okolia, faktorima
rizika
iz okolia
the disadvantages
certainizvjetajima
populationso face.
insufficient
effort
in thisi
njihovom utjecaju na klimatske promjene i zdravlje ljudi, iako je taj dio zakonski dobro reguliran u
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
pogledu izvjetavanja i usklaen sa zahtjevima OSTATA. Prema tome, moemo rei da je jo uvijek
prisutna
visoka ranjivost
ljudi.
2. Improving
access
to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

3. Improving e-Accessibility
for
the marginalized
also lead
3 EuropeAid/120971/C/SV/,
Izvjetaj Jaanje
zdravstvenih
sistema BiHcould
za integraciju
u EU to
2

36

improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
1.5.9.able-bodied
Obrazovanje
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
U Bosni i Hercegovini je poetkom kolske 2010/2011. godine bilo 487,389 uenika (izvor
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
BHAS). U razrede 1.849 osnovnih kola upisano je 335.665 uenika, to je u odnosu na prethodnu
andzai
to lower
kolsku e-Services
godinu manje
4,15%,the
dokcost.
309 srednjih kola pohaa 151.724 uenika, to je u vie za
3,3% odnosu
na
prethodnu
kolsku
godinu.
sedam javnih
univerziteta sa 95 kola,
te brojni
5. Pursuing approaches that followPostoji
EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist
in the
privatni univerziteti s oko 105.000 redovnih studenata.
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.
Obrazovanje
u BiH je pokriveno zakonodavstvom na razliitim nivoima u FBiH i RS. U RS su

svi nivoi obrazovanja pokriveni zakonodavstvom na entitetskom nivou. Postoje posebni zakoni za svaki
od gore navedena etiri nivoa obrazovanja. U FBiH obrazovanje se regulira na kantonalnom nivou.
Svaki od deset kantona ima svoj zakon o predkolskom, osnovnom i srednjokolskom obrazovanju,
a kantoni koji imaju univerzitete takoer imaju zakone o visokom obrazovanju. Distrikt Brko, kao
posebna organizaciona jedinica u BiH, ima svoj zakon, koji pokriva svaki od etiri nivoa obrazovanja.
The specific goals of this report are:
Samim tim, postoji vie od trideset zakona na razliitim nivoima koji reguliraju ovu oblast.

1.2. About this report

1. to outlineu the
international
context regarding
e-Accessibility
including
existing
legal
Nadlenost
oblasti
visokog obrazovanja
i nauke je
na nivou entiteta
Republike
Srpske
i Federacije
BiH, a u
Federaciji
nivou kantona. Ministarstvo civilnih poslova BiH ima
instruments
and
strategicBiH
levelna
documents;
koordinirajuu ulogu na nivou zemlje, tj. koordinira aktivnosti nadlenih entitetskih organa vlasti
2. to develop
comparative picture
of e-Accessibility
able-bodied
versus
people
u ovoj oblasti
i obavljaa meunarodnu
suradnju.
Kroz svoja dvafor
sektora,
Sektorpeople
za nauku
i kulturu,
with za
disabilities;
kao i Sektor
obrazovanje, ovo ministarstvo obavlja djelatnosti u pogledu koordiniranja i praenja
primjene meunarodnih sporazuma i stratekih dokumenata u oblasti obrazovanja i nauke, uea
3. to assess the
current level
of e-Accessibility
e-Accessibility
u radu meunarodnih
organizacija
u oblasti
obrazovanjaand
i nauke,
uee u stakeholders;
programima Evropske
4. toCOST,
identify
good
practices
in thei region;
unije (FP7,
EKA,
Erasmus
Mundus
dr.) te praenje procesa evropskih integracija.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
U
Srpskoj
visoko obrazovanje
i sektor nauke regulirali su na nivou entiteta
- Republici
address
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
Ministarstvo prosvjete i kulture RS i Ministarstva nauke i tehnologije RS. Ministarstvo nauke i tehno
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
logije RS se bavi pitanjima nauke i tehnologije u okviru RS-a i aktivno sudjeluje u distribuiranju
informacija u vezi s istraivakim fondovima (kao to je FP7) u oblasti nauke i tehnologije. Centar
za upravljanje projektima je dio Ministarstva, a njegov osnovni cilj je podstaknuti istraivake akti
report
is part of a larger
project,
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
vnosti i This
uee
RS univerziteta
i privatnih
firmiEmpowering
u istraivakim
programima
(EU i domaim).
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
U Federaciji
Bosne
i Hercegovine
javne univerzitete
osnivaju
kantoni,
the UNDP
Country Office
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP
NY, dok
and Ministarstvo
funded by the
prosvjete i nauke Federacije BiH obavlja administrativne, strune i druge poslove na nivou entiteta,
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
ukljuujui zatitu autorskih prava i prava intelektualnog vlasnitva, kao i koordinaciju naunih
in
the implementation
of the
Inclusive Information
Priorityreguliraju
Area of the
e-SEE obrazovanja
Agenda+, the
i istraivakih
aktivnosti.
Kantonalna
ministarstvaSociety
u Federaciji
politiku
regional
action
for Information
Society
and thepolitiku
UNCRPD.
The programmatic
i nauke za
svojeplan
kantone.
Kantonalne
vlade, development,
takoer, nadgledaju
sistema
obrazovanja,
financija iof
nadgledaju
i privatne fully
institucije
visokog
obrazovanja.
priorities
the projectjavne
are therefore
aligned
with the
targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Brko
distrikt,
posebna
administrativna
jedinica, takoerUNDP-funded
ima ovlatenjee-SEE
za obrazovnu
The
project
is kao
being
implemented
by the Sarajevo-based
Initiative
iSecretariat,
naunu politiku.
capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised
in e-Governance
and
the
e-SEE Secretariat
positioned
withinvlasnitva
the Social
InstitutGroups
za intelektualno
vlasnitvo
BiH
je nadlean
za oblasti are
prava
intelektualnog
Inclusion/Democratic
u Bosni i Hercegovini. Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Izvjestan
napredak
tokom and
proteklih
je napravljen
u oblasti politike istraivanja
in New York
is providing
expertise
playinggodina
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
members iof
inovacija. Uee u Sedmom okvirnom programu EU (FP7) se neto povealo. Zapoela je suradnja
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
s programima COST i EKA. Ministarstvo civilnih poslova je osiguralo financijsku pomo za lica
respective
countries.
koja pripremaju
projekte za FP7, COST i EKA. Meutim, administrativni i istraivaki kapaciteti
su suvie slabi da bi se u potpunosti iskoristile prednosti pridruivanja FP7 i sredstva koja aktivno

37

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

stimuliraju naunu zajednicu. Uee i stopa uspjeha u aktivnostima po programu Marie Curie je
slaba, kao i ukljuivanje privatnog sektora.
Neki napori napravljeni su na integraciji u Evropski istraivaki prostor (European
Research Area ERA) kao i doprinos Inovacijskoj uniji (Innovation Union IU). Drava se pridruila
EURAXESS mrei u cilju mobilnosti istraivaa. Krovna organizacija i koordinacija nacionalne
EURAXESS mree uspostavljena je na Univerzitetu u Banjoj Luci. Finansiranje se neznatno povealo
uglavnom za istraivae, a modernizacija infrastrukture, oprema i publikacije osobito ulaskom u
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
COBISS biblioteko-informacioni sistem. Republika Srpska i drugi subjekti su poveali ulaganja u
requirements
sets inMeutim,
all aspects
of e-Accessibility
how it is tojebei dalje
implemented.
is followed
istraivanja i itrazvoj.
sveukupno,
ulaganjeand
u istraivanje
na niskomThis
nivou,
osobito
byu aprivatnom
description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
sektoru. Kao i entiteti, i kantoni financiraju svoje zakone preko svojih budeta, pa to
je
teko unaprijediti
za istraivanje
i izbjei fragmentaciju, to je jedan od glavnih ciljeva
disability
in general regulative
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
ERA-e. Nedostaje precizna statistika o nauci i tehnologiji.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Sve u svemu, usklaivanje s evropskim standardima iz oblasti obrazovanja i kulture je


1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?
jo uvijek u poetnoj fazi. Strategije i okvirni zakoni treba implementirati. Strukture agencija za

obrazovanje i isosiguranje
kvaliteta the
na dravnom
nivou moraju
biti operativne.
Uee
drave
u
e-Accessibility
about overcoming
range of barriers
that people
with disabilities
and
others
Kulturnom
doprinosi
provoenju
pravnihtotekovina
EU.on
U equal
oblastiterms
istraivanja
i inovacija,
such
as olderprogramu
populations
experience
when seeking
participate
in the Information
pripreme za budue integracije u ERA i Inovacijsku uniju su zapoele ali ozbiljni napori moraju tek
Society.
biti uinjeni, kao i potreba za paljivim praenjem.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.

1.6. Izazovi dugoronog razvoja - Milenijski


razvojni ciljevi MRC

Ujedinjen nacije su 2005. godine postavile Milenijumske razvojne ciljeve (MRC) koje su
usvojile
sve drave
lanice. MRC
definiu
niz ciljeva agreements,
u osam oblasti
koji se trebaju
dostii do 2015.
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
regulations
and guidelines
cover
godine
i
predstavljaju
vodi
za
budui
razvoj.Budunost
Bosne
i
Hercegovine
je
u
njenoj
punoj
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
integraciji u glavne evropske strukture, a to direktno podrazumijeva tijesnu suradnju a zatim i
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
lanstvo u EU. Evropske integracije zahtijevaju niz promjena u sferi mjera politike i zakonodavstva
spread
across
areasssuch
as Television
Withouti Frontiers
subtitling),
thepod
Copyright
koje su
povezane
usvajanjem
sporazuma
konvencija(for
Unije,
poznatih
nazivomDirective
Acquis
(for
copyright exemptions),
the Telecoms
Framework
(for
e-Accessibility
Communautaire.
Radi se oand
ogromnom
korpusu
zakona i bit
eassistive
potrebnotechnologies).
mnogo rada na
usklaivanju
odredbi
tehnikih
u BiH
sadanjom praksom
EU.programmatic
Miljenje UNDP-a
je da
iszakonskih
also covered
by ipolicy,
andstandarda
guidelines
andsabenchmarking
exist for
support.
put u Evropumoves
treba biti
vie
od sterilnog
tehnikog
procesa:
to legislation.
treba biti proces u kojem e
Furthermore,
areneto
afoot to
strengthen
these
and to enact
more
graani BiH doi u poziciju da dobiju ista prava i obaveze kao i ostali Evropljani. Osim toga, reforme
u procesu pristupanja EU, i to osobito reforme u ekonomskoj sferi, bit e vjerovatno teko postii
There
is at leastimati
a five-fold
justification
early action
in the Milenijski
area of e-Accessibility:
i one e
potencijalno
znaajne
negativnefor
socijalne
posljedice.
razvojni ciljevi stoga
imaju dvije uloge: prva ponuditi iru perspektivu prema kojoj e se mjeriti reforme, pri emu e
se u obzir
socijalni
aspekti
i aspekti
zatite access
okolia;toteservices
druga ponuditi
instrument
uz iju
1. It uzimati
is worthwhile
in its
own right
to improve
to people
who are already
pomomarginalized.
graani moguItbiti
ukljueni
a njihova
podrka
helps
fulfil the
promise
of thesauvana.
Information Society to reduce rather than
increase
thecjelovit
disadvantages
populations
face. Conversely,
effort
this
MRC nude
okvir za certain
usmjeravanje
dugoronog
razvoja BiHinsufficient
i njenog puta
kaintome
area is
likely to further
marginalize
thesedemokratska
groups.
da postane
prosperitetna
i suverena
evropska
zemlja. Izvjetaj o realizaciji MRC-a
krenuo je od prethodnog Nacionalnog izvjetaja o humanom razvoju/MRC s ciljem poboljanja
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
i daljeg prilagoavanja okviru za monitoring i evaluaciju. Ali, iako je mnogo toga postignuto,
population
opensosignificant
opportunities,
andtaku
can help
services
fulfil
evidentno
je da izvjetaj
realizaciji market/sales
MRC predstavlja
samo polaznu
a ne public
i zavretak
procesa.
their remit
a cost effective
manner.
Ostvarivanje
MRCinzahtijevat
e znaajne
promjene u sferi mjera politike i ulaganje resursa, te
imajui ovo u vidu naglaavamo sljedee, trenutno prisutne izazove na koje treba odgovoriti:
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

38

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodiedi obrazovanje
people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Zdravstvo
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Uinak BiH ve zadovoljava minimalne evropske standarde u oblasti zdravstva i obrazovanja.
The earlier
action
the easier
it is to integrate
into development
Pa ipak,4.stope
upisa koje
suisutaken,
opadanju
i pogoranje
u pogledue-Accessibility
dostupnosti zdravstvene
zatiteof
e-Services
anduzeti
to lower
cost.quo zdravo za gotovo, i bez ponovnog poklanjanja panje
govore da
ne moemo
ovajthe
status
ovim pitanjima silazni trend i dispariteti u pruanju usluga bit e sve vidljiviji. Zemlja odmah mora
5. Pursuing
that followizgledima
EU guidelines
and recommendations
will
assist in the
proaktivno
poraditi naapproaches
krhkim ekonomskim
i nedovoljnim
javnim prihodima
provoenjem
convergence
different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
sveobuhvatne
razvojneofstrategije.
and SEE countries.

Centralni znaaj dobre uprave za ostvarivanje MRC

uprava predstavlja
za drutveni i ekonomski napredak. U BiH su dovedena u
1.2.Dobra
About
this preduvjet
report

pitanje sva obiljeja dobre uprave: odgovornost, transparentnost, uee graana, profesionalizam
i efikasnost. Naprimjer, previsok i hendikepirajui nivo trokova javne uprave je pogorao krizu u
The
specific
goals
of this
report are:
javnom
sektoru
u BiH.
Kanjenja
u provoenju reformi dovest e do stagnacije, te do nepostizanja
napretka u pravcu ostvarivanja MRC. Osim toga, dobra uprava se ne moe postii bez zatite i
promocije
prava.
BiH kontekstu
treba regarding
podstaknutie-Accessibility
davanje ovlatenja
lokalnim
vladama,
1. ljudskih
to outline
the U
international
context
including
existing
legal
osobito instruments
opnskim vlastima,
poto level
je to documents;
nivo vlasti koji je najblii graanima i stoga u stanju da
and strategic
zagovara, a i ostvari, razvoj zasnovan na pravima.
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities; aranmani za monitoring MRC
Institucionalni
3. to assess svakog
the current
level of e-Accessibility
andusklaenu
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
Ostvarivanje
pojedinanog
MRC-a zahtijeva
podrku
u razvoju razliitih
4. to
good practices
in the region;
institucija
naidentify
nivou zemlje.
Od specifinog
je znaaja jaanje i koordinacija statistikih institucija
u zemlji 5.
s ciljem
uspostave
i koherentnog
sistema zaand
prikupljanje
podataka. Jo
jedan
to develop
a set ofpouzdanog
recommendations
for government
other stakeholders
on how
to:
prioritet-predstavlja
provoenje
sveobuhvatnog
popisa
stanovnitva
u
zemlji
u
aprilu
2013.
godine.
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Ove inicijative vezane za izgradnju institucija su od sutinskog znaaja za osiguranje uspjenosti
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
procesa monitoringa i evaluacije za MRC.

Uee graana i civilnog drutva kao pokretaka snaga

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being
implemented
in the
of the
e-SEE pomo
Initiative.
It is a regional
designed
Kao to
je podvueno
u context
Okviru za
razvojnu
Ujedinjenih
nacijaproject
(United
Nationsby
Development
Assistance
Framework
- Herzegovina,
UNDAF), aktivne
organizacije
civilnog
i graani
the
UNDP Country
Office in
Bosnia and
supported
by DG/BDP
NY,drutva
and funded
by the
su
od
vitalnog
znaaja
za
efikasan
monitoring
i
ostvarivanje
MRC.
Vano
je
uspostaviti
veze,
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
osobito s onim organizacijama civilnog drutva koje se bave odreenim MRC-ovima. Da bi takva
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
opredijeljenost predstavljala neto vie od puke geste, potrebno je uloiti napore na informiranju i
regional
plan politike
for Information
Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
edukaciji action
o mjerama
u vezi s MRC.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

Postizanje komplementarnosti s procesom pristupanja EU

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Kao to
je reeno na
izvjetaja
o statusu MRC
u BiH, and
UNDP
u Bosni i Hercegovini
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on poetku
their existing
knowledge,
networks
resources.
Empowering
na
MRC
proces
u
zemlji
ne
gleda
kao
na
puku
aktivnost
izvjetavanja
i
lobiranja,
nego
kao
na
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the
Social
praktini instrument koji graanima omoguava ostvariti svoje pune potencijale i za sebe osigurati
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
isti prosperitet i prava koja uivaju i ostali Evropljani. Iako je jasno da Sporazum o stabilizaciji
with
the fellow UNDP
Country
Offices
in theu region,
the Office
of Senior
Advisor
the BDP
i pridruivanju
predstavlja
kljuan
korak
pravcu while
ispunjavanja
kriterija
za ICT
proces
kojiatprethodi
in
New York
is providing
andprilino
playingusko
an advisory
Government-appointed
members of
lanstvu
u EU,
miljenje expertise
je da on ima
teite role.
koje poiva
na tehnikim i ekonomskim
pitanjima.
MRC
nude dopunu
tome jer,
uvode socijalnu
i razvojnu
sferu pribliavanja
Evropi,forime
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)
act as government
Focal Points
their
pruaju
instrument
za
snaenje
podrke
graana
i
opredijeljenosti
vlasti
za
pristupanje
EU.
respective countries.

39

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1.
NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
2. Proraun
emisije
staklenikih plinova

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

2.1. Metodologija

Kao i za izradu Prvog nacionalnog izvjetaja za UNFCCC, i u ovom Drugom nacionalnom


1.1.
Why
izvjetaju
proraune-Accessibility?
emisije staklenikih plinova je jedan od osnovnih koraka u sistematskom

razmatranju i is
rjeavanju
problema povezanih
promjenama.
Steena
znanja,
pozitivna
e-Accessibility
about overcoming
the rangesofklimatskim
barriers that
people with
disabilities
and
others
praksa i prikupljeni podaci, kao i prorauni emisije GHG za Prvi nacionalni izvjetaj za UNFCCC,
such
populations
experience
seeking
participate
on equal
terms
in thenacionalnog
Information
bili as
su older
i dobra
podloga za
procjenu when
emisije
gasovatostaklene
bate
u okviru
Drugog
Society.
izvjetaja za UNFCCC.
U ovom izvjetaju
emisije GHG
zaICT
razdoblje
e-Accessibility
can potentially
refersu
to uraene
any type of
used by 1991-2001.
citizens, andgodine.
involvesNeophodno
everything
je naglasiti da su najdetaljnije analize uraene za 2001. godinu jer je bilo mogue prikupiti vie
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
podataka nego za 2000. godinu. Za razliku od prethodnih, za 2001. godinu na raspolaganju su bili i
television.
to 15
percent of the
population
across
theuraditi
European
Union has
a disability,
such
as a
odreeni Up
podaci
o energetkom
bilansu
i mogue
je bilo
"referentni
pristup.
Obavezne
tabele
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive, u
orCRF
motor
impairment,
and
countries
can expect
to have
za ostale
godine
su pripremljene
(u excell
formatu)
naSEE
osnovu
raspoloivih
podataka
za tea
godine.Imajui
vidu injenicu da je u BiH u razdoblju 1992-1996. godine bio rat, ulazni podaci za
similar
or higheruproportion.
to razdoblje imaju vei stepen nesigurnosti, kao i podaci za 1997. i 1998. godinu, jer i za te godine
institucionalno prikupljanje podataka nije obezbjeivalo podatke za dobar proraun emisija GHG.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area.Za
At potrebe
the highest
international
level,
the UNCRPD,
ratified
and coming
into force
in 2008, is
prorauna
emisije
u ovom
izvjetaju
koritene
su paralelno
metodologija
the
relevant legal
context.
No single
EU directive
dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but referentnog
actions are
Meuvladinog
tijela
za klimatske
promjene
(IPCC)is
propisana
Konvencijom,
na osnovu
prirunika
Revidirane
smjernice
IPCC-a
za
nacionalne
inventare
emisija
plina
staklenih
bai iz
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
1996.
godineexemptions),
(Revised IPCC
for Framework
National GHG
i Smjernicee-Accessibility
dobre prakse
(for
copyright
andGuidelines
the Telecoms
(forInventories)
assistive technologies).
i upravljanje nesigurnostima u nacionalnim inventarima emisija plina staklenih bai (Good
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management) i softveri COLLECTER i REPORTER za formiranje
Furthermore,
moves
are afoot
to strengthen
these and
to enact faktora
more legislation.
baze podataka,
uz preteno
koritenje
preporuenih
emisijskih
IPCC-a, osim za energetski
sektor gdje su koriteni i lokalni faktori emisije. Za proraun emisije iz poljoprivrede (Agriculture)
i ponora
CO2is(LUCF)
koritene
sujustification
preporuene
tabele,
uz CRF table, takoer
There
at least
a five-fold
forIPCC
earlyexcel
action
in thekoje
areasu,
of e-Accessibility:
sastavni dio ovog izvjetaja.
1.IPCC
It is worthwhile
in its
own right
to improve access
services tonaelo
peopletransparentnosti,
who are already
metodologija
i pristup
omoguavaju
da se toobezbijedi
marginalized.
It helpsusporedivosti
fulfil the promise
of theprorauna.
Information
Society to reduce
rather
than
potpunosti,
konzistentnosti,
i tanosti
Metodologija
zahtijeva
odreenu
procjenu
nesigurnosti
prorauna i certain
verificiranje
ulaznihface.
podataka
i rezultata,
kako bieffort
se poveali
increase
the disadvantages
populations
Conversely,
insufficient
in this
kvalitet,
tanost
i
unaprijedila
pouzdanost
prorauna.
Takoer,
jedna
od
internih
provjera
prorauna
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
unutar metodologije jest i proraun emisije CO2 zbog izgaranja goriva, na dva razliita naina:
2. Improving
to services,
public
and private,
to such
a significant
proportion
of the
prvi, detaljniji
nain,access
tzv. sektorski
pristup
(Sectoral
Approach),
i drugi,
jednostavniji,
tzv. referentni
nain (Reference
population Approach).
opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
Inventar staklenikih plinova BiH za 1991. do 2001. godine sastavljen je u skladu s prepo
rukama
izradu inventara
- Smjernice
o izvjetavanju
UNFCCC-a
Odluci
3/CP.5access
i 17/CP.8,
3.za
Improving
e-Accessibility
for the
marginalized
could alsoprema
lead to
improved
for
2

40

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can
reduce the
cost iofRevidirane
web service
development,
the
ukljuujui
i zajedniki
format
izvjetavanja
(CRF)
smjernice
IPCC-aand
za enhance
nacionalne
inventare
plina
staklene
bae
iz
1996.
koje
daje
specifikaciju
obaveza
za
izvjetavanje
u
skladu
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
s lanovima 4 i 12 UNFCCC-a (Revidirane smjernice IPCC-a za nacionalni inventar staklenikih
4.1996.
The earlier
action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
plinova iz
godine).
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.
Inventar plinova staklene bae u ovom izvjetaju obuhvata desetogodinji razdoblje 19912001. Kako na nivou Bosne i Hercegovine ne postoji institucija koja bi bila odgovorna za prikupljanja
specifinih podataka o aktivnostima (activity data) neophodnih za procjenu inventara emisije u
skladu s UNFCCC-om za navedeni razdoblje, ove aktivnosti se obavljaju na nivou entiteta.

2.2. Sistem prikupljanja i obrade podataka

1.2. About this report

The specific
goalsizrade
of thisi ovog
report
are:
U sklopu
izvjetaja,
UNDP Bosne i Hercegovine je javnim konkursom izabrao
strunjake iz oba entiteta koji su prikupljali podatke u oblastima definiranim IPCC uputstvima:
energetika,
poljoprivreda,
i ponori,
te zajedniki
uestvovali
u izradi
1. toindustrijski
outline theprocesi,
international
context otpad
regarding
e-Accessibility
including
existing
legal
procjenainstruments
pojedinanih
emisija
po
sektorima.
Ovo
poglavlje
predstavlja
sintezu
pojedinanih
and strategic level documents;
izvjetaja radnih grupa uz koritenje baze podataka o emisijskim faktorima i pisanim informacijama
o sagorijevanju
fosilnih
goriva u BiH.
Intenzivna
suradnja na
podataka
voena
je
2. to develop
a comparative
picture
of e-Accessibility
for prikupljanju
able-bodied people
versus
people
prvenstveno
s
Federalnim
hidrometeorolokim
zavodom
FBiH
i
Republikim
hidrometeorolokim
with disabilities;
zavodom Republike Srpske, iji su strunjaci prikupili dio podataka o sagorijevanju fosilnih
to assess the
currenttelevel
of e-Accessibility
andplina
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
goriva i 3.
industrijskih
procesa,
izvrili
obraun emisije
staklene bae
u skladu s IPCC
metodologijom
u sektorima
energetike,
otpada,
4. to identify
good practices
in the
region;poljoprivrede i ponora.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Iako su i Agencija za statistiku BiH i entitetski zavodi za statistiku u funkciji, za ovo
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
razdoblje imaju samo veoma mali dio podataka potrebnih za procjenu inventara emisija. Velika
- proizvodna
comply with
requirements
for the
UN and EU. vode evidenciju o potronji fosilnih
energetska
postrojenja,
uglavnom
termoelektrane,
goriva. Neke termoelektrane imaju ugraene sisteme za praenje emisija, ali je odravanje
ovih sistema neredovno i ovi se podaci mogu koristiti jedino za verificiranje prorauna emisija.
Elektroprivrede
obaisentiteta
podacima
o potronjiMarginalised
fosilnih goriva
u termoelektranama,
i
This report
part of raspolau
a larger project,
Empowering
Groups
in e-Governance,
ti
podaci
se
smatraju
pouzdanim.
Pored
toga,
vee
energane
i
toplane
u
gradovima
imaju
podatke
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
o aktivnostima. Emisije ili podaci o aktivnostima iz mobilnih izvora mogu se dobiti preko entitetskih
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
zavoda za statistiku: Republikog zavoda za statistiku Republike Srpske i Federalnog zavoda za
UNDPs
Governance
Fund to
support the
South izvora,
Easternkao
Europe
region
statistikuDemocratic
FBiH. Odreivanje
vrstaThematic
i starostiTrust
pojedinih
kategorija
mobilnih
i godinja
in
the implementation
of se
theprocjenjivati
Inclusive Information
Society
Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
potronja
goriva, moraju
i mislimo da
to nijePriority
veliki problem.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Meutim,
problemi
kada
trae ukupne
koliine tenih goripriorities
of the project
are nastaju
therefore
fullysealigned
with thegodinje
targets potroene
of e-SEE Agenda+.
va, bilo na nivou entiteta ili na dravnom nivou. Tu je evidencija vrlo loa, jer su razlike iz prorauna
u odnosu na podatke o potronji za poslijeratn razdoblje neusporedivi. Problem je to se ne eviThe project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
dentiraju u statistikim izvjetajima sva tena goriva, koja se preko graninih prelaza uvoze u BiH.
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
the e-SEE Secretariat
are positioned
within
Social
Problem
su sigurno
i podaci oand
aktivnostima
za industrijske
procese, jer
su tithe
podaci
neadekvatno zastupljeni
u statistikim
publikacijama
zvaninim
informacijama.
U working
poslijeratnom
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
The UNDP iCountry
Office
in Sarajevo is
closely
razdoblju
industrija
Bosne
i
Hercegovine
ima
smanjen
kapacitet
proizvodnje,
to
je
uglavnom
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
posljedica ratom unitenih industrijskih postrojenja, ali i nepokretanja proizvodnje u postojeim,
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
ali zastarjelim tehnolokim postrojenjima.
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.
Slina
je situacija s podacima o aktivnostima za poljoprivredu, promjenama na tlu i
umama nastalim zbog eksploatacije (Land Use Change and Forestry- LUCF) i otpadom. Nema
41

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

jasnog opisa odgovornosti institucija koje su zaduene za prikupljanje podataka. Iako je za svaku
oblast navedeno po nekoliko institucija koje se bave tim pitanjima, nisu jasne odgovornosti svake
institucije pojedinano, kao ni obim podataka koji svaka od njih treba sakupiti. Tu je problem to na
entitetskim nivoima nema jasnih instrukcija za izvjetavanje o podacima o aktivnostima. Strunjaci
Poljoprivrednog fakulteta i Hidrometeorolokog zavoda, koji su bili ukljueni u navedenu radnu
grupu, uradili su proraun emisija i ponora CO2, u skladu s uputstvom IPCC, uz koritenje excel
tabela koje je preporuio IPCC.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
I dalje je aktuelan problem to veina institucija nedovoljno poznaje obaveze koje su u skladu
requirements
it sets
in allprotokolom.
aspects of e-Accessibility
andsehow
it is tobitne
be implemented.
This
followed
s UNFCCC-om
i Kyoto
Na ovom polju
oekuju
promjene, jer
suisdoneseni
byzakoni
a description
the major
instrumentsizrade
and actions
the European
Union level
relating to
ukljuili of
i obaveze
izvjetavanja,
popisa at
i prikupljanja
podataka
o aktivnostima.
Naravno,inkljuno
je koliko se doneseni
zakoni provode na svim nivoima.
disability
generalpitanje
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
Kao kljuni nedostaci u ovoj oblasti identificirani su:
Neusuglaenost izmeu postojeih podataka i podataka koji su potrebni prema IPCC
1.1. Why
e-Accessibility?
metodologiji,

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Nepostojanje podataka,
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society. Nedostatak zakonske regulative u vrsti i obimu podataka koje je potrebno prikupljati,
Nedovoljno znanje iz oblasti obaveza preuzetih sporazumima.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
CORINAIR
i IPCC metodologija,
kaoto
i softver
COPERT,
koriteni
su da
bi se arhivirali
podaci
from websites
for e-government
services,
telephony
support
for blind
people
to subtitling
on
u
digitalnom
obliku.
Viegodinja
iskustva
u
radu,
steena
koritenjem
ove
metodologije
i
softvera,
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
veoma su dragocjena i sigurno e biti od koristi u daljnjem radu na razvoju buduih nacionalnih
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
izvjetaja za UNFCCC.
similar or higher proportion.

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


2.2.1.
Proraun emisijskih faktora
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant
legal context.
Nofaktora
single (EF)
EU directive
e-Accessibility,
but actions
are
Proraun
emisijskih
je jedan is
oddedicated
osnovnih to
uvjeta
za izradu dobrog
inventara
emisijeacross
plina staklenika.
spread
areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
CORINAIR metodologija, zajedno s najnovijim softverom, omoguava inventar emisija ne
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
samo u svrhu LRTAP Konvencije, ve takoer i za potrebe UNFCCC-a i IPCC-a. Poznato je da novi
Furthermore,
moves are afoot
strengthen
thesepotrebni
and to enact
more
legislation.
softver nudi mogunost
da se to
veoma
brzo dobiju
tabelarni
pregledi
u formatu zajednikog

izvjetaja (Common Reporting Format CRF).


Za razdoblje
(1991-2001)
prikupljanje
emisije plina
There
is at least izvjetavanja
a five-fold justification
for early
action inpodataka
the area iofprocjene
e-Accessibility:
staklenika diskutabilno je za ratne godine, mada taj proces nee biti puno manje kompliciran ni za
poslijeratno razdoblje.
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized.
It helps fulfil
the promise
of thedobri
Information
to reduce
than
to se tie industrijskih
procesa,
ne postoje
podaci Society
o mjerenjima.
Kaorather
posljedica
increasesethe
disadvantages
certain populations
face. Conversely,
insufficient
toga, predlae
upotreba
faktora preporuenih
u smjernicama
i uputstvima
IPCC-a.effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
Za poljoprivredu su dovoljni standardni emisijski faktori navedeni u smjernicama IPCC-a.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Promjene opens
uma significant
i tla zbogmarket/sales
eksploatacijeopportunities,
su problematinije
stvarnih
population
and canzbog
help nedostatka
public services
fulfil
ulaznihtheir
podataka
potrebnih
za
izraunavanja,
te
e
se
zbog
toga
koristiti
preporuena
metodologija
remit in a cost effective manner.
IPCC-a.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

42

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
2.2.2. Izvjetavanje
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
U smislu lana 12. Okvirne konvencije Ujedinjenih nacija o klimatskim promjenama,
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
odgovornost za izvjetavanje ja na Ministarstvu za prostorno ureenje, graevinarstvo i ekologiju
andbh.
to lower
theinstitucije.
cost.
RS, kojee-Services
ima svojstvo
kontakt
U okviru entiteta izvjetavanja vre ministarstva u
ijoj nadlenosti
je
zatita
okolia,
a
u
FBiH,
pored
entitetskog
i to je nadlenost will
i ministarstava
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines
and recommendations
assist in the
za okoli na nivou kantona, to nesporno predstavlja kompliciran proces pravljenja inventaraconvergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
katastra emisije plina staklenika u Bosni i Hercegovini. U Republici Srpskoj inventar emisija
SEE countries.
izraujeand
Republiki
hidrometeoroloki zavod RS-a.

tekoe vezane za izradu inventara u Bosni i Hercegovini su:


1.2.Osnovne
About
this report

Nedostatak stalnih izvora financiranja,

The specific
goals of this
report are: akata za obavezu prikupljanja podataka,
Nedostatak
podzakonskih
o aktivnostima
koje su neophodne
za izvjetavanje
IPCC-u ilegal
za
1. toNedostatak
outline thepodataka
international
context regarding
e-Accessibility
including existing
provoenje obaveza prema UNFCCC-u,
instruments and strategic level documents;
Nedostatak osoblja s potrebnim iskustvom za pripremu podataka o industriji, poljoprivredi
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
i promjenama tla i uma zbog eksploatacije (LUCF),
with disabilities;
Nedostatak administrativnih kapaciteta za pripremu kvalitetne podzakonske regulative za
3. topodruje
assess the
current level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
prikupljanja
podataka
o aktivnostima,
4. to identify good practices in the region;
Nedostatak strune pomoi za kvalitetno ispunjavanje obaveza iz UNFCCC-a.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

2.2.3. Kontrola kvaliteta (eng. Quality Control) i


osiguranje kvaliteta (eng. Quality Assurance)

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


Preporuke
UNFCCC-a
IPCC-a
stavljaju
naglasak
na kontrolu
kvaliteta
podataka.
To designed
je, u stvari,by
that is being
implemented
in ithe
context
of the
e-SEE Initiative.
It is
a regional
project
sistem
odreenih
tehnikih
aktivnosti,
ocjena
i
kontrole
kvaliteta
inventara
emisija.
Kontrola
kvaliteta
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded
by the
ukljuuje paljivu provjeru tanosti prikupljenih podataka, emisijskih faktora i procjene nesigurnosti.
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation
of the ukljuuje
Inclusive Information
Society
Priority Area
of thekoje
e-SEE
Agenda+,
the
Osiguranje kvaliteta
planirani sistem
procedura
pregleda
obavlja
osoblje
regional
action plan
for Information
Societyinventara.Bosna
development, and
the UNCRPD.
programmatic
koje nije direktno
ukljueno
u proces razvoja
i Hercegovina,
kaoThe
zemlja
u razvoju,
u skladu sofodlukama
organa
Konvencije,
koristila
mogunost
da meunarodna
grupa eksperata,
priorities
the project
are therefore
fully
alignedjewith
the targets
of e-SEE Agenda+.
koju je formirao za ove svrhe Sekretarijat UNFCCC Konvencije, pregleda inventar, te procijeni
nesigurnosti
u vezi sis inventarom.
Naalost,bytothe
sigurno
nije dovoljnoUNDP-funded
da se u potpunosti
The project
being implemented
Sarajevo-based
e-SEE provede
Initiative
osiguranje kvaliteta / kontrola kvaliteta u Bosni i Hercegovini, jer je glavni problem za osiguranje
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
kvaliteta kvalitet ulaznih podataka o aktivnostima.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance izrade
Sector.inventara
The UNDP
Country
Officebate
in Sarajevo
is working closely
Preporuke za unapreenje
plinova
staklene
su:
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Provoenje institucionalne odgovornosti za sistematsko sastavljanje inventara emisija
in New York
is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
plinova staklenika;
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
countries.
Jaanje kapaciteta Agencije za statistiku, te entitetskih zavoda za statistiku za prikupljanje
respective
i statistiku podataka koji su neophodni za izradu inventara emisije plinova staklene bate;
43

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Poveanje broja osoblja i financijskih sredstava za prikupljanje osnovnih podataka i


podataka o emisijama;
Obezbjeivanje aurnog objavljivanja statistikih podataka o emisijama;

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Poveanje financijskih sredstava za obuku osoblja, proraun emisija i istraivanje


emisijskih faktora, istraivanja i projekcije nacionalnih emisija plina staklenika, formiranje i
provoenje sistema revizije nacionalnog inventara emisija plina staklenika koje bi obavljao
This section nezavisni
presentstim
aneksperata,
overview i of
the UNCRPD,
its za
significance
and main sections, the
unapreenje
kvaliteta
arhiviranja podataka;
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Kontinuirano investiranje u hardver i obuku kadrova za prikupljanje podataka, mjerenja
by a description
of the major
instruments
and actions
the European
Unionvezanim
level relating
to
i upravljanj
s ciljem
da se pobolja
kvalitet at
podataka
o emisijama
za zemne
disability in general
e-Accessibility
particular.
plinove,and
otpad
i industrijske in
procese;

Izdavanje ovlatenja za kreiranje pojedinanih baza podataka o emisijama u odgovarajuim


institucijama;

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

Izgradnja javne svijesti o problemima u vezi sa zatitom klime i potencijalnim posljedicama


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
klimatskih promjena.
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

2.3. Sistem
CORINAIR
e-Accessibility can potentially
refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Inventar je zasnovan na CORINAIR (CORe INventory of AIR emissions) sistemu koji kreira
television.
Up to 15 percent
the population
across
the European
Union
has evropske
a disability,
such as
ETC/AE (Evropski
tematskiofcentar
za emisije
u zraku).
Kao i mnoge
druge
zemlje,
BiHa
visual,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor impairment,
koristihearing,
ovaj metod
prorauna
za kvantifikaciju
emisija. and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
CORINAIR sistem je dizajniran za sakupljanje podataka o emisijama i izvjetavanje zemalja
o emisijama u zrak prema Evropskoj agenciji za okoli (EEA) uz koritenje zajednikog formata.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
Ova zajednika baza podataka irom Evrope moe se primijeniti za pripremu odreenih katastara u
this
area.saAtsmjernicama
the highest international
level, the
UNCRPD, ratified
and coming
into force
2008, is
skladu
UNECE/CLARTAP-a
i UNFCCC-a.
U nastavku
se daje kratak
opisinAE-DEM
the
relevant legal
context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
programskog
paketa:
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore,
moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation. CRLTAP (NFR)
izvor emisije
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
izvor emisije

sakupljanje

Nacionalni

selektiranje

UNFCCC (CRF)

1. It is worthwhile in proraun
its own right to improve
services to people who are already
inventaraccess toagregiranje
arhiviranje
preraspodjela
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise
of the Information Society to reduce rather than
emisija
izvor emisije
EU directive
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
ReportER
CollectER
area is likelyEstimaterER
to further marginalize these
groups.
2. Improving
of the
itd.
izvor
emisije access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
Slika 4. Inventar emisija

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

44

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; it can
reduceprate
the cost
of web
service development,
enhance
the
Cilj
je da se sakupljaju,
odravaju,
i objave
informacije
o emisijama uand
zrak,
i poalju
Evropskom
katastru
emisija
i
sistema
baze
podataka.
Ovo
podrazumijeva
emisije
u
zrak
iz
svih
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
izvora koji su relevantni za okolinske probleme, klimatske promjene, zakiseljavanje, eutrofikacije,
4. The
earlier
action
is taken,
the easier
it is to
integrate e-Accessibility into development of
troposferski
ozon,
kvalitet
zraka
i disperzije
opasnih
supstanci.
e-Services and to lower the cost.
S obzirom da je CORINAIR orijentiran ka izvoru, postoji jasna razlika izmeu takastog
5. Pursuing
that su
follow
EUstacionarni
guidelines izvori
and recommendations
will assist
in the
i povrinskog
izvora.approaches
Takasti izvori
veliki
emisije koji isputaju
polutante
aspects
the development
of the
Information
Societyda
in bi
thebili
EU
convergence
of different
u atmosferu.
Postrojenja
ili aktivnosti
iji of
pojedinani
mali iznosi
emisija
nisu dovoljni
klasificirani
u
takaste
izvore,
sabiru
se
i
ine
povrinski
izvor.
Oni
zajedno
mogu
znatno
da
and SEE countries.
doprinesu ukupnim emisijama.

1.2. About this report


2.4. Rezultati prorauna emisije staklenikih
The specific goals of this report are:
plinova 1991-2001.

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


U
nastavku seand
dajustrategic
rezultatilevel
prorauna
emisije staklenikih plinova za Bosnu i Hercegovinu.
instruments
documents;
Rezultati se daju prvo kao ukupna (agregirana) emisija svih staklenikih plinova prema sektorima,
2. toemisija
developpojedinih
a comparative
pictureplinova,
of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
a zatim kao
staklenikih
takoer prema
sektorima. people versus people
with disabilities;
Budui da pojedini stakleniki plinovi imaju razliita radijaciona svojstva, razliito doprinose
3. to assess
the bi
current
level of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
efektu staklenika.
Kako
se omoguilo
meusobno zbrajanje
i ukupni prikaz
emisije, potrebno je
da se emisija
svakog good
plinapractices
pomnoi in
s njegovim
staklenikim potencijalom (GWP-Global Warming
4. to identify
the region;
Potential).
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:

address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;


Stakleniki potencijal je mjera utjecaja nekog plina na stakleniki efekat u odnosu na
- . U comply
with requirements
for theplinova
UN and iskazuje
EU.
utjecaj CO
tom sluaju
emisija staklenikih
se jedinicom Gg CO2 eq (masa
2
ekvivalentnog CO2).
U tabeli
9. issupart
prikazani
stakleniki
za Marginalised
pojedine plinove,
kojiin se
odnose na
This
report
of a larger
project, potencijali
Empowering
Groups
e-Governance,
vremenski
razdoblje
od 100ingodina.
that
is being
implemented
the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Stakleniki
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic
Plin Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
potencijal
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
1
Ugljendioksid (CO2)
regional action plan
for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD.
The programmatic
)
21
Metanare
(CHtherefore
priorities of the project
fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE
Agenda+.
4
Azotni oksid (N2O)

310

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


6.500
CF4
Secretariat, capitalizing
on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
9.200
C2F6
Marginalised Groups
in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are
positioned within the Social
SF6 Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office23.900
Inclusion/Democratic
in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Tabela 9. Stakleniki potencijal za pojedinane plinove za razdoblje od 100 godina
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce (REGATA)
actplinova,
as government
Points
for their
Ugljendioksid
je jedan
od najznaajnijih
staklenikih
posebno Focal
kada se
razmatraju
respective
countries.
posljedice ljudskih
aktivnosti. Procjenjuje se da je odgovoran za oko 50 posto (izvor: IPCC) globalnog
zagrijavanja. Gotovo svugdje u svijetu, a tako i u Bosni i Hercegovini, najznaajniji antropogeni
izvori CO2 su izgaranje fosilnih goriva (za proizvodnju elektrine energije, industriju, saobraaj,
45

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

grijanje, itd.), industrijske aktivnosti (proizvodnja elika, cementa), promjene u koritenju zemljita
i aktivnosti u umarstvu (u BiH zbog prirasta drvne mase postoji negativna emisija - ponor).
U tabelama za izvjetavanje (CRF), u sluaju da ne postoji odgovarajui podatak, koriste
se odgovarajue oznake za popunjavanje praznih polja i to kada do emisije ne dolazi (NO, not
occurring), a kada emisija nije procijenjena (NE, not estimated).

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section
presents an1991
overview
the UNCRPD,
significance
and main
the
Godina
1992 of1993
1994 1995its 1996
1997 1998
1999 sections,
2000 2001
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
emisija bez ponora
30.797 instruments
10.567 4.010 and
4.474
4.458 at 7.390
10.244 14.225
14.599
16.118
byUkupna
a description
of the major
actions
the European
Union
level15.249
relating
to
Gg CO2 eq
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
1. Energija

23.282

6.406

2.393

2.615

2.304

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


A. Sagorjevanje goriva
(sektorski pristup)

21.699

5.960

2.237

2.455

2.145

4.703

7.358

11.109

11.192

11.804

12.330

4.401

6.911

10.568

10.678

11.290

11.824

14.572 5.149
1.871
3.816
6.138
7.956
7.425
7.803
7.997
1. Energetika is about overcoming
e-Accessibility
the1.872
range2.092
of barriers
that
people
with
disabilities
and others
685
N when
NE seeking
NE to NE
37
42
58 the Information
77
95
Proizvodne
industrije
such2.as
older populations
experience
participate
on67equal terms
in
Society.
2.508
N
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
1.704
2.038
2.123
2.500
3. Transport

4. Ostali sektori

3.934

811

365

363

275

548

706

866

1.157

1.287

1.232

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
5. Ostalo
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
446
156
160
159
302
446
541
515
514
506
B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva 1.583
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
1.583
446
156
160
159
302
541
514
506
1. vrsta goriva
visual,
hearing, speech, cognitive,
or motor
impairment,
and
SEE 446
countries
can515expect
to have
a
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
2.
Ulje
i
prirodni
plin
similar or higher proportion.
2. Industrijski procesi

2.500

42

NE

21

89

191

307

394

456

597

A perhaps
surprising
agreements,
regulations
cover
346number
42 of international
N
NE
21
89
181
248 and
289guidelines
309
422
A. Mineralni
proizvodi

this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
N
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
B. Hemijska industrija
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
2.154
N
NE
NE
NE
NE
9
59
106
147
175
C. Proizvodnja metala
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
D. Ostala proizvodnja
(for
copyright exemptions), and
theNE
Telecoms
Framework
(for NE
assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
Proizvodnja
is E.also
covered by policy, NE
and guidelines
programmatic
NE
NE andNEbenchmarking
NE
NE exist
NE for NE
NE
NE support.
NE
halokarbonata i SF6
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
F. Potronja halokarbonata
i SF6

NE

G. Ostalo

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i
1. It is worthwhile inNEits
drugih proizvoda

NE right
NEto improve
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE already
NE
own
access
to services
toNEpeopleNEwho are
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
4.023
3.439
1.241
1.405
1.624
1.852
1.956
1.989
2.102
2.026
4. Poljoprivreda
increase the disadvantages
certain
populations
face.
Conversely,
insufficient
effort
in2.203
this
areafermentacije
is likely to further
1.607 marginalize
1.719
461 these
514 groups.
633
710
775
789
814
777
777
A. Crijevne
493to
B. Upravljanje
gnojivimaaccess
2. Improving

157
48
67
82 such81a significant
81
83
77
services,
public 54
and private,
to
proportion
of80the
population
fulfil
NO
NO market/sales
NO
NO opportunities,
NO
NO and
NOcan help
NO public
NO services
NO
NO
C. Kultivacija
rie opens significant
their remit
in a(2)cost
effective
1.922
1.562 manner.
732
837
924
1.060
1.101
1.119
1.206
1.172
1.345
D. Poljoprivredna
zemljita

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

46

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Godina
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
E. Propisano
paljenje
4. The
earlier action
the
into
NO is taken,
NO
NOeasier
NOit is to
NOintegrate
NO e-Accessibility
NO
NO
NO development
NO
NO of
savana

e-Services and to lower the cost.

F. Terensko spaljivanje
NE
NE
poljoprivrednih
ostataka approaches that
5. Pursuing

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

-9.367

-8.483

-8.307

-7.297

-7.302

-7.212

follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the


NE
NE
NE of the
NE development
NE
NE of the
NE Information
NE
NESociety
NE in the
NE EU
G. Ostaloconvergence of different aspects
and SEE countries.
5. Promjena namjene
zemljita i umarstvo
(ponori)

-7.689

-10.147 -10.568 -10.081 -10.240

1.2. About this report


6. Otpad

992

680

A. Odlaganje
The
specificvrstog
goals of this report
are:
992
680
otpada na zemljitu

376

454

508

746

739

819

909

964

988

376

454

508

746

739

819

909

964

988

B. Rukovanje otpadnim
1. to outline
vodama

the international
contextNEregarding
e-Accessibility
existing
legal
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NEincluding
NE
NE
NE
instruments and strategic level documents;

C. Spaljivanje otpada

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
D. Ostalo
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level
of e-Accessibility
e-Accessibility stakeholders;
Tabela
10. Emisije Gg and
CO2 eq
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Prilikom analize ovih podataka (1991-2001) moraju se uzeti injenice da je u Bosni i
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Hercegovini od 1992. do 1996. godine bio rat i da podaci za to razdoblje, kao i za razdoblje do 1998.
comply with
requirements for the UN and EU.
godine, imaju
poveanu
nesigurnost.
U Tabeli 10. se nalazi dio podataka za ratno i poslijeratno razdoblje oznaenih s "NE (not
This-report
is part of a Ovo
larger
project, Empowering
Marginalised
Groupsuin
e-Governance,
estimated)
nije proraunato.
je posebno
interesantno za
oblast transporta
razdoblju
19921997,isjer
je nesporno
da se in
saobraaj
odvijao,
meutim
zvaninihItpodataka
o broju
voziladesigned
nema, teby
that
being
implemented
the context
of the
e-SEE Initiative.
is a regional
project
procjena emisija bez tog podatka nije bila mogua. Po procjeni uesnika radne grupe i rukovodioca
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
tima za proraun emisije GHG iz transporta, bilo kakva procjena bi imala preveliku nesigurnost,
UNDPs
Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
koja ne biDemocratic
zadovoljila Governance
postavljene kriterije.
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
"NE
znae da nije
bilo "activity
data zaand
bilo the
kakav
korektanThe
proraun
emisije
regionalOstale
actionoznake
plan for
Information
Society
development,
UNCRPD.
programmatic
GHG,
s
prihvatljivim
nejasnoama
u
proraunu.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Moraproject
se imati
u viduimplemented
da za razdoblje
1991-2001
ne postoje
oficijelni statistiki
podaci
The
is being
by the
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE Initiative
neophodni za proraun emisije. Tek od 2008. godine postoje odreeni kvalitetni podaci Agencije
Secretariat,
on their
existing knowledge,
networks
and podataka
resources.
Empowering
za statistiku icapitalizing
entitetskih zavoda
za statistiku,
koji ukljuuju
prikupljanje
o aktivnostima
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
e-SEE Secretariat
positioned
within
the Social
neophodnim za
proraun
emisije GHGand
po the
odreenim
sektorima.are
Naravno,
postoje
i podaci
u
navedenim statistikimGovernance
izvjetajimaSector.
i prije 2008.
godine,Country
ali moeOffice
se smatrati
da je kvalitet
podataka
Inclusion/Democratic
The UNDP
in Sarajevo
is working
closely
manje
za proraune.
with
theiskoristiv
fellow UNDP
Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
Jo uvijek je problem evidencije uvoza tenih goriva i prorauni emisije iz saobraaja su
the
Regional
e-Governance
(REGATA)
act as
government
Points
for kao
their
raeni
softverom
COPERT naAdvisory
osnovu Taskforce
broja vozila,
iji zvanini
podaci
od 1998.Focal
godine
postoje,
respective
i odreenihcountries.
informacija o uvozu tenih goriva u BiH.

47

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

2.4.1. Emisija CO2 po sektorima


Na Grafikonu 5. su grafiki predstavljene emisije CO2 za razdoblje od 1990. do 2001. godine. Vidljivo je da analiza ovog grafikona odudara od grafikona veine drava, jer umjesto norma
lnog rasta emisije CO2 eq ovdje uoavamo pad emisije GHG u ratnom razdoblju (12% 1993. u odnosu na baznu 1990. godinu).

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
Grafikonnumber
5. Emisije
CO2 za razdoblje
od 1990. do 2001.
godine. and guidelines cover
A perhaps surprising
of international
agreements,
regulations
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Emisije CO eq - 1990-2001
spread across areas such as Television Without2 Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
100%
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
80% moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Furthermore,

60%

There
40% is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
20%

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
0%
marginalized.
It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Godina
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
Otpad %

Industrija %

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Poljoprivreda %
Energetika %
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
Grafikone-Accessibility
6. Emisije CO2 %for
pothe
sektorima
za razdoblje
od also
1990.lead
do 2001.
godine. access for
3. Improving
marginalized
could
to improved
2

48

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can
reduce
thedo
cost
of web
service
development,
and enhance
the
Od
1993. godine
se biljei
blagi
porast
2001.
godine.
Procenat
uea pojedinih
sektora
se tek od
1998.
godine
pribliava
baznoj
1990.
godini.
Ukupna
emisija
2001.
je,
zbog
unitene
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
infrastrukture, iznosila samo 47% u odnosu na baznu 1990. godinu.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

2.4.1.1. Energetika
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
Najznaajniji izvor CO2 je svakako energetski sektor koji pridonosi preko 70 posto ukupnoj
and. SEE
Ovaj countries.
sektor pokriva sve aktivnosti koje ukljuuju potronju fosilnih goriva (izgaranje
emisiji CO
2
goriva i neenergetsko koritenje goriva), te fugitivnu emisiju iz goriva (Comon Report Category
CRF 1.A. i 1.B. kategorije).

1.2. About this report

Fugitivna emisija nastaje tokom proizvodnje, prenosa, prerade, skladitenja i distribucije


fosilnih
goriva.
Energetski
sektorare:
je glavni izvor antropogene emisije staklenikih plinova.
The specific
goals
of this report
Emisije po godinama takoer su prikazane u na Tabeli 10. Proraun emisije se zasniva na
1. otopotronji
outline the
international
context
regarding
e-Accessibility
existing legal
podacima
fosilnih
goriva koji
su dobijeni
na osnovu
zvaninih including
pisanih informacija
od
energetskih
subjekata.
propisane
IPCC i CORINAIR metodologije uraen je za razdoblje
instruments
andUnutar
strategic
level documents;
1991-2001. godine (tzv. Sectoral Approach).
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
Takoer,
provedena je i jednostavnija varijanta prorauna (tzv. Reference Approach), koja
uzima u obzir samo ukupan bilans goriva, bez podsektorske analize. Poreenje rezultata obje
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
varijante prorauna (neka vrsta interne kontrole), dala je razlike oko 1% za 1990. godinu, a za 2001.
4. togodinu
identify
good practices
in the region;
godinu, kao
s relativno
najkompletnijim
podacima u ispitivanom poslijeratnom razdoblju, 9%.
5. to develop
set of recommendations
government
and other
stakeholders
on how to:
Ovo potvruje
naprijeda navedenu
pretpostavku o for
dostupnosti
podataka
u poslijeratnom
razdoblju.
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country
Offices
in the
while
the Office
of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Grafikon
7. Emisije
COregion,
iz sektora
energetike
1990-2001
2
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
Energetski
najintenzivniji
podsektori
pretvaranje
energije
(termoelektrane,
the Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforcesu(REGATA)
act as
government
Focal Pointstoplane,
for their
saobraaj)
i
izgaranje
goriva
u
industriji.
Veina
emisije
CO
od
pretvaranja
energije
dolazi
od
izgaranja
2
respective countries.
goriva u termoelektranama. Naravno, pokazuje se da je emisija iz sektora energije dominantna i kree
se od 73% 1990. godine do 78% 1998. godine. Minimalni procenat je 52%, zabiljeen 1995. godine.
49

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Analiza ove tabele je puna nedosljednosti, ali ako uzmemo injenicu na viegodinju ratnu
situaciju 1992. do 1995. godine, podaci su sasvim logini i razumljivi.
Posebno treba naglasiti da su ukupne emisije iz saobraaja priblino iste za 1990. i 2001.
godinu, kao i broj vozila cca 450.000, ali su ukupne emisije iz energetskog sektora daleko manje, tako
da emisija iz cestovnog saobraaja ima procentualno znaajniju ulogu u odnosu na 1990. godinu.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
2.4.1.2. Industrijski
requirements
it sets in all aspectsprocesi
of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
Kao nusprodukt u razliitim neenergetskim industrijskim procesima, u kojima se ulazna
disability
general hemijski
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
materijainnajee
transformira
u finalni proizvod, dolazi do emisije staklenikih plinova.
Industrijski procesi kod kojih je doprinos emisiji CO2 identificiran kao znaajan su: proizvodnja
cementa, vapna, amonijaka, eljeza i elika, ferolegura, aluminija, kao i koritenje vapnenca i
dehidratizirane sode u razliitim industrijskim aktivnostima.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility
is about overcoming
the rangeKonvencija,
of barriers koritena
that people
with
disabilities
andizothers
IPCC metodologija,
koju preporuuje
je za
proraun
emisija
indu
such
as older
populations
experiencesmjernice
when seeking
to za
participate
oninventare
equal terms
in staklene
the Information
strijskih
procesa
(Izvor: Revidirane
IPCC-a
nacionalne
plina
bate):
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
8. Emisije CO2 industrijski procesi- 1990-2001.
There is at least aGrafikon
five-fold
justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

Na slici se jasno uoava trend emisije iz industrijskih procesa od 1990. do 2001. godine.
It iseq.
worthwhile
in itsiznosila
own right
to improve
who areove
already
Emisija1.CO
1990. godine
je 3.554,
a 2001.access
svega to
597services
Gg CO2 to
eq.people
Usporeujui
dvije
2
godinemarginalized.
vidi se da emisija
2001.fulfil
godine
samo
emisije 1990,
koja to
je bazna
It helps
theiznosi
promise
of 16.8%
the Information
Society
reducegodina.
rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

2.4.1.3.
Ponori - LUCF
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the

population
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and can helpplinova
public services
fulfil
Kao to jeopens
ve prije
spomenuto,
kad dolazi
do upijanja staklenikih
(npr. upijanje
their
remitdrvne
in a cost
effective
manner.
CO2 kod
prirasta
mase
u umama)
onda se govori o ponoru staklenikih plinova i iznos se
prikazuje s negativnim predznakom.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

50

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can
reduceu the
costsegmenta
of web service
development,
anduenhance
the
Ukupne
emisije
i ponori
plinova
okviru
umarstva
i promjene
koritenju
zemljitaprospects
za podruje
BiH
su
izraunate
za
1991.
do
2001.
godine.
Prema
prikupljenim
podacima,
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
rezultati prorauna ukazuju na injenicu da ume u BiH predstavljaju znaajan ponor CO2.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
ume
u BiH,and
prema
raspoloivim
podacima za baznu godinu, zauzimaju pokrivenost od 27.000
e-Services
to lower
the cost.
km2. Omjer uea vrsta obuhvata 68.8% liara (koji u veoj mjeri imaju sposobnost apsorpcije
5. Pursuing
guidelines
andpredstavlja
recommendations
willsaassist
in the
ugljenika),
gdje bukvaapproaches
dominira sathat
39%follow
ueaEU
dok
hrast kitnjak
udio liara
18.9%.
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
Ukupno
etinarskih vrsta iznosi 31.2%, te podrazumijeva znaajan udio jele (12.8%),
and SEEuee
countries.
smre (8.6%), crnog bora (7.2%), bijelog bora (2.5%) i neznatan omjer ostalih etinara (0.1%). U
skladu s ovim pokazateljima i godinjim prirastom koji iznosi 10.5 mil. ha (Gtz, 2001) odreen je
faktor godinjeg prirasta u tonama suhe tvari po hektaru (2,375). Plemeniti liari te divlje voarice
su takoer ukljueni u proraune.

1.2. About this report

The specific
goals
of this
report predstavlja
are:
Ukupno
uee
biomase
iznos od 2.386,5 Gg suhe tvari, dok je neto godinji unos
ugljendioksida jednak 2.024,60 Gg, u skladu s proraunima izvedenim iz uputstava za promjene u
umskim
drugim
zalihama context
drvne biomase.
1. sistemima
to outline ithe
international
regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
Koristei IPCC odreene vrijednosti uea ugljenika u suhoj tvari, ukupni unos ugljenika
je stoga 2.
odreen
na 3217,85
Gg. U skladu
ovim
rezultatima for
i proraunima
otputanja/
to develop
a comparative
pictures of
e-Accessibility
able-bodiedgodinjeg
people versus
people
emisije ugljenika,
konano
godinje
poniranje
ugljendioksida
u
umskim
ekosistemima
u
BiH,
za
with disabilities;
baznu godinu 1990, iznosi 7.423,53 Gg CO2, a za 2001. 7.212,2 Gg CO2.
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
Detaljni
prorauni
ponore in
uraeni
su u skladu s IPCC uputstvom iz 1996, a iz priloenih
4. to identify
good za
practices
the region;
IPCC CRF tabela se daju prorauni za svaku godinu.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Grafikon 9. Ponori 1990-2001.
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
S obzirom
na ratne
aktivnosti
u prolosti
i trenutnu
preduzea za upravljanje
in New York
is providing
expertise
and
playing an
advisorydecentralizaciju
role. Government-appointed
members of
umama
te zakonskih
okvira,
podaciTaskforce
za baznu, (REGATA)
kao i za ostale
prikupljeni
iz razliitih
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
act asgodine,
government
Focal su
Points
for their
domaih i meunarodnih studija, te tako pridonose odreenoj mjernoj nesigurnosti za neke od
respective countries.
kategorija.

51

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

2.4.2. Emisija metana (CH4) po sektorima


2.4.2.1. Poljoprivreda

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Emisija metana iz poljoprivrede je raunata pomou softvera COLLECTER. Ukupna emisija


CH4 je za 2001. godinu u ovom sektoru iznosila 40.80 Gg CH4.

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Metan se formira kao direktan proizvod metabolizma kod ivotinja biljojeda (unutranja
requirements
all aspectsorganskog
of e-Accessibility
andivotinjskog
how it is to be
implemented.
Thisubrivima).
is followed
fermentacija)it sets
i kaoinposljedica
raspada
otpada
(gazdovanje
byPrema
a description
of the major
instruments
andmetana
actionszaatsvaki
the European
relating
to
IPCC metodologiji
odreuje
se emisija
tip ivotinjaUnion
(kravelevel
muzare,
ostale
krave
i
bikovi,
ovce,
konji,
svinje
i
perad).
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

2.4.2.2. vrsti
otpad
1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?
e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
the range
of rairenog
barriers that
peoplejewith
disabilities
others
Proraun
emisije
CH4 iz vrstog
otpada
na zemlji
takoer
uraenand
softverom
COLLECTER.
Ukupna koliina
otpada
je seeking
proraunata
po glavi on
stanovnika,
a podaci
su uzeti iz
such
as older populations
experience
when
to participate
equal terms
in the Information
Agencije
za
statistiku
BiH,
kao
i
iz
entitetskih
zavoda
za
statistiku.
Society.
Izraunata emisija CH4 za 2001. godinu iznosila je 47.05 Gg.
e-Accessibility can potentially
refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites
formetana
e-government
services,
to nastaje
telephony
support for
blind people
to subtitling
on
Emisija
iz odlagalita
otpada
anaerobnom
razgradnjom
organskog
otpada
uz pomoUp
metanogenih
bakterija.
Koliina metana
tokom
procesa
television.
to 15 percent
of the population
acrossemitirana
the European
Union
has razgradnje
a disability,direktno
such asjea
proporcionalna
udjelu
razgradivog
organskog
ugljenika
(ROU),
koji
je
definiran
kao
udio
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect ugljenika
to have a
u razliitim vrstama organskog biorazgradivog otpada. Koriteni su za proraun IPCC emisijski
similar or higher proportion.
faktori za sve navedene sektore.

Gg CH4

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


CHlevel,
je 1990
- 2001 godina
this area. At the highest international
the
UNCRPD,
ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
4 emisi
90
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
80
spread across areas
such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
70
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered60by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
50
Furthermore, moves
are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
40

There is30
at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
20
10
1. It is worthwhile
in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
0
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize theseGodina
groups.
Crijevna
fermentacija
vrsta goriva
2. Improving access to services,
public and private,
to such
a significant proportion of the
Gnojivo and can help public services fulfil
Odlaganje
vrstog otpada
population opens significant
market/sales
opportunities,
their remit in a cost effective manner.

Grafikon 10. Ukupne


emisije
metana za razdoblje
1990-2001.
3. Improving e-Accessibility
for the
marginalized
could also
lead to improved access for
2

52

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; emisiju
it can reduce
of web
service development,
and enhance
the
Grafikon
10 prikazuje
metanathe
(CHcost
) prema
sektorima.
U Bosni i Hercegovini
su glavni
4
izvori metana:
poljoprivreda
(uzgoj
stoke),
fugitivna
emisija
iz
rudnika
uglja
i
odlaganje
otpada.
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of

2.4.3. Emisija
suboksida (N2O)
e-Services and toazotnog
lower the cost.

Najvaniji
izvor
N2O u Bosni
i Hercegovini
je poljoprivreda.
Mnoge poljoprivredne
aktivnosti
5. Pursuing
approaches
that
follow EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist
in the
dodaju azot
u
tlo,
te
se
na
taj
nain
poveava
raspoloivi
azot
za
nitrifikaciju
i
denitrifikaciju,
to
ima
EU
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the
utjecaja na koliinu emisija N2O.
and SEE countries.
Koritena metodologija razlikuje tri izvora emisije N2O: direktna emisija iz poljoprivrednog
tla, emisija zbog djelovanja ivotinja i indirektno uzrokovana emisija zbog poljoprivrednih aktivnosti.
Meu navedenim, najvea emisija dolazi direktno iz poljoprivrednog tla, obraivanjem tla i
uzgajanjem usjeva. To ukljuuje primjenu mineralnih ubriva, azot iz talskog ubriva, uzgajanje
mahunarki
soje (fiksacija
azota),
azot iz ostataka poljoprivrednih usjeva i obradu tresetita.
The
specifici goals
of this report
are:

1.2. About this report

U energetskom sektoru emisija je proraunata po osnovu potronje goriva i odgovarajuih


1. to outline
context regarding
including existing legal
faktora emisije
(IPCC),the
a uinternational
agrikulturi propisanim
IPCC CRFe-Accessibility
tabelama.
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
Ukupne N2O emisije (Gg N2O) 1990 - 2001
with disabilities;

Gg N2O

12.00

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


10.00
4. to identify good practices in the region;
8.00
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
6.00
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
4.00
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
2.00
0

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


Godina
that is being implemented in the context of the
e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance
Trust N
Fund
support1990-2001.
the South Eastern Europe region
Grafikon 11.Thematic
Ukupne emisije
O zato
razdoblje
2
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

2.4.4. Kljuni izvori emisije

Analiza kljunih izvora emisije za 2001. godinu

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
KLJUNI IZVOR - BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA 2001. GODINA
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector.
The UNDP Country Office
Gg
CH4in Sarajevo
COis2 workingNclosely
O
2
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
1
Ukupno energija
25,26
11.580,53
0,62
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
1.RegionalAktivnosti
sagorijevanja
goriva
(sektorski
pristup) act as government
0,71
11.580,53
the
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)
Focal Points 0,62
for their
respective
countries.
1..1
Energetika
0,1
7.895,3
0,12

53

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

KLJUNI IZVOR - BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA 2001. GODINA


Gg

CH4

CO2

N2O

0,1

7.895,3

0,12

82,23

0,02

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
1..1.

Proizvodnja toplotne i elektrine energije

1..2

Sagorijevanje u proizvodnim industrijama i


graevinarstvu

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Sagorijevanje u proizvodnim industrijama i
1..2.
82,23This is followed
0,02
requirements
it sets in all aspects
e-Accessibility and how it is to be0implemented.
graevinarstvu:
gvoeofi elik
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
1..3
Saobraaj
0,61
2.435
0,42
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
1..3.b

Cestovni saobraaj

1..4
Drugi sektori
1.1.
Why
e-Accessibility?
1..4.

Komercijalni / institucionalni

1.B.1

Fugitivne emisije iz vrstih goriva

0,6133

2.435

0,42

1.168

0,06

392

24,55

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such
as older populations
experience when seeking to participate on equal
terms776
in the Information
1..4.b
Stambeni

Society.
Fugitivne can
emisije
iz vrstihrefer
goriva:
i
e-Accessibility
potentially
to iskopavanje
any type of ICT
used by24,55
citizens, and involves
everything

1.B.1.
rukovanje ugljem

from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
2
industrijski
procesi
television.
Up Ukupno
to 15 percent
of the
population across the European0,0007
Union has a 596,62
disability, such as a
visual,
speech,proizvodnja
cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries
can
expect to have
a
2. hearing,
Mineralna

421,84

similar or higher proportion.


2..1

Proizvodnja cementa

350,87

surprising
and
guidelines cover
2..2 A perhaps
Proizvodnja
kreanumber of international agreements, regulations

70,97
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
2.C
Proizvodnja metala
0,0007
174,79

the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
2.C.1 acrossProizvodnja
eljeza
i elika

spread
areas such
as Television
Without Frontiers (for subtitling),
the Copyright
Directive
(for2.C.2
copyright exemptions),
and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
Proizvodnja fero legure
0,0007
2,64

is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
2.C.3
Proizvodnja
172,15

Furthermore,
moves are aluminijuma
afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
4
4.
4.D
6.

Ukupno poljoprivreda

40,8

4,34

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Crijevna fermentacija

40,8

1. It isPoljoprivredna
worthwhile inzemljita
its own right to improve access to services
to people who are already

4,34
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Odlaganje vrstog otpada na zemljitu
47,05

increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
Tabela 11. Kljuni izvori emisija po CRF kategorijama

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
Ukupno obuhvaena emisija kljunih izvora u 2001. godini iznosi 16.090 GgCO2eq., to
their remit in a cost effective manner.
izraeno u procentima iznosi preko 99%. Najvie uestvuju proizvodnja elektrine energije i toplote
(49% - 3.
1.A.1.a).
Slijedi
cestovni transport
(15,1%-1.A.3.b),
itd.
Improving
e-Accessibility
for the
marginalized 8,4%-4.D,
could also6,1%-6.A
lead to improved
access for
2

54

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
CO2 emisije energetika i industrija 2001. godina (%)

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

CRF categorija

2.A.2

5. Pursuing1approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the


1.A.2.a
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
1
2.C.3
and SEE countries.
2.A.1

1.A.4.a
3
1.2. About
this report
1.A.4.b

The specific
goals of this report are:
1.A.3.b

19

1.A.1.a

64

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


0 and strategic
10
20documents;
30
40
50
60
70
instruments
level
%
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


Grafikon 12. Emisije iz energetskog i industrijskog sektora po CRF kategorijama
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
Analize
kljunih izvora
emisije su
sline i za baznu 1990. godinu, osim emisije iz industrijskih
procesa,- koja jecomply
bila druga
procentualnom
ueu.
withpo
requirements
for the
UN and EU.
Zbog unitene industrijske proizvodnje u toku ratnih dejstava, emisija CO2 iz ovog sektora je
cca 6,5 puta manja u 2001. godini u odnosu na baznu 1990. godinu. Za razdoblje 1998-2000. analize
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
kljunih izvora su sline onima koje su navedene za 2001. godinu.
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regionalKao
action
for Information
and the UNCRPD.
The programmatic
to jeplan
poznato,
fotohemijskiSociety
aktivni development,
plinovi kao ugljenmonoksid
(CO), azotni
oksidi (NOx) i
nemetanski
hlapljivi
organski
spojevi (NMVOC-i),
nisu
indirektno doprinose
priorities
of the
project
are therefore
fully alignediako
with
thestakleniki
targets of plinovi,
e-SEE Agenda+.
staklenikom efektu. Oni se obino nazivaju indirektni stakleniki plinovi ili ozonski prethodnici
jer utiuThe
i uestvuju
u procesu
stvaranja i razgradnje
ozona, koji je takoer
jedan od
staklenikih
project is
being implemented
by the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
plinova. Za sumpordioksid (SO2) se vjeruje da, kao prethodnik sulfata i aerosola, negativno utie na
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
stakleniki efekat.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
Thetrend
UNDP
Office in
Sarajevo isgodina.
working
closely
Emisija sumpordioksida
(SO
) slijedi
COCountry
za razdoblje
1990-2001.
Grafiki
2
2
pregled
13) je
dovoljno
jasanini ne
ga posebno
objanjavati.
Trebaat
naglasiti
with
the (Grafikon
fellow UNDP
Country
Offices
thetreba
region,
while thedetaljnije
Office of Senior
ICT Advisor
the BDP
da
emisija
2001.
godine
iznosi
(47.1%)
u
odnosu
na
baznu
1990.
godinu.
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Dominantan doprinos emisiji SO2 svakako je izgaranje u sektoru energije, koji za 1990.
respective
countries.
godinu iznosi
97,3%, a za 2001. iznosi 99,1%. Ova razlika je posljedica smanjene emisije iz sektora
"Industrijski procesi u 2001. godini.

2.4.5. Emisija indirektnih staklenikih plinova

55

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government
services,
to telephony
support 1990-2001
for blind people to subtitling on
Grafikon 13.
Ukupne SO
emisije za razdoblje
2
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Slina analiza
i za emisije
azotnih
oksida (NO
), ugljenmonoksida
(CO)
i nemetanskih
visual, hearing,
speech,vrijedi
cognitive,
or motor
impairment,
and
SEE countries can
expect
to have a
x
hlapljivih organskih spojeva (NMVOC).
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost
effective manner.
Grafikon 14. Ukupne NO emisije za razdoblje 1990-2001
x

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

56

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess theGrafikon
current15.
level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
Ukupne
CO emisije za razdoblje
1990-2001. stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
Grafikon 16. Ukupne NMVOC emisije za razdoblje 1990-2001.
57

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

2.5. Procjena nesigurnosti prorauna

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Procjena nesigurnosti prorauna je jedan od bitnih elemenata nacionalnog inventara


emisija. Informacija o nesigurnosti ne osporava valjanost prorauna, ve pomae pri utvrivanju
prioritetnih mjera za poveanje tanosti prorauna, te pomae pri izboru metodolokih opcija.

This section
presents
an overview
of the emisije
UNCRPD,
its razlikuju
significance
and main
sections,
the
Postoji
vie razloga
zato se stvarne
i ponori
od vrijednosti
koje
su dobijene
proraunom.it Neki
izvori
nesigurnosti
mogu generirati
i lako karakterizirane
requirements
sets in
all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and howdobro
it is todefinirane
be implemented.
This is followed
procjene
raspona
potencijalne
pogreke,
za
razliku
od
drugih
koje
je
vrlo
teko
definirati.
Ukupno
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating
to
procijenjena nesigurnost emisije iz pojedinih izvora je kombinacija pojedinanih nesigurnosti
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
elemenata procjene emisije, i to: 1)nesigurnost u vezi s faktorima emisije (literatura ili mjerenje) i
2) nesigurnost u vezi s podacima o aktivnostima.

1.1. Na
Why
osnovu e-Accessibility?
uraene procjene nesigurnosti, podaci su podijeljeni u tri grupe:

e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
rangeizofenergetskog
barriers thatsektora
people (emisijski
with disabilities
others
1. Visoko
pouzdani
podaci:the
podaci
faktori and
i podaci
o
such as olderaktivnostima),
populations experience
when
seeking
to
participate
on
equal
terms
in
the
Information
te podaci o aktivnostima iz industrijskih procesa;
Society.
2. Srednje pouzdani podaci: emisija iz industrijskih procesa primjenjivost emisijskih faktora
za BiH, emisija iz poljoprivrednog zemljita, emisija iz sektora poljoprivrede, komunalnog
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
odlaganja otpada, proizvodnje hrane, te promjena sadraja ugljenika u umama;
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.3. Nisku
Up to 15 percent
of the
population
theemisijama
European izUnion
has a disability,
such nisu
as a
pouzdanost
imaju
podaci oacross
ostalim
sagorijevanja
goriva (koje
CO2speech,
), fugitivne
emisije or
iz rudnika
uglja, sagorijevanje
usjeva,
te podaci
visual, hearing,
cognitive,
motor impairment,
and SEEostataka
countries
can expect
to koji
havesea
odnose
na
metode
i
promjene
upotrebe
zemljita.
similar or higher proportion.

2.5.1.
Nesigurnost
procjene
emisije
COregulations
A perhaps
surprising number
of international
agreements,
and guidelines cover
2

this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
Emisija CO2 nastala izgaranjem goriva zavisi od koliine potroenog goriva (dravni
the relevant legal context.
No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
energetski bilans), ogrjevnoj vrijednosti (dravni energetski bilans), faktoru emisije ugljenika
spread
across
areasizsuch
asprirunika),
Television Without
Frontiers (for
subtitling),
the Copyright
(tipina
vrijednost
IPCC
udjelu oksidiranog
ugljenika
(tipina
vrijednostDirective
iz IPCC
(for
copyrightte,
exemptions),
and the Telecoms
Framework
assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
prirunika)
u sluaju neenergetske
potronje
goriva i(for
udjelu
pohranjenog
ugljenika
u proizvodu
vrijednost
IPCC prirunika).
is(tipina
also covered
by iz
policy,
and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Energetski bilans zasniva se na podacima iz svih raspoloivih izvora. Koriteni su podaci iz
entitetskih zavoda za statistiku o proizvodnji, upotrebi sirovina i potronji goriva. Zatim, koriteni su
There
is at least
a five-fold
justification
foroearly
action
in the area
i podaci
o mjesenoj
potronji
prirodnog
plina, te
godinjoj
potronji
ugljaofu e-Accessibility:
odreenim sektorima.
Podaci iz ovih i drugih izvora pohranjeni su u COLLECTER bazu.
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Kao i u prethodnim
sluajevima,
moramoofdathe
istaknemo
da zaSociety
ratno i to
poslijeratno
razdoblje
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil the promise
Information
reduce rather
than
do 2001. godine ne postoji uraen energetski bilans na nivou Bosne i Hercegovine. Postojale
increase
the disadvantages
populations
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort
in this
su procjene
potronje
u bilansimacertain
entitetskih
vlada i Distrikta
Brko. Takoer
postoje
podaci
u
areaenergetskog
is likely to further
marginalize
groups.
"Strategiji
sektora
BiH koju these
je uradio
Energetski institut "Hrvoje Poar. Uz gore
navedene, koristili smo i podatke koje smo dobijali direktno od energetskih subjekata.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and
can help
public services
fulfil
S obziromopens
na navedene
injenice,
odnosno
slabiji kvalitet
ulaznih
podataka,
procijenjena
remit in apodataka
cost effective
manner. sektor se razlikuje u odnosu na ratne godine i prve
ukupnatheir
nesigurnost
za energetski
poslijeratne godine. Ova nesigurnost procjenjuje se na 10%.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

58

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can
reduce
the cost
web service
development,
and enhance
the
Za
razdoblje 1999.
godine
do 2001.
godine,
koji of
je obuhvaen
u Drugom
nacionalnom
izvjetaju
o klimatskim
promjenama
prema
UNFCCC,
nesigurnost
je
neto
manja
i
procjenjuje
se
na
8%.
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The podaci
earlier action
is taken,
the easier
is to integrate
e-Accessibility
development
Ostali
potrebni
za proraun,
kaoit npr:
faktor emisije
ugljenika,into
udio
oksidiranogof
ugljenika,
udio pohranjenog
ugljenika
preuzeti su iz IPCC prirunika (Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
e-Services
and to lower
the cost.
for National GHG Inventories). Iako strunjaci vjeruju da su u IPCC priruniku navedene vrijednosti
5. dobro
Pursuing
approaches
that followuEU
guidelines
and
recommendations
willnesigurnost
assist in the
uglavnom
odreene,
s nesigurnou
okviru
5 posto,
naa
je procjena za ovu
aspects of
of thedeset
Information
Society
in the EU
convergence
different
neto poveana
i iznosiof6%
zbog injenice
dathe
se udevelopment
BiH koristi preko
vrsta ugljeva
s razliitim
i promjenljivim
udjelima
ugljenika.Takoer,
pretpostavljene
su
i
neefikasnosti
u
procesu
izgaranja
and SEE countries.
to moe rezultirati pepelom ili ai koja due vrijeme ostaje neoksidirana. Svi ovi faktori doprinose
nesigurnosti u proraunavanju emisija CO2. Ukupna nesigurnost emisija CO2 iz fosilnih goriva
procijenjena je na oko 7 posto, a udio u nesigurnosti nacionalne emisije svih staklenikih plinova
za 2001. godinu je procijenjen na manje od 5% (Tabela 12). Za tekua goriva nesigurnost podataka
o aktivnosti su 8%, a nesigurnost faktora emisije su koritene preporuke iz IPCC Uputstva 5%.
The specific goals of this report are:
Za prirodni plin su koriteni IPCC procjene nesigurnosti i za podatke o aktivnostima i
faktorima
5%.
1. emisije
to outline
the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal

1.2. About this report

instruments and strategic level documents;

Nesig.

Stakl.
Nesig. faktora
2. to develop a comparative picture
of e-Accessibility
people
podatakafor
o able-bodied people versus
Ukupna
IPCC kod
plin
emisije
aktivnosti
nesig.
with disabilities;
%
%
%

1A
1A
1A

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


8
6
10,00
Izgaranje goriva - ugalj
CO2
4. to identify good practices in the region;
8
5
9,64
Izgaranje goriva tek. goriva
CO2
5. to develop a set of recommendations
for government and other stakeholders on how to:
5
5
7,07
goriva the
prirodni
plin to e-Accessibility;
CO2
-Izgaranje
address
obstacles
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
Tabela 12. Procijenjena nesigurnost prorauna emisije CO2 u 2001. godini

Naravno,
treba
imati
vidu daproject,
je emisija
CO2 iz energetskog
sektora
(CRFinkategorija
1.A)
This
report
is part
of au larger
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
e-Governance,
preko 76% ukupnih emisija.
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Proces verificiranja prorauna ima svrhu da ustanovi pouzdanost prorauna. Verificiranje
priorities
project are
therefore
fully slijediti
aligned with
theprikupljanja
targets of e-SEE
Agenda+.
se odnosiofnathe
procedure
koje
je potrebno
u toku
podataka,
izrade inventara

2.6. Verificiranje prorauna

te nakon izrade inventara, kako bi se ustanovila pouzdanost prorauna. Verificiranjem uoeni


Theprorauna
project isukazuju
being implemented
bykoji
thejeSarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
nedostaci
na dio inventara
potrebno unaprijediti,
to indirektno
dovodi
do
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on
their
existing
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Empowering
podizanja nivoa kvaliteta inventara.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
S ciljem da se podigne
nivo Sector.
kvalitetaThe
prorauna,
prilikom
izrade
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
UNDP Country
Office
in inventara:
Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Podatke o aktivnostima smo dobijali iz raznih izvora uz izvrene dodatne provjera podataka,
in New Yorkkao
is providing
i dodatneexpertise
analize. and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Faktori emisije su koriteni u skladu s IPCC Uputstvom iz 1996. godine.
respective countries.

Koritena je CORINAIR metodologija, dok su istovremeno provjere raene IPCC metodologijom.


59

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

U okviru energetike, a u svrhu verificiranja dravne procjene emisija ugljendioksida zbog


izgaranja goriva, koriteni su i sektorski i referenti pristup. Razlika, izraena u procentima, je npr.
za 2001. godinu iznosila 9% u korist referentnog pristupa. Razlika u procentima za ova dva pristupa
iznosila je 1% za baznu 1990. godinu. Ovdje se mora napomenuti da su podaci za 1990. godinu,
prije ratnih dejstava u BiH, bili dostupni u zvaninim statistikama, energetskom bilansu BiH, kao
i u direktnim kontaktima s potroaima fosilnih goriva. Za 2001. godinu adekvatna razlika od 9%
detaljnije je objanjena ranije u procjenama nesigurnosti.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Takoer je izvreno usporeivanje proraunatih podataka za 2001. (zadnju godinu inventara)
requirements
sets in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how
to be implemented.
is followed
s podacima it
Meunarodne
energetske
statistike (IEA),
kaoit iisStudija
energetskog This
sektora
u BiH.
byPodaci
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
su dati u priloenoj Tabeli 13.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Total energija

- Referentni pristup BiH 2001.


1.1. WhyIEA e-Accessibility?

mil. tona CO2


13,2

- Referentni
pristup
2001.of barriers that people with
12,5
e-Accessibility isSNC
about
overcoming
theBiH
range
disabilities and others
such as older populations
experience
whenBiH,
seeking
to participate
terms in the Information
Studija Energetskog
sektora
S2 scenarij
2001* on equal 12,8
Society.
*procjena izvrena na osnovu podataka za 2000. godinu

Tabela
13. Usporedba
proraunatih
godinu
e-Accessibility can
potentially
refer to
any type ofpodataka
ICT usedzaby2001.
citizens,
and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Razlike od -5% (u odnosu na IEA Referentni pristup BiH 2001), odnosno -2,4% (Studija
television.
Up tosektora
15 percent
population
across
Europeantolerancije.
Union has a disability, such as a
Energetskog
BiH, of
S2the
scenarij
.2001*)
su uthe
granicama
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

60

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

3. Ocjena ranjivosti sektora


i prilagoavanje na
klimatske uvjete
1.2.izmijenjene
About this report

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

The specific
goals
of this report
Zemlje
u razvoju,
u kojeare:
se ubraja i Bosna i Hercegovina, pripadaju krugu onih koji su
osjetljivi na neeljen utjecaj globalnih klimatskih promjena, to su potvrdila i dosadanja istraivanja.
Procjene1.ukazuju
da e
BiH biti
izloeno
utjecajima
koji mogu imati
posljedice
po itavo
to outline
thepodruje
international
context
regarding
e-Accessibility
including
existing
legal
drutvo. Mogunosti zatite od tih utjecaja na lokalnom nivou dosta su ograniene, meutim brojne
instruments
and strategic
level documents;
su mogunosti
prilagoavanja
na izmijenjene
klimatske uvjete. Naznaena problematika globalnih
klimatskih
promjena
i
njihovog
utjecaja
pretpostavlja
definiranje
novih modela
ivotne
sredine,
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
versus
people
strategija razvoja, sektorskog i integralnog, na svim nivoima: lokalnom, regionalnom, entitetskom
with disabilities;
i dravnom, koji e imati obiljeje odrivog razvoja.
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
Ovo
se sastoji
od in
petthe
dijelova.
4. topoglavlje
identify good
practices
region;Dio 3.1. koristei podatke sa 22 meteoroloke
stanice, opisuje uoene klimatske promjene u Bosni i Hercegovini, ukljuujui promjene
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
temperature i padavina, kao i ekstremne vremenske prilike po oblastima i godinjim dobima. Dio
address
obstacles klimatskog
to e-Accessibility;
3.2. na osnovu
rezultatathe
regionalnog
modela i dva IPCC scenarija, predstavlja budue
- promjene
comply
requirements
for ithe
UN and EU.
klimatske
zawith
razdoblja
2001-2030
2071-2100.
Dio 3.3. opisuje ranjivost na klimatske
promjene i njihov utjecaj na pet kljunih oblasti: poljoprivreda, vodni resursi, zdravstvo, umarstvo
i biodiverzitet / osjetljivi ekosistemi, kao i na regionalni razvoj. Dio 3.4. analizira postojei kapacitet
za prilagoavanje.
kraju,
3.5. daje
pregled
potencijalnih
mjera prilagoavanja
na klimatske
This report Na
is part
of dio
a larger
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups in e-Governance,
promjene koje su identificirali eksperti, na osnovu postojeih nalaza i rezultata istraivanja, uz
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
saglasnost relevantnih institucija.
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

3.1. Osmotrene klimatske promjene u


Bosni i Hercegovini

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Ocjena osmotrenih klimatskih promjena je vrena na osnovu analize raspoloivih podataSecretariat,
capitalizing
their existing knowledge,
networks
and resources.
Empowering
ka dobijenih od
Federalnogonhidrometeorolokog
zavoda Bosne
i Hercegovine
i Republikog
hidroMarginalised
Groups
e-Governance
and
e-SEE
are positioned
within the
meteorolokog
zavodainRepublike
Srpske.
Zathe
analizu
su Secretariat
koriteni podaci
s 22 meteoroloke
staSocial
nice
koje su imale homogen
niz osmatranja
ili jeThe
biloUNDP
mogue
uraditiOffice
odgovarajuu
aproksimaciju.
DeInclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
Country
in Sarajevo
is working closely
terminiranje
promjene
klime
je
utvreno
na
bazi
analiza
promjene
temperature
zraka
i
koliine
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
padavina. Detaljno su analizirane: razlike srednjih godinjih temperatura zraka i koliine padavina
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
za razdoblje 1961-1990. i 1981-2010. godina, trendovi promjena temperature zraka i koliina pathe
Regional
e-Governance
(REGATA)
act aszagovernment
Focal Points for their
davina,
te njihovih
ekstrema Advisory
za BanjuTaskforce
Luku, Sarajevo
i Mostar
razdoblje 1960-2010.
respective countries.

61

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

3.1.1. Promjene temperature


Istraivanja promjena temperature za razdoblje 1961-2010. pokazuju da je prisutno
poveanje temperature u svim dijelovima zemlje. Na bazi komparativne analize za razdoblje 19812010. u odnosu na razdoblje 1961-1990. utvreno je da je najvee prosjeno poveanje temperature
tokom ljetnog razdoblja zabiljeeno u junom dijelu, na teritoriji Hercegovine (Mostar 1,2C) i u
centralnim dijelovima (Sarajevo 0,8S), dok je najvee poveanje u proljetnom i zimskom razdoblju
evidentirano
u sjevernim
drave (Banja
Luka 0,7C).
Najmanje
poveanjethe
je
This
section presents
ani centralnim
overview ofdijelovima
the UNCRPD,
its significance
and
main sections,
tokom
jeseni
i
kree
se
u
intervalu
od
0,1
do
0,3C
(Slika
5.).
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
Poveanje temperature zraka na godinjem nivou se kree u rasponu od 0,4 do 1,0C,
disability
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
dok porast
temperature
u vegetacijskom
razdoblju (april septembar) ide i do 1,0C. Meutim,

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

poveanja temperature tokom posljednje decenije jo su vie izraena (Tabela 14). Bitno je
naglasiti da je poveanje temperature, pored poveanja emisija plinova staklene bate, uvjetovano
i poveanom insolacijom i poveanjem efekta gradskog otoka toplote.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Slika 5. Promjene godinjih temperatura zraka u Bosni i Hercegovini
(poreenje razdoblja 1981-2010. u odnosu na 1961-1990.)

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Vegetaciono
Godina
Ljeto insufficient
Jesen effort
Zima
increase the disadvantages
certain
populationsProljee
face. Conversely,
in this
razdoblje
area is likely
to further marginalize
these
groups.10,9
1961-1990.
10,6
16,9
19,7
10.9
0,8
2. Improving
access to services,
public
a significant
proportion1,5
of the
1981-2010.
11,4
17,9and private,
11,6to such21,0
11,5
Banjapopulation
Luka
opens significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and0,3
can help public
services
fulfil
odstupanje
0,8
1,0
0,7
0,6
0,7
their remit in a cost effective manner.
2001-2010.

11,9

18,4

12,3

21,7

11,8

2,2

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

62

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce


the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Vegetaciono
Godina
Proljee
Ljeto
Jesen
Zima
razdoblje
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
1961-1990.

9,7

15,7

9,7

18,3

10,4

0,4

odstupanje

0,4

0,5

0,3

0,8

0,1

0,3

1981-2010.

15,2

21,2

14,3

24,7

15,5

6,2

0,7

1,2

0,2

0,3

14,9

25,3

15,5

6,5

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
1981-2010.
10,0
19,1
10,5
0,7
e-Services
and to lower10,1
the cost. 16,2

Sarajevo

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
2001-2010.
10,4
10,5
19,6
10,6Society in
1,1the EU
aspects of16,5
the development
of the
Information
convergence
of different
1961-1990.
14,6
20,3
13,6
23,5
15,3
5,9
and SEE countries.

odstupanje
0,9
1.2. About
this0,6report
Mostar

2001-2010.

15,5

21,8

The specific goals of this report are:

Tabela 14. Promjene temperature zraka (C) u Banjoj Luci, Sarajevu i Mostaru, 1961-2010. god.

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;

Tsr(C
)
Tsr(C
)able-bodied people versus people
2. to develop
a comparative picture of e-Accessibility
for
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

godinja
TsrGroups
godinjain e-Governance,
This report isTsr
part
of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Tsr(CInformation
)
in the implementation of the Inclusive
Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Tsradvisory
godinja role. Government-appointed members of
in New York is providing expertise and playing an
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.
Grafikon 17.
Promjene temperature zraka u Banjoj Luci, Sarajevu i Mostaru, razdoblje 1961-2010. godina

63

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

3.1.2. Promjene koliine padavina


U razdoblju 19612010. godina vei dio teritorije Bosne i Hercegovine karakterizira neznatno
poveanje koliine padavina na godinjem nivou. Najvea pozitivna promjena godinje koliine
padavina karakteristina je za centralne planinske prostore (Bjelanica, Sokolac) i okolicu Doboja,
dok je najvei deficit zabiljeen na jugu zemlje (Mostar, Bilea). Najvee smanjenje padavina je
tokom proljea i ljeta, a najizraenije je na podruju Hercegovine (do 20%). U jesenjem razdoblju
je osmotreno
najvee poveanje
padavina
po UNCRPD,
sezonama, its
a najvei
suficit jeand
u sjevernim
i centralnim
This
section presents
an overview
of the
significance
main sections,
the
dijelovima
BiH.
Iako
nisu
zabiljeene
signifikantne
promjene
koliine
padavina,
u
velikoj
mjeri
je
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
poremeen pluviometrijski reim, odnosno godinja raspodjela. Broj dana s padavinama veim
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
od 1 mm smanjio se na gotovo itavoj teritoriji, dok je procenat godinjih koliina padavina zbog
disability
in general
andod
e-Accessibility
particular.
pojave padavina
veih
95-procentne in
percentile
izraunate za razdoblje 1961-2010. bio u porastu.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Drugim rijeima, iako na godinjem nivou nisu zabiljeene znatne promjene padavina, smanjenjem
broja dana s padavinama veim od 1,0 mm i poveanjem broja dana s intenzivnim padavina je jako
poremeen pluviometrijski reim. Izraena promjena godinjeg rasporeda padavina uz poveanje
temperature jedan je od kljunih faktora koji uvjetuju ee i intenzivnije pojave sue i poplava na
e-Accessibility
overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
teritoriji Bosneisi about
Hercegovine.
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Slika 6. Promjene godinjih koliina padavina u Bosni i Hercegovini

1. It is worthwhile
in its own
right to1981-2010.
improve access
tona
services
to people who are already
(poreenje
razdoblja
u odnosu
1961-1990)
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Vegetacijski
increase the disadvantages
certain
populationsProljee
face. Conversely,
in this
Godina
Ljeto insufficient
Jesen effort
Zima
period
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
1961-1990.

1027

562

262

298

246

221

2001-2010.

1078

546

263

271

280

221

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
1981-2010.
1034
540
258
270
278
227
opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
Banja population
Luka
+7,0 manner.
-22,0
-4,0
-28,0
+32,0
+6,0
their remitodstupanje
in a cost effective
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

64

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Vegetacijski
Godina
Proljee
Jesenphones.Zima
prospects for migrating
web services
onto new
platforms Ljeto
such as mobile
period
1961-1990.
932 the easier
468 it is to integrate
226
242
241
223
4. The earlier
action is taken,
e-Accessibility
into development
of
e-Services
and to lower936
the cost. 472
1981-2010.
221
236
266
213
Sarajevo
odstupanje
-5,0and recommendations
-6,0
+25,0 will assist
-10,0in the
5. Pursuing
approaches+4,0
that follow+4,0
EU guidelines

aspects of514
the development
of the
Information
the EU
convergence
of different
2001-2010.
1014
226
252
304 Society in
226
and SEE countries.
1961-1990.
1523
522
379
196
450
497
1981-2010.

1405

502

1.2. About
this-78,0report
odstupanje
-20,0
Mostar

2001-2010.

1514

534

335

173

458

439

-39,0

-23,0

+8,0

-58,0

339

188

472

506

The specific goals of this report are:

Tabela 15. Promjene koliine padavina (mm) u Banjoj Luci, Sarajevu i Mostaru, 1961-2010. god.

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
Grafikon 18. Promjene koliine padavina u Banjoj Luci, Sarajevu i Mostaru, 1961-2010. godina
65

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

3.1.3. Klimatska varijabilnost i procjena ekstremnih


dogaaja

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Evidentan je trend poveanja tropskih dana (dani s maksimalnom dnevnom temperaturom


zraka preko 30C) na gotovo itavoj teritoriji (Grafikon 19)4. Najvie ovakvih dana je zabiljeeno
na na sjeveru zemlje (Posavina), centralnim dijelovima i Podrinju (Viegrad). Na podruju niske
Hercegovine
(predstavnik
Mostar)
pisutan
je blagiits
trend
poveanja and
tropskih
meutim
This
section presents
an Grad
overview
of the
UNCRPD,
significance
maindana,
sections,
the
u poslednjih 5 godina (2007-2012) registrirane su ekstremno visoke temperature i preko 40C.
requirements
it setsiako
in allnije
aspects
of e-Accessibility
how it is broja
to be implemented.
is followed
Drugim rijeima,
prisutan
izraen trendand
poveanja
tropskih danaThis
zabiljeeno
je
bypoveanje
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
uestalosti temperatura preko 40C.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost
effective
manner. broj tropskih dana (tmax>30C)
Grafikon
19. Prosjean
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
the marginalized
could
also
4 Federalni
hidrometeoroloki
zavod FBiH,for
Republiki
hidrometeoroloki
zavod
RS
2

66

lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;ekstremnih
it can reduce the
cost of webpadavina
service development, and enhance the
3.1.3.1.
Procjena
dnevnih
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Najvie dnevne koliine padavina u razdoblju 1961-2011. imaju sljedee vrijednosti: u
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
Banjoj Luci 156 mm, Mostaru 127 mm i Sarajevu 118 mm. Prosjean maksimum padavina za
e-Services
and Luci
to lower
cost.
ist razdoblje
u Banjoj
je 54the
mm,
Mostaru 79 mm i Sarajevu 50 mm. Povratno razdoblje za
navedene iznose je oko 1.000 godina. Iako je mala vjerovatnoa da e doi do poveanja apsolutno
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
maksimalnih dnevnih koliina padavina, poveanje broja dana s padavinama preko 10,0 mm
of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
ukazuje convergence
na ozbiljnost problema.
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


In(T) 8

Banja Luka

The specific
7 goals of this report are:
6

156 mm

1.5to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
4
instruments
and strategic level documents;
3

2.2to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied


people versus people
1960-2011
with
1 disabilities;
3.0to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
40 good
50practices
60
70
90
100 110 120 130 140
150 160
4.-1to30identify
in the 80
region;
-2
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
-3
maksimum
dnevnih padavina: mm/dan
address theGodinji
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
-4
--5
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Mostar
5
in theIn(T)
implementation
of the Inclusive Information
Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
4
regional action
plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
3 the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
priorities of
2

1960-2011

1 project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


The
0 capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Secretariat,
-1
30Groups
40 in e-Governance
50
60
70 the80e-SEE90Secretariat
100
110
120
140
130within
Marginalised
and
are positioned
the Social
-2
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
-3
Godinji
maksimum
dnevnih
padavina:
mm/dan
with the fellow UNDP Country
Offices
in the region,
while
the Office
of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
-4
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
-5
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

67

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

In(T) 6
5

Sarajevo

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
4
3
2

1960-2011

1 presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
This section
0 it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
requirements
-1 30
50 instruments
60
70 and80actions
90 at 100
110
120
140
by a description
of 40
the major
the European
Union130
level relating
to
-2
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
-3

Godinji maksimum dnevnih padavina: mm/dan

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

Grafikon 20. Grafik empirijske funkcije raspodjele maksimalnih dnevnih padavina

e-Accessibility is about uovercoming


range
of barriers
that people
with disabilities and others
Banjoj Luci, the
Mostaru
i Sarajevu
za razdoblje
1961-2011.
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

3.1.4. Analiza padavina i sua na teritoriji BiH na osnovu


e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Standardiziranog indeksa padavina (SPI)
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.Termin
Up to 15
percent
population
across the European
Unionispod
has aprosjeka),
disability,hidroloku
such as a
sua
moe of
se the
odnositi
na meteoroloku
suu (padavine
visual,
speech, icognitive,
or motorpoljoprivrednu
impairment, and
SEE
countries can
to have ai
suu hearing,
(mali protjecaji
niski vodostaji),
suu
(nedovoljno
vlageexpect
u zemljitu)
predeonu
suu (kombinacija
similar
or higher
proportion. prethodnih). Za potrebe SNC je analizirana meteoroloka sua preko
Standardiziranog indeksa padavina (SPI)5.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
Analizirani su podaci za mreu od osam meteorolokih stanica, i to: Biha, Banju Luku,
this
area.
At the highest
international level,
theLivno,
UNCRPD,
ratified
and coming
into force
in 2008, is
Doboj
i Bijeljinu
u Peripanonskom
obodu,
Mostar
i Bileu
u Hercegovini
i Sarajevo
u
the
relevant legal
context. No single
directive
is dedicated
e-Accessibility,
but actions
are
centralnom
brdsko-planinskom
dijeluEU
Bosne
i Hercegovine.
Kaotoreferentno
razdoblje
za SPI uzet
je isti across
niz od 50
godina
a Without
u obraduFrontiers
su uzete(for
svesubtitling),
sune (SPI<=-1)
i vlane Directive
(SPI=>1)
spread
areas
such(1961-2010),
as Television
the Copyright
vrijednosti
vremenske
(za Framework
SPI1, SPI3 i (for
SPI12).
(for
copyrightodreene
exemptions),
and theduine
Telecoms
assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
U razdoblju od 1961. do 2010. na stanicama u Hercegovini (Livno, Mostar i Bilea) linearni
Furthermore,
are afoot to
strengthen
these and sunosti),
to enact more
legislation.
trend SPI12 moves
je bio negativan
(dolo
je do poveanja
ali promjene
nisu bile statistiki
znaajne. Na ostalim stanicama zabiljeen je pozitivan linearni trend, ali je jedino u Bijeljini bio
statistiki
znaajan.
Najvei
prostor
sua je zauzimala
je sedam stanica
There
is at least
a five-fold
justification
for early 2000.
actioni 2003.
in the godine,
area of kada
e-Accessibility:
istovremeno pokazivalo vrijednosti SP12 nie ili jednako od -1.
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
5 Pokazatelj
Standardiziran
indeks padavina
(SPI) je populations
razvijen za potrebe
definiranja
i osmatranja
sue (McKee
et al.
increase
the disadvantages
certain
face.
Conversely,
insufficient
effort
in1993).
this
Na osnovu dugoronih osmatranja mogue je analizirati pojavu sue u odreenom vremenskom intervalu (mjesec,
area
is likely
further marginalize
these groups.
sezona,
godina,
itd.), ito
te vrijednosti
usporeivati s vrijednostima
bilo koje regije. Dui vremenski intervali se primjenjuju
za analizu ekstremnih padavina. Poetak sue se identificira tako to se posmatra "korak nazad. Naime, pojava sue
Improving
access
to javlja
services,
publicuand
to suchSPI<=-1.
a significant
proportion
of the
ima 2.
svoju
potvrdu samo
ako se
kontinuirano
serijiprivate,
s vrijednostima
Suno razdoblje
prestaje
kad
vrijednost
SPI
postane
pozitivna.
Svaka
sua
se
karakterizira:
a)
vremenskim
intervalom
(1,
2,
3,
6,
12,
24
mjeseca),
tj.
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
brojem uzastopnih pojavljivanja vrijednosti SPI<=-1; b) trajanjem sue, to predstavlja vrijeme izmeu poetka i kraja
remit in sue,
a cost
effective
manner.
sue;their
c) kategorijom
koja
se odreuje
vrijednou SPI indeksa; d) veliinom sue, koja se izraunava sumom
indeksa SPI za svaki mjesec od poetka do kraja sunog razdoblja; e) intenzitetom sue, to predstavlja odnos izmeu
3. Improving
e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
veliine
i trajanja pojave.

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able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects3,00
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
2,00 action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
4. The earlier
e-Services and to lower the cost.
1,00

2009

2006

2003

2000

1997

1994

1991

1988

1985

1982

1979

1976

1973

1970

1967

1964

1961

SPI

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
0,00
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
-1,00
and SEE countries.
-2,00

1.2. About
this report
-3,00
The specific goals of this report are:

Grafikon 21. Meugodinje promjene SPI12 na meteorolokoj stanici Bijeljina

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


U prvom Nacionalnom izvjetaju je inae konstatirano da se znaajne promjene mogu
and
level
documents;
vidjeti u instruments
Mostaru, gdje
sustrategic
prosjene
koliine
padavina u razdoblju 1982-2007. znatno nie nego u
razdoblju
svim mjesecima,
osim
u septembru. for able-bodied people versus people
2. 1956-1981.
to develop au comparative
picture
of e-Accessibility
with disabilities;
Analiza linearnog trenda za SPI3 za februar (meteoroloka zima) pokazuje da je u
posmatranom
razdoblju
na stanicama
Hercegovini (Livno,
Mostar i Bilea),
kao i u Sarajevu i
3. to assess
the current
level ofue-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
Doboju, prisutan silazni trend SPI (dolo je do poveanja sunosti), ali promjene nisu bile statistiki
4. to identify good practices in the region;
znaajne. U Bihau, Banjoj Luci i Bijeljini trend je nesignifikantno pozitivan. U zimskoj sezoni
5. tosu
develop
a set
of recommendations
for cirkulacije
governmentNAO
and iother
stakeholders
on how to:
zabiljeene
najbolje
korelacije
s parametrima
AO, pri
emu je koeficijent
- ponovo
address
the najvie
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
korelacije
dostigao
vrijednosti
izmeu AO i SPI3 za Mostar od -0.73.
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
Linearni trend SPI3 za maj (meteoroloko proljee) ni na jednoj stanici nije statistiki
znaajan, a nema ni odreene geografske pravilnosti u znaku trenda. Najvei prostor sua je
zauzimala
Togisproljea
je zabiljeena
na svih osam
stanica, a ak
na sedam
je zabiljeen
This2003.
report
part of asua
larger
project, Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
apsolutni minimum vrijednosti SPI, tako da se u svakom pogledu moe smatrati ekstremnom.
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
Slika 7. Prostorni raspored sue u jugoistonoj Evropi (SPI3 za maj 2003)
http://www.dmcsee.org/en/spi/?year=2003&month=May&TimeScale=3&DataType=GPCC

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Linearni trend SPI3 za august (meteoroloko ljeto) je negativan na veini stanica (pet),
dakle, dolo je do poveanja sunosti pri emu je za Biha i Bileu trend statistiki signifikantan.
Najvei intenzitet sua je imala 2000. kada je na stanicama Banja Luka, Bijeljina, Sarajevo i Livno
zabiljeena apsolutno najnia vrijednost SPI.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Slika 8. Prostorni raspored sue u jugoistonoj Evropi (SPI3 za august 2000)
television.http://www.dmcsee.org/en/spi/?year=2000&month=
Up to 15 percent of the population across the European
Union has a disability, such as a
Avg&TimeScale=3&DataType=GPCC
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
Na est od osam stanica posljednja dekada figurira kao dekada s najveim brojem sunih
ljeta, to nesumnjivo pokazuje da je u posljednjoj dekadi dolo do poveanja uestalosti ljetnih
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
sua. Meutim, ako se u razmatranje uzmu i vlana ljeta, vidi se da na pet stanica posljednja
this
area.samostalno
At the highest
level,
the sUNCRPD,
coming
force
in 2008,
is
dekada
ili sinternational
jo nekom ini
dekadu
najveim ratified
brojem and
vlanih
ljeta.into
Dakle,
osim
sunih,
the
relevant legal
context.
No single
EU directive
is dedicated
butdaactions
are
u posljednjoj
dekadi
se poveala
i uestalost
vlanih
ljeta, totojee-Accessibility,
doprinijelo tome
je dekada
2001-2010.
na
est
stanica
imala
najvei
broj
ekstremnih
ljeta
u
pogledu
koliine
padavina.
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
8
Furthermore,
moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
7
6 There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
5

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
3 marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
2 increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
1 area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
4

2009

2006

2003

2000

1997

1994

1991

1988

1985

1982

1979

1976

1973

1970

1967

1964

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
1961

Grafikone-Accessibility
22. Meugodinje
broja meteorolokih
stanica
3. Improving
forpromjene
the marginalized
could also
leadsatoSPI12<=-1
improved access for
2

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able-bodied
can reduce
the cost ofjesen)
web service
development,
and enhance
the
Linearni
trendpeople;
SPI3 za itnovembar
(meteoroloka
je pozitivnog
znaka na svim
stanicama,
osim u Livnu,
pri
emu
je
u
Bijeljini
i
statistiki
signifikantan.
I
pored
toga
to
je
trend
za
itavo
posmaprospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
trano razdoblje bio pozitivan, jedina jesen kada su sve stanice biljeile suu bila je pri kraju razdoblja,
The earlier
action
taken,Luci
the easier
it is
to integrate
e-Accessibility
intovrijednost
development
i to 2006.4.godine,
pri emu
je uisBanjoj
i Doboju
zabiljeena
apsolutno
minimalna
SPI. of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the

3.2. Projekcije
klimatskih
promjena
aspects of the development
of the Information
Society in the EU
convergence of differentbuduih

and SEE countries.


Jedan od osnovnih zadataka u Drugoj nacionalnoj komunikaciji Bosne i Hercegovine
prema UNFCCC je razvoj klimatskih modela i izbor adekvatnih scenarija promjene klime u
budunosti. U ovom izvjetaju su predstavljeni rezultati regionalnog klimatskog modela EBUPOM iz eksperimenata promjene budue klime, dobijeni metodom dinamikog skaliranja rezultata
dva globalna klimatska modela atmosfere i okeana SINTEX-G i ECHAM5. Fokusirali smo se na
rezultate
iz eksperimenata/scenarija
The
specific
goals of this report are: A1B i A2. U odnosu na koncentraciju plinova staklene bae
A1B je okarakteriziran ako srednji a A2 kao visoki scenarij. Scenariji A1B i A2 su definirani
specijalnim izvjetajem IPCC-a o emisionim scenarijima (Nakicenovic and Swart, 2000) u okviru
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
kojega su date mogue budue emisije plinova staklene bate kao posljedice budueg tehnolokog,
instruments
and strategic
level documents;
socijalnog
i ekonomskog
razvoja, zasnovanog
na ljudskim aktivnostima.

1.2. About this report

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


Vrijednosti koncentracije CO2, jednog od plinova staklene bate, na kraju dvadeset prvog
disabilities;
vijeka zawith
scenarij
A1B kreu se oko 690 ppm, a za A2 scenarij oko 850 ppm. Rezultati iz modela
analizirani
su
za
vremenske
isjeke
2001-2030.
i 2071-2100.
Izvjetaj je usmjeren
na promjene dva
3. to assess the current
level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
osnovna prizemna meteoroloka parametra, temperature na dva metra i akumuliranih padavina.
4. to identify good practices in the region;
Promjene ovih parametara su prikazane u odnosu na srednje vrijednosti iz tzv. baznog (standardnog)
5.1961-1990.
to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
razdoblja
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

3.2.1. A1B scenarij, 2001-2030.

Prema
rezultatima
srednje sezonske
temperature
tokom
posmatranog
This
report
is part ofmodela
a largerpromjene
project, Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
tridesetogodinjeg razdoblja 2001-2030. kreu se u opsegu od +0,6 do +1,4C, u zavisnosti od sezone i
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
oblasti Bosne i Hercegovine. Najvee promjene su tokom sezone JJA, s vrijednostima od +1,4 na sjeveru
the
UNDP
Countrydijelovima.
Office in Bosnia
andDJF
Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP
NY, and ufunded
by the
i +1,1C
u junim
Za sezonu
promjene su
oko +0,7C
s maksimumom
centralnim
UNDPs
Governance
Thematic
toodnosu
supportnathe
South
Eastern Europe
region
dijelovimaDemocratic
BiH. Za sezonu
MAM promjene
suTrust
netoFund
vee u
DJF
s vrijednostima
od +0,8
do
+0,9.
SON je okarakterizirana
promjenom
od +0,6
do +0,8
idui od
istoka
ka zapadu
zemlje. the
in
theSezona
implementation
of the Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority
Area
of the
e-SEE Agenda+,
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
Slika 9. Promjena srednje godinje temperature u C (lijevo) i padavina u % (desno)
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Iz slika promjena padavina vidimo da rezultati modela pokazuju i negativne i pozitivne


promjene ove veliine. Pozitivne promjene padavina, odnosno njihovo poveanje, moe se vidjeti za
sezonu MAM, i to za sjeverni i sjeveroistoni dio, +5%, i za JJA sezonu skoro na cijeloj teritoriji, s
maksimumom od +15%, osim jugoistoka. Najvei deficit je du jugozapadne granice BiH s maksi
mumom od -20%.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Na godinjem nivou promjena temperature se kree u granicama od 0,8 do 1C s veim vrije


dnostima
na sjeveru
i zapadu
zemlje (Slika
9). UNCRPD,
Promjena padavina
na godinjem
negativnathe
na
This section
presents
an overview
of the
its significance
and nivou
main jesections,
cijeloj teritoriji, od 0 do -10%, osim sjeveroistoka gdje je promjena pozitivna, i to do +5%.
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

3.2.2. A1B scenarij, 2071-2100.

Rezultati za scenarij A1B i razdoblje 2071-2100. pokazuju da je prostorna struktura


1.1.
Why
e-Accessibility?
promjene
odgovarajuih
parametara, posebno temperature, slina kao za prethodno posmatrano

razdoblje 2001-2030,
s veom magnitudom
promjena.
promjena
temperature
seothers
kree
e-Accessibility
is aboutaliovercoming
the range of
barriers Ovaj
that put
people
with disabilities
and
u opsegu od +1,8 do +3,6C. Najvee promjene od +3,6C su ponovo za sezonu JJA. Tokom zimske
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
sezone (DJF) maksimum je opet u centralnim regijama, s vrijednostima do 2,4C. Za MAM sezonu
Society.
ove promjene se kreu od 2,4 do 2,6C, na cijeloj teritoriji. Konano, za sezonu SON promjene su u

granicama od 2,0 do 2,4C.


e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Slika 10. Promjena srednje godinje temperature u C (lijevo) i padavina u % (desno)

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Tokom ovog razdoblja skoro da ne postoji sezona ili oblast koja je okarakterizirana pozitivnom
1. It ispadavina.
worthwhile
in its
own right
to improve
access
to services
to speople
who are
anomalijom
Velike
negativne
anomalije
imaju
sezone
DJF i SON
promjenama
odalready
-15 do
marginalized.
helps fulfil the promise
of theod
Information
Society
to reduce
rather
than
-50%. MAM
sezona jeItokarakterizirana
vrijednostima
priblino -10%
na cijeloj
teritoriji.
Deficit
tokom increase
sezone JJA
vei u junim certain
nego u populations
sjevernim oblastima
i kree seinsufficient
u granicama
u opsegu
thejedisadvantages
face. Conversely,
effort
in this
od -30area
do 0%.
is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2.Na
Improving
access
services,temperature
public and private,
a significant
of the
godinjem
nivou to
promjena
se kreetousuch
granicama
od 2,4 proportion
do 2,8C s veim
vrijednostima
na jugu
i zapadu
zemlje
(Slika 10). Promjena
padavina
nacan
godinjem
nivouservices
je negativna
population
opens
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and
help public
fulfil
na cijeloj
teritoriji,
od
-30
do
-10%.
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

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konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
3.2.3.
A2 scenarij, 2071-2100.
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Na osnovu scenarija A2 za razdoblje 2071-2100. se oekuje poveanje temperature na
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
itavoj teritoriji BiH u granicama od 2,4 do 4,8C. Najvee poveanje je tokom JJA sezone na sjeveru
e-Services
and4,8C.
to lower
the cost.
s vrijednostima
preko
Za sezonu
DJF maksimalna promjena iznosi oko 3,6C. Sezona MAM
ima vrijednosti
od
3,4
do
3,6C.
A
tokom
sezone
SON promjene
su opet vee na zapadu
zemlje
i
5. Pursuing approaches that follow
EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist
in the
iznose izmeu 2,8 i 3C. Tokom svih sezona osim DJF za scenarij A2 imamo negativnu anomaliju u
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
polju akumuliranih padavina, preko cijele teritorije. Tokom sezone DJF imamo pozitivnu anomaliju
SEE teritoriji
countries.
skoro naand
cijeloj
u opsegu od 0 do +30%, osim jugoistoka. Najvee promjene po ovom
scenariju su za sezonu JJA s vrijednostima od -50%. Tokom sezona MAM i SON anomalije se kreu
od -30 do 0%.

1.2. About this report

Na godinjem nivou promjena temperature se kree u granicama od 3,4 do 3,8S (Slika 11).
Promjena padavina na godinjem nivou je negativna na cijeloj teritoriji, od -15 do 0%.
The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


Slika
11. Promjenainsrednje
godinje
u C (lijevo)
i padavina
u %project
(desno) designed by
that is being
implemented
the context
of temperature
the e-SEE Initiative.
It is
a regional
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Rezultati scenarija prema SINTEX-5 i ECHAM5 modelima ukazuju na trend poveanja
priorities
of the
are therefore
fully
with the
targets ofdo
e-SEE
temperature
do project
2030. godine
u odnosu
naaligned
bazni period
1961-1990,
1,0CAgenda+.
na godinjem nivou

3.2.4. Sumarni prikaz scenarija

na itavoj teritoriji Bosne i Hercegovine. Najvee poveanje oekuje se u ljetnom razdoblju (junibeing implemented
by theprema
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE Initiative
avgust),The
do project
1,4C. Uisperiodu
2071-2100. godina
scenariju A2
oekuje se rapidan
porast
Secretariat,
their existing
networks
and
resources. Empowering
temperature,capitalizing
i to do 4C naongodinjem
nivou, knowledge,
te do ak 4,8C
u ljetnom
razdoblju.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Modeli ukazuju na nejednake promjene koliine padavina. U centralnim i planinskim
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
podrujima oekuje se blago poveanje padavina, dok se na ostalim podrujima oekuje smanjenje
with
the fellow
UNDP
Country
in the
region, while
theoekuje
Office ofseSenior
ICT Advisor
at the BDP
padavina.
Prema
scenariju
A2 Offices
u periodu
2071-2100.
godina
smanjenje
padavinama
na
in
New York
is providing
expertise
and
playing oekuje
an advisory
Government-appointed
members
itavaoj
teritotiji
BiH. Najvei
deficit
padavina
se urole.
ljetnom
periodu koji moe iznositi
i doof
50%Regional
u odnosue-Governance
na bazni period
1961-1990.
the
Advisory
Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

73

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

A1B 2001-2030.

A1B 2071-2100.

A2 2071-2100.

DJF

0,6 0,9

1,8 2,4

2,4 3,6

MAM

0,8 0,9

2,4 2,6

3,4 3,8

JJA

1,1 1,4

3,4 3,6

4,6 >4,8

SON

0,5 0,9

2,0 2,4

2,8 3,2

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
GODINA
0,8 1,0
2,8be implemented. 3,4
3,8
requirements
it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility
and how 2,4
it isto
This
is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
Tabela 16. Promjena temperature u C SINTEX -5 model
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
A1B 2001-2030.
A1B 2071-2100.
1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

A2 2071-2100.

DJF

0,2 0,5

3 3,8

3,2 4

SON

0,9 1,1

3,4 3,8

3,8 4,2

A1B 2001-2030

A1B 2071-2100

A2 2071-2100

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
MAM
< 0,2 seeking to participate
2,2 2,6
3,2
such
as older populations experience when
on equal terms in 2,6
theInformation
Society.
JJA
0,5 0,8
4 4,2
4,4 4,8
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
GODINA
0,4 0,6
3,2 3,6
3,6 4,0
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent
of the
across thepo
European
Union
has a disability, such as a
Tabela
17. population
Promjena temperature
C ECHAM5
model
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
-15 -5
-50 -10
-5 30
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
MAM
-10 5
-15 0
-30 0
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
JJA across areas such as Television
-5 Without
15
-30 subtitling),
0
-50 0Directive
spread
Frontiers (for
the Copyright
(forSON
copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms
assistive
e-Accessibility
-10 20 Framework (for-50
-15 technologies).-30
0
is also
covered by policy, and guidelines
exist for programmatic
GODINA
-20 10 and benchmarking
-30 -10
-15 0 support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
DJF

Tabela 18. Promjena padavina u % po SINTEX -5 modelu

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
A1B 2001-2030

A1B 2071-2100

A2 2071-2100

-10 10

-50 -20

-50 -20

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
of the Information
than
DJF marginalized. It helps fulfil the
0 promise
10
-15 5 Society to reduce
-30 rather
15
insufficient
MAM increase the disadvantages certain
0 15 populations face.-5Conversely,
15
-10effort
10 in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
JJA

and private, -30


to such
SON 2. Improving access to services,
-10 public
5
-5 a significant proportion
-20 0 of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
GODINA
-5 10
-15 -5
-20 -5
their remit in a cost effective manner.
Tabela 19. Promjena
u % po C
ECHAM5
3. Improving e-Accessibility
for thepadavina
marginalized
could
also modelu
lead to improved access for
2

74

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
3.3. Utjecaji
klimatskih promjena po
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4.sektorima
The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
Sektori koji su najranjiviji na klimatske promjene u Bosni i Hercegovini su: poljoprivreda,
5. Pursuing
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
andekosistemi.
recommendations
will assist
in the
vodni resursi,
zdravlje
ljudi, umarstvo,
biodiverzitet
i osjetljivi
U tom smislu
obavljene
su detaljne
analize
dugoronih
klimatskih
promjena
u
ovim
sektorima.
Procjene
su
zasnovane
EU
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in thena
SRES klimatskim
scenarijima
A1B
i
A2
koji
su
izraeni
za
Bosnu
i
Hercegovinu
za
potrebe
Drugog
and SEE countries.
nacionalnog izvjetaja (SNC). Za svaki sektor identificirane su predloene mjere prilagoavanja
na osnovu strunog konsenzusa, konsultacija sa zainteresovanim stranama i analize relevantnih
istraivanja.

1.2. About this report

U ovom poglavlju razmatra se i potencijalna finansijska i tehnoloka podrka ovim mjerama, specific
jer je ekonomska
situacija
Bosni i Hercegovini takva da e za realizaciju mnogih mjera priThe
goals of this
reportuare:
lagoavanja biti neophodna spoljna pomo. Bosna i Hercegovina je zemlja u razvoju, a njene emisije gasova s efektom staklenika (GHG) znatno su nie nego u referentnoj 1991. godini, uglavnom
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
zbog ratnog razdoblja 19921995. te oteenja i restrukturiranja industrije. Meutim, iako je utjeinstruments
andna
strategic
documents;
caj Bosne
i Hercegovine
globalnelevel
klimatske
promjene zanemarljiv, njena je privreda pod velikim
pritiskom
klimatskih
promjena.
Zbog of
takve
situacije prilagoavanja
na klimatske
promjene,
2. usljed
to develop
a comparative
picture
e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people versus
people
prije svega u prethodno pomenutim kljunim sektorima, treba da predstavljaju imperativ u borbi
with disabilities;
protiv klimatskih promjena. Odreivanje prioritetnih mjera identificiranih kroz analizu trokova i
koristi, predviena
kaocurrent
aktivnost
u toku
izrade Treegand
nacionalnog
izvjetaja.
3. to assessjethe
level
of e-Accessibility
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

3.3.1. Poljoprivreda

3.3.1.1. Utjecaji na poljoprivredu na osnovu klimatskih scenarija

Poljoprivreda je privredna grana koja je openito najranjivija na klimatske promjene (Spasova


This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
et all, 2007, Majstorovic, 2008, Trbic 2012) s obzirom na klimatsku osjetljivost ovog sektora, udio
that
is being implemented
in the
of theu e-SEE
Initiative.
a regional
project designed
poljoprivrede
u ekonomiji BiH,
brojcontext
zaposlenih
ovom sektoru,
teIts is
njim
blisko povezana
socijalno-by
the
UNDP Country
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
ekonomska
pitanja Office
sigurnog
snabdijevanja
hranom. supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Zbog raznolike of
topografije
i raznovrsnosti
BiH,
scenariji
moraju
u obzir
preovlaujue
in the implementation
the Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority
Areauzeti
of the
e-SEE
Agenda+, the
obrasce koritenja zemljita u svakom od regiona u zemlji. Na primjer, prognozirano smanjenje
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
izuzetno hladnih zima i mrazeva koji se javljaju krajem proljea i poetkom jeseni pogodovalo bi
priorities
of uthe
project are therefore
fully aligned
with the
targets
of znatno
e-SEE smanjene
Agenda+. u scenariju
vonjacima
sjeverozapadnoj
BiH. Navedene
klimatske
pojave
bile bi

A1B (20012030). U scenariju A1B (20012030.) predvia se produenje vegetacionog razdoblja


project is being
by the
e-SEE
Initiative
(dana sThe
temperaturom
iznadimplemented
5C) u nizijama
sa Sarajevo-based
32 na 75 dana, UNDP-funded
kao i produenje
razdoblja
s
temperaturama
iznad 20Consatheir
38 naexisting
69 dana (Federalni
hidrometeoroloki
zavod FBIH,Empowering
Republiki
Secretariat,
capitalizing
knowledge,
networks and resources.
hidrometeoroloki
zavod
RS), to moe and
pozitivno
utjecati
na visinu prinosa,
kao i nawithin
kvalitet
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
the e-SEE
Secretariat
are positioned
theusjeva
Social
uope. Poveanje minimalne temperature, tj. broja dana s fizioloki aktivnim temperaturama, takoe
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
moe omoguiti uzgoj kasnih usjeva, ime se obezbjeuju vei prinosi i usjevi koji su pogodniji za
with
the fellow
UNDPovog
Country
Offices
in theukazuju
region,na
while
the
Office of Senior
ICTkoje
Advisor
the
BDP
skladitenje.
Nalazi
scenarija
takoe
to da
klimatske
promjene
utiuatna
juni
in
is providing
expertise
and playing
anmaksimizirati
advisory role.poljoprivrednu
Government-appointed
members
dioNew
BiH,York
odnosno
na region
Hercegovine,
mogu
proizvodnju
i irenjeof
mediteranskih
sorti usjeva. Advisory
Poto poljoprivredni
proizvodi act
ineasznaajan
dio aktuelnog
uvoza,
ovi
the
Regional e-Governance
Taskforce (REGATA)
government
Focal Points
for their
preduslovi
za
izvoz
bi
u
konanici
mogli
smanjiti
spoljnotrgovinski
deficit.
respective countries.

75

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Pozitivni utjecaji se mogu oekivati na voe iz potporodice Maloideae (prije svega jabuke
i kruke) i, u izvjesnoj mjeri, na obinu vinovu lozu. Pozitivni utjecaji se mogu oekivati i kada su
u pitanju batenske kulture, naroito one koje se proizvode u staklenicima, gdje e u toku proi
zvodnih ciklusa biti potrebno znatno manje toplotne energije. Poveani prinosi e takoe poveati konkurentnost u poreenju s kulturama koji se trenutno uvoze iz zemalja s toplijim klimatskim
uslovima i niim trokovima proizvodnje.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

U okviru ispitanih scenarija mogu se oekivati i negativni utjecaji. Dok produenje vege
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
tacionog razdoblja kod ratarskih kultura moe utjecati na poveanje prinosa ozimih usjeva,
requirements
it sets in niskih
all aspects
of e-Accessibility
how it strane,
is to be implemented.
This is followed
odsustvo optimalnih
temperatura
(010C),and
s druge
moe imati negativan
utjecaj
bynaa proces
description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
jarovizacije. Kada je, na primjer, u pitanju kotiavo voe, toplije zime mogu dovesti do
smanjenja
prinosa and
zboge-Accessibility
nedostatka optimalnog
zimskog hlaenja. Ljetni usjevi mogu biti ugroeni
disability
in general
in particular.
viim temperaturama vazduha i ljetnim suama. Pored toga, prema regionalnom scenariju klima
tskih promjena A1B (20012030), oekuje se i poveanje uestalosti obilnih padavina praenih
olujama, to e biti propraeno znatnim spiranjem povrinskog sloja zemljita i salinizacijom
zemljita, prvenstveno u junim dijelovima BiH. Ove e promjene u datim regionima izazvati daljnje
prorjeivanje panjaka
i smanjenje the
prinosa
stone
hrane,that
to moe
do slabijegand
kvaliteta
e-Accessibility
is about overcoming
range
of barriers
peopledovesti
with disabilities
othersi
smanjenja
mlijeka,
naroito when
u malih
preivara.
such
as olderprinosa
populations
experience
seeking
to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
Ovi utjecaji e zahtijevati velike promjene u smislu poljoprivredne opreme i praks, kao i
dodatnog rada na odabiranju i uvoenju novih sorti prilagoenih novonastalim klimatskim uslovima.
e-Accessibility
can potentially
referobaviti
to anyitype
of ICTispitivanja
used by citizens,
andse
involves
everything
U dugoronom
razdoblju
bie potrebno
terenska
sorti koje
trenutno
ne gaje
ili
se
gaje
samo
u
vrlo
ogranienim
podrujima
BiH.
Jedan
takav
primjer
je
obini
sirak
(Sorghum
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
vulgare var.
imapopulation
veliku ekonomsku
vrijednost
kaoUnion
energetski
usjev (biogas)
kaoa
television.
Up Sudanense),
to 15 percentkoji
of the
across the
European
has a disability,
suchi as
stona hrana za preivare.
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar orToplija
higheri suvlja
proportion.
klima e sigurno smanjiti irenje fitopatogenih gljiva (kojima pogoduju este
padavine i visoka relativna vlanost), to e olakati suzbijanje odreenih biljnih bolesti. Meutim,
suvlja A
klima
e zahtijevati
promjene
poljoprivredne
tehnologije,
kaoand
toguidelines
je intenziviranje
perhaps
surprising
numberuofkoritenju
international
agreements,
regulations
cover
navodnjavanja, to moe poveati uestalost nekih fitopatogenih bakterija. Tretiranje ovih bakterija
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
moe poveati trokove proizvodnje, a kada mjere suzbijanja ukljuuju i karantin (kao to je sluaj
the
relevant legal
context. No
single EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
actions
are
s Ralstonia
solanacearum
i Clavibacter
michiganensis
ssp. sepedonicus
(Spiec. ibut
Kot.),
to moe
spread
across areas
such
as Television
Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
prouzrokovati
znaajne
finansijske
gubitke.
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Pored toga,
blage zime
doprinijeti
rasprostranjenosti
tetnih
insekata (nasupport.
primjer,
is also covered
by policy,
andmogu
guidelines
andveoj
benchmarking
exist for
programmatic
intenzivnija migracija jednog od najopasnijih tetoina za kotiavo voe, Capondis tenebrionsis,
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
iz june BiH ka sjevernoj BiH), pa ak i pojavi novih tetoinskih vrsta koje bi mogle zahtijevati
mjere za suzbijanje koje bi znaajno poveale trokove proizvodnje ili ak otetile viegodinje
is at least
a five-fold
justification
for early
action
in the termofilnih
area of e-Accessibility:
biljke.There
Na primjer,
toplija
klima moe
omoguiti
irenje
invazivnih
korova kao to su
Amorpha fructicosa, Ambrosia sp., Xanthim strumarium, Helianthus tuberosus i drugih, stvarajui
tako znatne
za suzbijanje
1. It istrokove
worthwhile
in its owntetoina.
right to improve access to services to people who are already

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Ukupna koliina, distribucija i intenzitet padavina od izuzetnog su znaaja za obezbjeivanje
increase
the disadvantages
populations
face.
insufficient
effort
in this
optimalnog retencijskog
kapacitetacertain
zemljita
za vodu. Ako
seConversely,
tokom razdoblja
sue ne
obezbijedi
areanavodnjavanje
is likely to further
marginalize
groups.
adekvatno
usjeva,
smanjenithese
prinosi
ili ak potpuni gubitak prinosa bie neizbjeni
ukoliko suvo vrijeme pogodi usjeve tokom osjetljive fenofaze. Drugim rijeima, izuzetno suvo
Improving
access moe
to services,
public
and private,
to isuch
a significant
proportion
the
vrijeme2.tokom
opraivanja
potpuno
sprijeiti
oplodnju
formiranje
sjemena
te omestiofrast
significant
can help public
services
fulfil
usjeva.population
U prolosti,opens
sue su
pogaalemarket/sales
BiH svakih triopportunities,
do pet godina,and
a u zavisnosti
od njihovog
trajanja
i jainetheir
prinosi
su uinprosjeku
bili smanjeni
za 30 do 95 posto. Sue su zabiljeene 1992, 1995. i 1998.
remit
a cost effective
manner.
godine, dok je 2000, 2003, 2007, 2011. i 2012. u nekim regionima bilo proglaeno stanje elementarne
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

76

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can
reduce
the cost
of webmoe
service
and enhanceali
the
nepogode.
Smanjenje
prinosa
tokom
sunog
razdoblja
se development,
ublaiti navodnjavanjem,
koliina prospects
obradivog for
zemljita
s
instaliranim
sustavima
za
navodnjavanje
veoma
je
ograniena
(oko
migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
0,65%), pa bi stoga bilo potrebno preduzeti znaajne mjere za proirenje podruja s instaliranim
4. The
earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
sustavima
za navodnjavanje.
e-Services and to lower the cost.
Rast, ponaanje i zdravlje domaih ivotinja zavisie kako od nasljednih osobina tako i od
5. Pursuing
approaches
follow EU
guidelines
recommendations
assistutiu
in the
spoljanjih
uslova. Klimatski
uslovithat
i klimatske
promjene
utiuand
na apetit
i zdravlje stokewill
i direktno
aspects
of theutjecaj,
development
of the
Information
Society iinivotne
the EU
convergence
of different
na profitabilnost
stoarstva.
Direktan
klimatski
razmjena
toplote
izmeu ivotinja
sredine, and
vezuje
se
za
temperaturu
i
relativnu
vlanost
vazduha,
kao
i
za
tempo
cirkulacije
vazdunog
SEE countries.
strujanja i toplotnog zraenja. Ovi faktori imaju odreeni utjecaj na zdravlje i dobrobit ivotinja, zavisno
od vrste, rase i klase svakog pojedinanog grla stoke. Zagrijavanje generalno podstie irenje patogenih
mikroorganizama i parazita. Indirektan utjecaj toplije klime ogleda se u poveanim prinosima i u
kvaliteti panjaka, krmnog bilja i itarica. Poto su biljke autotrofni organizmi, one predstavljaju glavni
izvor hrane za domae preivare u lancu ishrane u ekosistemima irom svijeta. Panjaci obezbjeuju
The
report
are: a poviena koncentracija CO umnogome poboljava stonu
vie specific
od 90% goals
hraneof
zathis
divlje
preivare,
2
hranu, za razliku od smanjenja azota, koje utie na nisku proteinsku vrijednost stone hrane.

1.2. About this report

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;

3.3.1.2. Socio-ekonomski utjecaj klimatskih promjena na


2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus
poljoprivredu
with disabilities;

people

Udio
lova, umarstva
i ribarstva u BDP-u
BiH u 2010. godini
iznosio je 7,11%,
3. to poljoprivrede,
assess the current
level of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
to predstavlja
blagi
pad
u
odnosu
na
2009.
(7,4%)
i
2008.
(7,5%).
Mnogo
vanija
je injenica da
4. to identify good practices in the region;
sektor poljoprivrede u Bosni i Hercegovini zapoljava najvei broj ljudi oko 160.000 naroito u
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
ruralnim podrujima. U 2009. godini, ovaj sektor je zapoljavao 166.000 radnika.
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
- se tie
comply
withukupna
requirements
for the
UN and
EU. iznosila je neto vie od 1,1 miliona
to
usjeva,
proizvodnja
itarica
u 2010.
tona, od ega su oko 77% inili kukuruz (vie od 850.000 tona) i penica. U 2010. je dolo do naglog
smanjenja proizvodnje itarica, kada je u poreenju s 2009. godinom proizvedeno 11,4% manje
kukuruza
i 43,2%
manje
penice.
Trendovi
su slini
i kada su Marginalised
u pitanju drugiGroups
poljoprivredni
proizvodi
This
report
is part
of a larger
project,
Empowering
in e-Governance,
(ra, zob, jeam, sijeno, povre, mlijeko itd). Klimatske promjene nesumnjivo imaju znatan utjecaj
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
na ukupne prinose.
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPsUDemocratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust Fund
to supportpromjenama
the South Eastern
Europe region
ovom trenutku,
mjerama
prilagoavanja
klimatskim
u poljoprivrednom
sektoru
BiH pridaje seofmarginalan
TokomSociety
izradePriority
SNC-a,Area
uraena
pojednostavljena
in
the implementation
the Inclusiveznaaj.
Information
of thejee-SEE
Agenda+, the
analiza
potencijalnih
teta
povezanih
s
klimatskim
promjenama
i
moguih
prednosti
prilagoavanja
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
klimatskim promjenama, koja ukazuje na potrebu daljnjih istraivanja i investicija u poljoprivredu
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
u cilju smanjenja osjetljivosti na ekstremne klimatske promjene. S obzirom na to da je prosjena
cijena penice i kukuruza u 2010. bila oko 300 KM/t, pad proizvodnje od 15-20% izazvao bi tetu
The project
beingmiliona
implemented
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
u vrijednosti
od oko is45-60
KM. Akoby
sethe
urauna
i teta po industrijsko
bilje,
voe, Initiative
povre
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on
their
existing
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Empowering
i druge usjeve, gubici mogu lako dostii 165 miliona KM to je jednako ukupnom budetu za
poljoprivredu Groups
u BiH (koji
ukljuuje samo
90the
miliona
za direktnu
farmama,
se
Marginalised
in e-Governance
and
e-SEEKM
Secretariat
arepodrku
positioned
within poto
the Social
6
oko
60
miliona
KM
izdvaja
za
mjere
ruralne
politike)
.
Posljedice
smanjene
proizvodnje
vidljive
su
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
u rastu cijena poljoprivrednih proizvoda.
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York
is providing
expertise poljoprivrede
and playing anjeste
advisory
role. Government-appointed
members
Kljuni
faktor u ranjivosti
nedovoljna
upotreba agrotehnikih
mjera, aof
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
(REGATA)
act as government
Focalprouzrokovane
Points for their
naroito
nerazvijeni
i zastarjeli
sustaviTaskforce
za navodnjavanje
i protivgradnu
zatitu. tete
respective countries.
6 1 EUR=1,95583 KM, Centralna banka Bosne i Hercegovine, juni 2013

77

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

suama, poplavama i gradom ve neko vrijeme su stvarnost u Bosni i Hercegovini. Shodno tome,
oekuje se da e poljoprivreda trpjeti najvee tete izazvane klimatskim promjenama i, ukoliko ne
doe do drastinih poboljanja, mogu se oekivati ekstremne temperature i padavine, u kombinaciji
s drugim ekstremnim vremenskim uslovima i isparavanjima, koja e zajedno prouzroiti smanjenja
ukupne poljoprivredne proizvodnje (Popovi , 2008). Dakle, postojea varijabilnost klime ve
znaajno utie na poljoprivredni sektor, to znai da su ekstremni vremenski uslovi u prosjeku
doveli do gubitaka od najmanje 200 miliona KM na godinjem nivou. tete od klimatskih promjena
su daleko vee od godinjih podsticaja koji se isplauju poljoprivrednim proizvoaima.
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements
it sets
in all aspects
how it is to be
implemented.
This is
followed
Ruralna
podruja
u Bosniofi e-Accessibility
Hercegovini suand
zapostavljena,
a strategije
ruralnog
razvoja
su
byusvojene
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
tek nedavno i predviaju tek minimalne investicije. Ruralna podruja su ranjivija zbog
nedostatka
infrastrukture
i loijih ivotnih
uslova nego u urbanim sredinama. U ruralni razvoj se
disability
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
godinje ulae samo oko 40 miliona dolara (60 miliona KM). U procesu pristupanja EU treba koristiti
trgovinske pogodnosti predviene ugovorom CEFTA, zajedno s drugim raspoloivim resursima
EU kao to su Program za poljoprivredni i ruralni razvoj (ARDP), Instrument za pretpristupnu
pomo (IPA) i Instrument za tehniku pomo i razmjenu informacija (TAIEX). Posebnu panju
treba posvetitiisaspektu
odrivosti ruralnog
razvoja,
tj. zatiti
umskih ekosistema,
e-Accessibility
about overcoming
the range
of barriers
that voda,
peopleuma
with idisabilities
and others
zatienim
podrujima
biodiverziteta
itd.
Stanovnici
ruralnih
podruja
imaju
niske
prihode
i najvie
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
su pogoeni negativnim efektima u gotovo svim sektorima. Oni su posebno ugroeni zbog visokih
Society.
trokova prilagoavanja, i s pravom oekuju aktivnosti i pomo od dravnih institucija.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility
can potentially
to znaajan
any type ofutjecaj
ICT used
citizens, and
involves everything
Klimatske promjene
takoerefer
imaju
na by
proizvodnju
i bezbjednost
hrane.
Evidentne
su
este
promjene
klimatskih
uslova
te
pojava
novih
patogena
i
biljnih
bolesti
(FAO,
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling
on
2007).
Ove
i
druge
promjene
dovode
do
smanjenja
proizvodnje
zbog
smanjenja
prinosa
i
smanjivanja
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
obradivih povrina, to dovodi do kratkorone nestabilnosti cijena i dugoronih poveanja cijena
visual,
cognitive,
or motor
and SEE
countries
can expectzbog
to have
hranehearing,
u svijetu.speech,
Izvjetaji
FAO-a ukazuju
naimpairment,
to da se globalne
cijene
hrane poveavaju
loiha
similar
or higher
proportion.
klimatskih
uslova,
rasta cijena energenata i sl. Prema podacima FAO-a iz 2007. godine (FAO, 2007),
skoro 11% obradivog zemljita u razvijenim zemljama bi se moglo nai pod negativnim utjecajem
klimatskih
promjena,
to podrazumijeva
smanjenje prinosa
u 85 zemalja
i smanjenje
poljoprivredne
A perhaps
surprising
number of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
proizvodnje kao udjela u BDP-u u 16% zemalja. Prema ovom izvjetaju, kljuni socio-ekonomski
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
utjecaji su sljedei:
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across
areas such
as Television
Without Frontiers
(for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
Smanjenje
prinosa
usjeva i poljoprivredne
proizvodnje;
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Pad udjela poljoprivredne proizvodnje u BDP-u;
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Nestabilnost
cijenatona
svjetskim tritima;
Furthermore,
moves are afoot
strengthen
these and to enact more legislation.
Poveanje broja ljudi koji nemaju pristup dovoljnim koliinama hrane;
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Migracije i socijalni nemiri.

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Prema klimatskim scenarijima A1B i A2, sektori poljoprivrede, umarstva i ribarstva
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil the zemljita
promise of
the ekstremnih
Informationvremenskih
Society to reduce
rather
than
suoie
se s degradacijom
i erozijom
(zbog
uslova),
gubitkom
increase
the disadvantages
populations
face.estih
Conversely,
insufficient
in this
obradivog
zemljita
i smanjenjemcertain
stonog
fonda (zbog
sluajeva
ugibanjaeffort
stoke)
itd.
U izvjetaju
iz further
2008. godine
(FAO, these
2008),groups.
koji se temelji na projekcijama IPCC iz 2007,
area isFAO-a
likely to
marginalize
najvei pad prinosa u Evropi oekuje se na Mediteranu, jugozapadu Balkana i na jugu evropskog
2. Improving
to services,
public
private, preraspodjele
to such a significant
proportion
the
dijela Rusije.
Moe access
se oekivati
da e doi
do and
geografske
odreenih
kulturaof(npr.
population
opens
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and can
public
fulfil
suncokret
i kukuruz,
koji
e se uzgajati
u sjevernijim
oblastima).
Ovahelp
studija
je services
od posebnog
interesa
i znaaja
Bosnu
i Hercegovinu
their
remit inza
a cost
effective
manner. jer se ona nalazi u zoni rizika kada je u pitanju
proizvodnja hrane. Opa situacija je pogorana poveanjem cijena i tranje na svjetskom
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

78

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can
reduce the
cost of webfinansijskim
service development,
and enhance
the
tritu hrane,
rastom
cijena
energenata
i uestalim
krizama koje
e stvoriti
opu makroekonomsku
nestabilnost
i
nesigurnost.
Kao
rezultat
toga,
dolo
bi
do
pogoranja
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
spoljnotrgovinskog deficita u razmjeni poljoprivrednih proizvoda. Pored toga, oekuje se da e
The earlier
action is
the easier itpoveanja
is to integrate
e-Accessibility
into development
doi i do4.poveanja
potreba
zataken,
navodnjavanjem,
rizika
od umskih poara,
poveanjaof
"jalovihe-Services
zemljita, and
smanjena
biodiverziteta
itd.
to lower
the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

3.3.2. Vodni resursi

Prosjena godinja koliina padavina u BiH iznosi oko 1.250 l/m2, to s obzirom na povrinu
BiH od 51.129 km2 iznosi 64 x 109 m3 vode, odnosno 2.030 m3/s. Oticanje sa teritorije BiH je 1.155
m3/s, s prosjenim koeficijentom proticaja 0,577. Prosjeno godinje oticanje prema Dunavskom
slivu, ija je povrina u BiH 38.719 km2 (75,7%), iznosi 722 m3/s ili 62,5%, dok oticanje iz vodnog
podruja
Jadranskog
mora,
ija je
povrina u BiH 12.410 km2 (24,3%), iznosi 433 m3/s ili 37,5%.
The
specific
goals of this
report
are:

1.2. About this report

Povrina

Duina vodotoka

Prosjeni

[km2]

[km]

[m3/s]

Una u BA

9.130

1.480,7

240

Neretva i Trebinjica u BA

10.110

886,8

402

RIJENI BAZENI JADRANSKOG MORA

12.410

1.063,8

433

Sliv international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


1. to outline the
sliva
duih od 10 km
protjecaj
instruments and strategic level documents;

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


5.506
1.693,2
63
with disabilities;

Neposredni sliv Save u BA i Ukrina

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


Vrbas
6.386
1.096,3
132
4. to identify good practices in the region;
Bosna
10.457
2.321,9
163
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Drina u -BA
7.240
1.355,6
124
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
RIJENI- BAZENcomply
DUNAVA
38.719
7.947,7
722
with requirements for the UN
and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


Bosna
i Hercegovina
51.129
that is being
implemented in the context of the e-SEE
Initiative. It is9.011,5
a regional project1.155
designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Tabela
20. Karakteristini
pokazatelji
slivnihtoi support
podslivnihthe
podruja
BiH,
UNDPs Democratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust Fund
South uEastern
Europe region
Projekat IPA 2007 Podrka politici voda u BiH, 2011
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regionalMale
action
plan
Information
Society
development,
and the
UNCRPD.
The programmatic
vode
na for
slivnim
i podslivnim
podrujima
su veoma
izraene.
Vrijednosti
minimalnih
srednjih mjesenih
voda
osiguranosti
(s kojima
setargets
uglavnom
barata
kada se govori o
priorities
of the project
are95%
therefore
fully aligned
with the
of e-SEE
Agenda+.
minimalnim vodama koje osiguravaju opstanak ekosistema u i oko voda) iznose oko 15% srednjih
godinjih
proticaja.
pokazatelj
ukazuje na
stanje u podslivuUNDP-funded
rijeke Bosne. Nelinearnost
je
The
project Ovaj
is being
implemented
by loe
the Sarajevo-based
e-SEE Initiative
jo izraenija na vodnom podruju Jadranskog mora, gdje su pojedini vodotoci presuili.
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised
in prostoru
e-Governance
and theue-SEE
Secretariat
are
positioned
within the
Social
Velike Groups
vode se na
BiH pojavljuju
vidu bujinih
reima,
s kratkim
poplavnim
talasima
3
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
UNDPpodruje
Countryrijeke
OfficeSave,
in Sarajevo
is odnos
working
closely
i velikim modulima oticanja
(11,5 mSector.
/s/km2).The
Za vodno
prosjean
srednjih
godinjih
proticaja
i velikih
vodaOffices
vjerovatnoe
iznosi
=18.5Q
, toICT
znai
da je ovo
vodno
with
the fellow
UNDP
Country
in the pojave
region,1%
while
theQOffice
of Senior
Advisor
at the
BDP
(1%)
sr.g.
podruje
nepovoljno
po
reimu
malih
i
velikih
voda
s
najveom
gustinom
stanovnitva
i
najizraenijim
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
potrebama za vodom (Projekat IPA 2007 Podrka politici voda u BiH, 2011).
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
7 Projekat IPA 2007 Podrka politici voda u BiH, 2011
79

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Prethodne hidroloke analize u BiH suoile su se s problemom potpunog odsustva podataka


o oticanju rijeka u BiH tokom 90-ih godina prologa vijeka, a isti problem se javio i tokom izrade
ove studije.8 Naime, zbog odsustva dovoljno obraenih podataka o oticanju iz vodnog podruja
Jadranskog mora nije bilo mogue izvriti pouzdanu analizu ovog veoma vanog vodnog podruja
u BiH.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Analiza sliva rijeke Bosne ne pokazuje promjene u vrijednostima prosjenih mjesenih


oticanja tokom vremena. Analiza trendova mjesenih padavina za razdoblje 19612011. (izraunatih
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
kao prosjena vrijednost mjesenih padavina u meteorolokim stanicama u Sarajevu, Zenici i Tuzli)
requirements
it sets in all
aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how
it is to
be implemented.
Thisniisna
followed
9
i prosjeno mjeseno
oticanje
rijeke
Bosne u Maglaju
u istom
razdoblju
ne ukazuju
kakve
byznaajne
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
promjene.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Do istog zakljuka se dolazi i kada se uporede statistiki parametri sekvenci srednjih
vrijednosti mjesenog oticanja rijeke Bosne u Maglaju tokom razdoblja 19611990. i 19912010.
sa statistikim parametrima mjesenih padavina (izraeno kao prosjena vrijednost mjesenih
padavina u meteorolokoj stanici u Sarajevu i meteorolokoj stanici u Zenici), tokom istih razdoblja.
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

Grafikon 23. Serija srednjih mjesenih protjecanja rijeke Bosne u Maglaju, s trendom, te prosjena
vrijednost mjesenih padavina (MS Sarajevo, MS Zenica, MS Tuzla) s trendom (razdoblje 1961-2010)

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
the disadvantages
certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
8 Ovaj increase
problem je detaljnije
obraen u INC.
area is
likely rijeke
to further
these
groups.
za januar
1992. decembar 2000. izraunatih na bazi viestruke
9 Vrijednosti
proticaja
Bosnemarginalize
u Maglaju, Qsr.pr.

korelacije izmeu vrijednosti Qsr.pr. za Bosnu u Maglaju u razdoblju januar 1961. decembar 2010, sa sljedeim
2. Improving
access
toistog
services,
mjesenim
vrijednostima
tokom
perioda:public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
MS
Sarajevo
(ukupne
mjesene
padavine,
srednja mjesena
temperatura)
population opens significant market/sales
opportunities,
and can help public services fulfil
MS Zenica (ukupne mjesene padavine, srednja mjesena temperatura)
their
remit
in amjesene
cost effective
MS
Tuzla
(ukupne
padavine,manner.
srednja mjesena temperatura).
Viestruka korelacija izraunata po mjesecima (Viestruko R: 0.610220455-0.857194005; R Kvadrat: 0.3723690043. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
0.734781563).
2

80

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people;
it can mjesena
reduce the
cost of web service development,
and enhance the
Srednja
protjecanja
Mjesene padavine
Statistiki
prospects for migrating web
services
onto new platforms
such( MS
as mobile
phones.
Bosna
(Maglaj)
prosjek
Sarajevo,
MS Zenica)
parametar
1991-2010.
1961-90.
4. The earlier action1961-90.
is taken, the easier
it is to integrate e-Accessibility
into1991-2010.
development of
Srednjae-Services
vr.
123,28
and to lower
the cost.

132,05

71,31

78,33

Mediana5. Pursuing approaches


108,78
68,98
that follow EU 111,73
guidelines and recommendations
will71,70
assist in the
Stand. dev.
79,94aspects of the85,12
36,95
40,43in the EU
development of the
Information Society
convergence of different

and SEE countries. 6.389,69


Varijansa
Spljotenost

1,38

7.244,97

1.365,14

1.634,50

0,45

0,84

0,61

0,71

0,80

387,07

224,65

208,10

19,28

0,50

8,45

406,35

225,15

216,55

Iskoenost
1.2.
About this1,12report 0,97
Rang- opseg

437,93

The
specific goals of this report
are:
Minimum
16,29
Maksimum

454,22

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


and strategic
level documents;
Tabela 21.instruments
Statistiki parametri
nizova srednjih
mjesenih protjecanja rijeke Bosne u Maglaju, za razdoblje 1961-

90. i 1991-2010. godina, te statistiki parametri mjesenih padavina na MS Sarajevo i MS Zenica, za ista razdoblja

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;
Treba naglasiti da su analizirane sekvence relativno kratke. Osjetljivost rezultata koji se
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
baziraju na kratkim sekvencama evidentna je iz rezultata analize trendova, koji pored trendova
4. to identify
goodprikazuju
practices iintrend
the region;
za razdoblje
19611990.
jednaina za razdoblje 20012010, kao i 19912011.
5.
to
develop
a
set
of
recommendations
for mogu
government
and otherutjecaj.
stakeholders
how to:
Jednaine pokazuju da samo jedna ili dvije godine
imati znaajan
U ovomon
sluaju,
izuzetno- vlanaaddress
2010. ithe
izuzetno
suva
2011. godina imale su tako snaan utjecaj na srednje
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
vrijednosti
mjesenog
proticaja
da
su
dovele
do UN
promjene
comply with requirements for the
and EU.trenda iz pozitivnog (rastui trend) u
negativan (opadajui trend).
Izuzetno suvlja razdoblja u Bosni i Hercegovini manifestuju se kroz pojavu niskog vodostaja,
This
report is ipart
of aproticaja
larger project,
Marginalised
Groups inSrpskoj
e-Governance,
odnosno,
smanjenog
malog
na svimEmpowering
znaajnijim vodotocima
u Republici
i Bosni
that
is
being
implemented
in
the
context
of
the
e-SEE
Initiative.
It
is
a
regional
project
designed
i Hercegovini. U RS javljaju se zimski (januar februar) i ljetni (jul avgust) razdoblja niskogby
vodostaja.
Veina rijeka
u razdobljima
niskog vodostaja
snabdijeva
iz podzemnih
voda, by
a to
the
UNDP Country
Officese
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP
NY, and funded
the
znatno
smanjuje
zalihe
podzemnih
voda
u
Bosni
i
Hercegovini.
S
obzirom
na
to
da
sua
predstavlja
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
izrazito nepovoljnu vremensku pojavu, brojne istraivake aktivnosti irom svijeta usmjerene su na
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
njeno spreavanje ili ublaavanje njenih negativnih efekata.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

3.3.2.1. Utjecaji na vodne resurse na osnovu klimatskih scenarija

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
existing knowledge,
Generalno,
oba scenarija
za razdoblja
20012030. i networks
20712100.and
(A1Bresources.
20012030;Empowering
A1B 2071
2100; A2 20712100.)
porast temperature
vazduha
u BiH are
u svim
posmatranim
Marginalised
Groups predviaju
in e-Governance
and the e-SEE
Secretariat
positioned
withingodinjim
the Social
dobima
tokom
itave
godine.
Istovremeno,
sva
tri
modela
prikazuju
smanjene
koliine
padavina.
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Do promjena u reimu padavina e doi i u pogledu vremena pojavljivanja, uestalosti i intenziteta
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
ekstremnih dogaaja poplava i sua. Najvei porast temperature vazduha predvia se u vegetativnom
in
New York
is providing
expertise
andblai
playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
razdoblju
(jun,
jul i avgust),
a neto
porast
tokom marta,
aprila i maja. To znaimembers
poveanuof
the
Regional e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)
act as
Points
for sve
their
evapotranspiraciju
i izraenije
ekstremne
minimume
vodostaja
nagovernment
vodotocima.Focal
S druge
strane,
uestalije padavine
veeg intenziteta izazvae iznenadna oticanja, esto u obliku poplava. Za oticanje
respective
countries.
vodotoka znaajan je i utjecaj snjenih padavina, a predvia se i znatno poveanje temperature
81

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

vazduha tokom zimske sezone u decembru, januaru i februaru. Svi ovi rezultati podrazumijevaju
razliite scenarije koji dovode do jo izraenije meugodinje nelinearnosti oticanja voda u BiH. S
jedne strane, doi e do opeg smanjenja dostupnosti vodnih resursa u vegetativnom razdoblju,
kada su potrebe najvee, dok e, s druge strane, rizik od poplava biti sve izraeniji.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Pored toga, projekcije ukazuju na jo ee i intenzivnije pojave sua i poplava koje e biti
rasprostranjenije i dugotrajnije. Moe se zakljuiti da su potrebna dodatna i kompleksnija istraivanja
klimatskih promjena i njihovog utjecaja na vodne resurse, zajedno s razvojem sektorske strategije
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama s prateim akcionim planom i konkretnim mjerama.
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability
in general
and e-Accessibility inutjecaj
particular.klimatskih promjena 
3.3.2.2.
Socio-ekonomski

na vodne resurse

1.1. Iako
Why
e-Accessibility?
je Bosna
i Hercegovina bogata vodnim resursima, pritisci, problemi i nestaice su veoma

esti. Ogromne
vode za piethe
se range
i dalje of
gube
u distributivnim
sustavima,
to stvara
e-Accessibility
is koliine
about overcoming
barriers
that people
with disabilities
anddodatne
others
ogromne ekonomske gubitke. Iako ne postoje egzaktni pokazatelji kojima bi se kvantifikovali ovi
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
negativni utjecaji, sigurno je da ovi gubici iznose najmanje 50 miliona KM godinje (na primjer,
Society.
procjenjuje se da Hrvatska, koja ima vie stanovnika i bolju infrastrukturu, trpi godinje gubitke

od oko 286 miliona evra). Pored toga, emisije gasova s efektom staklenika u stalnom su porastu
zbog poveane
potronje
energije zarefer
proizvodnju
vode
problem
je i manjak
vode u
e-Accessibility
can potentially
to any type
of za
ICTpie.
usedDodatni
by citizens,
and involves
everything
poljoprivredi,
naroito
u
rizinim
razdobljima
kada
su
zemlji
potrebne
minimalne
koliine
vlage.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Energetski sektor Bosne i Hercegovine je takoe potencijalno ranjiv, naroito zbog toga
visual,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor
and SEE
countries
expect to
have a
to bi hearing,
klimatske
promjene
mogle dovesti
doimpairment,
smanjenja rijenih
tokova.
Takvecan
ekstremne
situacije
similar
or higher
proportion.
bi mogle
da dovedu
do smanjenja proizvodnje hidroelektrine energije, to bi ugrozilo energetsku
sigurnost i proizvodnju struje namijenjene izvozu. Sue su u ranijim razdobljima utjecale na nivo
gubitaka
u proizvodnji
hidroelektrine
energije. Smanjena
proizvodnja
hidroelektrine
energije
A perhaps
surprising
number of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
usljed smanjenih rijenih tokova esto mora biti nadomjetena iz drugih domaih izvora ili iz uvoza,
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
to je nepovoljno s aspekta poveanja emisija gasova s efektom staklenika (dodatna proizvodnja u
the
relevant legal
No single EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,deficita).
but actions are
elektranama),
ali context.
i s makroekonomskog
aspekta (poveanje
spoljnotrgovinskog
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
Svi ovi
izazovi zajedno
imaju
negativan
utjecaj (for
na socio-ekonomski
poloaj
stanovnitva
(for copyright
exemptions),
and the
Telecoms
Framework
assistive technologies).
e-Accessibility
svih covered
ekonomskih
akteraand
jer guidelines
nestabilnoand
snabdijevanje
elektrinom
moesupport.
dovesti
isi also
by policy,
benchmarking
exist for energijom
programmatic
do poskupljenja. Iako ne postoje egzaktni pokazatelji direktnih i indirektnih gubitaka nastalih
Furthermore,
are afoot
to strengthen
these anddato su
enact
more
legislation.
smanjenjem moves
vodotoka,
ipak bi
se moglo zakljuiti
takvi
gubici
mnogo vei od gubitaka
uzrokovanih neadekvatnom vodovodnom mreom, tj. oni bi lako mogli premaiti iznos od 100 miliona
KM (naThere
primjer,
vodotoci
opadnu
za 510%).for
U svakom
sluaju,
prema
Svjetske banke
is atako
least
a five-fold
justification
early action
in the
areapodacima
of e-Accessibility:
(2008), planirane investicije u energetski sektor u BiH do 2020. iznose neto vie od 4 milijarde evra,
pri emu bi odreena sredstva trebalo da budu preusmjerena na smanjenje ranjivosti u sektoru
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
hidroenergije. Mjere prilagoavanja se stoga moraju fokusirati na strategije i propise budui da
marginalized.
helps fulfil
thenegativan
promise utjecaj
of the Information
Society
reduce
rather
than
ekstrem
ne klimatskeItpromjene
imaju
na vodne cikluse,
totomoe
dovesti
do sua
increase
thesektorima,
disadvantages
certain
populationsi prirodnim
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort odluka
in this
i utjecaja
u drugim
naroito
u poljoprivredi
ekosistemima.
Donosioci
u BiH jo
uvijek
u svojim
strategijama
i planovima
upravljanja vodnim resursima nisu uzeli u obzir
area
is likely
to further
marginalize
these groups.
sve opasnosti klimatskih promjena. Istovremeno, potrebno je istraiti drutveno-ekonomske efekte
2. Improving
to services,
publici and
private,
to suchrizike
a significant
proportion
of the
klimatskih
promjenaaccess
na zatiena
podruja
movare
i prouiti
od poplava
ili smanjenih
opens
significant
and canuhelp
services mje
fulfil
rijenihpopulation
tokova. Osim
toga,
potrebnamarket/sales
su i nauna opportunities,
i struna istraivanja
vezi public
s neophodnim
rama prilagoavanja,
analize
rentabilnosti mjera, kao i u pogledu interakcija klimatskih
their remit in aukljuujui
cost effective
manner.
promjena, proizvodnje hidroenergije i snabdijevanja vodom za pie.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

82

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
3.3.3. Zdravlje
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.

4. The earlier action


taken, the easier
to integrate
intoscenarija
development of
3.3.3.1. Utjecaji
naiszdravlje
ljudiit isna
osnovue-Accessibility
klimatskih
e-Services and to lower the cost.
Vodei uzroci morbiditeta i mortaliteta nisu se promijenili od objavljivanja Prvog nacionalnog
Pursuing
approaches
that (kardiovaskularna,
follow EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist
in the
izvjetaja5. (INC):
cirkulatorni
sustav
cerebrovaskularna
oboljenja)
i maligne
neoplazme
(tj.
rak).
Iako
podaci
iz
literature
ukazuju
na
odreenu
povezanost
ovih
oboljenja
s
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
klimatskim
and promjenama,
SEE countries.to ne moe da se tvrdi sa sigurnou budui da u BiH do danas nisu
sprovedena posebna istraivanja kojima bi se potvrdila veza izmeu klimatskih promjena i njihovog
utjecaja na ljudsko zdravlje.

1.2.UAbout
this report
BiH se kontinuirano ne prate ni direktni ni indirektni utjecaji klimatskih promjena na

zdravlje ljudi. Uprkos injenici da se u pojedinim izvjetajima sistematino analiziraju klimatske


The
specificu goals
report
promjene
BiH, of
jothis
uvijek
neare:
postoji uspostavljen sustav za praenje uestalosti pojedinih
bolesti u odreenim regionima koje bi se mogle povezati s promjenama pojedinanih klimatskih
parametara,
samimthe
timinternational
i s pojavom prirodnih
nepogoda.e-Accessibility
Podaci prikupljeni
na dravnom
1. to aoutline
context regarding
including
existingnivou
legal
nisu upotrijebljeni za razvoj jasne metodologije za krizni odgovor na klimatske promjene, a nisu
andmjere
strategic
level
documents;
usvojeneinstruments
ni preventivne
kojima
bi se
sprijeila pojava kritinih situacija ili ublaile posljedice
izazvane2.klimatskim
promjenama
(smanjeni
prinosi zbog sue
ili poplava; people
nestaice
higijenski
to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
versus
people
ispravne vode za pie...)
with disabilities;
Dvije
godine the
kasnije,
oigledno
da oba entiteta
u Bosni
i Hercegovini
i dalje primjenjuju
3. to assess
current
level ofjee-Accessibility
and
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
Zakon o 4.
statistici,
odnosno
usvajaju
svoje
programe
statistikih
istraivanja
s
jednakim
vremenskim
to identify good practices in the region;
intervalima izmeu dva ciklusa. Ovim programima definie se okvir za prikupljanje podataka o
to develop
a set of recommendations
for government
and other
stakeholders
on how
to:
statusu 5.
higijenske
ispravnosti
vode za pie, zdravstvenoj
ispravnosti
namirnica
i predmeta
ope
- kao i address
obstacles
to na
e-Accessibility;
upotrebe,
podatakathe
koji
se odnose
opasnosti po ivotnu sredinu i njihov utjecaj na zdravlje
ljudi. Zakonom
o evidencijama
i statistikim
u oblasti zdravstvene zatite RS blie se
comply
with requirements
foristraivanjima
the UN and EU.
definie obim i nain prikupljanja podataka i sprovoenje statistikih istraivanja, kao to je sluaj
i u Federaciji BiH. U praksi, BiH jo uvijek nema uspostavljen model za protok informacija izmeu
razliitih
sektora,
estoproject,
preklapaju
i nije uvijekMarginalised
jasno ko odgovara
kome,
ko prikuplja
This
reportnadlenosti
is part of ase
larger
Empowering
Groups
in e-Governance,
podatke od koga i koja metodologija se koristi za rad s podacima. Kao posljedica toga, ne postoje
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
adekvatni izvjetaji o zdravlju ivotne sredine, kao ni izvjetaji o faktorima rizika i njihovom utjecaju
the
UNDP Country
Office
in Bosnia
anduprkos
Herzegovina,
by DG/BDP
NY, dobro
and funded
by the
na klimatske
promjene
i zdravlje
ljudi,
injenicisupported
da je ova oblast
zakonski
regulisana
UNDPs
Democratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust Fund
to support the
Southtome,
Eastern
Europe
region
i da je praksa
izvjetavanja
usaglaena
sa zahtjevima
EUROSTAT-a.
Shodno
moemo
rei
da
je the
ranjivost
ljudi i dalje of
prisutna.
in
implementation
the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Iako ne postoje detaljna istraivanja, s prilino velikom sigurnou se moe rei da
priorities
the project
are therefore
aligned
the targets
of e-SEENesporno
Agenda+.je da postoji
klimatskeofpromjene
snano
utiu na fully
zdravlje
ljudiwith
u Bosni
i Hercegovini.

velika briga drutva za ope zdravlje stanovnitva, ali uee javnosti u ovim pitanjima od kljunog
The za
project
is being
implemented
by u
theokviru
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
Initiative
je znaaja
definisanje
efikasnih
odgovora
prilagoavanja
klimatskime-SEE
promjenama.
Secretariat,
their koja
existing
knowledge,
and resources.
Informirana icapitalizing
obrazovana on
javnost,
je dobro
upoznatanetworks
s opasnostima
ekstremnihEmpowering
klimatskih
uslova, moe Groups
smanjitiinsvoju
ranjivost na
utjecaje
putem
odgovarajuih
mjera.
Marginalised
e-Governance
andnegativne
the e-SEE
Secretariat
are
positioned within
theGlavni
Social
uzroci
ozbiljnih
zdravstvenih
utjecaja
izazvanih
ekstremnim
klimatskim
promjenama
su
toplotni
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
udari, koji dovode do poveanog mortaliteta stanovnitva BiH. Pogoranje klimatskih uslova e
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
dovesti do eih promjena i pogoranja zdravstvenog stanja najteih bolesnika. To ukljuuje
in
New York
is providing expertise
andalergijske
playing anreakcije
advisoryi druge
role. Government-appointed
members
bolesti
s kardiovaskularnim
rizicima,
akutne reakcije na visoke
dnevneof
the
Regional e-Governance
Advisory Taskforce
actbolesti
as government
Focal Points koje
for their
temperature,
kao i druge zdravstvene
probleme(REGATA)
kao to su
izazvane bakterijama
se
prenose vodom
i hranom, bolesti koje prenose insekti, ptice itd.
respective
countries.

83

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

3.3.4. umarstvo
ume u Bosni i Hercegovini pokrivaju 53% ukupne povrine zemlje. Zbog svoje prirodne i
raznovrsne strukture, kao i visoke stope prirodnog obnavljanja (oko 93%), ume u Bosni i Hercegovini
predstavljaju jedan od kljunih prirodnih resursa. Oko 20% drvne mase je ugljenik, a pored ove
injenice, i ukupna umska biomasa ima ulogu "skladita ugljenika. Na primjer, organske materije
iz umskog zemljita kao to je humus nastao kao produkt raspadanja biljnog materijala
takoe
skladite
ugljenik.
Kao rezultat
toga,UNCRPD,
ume skladite
ogromne koliine
ugljenika:
prema
This
section
presents
an overview
of the
its significance
and main
sections,
the
jednom
istraivanju
FAO-a,
dva
puta
vie
nego
u
atmosferi.
Ugljen-dioksid
kao
"ubrivo
moe
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
pospjeiti rast i razvoj biljaka, pa tako ume mogu rasti bre zbog poveanog nivoa CO2 u atmosferi.
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level
relating to
Eksperimenti u laboratorijskim uslovima pokazuju da udvostruenje nivoa CO2 dovodi do poetnog
disability
in general
in particular.
poveanja
od 20 doand
120e-Accessibility
posto, uz prosjeno
poveanje od 40% (Eamus i Jarvis, 1989). Meutim, u

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

nekim sluajevima poveanje nivoa ugljen-dioksida podstie rast samo privremeno, dok daljnji
porast koncentracije CO2 moe ak i da ga smanji. Do smanjenja rasta moe doi i zbog poveane
koncentracije skroba u liu i smanjene fotosinteze (Wullschleger i dr., 1990).

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
of barriers
that people
with disabilities
and others
Bogatstvo
diverziteta
ogledathe
se range
u velikom
broju biljnih
i ivotinjskih
vrsta u regionu,
zbog
such
when seeking
to participate
equal
terms
in the Information
egaasseolder
BiH populations
kotira visokoexperience
na listi najzanimljivijih
zemalja
u Evropi.onOva
veoma
znaajna
raznolikost
daje umskim ekosistemima bolju startnu poziciju za prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama, ali
Society.
u isto vrijeme postoji opasnost od gubitka rijetkih, jedinstvenih vrsta.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
umski ekosistemi u BiH bie izloeni direktnim utjecajima iz sljedeih izvora:
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.- Uppromjene
to 15 percent
of the population
temperature
i padavina;across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
poveana
koncentracija atmosferskog CO2 (promjene u rastu drvea i upotrebi vode), i
similar or- higher
proportion.
- promjene u pojavi umskih poara, u zastupljenosti tetoina, i u drugim intenzivnim
A perhaps
surprising
number(sua,
of international
agreements,
regulations
and
guidelines
prirodnim
nepogodama
iscrpljene zalihe
podzemnih
voda, rani
mrazovi,
jakecover
kie,
smetovi,
oluje
itd).
this area. At the
highest
international
level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
3.3.4.1. Utjecaji
na the
umarstvo,
na osnovu
klimatskih
scenarija
(for
copyright exemptions), and
Telecoms Framework
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Na osnovu pretpostavljenih modela klimatskih promjena, izvreno je poreenje s poznatim,
Furthermore,
moves
are
to strengthen
these andzatopojedine
enact more
legislation.
opim podacima
kada
suafoot
u pitanju
klimatski parametri
umske
zajednice (Bertovi, 1975).
Prosjene
temperature
razliitim umskim
ekosistemima
u BiH
trenutno se kreu u
There
is at least
a five-foldu justification
for early action
in the area
of e-Accessibility:
rasponu od bukovih uma u lancu Dinarida (s prosjenom godinjom temperaturom od 7,2 do
7,7C) do uma hrasta medunca i graba (s prosjenom godinjom temperaturom od 12,7 do 13,5C).
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Ovaj raspon pokazuje da bi scenario A2 za kraj ovog vijeka, s prognoziranim poveanjem prosjene
marginalized.
It helps
promise
of the
Information
Society
to reduce za
rather
than
temperature
od 3,4 do
3,8C,fulfil
bio the
blizu
trenutno
postojee
prosjene
temperature
izuzetno
increase
disadvantages
certain populations
Conversely,
insufficient
effort innathis
razliite
umskethe
zajednice.
Pretpostavljene
promjene face.
u umskim
ekosistemima
upuuju
to
da bi se
drastine
promjene
desile
ak
i
u
najblaem
scenariju.
Veina
uma
karakteristinih
za
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
planinske (dinarske) regione evoluirala bi u ume planinske bukve. U scenariju A1B, na kraju ovog
2. Improving
access to termofilnih
services, public
private,
to such
significant
proportion
of the
vijeka oekuje
se dominacija
umaand
hrasta
kitnjaka
sa agrabom,
hrastom
meduncem
i hrastom
crnikom.
Model
A2 dovodi
do potpuneopportunities,
devastacije umskih
ekosistema
i formiranja
population
opens
significant
market/sales
and can help
public services
fulfil
podmediteranskih
umskih zajednica. Uopeno govorei, predloeni scenario
their remit ini amediteranskih
cost effective manner.
imao bi nesagledive (nezamislive) posljedice po umske ekosisteme u BiH.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

84

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Postoji
mogunost
da klimatske
promjene
utiu
na umesuch
u BiH
nainphones.
koji bi tokom
prospects
for migrating
web services
onto new
platforms
as na
mobile
vremena mogao transformisati cijele umske sisteme kroz pomjeranje njihovog rasporeda i
Thesaearlier
action
taken,drutveno-ekonomskih
the easier it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
into development
sastava.4.To
sobom
nosiis teret
i ekolokih
posljedica.
Klimatskeof
promjene
koje su and
se dogodile
nee
imati isti utjecaj na sve umske ekosisteme u Bosni i
e-Services
to lower the
cost.
Hercegovini. U prilog ovoj tvrdnji ide injenica da je opstanak umskih zajednica povezan ne
Pursuing approaches
that
follow EUtemperaturom
guidelines andna
recommendations
will
in the
samo (ili5.iskljuivo)
s prosjenom
godinjom
podruju na kome
seassist
pojavljuje
aspectsprosjene
of the development
of the Information
Society
the EU
convergence
of different
data zajednica,
to znai
da poveanje
godinje temperature
nee biti
jediniinfaktor
koji utie
na
promjenu.
Osim
prosjene
godinje
temperature,
drugi
vani
elementi
ukljuuju
and SEE countries.
distribuciju i intenzitet padavina, koje treba analizirati zajedno i u interakciji s poveanjem
prosjene temperature, kao i s nizom drugih faktora koji se pojavljuju u nemjerljivim razdobljima
i s nemjerljivim intenzitetom. Osnovna polazina taka bila je porast temperature u cijelom
podruju u istom intervalu, to nije bio sluaj u predvienom scenariju. Svaki region za koji
su predviene promjene treba analizirati pojedinano. To znai da bi se moglo oekivati da
The
specific goals
of this
are: ne predviaju i ne doe do promjena u strukturi umskih
u regionima
u kojima
sereport
promjene
ekosistema. Nee sve zajednice (ili sorte) reagovati na isti nain (neke se nalaze na veoj
nadmorskoj
neke
manje osjetljive),
to regarding
znai da treba
odvojeno analizirati
reakciju
svake
1. tovisini,
outline
thesu
international
context
e-Accessibility
including
existing
legal
zajednice. Sorte koje se nalaze u centru stanita bie tolerantnije na klimatske promjene, dok
instruments and strategic level documents;
e one blizu ivica biti veoma ranjive. Pored toga, sukcesija sorti i promjena strukture zajednica
vezane su
zadevelop
prirodnoa obnavljanje
i odreene
su starou
stabala. Kodpeople
nekih sorti
(kao
to
2. to
comparativeuma
picture
of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
versus
people
su hrastovi)
je vie od 100 godina, a kod nekih sorti nerealno je oekivati promjene postojee
with to
disabilities;
vegetacije u razdoblju kraem od jednog vijeka (osim u sluaju prirodnih katastrofa). Najposlije,
kod svih3.promjena
i pomjeranja
umskih
zajednica mora
se uzeti u obzir
i itav niz drugih
to assess the
current level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
faktora 4.
koji
nagood
promjene
umskih
(promjene u strukturi zemljita, promjene
toutiu
identify
practices
in theekosistema
region;
u genetikim resursima i diverzitetu, prilagodljivost vrsta itd).
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the iobstacles
e-Accessibility;
Otre
temperature
klimatskitouslovi,
kao to su mraz i toplotni talasi, kao i promjene u
comply
with
requirements
for
the
UN and
obliku, vremenu i koliini padavina (na primjer, snijeg
u EU.
poreenju s kiom, sua u poreenju s
poplavama) mogu utjecati na pojedine vrste drvea te na poloaj i nivo umskih sistema, zato to ove
promjene mogu poveati osjetljivost na tetoine, patogene i otre vremenske uslove (Schlyter i dr,
2006). Druga
znaajna
prijetnja
umskim
ekosistemima
uzrokovana
je poveanjem
umskih
This report
is part
of a larger
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups in broja
e-Governance,
poara.
U
nekim
dijelovima
BiH
oekuje
se
poveani
rizik
od
umskih
poara
izazvanih
poveanjem
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
temperature i promjenama u obrascima padavina, to poziva na proirenje kapaciteta za zatitu
the
UNDP Country
Office in(vrijeme,
Bosnia and
Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP
and vremenskog
funded by the
od poara.
Svi ovi aspekti
tetoine,
patogeni,
poari) mogu,
tokomNY,
dueg
UNDPs
Democratic
Thematic Trust
Fund to
support
the u
South
razdoblja,
dovesti do Governance
smanjenja produktivnosti
i loijeg
zdravlja
uma
BiH. Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
3.3.4.2.of the
Socio-ekonomski
utjecaji
klimatskih
na 
priorities
project are therefore fully
aligned with
the targets ofpromjena
e-SEE Agenda+.

1.2. About this report

sektor umarstva

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their uexisting
knowledge,
resources.
Iako ne
uestvuje znaajnije
drutvenom
proizvodu,networks
umarskaand
i drvna
industrijaEmpowering
predstavlja
vaan ekonomski
i, iznad
svega, prirodniand
resurs
Hercegovine.
Uee
umarskog
u
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
the Bosne
e-SEEi Secretariat
are
positioned
withinsektora
the Social
ukupnoj
zaposlenosti
vee
je
od
njegovog
uea
u
BDP-u
(u
RS
6,5%,
a
u
FBiH
4,6%
u
2008).
Iako
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
je uee umarstva u BDP-u BiH u 2010. godini iznosilo tek 0,83%, ova privredna djelatnost ima
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
strateki znaaj zbog svoje izvozne orijentacije i stvaranja novih radnih mjesta. umama upravljaju
in
Newpreduzea
York is providing
expertise
playing
an kontrolom
advisory role.
Government-appointed
javna
na nivou
entitetaand
koja
su pod
nadlenih
ministarstava i members
entitetskihof
the
Regional e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforcedrave
(REGATA)
as government Focal Points for their
parlamenata.
ume su pod punom
kontrolom
i nisuact
privatizovane.
respective countries.

85

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Kapaciteti mehanike i hemijske prerade drveta premauju domau tranju. umarstvo se


suoava s razliitim problemima: nepostojanje dugorone strategije i politike razvoja, neefikasna
organizacija, nepostojanje zakona te praksa koja nije usklaena s EU. Globalna situacija na
tritu drveta i situacija na tritu BiH prouzrokuju ravnodunost prema promjenama, prije svega
zbog poveanja ponude i tehnikog napretka koji zajedno doprinose poveanju produktivnosti u
eksploataciji uma, kao i zbog kontinuiranog smanjenja koliine drveta koje se koristi u industriji. To
za posljedicu ima oteanu ekonomsku poziciju umarstva, koja se ogleda u neadekvatnom uzgoju
i zatiti, biotikoj i abiotikoj ranjivosti, smanjenju umskog zemljita, gubicima u biodiverzitetu i
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
slabom pristupu umama. Sve to ima sinergistiki utjecaj na ranjivost uma i umskih sistema u
requirements
it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Bosni i Hercegovini.
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
upravljanja
umama treba
da ukljue mjere prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama
disability Modeli
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
s ciljem smanjenja ranjivosti uma. Sve aktivnosti moraju biti sinhronizovane na dravnom
i entitetskom nivou, kao i s opim i sektorskim politikama. Klimatske promjene su praene
dugoronim poveanjem prosjene temperature i niim prosjenim padavinama, to dovodi do
smanjenja stope rasta drvea i nie efikasnosti eksploatacije. Ekstremne klimatske promjene
usporavaju rast
drvea,overcoming
odnosno potrebno
je of
vie
vremena
rast prije
To moe
e-Accessibility
is about
the range
barriers
thatzapeople
with sjee.
disabilities
and dovesti
others
do
smanjenja
koliine
sjeenog
drveta,
loije
socijalno-ekonomske
situacije,
smanjenja
izvoznih
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
aktivnosti i poveanja spoljnotrgovinskog deficita Bosne i Hercegovine. Negativne posljedice
Society.
ekstremnih klimatskih promjena u umama i umskim ekosistemima je tee identifikovati. Njihovo
otkrivanje zahtijeva dugorono istraivanje i praenje. To je jedini nain da se utvrde i identifikuju
e-Accessibility
can potentially
refer toJednako
any type of
used
by citizens,
and involves
everything
kumulativni
efekti temperature
i padavina.
suICT
vane
i lokacije
na kojima
se ume
nalaze,
tj.
geografske
i
klimatske
zone,
te
stepen
variranja
temperature
i
padavina,
jer
ako
se
ume
nalaze
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling
on
u
zonama
s
temperaturom
na
gornjoj
temperaturnoj
granici
za
odreene
grupe
drvea,
a
padavine
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
su na donjoj granici, to znai da su mogue prirodne migracije nekih vrsta, to predstavlja vrstu
visual,
hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
prilagoavanja.
similar or higher proportion.
Dakle, nesporno je da produktivnost zavisi ne samo od vrste i lokacije ume, nego i od
temperature
i padavina.
Gornje
temperaturne
graniceagreements,
negativno utiu
na produktivnost,
jer radikalne
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
regulations
and guidelines
cover
temperature ograniavaju rast. Pored toga, tu su i odreeni sloeni agenti stresa u umama i
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
umskim sistemima: insekti, bolesti, odvodnjavanje, neplanirana sjea, poari, utjecaj CO2 itd. esti
the
relevant
legal
context. produktivnost
No single EU udirective
dedicated itodrvnopreraivakoj
e-Accessibility, but
actions are
umski
poari
smanjuju
sektoruisumarstva
industriji,
to
spread
across
such as Television Without
Frontiers
(for subtitling),
the Copyright
Directive
direktno
utieareas
na drutveno-ekonomsku
situaciju.
Visoke temperature
poveavaju
ranjivost
uma
nacopyright
umske poare,
sue iand
poplave,
a to pakFramework
utie na unutranju
i spoljnu
konkurentnost.
Bosna i
(for
exemptions),
the Telecoms
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
Hercegovina
mora
da
sprovede
mjere
kojima
e
se
smanjiti
ranjivost
na
klimatske
promjene,
kao
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
i mjere kojima e se poboljati socio-ekonomski poloaj sektora umarstva i drvnopreraivake
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
industrije. Treba usvojiti odgovarajue zakone zasnovane na praksi EU zajedno s programom
dugoronog razvoja umarstva koji e biti usklaen s Ministarskom konferencijom o zatiti uma u
is at To
least
a five-fold
for early
action
in the upravljanje,
area of e-Accessibility:
EvropiThere
(MCPFE).
zahtijeva
boljujustification
inventuru uma
i baze
podataka,
praenje i odrivo
finansiranje revitalizacije uma i umskih ekosistema, poumljavanje, uzgoj i zatitu. Poboljanja
drutveno-ekonomske
situacije
mogu
se postii
kroz access
upotrebu
zawho
lov, proizvodnju
1. It is worthwhile
in its own
right
to improve
to umskih
services resursa
to people
are already
umskih sporednih proizvoda i turizam, na nain koji vrednuje zatiene ekosisteme.
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase
the disadvantages
certainedukacijom
populationsi face.
Conversely,
effort uma.
in this
Postoji potreba
za kontinuiranom
podizanjem
javne insufficient
svijesti o znaaju
areastanovnitva
is likely to further
marginalize
groups.
Migracije
iz regiona
bogatih these
umom
predstavlja znaajan drutveni i demografski
problem, jer se primarna raspodjela i dalje vri nautrb manje razvijenih lokalnih zajednica s
2. stopom
Improving
access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
visokom
nezaposlenosti.
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

86

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
3.3.5. Biodiverzitet
i osjetljivi ekosistemi

prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Jedna od najizraenijih posljedica globalnog zagrijavanja za biodiverzitet sigurno e biti kretanje
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
vodnih resursa i distribucija tetoina i bolesti. Prema scenarijima IPCC mediteranske drave, koje ve u
e-Services
and
to lower
theecost.
velikoj mjeri
zavise od
irigacije,
imat
u prosjeku 15 do 25% niu vlanost zemljita tokom ljeta.

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
Ukratko, dostupni podaci i istraivanja ukazuju da su klimatske promjene prijetnja za sve
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
tri makroregije u BiH (panonsku, planinsko-kotlinsku i mediteransku). Oblast Dinarida bit e pod
andprijetnjom,
SEE countries.
posebnom
kao veoma vaan i bogat centar endemskih vrsta na Balkanu. Ovaj plani
nski lanac je od izuzetnog biolokog i geomorfolokog znaaja. Naroito mogu biti ugroene rijeke
krakog podruja i ekosistemi koji su na njima razvijeni. Analiza utjecaja klimatskih promjena na
rasprostranjenost subasocijacija dinarske ume bukve i jele u BiH pokazuje da e se povrina are
ala dinarske ume bukve i jele bitno smanjiti.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:

3.3.5.1. Utjecaji
na biljne vrste prema klimatskim scenarija
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments
and strategic
level
documents;
Klimatske
promjene
utiu na
fiziologiju
i odnose meu biljkama uzrokujui promjene njiho
vog podruja rasprostranjenosti areala, u smislu poveanja ili smanjenja areala vrste ili zajednice
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
i pomaku areala (horizontalna i vertikalna migracija).
with disabilities;
Znaajne
promjene
se oekuju
u rodovima koji
planinska
podruja Bosne
3. to assess
the current
level of e-Accessibility
andnastanjuju
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
i Hercegovine, naroito migraciju nekih drvenastih vrsta u smjeru pruanja Dinarida prema
4. to identify good practices in the region;
sjeverozapadu, uz mogue lokalno osiromaenje flore. Moe se oekivati smanjenje broja zeljastih
5. ekoloke
to develop
a set of
recommendations
for government
and other
stakeholders
how to:
vrsta uske
valence
najviih
planinskih podruja
koje nee moi
prilagoditi
svoj arealon
dovoljno
address
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
brzo. U -ovu grupu
spadaju
vrste cirkumpolarnog,
predalpskog i alpskog tipa rasprostranjenja.
Prijetnje-koje ovako
bogatom
biljnom i ivotinjskom
svijetu
namee iroki spektar razliitih ljudskih
comply
with requirements
for the UN
and EU.
aktivnosti su mnogobrojne. Jedna od znaajnih posljedica globalnog zagrijavanja po ekosisteme
bit e svakako pomjeranje zaliha vode i distribucije poljoprivrednih tetoina i bolesti. IPCC u svom
scenariju predvia da e zemlje Mediterana, koje ve uvelike zavise od navodnjavanja, imati 15 do
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
25% manje vlana tla ljeti (IPCC, AR4, 2007).
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP
Country
Office vrsta
in Bosnia
and e
Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP
NY, and
funded
by the
Prodor
alohtonih
poveat
se, a agresivnije
iz prirodnih
stanita
mogu
istisnuti
autohtone
vrste. Simulacije
vreneThematic
pod pretpostavkom
doi dothe
porasta
temperature
UNDPs
Democratic
Governance
Trust Fundda
toe
support
Southprosjene
Eastern Europe
region
od
2C
ukazuju
na
znaajne
negativne
posljedice
po
ovaj
biom.
Openito
se
moe
smatrati
da
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+,e
the
najvie biti pogoena visokoplaninska podruja u Bosni i Hercegovini na nadmorskim visinama oko
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
1.500 m, to odgovara granici subalpskog pojasa.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
U testiranim scenarijima utjecaja klimatskih promjena (A1B scenarij, 2001-2030, A1B sceThe project
being implemented
the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE Initiative
narij, 2071-2100.
i A2isscenarij,
2071-2100) naby
bioloku
raznolikost posmatrana
je rasprostranjenost
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
existing
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Empowering
vrsta i populacija.
Usporeujui
sadanje
stanje
s predvienim
u 2030.
i 2100.
godini, oekivano
je
da e doi do promjene
kod veine
vrsta.
promjene seare
mogu
oekivatiwithin
tokomthe
sezone
Marginalised
Groups inareala
e-Governance
and
theNajvee
e-SEE Secretariat
positioned
Social
JJA
na
sjeveru
i
u
junim
dijelovima
(A1B
scenarij,
2001-2030),
kada
se
javljaju
u
vrijednostima
od
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
+1.4C na sjeveru i +1.1C u junim dijelovima, te poveanje padavina od +5 do +15%.
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York
is providing
and playing
an advisory
role.na
Government-appointed
members
Slino
kao i to expertise
je predvieno
u Hrvatskoj,
povrine
kojima je vrsta obilno
prisutnaof
poveavaju
samo za nekeAdvisory
vrste, kao
npr. kopitnjak,
Asarum
L.,Focal
dok npr.
za likovac
the
Regionalsee-Governance
Taskforce
(REGATA)
act aseuropaeum
government
Points
for their
(Daphne
laureola
L.)
stagniraju,
smanjuju
se
za
goriku
(Prenanthes
purpurea
L.)
ili
ak
neke
mogu
respective countries.
potpuno nestati. Zavisno od podruja, padavine pokazuju i negativne i pozitivne promjene, to e
imati razliit utjecaj na biljni svijet.
87

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nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Trenutno nije mogue precizno predvidjeti uspjenost prilagoavanja na ivot u novim


stanitima, nastalim klimatskim promjenama. Idealni sluaj preivljavanja vrsta uz migracijsko pomje
ranje samo je ponekad realno mogue zbog izoliranih ekolokih nia, prirodnih i vjetakih barijera.
Antropogeni efekti na prostor, u prvom redu fragmentacija stanita i prekid migracijskih puteva,
poveavaju rizik smanjivanja areala ili nestanka vrsta. Vrste izloene klimatskim promjenama mogu
pokuati migrirati slijedei svoj ivotni optimum, prilagoditi se novonastalim uvjetima ili izumrijeti
(lokalno ili ire).

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
na biljne
zajednice
prema
by3.3.5.2. Utjecaji
a description of the major
instruments
and actions
at theklimatskim
European Unionscenarijima
level relating to
disability Na
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
bazi Hopkinsonovog
bioklimatskog
zakona, po kojem porast temperature od 3C,

a to se naroito odnosi na A2 scenarij, 2071-2100, odgovara visinskom pomaku vegetacije od


500 m nadmorske visine, predvia se zamjena vegetacije u pretplaninskom podruju Dinarida
vegetacijom umjerenog klimazonalnog pojasa. Najugroenije e biti cirkumpolarne, predalpske
vrste i vrste alpske rasprostranjenosti. To su zeljaste vrste uske ekoloke valence koje nee moi
e-Accessibility
aboutdovoljno
overcoming
range prilagoavanje
of barriers thatmogue
people je
with
disabilities
others
prilagoditi svojisareal
brzo. the
Uspjeno
samo
uz sporuand
promjenu
such
asdo
older
populations
experience
when seeking
to participate
on equal terms
in the
Information
klime
0,1C/10
god. i apsolutnu
promjenu
klime niu
od 1C. Eliminatorni
ekoloki
faktor
u viim
podrujima vjerovatno e biti temperatura, a u nizinskim kontinentalnim podrujima, padavine.
Society.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

Uz pomjeranje klimazonalnih vegetacijskih pojaseva moe se oekivati nestanak


e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
neprilagodljivih ili slabo prilagodljivih vrsta. Dinamika prodora neautohtonih vrsta moe se poveati,
from
websites mogu
for e-government
services,
toiztelephony
blind people
to subtitling
on
a agresivnije
istisnuti autohtone
vrste
prirodnih support
stanita.for
Naroito
ugroena
bit e bogata
television.
Upflora
to 15(paleoendemi,
percent of theneoendemi),
population across
the European
Union
hasnaroito
a disability,
suchsuassea
endemina
te tercijarni
i glacijalni
relikti,
oni koji
zadrali
u
refugiima
zbog
slabe
mogunosti
migracije
s
obzirom
na
malu
rasprostranjenost.
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
Oekuje se da e populacije mnogih vrsta, posebno na rubnim dijelovima areala, biti izloene
fragmentaciji na manje subpopulacije. Populacije koje posjeduju velike i brojne subpopulacije i
perhaps surprising
number
ofe
international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
sporu Amigracijsku
sposobnost
izgubit
najmanje genetske
raznovrsnosti,
i obratno.
Vrste koje
se
this
the genetski
highest international
level, the promjenama
UNCRPD, ratified
ne area.
uspijuAtbrzo
prilagoditi klimatskim
nestatand
e.coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
3.3.5.3. Utjecaji
na the
vodna
stanita
prema
klimatskm
scenarijima
(for
copyright exemptions), and
Telecoms
Framework
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Pomjeranje zona u planinskim podrujima smanjit e direktno podruja pod snjenim
Furthermore,
to strengthen
these
and toteenact
more ilegislation.
pokrivaem imoves
samimare
timafoot
koliinu
vode vezane
u snijeg,
e utjecati
na koliinu vode koja iz ovih
izvora u proljee otapanjem dopire do rijenih i drugih tokova. Vodena i movarna stanita posebno
su znaajna
naatnacionalnom
i meunarodnom
Obezbjeuju
i/ili uestvuju
u nizu kritinih
There is
least a five-fold
justification fornivou.
early action
in the area
of e-Accessibility:
ekolokih funkcija, kao to su regulacija vodnog reima i stvaranje okruenja za niz stenovalentnih
biljnih i ivotinjskih vrsta. Tipovi vodenih i movarnih stanita bit e osjetljivi na promjene u koliini
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
i raspodjeli padavina i vodni reim sa sekundarnim efektima na vezane vrste. Mogu se oekivati
marginalized.
helps fulfilvodostaja,
the promise
of the Information
to reduce
than
promjene
u godinjimItritmovima
te kvalitetu
vode. Ovo eSociety
vjerovatno
utjecatirather
na kvalitet
increase
the disadvantages
certainilipopulations
Conversely,
insufficient
effort in this
podzemnih
i nadzemnih
voda, te direktno
indirektno iface.
na sastav
pripadnih
biocenoza.
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the

3.3.5.4.
Utjecaji na faunu prema klimatskm scenarijima
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their
remit
in a cost
effective manner.
Procesi
vezani
za promjene
klime direktno su vezani za promjene ekolokih uvjeta na
stanitima,
gdje su naroito
pod utjecajem
ekosistemi,
kojitosuimproved
znaajnoaccess
pogoeni.
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
for the visokoplaninski
marginalized could
also lead
for
2

88

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; it klimatskih
can reduceuvjeta
the cost
of se
webnestanak
service development,
and enhance
the
Kao posljedica
promijenjenih
javlja
ugroenih, rijetkih
ili ranjivih
organizama,
gubitak
endeminog
genofonda,
kao
i
gubitak
biodiverziteta
na
genetskom,
specijskom
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
i ekosistemskom nivou. Praenje posljedica klimatskih promjena po prirodu i biodiverzitet vri se
The earlier action
is taken,
the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
pomou4.
bioindikatora
za klimatske
promjene.
e-Services and to lower the cost.
Odrasle ivotinje, naroito viih taksonomskih grupa, mogu fiziolokim mehanizmima
Pursuing
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
and recommendations
assist in the
ublaiti 5.
utjecaj
globalnog
zagrijavanja
(ponaanje,
termoregulacija,
hipotermija, will
temperaturna
aspects of znatno
the development
the Information
Society
in the EU
convergence
different
kompenzacija
i dr.). of
Iako
ovi mehanizmi
poveavajuof otpornost,
ne mogu
eliminirati
sekundarne
efekte
na
animalnu
biologiju,
naroito
mehanizme
vezane
uz
razmnoavanje.
U
and SEE countries.
ekolokom pogledu, globalno zagrijavanje moe imati za posljedicu smanjenje broja vrsta faune
u prirodnim stanitima, te njihov utjecaj na prostorni i vremenski razmjetaj. Uoeno je, npr.,
kako pojedine vrste leptira mijenjaju areal i kod promjena temperature sredine < 1C. Naroito
se moe oekivati utjecaj na dnevne, sezonske i godinje ritmove, aktivnost, te migracije posebno
insekata, te na osjetljivu interakciju insekt-biljka. U grupi nematoda uoeno je da razliite vrste
The
specific goals
this report
are: te da se moe oekivati i smanjenje i poveanje broja vrsta,
na zagrijavanje
tla of
reagiraju
raznoliko,
zavisno od grupe. Za razumijevanje veze populacione biologije kimenjaka i klimatologije, jo uvijek
je nedovoljno
podataka.
se da e ptice
morskih
obalnih stanita
osjetiti vie
negativnih
uinaka
1. to outline
theini
international
context
regarding
e-Accessibility
including
existing
legal
od ostalog dijela ornitofaune.
instruments and strategic level documents;

1.2. About this report

Klimatske
promjene
u BiHpicture
utjecatofe
na razliite for
grupe
ivotinja.people
Vjerovatno
pod
2. to develop
a comparative
e-Accessibility
able-bodied
versusepeople
utjecajem
najvie
biti endemina fauna krakih podruja. Uz pomicanje klimatskih zona moe se
with
disabilities;
oekivati poremeaj nepoznatih fiziolokih i ekolokih uvjeta neophodnih za preivljavanje pojedinih
stenoendeminih
rodova
krakihlevel
i primorskih
gutera. Posebno
je osjetljivostakeholders;
movarno podruje u
3. to assess
the current
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
zoni parka
blato kojeinsethe
nalazi
u submediteranskom pojasu i svrstano je u grupu
4. toprirode
identifyHutovo
good practices
region;
movara od meunarodnog znaaja, prema smjernicama Ramsarske konvencije. Promjena klime
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
poremetit e vremenski raspored migracija i dostupnost izvora hrane. Gubitak movarnog podruja
address
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
kao to -je Hutovo
blatothe
moglo
bi dovesti
do nestanka populacija ptica i kornjaa koje movare
comply
with
requirements
for
thesamo
UN and
EU. migracija.
nastanjuju tokom cijele godine ili su tu prisutne
u doba
Promjena klime i pomjeranje vegetacije mogu takoer znaajno poremetiti buduu distri
buciju ivotinja,
njihovu
brojnost
i opstanak.
Brzina
promjena,
posebno u kombinaciji
s prisustvom
This report
is part
of a larger
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups in e-Governance,
vjetakih
urbanih
i
poljoprivrednih
barijera,
moe
utjecati
na
sposobnost
brojnih
vrsta
da
se preseleby
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed
u zone koje im klimatski i ekoloki znatno vie odgovaraju. Ugroene ili rijetke vrste bit e posebno
the
UNDPnaCountry
Office in aBosnia
andako
Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP
and funded
by the
osjetljive
brze promjene,
posebno
njihova distribucija
bude
prostornoNY,
ograniena
a irina
UNDPs
Democratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust Fund znaajnu
to supportprijetnju
the South
Eastern
Europe region
njihove nie
suena. Promjena
klime
stoga predstavlja
biolokoj
raznovrsnosti.
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
godina
je zabiljeen
pomakdevelopment,
u razdoblju mrijetenja
slatkovodnih
riba od 0,11
regionalPrethodnih
action plan
for Information
Society
and the UNCRPD.
The programmatic
do +0,34 dana/god. Vrijeme povratka ptica selica sa zimovalita dogaa se ranije za 31% vrsta.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Sline promjene dogaaju se i u BiH. Kao i kod biljnih vrsta, populacije mnogih ivotinjskih vrsta,
posebno na rubnim dijelovima areala, bit e izloene fragmentaciji na manje subpopulacije. Tom
project
is e
being
implemented
by the velike
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
prilikomThe
desit
e se da
populacije
koje posjeduju
i brojne subpopulacije
i sporu
migracijsku
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
existing
knowledge,i networks
and koje
resources.
Empowering
sposobnost izgubiti
najmanje
genetske
raznovrsnosti,
obratno. Vrste
se ne uspiju
brzo
genetski prilagoditi
klimatskim
promjenama
izumrijet
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and the
e-SEE e.
Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Neminovno je da e se dio beskimenjaka iroke rasprostranjenosti prilagoditi promjenama
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
kroz migracione procese. Poveanje temperature poremetit e razvojne cikluse vrsta prilagoenih
in
New York
is providing
playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
members of
hladnijim
uvjetima
(npr. expertise
planinskiand
masivi).
Prednost
kimenjaka
je to imaju dobre migracijske
the
Regional(iako
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA) iact
as government
Focal
for their
sposobnosti
lokalno mogu
biti usko
rasprostranjeni)
pomiu
svoj areal bre
odPoints
vegetacijskih
jedinica. Fauna
intersticija uskog obalnog podruja (zavisno od lokalnih topografskih obiljeja)
respective
countries.
moe biti direktno izloena salinizaciji kao posljedici podizanja nivoa mora. Neposredno, a kao
89

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

posljedica sudjelovanja pojedinih mikroorganizama i organizama u sloenim ekolokim lancima,


ukupni efekt na biodiverzitet bit e negativan.

1.
NATIONAL
CIRCUMSTANCES
3.3.5.5. Utjecaji
na faunu
krakih prostora prema klimatskim
scenarija

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Kraka podruja predstavljaju jedinstvene fenomene koji ukazuju na specifine obrasce
requirements
it sets
in all
aspects ofmree,
e-Accessibility
and
how it is to
be implemented.
This is jedne
followed
razvoja Zemljine
kore,
hidroloke
te bioloke
i ekoloke
raznovrsnosti.
Remeenje
od
bynjih
a description
of na
theostatak
majorsistema
instruments
and
actions iat
the
European
Union
relating to
ima posljedice
(Watson
et al.,1997)
kao
posljedica
toga
krakilevel
geo-ekosistemi
disability
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
su jako krhka
podruja
koja prolaze kroz
progresivnu degradaciju izazvanu ljudskim aktivnostima u
mnogim dijelovima nae planete (Parise et al., 2009). Upravljanje krakim terenima je veoma teko,
posebno zbog suoavanja s ogromnom urbanizacijom i napretka poljoprivredne tehnologije.

1.1. Kraka
Whypoljae-Accessibility?
predstavljaju ekoloki najinteresantnije fenomene u oblasti kra, za koja

e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
range of barriers
that
people with
disabilities
and
others
je karakteristino
postojanje
mreethe
podzemnih
tokova, te
poniranje
povrinskih
rijeka
i njihovo
ponovno
pojavljivanje
na
drugim
podrujima.
Takoer,
posebna
karakteristika
je
pojava
povremenih
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
tokova, koji postoje u odreenom dijelu godine, a zatim nestaju. Ova podruja predstavljaju stanita
Society.
brojnih biljnih i ivotinjskih vrsta, od kojih su mnoge endemine i karakteristine samo za ova
podruja, a istovremeno neke imaju i veoma uzak areal rasprostranjenja, odnosno susreu se
can potentially
referpodruja.
to any type
ICT used by
citizens,
involves everything
samo e-Accessibility
u nekim dijelovima
ovih krakih
Odofposebnog
interesa
suand
endemine
vrste riba
from
websites
forjee-government
services,
todio
telephony
support ufor
blind people
to subtitling
gaovice,
za koje
karakteristino
da jedan
godine provode
podzemnim
vodama,
a onda,on
s
pojavom veih
vode,
na povrinu.
television.
Up to koliina
15 percent
of izlaze
the population
across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
Prema ranije koritenoj sistematici radi se o vrstama: gataka gaovica (Paraphoxinus
similar or higher proportion.
metohiensis, Steindachner, 1901), trebinjska gaovica (Paraphoxinus pstrossi Steindachner, 1882)
i popovska gaovica (Paraphoxinus ghetaldii Steindachner, 1882), koje su zatim svrstane u rod
A perhaps
number
of international
agreements,(Steindachner,
regulations and
guidelines
cover
Phoxinellus,
te susurprising
nosile naune
nazive
Phoxynellus metohiensis
1901),
Phoxynellus
pstrossi
1882), Phoxynellus
(Steindachner,
1882).
this
area. (Steindachner,
At the highest international
level, ghetaldii
the UNCRPD,
ratified and
coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Prije izgradnje
akumulacija
i sistema
kanala
i tunela,
gaovice
su najvei
godine provodile
spread across
areas such
as Television
Without
Frontiers
(for
subtitling),
the dio
Copyright
Directive
u podzemnim vodama. U povrinskim vodama pojavljivale su se u proljee, u razdoblju plavljenja
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
polja istone Hercegovine podzemnim vodama. Kao i ostale vrste koje nastanjuju krake vode
isi also
by policy,
andgaovice
guidelines
and benchmarking
exist for programmatic
support.
imajucovered
slian ivotni
ciklus,
se odlikuju
specifinim kompleksom
fiziolokih adaptivnih
Furthermore,
afoot to strengthen
these
and to enact
more
legislation.
mehanizamamoves
koji imare
omoguavaju
takav nain
preivljavanja
(Ivanc
i sar.
1989; Lui, 2009).
Potrebno
istai
da klimatske
promjene
kroz promjenu
temperature
i hidrolokog reima
There
is at je
least
a five-fold
justification
for early
action in the
area of e-Accessibility:
predstavljaju takoer jedan od vidova pritisaka kojem je izloena fauna ovakvih podruja. Poto je ivotni
ciklus ovih vrsta povezan s vremenom pojavljivanja poplava u ovim podrujima, svaka pomjeranja takvih
1. Ituzrokovat
is worthwhile
in its own
right
to improve
access
to services
to people
are already
deavanja
e i promjene
kod
gaovica.
Pri tome
je potrebno
naglasiti
da se owho
razmnoavanju,
helpsi dalje
fulfil nedovoljno
the promise
of Usporedo
the Information
Societypromjenama
to reduce rather
than
biologijimarginalized.
i ekologiji ovihItvrsta
zna.
s klimatskim
i promjene
hidrolokog
reima
do poremeaja,
jer svaka promjena
uobiajenih
tokova variranja
increase
the dovode
disadvantages
certain populations
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort inmoe
this
dovestiarea
do poremeaja
koji
u
znaajnoj
mjeri
mogu
utjecati
na
populacije
pojedinih
vrsta.
is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2.Pored
Improving
access vrsta
to services,
public and
private,
to such
a significant
proportion
of the
endeminih
riba movarni
predjeli
krakih
podruja
predstavljaju
i stanita
mnogihpopulation
vrsta ptica,
a istovremeno
predstavljaju iopportunities,
koridore migracijskih
vrstapublic
ptica services
pri njihovom
opens
significant market/sales
and can help
fulfil
sezonskom
kretanju.
U
ovim
podrujima
konstatirane
su
i
globalno
ugroene
vrste
ptica,
kao
to
their remit in a cost effective manner.
su: Anthya nyroca, Aquila pomarina, Falco neumanni, Crex crex (IUCN Redlist), te njihovi ugroeni
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
for Bird
the marginalized
could
also
lead
to improved
for
srodnici.
Medu vrstama
koje EU Wild
Directive navodi
kao
vrste
koje
trebaju bitiaccess
predmet
2

90

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it cani reduce
cost of za
webnjihov
service
development,
and enhance
the
specijalne
zatite koja
ukljuuje
stanitathe
znaajna
opstanak
i reprodukciju,
a koje
stanite prospects
nalaze nafor
ovom
prostoru,
su:
Gavia
artica,
Ixobrychus
minutes,
Nycticorax
nycticorax,
migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Ardeola ralloides, Egretta alba, Egretta garzetta, Ardea purpurea, Platalea leucorodia, Plegadis
4. The
earlierciconia
action (Bosna
is taken,i the
easier it is Zemlja
to integrate
e-Accessibility
into karakteristiku
development of
falcinellus,
Ciconia
Hercegovina,
raznolikosti).
Posebnu
krakih e-Services
predjela saand
stanovita
ine i predstavnici koji ive u peinama i piljama kojih na
to lowerfaune
the cost.
ovom podruju, zbog konfiguracije terena, ima u velikom broju.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.
3.3.5.6. Utjecaji
na zatiena podruja prema klimatskim

scenarija

1.2.Primjena
About
this report
u arealu pojedinih vrsta i zajednica imat e utjecaja na prostore pod zatitom.

Ovo moe dovesti do potrebe za izmjenom granica nacionalnih parkova: NP Tjentite (Foa),
The
specific goals
of thisureport
are: Srpskoj i NP Una (Biha) u Federaciji BiH. Olakavajua
NP Kozara
(Prijedor)
Republici
okolnost moe biti da granice ovih parkova nisu do danas postavljene precizno, a nisu postavljene
ni u skladu
biolokim
No, context
kako se regarding
radi o dugoronim
procesima
i mogunosti
se
1. tos outline
thekriterijima.
international
e-Accessibility
including
existingdalegal
isprave ovi nedostaci, i potencijalna potreba da se uvae utjecaji promjene klime moe utjecati da
instruments and strategic level documents;
se promijene granice . Oteavajua je okolnost to je do sada tek oko 2% teritorije BiH svrstano
u neku od
kategorija
podruja.
2. to
develop zatienih
a comparative
picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
Na posebnom udaru nai e se rijeke dinarskog sliva, naroito Neretva i Trebinjica.
to assess
thejecurrent
levelbiolokih
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
Podruje3.rijeke
Neretve
zbog svojih
karakteristika
zatieno i uvrteno
u spisak vrijednih
movarnih
stanita
konvenciji
4. to
identifyprema
good RAMSAR-skoj
practices in the
region; (Hutovo blato), jer su mogui negativni trendovi
izrazito nepovoljni.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
-

address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;


comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

3.3.5.7. Utjecaji klimatskih promjena na obalske ekosisteme


Uz utjecaj promjena u reimu temperatura i padavina, na biodiverzitet obalskih ekosistema
This
report
is parteofi apromjena
larger project,
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
jadranske obale
djelovat
u nivouEmpowering
mora. Za podruje
Mediterana
je predvien
porast
that
beingod
implemented
the context
of the e-SEE
Initiative.
is aizloene
regionalovom
project
designedsuby
nivoaismora
34 do 52 cm.inStanita
i biocenoze
koje e
direktnoIt biti
djelovanju
niska
obalska
podruja,
npr.
slanita i estuari.
Moguby
seDG/BDP
oekivatiNY,
promjene
u fizikim,
the
UNDP
Country
Office
in obalski
Bosnia pijesci,
and Herzegovina,
supported
and funded
by the
hidrodinamikim,
biolokim
i hemijskim
prateim
i kvantitativnim
UNDPs
Democratic
Governance
Thematicparametrima
Trust Fund tos support
thekvalitativnim
South Eastern
Europe region
promjenama u sastavu biocenoza. Ozbiljne posljedice po biocenoze slatkih voda moe uzrokovati
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
zagrijavanje povrinskog vodenog sloja i dublji prodor boate vode u estuare. Moe se oekivati
regional
action
plan forpojedinih
Information
Society
development,
and the UNCRPD.
The
programmatic
oteivanje
ili nestanak
vrijednih
obalskih
stanita erozivnim
procesima.
Smjer
promjena
priorities
ofpojedine
the project
are therefore
fullyjealigned
with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
i utjecaj na
taksonomske
grupe
teko predvidljiv.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
3.3.6.1. Prostorno i urbanistiko planiranje
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York
is providing
expertise andsistema
playing an
advisory
role.
Government-appointed
Razvoj
urbanih i peri-urbanih
zahtijeva
vei
slobodni
prostor i sve veumembers
potronjuof
mineralnih
fosilnih goriva.Advisory
Na taj nain,
urbanizacija
i, act
u sklopu
nje, industrijalizacija
the
Regionali e-Governance
Taskforce
(REGATA)
as government
Focal Pointspostaju
for their
aktivni
faktori
ivotne
sredine.
Promjene
u
strukturi
i
nainu
koritenja
prostora
postaju
sve
respective countries.
znaajniji faktor u promjeni atmosfere i urbane klime, koji u veoj ili manjoj mjeri utie na ope
globalne klimatske promjene. Konkretno, poveanje temperature prizemnog vazduha izaziva

3.3.6. Regionalni razvoj

91

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

promjene klime i ekolokih uslova ivota. Poveanje obima proizvodnje u pojedinim aktivnostima
hemijske i mainske industrije naruava strukturu i funkciju ozonskog omotaa i doprinosi
jaem efektu direktnog sunevog zraenja s razliitim posljedicama po ivi svet, ali i na tok
klimatskih promjena. Urbani sustavi, razliite morfologije, strukture, funkcije, veliine itd.
predstavljaju vane faktore u klimatskim promjenama, kako na lokalnom tako i na globalnom
nivou. Stoga, sustavi planiranja, naroito urbanog planiranja, kao i zone posebnih namjena u
vidu odgovarajuih planskih dokumenata, imaju veu ulogu u spreavanju klimatskih promjena
i prilagoavanju
na njih.
This
section presents
an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
3.3.6.2. Ruralno planiranje
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Posmatrano kao faktor prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama, ruralno planiranje je od
neprocjenjive vanosti. Ono obuhvata koritenje zemljita, vodnih resursa, uma i umskih potencijala,
razvoj pojedinih privrednih djelatnosti koje imaju neposredan utjecaj na ivotnu sredinu i klimu, kao to su
turizam, agrobiznis, prerada drveta, koritenje minerala i drugih sirovina, kao i razvoj saobraajnih sustava.
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older
populations
experience
when seeking
participate
on equal
the Information
Destruktivne
snage
u oblasti ruralnog
razvojato
u Bosni
i Hercegovini
su,terms
vie ili in
manje,
neminovna
Society.
pojava u svim drutvenim sustavima i ukazuju na nedosljednosti izmeu opeg, regionalnog i lokalnog
razvoja, kao i nedosljednosti izmeu opeg i sektorskog razvoja. Uprkos takvim preduslovima, ruralni
razvoj e-Accessibility
je opstao i ostao
faktorrefer
odrivog
Zatoused
ruralno
planiranje
ruralni razvoj
(kao
cankljuni
potentially
to anyrazvoja.
type of ICT
by citizens,
andi involves
everything
kljuni segment zatiteokolia) danas imaju sve vei nauni, politiki i praktini znaaj.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.UUp
toprevazilaenja
15 percent of problem
the population
the
Europeanrazlika,
Union has
a disability,
as a
cilju
opegacross
razvoja,
regionalnih
zastoja
u razvojusuch
ruralnih
visual,
hearing,
speech, ruralnih
cognitive,
or motor
and SEE
countries
canunija,
expect
to have a
podruja,
revitalizacije
podruja
itd,impairment,
razvijene zemlje,
naroito
Evropska
uspostavile
su
koncept
integralnog
ruralnog
razvoja
(IRD).
Ovaj
koncept
podrazumijeva
"sve
oblike
ljudske
similar or higher proportion.
djelatnosti zasnovane na lokalnim resursima, u cilju ekonomskog jaanja ruralnih ekonomija,
integralne zatite svih elemenata prostora, te integracije razvojnih i zatitnih ciljeva u funkciji
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
dugoronog odrivog razvoja.
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant
legal model
context.
No single
EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
actions koji
are
Evropski
ruralnog
planiranja,
integralnog
ruralnog
razvoja i ruralnebut
odrivosti,
je
prihvatljiv
za
RS
i
FBiH,
definie
odgovoran
pristup
vrednovanju
razvojnih
potencijala
u
ruralnim
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
sredinama.
krajnjiand
cilj je
ouvanje
okolia
i uspostavljanje
odrivog
razvoja i odrivih
funkcija
(for
copyright Njegov
exemptions),
the
Telecoms
Framework
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
s ciljem zadovoljenja potreba ove i buduih generacija.
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore,
moves
are razvoj
afoot to
strengthen
these
and to enact moreStoga,
legislation.
Odrivi
ruralni
direktno
zavisi
od ouvanjaokolia.
on ukljuuje ekologiju
voda, vazduha i zemljita, te status biodiverziteta kao kljune pokazatelje ouvanja, mogueg
vrednovanja
i neophodnih
zatitnih
mjera. Zakoni
i propisi
o in
zatitiokolia,
na primjer, propisuju
There is
at least a five-fold
justification
for early
action
the area of e-Accessibility:
proceduru za procjenu utjecaja na okoli. Na taj nain, zakoni imaju ulogu stimulativnog faktora u
ruralnom razvoju, tj. odrivi ruralni razvoj predstavlja kljuni preduslov za odriv okoli i spreavanje
1. It is
worthwhile
in its own
rightiztozakona
improve
services to
who are
klimatskih
promjena.
Pojedina
pitanja
o access
okoliu to
prenesena
supeople
na opine,
kaoalready
to su
It helps
fulfil izdavanje
the promise
of the Information
izrada marginalized.
ekolokih akcionih
planova,
ekolokih
dozvola itd. Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Prednost
modela
ruralnog
planiranja
koji
se bazira na integralnom ruralnom razvoju i
area
is likely
to further
marginalize
these
groups.
modelu odrivosti jeste u tome to on podrava i klasinu poljoprivredu i komplementarne aktivnosti
Improving access
public
and private,
to such
a significant
proportion
of the
"u i oko2.poljoprivrede,
imeto
seservices,
omoguava
adaptivni
i preventivni
pristup
klimatskim
promjenama.
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
Pri ruralnom
their
remit in aekonomskom
cost effectiveplaniranju,
manner. koje predstavlja kljuni element ruralnog planiranja
i integralnog ruralnog razvoja, prioritet treba dati razvojnoj politici usmjerenoj na prirodne resurse:
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
for
the marginalized
could
also leadvode),
to improved
for
poljoprivredno
zemljite,
vodni resursi
(rijeke,
jezera, termalne
i mineralne
zatienaaccess
podruja,

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

92

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

it can reduce
the cost
of web
service development,
andmogu
enhance
the
pejzaneable-bodied
vrijednosti, people;
eko-klimatske
vrijednosti,
biogene
vrijednosti
itd. Ovi resursi
da se
koriste kao
osnova
za
poljoprivredu
usmjerenu
na
proizvodnju
bezbjedne,
zdrave
hrane;
umarstvo
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
usmjereno na uzgoj uma i preradu drveta, prikupljanje i obradu umskog voa, ljekovitog bilja itd;
The earlier
actiondaisobezbijedi
taken, theposebne
easier it mogunosti
is to integrate
into development
i seoski 4.
turizam,
koji moe
zae-Accessibility
poboljanje integralnog
ruralnogof
razvoja. e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

3.4. Pregled sposobnosti prilagoavanja


klimatskim promjenama
1.2. About this report

Poglavlje koje slijedi bavi se sposobnostima prilagoavanja u pet oblasti (prilagoeno iz


Smit 2006. i CARE 2013.): informacije, vjetine i menadment, ekonomski resursi, fiziki kapaciteti,
The
specificigoals
of U
this
report
i institucije
mree.
njemu
seare:
daje saeti prikaz opeg politikog i administrativnog okvira za
prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama i finansijskog okruenja za investiranje u projekte koji
direktno1.ili to
indirektno
podravaju
prilagoavanje,
a zatim se razmatraju
sposobnosti
prilagoavanja
outline the
international
context regarding
e-Accessibility
including
existing legal
po sektorima.
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;

3.4.1. Opi okvir politika i politike prilagoavanja


3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
klimatskim promjenama

4. to identify good practices in the region;


5. to
develop a set
of recommendations
for government
and other
stakeholders
howza
to:
Na
regionalnom
nivou,
Bosna i Hercegovina
je podrala izradu
Okvirnog
akcionogon
plana
prilagoavanje
klimatskim
jugoistonoj Evropi (SEE/CCFAP-A) pod pokroviteljstvom
address
thepromjenama
obstacles to ue-Accessibility;
Beogradske inicijative o klimatskim promjenama (SEE, 2007). Ovaj opi politiki okvir i druge
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
relevantne aktivnosti detaljno su opisani u Poglavlju 5.5 o meunarodnoj saradnji ovog izvjetaja.
Prilikom realizacije ovog okvira za prilagoavanje potrebno je razviti sustav indikatora koji je
kompatibilan sa standardima EU, a koji e odgovarati specifinim potrebama Bosne i Hercegovine.
This
reportklimatskih
is part of apromjena
larger project,
Empowering
Marginalised
in e-Governance,
Praenje
utjecaja
zahtijevae
izgradnju
kapaciteta Groups
za upravljanje
razvojem
that
implemented
the contextpotrebama.
of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
koje is
je being
orijentisano
ka oviminspecifinim
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
dravnomGovernance
nivou izraen
je nacrt
Strategije
na klimatske
promjene
i
UNDPsNa
Democratic
Thematic
Trust
Fund toprilagoavanja
support the South
Eastern Europe
region
niskoemisionog razvoja za Bosnu i Hercegovinu. U ovoj strategiji identifikovane su oblasti koje je
in
the implementation
of the Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority Area
of the
e-SEE Agenda+, the
potrebno
ojaati u aktuelnom
politikom
okviru kako
bi se podralo
efikasno
prilagoavanje.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

3.4.2. Ekonomski
podsticaji
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat,
on their
existingpromjenama
knowledge, networks
resources.
Mjerecapitalizing
prilagoavanja
klimatskim
nemogue and
je postii
bez Empowering
adekvatnih
Marginalised
Groups
in
e-Governance
and
the
e-SEE
Secretariat
are
positioned
within
thenivou.
Social
ekonomskih instrumenata. Najvaniji instrumenti i mjere su oni na dravnom i entitetskom
Zakonom o Fondu za zatitu
ivotneSector.
sredineThe
RSUNDP
(2002.)Country
i Zakonom
o Fondu
za zatitu
okolia closely
FBiH
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Office
in Sarajevo
is working
(2003.)
osnovani
su
fondovi
za
prikupljanje
i
raspodjelu
sredstava
za
zatitu
okolia,
ali
to
jo
uvijek
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
nije donijelo oekivane efekte. Novi Zakon o Fondu za zatitu ivotne sredine i energetsku efikasnost
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
usvojen je u novembru 2011. u RS. Njime je definisan novi raspored za raspodjelu sredstava za
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforceje(REGATA)
as government
Focal Points
their
projekte
energetske
efikasnosti
i promijenjeno
ime fonda.act
Izmjene
zakona o fondovima
za for
zatitu
respective
countries.
okolia u FBiH
i Distriktu Brko su u pripremi.

93

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Uprkos meunarodnim obavezama BiH, aktivnosti u oblastima ublaavanja klimatskih promjena i energetske efikasnosti daleko su od zadovoljavajuih. Sadanje razdoblje ekonomskog razvoja
obiljeeno je smanjenom proizvodnjom u poljoprivredi, industriji i energetskom sektoru zbog poslijeratnog oporavka, strukturalnih pitanja naslijeenih iz planske ekonomije iz 1980-ih, i utjecaja svjetske
ekonomske krize. Kao rezultat toga, utjecaji na okoli svedeni su na minimum. Meutim, budui razvoj
BiH pretpostavlja oporavak i bri rast u tri pomenuta sektora, to e proizvesti vee izazove za odrivost.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

U ovom trenutku mogue je pristupiti sredstvima za finansiranje projekata energetske


This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
efikasnosti i obnovljivih izvora energije na Zapadnom Balkanu. Pored toga, ne treba potcjenjivati sredstva
requirements
it sets inzato
all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how it is to
be implemented.
This isini
followed
privatnih investitora,
to oni esto
tragaju za mogunostima
investiranja
u ovaj sektor.
se da
bybiasedescription
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
kombinacijom sredstava iz javnog i privatnog kapitala mogla rijeiti razna pitanja prilagoavanja
klimatskim
promjenama
u Bosni i Hercegovini.
To bi mogao biti jedan od osnovnih zadataka kako insti
disability
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
tucija tako i donosioca odluka. Poto jo uvijek nema odgovarajuih stratekih projekata, potrebno je
unaprijed napraviti odreene korake i kontinuirano izdvajati sredstva za: promociju projekata, izradu
tehnikih uputstava, izradu dokumentacije u vezi s izvrenjem obaveza (due diligence), konkurisanje
za sredstva (krediti ili fondovi), afirmaciju i druge vrste podsticaja. Na kraju, moe se zakljuiti da je
finansiranje kljuno
za planiranje
i sprovoenje
za klimatske
promjene.
e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
the rangeplanova
of barriers
that people
with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Kao to je sluaj i s drugim zemljama u razvoju, BiH je ve pogoena klimatskim
Society.
promjenama, ali ne raspolae neophodnim ljudskim i finansijskim resursima za prilagoavanje.
Stoga se Bosna i Hercegovina obraa Evropskoj uniji, koja se zalae za jaanje dijaloga o klimatskim
e-Accessibility
can potentially
refer
to any type of kandidatima
ICT used by citizens,
involves
promjenama
sa zemljama
kandidatima
i potencijalnim
(trenutniand
status
BiH).everything
Meutim,
to
takoe
predstavlja
generalnu
poruku
svih
strategija
koje
se
bave
pitanjima
proirenja,
pa otuda
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling
on
ne
iznenauje
da
su
u
nekoliko
kljunih
zajednikih
politika
EU
i
budeta
EU
i
drava
lanica
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
predviena znaajna sredstva za odrivi razvoj (ukljuujui i direktne i indirektne investicije u
visual,
speech,klimatskih
cognitive,promjena).
or motor impairment,
and SEEpokazuju
countries
expect promjene
to have a
mjerehearing,
za ublaavanje
Nauna istraivanja
dacan
klimatske
similar
higher utjecati
proportion.
mogu or
znaajno
na vodne resurse, poljoprivredu, ume i umske ekosisteme, stanje obala,
turizam, energetiku, koritenje zemljita i objekte, stanje saobraajne infrastrukture, prirodne
ekosisteme,
zdravlje
ljudi, socio-ekonomski
status i demografske
u zemljama
Jugoistone
A perhaps
surprising
number of international
agreements,trendove
regulations
and guidelines
cover
Evrope. Potencijalni izvori finansiranja za prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama ukljuuju
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
Globalni fond za okoli (Global Environmental Facility), Fond za prilagoavanje, Posebni fond za
the
relevantpromjene
legal context.
single
EU directive
dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but actions
klimatske
i fondNo
"Green
Climate.
Ostaliisdonatori
su Svjetska
banka, Evropska
bankaare
za
spread
such
as Television
Without
Frontierspretpristupne
(for subtitling),
the Copyright
Directive
obnovuacross
i razvojareas
(EBRD)
i FAO,
Evropska unija
(ukljuujui
instrumente,
Sedmi
okvirni
program
EUexemptions),
FP7 i sredstva
EIB),
Program
tehnike (for
saradnje
WMO,
Jugoistonae-Accessibility
Inicijativa za
(for
copyright
and the
Telecoms
Framework
assistive
technologies).
pomo
u
katastrofama
i
adaptaciju
koji
vodi
Svjetska
banka,
te
bilateralni
donatori
(Velika
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic Britanija,
support.
panija, vicarska, vedska, i drugi). Postoje i potencijalna finansijska sredstva za prilagoavanje
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
klimatskim promjenama iz privatnih fondova i investitora, a takoe bi bilo mogue privui sredstva
kroz postojei Multilateralni sporazum o okoliu (MEA) koji bi mogao da obezbijedi sinergije s
There
is at least a five-fold
justification
for early
action inotheokoliu
area ofukljuuju
e-Accessibility:
mjerama
prilagoavanja.
Relevantni
Multilateralni
sporazumi
Konvenciju o
biolokoj raznovrsnosti, Konvenciju Ujedinjenih nacija o borbi protiv dezertifikacije i Ramsarsku
konvencija
U drugim
sposobnosti
prilagoavanja
mogu who
se poveati
kroz
1. It o
ismovarama.
worthwhile in
its own sluajevima,
right to improve
access to
services to people
are already
tehniku pomo koja stavlja naglasak na obrazovanje i saradnju u oblasti klimatskih promjena.
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

3.4.3. Tekoe i rizici u sprovoenju predloenih mjera


2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
prilagoavanja
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their
remit in a cost
effective manner.
U sprovoenju
predloenih
mjera postoje mnogobrojni rizici, a bie potrebno prevazii
i mnoge tekoe. Najznaajnija prepreka je nedostatak finansijskih sredstava potrebnih za
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

94

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; it can Neke
reduceodthe
cost of web
service
development,
and enhance
the
sprovoenje
mjera prilagoavanja.
predloenih
mjera
pretpostavljaju
primjenu
razliitih
vrsta istraivanja
i
razvoj
sustava
za
praenje
klimatskih
promjena,
a
za
sve
to
e
biti
potrebna
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
finansijska sredstva. Dakle, obezbjeivanje finansijskih sredstava predstavlja kljuni prvi korak u
4. The earlier
taken, the
easierseit od
is to
integrate e-Accessibility
into development
implementaciji.
Drugaaction
grupaisprepreka
sastoji
nedostatka
istraivakih kapaciteta
u oblastiof
prilagoavanja
klimatskim
promjenama,
e-Services
and to lower
the cost.nedovoljnih istraivanja o utjecajima klimatskih promjena
i nejasno definiranih uloga razliitih aktera. Istovremeno, neophodno je raditi na promoviranju
Pursuingpromjena
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
and recommendations will assist in the
znaaja 5.
klimatskih
i jaanju
postojeih
kapaciteta.
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

3.4.4. Procjena sposobnosti prilagoavanja po sektorima

1.2.
About this report
3.4.4.1. Sposobnost prilagoavanja u poljoprivredi

The specific
goals ofprilagoavanja
this report are:
Sposobnost
klimatskim prijetnjama u poljoprivrednom sektoru trenutno je na
niskom nivou. U pogledu raspoloivih informacija i znanja, primjetan je nedostatak detaljne analize
o regionalnim
promjenama
unutar BiHcontext
kao i nedostatak
modelovanja usjeva.
Klimatski
podaci
1. to outline
the international
regarding e-Accessibility
including
existing
legal
se ne unose
u
sustave
ranog
upozoravanja
za
poljoprivrednike,
a
poljoprivrednim
proizvoaima
instruments and strategic level documents;
nedostaju informacije o adaptivnim tehnikama poljoprivredne proizvodnje, sjemena sorti i usjevi
koji bi moda
bili tolerantniji
na promjene
sezonskim
obrascima
temperatura
i padavina.
2. to develop
a comparative
pictureu of
e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
versus people
with disabilities;
U pogledu vjetina i upravljanja, postoji generalna potreba za obukom poljoprivrednih
3. to assess
theradno
current
level of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
proizvoaa
o manje
intenzivnim
poljoprivrednim
metodama, tehnikama
uzgoja bolje
prilagoenih
usjeva igood
tehnikama
protivgradne
zatite. U privrednom sektoru, primjetan je opi
4. to identify
practices
in the region;
manjak 5.
investicija
i nedostatak
osiguranja ljetine,
e s poveanjem
vremenskih
to develop
a set of recommendations
for to
government
and otherekstremnih
stakeholders
on how to:
pojava u budunosti sve vie dobivati na znaaju.
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
- pogledu
comply
with requirements
for the UNjeand
EU.
U
fizikih
kapaciteta, primjetan
nedostatak
modernih tehnologija (mnogi
poljoprivredni proizvoai koriste zastarjelu poljoprivrednu opremu, a usljed nedostatka sredstava
i zbog poljoprivredne proizvodnje malog obima nove tehnologije se usvajaju veoma sporo). Pored
toga, primjetan
je is
i nedostatak
infrastrukture
koja bi mogla
odgovoriti klimatskim
prijetnjama,
This report
part of a larger
project, Empowering
Marginalised
Groups in e-Governance,
kao
to
su
sustavi
i
akumulacije
za
navodnjavanje
te
prikupljanje
kinice.
Treba
takoe
pomenutiby
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed
problem nepostojanja veeg izbora klimatski pogodnih sjemena i biljnih sorti.
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPsUDemocratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust Fund
to support the
South Eastern
region
institucionalnom
sektoru,
primjetan
je nedostatak
integracije
pitanjaEurope
klimatskih
in
the implementation
of the Inclusive
Information
Society
Prioritykoordinacije
Area of the ie-SEE
the
promjena
u politike o poljoprivredi
i ruralnom
razvoju,
nedostatak
jasnih Agenda+,
nadlenosti
za poljoprivredne
politike,
kao i nedostatak
programa
za pruanje
strunih
usluga
u poljoprivredi.
regional
action plan
for Information
Society
development,
and the
UNCRPD.
The
programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

3.4.4.2.
Sposobnost
prilagoavanja
u sektoruUNDP-funded
voda
The project
is being implemented
by the Sarajevo-based
e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Kad je u pitanju sposobnost prilagoavanja u sektoru voda, malo toga se promijenilo od Prvog
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
nacionalnog izvjetaja. to se tie informacija, jo uvijek postoji kritian nedostatak hidrolokog
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector. The potencijalnih
UNDP Countryimplikacija
Office in Sarajevo
is working
closely
modelovanja, to veoma
oteava odreivanje
klimatskih
promjena
na
with
the
fellow
UNDP
Country
Offices
in
the
region,
while
the
Office
of
Senior
ICT
Advisor
at
the
BDP
upotrebu energije, vode za pie i navodnjavanja. Iako je uraena opa procjena ranjivosti sektora,
nedostaje
detaljna
procjena
ranjivosti.
toga,
potrebnorole.
je procijeniti
sposobnost prilagoavanja
in
New York
is providing
expertise
andPored
playing
an advisory
Government-appointed
members of
klimatskim
promjenama
za
vodne
resurse.
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
Pored toga, primjetan je i nedostatak mapa ranjivosti i dijagrama rizika od poplava izraenih
pomou GIS tehnika. Treba napomenuti i nedostatak sustava ranog upozoravanja za visoki
95

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

vodostaj i poplave koji bi funkcionisao na osnovu sveobuhvatnih podataka u stvarnom vremenu.


U ekonomskom smislu, ovaj nedostatak informacija proizlazi iz manjka finansiranja za sustave i
institucije za monitoring. ire gledano, nizak nivo investicija takoe utie na sektor voda i vodovodna
preduzea, koja jo uvijek ne raspolau sredstvima za realizaciju vanih nadogradnji i efikasno
odravanje sustava za distribuciju vode, pa stoga i dalje postoji potreba za velikim investicijama u
ovom sektoru.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

to se infrastrukture tie, vodovodni sustavi su u cjelini u prilino loem stanju. Popravke i


This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
dugorono odravanje su neadekvatni, a kao rezultat toga, zastarjeli vodovodni sustavi trpe velike
requirements
sets
in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how it is to
be implemented.
This
is znai
followed
gubitke vode.it U
pojedinim
vodovodima
koliina neobraunate
vode
premauje 85%,
to
da
bypreduzea
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
koja upravljaju ovim vodovodima ne mogu ekonomski da posluju. Isplative tehnologije
i prakse,inkao
to suand
efikasnije
pumpe iinprogrami
za otkrivanje curenja, koje bi ujedno doprinijele i
disability
general
e-Accessibility
particular.
ublaavanju klimatskih promjena, nisu uobiajene. Stoga, smanjenje gubitaka predstavlja najvaniji
"resurs za domainstva koji moe znatno smanjiti ranjivost u ovom sektoru.

1.1. Mjere
Why
e-Accessibility?
zatite od poplava predstavljaju jo jednu oblast u kojoj je sposobnost prilagoavanja

na niskom nivou.
Kadaovercoming
je rije o institucijama
i mreama,
i dalje
postoji
potreba
za ugraivanjem
e-Accessibility
is about
the range of
barriers that
people
with
disabilities
and others
pitanja
klimatskih
promjena
u
sektorske
zakone
i
programe
i
za
usklaivanjem
tih
programa.
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

3.4.4.3.
Sposobnost prilagoavanja u sektoru zdravstva
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites
forpostoje
e-government
services, toutjecaja
telephony
supportpromjena
for blind na
people
to subtitling
on
Iako ne
precizni pokazatelji
klimatskih
zdravlje
ljudi, moglo
television.
Up to 15 percent
of the
population
across the European
Union
has a disability,
such as i,a
bi se pretpostaviti
da je svaka
investicija
u prilagoavanje
klimatskim
promjenama
i ekonomski
prije
svega,
ljudski
izvodljiva
i
isplativa.
U
tom
smislu
neophodno
je
mnogo
vie
sredstava
usmjeriti
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to
have a
na
sprjeavanje
toplotnog
udara,
javno
obrazovanje
i
informisanje,
i
primijenjena
istraivanja.
similar or higher proportion.
U pogledu informacionih kapaciteta, primjetan je nedostatak praenja akutnih i hroninih
A
surprising
number
of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
bolesti, perhaps
zbog ega
je izuzetno
teko
formulisati efikasnu
strategiju
za praenje
zdravstvenih
this
area. Atizazvanih
the highest
international
level, the UNCRPD,
ratified
and coming
into force
in 2008, is
problema
klimatskim
promjenama.
U medicinskoj
zajednici
primjetan
je i nedostatak
informacija
o
klimatskim
promjenama
i
zdravlju,
posebno
o
zdravstvenim
rizicima
za
odreene
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions
are
osjetljive grupe. Ovim grupama moda takoe nedostaju informacije o klimatskim dogaajima
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
naroito o toplotnim okovima to moe ugroziti njihovo zdravlje.
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered
guidelines
and za
benchmarking
existprilagoavanja,
for programmatic
Trenutnobynepolicy,
postojeand
finansijska
sredstva
zdravstvene mjere
a ovaj support.
problem
je dodatno uslonjen
da u sektoru
nije more
uraena
analiza trokova i koristi
Furthermore,
moves areinjenicom
afoot to strengthen
thesezdravstva
and to enact
legislation.
za mjere prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama. Ako bi se smrtnost u ekstremnim klimatskim
uslovima, kao to su toplotni okovi, smanjila za samo 10%, ulaganja u mjere prilagoavanja bi se
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
viestruko isplatila.
1.UItpogledu
is worthwhile
in its ownnajvee
right totekoe
improvepostoje
accessutonerazvijenim,
services to people
are already
infrastrukture,
manjimwho
mjestima
koja
nemajumarginalized.
adekvatne domove
zdravlja.
Nedostaci
u
primarnoj
zdravstvenoj
zatiti
mogu
oteati
It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
brzu identifikaciju
i
reagovanje
na certain
prijetnjepopulations
zaraznih bolesti,
a pacijenti insufficient
s odreenim
hroninim
increase the disadvantages
face. Conversely,
effort
in this
zdravstvenim problemima (kao to su kardiovaskularne bolesti) su ranjiviji kada ti problemi nisu
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
efikasno tretirani.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
to se tieopens
institucija
i mrea,
Institut za javno
zdravlje bi and
imaocan
koristi
jaanja
kapaciteta
population
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
helpod
public
services
fulfil
za rjeavanje klimatskih prijetnji. Primjetan je i nedostatak efikasnih sustava upozoravanja i
their remit
cost effective
manner.dogaaje koji mogu predstavljati opasnost po zdravlje
preventivnih
mjerainzaa ekstremne
vremenske
stanovnitva
u BiH. e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
3. Improving
2

96

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; itprilagoavanja
can reduce the cost of
service development, and enhance the
3.4.4.4.
Sposobnost
u web
umarstvu
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Sposobnost prilagoavanja u sektoru umarstva na promjene temperature i padavina,
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
poveane koncentracije CO2, te na druge elementarne nepogodne je na veoma niskom nivou. Iako
e-Servicesda
and
to lower promjene
the cost. dugorono transformiu gotovo sve umske ekosisteme
postoji mogunost
klimatske
pomjerajui raspored i sustav umskih zajednica, nisu definirana podruja koja su najvie ugroena
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
klimatskim promjenama i ne postoji detaljnija analiza utjecaja klimatskih promjena za pojedine
aspects
of the
development
of the Information Society in the EU
of different
umske convergence
zajednice, odnosno
visinske
zone na
kojima
su one rasprostranjene.
and SEE countries.
U pogledu fizikh kapaciteta izdvajamo nedovoljnu i zastarjelu tehniku za gaenje umskih
poara. U Bosni i Hercegovini ne postoje trajne mjerne stanice u kojima se vri monitoring i
praenje promjena i reakcije najznaajnijih umskih ekosistema na klimatske promjene.

1.2. About this report

U institucionalnom okviru primjetan je nedostatak integracije problema i pitanja klimatskih


The specific goals of this report are:
promjena u politike i strategije o umarstvu, te nedostatak koordinacije meu upravljaima i
korisnicima umskih resursa. Klimatske promjene se ne spominju ni u redovnim i zakonom
1. toplanovima
outline the
context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
definisanim
za international
gazdovanje umama.
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus
3.4.4.5.
Sposobnost prilagoavanja u oblasti biodiverziteta i
with disabilities;
osjetljivih ekosistema

people

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


Drugim
nacionalnim
izvjetajem
je region;
jasno precizirano da su ve sada pojedine biljne i ivoti
4. to identify
good practices
in the
njske vrste
ugroe
poveanja temperature
i smanjenja
padavina.
Iako su promjene
5. toveoma
develop
a set usljed
of recommendations
for government
and other
stakeholders
on how to:
granice arela i fragmentacija stanita ve primjetni, najosjetljivija podruja i najugroenije vrste
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
flore i faune nisu definisana.
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

Monitoring biodiverziteta i naunih istraivanja je zbog nedostatka finansijskih sredstava


na veoma niskom nivou.
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
U institucionalnom
neophodno
jaanje
aktivnosti
i kapaciteta
bi omoguivale
that is being
implemented pogledu
in the context
of thejee-SEE
Initiative.
It is
a regionalkoje
project
designed by
proirenje zatienih podruja.
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

3.5. Predloene mjere prilagoavanja na


klimatske promjene

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


U ovom poglavlju daje se spisak potencijalnih mjera prilagoavanja za BiH po sektorima i
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
spisak potencijalnih investicionih projekata koje bi podrali prilagoavanje.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
Country
Office
is working
closely
Iz prateeg istraivanja
i analize
u The
ovomUNDP
poglavlju
jasno
je dainjeSarajevo
analiza trokova
i koristi
najvaniji
korakUNDP
koji treba
preduzeti
s predloenim
mjerama
navedenim
u
with
the fellow
Country
Offices uinvezi
the region,
while the
Office ofprilagoavanja
Senior ICT Advisor
at the BDP
tabeli
koja
slijedi.
Takoe
je
veoma
vano
da
se
obezbijedi
tijesna
isprepletenost
pitanja
klimatskih
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
promjena i razvoja politika: nalazi iz primijenjenih istraivanja treba da se koriste kao osnov za
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
sektorski razvoj i ope drutveno-ekonomske razvojne politike, a ove politike pak moraju uzeti u
respective
countries. utjecaj na sposobnost BiH da se prilagodi klimatskim promjenama.
obzir svoj potencijalni

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Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

3.5.1 Potencijalne mjere po sektorima

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Sektor

Potencijalne mjere

Razvoj model usjeva koji mogu pruiti informacije o rasporedu sadnje i


pogodnim sortama usjeva

This section presents an Implementacija


overview of the
UNCRPD,
its significance
and
main sections,
i usvajanje
godinjih
lista sorti usjeva
i poboljanja
u smislu the
veeg izbora
sorti
requirements it sets in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Poveana
svijest javnosti
o utjecaju
promjena
na poljoprivredu
i to
by a description of the major
instruments
and actions
atklimatskih
the European
Union
level relating
pruanje obrazovanja i obuke poljoprivrednim proizvoaima;
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Izgradnja akumulacija i kolektora za vodu; prikupljanje kinice (individualna
domainstva, lokalni, regionalni, entitetski i dravni nivo)

Poveana proizvodnja u staklenicima i drugim ekoloki kontrolisanim podrujima


1.1. Why e-Accessibility?
Unapreenje i razvoj tehnika protivgradne zatite

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
irenje "dobre prakse u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Razvoj diversifikovane poljoprivrede
Society.
Promocija integralnog odrivog razvoja i energetske efikasnosti u sektoru
poljoprivrede
e-Accessibility can potentially
refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything

Razvoj sektorske
za prilagoavanje
promjenama
from websites for e-government
services,strategije
to telephony
support forklimatskim
blind people
to subtitling on
Donoenje
dugoronih
strategija
za
razvoj
poljoprivrede
na
dravnom
i
television.
Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such
as a
Poljoprivreda
entitetskom nivou
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
Bre usklaivanje s evropskim standardima u oblasti poljoprivrede i odrivog
similar or higher proportion.
razvoja. Bosna i Hercegovina i dalje ne moe da koristi znaajna sredstva iz
strukturnih i kohezionih fondova, tako da je proces integracije neophodan za
proizvodnje iagreements,
zadovoljavajue
stope zaposlenosti
u sektorucover
A perhaps surprisingpostizanje
number rasta
of international
regulations
and guidelines

this area. At the highest international


level,
theegzotermnih
UNCRPD, i/ili
ratified
and coming
into force
in 2008, is
Intenziviranje
uzgoja
kserofitnih
vrsta otpornih
na vie
temperature
i
niu
vlanost
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Smanjenje
rizika
u proizvodnji,
posebno
male poljoprivredne
proizvoae
spread across areas such as
Television
Without
Frontiers
(for za
subtitling),
the Copyright
Directive
(kako bi se ouvali mali poljoprivredni proizvoai)*
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
efekata
kolebanja
cijena poljoprivrednih
roba*
is also covered by policy, Ublaavanje
and guidelines
and
benchmarking
exist for programmatic
support.
Poveanje
ulaganja
u
poljoprivredu,
naroito
u
nova
sjemena,
poboljano
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
upravljanje, te upravljanje zemljitem i navodnjavanjem*

Pruanje transparentnog i pouzdanog regulatornog okruenja za razvoj

There is at least a five-fold


justification
for early
action
in the area
of e-Accessibility:
poljoprivrede
koje e privui
privatne
investicije
i poveati
produktivnost*
Smanjenje gubitaka u lancu snabdijevanja hranom (naroito u toku i poslije etve)*

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Razvoj odrivog upravljanja prirodnim resursima, posebno uma, vodnih
marginalized. It helps
fulfil(ukljuujui
the promise
of theto
Information
to bezbjednost
reduce rather
than
resursa
ribarstvo),
je od velikogSociety
znaaja za
hrane*
increase the disadvantages
certain ranjivosti
populations
face. sposobnosti
Conversely,prilagoavanja
insufficient effort
in this
Detaljna procjena
i procjena
klimatskim
area is likely to further
marginalize
these
groups.
promjenama
za vodne
resurse
mapa ranjivosti
rizikato
odsuch
poplava
izraenih pomou
GIS tehnika
2. Improving accessIzrada
to services,
publici dijagrama
and private,
a significant
proportion
of the
population opens significant
market/sales
opportunities,
andi can
help public
Izgradnja nekoliko
funkcionalnih
akumulacija
regulacija
rijeka**services fulfil
their remit in a costPoboljanje
effective manner.
u sustavima za hidroloko praenje i mjerenje, i u sustavima za

Vode

rano upozoravanje
visoki vodostaj
3. Improving e-Accessibility
for the za
marginalized
could also lead to improved access for

98

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Poboljanje sustava za zatitu od poplava
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Razvoj sektorskog plana za prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama

4. The earlier action


is taken, problema
the easierutjecaja
it is toklimatskih
integrate promjena
e-Accessibility
into development
of
Ugraivanje
u sektorske
strategije i
e-Services and to akcione
lower the
cost.
planove
Jaanje istraivakih aktivnosti u pogledu utjecaja klimatskih promjena na
Vode5. Pursuing approaches
that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
vodne resurse i modelovanje hidrolokih procesa

convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU


Izgradnja kapaciteta nadlenih institucija i lokalnih zajednica, te podizanje
and SEE countries.svijesti o utjecaju klimatskih promjena na vodne resurse i sposobnost
prilagoavanja

Promocija integralnog odrivog razvoja i efikasnog upravljanja vodama


1.2. About this
report
Sprovoenje detaljne procjene ranjivosti na klimatske promjene u sektoru
zdravstva

The specific goals of this report


are: i utvrivanje utjecaja kritinih temperatura na zdravlje ljudi
Istraivanje
Jaanje primarne zdravstvene zatite u gradovima i ruralnim podrujima

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


Poboljanje u istraivakim aktivnostima u vezi s povezanou i utjecajem
instruments and strategic
documents;
klimatskihlevel
promjena
na zdravlje ljudi

Zdravstvo

Ukljuivanje
klimatskih
promjena u strategije
zdravstvenog
sektora
2. to develop a comparative
picture
of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
versus people
with disabilities; Uspostavljanje praenja prenosnika bolesti, zaraznih bolesti i infektivnih bolesti

Jaanjelevel
kapaciteta
Instituta za javno
3. to assess the current
of e-Accessibility
andzdravlje
e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good Jaanje
practices
in thei region;
strunih
istraivakih kapaciteta
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Jaanje kapaciteta nadlenih institucija i programa kontrole
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Sprovoenje detaljne procjene utjecaja klimatskih promjena na umske
comply withekosisteme
requirements for the UN and EU.
Poboljanja u sustavima za zatitu uma od poara (jaanje kapaciteta za
praenje, ljudskih resursa, tehnika i tehnologije)

This report is part Poveanje


of a largerpovrine
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
zatienih
uma (koje
u ovom trenutku
pokrivaju
teritorije)
uspostavljanje
trajnog uzorkovanja
zemljita
za praenje
that is being implemented12%
in the
contexti of
the e-SEE Initiative.
It is a regional
project
designed by
klimatskih
promjena
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Razvoj sektorskog
prilagoavanje
UNDPs Democratic Governance
Thematic plana
Trustza
Fund
to supportklimatskim
the Southpromjenama
Eastern Europe region
Poboljanja
i aktivnostima
praenja
za the
in the implementation of the
Inclusiveu istraivakim
Information aktivnostima
Society Priority
Area of the
e-SEE(sustav
Agenda+,
umarstvo
rano
upozoravanje
za
umske
poare,
sustav
upozoravanja
na
tetoine
itd.)
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
metoda
i modela
promjena
u strukturi
umskih
priorities of the project areRazvoj
therefore
fully
aligned
with the
targets of
e-SEEekosistema
Agenda+. na osnovu
klimatskih modela

Poumljavanje
The project is being
implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing Detaljno
on theirmapiranje
existingstvarne
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Empowering
i potencijalne
umske
vegetacije
pomou
GIS-a
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Ukljuivanje pitanja klimatskih promjena u strategije i akcione planove
Inclusion/Democratic Governance
Sector.
umarskog
sektoraThe UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country
Officeszatita
in theuma
region,
thetetoina
Office ofi bolesti
Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Poboljana
od while
umskih
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
Poveanje broja zatienih podruja i unapreenje sustava za upravljanje
the Regional e-Governance
Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Biodiverzitet i ranjivi zatienim oblastima kako bi postigao samoodrivost
respective
countries.
ekosistemi
Podeavanje prostornih planova i planova upravljanja zatienim podrujima
u skladu s utjecajima klimatskih promjena

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Drugi NATIONAL
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Ujedinjenih
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SECOND
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UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Planiranje i prognoziranje promjena u granicama zatienih podruja


Eksperimentalna istraivanja o utjecajima klimatskih promjena, i studije o
odgovorima ekosistema na ove vrste utjecaja

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Ouvanje migracionih puteva i razvoj novih migracionih puteva i koridora


razliitih vrsta u oblastima naruenih biotopa
Razvoj infrastrukture za naune procjene, prognoziranje i praenje promjena
u zemljinim ekosistemima i biolokoj raznovrsnosti

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Podizanje svijesti o znaaju klimatskih promjena za biodiverzitet i osjetljive ekosisteme
requirements
it sets
in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Biodiverzitet
i ranjivi
Podeavanje
programa
na at
nivou
ekosistemi of the major
by a description
instruments
and zatite
actions
thevrsta
European Union level relating to
Dodatna zatita
disability in general and e-Accessibility
in odreenih
particular.ekosistema u oblastima kao to su Bardaa i
Hutovo Blato

Osnivanje banaka sjemena za ouvanje genetskog fonda endemskih i ranjivih


vrsta flore i faune, za skladitenje prikupljenih biljnih sjemena i uzoraka
ivotinjskih vrsta

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility is about overcoming


the
rangemigracija
of barriers
that people
withi faune
disabilities and others
Neophodna
procjena
invazivnih
vrsta flore
such as older populations experience
when seeking
to institucija
participate
on equal
terms koje
in the
Jaanje kapaciteta
nadlenih
i naunih
zajednica
seInformation
bave
biodiverzitetom
Society.
Prilagoavanje aktivnosti u i oko poljoprivrede u ruralnim podrujima, kako
bi se smanjila
njihova
podlonost
buduim
razvoj
e-Accessibility can potentially
refer
to any
type of ICT
usedklimatskim
by citizens,promjenama;
and involves
everything
poljoprivredne proizvodnje za unutranja trita u okviru ruralne ekonomije (npr.
from websites for e-government
services,
to telephony
support for
blindi people
to subtitling
prehrambeni
proizvodi
za potrebe planinskog,
seoskog
rekreativnog
turizma i on
autentinih
prehrambenih
proizvoda
u malim
fabrikama)
television. Up to 15 percent proizvodnja
of the population
across
the European
Union
hasporodinim
a disability,
such as a
Prilagoavanje
nepoljoprivrednih
usluga potencijalnim
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive,
or motor
impairment, djelatnosti
and SEE icountries
can expectbuduim
to have a
klimatskim
promjenama,
kao
to
je
razvoj
banjskog
ili
primorskog
turizma.
similar or higher proportion.
Planinski turizam treba intenzivirati, posebno na najatraktivnijim planinama,
poto e poveanja temperature uiniti ove destinacije idealnim za odmor
budunosti, ove
oblasti bi mogle
da postanu
interesantne
A perhaps surprisingi rekreaciju.
number ofUinternational
agreements,
regulations
and
guidelinesi cover
profitabilne
za
investitore
van
Bosne
i
Hercegovine
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is

ekonomske
politike
e obezbijediti
dugoroni ekonomski
rast,
the relevant legal context. Usvajanje
No single
EU directive
iskoja
dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but actions
are
smanjiti nezaposlenost, poboljati ivotni standard i uvaiti potrebu za ublaavanjem
spread across areas such as
Television
Frontiers
subtitling),
thepolitike
Copyright
Directive
moguih
utjecajaWithout
klimatskih
promjena.(for
Ekonomske
razvojne
i strategije
(for copyright exemptions), and
Telecoms
Framework
(for
assistive
technologies).
trebathe
prilagoditi
u skladu
s nalazima
scenarija
klimatskih
promjena.e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, Sprovoenje
and guidelines
benchmarking
exist
for programmatic
support.
mjeraand
zatite
za ljude i imovinu
u podrujima
koja su podlona
Regionalni razvoj
poarima,
poplavama,
klizitima
i
bujicama.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

Integracija ublaavanja rizika od klimatskih promjena u politike zatiteokolia,


energetske politike, vodoprivredne politike, politike upravljanja umama i druge
There is at least a five-fold
justification
fordrutveno-ekonomski
early action in therazvoj.
area Neophodno
of e-Accessibility:
dokumente
od znaaja za
je usvojiti
mjere prilagoavanja koje se odnose na neke ope aktivnosti (konkretne mjere su
u strategije,
politike,access
razvojnetoprograme
Odgovarajue
mjere
1. It is worthwhile inintegrisane
its own right
to improve
servicesi planove).
to people
who are already
treba da obuhvate osnovne socijalne politike kako bi se smanjili utjecaji klimatskih
marginalized. It helps
fulfil uthe
promise
the Information
reduce rather than
promjena
socijalnoj
sferiof
(posebno
u oblastima sSociety
najveimtorizicima)

increase the disadvantages


certain populations
Conversely,
insufficient
effort
in this
Primjena sljedeih
kriterijuma zaface.
investicione
projekte:
opravdanost
u smislu
area is likely to further
marginalize
utjecaja
na ivotnuthese
i radnugroups.
sredinu, u smislu zapoljavanja i opravdanosti
investicionih projekata u oblasti regionalnog i ruralnog razvoja

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Poveanje aktivnosti na edukaciji stanovnitva i predstavnika institucija i
population opens significant
opportunities,
can help
public efektima,
services fulfil
privrede o market/sales
utjecajima klimatskih
promjena,and
njihovim
negativnim
i rizicima
i neophodnosti pravovremenog prilagoavanja ovim utjecajima
their remit in a costkao
effective
manner.
(posebno za iru javnost, naroito mlade, i donosioce odluka na dravnom,

3. Improving e-Accessibility
for
the marginalized
could also lead to improved access for
entitetskom
i lokalnom
nivou)
2

100

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people;
it can reduce
thenacost
of webspecifinih
service development,
enhancei the
Intenziviranje
napora
rjeavanju
problema u BiHand
(deminiranje
prospects for migrating
web services
ontolica,
newizbjeglica
platforms
such as mobile
phones.
puna integracija
raseljenih
i povratnika)
koji mogu
predstavljati
teret u sprovoenju stratekih razvojnih planova i programa za ublaavanje

4. The earlier action


is taken,utjecaja
the easier
it is topromjena
integrate e-Accessibility into development of
negativnih
klimatskih
e-Services and to Podsticanje
lower the cost.
i intenziviranje nauno-istraivakog rada u oblasti klimatskih

promjena, ukljuujui studije rizika od negativnih utjecaja, kao i njihovih


Regionalni
razvoj approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
5. Pursuing
implikacija na drutveno-ekonomski razvoj. Sadanji obim i kvalitet naunoaspects
development
the Information
in the EU
convergence of different
istraivakog
radaof
nethe
zadovoljava
potrebeofBosne
i HercegovineSociety
(ni interne
potrebe
ni
zahtjeve
procesa
evro-integracija)
and SEE countries.
Sprovoenje popisa, kojim bi se obezbijedio temeljit pregled raspoloivih
resursa i njihove geografske distribucije, te omoguilo da budue strategije i
planovi razvoja odraavaju realno stanje.

1.2. About this


report
Izbor stabilnog sustava za praenje podataka o klimatskim promjenama,
rezultata prilagoavanja i pokazatelja koji koriste meunarodno priznate

The specific goals of this report


are: i praenje promjena u odrivom razvoju, ak i u atmosferi
metodologije

nepovoljnih klimatskih promjena. Ovo se moe proiriti i integrisati u


postojee sustave meteorolokog izvjetavanja ili u redovne statistike
1. to outline the international
context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
izvjetaje entitetskih institucija i Agencije za statistiku BiH.

instruments and strategic


level documents;
Poboljanja u postojeem sustavu meteorolokih osmatranja koja e omoguiti

praenje klimatskih
promjena
i rezultatafor
prilagoavanja,
i sustave
2. to develop a comparative
picture of
e-Accessibility
able-bodiedukljuujui
people versus
people
ranog upozoravanja. Razvoj kapaciteta za profesionalce treba integrisati u
with disabilities; meunarodni osmatraki sustav (ovo treba da se razvije u poseban projekat,

kroz uspostavljanje sustava prilagoavanja na klimatske promjene).


to assess
the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
Opa3.politika
i
Imenovanje profesionalnih i politikih tijela koja e voditi ekonomski razvoj u
planiranje
4. to identify good practices in the region;
nestabilnim klimatskim uslovima. Savjet ministara, entitetske vlade, ekonomski
5. to develop a seti of
recommendations
government
and
stakeholders
onnivou
how to:
urbanistiki
organi vlasti for
i druga
struna tijela
naother
dravnom
i entitetskom
da buduto
u stanju
da sprovode mjere za spreavanje nepovoljnih utjecaja
address thetreba
obstacles
e-Accessibility;
klimatskih promjena, pored svojih tradicionalnih uloga u klasinom ekonomskom
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
planiranju i budetiranju u okviru parlamentarne strukture. Potrebno je utvrditi
obaveze politikih institucija u Bosni i Hercegovini i njihove uloge i odgovornosti u
vezi s odrivim razvojem u kontekstu klimatskih promjena.

This report is part Gajenje


of a larger
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups inozbiljnih
e-Governance,
javnog
raspoloenja
koje bi ilo
u prilog preduzimanju
koraka
klimatskih
promjena,
ukljuujui
kako
u materijalne
that is being implementedzainrjeavanje
the context
of the e-SEE
Initiative.
It is ulaganja
a regional
project
designed by
tako i u ljudske resurse. Kljune inicijative, politike i mjere prilagoavanja su
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
na dravnom nivou u okviru meunarodne saradnje.
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
* Predloene mjere oznaene zvjezdicom (*) preuzete su i prilagoene iz preporuka sadranih u izvjetaju FAO-a (FAO/IFAD/WFP 2011)
in
the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
u kom se istrauju metodi za smanjenje gladi u svijetu. U izvjetaju se istiu spekulacije na svjetskim tritima hrane koje dovode do
poveanja cijena,
kao iplan
uzrocifor
globalne
nesigurnosti Society
u sektoru. development,
Ovo stanje se naroito
negativno
odraava na najsiromanije
i zemlje u
regional
action
Information
and
the UNCRPD.
The programmatic
razvoju. U ovom izvjetaju, koji predstavlja nadogradnju na prethodne izvjetaje, naglaavaju se sljedee aktivnosti koje imaju za cilj
priorities
ofodrivosti
the project
are therefore
aligned
obezbjeivanje
i bezbjednosti
u proizvodnjifully
i ponudi
hrane: with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

** Prema ranijim analizama, u BiH su sve izraenija neujednaena oticanja, a predvia se da e efekti klimatskih promjena biti osjetniji
u regionima u kojima je klimatska nelinearnost do sada bila najizraenija. Neravnomjerna raspodjela oticanja karakteristina je za
The
project
is being
implemented
by jethe
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
Initiative
kraki region
u vodnom
podruju
Jadranskog
mora u BiH, gdje
mrea
vodotoka prilino nerazvijena.
Situacija je e-SEE
naroito nepovoljna
3
/s)
iscrpljeno
postojeim
u
slivu
rijeke
Bosne,
gdje
je
priblino
82%
kapaciteta
podzemnih
voda
(to
prema
procjenama
iznosi
oko
5,9
m
Secretariat,10 capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
vodozahvatima. Akumulacije omoguavaju da se postojei uslovi iskoriste na takav nain da se postigne optimalno upravljanje vodnim
resursima. Pored proizvodnje
energije, akumulacije
mogu
da prueSecretariat
zatitu od poplava
poslue za prikupljanje
rezervi
vode
Marginalised
Groups elektrine
in e-Governance
and the
e-SEE
arei dapositioned
within the
Social
za razdoblje sue, vodosnabdijevanje, navodnjavanje, plovidbu, ribarstvo, rekreativne aktivnosti i druge potrebe. Do danas, BiH je izgradila
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
Thepoveanih
UNDPekonomskih,
Country Office
Sarajevo
is working
ekolokihin
i socijalnih
trokova
sve je tee closely
izabrati
vienamjenske akumulacije ukupne
zapremine 3.851
hm3. Zbog
lokacije
za
izgradnju
brana
i
akumulacija.
Meutim,
kako
bi
se
zadovoljila
sve
vea
potranja
za
vodom,
treba
razmotriti
opciju
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor
atproirenja
the BDP
ukupne zapremine akumulacija, bilo kroz izgradnju novih ili poveanje kapaciteta postojeih akumulacija.

in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
TabelaAdvisory
22. MjereTaskforce
prilagoavanja
klimatskim
promjenama
the Regional e-Governance
(REGATA)
act as
government Focal Points for their
respective countries.
10 "Podrka vodnoj politici u BiH; projekat je finansiran od strane EU IPA za 2007. godinu.
101

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

3.5.2. Prijedlog projektnih ideja za prilagoavanje


klimatskim promjenama

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Analizom prioritetnih sektora, koja je sprovedena prilikom izrade BiH Strategije


prilagoavanja na klimatske promjene i niskoemisiong razvoja, utvreno je da su poljoprivreda i
vodni
resursipresents
najvie osjetljivi
na klimatske
promjene. Zbog
toga je i fokus
projekata
This
section
an overview
of the UNCRPD,
its significance
andprioritetnih
main sections,
the
usmjeren upravo na navedene sektore. Realizacija projektnih aktivnosti je planirana u naredne tri
requirements
it sets
in allusvoje
aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how it 2013-2015).
is to be implemented.
Thisfinancijskih
is followed
godine, nakon
to SNC
nadlene
institucije (oekivano
Mogui izvori
bysredstava
a description
of the major predloenih
instrumentsprojekata
and actions
Unionbanka,
level Zeleni
relating
to
za implementaciju
mogliatbithe
biti:European
GEF, Svjetska
fond
za klimatske
promjene,
IPA fondovi, Fond
za zatitu ivotne sredine i energetsku efikasnost RS,
disability
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
Fond za zatitu okolia FBiH...

1.1. Prioritetni
Why projekti:
e-Accessibility?
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
1. Prilagoavanje
na suu iwhen
jaanje
kapaciteta
- obuhvata
aktivnosti
koje
issuch as older
populations experience
seeking
to participate
onset
equal
terms in
theukljuuju
Information
traivanje sue na bazi klimatskih indeksa, determinisanje regionalnog rasporeda sue,
Society.
idejna rjeenja i izvedbene projekte sa ciljem obezbjeivanja nedostatka vode u sunom
periodu.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
2. Agroklimatska
rejonizacija
prema
klimatskimsupport
scenarijima
- podrazumijeva
utvrivanje
from websites
for e-government
services,
to telephony
for blind
people to subtitling
on
prostorne
distribucije
optimalnih
agroklimatskih
uslova
za
uzgoj
pojedinih
poljoprivrednih
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
kultura na teritoriji Bosne i Hercegovine na osnovu analiza temperature i padavina, kao
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
najvanijih agroklimatskih elemenata. Analiza agroklimatskih uslova e seraditi za prosimilar or higher
proportion.
jektovane
klimatske periode (do 2100).
meteorolokog,
hidrolokog
i ekolokog
monitoringa
- podrazumijeva
tehniko jaanA 3. Jaanje
perhaps surprising
number
of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
je
institucija
koje
vre
meteoroloki,
hidroloki
i
ekoloki
monitoring
u
Bosni
i
Hercegovini.
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant
legal context.
No za
single
EU directive
is dedicated -topodrazumijeva
e-Accessibility,
but actions
are
4. Izgradnja
sistema
navodnjavanje
i odvodnjavanje
izgradnju
viefunkspread across
areas such
as Television
Frontiers
(for subtitling),
cionalnih
akumulacija
u cilju Without
prilagoavanja
na poplave
i sue. the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
5. Poboljanje
snabdijevanja
stanovnitva
vodom obuhvata
ruralnih podruja
is also covered
by policy,
and guidelines
and benchmarking
exist istraivanje
for programmatic
support.
u smislu optimalnog vodosnabdijevanja te tehniku realizaciju (kaptiranje izvora i izrada
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
lokalnih vodovoda) na identifikovanim lokacijama
There
is at least a
five-fold
justification
for early
action
in the area
of e-Accessibility:
6. Ekonomski
utjecaji
klimatskih
promjena
u Bosni
i Hercegovini
podrazumijeva
istraivanje
i procjenu ekonomskih utjecaja klimatskih promjena po sektorima (poljoprivreda, vodni
biodiverzitet,
umarstvo
dr)
1. It isresursi,
worthwhile
in its own
right to iimprove
access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
7. Razvoj hidrolokih modela prema klimatskim scenarijima - na bazi hidrolokih modeincrease
themogue
disadvantages
certain
populations
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort
in this
la bie
optimalnije
planiranje
za prilagoavanje
vodnih
resursa na
klimatske
area promjene
is likely toufurther
BiH. marginalize these groups.
2.8. Unapreenje
Improving access
services,
public and private,
such a significant
proportion
the
webtostranice
www.unfccc.ba
(Izrada to
interaktivnog
atlasa klime
Bosne of
i Herpopulation
opens
significant
opportunities,
and can help
public services
fulfil
cegovine)
- ova
mjera je market/sales
u direktnoj funkciji
jaanje kapaciteta,
te promocije
realizovanih
informisanja
na polju klimatskih promjena,
their aktivnosti
remit in ai cost
effectivejavnosti
manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

102

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; itstrategija
can reduce
the cost
of web service
development,
and enhance
the
9. Izrada
sektorskih
(planova)
prilagoavanja
klimatskim
promjenama
u sektorima
u
kojima
su
posljedice
klimatskih
promjena
najizraenije
(poljoprivreda,
vodni
resursi,
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
biodiverzitet, ljudsko zdravlje, turizam i umarstvo i osjetljiva podruja)
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
10. Jaanje
svijesti
i edukacije
o klimatskim promjena u obrazovnim institucijama (osnovnim,
e-Services and
to lower
the cost.
srednjim i visokokolskim).
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

103

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1.
NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
4. Procjena
potencijala
za ublaavanje utjecaja
klimatskih promjena

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Realiziranje planiranih ciljeva i zadataka iz oblasti ublaavanja posljedica klimatskih

promjena,
sadranih
u Drugom nacionalnom izvjetaju Bosne i Hercegovine u skladu s Okvirnom
1.1.
Why
e-Accessibility?
konvencijom Ujedinjenih nacija o klimatskim promjenama, zasniva se na rezultatima najnovijih

e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
of barriers
that
people with
disabilities and
others
naunih istraivanja
koja
se odnosethe
na range
emisijske
scenarije,
potencijale
za ublaavanje
klimatskih
such
as older
populations
experience
when
seekingna
to meunarodnom
participate on equal
terms innivou.
the Information
promjena
i mjere
ublaavanja
koje su
postignute
i dravnom
Society.
Pored Odluke 17/CP.8 "Instrukcije za izradu nacionalnih izvjetaja drava lanica koje nisu
ukljuene u Aneks I Konvencije, kao osnova za izradu ovog dijela Izvjetaja koriten je i "etvrti
e-Accessibility
can
potentially
refer to any
type of ICT used by citizens,
and
involves
izvjetaj
meuvladinog
panela
o klimatskim
promjenama.Osnovni
dokument
u kojem
sueverything
sadrane
from
websites formjere
e-government
telephony
supportjefor
blind
people to
subtitling
on
i interpretirane
ublaavanjaservices,
utjecaja to
klimatskih
promjena
"Prvi
nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne
i Hercegovine
skladu
sa Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
o klimatskim
promjenama.
television.
Up tou15
percent
of the population
across
the European
Union
has a disability,
such as Ua
INC-u
su
identifikovani
i
opisani
potencijali
za
ublaavanje
klimatskih
promjena,
kao
i
preporuke
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have ai
naredni koraci.
similar or higher proportion.
U SNC-u poglavlje posveeno ublaavanju klimatskih promjena je proireno opisom i
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
regulations
andkoji
guidelines
cover
analizom
mjera po
pojedinanim
sektorima
u BiH, agreements,
scenarijima za
ublaavanje
e modelirati
mogue
putanje
emisija
staklenikihlevel,
plinova
do 2025. godine,
prijedlog
koji e
this
area. At
the highest
international
the UNCRPD,
ratified kao
and icoming
intoprojekata
force in 2008,
is
doprinijeti
ublaavanju.
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
Konkretno modeliranje kvantitativno-vremenskog razvoja emisija staklenikih plinova
(for
copyright
exemptions),
and the Telecoms
(for (bez
assistive
technologies).
je realizirano
preko tri razvojna
scenarija:Framework
S1 osnovni
promjena),
S2 - sae-Accessibility
djeliminom
isprimjenom
also covered
by policy, mjera
and guidelines
and benchmarking
exist
for programmatic
support.
stimulativnih
i i S3 napredni
(s primjenom
cjelokupnog
seta stimulativnih
mjera).
U
razmatranjima
spomenutih
emisijskih
scenarija
inicijalni
podaci
su
uzeti
za
2010.
godinu,
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
dok su prorauni emisija uraeni po petogoditima, tj. za 2015, 2020. i 2025. godina. Aktivnosti su
dodatno podrane organiziranim prikupljanjem podataka i intenzivnijim ukljuivanjem nadlenih
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
dravnih i entitetskih ministarstava, Distrikta Brko kao i vanijih javnih agencija u cjelokupni rad.
1.Znaajna
It is worthwhile
own right
to improve
access to koritenje
services to softvera
people who
already
novina in
u its
odnosu
na INC
BiH predstavlja
za are
istraivanje
potencijala
za
ublaavanje
klimatskih
promjena
po
predmetnim
sektorima
u
SNC-u
BiH.
Analizama
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
brojnih modela za politike ublaavanja utjecaja klimatskih promjena kao najadekvatniji (i ujedno
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
najvie koriten u svijetu) izabran je softver LEAP (Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning System).
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

104

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
4.1. Energetika
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
4.1.1. Elektroenergetika
e-Services and to lower the cost.

5. Pursuing
approaches
that followstanja
EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist in the
4.1.1.1.
Pregled
postojeeg
u oblasti
elektroenergetike
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
Prema
resursnoj
osnovi i dostignutom tehnolokom razvoju kao glavni izvori energije u Bosni
and SEE
countries.
i Hercegovini mogu se izdvojiti ugalj i hidropotencijal. Oko 50% elektrine energije u BiH generira se u
termoelektranama koje rade na domai ugalj s relativno visokom specifinom emisijom ugljendioksida
(1,3 tCO2/MWh). Ostatak elektrine energije proizvodi se u velikim hidroelektranama, a jedan udio otpada
i na male hidroelektrane. Znaajan izvor energije su i fosilna goriva, odnosno prirodni plin i nafta.

1.2. About this report

Prema
podacima
iz INC-a,
ukupna potronja energije u 2005. za BiH je bila: 45,3% ugalj i
The specific
goals
of this report
are:
koks, 9,6% hidropotencijali, 21,1% tena goriva, 5,6% prirodni plin i 20,5% drvo11. Prema koritenoj
tehnologiji i vrsti goriva openito se moe konstatirati da BiH uveliko zavisi od uvoza, te da se
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
njen energetski sektor jo vijek odlikuje malom energetskom efikasnou, to rezultira visokom
instruments
andjedinici
strategic
level
documents;
potronjom
energije po
BDP.
Posebno
nepovoljan odnos i dalje postoji u oblasti potronje
prirodnog
to jeaposljedica
neadekvatne
i vremenske
dinamike njegovog
koritenja,
i
2. plina,
to develop
comparative
picture ofstrukture
e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people versus
people
to rezultira njegovim izrazito visokim cijenama. Dodatna nepovoljnost u koritenju prirodnog plina
with disabilities;
jeste to postoji samo jedan plinovod koji uzrokuje nestabilnost u snabdijevanju, posebno tokom
zimske sezone,
kadathe
je potronja
ovogofenergenta
najvea.
ovog razloga velik
broj domainstava
3. to assess
current level
e-Accessibility
andIze-Accessibility
stakeholders;
u BiH za proizvodnju toplotne energije koristi elektrinu mreu. Meutim, bez obzira na navedene
4. to identify good practices in the region;
injenice danas u BiH postoji vei broj sistema daljinskog grijanja koji prirodni plin koriste kao
to developZnaajan
a set of recommendations
for government
and other
on how
to:
primarni5.energent.
izvor u BiH predstavlja
drvna biomasa
koja stakeholders
se kao primarni
izvor
address
the koristi
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
toplotne-energije
jo uvijek
u manjim
gradskim centrima i ruralnim podrujima.
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
Emisija CO2 iz elektroenergetskog sektora u BiH u 2010. god. je iznosila oko 12,432 mil. tona.
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
4.1.1.2.
Scenariji insmanjenja
staklenikih
plinova
that
is being implemented
the context of emisije
the e-SEE Initiative.
It is a regional
projectizdesigned by
the UNDP Country
Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina,
elektroenergetskog
sektorasupported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
S ciljem analiziranja
smanjenja emisije
razdoblju
do 2025.
in the implementation
of thepotencijala
Inclusive Information
Society plinova
Prioritystaklenika
Area of theu e-SEE
Agenda+,
the
godine analizirana su tri scenarija smanjenja emisija. Sva tri scenarija podrazumijevaju i poveanje
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
energetske efikasnosti u skladu sa nacrtom NEEAP-a.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
S1 scenarij. Ovaj scenarij podrazumijeva raste emisije staklenikih plinova proporcionalno
The
is being
implemented
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
s porastom project
potronje
energije.
S obzirombydatheemisija
staklenikih
plinova zavisi
direktno
od
proizvodnje energije,
ovo znai
da seexisting
prema ovom
scenarijunetworks
zadrava isti
pokrivenosti
potreba
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
knowledge,
andudio
resources.
Empowering
za energijom iz
domaih
izvora.
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
S1 scenarij karakterizira relativno nizak stepen efikasnosti proizvodnje elektrine energije.
with
the fellow
UNDP
Country
Offices in thena
region,
the Office
ofhidroelektrane
Senior ICT Advisor
the BDP
Pri tome,
osnovni
izvori
su termoelektrane
ugalj while
(oko 60%)
i velike
(okoat
40%).
Od
in
Newzastupljene
York is providing
and playing
advisory
role. Government-appointed
members of
(OIE),
su maleexpertise
hidroelektrane
(MHE)an
i neto
kapaciteta
na solarnu energiju (fotonaponske
elije).
Pretpostavlja
se da u S1
scenariju
koeficijent
ugljendioksida
elektroenergetske
mreefor
ostaje
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)
act as government
Focal Points
their
isti
za
itav
period.
Prema
scenariju
s
niom
potronjom
energije
iz
Studije
energetskog
sektora
u
respective countries.
BiH, proizvodnja elektrine energije u 2015. god. iznosit e 78,05 PJ, a u 2020. god. bit e 80,44 PJ.
11 INC, BiH, 2010:31
105

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u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
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AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Proizvodnja u 2025. god. je izraunata prema istoj stopi godinjeg rasta kao u periodu 2015-2020.
Prema S1, emisija CO2 iz elektroenergetskog sektora u BiH u 2010. god. je iznosila oko 12,5
mil. tona. Zbog predvienog porasta proizvodnje, emisija e u 2015. god. iznositi skoro 16 mil. tona,
dok e na kraju posmatranog perioda emisije biti oko 16,7 mil. tona (Grafikon 24). Dakle, prema S1
scenariju poveanje emisije u posmatranom periodu je oko 34%.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

S2 scenarij. S2 scenarij se zasniva na implementaciji projekata izgradnje elektroenergetskih


This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
postrojenja u skladu s relevantnim entitetskim strategijama i podacima o planiranim investicijama
requirements
it setsupitnika.
in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and FBiH
how it13 isi onim
to be implemented.
This is followed
12
dobijenim putem
Prema
podacima iz SPP
dobijenim od Elektroprivrede
byBiH
a description
of the major
and actions
European
Union level
to
i Elektroprivrede
HZHB,instruments
u posmatranom
perioduatjethe
planirana
izgradnja
oko relating
2.300 MW
termoenergetskih
postrojenja
na ugalj,
te vjetroelektrana ukupne snage 460 MW, velikih
disability
in general and
e-Accessibility
in particular.
hidroelektrana 254 MW i MHE 37 MW (Tabela 23). Paralelno s tim, predvia se izlazak iz pogona
nekih termoenergetskih blokova. Neki kapaciteti poveavaju efikasnost i/ili kapacitet prilikom
revitalizacija. Tako je, npr., predvieno poveanje kapaciteta HE "Rama sa 160 na 180 MW uz istu
akumulaciju.
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Oekivana proizvodnja
Energetski izvor
Snaga (MW)
Society.
(GWh)

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


Vjetroelektrane

460

1.185

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Velike hidroelektrane
254
1.017
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Male hidroelektrane
television. Up to
15 percent of the population across 37
the European Union145
has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
motor impairment,
and
SEE countries
can expect
Tabela 23.
Planirana
izgradnjaor
nekarbonskih
postrojenja
za proizvodnju
elektrine
energijetou have a
Federaciji BiH do 2025. od javnih elektroenergetskih preduzea
similar or higher proportion.
A Prema
perhaps
surprising
number
of international
regulations
and novih
guidelines
cover
Strategiji
razvoja
energetike
RS-a iz agreements,
2012, planirana
je izgradnja
kapaciteta
this
area. snage
At the 920
highest
level, the UNCRPD,
ratified and
coming
force
2008, is
ukupne
MW international
i oekivane proizvodnje
od 4.550 GWh/a.
Pored
toga, into
planira
sein
izgradnja
MHE
ukupne
snage
oko 160
i oekivane
proizvodnje
od oko
GWh/a. Izgradnja
navedenih
the
relevant
legal
context.
NoMW
single
EU directive
is dedicated
to500
e-Accessibility,
but actions
are
kapaciteta
dovest
e
do
poveanja
koeficijenta
ugljendioksida
elektroenergetske
mree
za
oko
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
10%, u periodu nakon 2015. Proizvodnja elektrine energije u 2015. je ista kao i u S1, a nakon
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
2015. raste prema scenariju potronje energije iz Studije energetskog sektora u BiH, do 2020.
isUalso
covered
by policy, and guidelines
and
benchmarking
existenergije
for programmatic
support.
2025.
godini pretpostavljeno
je poveanje
proizvodnje
elektrine
za 20% u odnosu
na
Furthermore,
moves are
to strengthen
these
and to enact
legislation.
2015. Na Grafikonu
24. afoot
prikazane
su emisije
ugljendioksida
iz more
elektroenergetskog
sektora u BiH
za period 20102025. godine za S2. Prema S2 scenariju emisije ugljendioksida u 2015. godini su
iste kao
i u S1.
godine
emisije rastu
zbogaction
poveanja
elektrine energije
There
is atNakon
least a2015.
five-fold
justification
for early
in theproizvodnje
area of e-Accessibility:
i poveanja koeficijenta ugljendioksida elektroenergetske mree u BiH (Grafikon 24). Poveanje
emisije ugljendioksida u periodu 2010-2025. prema S2 je oko 70%.
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil
the promise intenzivno
of the Information
Society
to reduce
ratherizvora
than
S3 scenarij. Ovaj
scenarij
podrazumijeva
koritenje
potencijala
obnovljivih
energije
(OIE)
i
energetske
efikasnosti
(EE)
zbog
ulaska
BiH
u
Evropsku
emu
trgovanja
emisijama
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
staklenikih
ETS),marginalize
to podrazumijeva
i plaanje emisijskih dozvola (djelomino ili
area isplinova
likely to(EU
further
these groups.
potpuno) za staklenike plinove za elektroenergetski sektor. Ova mjera podstaknue koritenje
nekarbonskih
izvoraaccess
energije.
su da
e private,
jedna emisiona
(za emisiju
1 toneofCO
)
2. Improving
to Predvianja
services, public
and
to such dozvola
a significant
proportion
the
2
population
opens
significant
opportunities,
and can
help public
services
fulfil
12 S ciljem
prikupljanja
ulaznih
podataka market/sales
za analizu potencijala
smanjenja emisije
staklenikih
plinova,
odgovarajui
upitnici
su poslati
institucijama
i preduzeima u BiH. Popunjene upitnike su dostavila elektroenergetska
their
remit relevantnim
in a cost effective
manner.
preduzea Elektroprivreda BiH i Elektroprivreda HZHB.
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
for the marginalized
could
also
lead to improved
13 Strateki
plan i program
razvoja elektroenergetskog
sektora Federacije
Bosne
i Hercegovine.
2

106

access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; it can1reduce
the(priblinog
cost of web
service
and enhance the
kotati oko
25 eura. Sagorijevanjem
tone uglja
sastava
kaodevelopment,
to su bosanskohercegovaki
ugljevi) nastaje
oko
1,3
tone
CO
.
To
znai
da
e
troak
proizvodnje
elektrine
energije,
prema S3,
prospects for migrating2 web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
porasti za preko 30 eura po toni potroenog uglja.14 Zbog toga se u S3 scenariju podrazumijeva
4. The earlier
action potencijala
is taken, theOIE.
easier
it is to
integrate
e-Accessibility
into development
iskoritavanje
ekonomskog
Prema
Prvom
nacionalnom
izvjetaju
o klimatskimof
promjenama
ekonomski
MHE je 3.520 GWh/a, vjetroelektrana 1.950 GWh/a i drvne
e-Services
and topotencijal
lower the za
cost.
biomase 1.200 GWh/a. Pored toga, S3 podrazumijeva koritenje i prirodnog plina za proizvodnju
5. Pursuing
approaches
that followemisije
EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist
in the
elektrine
energije zbog
manje specifine
ugljendioksida,
a nema poveanja
kapaciteta
of the development
of the
Information
Society plina
in theza
EU
convergence
different aspects
postrojenja
na ugalj. of
Iskoritavanje
ekonomskih
potencijala OIE
i koritenje
prirodnog
elektroenergetske
mree
za
oko
dva
puta.
proizvodnju
energije
smanjit
e
koeficijent
emisije
CO
and SEE countries.
2

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Grafikon 24. Ukupne emisije CO2 iz elektroenergetskog sektora u BiH,
in the implementation of the
Inclusive
Information
Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
za period
20102025.
premaSociety
S1, S2 iPriority
S3 scenariju
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Proizvodnja
elektrine
energijefully
prema
S3 jewith
ista kao
prema of
S2.e-SEE
PremaAgenda+.
S3 scenariju emisije
priorities
of the project
are therefore
aligned
the itargets
CO2 u 2015. godini su iste kao i u S2 i S3. Nakon 2015. godine emisije opadaju zbog poveanja
uea The
nekarbonskih
energije u ukupnoj
kao i prirodnog
plina e-SEE
(Grafikon
24).
project is izvora
being implemented
by theproizvodnji,
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
Initiative
Smanjenje emisije ugljendioksida u periodu 2010 2025. prema S3 je oko 24%.
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised
e-Governance
e-SEE
Secretariat
are positioned
within the Social
PremaGroups
S1 i S2inscenariju
doi eand
do the
porasta
emisija
ugljendioksida
iz elektroenergetskog
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Theod
UNDP
Country
Office
in Sarajevo
is working
closely
sektora u BiH u periodu
2010- 2025,Sector.
za razliku
S3 prema
kojem
e doi
do znaajnog
smanjenja
emisije,
za preko
20%Country
u odnosu
na 2010.
tri opisana
scenarija
i poveanje
with
the fellow
UNDP
Offices
in theSva
region,
while the
Office ofpodrazumijevaju
Senior ICT Advisor
at the BDP
energetske
efikasnosti
u
skladu
s
nacrtom
NEEAP-a
za
BiH.
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.
14 Ovo je sluaj
plaanja punog iznosa emisijskih dozvola. Nove lanice Evropske unije e plaati dio emisijskih dozvola
jedan odreeni period.

107

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UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

4.1.1.3. Smanjenje emisije metana iz rudnika uglja


U BiH postoje odreeni potencijali za smanjenje emisije metana iz rudnika uglja. Razvijena
je komercijalna tehnologija koja koristi ventilacijski zrak iz podzemnih rudnika uglja, ako je
koncentracija metana u ventilacijskom zraku izmeu 0,2 i 1,2%, za proizvodnju energije. Smjesa
oksidira u hermetiki zatvorenoj komori s keramikom ispunom. Osloboena se energija moe
upotrijebiti za proizvodnju toplote i/ili elektrine energije. Tokom procesa oksidacije metan se
transformira
u ugljendioksid
i vodenu
Ova tehnologija
se potencijalno
moesections,
primijenitithe
u
This
section presents
an overview
of paru.
the UNCRPD,
its significance
and main
rudnicima
mrkog
uglja
u
centralnom
bosanskom
bazenu
(Zenica,
Kakanj,
Breza,
Abid
Loli)
kao
i
u
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
rudniku Kamengrad. Prema dostupnim podacima, upotrebom opisane tehnologije u rudniku mrkog
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
uglja u Zenici mogla bi se smanjiti emisija od oko 100.000 tona ekvivalentnog ugljendioksida godinje,
disability
in general
and
particular.
a u rudniku
u Brezi
doe-Accessibility
50.000 t CO2eqingodinje
(Studija izvodljivosti primjene VAM tehnologije u
rudniku mrkog uglja Zenica, 2009). Procjene smanjenja emisije metana, izraene u ekvivalentnim
tonama SO2, za spomenute rudnike, kao i vrijednost certificiranog smanjenja emisija (Certified
Emission Reduction CER), kredita i investicije potrebne za projekt prezentirane su u Tabeli 24.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience
when seeking
on equal terms
in the Information
Smanjenje
emisije to participate
CER kredit
Vrijednost
investicije
Rudnik
(GgCO2ekq/a)
(u mil. eura)
(u mil. eura)
Society.
Zenica

100

1,4

4,0

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Breza
50
0,7
2,5
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.
to 15 percent
of the emisije
population
across
the European
Union
has a disability,
such as a
Tabela 24.Up
Potencijalno
smanjenje
metana
u rudnicima
mrkog uglja
u centralnoj
Bosni, vrijednost
visual, hearing, speech,certificiranog
cognitive, or
motor impairment,
SEE countries
smanjenja
emisija i iznosand
potrebnih
investicija can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
Dakle, investicija po toni smanjene emisije CO2 za projekte smanjenja emisije metana iz
A perhaps
surprising
numberbazenu,
of international
agreements,
regulations
and
guidelines
rudnika
u centralnom
bosanskom
primjenom
VAM tehnologije
je oko
43,3
EUR/tCOcover
. Uz
2
this
area. Atcijenu
the highest
level,ovi
the
UNCRPD,
force insamo
2008,i is
oekivanu
CER-ainternational
od oko 20 eura,
projekti
bi seratified
isplatiliand
za coming
dvije dointo
tri godine
u
vrijednosti
Dodatni
projekte
prodaja energije
(toplotne i/ili
elektrine).
the
relevant CER-ova.
legal context.
No prihod
single za
EUove
directive
is je
dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but
actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
za and
smanjenje
emisija
staklenikih
plinova iz support.
is4.1.1.4. Mjere
also covered by policy,
guidelines and
benchmarking
exist for programmatic
Furthermore, moves
are afoot to strengthen sektora
these and to enact more legislation.
elektroenergetskog
Mjereisi at
projekti
emisije staklenikih
plinovainu the
BiHarea
trebaofrazmatrati
u kontekstu
There
least asmanjenja
five-fold justification
for early action
e-Accessibility:
odrivog razvoja BiH. S tim u vezi, prioritetni su oni projekti i mjere koje doprinose zapoljavanju u
BiH i razvoju prioritetnih sektora kao to su rudarstvo, poljoprivreda itd. Nakon toga, prednost treba
1. It is worthwhile
in its
own right
improve
access toemisije.
servicesKoristi
to people
who are already
dati projektima
koji kotaju
najmanje
potojedinici
izbjegnute
od implementiranja
projekata
smanjenja emisija
plinovaofu the
BiH Information
po znaaju su:
marginalized.
It helpsstaklenikih
fulfil the promise
Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area
is likely to zaposlenosti;
further marginalize these groups.
1. Poveanje
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
2. Dovoenje stranih investicija;
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their
remit in a
cost effective
manner.
3. Transfer
najboljih
raspoloivih
tehnologija (Best Available Technique - BAT);
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

108

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
it can
reduce the
cost
service
development,
and enhance the
4.
Poveanjepeople;
energetske
efikasnosti
(EE)
i naoftajweb
nain
poveanje
konkurentnosti;
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
5. Dodatni prihod od smanjenja emisije staklenikih plinova, i
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
6. Stjecanje
iskustva
o the
dostupnim
e-Services and
to lower
cost. opcijama za smanjenje emisije staklenikih plinova u
svrhu razvoja regulative o klimatskim promjenama.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
Mjere
za smanjenje
and SEE
countries. emisija staklenikih plinova iz elektroenergetskog sektora:
-

Poveanje energetske efikasnosti postojeih postrojenja za proizvodnju i distribuciju elektrine energije;

1.2. About this report

- Izgradnja postrojenja za koritenje obnovljivih izvora energije (OIE);


The specific goals of this report are:
- Zamjena postojeih - starih termoenergetskih postrojenja novim najboljim raspoloivim
(BAT)
i tehnologijama,
to ukljuuje
specifinuincluding
emisiju GHG;
1. totehnikama
outline the
international
context
regardingi manju
e-Accessibility
existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
- Koritenje biomase ili fosilnih goriva s manjom emisijom ugljendioksida po jedinici osloenergije;
2. toboene
develop
a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
- Koritenje metana iz podzemnih rudnika uglja za proizvodnju energije.
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
Treba
naglasiti
da primarni
4. to identify
good
practicescilj
in navedenih
the region;mjera, tj. projekata, nije samo smanjenje emisije
staklenikih plinova, ve paralelno i ekonomski razvoj i konkurentnost privrede BiH. BiH za sada
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
nema obavezu reguliranja emisije staklenikih plinova, tako da smanjenje emisije staklenikih
address
the benefit
obstacles
torealiziranje
e-Accessibility;
plinova predstavlja
dodatni
kroz
planiranih projekata.
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

4.1.2.ThisObnovljivi
izvori energije u BiH
report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that
is beingHidroenergija
implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
4.1.2.1.
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
hidroenergetskog
u BiHFund
ini njena
rijenathe
mrea.
Ukupna
duina
vodotoka
UNDPsOsnovu
Democratic
Governancepotencijala
Thematic Trust
to support
South
Eastern
Europe
region
(koji
pojedinano dui
km) iznosi
oko 9.000Society
km, od Priority
ega naArea
granine
otpada oko
in
thesuimplementation
of od
the10
Inclusive
Information
of thevodotoke
e-SEE Agenda+,
the
930 km. Prosjena gustina rijene mree u BiH iznosi oko 220 m/km2, pri emu je prisutna izrazita
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
neravnomjernost za kontinentalni i mediteranski dio zemlje. Naime, prosjena gustina rijene mree
priorities
of the project
therefore
aligned
the targets ofdijelu
e-SEEBiH
Agenda+.
2
u kontinentalnom
dijelu are
iznosi
oko 300fully
m/km
, dok with
u mediteranskom
iznosi manje od 30

m/km2. Znaajne koliine voda koje sudjeluju u slatkovodnom vodnom bilansu predstavljaju jezera u
The project Vodosnabdjevenost
is being implemented
by the
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE reima.
Initiative
Bosni i Hercegovini.
vodotoka
u BiH
je direktna funkcija
pluviometrijskog
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
existing knowledge,
andteoretski
resources.
Empowering
Na osnovu rezultata
provedenih
istraivanja
procijenjeno networks
je da ukupni
hidroenergetski
potencijal u BiH
iznosiin
oko
99.256 GWh godinje,
tehnikiSecretariat
hidropotencijal
(oko 360 velikih
HE
Marginalised
Groups
e-Governance
and the e-SEE
are positioned
withini malih
the Social
koje
mogu
da
se
izgrade)
preko
23.500
GWh
godinje
(Nikoli
et
al.
2009:10).
Navedeni
hidropotencijal
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
u sutini moe se zasebno struktuirati na nivou hidroenergetskog potencijala velikih i malih vodotoka,
with
the fellow
Country
Officespodacima
in the region,
whileBiH
theekonomski
Office of Senior
ICT Advisor potencijal
at the BDP
odnosno
velikihUNDP
i malih
HE. Prema
iz INC-a
hidroenergetski
in
Newvodotoka
York is providing
expertise
and playing
an advisory
role.on
Government-appointed
velikih
u BiH iznosi
oko 18.000
GWh godinje,
odnosno
za male vodotoke iznosimembers
oko 3.500of
GWhRegional
godinje.e-Governance
Sadanji nivo koritenja
tog potencijala
je okoact
40%
oko 7.182 GWh
godinje.
the
Advisory Taskforce
(REGATA)
asiligovernment
Focal
Points Stepen
for their
iskoritenja
malih
hidroelektrana
je
i
dalje
vrlo
nizak
i
iznosi
oko
4,4%
raspoloive
snage
ili
5,7%
respective countries.
dostupne energije, iako se moe konstatirati da su male hidroelektrane (HE) izvor obnovljive energije
koji se ocjenjuje kao visoko perspektivan u BiH.
109

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Slika 12.toRijena
mreasupport
u BiH for blind people to subtitling on
from websites for e-government services,
telephony
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Mogunosti koritenja hidroenergetskog potencijala u BiH je, meutim, znatno ogranien
visual,
speech, cognitive,
or motor impairment,
SEE countries
can expect
to have a
zbog hearing,
nekontroliranog
procesa urbanizacije,
ekolokihand
problema
i ekonomskih
ogranienja.
similar
or higher
proportion.
Rezultati
istraivanja
sadranih u studijama energetskog razvoja ukazuju da, zbog navedenih
razloga, iskoristivi dio ukupnog hidropotencijala iznosi oko 13.000 GWh godinje ili oko 56,5 %.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
koji se
odnose nalevel,
koritenje
hidroenergije
u BiH
this area.Scenariji
At the highest
international
the UNCRPD,
ratified and
coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant
legal
No single
EU oblasti
directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
actions are
Osnova
zacontext.
izradu scenarija
u ovoj
se zasniva
na utvrenim
injenicamabut
o promjenama
spread
acrosstermikom
areas suchi as
Television Without
Frontiers
(for subtitling),
Copyright promjene
Directive
u godinjem
pluviometrijskom
reimu,
to praktino
znai da the
e klimatske
utjecati
na sve
sisteme upravljanja
vodama.Framework
Nepovoljna(for
injenica
vezana
za integralnu
procjenu
(for
copyright
exemptions),
and the Telecoms
assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
utjecaja
klimatskih
promjena
na
postojee
sisteme
hidropotencijala
odnosi
se
na
nepostojanje
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
jedinstvene strategije koja se odnosi na sve parametre vodnog bilansa i njegovog optimalnog
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
iskoritavanja. Navedena injenica se negativno odraava kako na sistem prikupljanja i obrade
hidrolokih podataka i njihove interpretacije, tako i s aspekta slijeda upravljanja i planiranja u
There vodoprivrednoj
is at least a five-fold
justification for
earlynaaction
the area of e-Accessibility:
cjelokupnoj
i hidroenergetskoj
oblasti
nivouinentiteta.
scenarij
se bazira
na utvrenim
promjenama
u trendovima
godinjeg
1.S1It is
worthwhile
in its own
right to improve
access to
services to people
whotermikog
are alreadyi
pluviometrijskog reima, prema kojima e u narednom periodu doi do smanjenja unutargodinje
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
koliine padavina. Navedeni bi se trend sasvim sigurno negativno odrazio na postojei ukupni
increase
the disadvantages
certain
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effortkoliina
in this
godinji
vodni bilans,
odnosno dolo
bi dopopulations
dodatnog opadanja
postojeih
akumuliranih
is likelyi to
further marginalize
these groups.
voda u area
vodotocima
postojeim
hidroakumulacijama.
S obzirom da u ovom scenariju nije planirano
poduzimanje adekvatnih mjera u narednom periodu bi sasvim sigurno dolo i do smanjenja
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
ukupnih koliina proizvedene elektrine energije. Kvantitativno odreivanje smanjenja ukupnog
populationuopens
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and canscenarija,
help publicaliservices
fulfil
hidropotencijala
direktnoj
je zavisnosti
od primijenjenog
klimatskog
bi negativni
their efekt
remit svakako
in a cost bio
effective
manner.
energetski
izraen,
to e za posljedicu imati intenziviranje kompenzacijske
proizvodnje iz neobnovljivih izvora energije, sa znaajnim porastom uea fosilnih goriva.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

110

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
can reduce
the cost
of web
service
development,
andi entitetskim
enhance the
S2
scenarij sepeople;
bazira naitprimjeni
odreenih
mjera
sadranih
u razliitim
dravnim
strategijama
o
vodosnabdijevanju,
koje
bi
trebalo
napraviti
u
nekoliko
narednih
godina.
Svakako
da
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
e sve strategije osim definiranog trenda smanjenja ukupnih unutargodinjih koliina padavina i
4. The earlier
action isprema
taken,razliitim
the easiergeografskim
it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
development
njihovu prostornu
distribuciju
regijama.
To se, prijeinto
svega,
odnosi naof
odrivo upravljanje
resursima
po slivnim oblastima na entiteskom nivou, koje ukljuuje niz
e-Services vodnim
and to lower
the cost.
mjera za uravnoteeni rad hidroenergetskih postrojenja po karakteristinim hidrolokim sezonama.
Pursuing
that follow
EU guidelines
and recommendations
assist in the
Navedeni5. pristup
bi approaches
rezultirao blagim
poveanjem
postojeeg
nivoa proizvodnjewill
hidroenergije.
aspects of
the development
of thevodnih
Information
Society
in the
EU
convergence
of nivo
different
Prema ovom
scenariju
energetskog
iskoritavanja
smanjenih
potencijala
raste
i na
osnovu poveanja
energetske
efikasnosti
hidroenergetskih
postrojenja
rekonstrukcijom
postojeih
and SEE countries.
i primjenom novih tehnologija za proizvodnju elektrine energije. Prema podacima iz INC-a za BiH
za ovaj scenarij je planirani rast proizvodnje hidroenergije MHE na oko 2.205 GWh, to bi rezultiralo
smanjenjem emisije staklenikih plinova iz sektora energetike za oko 2.425 GgCO2eq.

1.2. About this report

S3 scenarij se zasniva na ukljuivanju Bosne i Hercegovine u Evropsku uniju tokom drugog


The
specific
goals of
this report
dijela
scenarijskog
perioda,
imeare:
bi se u potpunosti primijenile sve smjernice sadrane u Direktivi o
vodama. To se, prije svega, odnosi na primjenu svih smjernica za integralno upravljanje vodama po
slivovima,
bi postojee
entitetske sisteme
upravljanja
oblasnim
slivnim podrujima
integriralo
u
1. to
to outline
the international
context
regarding
e-Accessibility
including existing
legal
jedinstveni upravljaki sistem. Rezultat primjene smjernica bi se sasvim sigurno odrazio na znaajno
instruments and strategic level documents;
unapreenje svih aspekata gazdovanja vodama, posebno na nivou uravnoteenog koritenja vodnih
resursa 2.
u postojeim
hidroakumulacijama,
kako za
tako
i za
to develop ai planiranim
comparative
picture of e-Accessibility
forproizvodnju
able-bodiedhidroenergije
people versus
people
vodosnabdijevanje.
To posebno dolazi do izraaja u uvjetima recentnih klimatskih promjena i s tim
with disabilities;
u vezi sve uestalijih ekstremnih hidrolokih dogaaja tako da potreba za organizacijom sigurnih
sistema 3.vodosnabdijevanja
i hidropotencijala
sve vie and
rastu.
Prema ovomstakeholders;
scenariju integralno
to assess the current
level of e-Accessibility
e-Accessibility
upravljanje
odrazit
e se pozitivno
na ukupni hidropotencijal i s tim u vezi na porast
4. tovodama
identify good
practices
in the region;
proizvodnje hidroenergije. Rezultat ovakvog pristupa bi bio poveanje proizvodnje hidroenergije na
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
nivou MHE na oko 3.600 GWh, odnosno ukupno smanjenje emisija od oko 3.960 GgCO2eq.
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply
with requirements
for hidroenergetskog
the UN and EU. potencijala
Mjere
za
smanjenje
emisija u oblasti
- Izraditi integralne studije razvoja hidroenergetskih potencijala u BiH;
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
- Uraditi
katastar in
voda
identificirati
potencijalne
that is being
implemented
the icontext
of thezone
e-SEE
Initiative.opasnosti;
It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP
Country Office
in Bosnia and
Herzegovina,
supported
byutjecaja
DG/BDPvodne
NY, and
funded
the
- Zatititi
od nekontrolirane
eksploatacije
i drugih
tetnih
resurse
od by
funUNDPs Democratic
Governance
Fund to support
thenjihovu
South ranjivost,
Eastern Europe
region
damentalnog
znaaja, Thematic
kao to suTrust
vodoizvorita,
definirati
ukljuujui
i
izradu karata
od utjecaja
klimatskihSociety
promjena;
in the implementation
of rizika
the Inclusive
Information
Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
- Poveati efikasnost koritenja voda i uvesti sistem upravljanja potranjom vode;
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
- Formirati institucije koje e biti nadlene za uspostavu suvremenog automatskog mjerThe no-upravljakog
project is beingsistema
implemented
by the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
Initiative
za kontrolirano
upravljanje vodnim
resursimae-SEE
i jedinstvenog
Secretariat,sistema
capitalizing
on their
existinginformacija
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Empowering
za razmjenu
hidrolokih
izmeu
razliitih
institucija
koje se
bave vodnim
resursima.
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
4.1.2.2. Vjetroenergija
in
New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Jedan od vrlo izraenih energetskih potencijala Bosne i Hercegovine predstavlja vjetro
respective
countries.
energija. Imajui
u vidu teritorijalni poloaj BiH, kao i konfiguraciju zemljita, potencijal energije
vjetra u BiH je razmatran u dvije geografske makroregije:

111

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Mediteranska BiH, gdje se pod utjecajem ciklogenetskih aktivnosti na putanji Vc, kombinirano

s reljefnim predispozicijama terena, obrazuje intenzivna regionalna cirkulacija;

Planinsko-kotlinska regija Bosne i Hercegovine, gdje ortografski faktor pozitivno utie na


poveani intenzitet regionalne i lokalne cirkulacije.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Obje regije pruaju povoljne preduvjete za proizvodnju vjetroenergije, iako je mediteranska


makroregija s neto izraenijim vjetropotencijalom. Jednu od reprezentativnih lokacija predstavlja
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
ire podruje Podveleja, koje je svojim poloajnim i reljefnim predispozicijama izuzetno pogodno
requirements
it sets
in all aspects of
and how
it is to be implemented.
is followed
za instalaciju
vjetroelektrana.
Zae-Accessibility
ozbiljnije analize
vjetropotencijala
na svimThis
potencijalnim
bylokacijama
a description
ofpotrebno
the major
instruments
actionsvjetropotencijala
at the European
Union
level
relating to
bit e
provesti
detaljnaand
mjerenja
kako
bi se
sa sigurnou
moglo investirati
ovu e-Accessibility
oblast.
disability
in generalu and
in particular.
U odreenim studijama koje su uraene za ovu oblast procijenjen je ekonomski potencijal
energije vjetra u BiH na oko 600 MW elektrine energije do 2020. god. Navedene procjene se
baziraju na uvoenje najsavremenih tehnologija za iskoritavanje potencijala vjetra uz odgovarajue
pratee podsticajne
za proizvodnju
Prema
podacima
iz INC-aand
za BiH,
u
e-Accessibility
is aboutmjere
overcoming
the rangevjetroenergije.
of barriers that
people
with disabilities
others
periodu
1999-2004.
izvreno
je preliminarno
istraivanje
i selekcija
lokacija za
such
as older
populations
experience
when seeking
to participate
on equalpotencijalnih
terms in the Information
proizvodnju vjetroenergije u BiH (ADEG projekat). Rezultatima projekta je identificirano 16 lokacija
Society.
pogodnih za rad vjetroelektrana, s procijenjenim ukupnim instaliranim kapacitetima od 720 do
950 MW, odnosno s procijenjenom godinjom proizvodnjom od 1.440 do 1.950 GWh. S obzirom
e-Accessibility
can potentially
refer
to any type of ICT
used by citizens,
andadekvatne
involves everything
na procijenjene
instalirane
kapacitete
vjetronergetska
postrojenja
posjeduju
uvjete za
povezivanje
u
elektroenergetsku
mreu.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Bez obzira na navedene podatke u Bosni i Hercegovini, osim na nekoliko testnih lokacija,
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor
impairment,
and SEE countries
can expect
have a
trenutno
ne postoji
nijedna
elektrana
na vjetar
koja je prikljuena
na postojeu
mreutovisokog
similar
or higher
napona.
Prema proportion.
dostupnim podacima postoji odreeni broj manjih elektrana na vjetar koje su
u funkciji proizvodnje elektrine energije za individualna domainstva, ali je njihov instalirani
kapacitet
zasigurno
mali i nije
dovoljno
dobar pokatatelj
za ocjenuregulations
ukupnih vjetropotencijala
BiH.
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
agreements,
and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
Scenariji koji se odnose na koritenje vjetroenergije u BiH
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across
areasse
such
as Television
Without
Frontiers
(for subtitling),
the Copyright
Directive
S1 scenarij
zasniva
na postojeem
trendu
iskoritenosti
vjetroenergetskih
potencijala
u
(for
copyright
exemptions),
and
the Telecoms
Framework
(forizassistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
BiH,
to praktino
znai da
proizvodnja
elektrine
energije
ovog energetskog
izvora
recentno ne
S obzirom
u S1 scenariju
nije predviena
bilo kakva primjena
mjera,
efekti
ispostoji.
also covered
by da
policy,
and guidelines
and benchmarking
exist forstimulativnih
programmatic
support.
ublaavanja klimatskih
pod utjecajem
BiH su
ravne nuli.
Furthermore,
moves are promjena
afoot to strengthen
thesevjetroenergije
and to enact umore
legislation.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

S2 scenarij podrazumijeva primjenu odreenih stimulativnih mjera kojima bi se pokrenuo


There
is at least
a five-fold justification
for early
action
in svega
the area
of e-Accessibility:
proces iskoritavanja
vjetropotencijala
u BiH. Navedene
mjere
prije
trebaju
ukljuivati realiziranje
projekata za istraivanje vjetropotencijala odreenih lokacija koje su, prema njihovim geografskih
karakteristikama,
ranije ocijenjene
potencijalno
mjereto
takoer
stimulirati
1. It is worthwhile
in its ownkao
right
to improveiskoristive.
access toOve
services
peopletrebaju
who are
already
kupovinu
i
izgradnju
suvremenih
vjetroelektrana
koje
mogu
funkcionirati
i
na
minimalnim
brzinama
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
vjetra. Uz uvjet primjene navedenih mjera moe se oekivati proizvodnja vjetroenergije na nivou od oko
increase
the to
disadvantages
populations
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort
in this
1.600 GWh
godinje,
bi rezultiralocertain
kompenzacijskim
smanjenjem
koritenja
neobnovljivih,
posebno
is likely
to further
marginalize
groups.
fosilniharea
goriva,
odnosno
smanjenjem
emisijathese
od oko
1.760 GgCO eq.
2

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
S3 scenarij ukljuuje primjenu standarda Evropske unije na nivou koritenja obnovljivih
opportunities,
andkojima
can help
public services
fulfil
izvora population
energije. S opens
tim u significant
vezi u BiH market/sales
bi bili dostupni
brojni fondovi
se financijski
podrava
theirtehnikih
remit in akapaciteta
cost effective
manner.
uspostava
i ovog
oblika proizvodnje energije. Prema rezultatima studije
energetskog sektora BiH, do kraja scenarijskog perioda proizvodni kapaciteti vjetroenergije bi
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

112

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
can reduce
cost of webdodatnim
service development,
enhance the
mogli narasti
do 2.400
GWhitgodinje
to the
bi rezultiralo
potencijalom and
za ublaavanje
klimatskih
promjena
iz
energetskog
sektora
od
oko
2.600
GgCO
eq.
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms
such as mobile phones.
2
4. The earlier
action is taken,
the easier
it is to integrate
e-Accessibility into development of
Mjere
za podsticanje
poveanog
koritenja
vjetroenergije

e-Services and to lower the cost.


- Izrada studije vjetropotencijala na nivou dvije identificirane geografske makroregije u BiH
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
i s tim u vezi definiranje svih osnovnih pokazatelja po pojedinanim izdvojenim lokacijama;
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.
- Legislativna
i financijska stimulacija proizvodnje ekoloki istih oblika energije, meu koje
spada i vjetroenergija;
Podrka projektima
za cilj imaju nabavku najsuvremenijih vjetroelektrana i s tim u
1.2.- About
thiskojireport
vezi uspostavu vjetroparkova;

The specific
goals ofprojektima
this reportkoji
are:
- Podrka
za cilj imaju educiranje i transfer znanja sa svih aspekata odrivog

koritenja vjetroenergije;
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
- Legislativno
prilagoavanje pravila prikljuenja na mreu za obnovljive
instruments andharmoniziranje
strategic leveli documents;
izvore energije.
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;

4.1.2.3. Bioplin
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;

4. toima
identify
good
practices
in za
theuzgoj
region;
BiH
odline
prirodne
uvjete
stoarstva i odlinu ekonomsku osnovu za koritenje
toproizvodnju
develop a set
of recommendations
for government
other
stakeholders
on howod
to:
stajnjaka5.za
bioplina.
Mogunost za koritenje
tenog i and
vrstog
stajnjaka,
koji je nastao
registriranog
stonog
fonda
s farmi u BiH,
da proizvodi bioplin, je nain koji omoguava ublaavanje
address
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
klimatskih
poljoprivredni
potencijal
biomase (20.100.000 m3) u BiH
- promjena.
complyEnergetski
with requirements
for the
UN and dostupne
EU.
za proizvodnju bioplina iz stajnjaka na stonim farmama je 0,508 PJ. Na osnovu podataka o stonom
fondu 2010. i 2011. god., izraunata je potencijalna proizvodnja bioplina u BiH 800.000 do 850.000
m3/dan. U BiH je uraeno (projektirano i izgraeno) samo jedno bioplin-postrojenje. Instalirana
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
elektrina snaga spomenutog postrojenja je 35 kW, a toplotna 70 kW i na godinjem nivou se oekuje
that
is being290.000
implemented
in the context
e-SEE
is a regional project designed by
proizvodnja
kW elektrine
energijeofi the
560.000
kWInitiative.
toplotne It
energije.
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
koji
se odnoseThematic
na koritenje
bioplina
u BiHthe South Eastern Europe region
UNDPsScenariji
Democratic
Governance
Trust Fund
to support
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
S1 scenarij je scenarij bez poduzimanja migracijskih mjera, to znai da se ne oekuje
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
poveanje koritenja energije iz modernih oblika biomase poput bioplina, jer su cijene energije
priorities
of the
projectnekonkurentne
are therefore fully
aligned
the targets
e-SEEkonvencionalne
Agenda+.
iz tih izvora
jo uvijek
u odnosu
nawith
tehnologije
kojeofkoriste
izvore

energije. Ovim scenarijem se ne podrazumijeva uvoenje bilo kakvih promjena u postojeim


The project
is being
implemented
by ithe
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
trendovima
stope porasta
broja
ivotinja kao
unosa
azotnih ubriva
na obradivim
povrinama.
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on theirjeexisting
knowledge,
and resources.
Znaajno obiljeje
ovog scenarija
i relativno
nizak nivo networks
zainteresiranosti
i aktivnostiEmpowering
dravnih i
entitetskih institucija
energetskom
Marginalised
Groups uinovom
e-Governance
and podsektoru.
the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
S2 scenarij se, s obzirom na vrlo mali postojei udio bioplina, bazira na aktivnostima koje
with
the
fellow na
UNDP
Country Offices
in the region,
while
the Office of
Senior ICT Advisor
at the BDP
su fokusirane
implementiranje
sistema
za njegovo
sakupljanje
i sagorijevanje
na farmama
u
in
New
York is providing
expertise
and playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
members
BiH.
Najvanije
odlike ovog
scenarija
su: postepeno
uvoenje
novih tehnologija (orijentacija
kaof
OIE,Regional
veoj primjeni
OIE i bioplina),
proizvodnje
potronje
energije
naPoints
farmama
za
the
e-Governance
Advisory planiranje
Taskforce (REGATA)
acti as
government
Focal
for their
zadovoljavanje
potreba
za
grijanjem
prostorija,
suenje
sijena,
itarica,
povra
itd.,
proizvodnja
respective countries.
bioplina u jednostavnim pogonima i koritenje bioplina za pokrivanje znaajnog dijela energetskih
potreba domainstava ak kod malog broja stoke (koritenje mini pogona).
113

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

S3 scenarij je zasnovan na visokom stepenu aktivnosti za ublaavanje klimatskih promjena


koji se sprovode na razliitim nivoima vlasti od dravnih do entitetskih. Oekuje se intenzivnija
upotreba bioplina za proizvodnju toplotne i elektrine energije, to e se pokazati kao vrlo isplativo
zahvaljujui poboljanju opreme koja se koristi u te svrhe. Bioplin iz poljoprivrede (stoarstvo)
je znaajan izvor energije u scenariju s mjerama S2 i S3. Radi se o kogeneracijama za koje se
pretpostavlja efikasno lociranje (proizvodnja elektrine i koritenje toplote). Sva proizvodnja
elektrine energije se predaje u mreu, tako da se njen udio ne moe podijeliti prema kategorijama
nego ukupno. Toplota iz poljoprivrednih postrojenja se daje u podruno grijanje ruralnih sredina.
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Ukupno instalirane snage postrojenja kogeneracija na bioplin iz poljoprivrede (stoarstva) u RS
requirements
in all aspects
e-Accessibility
and how it is
to be implemented.
This
followed
su definiraneit ssets
dvostruko
veim of
snagama
po petogodinjim
periodima.
Po analogiji
suisdefinirani
byplanovi
a description
of the major
instruments
and actions
at the
European Union
level
relating na
to
i za Federaciju
BiH, odnosno
u narednoj
Tabeli 25.
su prezentirane
ukupne
vrijednosti
nivou cijele
BiH. and e-Accessibility in particular.
disability
in general

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Proizvodnja
1.1. Why
e-Accessibility?
Instalirana
BiH
elektrine energije

Proizvodnja
toplotne energije
snaga (MW)
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers
people
with disabilities
others
(GWhthat
/god)
(PJ/god.)
(GWh /god)and
(PJ/god)

such
as older
populations experience when2,5
seeking to participate
on equal terms in11,17
the Information
Ukupno
do 2015.
5,77 (0,02)
(0,04)
Society.
Ukupno do 2020.

11,54 (0,04)

22,34 (0,08)

Ukupno do 2025.

7,5

17,31 (0,06)

33,51 (0,12)

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Tabela 25. Ukupno instalirane snage u poljoprivredi postrojenja kogeneracija na bioplin u BiH.
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar orMjere
higherzaproportion.
podsticanje poveanog koritenja bioplina u BiH
mjere za podsticanje
bioplina
zahtijevaju
da se ulae
poljoprivrednu
A Osnovne
perhaps surprising
number of koritenja
international
agreements,
regulations
and uguidelines
cover
proizvodnju,
kroz
politiku
ruralnog
razvoja.
Primjena
ovakvih
mjera
rezultirat
e
energetskim
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
utedama u ogrjevnom drvetu, elektrinoj energiji, toplotnoj energiji isporuenoj daljinskim
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
grijanjem i posebno u energiji fosilnih goriva. S druge strane, poveano je koritenje i biomase
spread
across
areas such as Television
(for energije.
subtitling),
the Copyright
Directive
(i bioplina)
u kogeneracijskoj
proizvodnjiWithout
toplotneFrontiers
i elektrine
U industriji
su spomenuta
(for
copyright exemptions),
and the
Telecoms Framework
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
poboljanja
predviena kroz
energetske
mjere smanjenjem
intenziteta
potronje
elektrine
energije
i
korisne
toplotne
energije,
poveanje
stepena
efikasnosti
tehnologija
za
proizvodnju
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
toplotne energije,
proizvodnji
i elektrine
energije, pri emu je
Furthermore,
movespoveanje
are afootkogeneracije
to strengthenuthese
and totoplotne
enact more
legislation.
kao gorivo predviena i biomasa (ukljuujui bioplin). Energetske utede, kao rezultat primjene
mjera u industriji, prikazane su u Tabeli 26.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It(sisbioplinom)
worthwhile in its own right2010.
to improve access
people who are
already
Biomasa
2015.to services to
2020.
2025.
marginalized.
It helps
of the Information
Society
Utede
energije u industriji
(PJ)fulfil the promise
0,049
0,608
1,114to reduce rather
0,506 than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area
likely
to further
marginalize
these
groups.biomase (s bioplinom) za kogeneraciju
Tabelais26.
Energetske
utede
u industriji
koritenjem

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
Prema scenariju s mjerama - S3, potronja finalne energije u industriji bi do 2025. godine
remitnego
in a cost
manner.bi se potronja elektrine energije smanjila za oko 7%.
bila za their
9% manja
u S2.effective
U istom periodu
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

114

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
4.1.2.4.
Suneva
energija

prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Rezultati istraivanja o mogunosti koritenja Suneve energije za proizvodnju toplote
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
pomou solarnih kolektora za 15 gradova u BiH, kao i za proizvodnju elektrine energije, pokazuje
e-Services
and
to lower thepodataka
cost.
opravdanost
. Iz svih
prikupljenih
i provedenih analiza moe se zakljuiti kako postoji
znaajan potencijal primjene solarne energije na podruju BiH, koji iznosi 70,5 mil. GWh doznaene
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
energije ukupnog solarnog zraenja godinje. Tehniki potencijal je 685 PJ, a to je oko tri puta
aspectspotreba
of the development
of the
Information
Society
in the EU
convergence
of different
vie od ukupnih
primarnih
energetskih
u energetskom
bilansu
BiH. Prema
rezultatima
and mogueg
SEE countries.
prorauna
stepena pokrivanja toplotnih potreba za pripremu tople potrone vode za
prosjeno domainstvo, oko 74% toplotnih potreba za pripremu tople potrone vode u RS, odnosno
78% u BiH, moe biti pokriveno iz solarnih kolektora]. Stepen pokrivanja potreba za grijanjem
zavisi od toplotne izolacije objekta, ali u prosjeku se kree oko 30%. Procjene su da bi solarna
energija mogla podmiriti oko 5% potreba za energijom u BiH. Ljeti bi se moglo obezbijediti 80%
potreba za toplom vodom, a zimi izmeu 35 i 50%. Procjene su da u BiH trenutno ima oko 7.000 m2
The specific goals of this report are:
instaliranih kolektora, a da je godinje poveanje oko 28%.

1.2. About this report

1. to outline
context regarding
Scenariji
kojithe
se international
odnose na koritenje
solarne e-Accessibility
energije u BiHincluding existing legal

instruments and strategic level documents;


S1 scenarij ne podrazumijeva uvoenje znaajnijih promjena vezano za sadanji trend
2. to
develop
a comparative
picture
e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
people
koritenja
solarne
energije,
odnosno
stanjeofprema
kojem solarna
energija nee
bitiversus
koritena
u
with disabilities;
veem stepenu.
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
S2 scenarij i S3 scenarij. U BiH je poela inicijativa za koritenje i proizvodnji opreme. Cijene
4. tona
identify
good
practices
region; zemalja i dalekog istoka. Ukoliko posmatramo
se baziraju
osnovu
onih
iz uvoza,inizthe
zapadnih
2
5. tosistem
develop
of recommendations
for government
andseother
stakeholders
howdo
to:
standardni
od a4 set
m cijena
kompletnog sistema
s montaom
procjenjuje
na okoon
3.500
4.000 eura.
se da
solarnih kolektora do 2020. god. naraste na 50.000
- Oekuje
address
theinstalirana
obstacles povrina
to e-Accessibility;
2
m2, to bi
bilo
oko
12,5
m
na
1.000
stanovnika.
Ukoliko
se ponu
comply with requirements for the UN and
EU. primjenjivati mjere sufinanciranja
s obzirom na postojee potencijale, moemo oekivati do 2025. godine pokrivenost u iznosu oko
200.000 m2, tj. oko 42.000 domainstava, to iznosi oko 11% od ukupnog broja domainstava.
Primjena ove tehnologije, posmatrajui njenu isplativost, je najpoeljnija u objektima koji se koriste
This report
is part
of a larger
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
cijelu godinu
u svim
aspektima
boravka
tj. koritenja
potrone
tople vode.
Ukoliko
govorimo o
that
is being
implemented
in the
context
of the
e-SEEumirovljenika
Initiative. It iste
a regional
javnim
objektima
to su, prije
svega,
bolnice,
domovi
sportski project
objekti designed
ukoliko seby
koriste
cijelu
godinu.
Kod privatnih
to su porodine
kue koje
imaju minimalno
pet lanova
the
UNDP
Country
Office
in Bosniaobjekata
and Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP
NY, and funded
by the
domainstva,
bilo
postojei
ili
novi
objekti.
Kod
viestambenih
zgrada
primjena
ove
tehnologije
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
isplativa je samo u sluaju centraliziranog sistema pripreme potrone tople vode. Ukoliko postoji
in
the implementation
the Inclusive
Information
Society
Prioritystanu
Area of
the e-SEE
Agenda+,ovu
the
pojedinana
priprema,ofnaknadni
radovi
i instalacija
u svakom
uvelike
poskupljuju
regional
action
plan for
Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
tehnologiju
to dovodi
do Information
njene neisplativosti.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

Mjere za podsticanje poveanog koritenja solarne energije u BiH

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


S obzirom
da trenutno
u BiHexisting
ne postoje
kapaciteti za
proizvodnju
energije,
mogue
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
knowledge,
networks
andsolarne
resources.
Empowering
je
primjenom
veeg
broja
razliitih
mjera
pokrenuti
njenu
proizvodnju.
Koritenje
solarnih
elija
za
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
proizvodnju elektrine energije u BiH jo uvijek nije primijenjeno. Sunevi kolektori su analizirani za
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
The UNDP
Country
Office in iSarajevo
is working
closely
sisteme centralnog grijanja
na lo ulje,
elektrinu
energiju,
UNP spremnik
prirodni plin,
gdje kolektor
with
the fellow
UNDP
Country
Offices inenergiju
the region,
while
theinvesticije
Office of Senior
ICTkolektore
Advisor at
the BDP
zamjenjuje
klasini
bojler
na elektrinu
za PTV.
Zbog
u solarne
dolazi
do
poveanja
ukupnih
godinjih
trokova
posmatranog
sistema,role.
pri emu
je najvee poveanjemembers
godinjegof
in
New York
is providing
expertise
and
playing an advisory
Government-appointed
troka
(u kuama
s centralnimAdvisory
grijanjem
u hladnoj (REGATA)
zoni) imalaact
kombinacija
kotlovaFocal
za centralno
the
Regional
e-Governance
Taskforce
as government
Pointsgrijanje
for their
i PTV na elektrinu energiju i kolektora (5,1%), slijedi prirodni plin i kolektor (5,0%), UNP spremnik
respective countries.
i kolektor (3,0%) i loivo ulje i kolektor (2,9%). Najvea uteda je dobijena u kombinaciji kotlova za
centralno grijanje i PTV na elektrinu energiju i kolektora (5,4%). Intenzivnijom izgradnjom solarnih
115

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

elija moe se oekivati da e do kraja 2025. godine instalirana snaga fotovoltinih sistema po glavi
stanovnika u BiH, odnosno ukupno 60 MW instalirane snage sistema. Tehnoloki razvoj solarnih elija
se kree u dva smjera razvoj solarnih elija visoke efikasnosti transformacije Sunevog zraenja u
elektrinu energiju i razvoj tzv. low-cost solarnih elija.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Primjena navedenih mjera rezultira utedama energije i to ogrjevnog drveta, elektrine


energije, toplotne energije isporuene daljinskim grijanjem te fosilnih goriva. S druge strane
poveano je koritenje Suneve energije (Tabela 27). Prema scenariju s mjerama - S3, potronja
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
finalne energije u industriji bi do 2025. godine bila za 9% manja nego u baznom scenariju S1. U
requirements
it sets in all
aspectselektrine
of e-Accessibility
how it za
is to
be7%.
implemented.
This is followed
istom bi se razdoblju
potronja
energijeand
smanjila
oko
Primjena solarne
energije
byu adomainstvima
description ofdo
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
2025. godine bi se trebala poveati za pet puta.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?
Suneva energija - u industriji
0,000
0,011
Utede energije (PJ)

2010.

2015.

2020.

2025.

0,029

0,047

0,015

0,028

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Suneva energija - u
0,000seeking to participate
0,009
0,056
0,103
such
as older populations experience when
on equal
terms in the Information
domainstvima
Society.
Suneva energija- u uslugama

0,001

0,002

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Tabela 27. Utede energije u vanijim oblastima potronje, koritenjem solarne energije (u PJ)
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.UUp
to 15 na
percent
the population
the European
Union
has azadisability,
such as ua
odnosu
bazni of
scenarij
poveanoacross
je i koritenje
Suneve
energije
toplotne potrebe
uslunom
sektoru,
u
iznosu
od
2,8%
korisnih
potreba
do
2025.
godine.
Takoer
je
pretpostavljeno
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
ubrzanije
poveanje
stepena djelovanja pretvaranja finalne energije u korisnu toplotnu energiju.
similar
or higher
proportion.
Rezultat predvianja za usluge u scenariju s mjerama je smanjene finalne potronje do 2025. godine
do 9%. Za elektrinu energiju je to oko 6%, a daljinsko grijanje i fosilna goriva za toplotne potrebe
A perhaps
number
international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
bi se smanjila
dosurprising
10%. U odnosu
naofS1,
koritenje Suneve
energije
bi se povealo
neto vie
od
this
the highest
international
the UNCRPD,
ratified
comingzainto
force in
2008, is
dvaarea.
puta.AtKoritenje
Suneve
energijelevel,
u sektoru
zgradarstva
bi seand
povealo
toplotne
potrebe
u
ovom
sektoru
u
iznosu
od
5
%
korisnih
potreba
do
2025.
godine.
Primjena
SE
u
domainstvima
do
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
2025. godine
bi se as
poveati
netoWithout
vie od Frontiers
tri puta. (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
spread
across trebala
areas such
Television
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
4.1.2.5. Geotermalna energija
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Prema dosadanjim istraivanjima ustanovljeno je da se oko 25% teritorije BiH smatra potencijalnim
resursom
trojakog for
oblika:
sistemi,
geopresirane zone i
Theregeotermalnim
is at least a five-fold
justification
early hidrotermalni
action in the area
of e-Accessibility:
tople suhe stijene. Ova podruja pokrivaju uglavnom centralni i sjeverni dio BiH. Od spomenuta tri
oblika resursa najveu panju privlae hidrotermalni sistemi, jer je njihova eksploatacija najrazvi1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
jenija i najjeftinija u odnosu na ostala dva oblika. Sabiranjem potencijala RS i FBiH izraunata je
It helps
fulfilgeotermalnih
the promisepojava
of the uInformation
Society to reduce rather than
ukupnamarginalized.
toplotna snaga
i energija
Bosni i Hercegovini.
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Ukupni
mogui
instalirani
kapacitetthese
geotermalnih
area
is likely
to further
marginalize
groups. izvora na 42 lokacije je 9,25 MWt, ako se
posmatra samo mogunost grijanja prostora, odnosno 90,2 MWt ako se posmatra geotermalna
2. Improving
to services,
public
and private, potrebe.
to such aUz
significant
of the
energija
za grijanje access
prostora
i rekreativne
i balneoloke
koritenjeproportion
svih navedenih
significant
and can
help public
services
fulfil
izvora spopulation
faktorom opens
iskoritenja
od 0,5market/sales
mogue je daopportunities,
se u jednoj godini
proizvede
145,75
TJ energije
samo za
grijanje
their
remitprostora,
in a cost odnosno
effective ukupno
manner.1.421,75 TJ energije ako se posmatra zajedno grijanje
prostora i kupanje.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

116

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can na
reduce
the cost
of web service
development,
Scenariji
koji
se odnose
koritenje
geotermalne
energije
u BiH and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Scenariji koji se odnose na koritenje geotermalne energije su uglavnom zasnovani na
4. The rezervama
earlier action
the easier
it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
into development of
procijenjenim
kaoisi taken,
tehnolokim
mogunostima
za njenu
eksploataciju.
e-Services and to lower the cost.
S1 scenarij se zasniva na postojeim trendovima potencijalnog koritenja geotermalne
Pursuing
approaches
that followpotencijala
EU guidelines
recommendations
assist
in the
energije5.
bez
posebnih
dodatnih istraivanja
i bezand
promjene
dosadanjeg will
odnosa
prema
aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
convergence
of different
ovom energentu
(Tabela
28).
and SEE countries.
S1 scenarij

2010.

1.2. About this report


0,0

Geotermalna
The
specific goals of this report are:
energija

0,0

2015.

2020.

2025.

Potronja GE (u PJ)
0,05

0,08

0,9

Udio GE u strukturi OIE (u %)


0,16

0,17

0,18

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;
Tabela 28. Potronja GE u BiH u scenariju S1

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


Najvei
porast potronje geotermalne energije pretpostavlja se u S1 scenariju, u periodu
with disabilities;
2015-2020. i iznosi oko 2,5%.
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
S2
i S3identify
scenarij
se baziraju
na in
uvoenju
modela podrke, gdje su glavne aktivnosti fokusirane
4. to
good
practices
the region;
na implementiranju
sistema na nivou
cijele BiH. Uand
obaother
scenarija
su dati pokazatelji
5. to develophidrotermalnih
a set of recommendations
for government
stakeholders
on how to:
finalne potronje energije zajedno s prosjenim godinjim stopama porasta odnosno smanjenja
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
u petogodinji periodima i udjeli oblika energije u finalnoj potronji. U strukturi energenata za
- elektrine
comply energije
with requirements
for the
UN and EU.
proizvodnju
u S2 i S3 nema
geotermalne
energije kao uesnika-energenta iako
postoje uvjeti za to, odnosno na nekim lokacijama su ponueni i koncesionari (Tabele 29 i 30).

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that isS2
being
implemented in 2010.
the context of the e-SEE
a regional project2025.
designed by
scenarij
2015. Initiative. It is
2020.
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Potronja GE (u PJ)
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund
to support the South Eastern Europe region
0,0
0,04Society Priority Area
0,06 of the e-SEE Agenda+,
0,06
inGeotermalna
the implementation of the Inclusive
Information
the
energija action plan for Information Society development,
regional
and OIE
the (u
UNCRPD.
The programmatic
Udio GE u strukturi
%)
priorities of the project are therefore
fully aligned0,1
with the targets of0,2
e-SEE Agenda+. 0,2
0
Tabela 29. Struktura GE u BiH prema S2 scenariju

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Scenarij
ublaavanja
S3 s primijenjenim
mjerama
je veomaare
bitan
s obzirom
na predvien
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and the e-SEE
Secretariat
positioned
within
the Social
program
ulaska
BiH
u
EU
izmeu
2015.
i
2020.
godine
ili
preuzimanje
obaveza
smanjenja
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is workingemisija
closely
GHG. Po S2 i S3 je pretpostavljena znaajna zastupljenost koritenja geotermalnog resursa pomou
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
toplotnih pumpi u sektoru domainstva.
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

117

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

S3 scenarij

2010.

2015.

2020.

2025.

Potronja GE (u PJ)

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Geotermalna
energija

0,0

0,04

0,06

0,07

Udio GE u strukturi OIE (u %)

0,0

0,2

0,3

0,3

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Tabela 30. Struktura GE u BiH prema S3 scenariju
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability Mjere
in general
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
za podsticanje
poveanog
koritenja geotermalne energije u BiH
Bosna i Hercegovina sve vie prepoznaje znaaj svojih geotermalnih resursa. Za ozbiljniji

pristup ovom
energentu
bit e potrebni dodatni istrani radovi na svim buotinama koja pokazuju
1.1.
Why
e-Accessibility?
potencijal za energetsku proizvodnju. S obzirom da je specifina investicija u geotermalna

e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
barriers
that energentima
people with disabilities
and others
postrojenja u ovom
trenutku
visoka,the
a darange
je BiHofbogata
drugim
i oblicima energije,
ne
such
as older
populationselektrine
experience
when seeking
to participate
equal terms
in the Information
predvia
se proizvodnja
energije
iz geotermalnih
izvoraon
u narednom
dvadesetogodinjem
periodu, iako je to jo uvijek neizvjesno tvrditi, s obzirom na zapoete radove i uloene domae i
Society.
strane investicije. Ipak, u sluaju donoenja zakonodavnog okvira kojim bi se podsticala proizvodnja
elektrine energije iz ovog izvora postoji mogunost da se pobolja ekonomska isplativost takvih
e-Accessibility
can
potentially
refer
to any typetakvih
of ICTpostrojenja.
used by citizens, and involves everything
projekata,
a onda bi se
mogla
oekivati
i izgradnja
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.

4.2. Daljinsko grijanje

4.2.1.
Pregled
postojeeg
stanja
u sektoru
A perhaps
surprising
number of international
agreements,
regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the
highest international
level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
daljinskog
grijanja

the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Na teritoriji
daljinskog
grijanja
uglavnom
susubtitling),
skoncentrirani
u veim gradovima.
spread across
areas BiH
suchsistemi
as Television
Without
Frontiers
(for
the Copyright
Directive
Prema
raspoloivim
podacima,
trenutno
u
BiH
egzistira
25
poduzea
(12
u
RS
i
13
u
FBiH)
koja se
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
bave snabdijevanjem potroaa toplotnom energijom, odnosno 29 sistema daljinskog grijanja (s
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
obzirom da u okviru UNIS Energetika d.o.o. Sarajevo posluju tri sistema daljinskog grijanja u Sarajevu,
Furthermore,
movesTravniku).
are afootPrema
to strengthen
these
and togod.
enact
more legislation.
Travniku i Novom
podacima
iz 2008.
(ESSBiH,
Modul 1B, 2008) daljinskim
grijanjem je obuhvaeno oko 12% domainstava u BiH. U meuvremenu su s radom zapoela dva
nova poduzea
daljinskog
grijanja justification
u Gradacu for
i Livnu,
s radom
treba
zapoeti
i toplana u Novom
There is at
least a five-fold
earlyaaction
in the
area
of e-Accessibility:
Travniku. Kako su instalirani toplotni kapaciteti novih toplana relativno mali u odnosu na one koji su
ve radili (manje od 3 %), smoe se smatrati da se procenat domainstava obuhvaenih daljinskim
1. Ituis
worthwhile innije
itsznaajnije
own rightpromijenio.
to improveNovije
access
to services
peopledaljinskog
who are already
grijanjem
meuvremenu
analize
stanja to
sistema
grijanja
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil the Republike
promise of
the Information
Society
to i reduce
ratherplanu
than
su navedene
u Planu razvoja
energetike
Srpske
do 2030. godine
(2010)
u Stratekom
i programu
razvoja
sektora
(2009). Meutim,
navedeniinsufficient
dokumenti effort
su najveim
increase
the energetskog
disadvantages
certainFBiH
populations
face. Conversely,
in this
dijelomarea
samo
konstatirali
stanje
koje
je
utvreno
Studijom
energetskog
sektora
BiH,
Modul
9
is likely to further marginalize these groups.
Gradsko centralno grijanje iz 2008.god. Openito, u veini poduzea daljinskog grijanja, posebno u
2. Improving
access
to services,
and private,
such (npr.
a significant
of the
RS-u, toplane
i oprema
koja im
pripada supublic
stari izmeu
25 i 30togodina
u Banjoj proportion
Luci, kao drugom
najveem
sistemu opens
daljinskog
grijanjamarket/sales
u BiH, prosjena
starost kotlova
je oko
godina)
i nalaze
se
population
significant
opportunities,
and can
help35public
services
fulfil
na kraju
svog
eksploatacijskog
vijeka
to
uvjetuje
da
ovi
sistemi
rade
s
niskom
efikasnou,
te
u
ovim
their remit in a cost effective manner.
sistemima postoje znaajni gubici toplotne energije koji u pojedinim sluajevima dostiu vrijednost i
Improving
for the marginalized
alsoalilead
to improved
access
for
do 60%.3.Poslije
rata jee-Accessibility
bilo nekoliko rekonstrukcija
postojeihcould
sistema,
su znaajnije
izvedene
samo
2

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CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
it cansistema
reduce izvrene
the cost samo
of webnajnunije
service development,
enhance
the
u Sarajevu,
dok su u people;
veini drugih
rekonstrukcijeand
s ciljem
da se
obezbijedi
minimum
funkcioniranja
sistema
daljinskog
grijanja.
Jedan
od
velikih
problema
je
i
naplata
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
rauna za isporuenu toplotnu energiju, odnosno formiranje cijene te energije. Iako se nivo naplate
4. isporuenu
The earlier toplotnu
action is energiju
taken, the
easierposljednjih
it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
development
rauna za
poveao
nekoliko
godina, zboginto
teke
ekonomskeof
situacijee-Services
cijena isporuene
toplotne
and to lower
theenergije
cost. nije ekonomska a poslovanje velikog broja poduzea se
odvija uz opinske subvencije. Ovo onemoguava zadovoljavajue odravanje postojeih sistema, a
Pursuing approaches
that
follow EU iguidelines
and sistema
recommendations
will assist in the
posebno5.onemoguava
investicije u
nadogradnju
modernizaciju
daljinskog grijanja.
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
Studijom
energetskog sektora u Republici Srpskoj iz 2010. god. je, pored ostalih, detaljno
and SEE countries.
analiziran razvoj sistema daljinskog grijanja u Republici Srpskoj do 2030. godine za sva tri
emisiona scenarija. U skladu s preporukama iz Prostornog plana Republike Srpske do 2015.
godine, predvieno je vee uee alternativnih izvora energije za grijanje gradova (drvni otpad,
geotermalna energija, energija sunca i sl.), kao i rekonstrukcija veih toplifikacionih sistema
uvoenjem kogeneracije ali i modernizacija postojeih sistema. S obzirom da za Federaciju BiH
The
specificnoviji
goalsscenariji
of this report
are:
ne postoje
razvoja
sistema daljinskog grijanja, osim onih prezentiranih u Studiji
energetskog sektora BiH, Modul 9 Gradsko centralno grijanje iz 2008. godine, oni su za Federaciju
BiH razraeni
na osnovu
o proizvodnji
energije
u Federaciji
BiH (Federalni
zavod
1. to outline
the podataka
international
context toplotne
regarding
e-Accessibility
including
existing
legal
za statistiku, Statistiki godinjak 2011) u 2010. godini, kao i na osnovu podataka koje su dostavili
instruments and strategic level documents;
sistemi daljinskog grijanja u Gradacu i Livnu (koji nisu bili obuhvaeni tim izvjetajem) i u skladu
s tri scenarija
razvojaafinalne
potronje
energije
iz Republike Srpske.
2. to develop
comparative
picture
of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
Svi scenariji predviaju toplifikaciju daljnjih gradskih etvrti i irenje toplotnih mrea (Tabeli
31, Grafikon
Ostale
su: and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
3. to 25).
assess
thepojedinane
current levelkarakteristike
of e-Accessibility
4. to identify good practices in the region;
Sva tri scenarija su na nivou razvoja finalne potronje energije:
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
- scenarij
address
the obstacles
e-Accessibility;
S1
potronje
energije jeto
bez
ulaganja u nove tehnologije i bez primjene dodatnih mjera;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
S2 scenarij potronje energije ukljuuje primjenu odreenih mjera smanjenja potronje energije;

1.2. About this report

S3 scenarij
energije
u uvjetima
intenzivnogGroups
ekonomskog
razvoja i
This
report isukljuuje
part of a potronju
larger project,
Empowering
Marginalised
in e-Governance,
ulaganjima
u
nove
tehnologije.
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
ScenarijSociety
S1
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information
Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional
action plan for Information Society
development,
and the UNCRPD.
Admin. jedinica
2010.
2015.
2020. The programmatic
2025.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Republika Srpska

1.753

2.240

2.580

2.885

Federacija
4.678
5.486
6.294
TheBiH
project is being implemented3.926
by the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
Bosna i Hercegovina
5.680
9.180
Secretariat,
capitalizing on their existing
knowledge, 6.918
networks and8.067
resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Scenarij S2
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Admin.
2015.
2020.
with
the jedinica
fellow UNDP Country Offices in the2010.
region, while the
Office of Senior
ICT Advisor2025.
at the BDP
inRepublika
New YorkSrpska
is providing expertise and playing
an advisory2.152
role. Government-appointed
members
of
1.753
2.289
2.385
the
Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce
(REGATA)4.236
act as government
Focal Points
for their
Federacija BiH
3.926
4.515
4.763
respective countries.
Bosna i Hercegovina

5.680

6.388

6.802

7.147

119

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UNITED NATION
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Scenarij S3
Admin. jedinica

2010.

2015.

2020.

2025.

Republika Srpska

1.753

2.158

2.378

2.562

Federacija BiH

3.926

4.449

4.997

5.546

Bosna i Hercegovina

5.680

6.609

7.376

8.109

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Tabela 31. Pregled scenarija razvoja sistema daljinskog grijanja (u PJ)
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability Prezentirani
in general and
e-Accessibility
particular.da e se na nivou Bosne i Hercegovine sistem
podaci
upuuju nainzakljuak
daljinskog grijanja najintenzivnije razvijati prema S3 scenariju, koji podrazumijeva poveanu
potronju energije u uvjetima intenziviranog ekonomskog razvoja.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

4.2.2. Scenariji smanjenja emisije staklenikih plinova iz


razliitih sistema gradskog centralnog grijanja u BiH

Emisije CO2 za sva tri emisiona scenarija u periodu 2010-2025, odreene su na osnovu
e-Accessibility
can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
podataka o finalnoj potronji energije kako u Republici Srpskoj tako i Federaciji BiH (Tabela 32).
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
S1
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar
orjedinica
higher proportion.
Admin.
2010.
2015.
2020.
2025.
Republika Srpska

132.275,9

155.385,5

142.265,5

156.939,2

Federacija BiH

236.750,5

196.916,4

211.617,8

226.096,6

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


Federacija BiH
236.750,5
218.129,7
264.043,5
311.547,4
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
i Hercegovina
369.026,4
373.515,2
406.309,0
theBosna
relevant
legal context. No single EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but 468.486,6
actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without S2
Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Admin. jedinica
2010.
2015.
2020.
2025.
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Republika Srpska
132.275,9
120.738,8
123.593,2
Furthermore,
moves are afoot to strengthen
these and to149.268,9
enact more legislation.
is at least a five-fold justification
for early346.185,284
action in the area
of e-Accessibility:
BosnaThere
i Hercegovina
369.026,4
332.356,6
349.689,8
S3
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve
access to services to people who are already
marginalized.
It helps fulfil the promise
Society
to reduce rather
Admin.
jedinica
2010. of the Information
2015.
2020.
2025. than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Republika Srpska
132.275,9
149.831,2
131.096,0
139.383,7
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
Federacija BiH

236.750,5

204.565,1

236.249,5

269.565,8

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Bosna i Hercegovina
369.026,4
354.396,3
367.345,5
408.949,5
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit
in a cost
effective
razliitih sistema centralnog grijanja za sva tri scenarija (u t)
Tabela
32. Pregled
emisija
CO iz manner.
2

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

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Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
GgCO eq
prospects
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
500
2

S1

4. The480
earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
S2
460
e-Services and to lower the cost.
440

S3

5. Pursuing
approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
420
convergence
of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
400
and SEE
380 countries.
360

1.2. About this report


340
320
300
2010
The specific goals of this report
are:

2015

2020

2025

Grafikon
25. Ukupne emisije
CO2 izregarding
sektora daljinskog
grijanja uincluding
BiH,
1. to outline
the international
context
e-Accessibility
existing legal
za
period
20102025.
prema
S1,
S2
i
S3
scenariju
instruments and strategic level documents;

2. to
develop aBiH
comparative
picture
e-Accessibility
forizable-bodied
people versus
Za
Federaciju
su navedene
samoofvrijednosti
emisija
sistema daljinskog
grijanjapeople
koja
imaju vlastita
postrojenja
za
proizvodnju
toplotne
energije
i
industrijskih
energana
koje
takoer
with disabilities;
sudjeluju u snabdijevanju toplotnom energijom (Grafikon 25). Emisije iz termoelektrana-toplana
3. to assesstoplotnom
the current
level of e-Accessibility
and
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
koje snabdijevaju
energijom
Tuzlu, Lukavac
i Kakanj
su obuhvaene
emisijama iz
elektroenergetskog
Od 2015.ingod.
toplotnom energijom grada Zenice trebalo
4. to identifysektora.
good practices
the snabdijevanje
region;
bi se vriti
plinske atermoelektrane
toplane umjesto
dosadanje
energane
5. toizdevelop
set of recommendations
for government
andindustrijske
other stakeholders
onfabrike
how to:
"Acelor Mittal Zenica koja je koristila ugalj kao primarno gorivo. Slina situacija je i za Republiku
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Srpsku, odnosno navedene su samo emisije CO2 iz sistema daljinskog grijanja koja imaju vlastita
- za proizvodnju
comply withtoplotne
requirements
for dok
the e
UNemisije
and EU.iz buduih kogenerativnih postrojenja
postrojenja
energije,
kao i iz termoelektrane Ugljevik biti obuhvaene emisijama iz elektroenergetskog sektora.
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regionalMjere
actions plan
for Information
Society
development,
and energije
the UNCRPD. The programmatic
aspekta
proizvodnje
i distribucije
toplotne
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

4.2.3. Mjere za smanjenje emisija staklenikih plinova iz


sektora daljinskog grijanja

Opeproject
mjere: is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
The
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
- Toplifikacija daljnjih gradskih etvrti i irenje toplotnih mrea, poveanje iskoritenosti
Marginalised
Groups in
e-Governance
the e-SEE
Secretariat
are eksploatacije.
positioned within the Social
postojeih
kapaciteta,
analizaand
koritenja
i optimiranje
reima
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Poboljanje
infrastrukture
toplotnih
mrea
with the- fellow
UNDP Country
Offices in
the region,
while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
- Zahvati na cjevovodima: opa zamjena dotrajale vrelovodne i toplovodne cijevne mree
the Regionalu e-Governance
Advisorypoboljanje
Taskforce (REGATA)
as government
Focalkanalskih
Points forcijevi
their
kritinim podrujima,
vrelovoda act
i toplovoda
zamjenom
respective countries.
predizoliranim cijevima, sanacija nadzemnog dijela parovoda, vrelovoda i toplovoda;

121

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UNDER THEkonvencijom
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FRAMEWORK
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Poboljanje sistema prenosa, distribucije i snabdijevanja: mjere smanjenja gubitaka vode,


poveanje kapaciteta cirkulacionih pumpi i ope mjere modernizacije sistema, ugradnja
odgovarajuih regulacijskih ventila i uvoenje frekvencijske regulacije pumpi, uvoenje
balansiranja cijevne mree, zahvati u direktne podstanice, uvoenje kompaktnih podstanica.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Agregati i regulacija

This section
presents
an overview
of nadzora
the UNCRPD,
its significance
and main
sections,
the
Upravljanje
i regulacija:
sistemi
i upravljanja
daljinskog grijanja,
regulacija
tempe
requirements
it sets in
all aspectsi of
e-Accessibility
and nadzor;
how it is to be implemented. This is followed
rature, upravljanje
regulacijom
mjerenjem,
daljinski
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
na agregatima:
revitalizacija
i izgradnja kotlovnica, zahvati na izmjenjivaima,
disability - Zahvati
in general and
e-Accessibility
in particular.
ugradnja kondenzacijskih kotlovnica kod zasebnih toplotnih mrea, uvoenje kogeneracije.

1.1. Mjere
Why
e-Accessibility?
s aspekta
potronje toplotne energije
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
- Individualno mjerenje potronje: uvoenje mjerenja toplotne energije prema stvarnoj
such as olderpotronji:
populations
experience
when seeking
to participate
equalkod
terms
in the Information
ugradnja
kumulativnih
mjeraa
utroka on
toplote
potroaa,
uvoenje
Society.
odgovarajue naplate potronje.
- Poboljanje
karakteristika
regulacije
e-Accessibility
cantoplotnih
potentially
refer to anyzgrada:
type of podsticanje
ICT used byugradnje
citizens, termostatske
and involves everything
kod potroaa, informiranje potroaa o mogunostima uvoenja mjera i poboljanja.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.

4.3. Zgradarstvo

A perhaps
surprising
number of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines cover
4.3.1.
Pregled
postojeeg
stanja
u sektoru
zgradarstva

this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the
relevant legal
context. No
single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
4.3.1.1.
Stambene
zgrade
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
S obzirom
da od 1991.
godine
u BiHFramework
nije obavljen
stanovnitva
postoje
vrlo razliite
(for copyright
exemptions),
and the
Telecoms
(forpopis
assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
procjene o broju stanovnika. Na osnovu ankete koju je 2007. god. provela Agencija za statistiku
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
BiH pretpostavljeni broj stanovnika je 3.447.156, a broj domainstava 1.054.613. Prosjean broj
Furthermore,
moves
are afootiznosi
to strengthen
and to
enact
more
stanovnika po
domainstvu
3,25 BiHthese
(RS 3,29,
FBiH
3,14,
DBlegislation.
3,37), odnosno u urbanom

podruju navedeni prosjek je 3,16 a u ruralnom i poluurbanom 3,41 stanovnik.


There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Prema procjenama tokom proteklog rata je oteeno 447.661 stambenih jedinica, a
ne postoje tani podaci o broju obnovljenih. Statistiki se prati izgradnja stanova u stambenim
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
zgradama koje izvode poduzea, dok se broj izgraenih porodinih kua statistiki ne prati. Imajui
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil energetskog
the promisesektora
of the Information
Society planove
to reduce
rathermoe
than
u vidu podatke
iz statistike
i Studije
BiH, kao i prostorne
entiteta,
increase da
thepostoji
disadvantages
certain
populations
face.
Conversely,
in this
se pretpostaviti
oko 1.200.000
stanova,
ime se
njihov
broj skoroinsufficient
izjednaio seffort
predratnim
brojemarea
od 1.207.693
(prosjena
povrina
60,45
m).
Na
osnovu
dostupnih
podataka
mogu
se
kao
is likely to further marginalize these groups.
realni prihvatiti podaci iz Studije razvoja energetskog sektora BiH o tipologiji stambene izgradnje
Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
(Tabela2.33).
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
Veliina
tokom vremena (tendencija porasta veliine stanova s
their
remitstanova
in a costmijenja
effectivesemanner.
poveanjem ivotnog standarda), a zavisi i od podruja izgradnje (ruralno-urbano).
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

122

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Drugi nacionalni
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Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Porodine kue
Zgrade
(u %) such as mobile phones.
prospects for Administ.
migratingjedinica
web services onto new
platforms
(u %)
FBiH
31
69 into development of
4. The
earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
e-Services
and to lower the cost.
RS
29
71
BD
95
5. Pursuing
approaches that follow EU guidelines5 and recommendations
will assist in the
of the Information
Society in the EU
convergence
of different aspects of the development
BiH
29
71
and SEE countries.
Tabela 33. Stambene jedinice prema tipu izgradnje

Podaci
iz anketathis
koje su provedene
s ciljem da de izradi Studija energetskog sektora BiH
1.2.
About
report
govore o znaajnom poveanju prosjene povrine stana u odnosu na veliinu koja je registrirana
u popisu iz 1991. godine i koja je iznosila 60,45 m (Tabela 34).
The specific goals of this report are:

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


Administ. jedinica
Urbano (u m)
Ruralno (u m)
Prosjek (u m)
instruments and strategic level documents;
FBiH
RS
BD

74,6

103,4

86,3

81,3

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


82,0
81,8
81,9
with disabilities;

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


BiH
77,2
97,2
86,0
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Tabela 34. Priblina veliina stambene jedinice prema podruju
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply
with fonda
requirements
the UN
and stambenog
EU.
Starost
stambenog
je velika,for
tj. vie
od 80%
fonda je starije od 30 godina,
tj. izgraeno je prije donoenja propisa o termikoj zatiti objekata. Jedan dio stambenog fonda
vee starosti u toku rata je oteen, te je prilikom obnove popravljen njihov kvalitet (Tabela 35).
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that is being implemented in the context 70.
of the e-SEE Initiative.
It is a regional
project
designed
80.
90.
Poslije
2000. by
Administrativna jedinica
(u
%)
(u
%)
(u
%)
(u
%)
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
FBiH Democratic Governance Thematic
53Trust Fund to33
9 Eastern Europe
5 region
UNDPs
support the South
inRS
the implementation of the Inclusive Information
Society
the
58
29Priority Area of
5 the e-SEE Agenda+,
8
regional
action plan for Information Society
The programmatic
BD
61 development,
7 and the UNCRPD.
6
26
priorities
of
the
project
are
therefore
fully
aligned
with
the
targets
of
e-SEE
Agenda+.
BiH
59,2
26,6
7,5
6,7
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Tabela 35. Starost stambenog fonda
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
anddecenije
the e-SEE
are positioned
within izthe
Social
S obzirom
da do
skoro kraja prve
21. Secretariat
vijeka nisu doneseni
novi propisi
oblasti
toplotne zatite zgradaGovernance
graenje seSector.
izvodiloThe
prema
starim
JUSOffice
standardima,
kojiisdaleko
zaostaju
Inclusion/Democratic
UNDP
Country
in Sarajevo
working
closely
za
suvremenim
principima
toplotne
zatite
zgrada
i
maksimalno
propisane
potronje
energije
i
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
predstavljaju odlian resurs za poveanje energetske efikasnosti, tj. smanjenje potronje energije.
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
S obzirom na nizak standard graana grijane povrine su uvijek manje od ukupne stambene
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)
act BiH
as government
FocalsPoints
for their
povrine.
Podaci
predstavljeni
u Studiji
energetskog
sektora
moraju se uzeti
rezervom,
s
respective
obzirom nacountries.
ekonomsku situaciju stanovnitva. Ukoliko se prihvati da je prosjena grijana povrina
manja, u tom sluaju je i prosjena potronja energije po jedinici povrine vea (Tabela 36).
123

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Prosjena
grijana
povrina (u
m)

Centralno
grijana
povrina
(u m)

Sobno grijanje
(u m)

Split sistem
grijanja (u m)

FBiH

57,84

74,01

45,90

34,13

RS

50,75

76,80

37,49

21,65

Administrativna jedinica

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

BDsection presents an overview of the


58,66UNCRPD, its
84,87
0,00 the
This
significance54,92
and main sections,
BiH
55,72
75,15
43,85
29,25
requirements
it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility
and how
it is to be implemented.
This is
followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
Tabela 36. Prosjena
grijana povrina i nain grijanja
disability in general and e-Accessibility
in particular.

Naini grijanja:

1.1. Why
e-Accessibility?
30% kua
ima centralno grijanje: gradsko centralno grijanje 12%, pojedinani kotlovi ili

pei
centralno
grijanje
6%. Tipovi
goriva
za domainstva
koja
e-Accessibility
is 11%,
aboutindividualno
overcoming
the range
of barriers
thatkoritenog
people with
disabilities
and others
ne koriste gradsko grijanje: ogrjevno drvo 32%, elektr. energija 6%, prirodni plin 25%, losuch as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
ulje 18%, ugalj 19%.
Society.
70% kua se grije sobnim peima. Tipovi goriva su: ogrjevno drvo 77%, elektrina energija
12%, prirodni
plin 2%, ugalj
9%.
BiH,and
2008)
e-Accessibility
can potentially
refer
to(Studija
any typeenergetskog
of ICT used sektora
by citizens,
involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Na osnovu anketa provedenih u svrhu izrade Studije energetskog sektora BiH, prosjena
television.
Up to 15 energije
percent of
the population
across
the European
Union povrine
has a disability,
as a
godinja koliina
potroena
za grijanje
je 200
kWh/m grijane
(Tabelasuch
37). Ovaj
visual,
speech,
cognitive,
or BiH
motor
impairment,
and klimatskim
SEE countries
can expect to have a
broj jehearing,
priblian,
tj. prosjean,
jer se
prostire
u razliitim
zonama.
similar or higher proportion.
BiH

RS

FBiH

BD

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


Prosjena
energije
za grijanje level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
this area. At koliina
the highest
international
200
216
199
224
(u kWh/m)
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Prosjena
grijana
povrina
(u Television
m)
55,72Frontiers 50,75
spread
across
areas
such as
Without
(for subtitling),57,84
the Copyright58,66
Directive
potronja
(forProsjena
copyrightgodinja
exemptions),
andenergije
the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
za
grijanje
po
domainstvu
(u
kWh/)
11.144
10.962exist for 11.510
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and
benchmarking
programmatic13.140
support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Tabela 37. Potrebna energija za grijanje domainstava

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

4.3.1.2. Javne zgrade (komercijalne i uslune)

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Pretpostavka Itje helps
da u fondu
zgrada
u ovom
sektoru
oko 5 m
po rezidentu
u BiH
imathan
oko
marginalized.
fulfil the
promise
of the
Information
Society
to reduce
rather
19.000.000
m
javnih
zgrada
(komercijalne
i
usluge)
(Studija
energetskog
BiH,
2008).
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
Starost javnih zgrada je prilino velika, a struktura gradnje do 80. godina prolog vijeka je
sljedea:
usluge 64,5%,
obrazovanje
92,3%,
trgovina
74,4%, zdravstvo
i uprava
i administracija
2. Improving
access
to services,
public
and private,
to such a82,6%
significant
proportion
of the
78,5%.population
Zgrade javnog
sektora
griju
se
sistemom
centralnog
grijanja
u
85%
sluajeva
i
samo
15%
opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
koristi sobne pei. Upotreba rashladnih sistema je mala i samo mali broj zgrada ima instalirane
their remit in a cost effective manner.
sisteme hlaenja. Ureaji za klimatizaciju koriste se neto vie (Tabela 38). S obzirom na veliku
starost3.zgrada,
kao e-Accessibility
i loe odravanje
je velikacould
potronja
za grijanje
i ona for
se
Improving
forevidentna
the marginalized
also energije
lead to improved
access

124

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

it can
reduce the cost
web
serviceudevelopment,
and enhance
the
kree odable-bodied
220 kWh/mpeople;
u upravi
i administraciji,
pa doof572
kWh/m
zdravstvu. Potronja
energije
za hlaenje
nije
procjenjivana
zbog
malog
broja
rashladnih
ureaja,
a
statistiki
podaci
ne
postoje.
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
BiH
FBiH
RS
DB
Podsektor
e-Services
and to lower the cost.
u kWh/m
kWh/m
kWh/m
kWh/m
approaches that follow
will assist
Turizam5.i Pursuing
ugostiteljstvo
392 EU guidelines
59and recommendations
79
108 in the
of the development
of the Information
Society96
in the EU
kolstvoconvergence of different aspects240
24
23
and SEE countries.

Trgovina

345

90

85

119

Zdravstvo

605

30

37

47

45

51

75

39

50

52

1.2.
About this report
Uprava i administracija
267
Ostalo

The specific goals of this report are:

302

Tabela 38. Ukupna potronje energije u sektoru usluga

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


Iz
podataka o and
potronji
energije
podsektorima, kao i to da je potronja energije za grijanje
instruments
strategic
leveludocuments;
viestruko vea od potronje energije u ostale svrhe, vidljivo je da se najvee utede u potronji
to develop
picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
energije2.mogu
postiiaucomparative
sistemima grijanja.
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;

4.3.1.3. Industrijske
zgrade
4. to identify good practices in the region;

5. to developzgrade
a set ofnisu
recommendations
fortoga
government
and ne
other
stakeholders
howje
to:
Industrijske
analizirane zbog
to o njima
postoje
podaci. Uontoku
address
to e-Accessibility;
proces privatizacije,
te jethe
zaobstacles
sada nemogue
dobiti pouzdane podatke o graevinskim objektima u
industrijskom
sektoru.
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
ThisScenariji
report is part of smanjenja
a larger project, Empowering
Marginalised Groups plinova
in e-Governance,
4.3.2.
emisija staklenikih
u
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
sektoru zgradarstva
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
4.3.2.1. Stambene zgrade
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regionalRazvoj
actionsektora
plan for
Information
Society energije
development,
the UNCRPD.
The
programmatic
zgradarstva
i potronje
u njimaand
moemo
posmatrati
kroz
tri mogua
priorities
the project
therefore
fully aligned
with
the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
scenarija,ofzasnovana
naare
podacima
u sektoru
iz 2010.
god.:
S1 scenarij
blagi rast BDP
i potronje
energije. UNDP-funded
Osnovna odlika e-SEE
ovog scenarija
The
projectpodrazumijeva
is being implemented
by the
Sarajevo-based
Initiative
je
nastavak
sadanjih
trendova,
tj.
porast
stanovnitva,
izgradnja
stanova
i
potronja
energije,
koji
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
e rasti skoro linearno. U ovom scenariju nisu predviene nikakve mjere za smanjenje potronje
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
energije, jer je ekonomska mo drava slaba, te nema sredstava za ulaganje u bilo kakve mjere.
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with theS2
fellow
UNDPse
Country
in the region,
Office
Senior ICTmjera
Advisor
at the BDP
scenarij
baziraOffices
na srednje
brzom while
rastuthe
BDP
bezof dodatnih
energetske
efikasnosti.
Osnovne
odlike
ovog scenarija
suan
srednje
brzrole.
rastGovernment-appointed
BDP i s njim poveanamembers
potronjaof
in
New York is
providing
expertise
and playing
advisory
energije
bez
provoenja
ikakvih
mjera
energetske
efikasnosti.
S
obzirom
da
se
ne
provode
mjere
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for
their
energetske efikasnosti potronja energije znatno raste, jer se gradi vei broj stambenih zgrada, a
respective countries.
istovremeno s jaanjem ekonomske moi stanovnitva se poveava i potreba za energijom na nivou
jednog domainstva (vea grijana povrina, vei broj aparata u domainstvu i sl.).
125

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

S3 scenarij ukljuuje srednje brzi rast BDP i provoenje mjera energetske efikasnosti.
Ukoliko bi se ekonomski razvoj zemlje odvijao po scenariju srednje brzog razvoja i rasta BDP, porast
potronje energije bi bio velik. Provoenjem mjera energetske efikasnosti trend rasta potronje
energenata bi bio usporen. U tom bi se sluaju mogle postii znaajne utede, tj. smanjenje
potronje energenata i emisije CO2

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
4.3.2.2. Javne zgrade (komercijalne i uslune)

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
U zgradama
javne
namjene
najvee utede
je mogue
postii
unapreenjem
sistema
requirements
it sets in all
aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how
it is to be
implemented.
This is followed
centralnog
grijanja
i
hlaenja,
kao
i
sistema
osvjetljenja,
uz
mjere
energetske
obnove
omotaa
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
zgrade.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Poto se veina javnih zgrada grije pomou centralnih sistema grijanja, tj. toplana,
mogunosti da se smanji potronja energenata, ali i emisije CO2, su znatne. S obzirom da se u
ovom sektoru oekuje izgradnja velikog broja novih zgrada, efekat primjene novih propisa koji
ograniavaju potronje energije za grijanje, ali i ukupnu potronju energije donijet e brze rezultate.
e-Accessibility
is abouttj.overcoming
the range
of barriers
that people
with disabilities
othersi
Energetska sanacija,
primjena mjera
energetske
efikasnosti
u sistemima
grijanja,and
hlaenja
such
as older populations
experience
when seeking
to participate
one
equal
termsutedom
in the Information
klimatizacije,
kao i osvjetljenja,
na postojeim
zgradama
rezultirat
znatnom
energij.
Society.
S1 scenarij se bazira na jako blagom rastu BDP i potronje energije. Osnovna odlika ovog
scenarija je nastavak sadanjih trendova, tj. porast stanovnitva i izgradnja javnih zgrada sadanjim
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
tempom i potronja energije, koji e rasti skoro linearno.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.UUp
to 15
percent nisu
of thepredviene
populationnikakve
across the
European
Union has
a disability,
suchjer
asjea
ovom
scenariju
mjere
za smanjenje
potronje
energije,
ekonomska
mo
drava
slaba,
te
nema
sredstava
za
ulaganje
u
bilo
kakve
mjere.
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
S2 scenarij podrazumijeva srednje brzi rast BDP i bez ikakvih mjera energetske efikasnosti.
Osnovne odlike ovog scenarija su bri rast BDP i s njim poveana potronja energije, ali bez
A perhaps
surprising
number ofefikasnosti.
international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
provoenja
ikakvih
mjera energetske
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
S3 scenarij
ukljuuje
rastEU
BDP
i provoenje
mjera energetske
efikasnosti,
tj. mjeraare
za
the relevant
legal context.
Novei
single
directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but actions
smanjenje potronje. Osnovne odlike ovog scenarija su bri rast BDP i s njim poveana potronja
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
energije, koja e uz provoenje mjera energetske efikasnosti biti smanjena u odnosu na S2.4.3.3.
(for
copyright
exemptions),
and
the Telecoms
Framework
(forzgradarstva
assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Mjere
za smanjenje
emisija
staklenikih
plinova
iz sektora
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

4.3.3. Mjere unaprjeenja energetske efiaksnosti u u


There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
sektoru zgradarstva

1.- Uspostavljanje
It is worthwhile inpravnog
its ownokvira
right to
to services
to people
who are already
za improve
uvoenjeaccess
energetske
efikasnosti
u zgradarstvu;
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
- Kampanje
jaanja svijesticertain
i edukacija
korisnika
i investitora;
increase
the disadvantages
populations
face.
Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
- Energetska obnova postojeih stambenih zgrada i zavretak djelomino zavrenih kua;
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
- Primjena
energetski
efikasnih
tehnologija
za opremanje
zgrada.
population
opens
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and
can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

126

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
4.4. Saobraaj
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
4.4.1.4. Pregled
postojeeg stanja u sektoru saobraaja
e-Services and to lower the cost.

5. Pursuing
approaches
that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
4.4.1.1.
Cestovni
saobraaj
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
Prema
podacima
koji su prikupljeni od nadlenih institucija, ukupna duina cestovne mree
and SEE
countries.
u BiH iznosi 22.744,30 km od ega je 37,60 km autoput, 39,50 km puteva rezerviranih za saobraaj
motornih vozila, 3.785,70 km magistralnih, 4.681,50 km regionalnih, odnosno oko 14.200 km
lokalnih puteva.

1.2. About this report

Gustina ukupne cestovne mree u Bosni i Hercegovini iznosi 44 km na 100 km2, dok gustina
magistralnih
puteva
7,4 naare:
100 km2. U Federaciji BiH gustina magistralnih puteva iznosi 7,67
The
specific goals
ofiznosi
this report
km /100 km2, odnosno, u Republici Srpskoj - 7,17 km / 100 km2. U Bosni i Hercegovini, gustina
cestovne mree prema broju stanovnika iznosi 5,68 km puteva / 1.000 stanovnika, odnosno, 0,94
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
km magistralnih puteva / 1.000 stanovnika .
instruments and strategic level documents;
S2.obzirom
da je
u 2011. godinipicture
u Bosni
Hercegovini registrirano
ukupno
1.026.254
motorna
to develop
a comparative
ofi e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
versus
people
vozila, na osnovu raspoloivih podataka moemo zakljuiti da prosjeno optereenje puteva
with disabilities;
motornim vozilima iznosi oko 45.121 vozila / 1.000 km. Nedovoljna irina kolovoza, veliki nagibi,
otri radijusi
krivina,the
te brojni
drugi
faktori
doprinose daand
su operativne
brzine
na putevima u Bosni
3. to assess
current
level
of e-Accessibility
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
i Hercegovini oko 50 km/h, kao i nizak nivo saobraajne usluge, to za posljedicu ima veliki broj
4. to identify good practices in the region;
saobraajnih nezgoda, a samim tim i poveanje trokova.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address motornih
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
Broj
cestovnih
vozila
registriranih u 2011. godini u odnosu na 2010. godinu
(950.915-m/v) predstavlja
poveanje
od 57.611
vozila,
comply with
requirements
for the
UN odnosno
and EU. za 6,07%. (Tabela 39).

UkupanEmpowering
broj
Ukupan
broj GroupsRazlika
u broju
This report is part of a larger project,
Marginalised
in e-Governance,
registriranih vozila registriranih vozila
registriranih vozila
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
u 2010. god.
u 2011. god.
(u %)
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Federacija BiH
569.859
611.766
6,85
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Srpska
292.831
306.229
inRepublika
the implementation
of the Inclusive Information
Society Priority
Area of the e-SEE4,37
Agenda+, the
Distrikt Brko
30.614
32.920
7
regional
action plan for Information Society
development, and
the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities
the project are therefore fully
aligned with the targets
of e-SEE Agenda+.6,07
Ukupno uofBiH
893.304
950.915
Administrativno-politika jedinica

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Tabela 39. Ukupan broj registriranih cestovnih motornih vozila u BiH, u periodu 2010-2011.
Secretariat, capitalizing on their
existing
knowledge,
networks and resources. Empowering
(Izvori:
http://bihamk.ba
i MUP,RS)
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

127

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
Slika 13. Cestovna mrea u Bosni i Hercegovini

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Pregled motornih vozila u BiH pokazuje da je svako etvrto vozilo starosti do 8 godina, odnosno
from
websites
for e-government
for blindraditi
people
subtitling
on
2/3 ukupno
registriranih
vozila je services,
starije od to
15telephony
godina, te support
da nije isplativo
bilotokakva
tehnika
television.
Upkoja
to 15bipercent
of the efekte
population
across
the European
Union has
a disability,
as a
poboljanja
imala znatne
na okoli,
ergonomski,
ekonomski
i ak
energetskisuch
progres.
Teretna
vozila su
takoer
starija od
godina,
to utie na
javnu
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or10
motor
impairment,
and
SEEsigurnost,
countries efikasnost,
can expectsmanjenje
to have a
udjela
realiziranog
prihoda,
kao
i
na
mogunosti
zapoljavanja
u
meunarodnom
transportu.
Ako se
similar or higher proportion.
uzme u obzir stvarna godinja stopa promjene u broju cestovnih m/v (period 2003-2011), uz uvaavanje
analognih promjena stope godinjeg BDP, moe se odrediti prosjena godinja stopa porasta.
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
agreements,
and guidelines
cover
Konkretnije,
oekivani
ukupni
broj cestovnih
m/v u BiH
u periodu regulations
2010-2025. rast
e po prosjenoj
this
area. At
theod
highest
level,
the UNCRPD,
and coming
into
2008, is
godinjoj
stopi
oko 4%international
odnosno, njihov
oekivani
ukupni ratified
u 2025. god.
iznosit e
okoforce
1,83 in
mil.
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
KATEGORIJA
Broj (for
vozila
udio (u e-Accessibility
%)
(for copyright exemptions),
and the Telecoms Framework
assistiveRelativni
technologies).
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Mopedi, motocikli i etverocikli
3.515
6,10%
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Putnika vozila

44.294

76,92%

ThereAutobusi
is at least a five-fold justification for early 187
action in the area of0,33%
e-Accessibility:
Teretna vozila

4.429

7,69%

1. It Prikljuna
is worthwhile
people who are already
vozilain its own right to improve access
2.984 to services to 5,18%
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Radne maine
383
0,66%
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Traktori
2.061
3,58%
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
UKUPNO

57.853

100%

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population
significant
opportunities,
can
helpzapublic
services fulfil
Tabela 40.opens
Struktura
prvi put market/sales
registriranih cestovnih
motornihand
vozila
u BiH
2011. god.
prema kategorijama
their remit in a cost effective
manner. (Izvor: www.ideea.gov.ba)
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

128

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can reduce
cost of webjeservice
development,
andpredstavljen
enhance the
Obim
cestovnog
transporta
u Bosnithe
i Hercegovini
za baznu
2011. godinu
preko dva
pokazatelja:
prevoz
robe
i
prevoz
putnika.
Prema
oba
pokazatelja
obim
transporta
je
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
imao porast u odnosu na 2010. god. za oko 3%.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

4.4.1.2. eljezniki
saobraaj
5. Pursuing approaches
that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
eljezniki saobraaj u Bosni i Hercegovini realiziraju dva operatera - javna poduzea:
andFederacije
SEE countries.
eljeznice
BiH i eljeznica Republike Srpske. Pored osnovne djelatnosti, prevoza robe
i putnika, eljezniki operateri u BiH obavljaju i komplementarne djelatnosti kao to su: specijalni
prevozi, skladitenje, kombinirani transport, pretovar itd. Robnotransportni centri za prihvat,
pretovar ili skladitenje pojedinanih, paletnih i grupnih poiljki, ve funkcioniraju ili se obnavljaju
u svim veim industrijskim centrima u BiH (Ploe, Mostar, Sarajevo, Doboj, Banja Luka, Tuzla,
Zenica,
Brkogoals
distrikt,
Bosanski
Glavni korisnici usluga eljeznikog prijevoza su: hemijska
The
specific
of this
reportamac).
are:
industrija u Tuzli, eljezara i BH Steel u Zenici, rudnici mrkog uglja u Zenici i Tuzli, Rudnik eljezne
rude u Prijedoru, Aluminijski kombinat u Mostaru, industrijski kompleks u Sarajevu, distributeri
1. to outline
naftnih derivata
i dr. the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
Prema podacima iz 2010. god. ukupna duina eljeznikih pruga iznosi 1.031 km, od ega
2. to develop
a comparative
picture
e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people
je u Federaciji
BiH 608,495
km, emu
trebaofdodati
i industrijske
kolosijeke dopeople
svakogversus
znaajnijeg
with kapaciteta.
disabilities;Od toga je 72% ili 440 km u FBiH elektrificiranih eljeznikih pruga, a u RS
proizvodnog
je 79% ili 336 km. Ovo eljeznikim operaterima daje neogranienu mogunost direktnog pristupa
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
u preuzimanju i isporuci svih vrsta robe. Od toga, 87 km su pruge s dva kolosijeka. Postoje dva
4. to identify
good practices
in thesjever-jug
region; (amac - Doboj - Sarajevo Mostar - apljina
glavna eljeznika
pravca:
jedan je pravac
develop
a set of zapad-istok
recommendations
for government
and other
on how to:
Ploe),5.a to
drugi
ide pravcem
(Bosanski
Novi / Novi Grad
Dobojstakeholders
Tuzla Zvornik).
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Obim eljeznikog transporta u Bosni i Hercegovini je za baznu 2011. godinu takoer
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
predstavljen preko dva pokazatelja: prevoz robe i prevoz putnika. Za razliku od drumskog obim
eljeznikog transporta je u oblasti prevoza putnika imao pad u odnosu na 2010. god. za oko 8,5%.
Navedeni pokazatelj najbolje ilustrira postojee trendove, ali i mogunosti ublaavanja u oblasti
Thisureport
transporta
BiH. is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
Da Country
bi mreaOffice
eljeznikih
pruga
u BiH
zadovoljila
evropske by
standarde
the UNDP
in Bosnia
and
Herzegovina,
supported
DG/BDPi postala
NY, andznaajniji
funded bydio
the
mree
evropskih
eljeznica
u
budunosti
neophodno
je
da
se,
pored
podizanja
nivoa
redovnog
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
odravanja postojeeg stanja, vri poboljanje investiranjem u nova vozila i infrastrukturne
in
the implementation
of kojima
the Inclusive
Society
of thepoveanje
e-SEE Agenda+,
the
kapacitete
na linijama na
je obimInformation
prometa izraen
i naPriority
kojima Area
se oekuje
prometa.
regional
actionbiplan
for interesantna
Information Society
and the
UNCRPD.
The programmatic
Na ovaj nain
postala
i nudila development,
kvalitetnije usluge
drugim
evropskim
eljeznikim
operaterima.
To project
se prijeare
svega
odnosi na
pruge
kojewith
se nalaze
na Koridoru
Vc,Agenda+.
te pruge koje se veu
priorities
of the
therefore
fully
aligned
the targets
of e-SEE
na taj koridor. Na ovu injenicu upuuje rast prometa u putnikom saobraaju u oba entiteta, koji
je do 2007.
iznosio
5,9%implemented
nakon ega seby
u 2010.
i 2011. god. pojavila
izvjesna razlika
(poveanje
Thegodine
project
is being
the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
u
FBiH
i
smanjenje
u
RS).
Navedeno
ukazuje
da
bi
se,
s
prosjenim
porastom
od
4,7%,
broj
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
putnikih km u narednih 18 godina (do 2030) poveao za oko 84,6% ili na cca 100 miliona putnikih
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
kilometara. U isto vrijeme, teretni saobraaj bi u istom periodu mogao da poraste za 31%, tj. na 900
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
miliona t/km.
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

1.2. About this report

129

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
Slika 14. eljeznika mrea u BiH

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
4.4.1.3. Zrani saobraaj
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar oretiri
higher
proportion.
aerodroma
(Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Mostar i Tuzla) registrirana za meunarodni zrani
saobraaj su u fazi dovoenja na nivo opisan za njihove kategorije u ICAO standardima. Takoer, ovi
aerodromi
su obnovljeni
tokom
poslijeratnog
perioda.
Ukupne donatorske
investicije
u renoviranje
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
aerodroma iznosile su oko 70 miliona KM. Trokovi opreme i instalacije koja je potrebna u skladu
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
s Ugovorom CEATS su procijenjena na 14 miliona eura, s drugim znaajnim ulaganjima potrebnim
the
legal context.
No single EU
directiveputnikih
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but actions
arei
za relevant
razvoj navedena
etiri aerodroma
(proirenje
terminala,
teretnih terminala,
opreme
spread
across
areaskoritenja
such as Television
Without
Frontiers
(for
thesarajevski
Copyrightaerodrom
Directive
pogona).
S aspekta
vlastitih aviona
/ letjelica,
moe
sesubtitling),
izdvojiti samo
s
etiri
aviona
(2
tipa
ATR
72/212,
te
2
Boing
737),
dok
ostali
spomenuti
aerodromi
funkcioniraju
na
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
i lokalnoj
bazi. Ako
poduzmu and
odreene
dravne mjere
se pobolja
funkcionalnost,
isamaterskoj
also covered
by policy,
and se
guidelines
benchmarking
existdafor
programmatic
support.
ukupan promet ovih aerodroma, s godinjim porastom od 2%, dostii e maksimalnih 62.000
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
putnika u narednih 18 godina. Porast broja putnika na sarajevskom aerodromu je relativno dobar
u sadanjim okolnostima, i to je godinji porast od 8% u iduem periodu, a broj putnika narast e
is at least
a five-fold
na okoThere
1.040.000
u 2030.
godini. justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already

4.4.1.4. Vodni
marginalized. Itsaobraaj
helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Mrea plovnih puteva na unutranjim vodama i kratka jadranska obala, predstavljaju
areazaisrazvoj
likely to
further marginalize
theseugroups.
potencijal
i koritenje
vodnih resursa
saobraajnom smislu. Mreu plovnih puteva na

unutranjim
vodamaaccess
BiH ine
prirodni tokovi
Save - 333
km, aDrine
- 15 km,
Bosne - of
5 km,
2. Improving
to services,
publicrijeka
and private,
to such
significant
proportion
the
Vrbasa - 3 km, Une - 15 km, dio Neretve, te nekoliko prirodnih i vjetakih jezera. S obzirom da plovne
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
rijeke najveim dijelom ine granicu sa susjednim dravama, tokom rata je dolo do postavljanja
their
remit inna
a cost
effective
manner.
minskih
prepreka
plovnim
putevima,
zatim konstrukcijama poruenih mostova, nanosima,
potonulim
plovilima ie-Accessibility
sl., to, uz nerijeen
status rijeke,
plovidbu
inito
skoro
nemoguom.
3. Improving
for thepravni
marginalized
could
also lead
improved
access for
2

130

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; itsecan
reduce
the costu of
web service
and enhance
the
Bosna
i Hercegovina
takoer
ukljuila
proces
Savske development,
inicijative. U decembru
2003.
godine, prospects
zemlje savskog
sliva
su
potpisale
Okvirni
sporazum
o
slivu
rijeke
Save
iji
sastavni
dio
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
je i Protokol o reimu plovidbe. Ovim sporazumom, rijeka Sava je dobila status meunarodne
The earlier
action
is taken,
the easier
is to integrate
e-Accessibility
into development
rijeke, a4.Savska
komisija
je dobila
ovlatenje
daitdjeluje
na rehabilitiranju
plovidbe.
S obzirom daof
je promet
na unutranjim
e-Services
and to plovnim
lower theputevima
cost. u BiH dugo bio zanemaren, udio rijenog u ukupnom
prometu u 2000. godini je iznosio ispod 1%. Osnovna obiljeja stanja u rijenom prometu BiH su:
5. plovni
Pursuing
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
assist in the
zaputeni
putevi,
nepostojanje
tehnoloki
moderne and
floterecommendations
(tegljenje umjestowill
potiskivanja),
of the development
of the Information
Society
in the EU
different aspects
tehnikaconvergence
i tehnoloka of
zastarjelost,
kao i devastirane
luke i nedostatak
brodogradilita
s navozom.
Kao pozitivnu
injenicu
treba
napomenuti
da
rijena
plovidba
ima
institucionalno
jednak
status
and SEE countries.
kao i drugi saobraajni vidovi. Nakon rata je zapostavljen razvoj rijenog saobraaja, jer nije bio
rijeen pravni status rijeke Save, a razvoj privrede u tom periodu ne bi opravdao znaajnija ulaganja
u oivljavanje rijene plovidbe. Plovni put rijeke Save (E-80-12) u BiH, od Jasenovca do granice sa
Srbijom (od rkm 507 do rkm 225), odgovara zahtjevima III. klase plovnosti, dok na dijelu od rkm 225
(Brko) do 165 (Raa) odgovara zahtjevima IV. klase plovnosti.
The specific goals of this report are:
Na rijeci Savi rade tri luke: Brko, Bosanski Brod/Brod i Bosanski amac/amac. Bosna
i Hercegovina
nema morske
luke, ali koristi
jadranske
lukee-Accessibility
u Hrvatskoj, prvenstveno
luku Ploe.
1. to outline
the international
context
regarding
including existing
legal
Da bi se koristila rijeka Sava, kljuno je da se na njoj reguliraju vodni putevi kako bi se dostigla
instruments and strategic level documents;
prijeratna kategorija IV. U poslijeratnom periodu su uraene popravke postrojenja u luci Brko.
U obnovu
vodnih
puteva
rijeke Save
i lukaofBrko
i Bosanski
uloena
su samo
2. to
develop
a comparative
picture
e-Accessibility
foramac/amac
able-bodied people
versus
people
ograniena
sredstva.
Oprema
u
luci
Brko
dijelom
je
obnovljena
iz
donatorskih
sredstava.
with disabilities;

1.2. About this report

Analizirajui
raspoloive
kapacitete
vodnog saobraaja,
kao i ekonomska
kretanja u regiji,
3. to assess the
current level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
moe se4.pretpostaviti
da bipractices
on mogaoinporasti
oko 20%, prije svega u luci Ploe, sa sadanjih oko 3,4
to identify good
the region;
miliona tona na oko 11 miliona tona godinje u narednih 18 godina (do 2030. god.), dok bi godinji
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
saobraaj od 0,7 miliona tona na Savi sa 2% porasta 2030. godine mogao dostii 0,952 miliona tona
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
godinje.comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

4.4.1.5. Potanski saobraaj

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being
in thesaobraaj
context ofuthe
e-SEE
Initiative.jeIt ureen
is a regional
project
designed
Pravniimplemented
okvir za potanski
Bosni
i Hercegovini
Zakonom
o potama
BiHby
(Slubeni
glasnik BiH",
33/05),and
kojim
su ureeni supported
uvjeti za jedinstveni
i usuglaeni
potanski
the
UNDP Country
Officebroj
in Bosnia
Herzegovina,
by DG/BDP
NY, and funded
by the
servis
usluga
na
dravnom
nivou.
Potanski
saobraaj
u
BiH
organiziran
je
s
tri
javna
potanska
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
operatera, od ega dva djeluju na podruju FBiH, a jedan na teritoriji RS, i to:
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional- action
plan
for Sarajevo,
Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
JP BH
Pota
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
- Preduzee za potanski saobraaj RS A.D. Banja Luka i
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
- Hrvatska
potaon
d.o.o.
Mostar.
Secretariat,
capitalizing
their
existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Osim tri javna potanska operatera, u BiH djeluje i sedam privatnih potanskih operatera,
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
UNDP
Country
Office
in Sarajevo
is working
kao to su: DHL, International
d.o.o,
24VIPThe
d.o.o.,
FEDEX
expres
d.o.o.,
Intreuropa
rtt d.o.o.closely
i Ivia
with
fellow
UNDP
Country
Offices
in the region,
while
the Office
of Senior
ICTusluge
Advisor
at the BDP
d.o.o.the
Rhea
d.o.o.
Osim
klasinih
potanskih
usluga,
potanski
operateri
svoje
baziraju
na
novim
i to: tritu
prometa
usluga.
in
Newtritima,
York is providing
expertise
andi tritu
playingbankarsko-financijskih
an advisory role. Government-appointed
members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

131

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nacionalni
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UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

4.4.2. Scenariji smanjenja emisija staklenikih plinova u


sektoru saobraaja

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Osnova za izradu 3 scenarija za ublaavanje u oblasti sektora saobraaja bazira se na


injenici da cestovni saobraaj u BiH, u poreenju sa eljeznikim saobraajem, ini 90% ukupne
godinje potronje energije (dizel i benzin) u ovom sektoru, to je, prema podacima za 2010.
godinu,
oko presents
923.500 tona
Imajui
naUNCRPD,
umu da eits
procijenjeni
prosjeni
godinji
rast broja
This
section
an goriva.
overview
of the
significance
and main
sections,
the
motornih vozila iznositi oko 4%, treba oekivati da e prosjeni porast godinje potronje goriva
requirements
it sets
in allto
aspects
and howdizela
it is toi be
implemented.
This is followed
dostii najmanje
3,5%,
govoriofdae-Accessibility
e ukupna potronja
benzina
dostii 1.309.000
tona u
by2030.
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
godini. Zato se vjeruje da postoje dobre mogunosti za racionalniju i ekonominiju potronju
u ovoj oblasti.
Ako and
se ue-Accessibility
obzir uzmu vozila
mlaa od 10 godina, odreeni prorauni pokazuju da su
disability
in general
in particular.
gubici energije i potronja goriva prosjeno 10-20% vei, dok je kod vozila starijih od 15 godina,
koja ine 64% vozila u ovoj regiji, taj procenat je 20-40% goriva vie na 100 km. To posebno ukazuje
na ogromne okoline, energetske i ekonomske gubitke u podsektoru cestovnog saobraaja, ali i
mogunosti velikih uteda u oblasti cijelog saobraajnog sektora.
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
S1 scenarij
bazira
se na vewhen
utvrenim
poveanja
cestovnih
motornih
such as older
populations
experience
seekingtrendovima
to participate
on equalbroja
terms
in the Information
vozila po prosjenoj godinjoj stopi od oko 5,8%, na prosjenoj starosti voznog parka izmeu 12
Society.
do 15 godina, bez provoenja mjera homologacije i s prosjenom godinjom stopom poveanja
potronje dizela i benzinskog goriva od 3,7% (Grafikon 26). Prema iznesenim pokazateljima, broj
e-Accessibility
can potentially
to any type
of ICTstopi
used od
by oko
citizens,
andznai
involves
cestovnih
motornih vozila
rast e porefer
prosjenoj
godinjoj
4%, to
da everything
e u 2025.
god.
njihov
oekivani
ukupni
broj
iznositi
oko
1,83
mil.,
odnosno
potronja
fosilnih
goriva
porast on
e
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling
na oko 1,592
mil.
Pri tome
uzima da e
emisija
plinova
koju
proizvodesuch
cestovna
television.
Up to
15tona.
percent
of thesepopulation
across
thestaklenikih
European Union
has
a disability,
as a
motorna vozila proporcionalno rasti s porastom potronje energije fosilnih goriva. U odnosu na
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
starost voznog parka u BiH preraunato je da prosjena emisija CO2 iz cestovnih motornih vozila
similar
iznosi or
okohigher
185 g proportion.
CO2/km. Navedeni podatak odgovara prosjenoj potronji od 6,5 l/100 km za dizel
i oko 7,0 l/100 km za benzinska vozila, za vremenski period 1998-2008.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
se u
obzir uzmu
prezentirani
o obimuratified
cestovnog
transporta
prema
this area.Ako
At the
highest
international
level, podaci
the UNCRPD,
and coming
intomogu
force se,
in 2008,
is
definiranom koeficijentu, izraunati vrijednosti emisije CO2. Konkretnije, vrijednost emisije za
the
relevant
context.
No motorna
single EU
directive
dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but actions
are
navedene
baznu
2010.legal
god. za
cestovna
vozila
u BiHisiznosi
oko 2,65
mil.t CO2. Uvaavajui
spread
across
areas such
Television
Frontiers
subtitling),
the Copyright
trendove
u kretanju
broja as
cestovnih
m/vWithout
i potronje
goriva(for
emisiona
vrijednost
iznosit eDirective
u 2025.
god.
oko 5.086
GGg CO2. and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
(for
copyright
exemptions),
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
S2 scenarij se bazira na uvoenje dodatnih tehnikih mjera za cestovna motorna vozila s
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
aspekta poboljanja energetske efikasnosti motora i smanjenja potronje goriva. Prema ovom
scenariju stopa porasta broja cestovnih m/v je identina kao u S1, s tim da je predvieno da
There is
at least
a five-fold
justification
early action
in the area of(Grafikon
e-Accessibility:
se pobolja
kvalitet
goriva
koje se
koristi kaofori drumska
infrastruktura
26). Znaajan
element ovog scenarija jeste i smanjenje prosjene starosti cestovnih m/v na 12 godina do 2025.
god. Osnovni
cilj ovog scenarija
jeste
smanjenje
emisijskog
koeficijenta
sapeople
185 g CO
/km iz bazne
2 are already
1. It is worthwhile
in its own
right
to improve
access to
services to
who
godine na 150 g CO2/km u 2025. god. Rezultati ovog scenarija takoer ukazuju na pozitivan trend
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
kretanja emisije do 2025. god. uz napomenu da su vrijednosti prosjeno za oko 20% manje u odnosu
increaseto
theupuuje
disadvantages
certain
face.
Conversely,
insufficient
na S1 scenarij,
na zakljuak
dapopulations
su mogunosti
smanjenja
emisija
velike. effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
S3 scenarij se bazira na pretpostavci da e BiH do 2025. godine postati lanica EU, pa bi
2.
access tokoje
services,
public and
private,
to Konkretnije,
such a significant
proportion
of the
se moraleImproving
provoditi direktive
su propisane
za ovu
oblast.
Uredbom
EU 443/2009/
population opens
market/sales
opportunities,
and can
help public
services
fulfil
EZ o smanjivanju
emisijasignificant
CO2 iz lakih
vozila propisane
su standardne
vrijednosti
emisija
za nova
putnika
motorna
vozila.
uredbom EU je postavila cilj da od 2012. godine smanjenje
their
remit in
a costNavedenom
effective manner.
emisija novih vozila u prosjeku iznosi 130 g CO2/km. Planirano dodatno smanjenje od 10 g CO2/km
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

132

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
it can
reduce dodatnih
the cost of
web service
and enhance
the
(120 g CO
/km) moepeople;
se postii
primjenom
tehnikih
mjeradevelopment,
(kvalitetnije gume,
kvalitetno
2
gorivo, i prospects
sl.). Dugoroni
cilj
je
da
se
do
2020.
godine
dostigne
emisija
od
samo
95
g
CO
/km.
Zahtjevi
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
2
za proizvoae cestovnih motornih vozila koje e se trebati primjenjivati su sljedei: u 2012. godine
The earlier
is taken,
the easier
it is to integrate
intogod.
development
65% svih4.novih
vozila action
mora biti
usklaeno
s Uredbom,
u 2013. e-Accessibility
god. 75%, u 2014.
80%, dokof
od 2015.e-Services
god. svi novi
nacost.
tritu morat e biti usklaeni sa zahtjevima Uredbe. Ovim
andautomobili
to lower the
scenarijem je takoer planirana znaajna promjena u strukturi prevoza putnika i roba, u smislu
5. Pursuing
approaches
that follow
guidelines
recommendations
assistmjeri
in the
poveanja
udjela eljeznikog
transporta
naEU
preko
50% doand
2025.
god. Time bi se will
u velikoj
aspects
of broja
the development
of (Grafikon
the Information
Society element
in the EU
differentstope
utjecalo convergence
na smanjenjeofgodinje
rasta
cestovnih m/v
26). Znaajan
u smanjenju
emisija
po
ovom
scenariju
predstavlja
uvoenje
novih
propisa
o
uvozu
cestovnih
m/v,
and SEE countries.
poput homologacije vozila, kojima se znaajno smanjuju emisijski koeficijenti.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Grafikon 26. Ukupne emisije CO2 iz saobraajnog sektora u BiH,

za period
20102025.
S1, S2 i S3 scenariju
The project is being
implemented
by prema
the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Rezultati scenarija ukazuju da bi se uz smanjenje konkretne vrijednosti emisijskog
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector.
Country
Officeprestrukturiranje
in Sarajevo is working
closely
koeficijenta na prihvatljivi
nivo od oko
100 gThe
COUNDP
/, km uz
adekvatno
transportne
2
with
the fellow
UNDP Country
Officesi vodeni
in the region,
while
the Officeemisije
of Senior
ICT Advisor atsektora
the BDP
strukture
s cestovnog
na eljezniki
saobraaj,
vrijednosti
iz saobraajnog
bi New
se doYork
2025.
god. snizile
na prihvatljivih
2.431
. Izrole.
podataka
se takoer moe uoiti
da biof
in
is providing
expertise
and playing
anGgCO
advisory
Government-appointed
members
2
primjena
navedenih
mjera
imala
konkretne
efekte
tek
2020.
god.
s
obzirom
da
bi
tokom
2015.
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points forgod.
their
bilo prisutno neznatno poveanje, odnosno navedeni desetogodinji period bi se mogao uzeti kao
respective countries.
svojevrsna faza stabilizacije emisije staklenikih plinova u saobraajnom sektoru.

133

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nacionalni
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SECOND
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OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

4.4.3. Mjere za smanjenje emisija staklenikih plinova iz


sektora saobraaja

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

- Uspostavljanje efikasnog meunarodnog domaeg i tranzitnog eljeznikog saobraaja


ijim bi se poveanjem proporcionalno smanjivao udio cestovnog saobraaja;

- Podizanje
efikasnosti
saobraaja;and main sections, the
This section
presentsnivoa
an overview
ofi kapacitivnosti
the UNCRPD,rijenog
its significance
requirements
it setsintermodalnog
in all aspects transporta
of e-Accessibility
and how
it is to be implemented.
is followed
- Razvoj
kao ekoloki
najprihvatljivijeg
i bezbjednogThis
vida transporta;
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
voznog parka
s energetski visokoefikasnim cestovnim vozilima;
disability - Osuvremenjivanje
in general and e-Accessibility
in particular.
- Zabrana proizvodnje i potronje olovnog benzina;

1.1. - Rekonstrukcija
Why e-Accessibility?
i osavremenjivanje saobraajnica;
e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
- Poreski
podsticaji
za kupovinu
i koritenje
energetskion
visokoefikasnih
vozila i
such as older
populations
experience
when seeking
to participate
equal terms inmotornih
the Information
uveani poreski nameti za energetski niskoefikasna motorna vozila.
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
4.5. umarstvo
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on

4.5.1. Pregled postojeeg stanja u sektoru umarstva u BiH

television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
suproportion.
jedan od najznaajnijih prirodnih resursa u Bosni i Hercegovini, koji posljednjih
similar orume
higher
decenija dobija sve vei multifunkcionalni znaaj, koji se kree od proizvodnje toplotne energije do
skladitenja staklenikih plinova. Openito se moe konstatirati da ume u BiH najveim dijelom
A perhaps
surprising number of international
agreements,dijelova,
regulations
guidelines
cover
pripadaju
evrosibirsko-sjevernoamerikoj
regiji kontinentalnih
dok and
ume
mediteranske
this
area.
At the highest
international
level, the UNCRPD,
ratified
and coming
in 2008,
is
regije
pripadaju
mediteranskoj
ili sredozemnoj
regiji. Najvii
planinski
dijeloviinto
koji force
se nalaze
iznad
gornje
granice
ume
pripadaju
alpsko-visokonordijskoj
regiji. to e-Accessibility, but actions are
the
relevant
legal
context.
No single
EU directive is dedicated
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
Prostorni razmjetaj glavnih vegetacijskih tipova podlijee zakonima horizontalne zonalnosti
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
i visinske pojasnosti. Najnie hipsometrijske nivoe zauzima pojas hrastovih uma nizinskog i
isbrdskog
also covered
by ilirske
policy,i prelazne
and guidelines
and benchmarking
exist
foruprogrammatic
support.
podruja
ilirsko-mezijske
provincije, na
koji se
visinskom i klimatskom
Furthermore,
moves gorski
are afoot
to strengthen
these
andbukve
to enact
more
smislu nadovezuje
pojas
bukve, bukve
i jele,
i jele
sa legislation.
smrom i subalpinski pojas
bukve (reda fagetalia). Poseban pojas zauzima klekovina bora (krivulja) s vrlo izraenim prateim
visokoplaninskim
floristikim
diverzitetom
kojifor
seearly
odlikuje
brojnim
i reliktnim vrstama.
There is at least
a five-fold
justification
action
in theendemima
area of e-Accessibility:
Mediteranska regija je vegetacijsko izdiferencirana na manju eumediteransku zonu zimzelene
vegetacije, zatim submediteransku zonu i mediteransko-montani pojas listopadne vegetacije.
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps
fulfil BiH
the (ha)
promise of the Information
to reduce rather than
Federacija
RepublikaSociety
Srpska (ha)
Ukupno

increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort(ha)


in this
Dravna
Privatna
Ukupno
Dravna
Privatna
Ukupno
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
ume

905.000

209.000

1.114.000

813.000

258.000

1.071.000

2.185.000

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Ostalo umsko
301.000significant
69.000market/sales
370.000 opportunities,
160.000
19.000
549.000
population opens
and
can help179.000
public services
fulfil
zemljite
their remit in a cost effective manner.
Tabela
41. Povrina
uma i ostalogfor
umskog
zemljita u Bosni
i Hercegovini
FRA 2010/026)
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
the marginalized
could
also lead (Izvor:
to improved
access for
2

134

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
Slika 15. umski pokriva u BiH (Izvor: CLC2000)
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop
set of recommendations
for government
anduother
stakeholders
on how
to:
Prema
istom aizvoru,
ukupna povrina umskog
zemljita
Distriktu
Brko, iznosi
oko
- u ijoj
address
thedominiraju
obstacles to
e-Accessibility;
11.000 ha,
strukturi
ume
u privatnom vlasnitvu - 8.500 ha dok je oko 2.500 ha
u dravnom
vlasnitvu.
U skladu
sa prikazanim
gotovo 400.000 ha (186.141 ha u FBiH i
comply with
requirements
for thepodacima,
UN and EU.
207.719 ha u RS) tretira se kao golet s produktivnom funkcijom i potencijalno moe da bude ukljuena
u programe poumljavanja. Poseban doprinos u istraivanju umskog kompleksa na nivou BiH su
rezultati evropskog projekta CORINE Land Cover (ili CLC2000) koji predstavlja znaajnu podrku u
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
aktivnostima vezanim za zatitu ekosistema, zaustavljanje gubitka biodiverziteta, praenje utjecaja
that
is being
implemented
in the
context
of the e-SEE
Initiative.
It is adirektive
regionaloproject
designed
klimatskih
promjena,
procjenu
razvoja
poljoprivrede
i primjenu
Okvirne
vodama.
CLC2000by
the
UNDP Country
Office in
and Herzegovina,
supported6.byOkolinskog
DG/BDP NY,
and funded
by the
je znaajan
set podataka
za Bosnia
implementaciju
kljunih prioriteta
akcionog
programa
EvropskeDemocratic
zajednice. Navedeni
projekat
pokrivenosti
zemljita
je imao
da definira
strukturu
UNDPs
Governance
Thematic
Trust Fund
to support
thezadatak
South Eastern
Europe
region
koritenja
biofizikog
pokrivaa
zemljine
povrine,
meu
kojima
je
kao
posebna
tematska
cjelina
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
uzet umski pokriva. CLCpodaci za BiH su dodatno doraivani tokom 2006. godine na osnovu ega
regional
action
plan koritenja
for Information
Society
development,
the UNCRPD.
programmatic
je izraena
GIS karta
zemljita
sa prateom
bazomand
podataka
(Slika 15).The
umski
pokriva
priorities
of theoznaku
project3are
therefore
fully aligned
with the
of e-SEEsAgenda+.
u CLC2000ima
i u BiH
je strukturno
diferenciran
natargets
6 subkategorija
kodom treeg nivoa.
Provedenim GIS analizama dobijeni su kvantitativni podaci o povrinskom razmjetaju umskog
Theu BiH,
project
is being
implemented
by the
pokrivaa
prema
kojima
on zauzima oko
53%Sarajevo-based
dravne teritorijeUNDP-funded
(Tabela 42). e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Najzastupljenija
subkategorija
liarsko-listopadne
ume kojewithin
zauzimaju
oko
Marginalised
Groups in umska
e-Governance
and the su
e-SEE
Secretariat are positioned
the Social
31,8% od ukupne povrine BiH. Sve ostale kategorije umskog pokrivaa imaju znaajno manje
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
povrinsko rasprostranjenje: mjeovite ume - 7,9%, tranzicijske ume i ikare - 5,5%, etinarske
with
fellowsklerofilna
UNDP Country
Offices
in the dok
region,
while the
Office of rasprostranjenost
Senior ICT Advisorotpada
at the BDP
umethe
- 4,8%,
vegetacija
- 1,4%,
najmanja
povrinska
na
in
New
York is providing
expertise
and Struktura
playing annavedenih
advisory role.
Government-appointed
members
zone
s oskudnom
vegetacijom
- 0,6%.
subkategorija
odgovara ve navede
nimof
vegetacijskim
tipovima visinske
pojasnosti
i horizontalne
zonalnosti
u BiH. U
liarsko-listopa
the
Regional e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA) act
as government
Focal
Points for their
dnim
umama
dominiraju
bukva
sa
oko
39%
uea,
zatim
hrast
kitnjak
sa
oko
19%
itd. U etina
respective countries.
rskim umama dominiraju jela s oko 12,8%, smra sa 8,6%, crni bor - 7,2%, bijeli bor 2,5%, dok
0,1% ine sve ostale vrste.
135

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nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
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u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

KOD, KATEGORIJA
3.1.1. Liarsko listopadna uma

P (ha)
1.627.688,16

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
3.1.2. etinarska uma

243.805,59

3.1.3. Mjeovita uma

404.219,37

3.2.3. Sklerofilna vegetacija

711,00

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
uma/ikara
278.891,92
requirements it sets 3.2.4.
in all Tranzicijska
aspects of e-Accessibility
and how it is to be
implemented. This is followed
Zone sa
oskudnom vegetacijom
43.296,87Union level relating to
by a description of 3.3.3.
the major
instruments
and actions at the European
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Tabela 42. Struktura umskog pokrivaa u BiH

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

4.5.2. Scenariji za ublaavanje u sektoru umarstva u BiH

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older
populations
seeking to
participate
on equal
terms inogleda
the Information
Znaaj
umskog experience
pokrivaa uwhen
ublaavanju
utjecaja
klimatskih
promjena
se preko
Society.
njihovog kapaciteta da veu i akumuliraju ugljenik. Prema procjenama IPCC, u svjetskim umama
je akumulirana ogromna koliina ugljenika. Dok atmosfera sadri oko 750 milijardi tona ugljenika
u obliku
CO2, svjetske
sadrerefer
okoto2000
mrd.oftona
vezanog
ugljenika.
500 mrd.
e-Accessibility
canume
potentially
any type
ICT used
by citizens,
and Priblino
involves everything
tona ugljenika je akumulirano u drveu i bunju i 1500 mrd. tona u tresetitima, zemljitima i
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
umskoj prostirci. Od navedene koliine, svake godine krui atmosferom oko oko 100 milijardi
television.
Up to 15
percent
of the population
across
the European
hasekosistema.
a disability, such as a
tona. Navedeni
podaci
na najbolji
nain ilustruju
vanost
ouvanjaUnion
umskih
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
osnovu
dosadanjih prouavanja o produkciji biomase prema odreenim vrstama uma,
similar orNa
higher
proportion.
dobijeni su sekvestracijski koeficijenti za umski pokrov prema geografskim zonama. Konkretnije,
za umski pokriva umjerenog klimatskog pojasa u BiH vrijednosti izraunatih sekvestracijskih
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
kapaciteta su prezentirani u Tabeli 43.
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated
to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Sekvestracijski kapacitet (Mt C)
Povrina
spread across areas
such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
Biom
(Mil. ha)
Vegetacija
Tlo
Ukupno
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
umecovered
umjerenog
pojasa
BiH
2,7 benchmarking
153,65 exist for 260,67
is also
byklimatskog
policy, and
guidelines
and
programmatic414,33
support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Tabela 43. Sekvestracijski kapacitet umskog pokrivaa u BiH

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Navedeni podaci na najbolji nain ilustruju znaaj umskog pokrivaa u Bosni i Hercegovini,
posebno kada se navedeni sekvestracijski kapacitet prezentira kroz sadraj staklenikih plinova,
1. Itoko
is worthwhile
ineq.
its Takoer
own rightjeto
improve
services
tovrijednostima
people who are
already
koji iznosi
1.515 Mt CO
vano
da seaccess
naglasitoda
se radi o
koje
imaju
2
ne samo
nacionalni ve
i iri regionalni
znaaj. of the Information Society to reduce rather than
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil the promise
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Osnova za izradu 3 scenarija za ublaavanje utjecaja klimatskih promjena u oblasti
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
umarstva u BiH bazira se na iznesenim podacima o stanju umskog fonda, sadanjim politikama
gazdovanja
i trendovima
njegovog
budueg
razvoja.
skladutos proraunima
izvedenim
iz uputstava
2. Improving
access
to services,
public
and U
private,
such a significant
proportion
of the
za promjene
u
umskim
sistemima
i
drugim
zalihama
drvne
biomase
proraunato
ukupno
uee
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
biomase u BiH prosjeno godinje iznosi oko 2.386,5 Gg suhe tvari, dok proraunati neto godinji
their remit in a cost effective manner.
unos CO2 ima vrijednost od 2.024,60 Gg. Na osnovu IPCC odreenih vrijednosti uea ugljenika
u suvoj3.tvari,
ukupnie-Accessibility
godinji unos ugljenika
u umskom pokrivau
BiH to
za improved
1990. god.access
iznosiofor
je
Improving
for the marginalized
could alsoulead
2

136

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

people;
can reduce ithe
cost of webgodinjeg
service development,
and enhance
the
3.217,85able-bodied
Gg. U skladu
s ovimit rezultatima
proraunima
otputanja/emisije
ugljenika,
konanoprospects
godinje poniranje
CO
u
oblasti
umskih
ekosistema
u
BiH
iznosilo
je
7.423,53
GgCO
.
U
for migrating2 web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
2
odnosu na utvrenu stopu prosjenog godinjeg smanjenja umskog zemljita u BiH od oko 2.500
4. The
earlier action
is taken,ukupnog
the easier
it is to integrate
ha dobijena
je povrinska
vrijednost
umskog
pokrivaae-Accessibility
za baznu 2010.into
god.development
od 2.673.700of
ha. Analogno
navedenom
umske povrine definirana je vrijednost godinjeg poniranja
e-Services
and to smanjenju
lower the cost.
za 2010. god. od 7327,5 GgCO2. U navedenu vrijednost su inkorporirane emisije CO2koje nastaju
5. Pursuing
approaches
thatpostoji
follow odreena
EU guidelines
andnesigurnost
recommendations
will assist
in the
sagorijevanjem
drvne
biomase iako
mjerna
oko podataka
za iznos
development
of thesjee
Information
Society
in the EU
convergence
of different
ogrjevnog
drveta te uee
emisijaaspects
vezanihofzathe
kategoriju
bespravne
za sektor
umarstva.
and SEE countries.
S1 scenarij bazira se na utvrenom trendu smanjenja povrina pod umskim pokrivaem,
koje su utvrene u postratnom periodu, i ne ukljuuje nikakve dodatne mjere za promjenu postojeeg
trenda. Osnovni uzroci za navedeno stanje vuku korijene iz prethodnih ratnih dogaanja, kada su
ume bespravno sjeene zbog ogrevnog drveta i drugih osnovnih potreba ili kao izvor dodatnih
prihoda. Poseban aspekat navedenog negativnog trenda predstavlja koritenje degradiranog
The
specific
of svrhe,
this report
are: zemljita koja su pogodna za poumljavanje. Ovim scenarijem
umskog
tla goals
u druge
posebno
takoer nije predviena znaajnija promjena u koritenju drvne mase za proizvodnju toplotne
energije1.ili to
drvne
industrije
(Grafikon 27).
Na osnovu
prezentiranih
podatakaincluding
s Grafikona
27. jasno
outline
the international
context
regarding
e-Accessibility
existing
legal
moe da se uoi navedeni negativni trend opadanja sekvestracijskih kapaciteta, koji su posljedica
instruments and strategic level documents;
gubljenja umskog fonda po prosjenoj godinjoj stopi od oko -0,8%.
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
S2
scenarij
bazira se na primjeni odreenih stimulativnih mjera za ouvanje postojeeg
with
disabilities;
umskog pokrivaa. Osnovna mjera podrazumijeva poveanje kapaciteta ponora kroz praktine
naine primjene
odreenih
metoda
u svrhu
vezivanja
ugljenika u drvnu
3. to assess
the current
level silvikulture
of e-Accessibility
andpoveanja
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
biomasu4.na
umskim
povrinama.
Vana mjera predstavlja poumljavanje goleti, to bi
topostojeim
identify good
practices
in the region;
povealo ukupni godinji prirast biomase. Jedna od vanih mjera prema S2 scenariju predstavlja
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
unapreenje gazdovanja umama, posebno s aspekata stalne kontrole i nadzora nad zdravljem
address
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
uma, intenziviranje
prorjeivanja
i ienja
uma i sadnja pionirskih vrsta drvea na degradiranoj
comply
with
requirements
for
theodnosi
UN andseEU.
umskoj zemlji. Jo jedna veoma vana aktivnost
na unapreenje protivpoarnih mjera, s
ciljem prevencije i smanjenja broja umskih poara, koji su posljednjih nekoliko decenija klimatski
uzrokovani i viestruko uestali. Rezultat primjene navedenih mjera odrazio bi se na odranje
sadanjeg
i blagog
ponorskih
kapaciteta umskog
pokrivaa
u BiH
27).
Thisnivoa
report
is partpoveanja
of a larger
project, Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in (Grafikon
e-Governance,

1.2. About this report

that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
Prema S2 scenariju ponorski kapaciteti bi prosjeno rasli po neznatnoj prosjenoj godinjoj
the
UNDP
Office
Bosnia
anduHerzegovina,
DG/BDPkapaciteta
NY, and funded
by the
stopi koja Country
iznosi oko
5 GginCO
. S tim
vezi ukupno supported
poveanje by
ponorskih
za umski
2
UNDPs
theuvjete
Southkoji
Eastern
Europe
region
pokrivaDemocratic
u 2025. god.Governance
bi iznosilo Thematic
oko 62 GgTrust
CO2 Fund
to jetozasupport
trenutne
postoje
u sektoru
umarstva
u BiH, kakoofsthe
aspekta
zakonske
legislative
tako
i s aspekta
gazdovanja
in
the implementation
Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority
Area ofkonkretnog
the e-SEE Agenda+,
the
koja
je
umama,
realno
ostvariv
cilj.
U
navedeni
scenarij
su
inkorporirani
podaci
o
emisiji
CO
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
2
produkovana sagorijevanjem drvne biomase, s obzirom na to da se planovima gazdovanja vri
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
planirana sjea i potronja ogrevnog drveta. Meutim, postoji odreena mjerna nesigurnost oko
podataka za koliinu ogrevne drvne biomase, te uee emisija vezanih za kategoriju bespravne
The
project
is being
theega
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
sjee, jer
podaci
za 2010.
god.implemented
nisu oficijelni by
zbog
su u proraunima
koritene samo
procjene.
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
S3 scenarij
zasnovan
je na pretpostavci
da eSecretariat
BiH do 2025.
postati
punopravna
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and the e-SEE
are godine
positioned
within
the Social
lanica Evropske unije Governance
ime bi morala
da prihvati
sve obaveze
i direktive
su propisane
za sektor
Inclusion/Democratic
Sector.
The UNDP
Country
Office inkoje
Sarajevo
is working
closely
umarstva. To se prije svega odnosi na potpuno certificiranje cjelokupnog umskog fonda u BiH u
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
svrhu unapreenja odrivog upravljanja umamskim kompleksima. Kako je ve navedeno proces
in
New York is
providing
expertise
and playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
certifikacije
uma
doprinosi
ublaavanju
utjecaja
klimatskih
promjena poveanjem members
godinjegof
the
Regional
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)
act as government
Points
for their
prinosa
drvnee-Governance
biomase, ouvanja
umskog
zemljita
i biodiverziteta,
kao i Focal
uopte
poboljanja
socioekonomskih
funkcija ume (Grafikon 27). Jedna od posebnih mjera koju uvaava S3 scenarij
respective
countries.
podrazumijeva kontinuirano poumljavanje degradiranog umskog pokrivaa i poumljavanje
137

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

i rehabilitacija umskih goleti u svrhu odravanja i ouvanja postojeih i povrinskog poveanja


umskih povrina u narednom periodu. Ova mjera ima za cilj da se zaustavi negativni trend
smanjenja umskih povrina, odnosno da znaajnije povea postojeu povrinu pod umskim
pokrivaem. U tu svrhu vrlo vanu aktivnost prema ovom scenariju predstavlja potpuno deminiranje
postojeih miniranih umskih povrina (oko 10 % od ukupnih umskih povrina), ime se dodatno
otvara mogunost da se poveava skladini potencijal uma u BiH za ugljenik.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Grafikon 27. Neto prosjeno godinje poniranje CO2 iz sektora umarstva u BiH,
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive,
or2010-2025,
motor impairment,
and
countries can expect to have a
za period
prema S1, S2
i S3SEE
scenariju
similar or higher proportion.
skladusurprising
s navedenim
aktivnostima,
procijenjena
povrina
po S3 scenariju
ublaavanja
AU
perhaps
number
of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
poveala bi umske povrine za dodatnih 33.000 ha i time, uz primjenu svih predvienih mjera,
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
uvealo prosjeni godinji ponorski kapacitet umskog pokrivaa u BiH za oko 285 Gg CO2.
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

4.5.3. Mjere ublaavanja klimatskih promjena u sektoru


umarstva

- Odravanje postojeeg i poveanje budueg prirasta gustine ugljenika po jedinici povrine


There(tC
is at
least
five-fold
justification
early action
in the area of e-Accessibility:
/ ha)
na a
bazi
primjene
odreenihfor
metoda
silvikulture;
poumljavanje
i rehabilitacija
umskih
goleti
1.- Kontinuirano
It is worthwhile in
its own right /toponovno
improve poumljavanje
access to services
to people who
are already
u
svrhu
odravanja
i
ouvanja
postojeih
i
povrinskog
poveanja
umskih
povrina
u
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
narednom periodu;
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area
is likely to further
marginalize
these
groups.
- Deminiranje
postojeih
miniranih
umskih
povrina koje imaju dodatnu mogunost za
poveavanje skladinih potencijala za ugljenik;
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
- Unapreenje postojeeg protivpoarnog sistema za zatitu uma od umskih poara, koji
population
opens
significant
market/salespraenja
opportunities,
and can
helpi efikasne
public services
fulfil
ukljuuje
mehanizme
permanentnog
i osmatranja
i brze
intervencije
their uremit
in a costnjihovog
effective
manner.
sluajevima
pojavljivanja;
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

138

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people;
it can
reduce thezacost
of web service
development,
and enhance
the
- Uspostava
efikasnih
mehanizama
spreavanje
svih nezakonitih
aktivnosti
u sektoru
umarstva
u
Bosni
i
Hercegovini,
koje
recentno
imaju
vrlo
znaajne
negativne
implikacije;
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action
is taken,umskog
the easier
it is utoBiH
integrate
into development
- Certifikacija
cjelokupnog
fonda
u svrhue-Accessibility
unapreenja odrivog
upravljanjaof
umskim
kompleksima;
e-Services
and
to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
and
recommendations
will assist
in the
- Kontinuirani
rast energije
dobivene
koritenjem
drvne
biomase, u svrhu
adekvatne
of the development
of the efekat;
Information Society in the EU
convergence
different
zamjene zaofgoriva
kojaaspects
imaju visokoproduktivni
stakleniki
- andPoveanje
povrine
zatienih
umskih
podruja.
SEE countries.

1.2.
this report
4.5.4. About
Tresetita
Tresetita
znaajan
The specific
goalssu
of posebno
this report
are: tip stanita koji je na globalnom nivou akumulirao ogromne
koliine ugljenika. Dananji rudnici uglja su nekada bili tresetita. Bez ovih fosilnih tresetita
vjerovatno ne bi bilo Industrijske revolucije, niti antropogene emisije CO2, antropogenog globalnog
1. to aoutline
regarding
e-Accessibility
including existing legal
zagrijavanja,
samimthe
timinternational
niti zanimanjacontext
za tresetita
kao skladita
ugljenika.
instruments and strategic level documents;
Prema rezultatima brojnih istraivanja tresetita sadre vie ugljenika i mogu da absorbuju
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
vie ugljendioksida po hektaru na godinjem nivou od svih tropskih kinih uma. Procjenjuje se
with disabilities;
da tresetita
sadre u prosjeku 5.000 tona ugljenika po hektaru i absorbuju ugljenik iz zraka
prosjenom
stopom
tona po
hektaru
godinje (Gray).
3. to assess od
the0,7
current
level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify
goodhistosola
practices
in thetreseta)
region;u Bosni i Hercegovini iznosi 9708.468 ha. Najvee
Ukupna
povrina
(niskih
to develop
set of recommendations
for government
and other
stakeholders
how to:
povrine5.nalaze
se na apodruju
Livanjskog polja (Veliki
i Mali dralovac)
pri emu
na ravno, on
nizinsko,
tresetno- kiseloaddress
tlo na aluvijalnim
pjeskovitim
ilovaama otpada 2662,78 ha a na tresetno - gejno
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
tlo 2049.33
jugozapadnom
dijelu poljafor
nathe
podruju
- ha. U
comply
with requirements
UN andsela
EU.Grborezi tresetno - gejno tlo zauzima
povrinu od 1027,55 ha, dok ravno, nizinsko, tresetno tlo na aluvijalnim pjeskovitim ilovaama
zauzima povrinu od 1047,83 ha. U zoni naselja Donji Kazanci ravno, nizinsko, tresetno tlo na
aluvijalnim pjeskovitim ilovaama zauzima povrinu od 326,59 ha. Ukupna povrina tresetita na
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
podruju Livanjskog polja je 7114,08 ha. Godinje, u periodu juli - septembar, iskopa se oko 80.000
that
is being
implemented
in the context
of the
e-SEE
Initiative.skladini
It is a regional
project
designed
kubnih
metara
treseta na lokaciji
dralovac,
ime
se smanjuje
potencijal
za ugljenik
odby
the
Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
oko UNDP
376 tona.
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Na podruju Glamokog
polja tresetno
- gejno
karbonatno
zauzima
od 801,54
in the implementation
of the Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority tlo
Area
of the povrinu
e-SEE Agenda+,
the
ha. Na podruju Hutovog blata ravno, nizinsko, tresetno tlo na aluvijalnim pjeskovitim ilovaama
regional
action plan
for Information
development,
and the
UNCRPD. The
programmatic
zauzima povrinu
od 973,64
ha. U irojSociety
zoni Gabele,
prema granici
s Republikom
Hrvatskom,
ravna
priorities
of thetla
project
are therefore
alignedha.
with
targets
e-SEE
niska tresetna
zauzimaju
povrinufully
od 272,63
U the
dolini
rijekeofPlive
naAgenda+.
potezu od ipova do
Plivskih jezera ravno, nizinsko, tresetno tlo na aluvijalnim pjeskovitim ilovaama zauzima povrinu
The
is being
implemented
by thetresetno
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
od 418,41
ha.project
Na podruju
Lonara
ravno, nizinsko,
tlo na aluvijalnim
pjeskovitim
ilovaama
zauzima povrinu
od 33,02onha.
U irem
podruju
Bihaa,networks
pored naselja
Orljani ravno,
nizinsko,
Secretariat,
capitalizing
their
existing
knowledge,
and resources.
Empowering
tresetno
bezkarbonatno
tlo
na
aluvijalnim
pjeskovitim
ilovaama
zauzima
povrinu
od
28,33
ha.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Na irem podruju Miljevine ravno, nizinsko, tresetno tlo na aluvijalnim pjeskovitim ilovaama
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
zauzima povrinu od 3,45
ha
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Na osnovu
podataka
o ponorskim
kapacitetima
razliitih
tipova bioma na Zemlji members
mogue jeof
in New York
is providing
expertise
and playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
procijeniti
zalihe
C u tlu i vegetaciji
u Taskforce
tresetnim tlima
u Bosni
Hercegovini:
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
(REGATA)
act ias
government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

139

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Tlo:

9708.47 ha x 642.90 t/ha C= 6.241.575,36 t C

Vegetacija:

9708.47 ha x 42.90 t/ha C=

416.493,36 t C

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Na osnovu iznesenih pokazatelja dolazi se do podatka da je ukupna zaliha ugljika u tresetnim


tlima Bosne i Hercegovine iznosi 6.658.068,72 t C, to je iznimno velika vrijednost u usporedbi sa
sumarnim godinjim vrijednostima iz svih sektora emisija.

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

4.6. Poljoprivreda

4.6.1. Pregled postojeeg stanja u sektoru poljoprivrede

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

Poljoprivreda predstavlja jednu od stratekih grana privrednog razvoja BiH prvenstveno


e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
thesektoru
range (preko
of barriers
people
with disabilities and others
zbog velikog broja
zaposlenih
u ovom
19% that
u 2011.
godini).
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society. Prema procjenama danas u BiH ima oko 515.000 poljoprivrednih gazdinstava. U okviru
ovog broja pretpostavlja se da preko 50% ovih proizvodnih jedinica, odnosno oko 250.000, imaju
veliinu manju od 2 ha, a da preko 80%, odnosno 400.000 njih, manje je od 5 ha. Tek neto vie od
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
20.000 gazdinstava, ili 4% od ukupnog broja, ima povrinu veu od 10 ha. Iz navedenih podataka
from
websites
for su
e-government
services,
to telephony
support
for(prosjek
blind people
to i subtitling
jasno
se vidi da
poljoprivredna
gazdinstva
u BiH i dalje
mala
3,3 ha)
usitnjena,on
u
television.
to 15 percent
of manjih
the population
the European
Union has a disability,
as a
prosjeku Up
podijeljena
na 7-9
parcela,across
to uzrokuje
nisku produktivnost
i skromnusuch
ukupnu
ekonomsku
efikasnost.
Skorija istraivanja
pokazuju daand
su SEE
gazdinstva
kojacan
mogu
da zadovolje
visual,
hearing,
speech, cognitive,
or motor impairment,
countries
expect
to have a
sopstvene
potrebe,
kao
i
gazdinstva
djelomino
orijentirana
na
trinu
proizvodnju,
ona koja
similar or higher proportion.
konzumiraju veinu svoje proizvodnje i koja proizvode malo u smislu vika pogodnog za prodaju,
ostaju dominantni oblik strukture gazdinstava u BiH.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
Slika 16. Poljoprivredne
povrine ucould
BiH (CLC2000)
3. Improving e-Accessibility
for the marginalized
also lead to improved access for
2

140

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;BiH
it can
reduce
of web ha
service
development,
and
enhance the
Od
ukupne povrine
(51.129
km)the
okocost
2,3 miliona
ili 46%
pogodno je za
poljoprivredu,
od kojih prospects
se samo 0,65%
navodnjava.
Od
ukupnog
poljoprivrednog
zemljita
u
BiH
68%
je obradivo
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
zemljite i 32% su livade. Plodne ravnice ine 16% poljoprivrednog zemljita BiH, 62% su manje
4. The earlier action
is taken,
themediteranskog
easier it is to integrate
plodna brdsko-planinska
podruja,
dok
prostora e-Accessibility
ima oko 22%. into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
U nizinskim podrujima prirodni uvjeti su povoljni za odrivu poljoprivrednu proizvodnju
5. Pursuing
approachesNajbolji
that follow
EU tla
guidelines
and
will Une,
assistSane,
in the
i modernu
trinu ekonomiju.
kvalitet
nalazi se
u recommendations
dolinama rijeka Save,
aspects
of thejedevelopment
of theodrive
Information
Society
the EU
convergence
Vrbasa, Bosne
i Drine.ofUdifferent
tim dolinama
mogue
da se organiziraju
produkcije
odin
itarica
(penice,and
jema,
soje,
kukuruza),
uzgoj
stoke
u
stajama,
masovan
uzgoj
voa
i
povra,
ljekovitog
SEE countries.
bilja i industrijska postrojenja. U planinama BiH ima manje vrijednog poljoprivrednog zemljita.
U tim podrujima je mogue organizirati stoarstvo i dopunsku poljoprivrednu proizvodnju, zatim
proizvodnja organske hrane i hrane za ivotinje, uzgoj jema za pivo, krompir itd. Poljoprivrednog
zemljita u mediteransko regiji pokrivaju kraka polja koja u tom podruju zauzimaju oko
170.000 ha. Na tim lokacijama bi mogli da se organiziraju intenzivni staklenici, a na otvorenom
The
specific
goals of this uzgoj
reportagruma
are:
prostoru
vinogradarstvo,
i povra, uzgoj slatkovodne ribe i pelarstva. Vie od 30%
u submediteranskom podruju je pod panjacima, visoravnima, na kojima se moe jako dobro
organizirati
proizvodnja
(koze,context
ovce, goveda).
1. tostoarska
outline the
international
regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal

1.2. About this report

instruments and strategic level documents;


2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
4.6.2.
Scenariji za ublaavanje u poljoprivrednom sektoru
with disabilities;

Potencijali
zathe
ublaavanje
utjecaja
klimatskih promjena
u oblasti poljoprivredne
proizvodnje
3. to assess
current level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
u BiH mogu da se posmatraju s dva aspekta: kao potencijali za poniranje i kao izvor emisija
4. to identify
goodPotencijali
practices in
region; staklenikih plinova su definirani prostornim
za staklenike
plinove.
zathe
poniranje
5. toi tipom
develop
a set of recommendations
for government
and
other stakeholders
onBiH
howsu
to:
obuhvatom
poljoprivrednog
zemljita. Rezultati
istraivanja
ponorskih
kapaciteta za
predstavljeni
u address
narednojthe
tabeli.
obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
Kategorija

Povrina
(000.ha)

Sekvestracijski kapacitet (Mt C)


Vegetacija

Tlo

Ukupno

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


Oranice
i bae
1,94
that
is being
implemented in the context 1.018
of the e-SEE Initiative.
It is a81,44
regional project83,38
designed by
the
UNDP
Countryklimatskog
Office in Bosnia
supported
by DG/BDP
funded by the
Livade
umjerenog
pojasa and Herzegovina,
1.160
8,35
273,76 NY, and 272,11
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Ukupno: 355,49
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Tabela 44. Sekvestracijski kapacitet poljoprivrednog zemljita u BiH
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Na osnovu prezentiranih podataka moe se konstatirati da poljoprivredno zemljite u BiH,
The
being implemented
the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
slino kao iproject
umskiispokriva)
ima iznimnobyveliki
kapacitet skladitenja
ugljenika.
Konkretnije,
postojei ponorski
kapacitet
tipova poljoprivrednog
zemljita
u BiH
za glavne staklenike
Secretariat,
capitalizing
onnavedenih
their existing
knowledge, networks
and
resources.
Empowering
plinove
iznosi
oko
1.305,3
Mt
CO
eq.
Shodno
navedenom
podatku
moe
se
konstatirati
da Social
je s
2
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance
and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the
aspekta potencijala za ublaavanje klimatskih promjena znaaj ouvanja postojee odnosno
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
poveanja povrine poljoprivrednog zemljita iznimno velik i nema neku bliu alternativu.
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York
providing
expertisepotencijala
and playingza
anublaavanje
advisory role.
Government-appointed
members
Drugiisaspekt
istraivanja
utjecaja
klimatskih promjena
odnosiof
se na
godinjee-Governance
emisije staklenikih
plinova
koje proizvodi
proizvodnje.
Prema
the
Regional
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)sektor
act aspoljoprivredne
government Focal
Points for
their
iznesenim
podacima
u
BiH
u
postratnom
periodu
postoji
kontinuirani
trend
smanjenja
obradivog
respective countries.
poljoprivrednog zemljita, dok se tretman postojeih obradivih poljoprivrednih povrina odvija uz
primjenu zastarjele, tehnoloki neadekvatne i energetski neefikasne mainske i druge pratee
141

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

tehnoloke opreme. Takoer je indikativan trend neadekvatnog odlaganja i primjene talskog ubriva,
kao i upotrebe loijih tipova mineralnog ubriva. Slina situacija postoji i u podsektoru stoarske
proizvodnje gdje postojei trendovi ukazuju na opadanje proizvodnih rezultata zbog nekvalitetne i
nedovoljne stone ishrane koja se nastoji kompenzirati poveanjem broja stonih grla.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

S1 scenarij se bazira na navedenom trendu poslijeratnog smanjenja obradivih poljoprivrednih


povrina i njihovog prevoenja u najee graevinsko zemljite i ne podrazumijeva dodatne mjere za
njihovo ouvanje. Prema ovom scenariju takoer je nepromijenjeno loe stanje s aspekta primjene
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
poljoprivredne mehanizacije i druge tehnike opreme kako s aspekta njihove proizvodnje tako i s
requirements
it sets inefikasnosti,
all aspectsto
of e-Accessibility
how it is to
be implemented.
is odnosno
followed
aspekta energetske
nuno rezultiraand
poveanom
potronjom
fosilnih This
goriva
byukupnih
a description
the major plinova.
instruments
and actions
at the European
Union level
relating
to
emisija of
staklenikih
Poljoprivredni
stimulansi,
posebno ubriva,
uglavnom
su na
nivou niskokvalitetnih
rezultira dodatnom
poveanom emisijom, posebno azotnih oksida. Niska
disability
in general andto
e-Accessibility
in particular.
proizvodna produktivnost u podsektoru stoarske proizvodnje uz tendenciju kontinuiranog rasta
broja stonih grla s ciljem da se poveaju proizvodni rezultati takoer su obiljeja S1 scenarija,
to e rezultirati i rastuim trendom prosjene godinje emisije samo iz ovog podsektora za
oko 150 MgCO2eq. Ako se uzmu u obzir i emisije iz tla zbog intenziviranja upotrebe mineralnih
ubriva
mogue
je procijeniti
da u sektoru
poljoprivredne
generalni trend
rasta
e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
the range
of barriers proizvodnje
that peoplepostoji
with disabilities
and others
staklenikih
plinova po prosjenoj
iznositooko
0,25 GgCO
eq/god.
Prema
prezentiranim
such
as older populations
experiencestopi
whenkoja
seeking
participate
on 2equal
terms
in the
Information
pokazateljima ukupne emisije staklenikih plinova u sektoru poljoprivredne proizvodnje e prema
Society.
S1 scenariju porasti na gotovo dvostruku vrijednost u 2025. god. (oko 180 % od vrijednosti emisije
u baznoj godini). Takoer treba spomenuti da su prezentirane emisijske vrijednosti minimalne,
e-Accessibility
potentially
any type ofprema
ICT used
by citizens, and
involves everything
posebno
uzimajui u can
obzir
injenicurefer
da sutorealizirane
preraunatim
vrijednostima
za 1990.
god.
a
sasvim
je
sigurno
da
su
one
danas
vie
s
obzirom
da
je
poljoprivreda
jedno
od
stratekih
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
opredjeljenja
njenomofukupnom
privrednom
television.
Up toBiH
15 upercent
the population
acrossrazvoju.
the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or motorpozitivnih
impairment,
and SEE
countries
can expect
have a
S2 scenarij
baziran
je na primjeni
iskustava
i dobre
proizvodne
prakse to
u oblasti
similar
or higherproizvodnje
proportion.kojima se odlikuju privredno i poljoprivredno razvijene evropske zemlje.
poljoprivredne
To se prije svega odnosi na primjeni savremenih tehnologija u svrhu unapreenja poljoprivredne
proizvodnje
u svim
podsektorima.
U international
podsektoru agreements,
uzgoja i proizvodnje
poljoprivrednih
kultura
A perhaps
surprising
number of
regulations
and guidelines
cover
predviena je upotreba adekvatnih tipova mineralnih ubriva koja imaju visoku stimulativnu
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
proizvodnu vrijednost i sa niskim emisijskim faktorima, ime bi se u velikoj mjeri utjecalo na
the
relevant emisija
legal context.
Noazotnih
singleoksida.
EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
actions
are
smanjenje
posebno
U podsektoru
stoarske
proizvodnje jebut
posebno
vano
spread
across produktivnosti
areas such as Television
Without
Frontiers (for mjera
subtitling),
the Copyright
Directivei
unapreenje
stonih grla
sa preduzimanjem
na adekvatnom
odlaganju
primjeni
talskog
ubriva.and
Nathe
ovaj
nain bi Framework
se do odreenog
nivoa utjecalo
na smanjenje
emisija
(for
copyright
exemptions),
Telecoms
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
metana
i
drugih
prateih
staklenikih
plinova.
Rezultati
provedenih
analiza
upuuju
na
zakljuak
da
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
e ukupne godinje emisije staklenikih plinova prema ovom scenariju imati neznatna smanjenja,
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
koja e u 2025. god. u odnosu na baznu iznositi svega oko 5% (Grafikon 28). Na osnovu toga moe
da se izvede generalni zakljuak da primijenjene mjere u poljoprivrednom sektoru moraju da budu
at leasti efikasnosti,
a five-fold justification
for early
action inefekti.
the area of e-Accessibility:
znatnoThere
ireg is
spektra
kako bi se dobili
konkretniji

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

je, kaoini kod


veine
ostalih
sektora,
baziran
oekivanjima
da who
e BiH
2025.
1.S3It scenarij
is worthwhile
its own
right
to improve
access
to na
services
to people
aredo
already
godine postati lanica Evropske unije. Shodno tome realno je oekivati prihvatanje i primjenu svih
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
direktiva i drugih obaveza koje su povezane s poljoprivrednom djelatnou. Takve aktivnosti zasigurno
increaseprimjenu
the disadvantages
certain populations
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort in this
bi ukljuivale
evropskih standarda
u svim podsektorima
poljoprivredne
proizvodnje.
U
area is
likelyi to
further marginalize
thesekultura
groups.uzgajale bi se najadaptivnije i istovremeno
podsektoru
uzgoja
proizvodnje
poljoprivrednih
najproduktivnije vrste, posebno na nivou organske poljoprivrede, ime bi se nivo njihovih prinosa
2. Improving
to vjetakih
services, public
and private,
to mineralnih
such a significant
of the
viestruko
poveao. access
Primjena
stimulansa,
posebno
ubriva,proportion
bio bi ogranien
population
opens significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and can help
public services
fulfil
na ekoloki
najprihvatljivije
tipove, to
bi rezultiralo
znaajno smanjenim
emisijama
staklenikih
plinova.their
Posebno
remit znaajan
in a cost aspekt
effectiveublaavanja
manner. emisija bit e u oblasti primjene novih i energetski
visokouinkovitih tehnologija, kako na nivou poljoprivredne mehanizacije tako i kod svih drugih
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

142

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can reduce
the costproizvodnom
of web service
development,
enhance
the
segmenata
primijenjene
tehnologije
u cjelokupnom
procesu.
Oekivaniand
rezultati
bit e
posebnoprospects
uoljivi kroz
viestruko
smanjenje
koliine
upotrijebljenih
fosilnih
goriva
kao
i
njihove
znatno
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
unapreenije kvaliteta. U podsektoru stoarske proizvodnje se oekuje unapreenje rezultata kroz
4. The earlier action
is taken,
the easier
to integrate
into
development
uzgoj visokoproduktivnih
stonih
grla, ime
e se itsaisnjihovim
istime-Accessibility
ukupnim brojem
nivo
proizvodnjeof
viestruko
uveati. and
Takoer
je vano
da se istakne da e proizvodnja stone hrane takoer biti
e-Services
to lower
the cost.
unaprijeena, to e rezultirati ublaavanjem crijevne fermentacije kod preivara. Kod odlaganja
Pursuing
approaches
that
followrezervoari
EU guidelines
and recommendations
assist
in the
talskog5.ubriva
bit e
primijenjeni
betonski
zatvorenog
tipa koji proizvodewill
manje
koliine
aspects
of thenain
development
the Information
Societyupotrebu
in the EU
of different
metana. convergence
Takoer je za realno
oekivati
da e takav
odlaganja of
talskog
ubriva omoguiti
metana za
proizvodnju
toplotne
energije
koja
e
se
na
proizvodnim
farmama
koristiti
za
razliite
svrhe.
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


Grafikon 28. Ukupne emisije CO2eq iz sektora poljoprivrede u BiH,
that is being implemented
in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
za period 2010-2025, prema S1, S2 i S3 scenariju
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPsJedna
Democratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust
Fundscenartiju
to supportjeste
the South
Easterndegradiranog
Europe region
od oekivanih
aktivnosti
prema
ovom
i prevoenje
poljoprivrednog
zemljita
u oranine
povrine ime
bi sePriority
uveaoArea
sadanji
kapacitet.
in
the implementation
of the
Inclusive Information
Society
of theponorski
e-SEE Agenda+,
the
Prezentirani
podaci
upuuju
na
zakljuak
da
su
potencijali
za
ublaavanje
utjecaja
klimatskih
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
promjena u sektoru poljoprivrede u BiH, uz striktnu primjenu najsuvremenijih dostignua u svim
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
segmentima proizvodnje, jako veliki. Meutim, za dobijanje egzaktnijih scenarijskih pokazatelja
neophodni su precizni podaci koji mogu da se dobiju jedino zvaninim popisom, kojeg u postratnom
project
is being
implemented
by procjene
the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
Initiative
perioduThe
u BiH
jo uvijek
nema,
zbog ega su
jedini oslonac
za dobijanjee-SEE
prezentiranih
Secretariat,
capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
izlaznih rezultata.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.i funkcionalno koritenje sadanjih oraninih povrina i livada radi ouvanja
- Odrivo
njihovih sekvestracijskih potencijala.

4.6.3. Mjere za smanjenje emisija staklenikih plinova u


sektoru poljoprivrede

143

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

- Obnavljanje obraenih tresetita i degradiranog poljoprivrednog zemljita.


- Unapreenje tehnika za odlaganje, pripremu i upotrebu talskog ubriva u svrhu
stabilizacije i smanjenja emisije metana.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

- Uvoenje novih praksi gajenja i ishrane stoke na nivou promjene ishrane, selekcije i
reprodukcije preivara u svrhu stabilizacije i smanjenja emisije metana.

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
- Smanjenje primjene nitratnih ubriva i unapreenje tehnika primjene drugih tipova
requirementsmineralnih
it sets in allubriva
aspectsu of
e-Accessibility
how it is emisije
to be implemented.
is followed
svrhu
stabilizacijeand
i smanjenja
N2O i drugih This
azotnih
oksida.
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
poljoprivrednih
kultura za proizvodnju biogoriva u svrhu smanjenja
disability - Intenzivni
in general anduzgoj
e-Accessibility
in particular.
upotrijebljenih koliina fosilnih goriva
energetske efikasnosti na svim nivoima u oblasti poljoprivredne proizvodnje.
1.1. - Unaprjeenje
Why e-Accessibility?
- Primjena
i drugih
staklenikih
plinova za
proizvodnju
energije.
e-Accessibility
is aboutmetana
overcoming
the
range of barriers
that
people with
disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

4.7. Otpad

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing,
speech,
cognitive, statistikim
or motor impairment,
SEEpodacima
countriesAgencije
can expect
to have a
U skladu
s prikupljenim
podacima iand
prema
za statistiku
BiH, procijenjena
koliina proizvedenog komunalnog otpada za 2010. godinu iznosila je 1.521.877
similar
or higher proportion.
tona. Iz toga proizlazi da prosjena godinja produkcija komunalnog otpada po jednom stalnom
stanovniku BiH iznosi oko 389 kg ili 1.08 kg po stanovniku na dan. Procenat stanovnika koji su
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
ukljueni u odvoz komunalnog otpada na nivou BiH iznosi prosjeno oko 68%. Ostatak stanovnitva
this
level, the
UNCRPD,
ratified
coming
into force
in 2008, is
od area.
32%, At
kojithe
nehighest
koriste international
komunalne usluge,
najveim
dijelom
suand
locirani
u ruralnim
podrujima.
the
context. No
single
EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
actions
are
U relevant
strukturilegal
prikupljenog
otpada
najvei
udio ima
mijeani komunalni
otpad sabut92,4%,
zatim
odvojeno
prikupljeni
komunalni
otpad
sa
6%,
otpad
iz
vrtova
i
parkova
1,1%
i
ambalani
otpad
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
sacopyright
0,5%. Naexemptions),
odlagalita otpada
2010. godini
odloeno
je 1.516.423
tona otpada.
Prikupljeni
(for
and the uTelecoms
Framework
(for assistive
technologies).
e-Accessibility
podaci o tokovima otpada dopremljenog na odlagalita indiciraju na trajno odlaganje komunalnog
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
otpada na odlagalita. Prema trenutno dostupnim podacima, u BiH postoji preko 600 evidentiranih
Furthermore,
moves are
afootMeutim,
to strengthen
these
and toda
enact
more
ilegalnih odlagalita
otpada.
procjene
ukazuju
je ovaj
brojlegislation.
u znaajnoj mjeri uvean jer
veliki broj ovakvih odlagalita nije zvanino evidentiran. S obzirom da su formirane na topografski
neadekvatnim
i nezatienim
lokacijama,
divlje
deponije
otpada
ozbiljnu prijetnju
There is at
least a five-fold
justification
for early
action
in thepredstavljaju
area of e-Accessibility:
za okolinu i javno zdravlje u BiH i iroj regiji. Posebno vano je to jo uvijek nema postrojenja
za tretman medicinskog i drugog opasnog otpada, dok su rezultati reciklae industrijskog
1. It is worthwhile
its own
right to improve
access
to services to
people who
are alreadyi
i komunalnog
otpada i in
dalje
ogranieni.
Zbog toga
su poboljanje
tretmana
industrijskog
marginalized.
helps fulfil the
promise of
the Information
than
medicinskog
otpada, Itzbrinjavanje
komunalnog
otpada
i reciklaa Society
izazovi to
za reduce
koje serather
tek naziru
15
znaci napretka.
Konkretnije,
u posljednjih
nekoliko godina
zapoete suinsufficient
aktivnosti effort
na izgradnji
increase the
disadvantages
certain populations
face. Conversely,
in this
regionalnih
sanitarnih
deponija,
zatvoreno
je
oko
10-15
posto
registriranih
divljih
deponija,
a ine
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
se i napori da se ukloni akumulirani opasni/hemijski otpad. Takoer su doneseni okvirni zakoni kao
2. Improvingprovedbenih
access to services,
publiczaand
private, to
such a iako
significant
of the
i dio podzakonskih
akata vezani
upravljanje
otpadom,
je nivo proportion
njhove praktine
realizacije
jo uvijek
veoma
nizak. market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
population
opens
significant
their remit in a cost effective manner.

4.7.1. Pregled postojeeg stanja u sektoru otpada

3. Improving
e-Accessibility
for the
marginalized
15 Federalni
plan upravljanja
otpadom za period
2012-2017.
2

144

could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodiedse
people;
it can reduce
themogue
cost of je
web
development,
and enhance
the
Oslanjajui
na iznesene
podatke
daservice
se preraunaju
promjene
u koliini
otpada uprospects
analiziranom
periodu,
2010-2025.
Polazna
osnova
za
navedeni
proraun
jeste
linearna
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
prosjena petogodinja stopa porasta ukupnog otpada koja je procijenjena na 3% to je izvedeno
4. The
earlier
is taken,
the easierkoliine
it is to integrate
e-Accessibility
intotokom
development
na osnovu
stope
rastaaction
populacije
i proizvedene
otpada po
glavi stanovnika
periodaof
1999-2009.
Takoerand
je uzeto
da jethe
u strukturi
vrstog otpada oko 50% biorazgradivi otpad, kao i da
e-Services
to lower
cost.
se u navedenom periodu nee bitnije mijenjati efikasnost u organizaciji prikupljanja i odlaganja
5. Pursuing
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
otpada. Rezultati
analize
su predstavljeni
u narednoj
tabeli.and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.
Produkcija i struktura
komunalnog otpada
(po entitetima i
BiH, u tonama)

Godinja
koliina
2010. god.

1.2. About this report


Ukupna
koliina
proizvedenog
The
specific
goals
of this report are:
392.891,00
komunalnog otpada u RS

Procijenjena
godinja
koliina
2015. god.

Procijenjena
godinja
koliina
2020. god.

Procijenjena
godinja
koliina
2025. god.

404.677,73

416.818,06

429.322,60

Procijenjena koliina
1. to outline the international
context regarding
including214.661,30
existing legal
196.445,50
202.338,87e-Accessibility
208.409,03
biorazgradivog otpada

instruments and strategic level documents;

Ukupna koliina proizvedenog


1.128.986,00
1.219.577,68
1.256.165,01
1.293.849,96
komunalnog
otpada u aFBiH
2. to develop
comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people

with disabilities;
Procijenjena
koliina
biorazgradivog otpada

561.766,00

514.852,71

530.298,29

546.207,24

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


Ukupna4.koliina
to identify good practices in the region;
proizvedenog komunalnog
1.521.877,00
1.624.255,41
1.672.983,07
1.723.172,56
to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
otpada 5.
u BiH
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Procijenjena koliina
758.211,50
672.833,08
693.018,07
713.808,61
comply
biorazgradivog
otpada with requirements for the UN and EU.

Tabela 45. Promjene u godinjim koliinama proizvedenog ukupnog i biorazgradivog komunalnog otpada,
This
report
is part
of a larger
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groupsotpadom)
in e-Governance,
na nivou
entiteta
i drave
(prema
metodologiji
iz Strategije
upravljanja vrstim

that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
Na Country
osnovu Office
prezentiranih
podataka
moe da supported
se zakljuibydaDG/BDP
postoji NY,
trend
kontinuiranog
the UNDP
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
and
funded by the
rasta sve tri analizirane kategorije, to rezultira ukupnim prosjenim porastom na kraju perioda
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
od oko 9%.
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

4.7.2. Scenariji ublaavanja klimatskih promjena u


otpada
u BiH
The sektoru
project is being
implemented
by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative

Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering


Emisije staklenikih plinova vezanih za sektor otpada uglavnom su povezane s emisijama
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
metana (CH4) i djelomino CO2,CO i drugih plinova u tragovima, koji se oslobaaju prilikom
Inclusion/Democratic
Governanceuvjetima.
Sector. The
UNDP
Country Office
in Sarajevo
is working
closely
razgradnje otpada u anaerobnim
Podaci
o emisijama
metana
iz sanitarnih
deponija
u
with
the
fellow
UNDP
Country
Offices
in
the
region,
while
the
Office
of
Senior
ICT
Advisor
at
the
BDP
BiH egzaktno mogu da se preraunaju na osnovu rezultata upravljanja regionalnom deponijom
"Moanica
Prema
podacima
sa ove deponije
prosjena
godinja proizvodnja deponijskog
in
New York isZenica.
providing
expertise
and playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
members of
3
dok
mu
toplotna
vrijednost
u
plina
iz
1
t
neto
odloenog
komunalnog
otpada
iznosi
oko
6
m
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Pointsiznosi
for their
3
prosjeku 5 kWh/m . Shodno ovim i podacima o koliinama neto odloenog biorazgradivog otpada na
respective countries.
deponijama, uz uvaavanje pribline strukture deponijskog plina (55% - CH4 i 44% - CO2), mogue je
da se odredi konkretna prosjena godinja produkcija deponijskih plinova u BiH. Meutim, shodno
145

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

primijenjenoj metodologiji u izraunu emisija staklenikih plinova podaci za 2001. god. za ovaj
sektor (koji su preuzeti iz GHG sektora SNC -a za BiH) posluili su kao osnov za proraun emisije
za 2010. god. Konkretnije, na osnovu prosjene meugodinje stope rasta od oko 3% izraunata
emisija za 2010. god. iznosi oko 1191,1 GgCO2eq.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

S1 scenarij se u sutini bazira na nepromijenjenoj postojeoj praksi u produkciji i cjelokupnoj


organizaciji prikupljanja i odlaganja otpada u dugoronom periodu u BiH. Postojea praksa je da se
vei dio otpada odlae na opinskim (uglavnom neureenim) deponijama, dok se drugi dio odlae na
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
regionalnim deponijama u Sarajevu, Zenici, Banjoj Luci i Bijeljini, koje jo uvijek nisu u potpunosti
requirements
it sets in
all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and
how veliki
it is tobroj
be implemented.
followed
sanitarne deponije.
Poseban
problem
predstavlja jo
uvijek
divljih deponijaThis
(okois600),
koje
bysua takoer
description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
znaajan izvor emisija staklenikih plinova. Upravljanje otpadom uglavnom se svodi na
to da ih prikupljaju
opinska
komunalna
disability
in general and
e-Accessibility
inpreduzea,
particular.koje ga odvoze i odlau na opinska odlagalita
ili regionalne deponije. S obzirom da se otpad prikuplja i odlae na tradicionalan nain, dolazi se do
zakljuka da trenutno nema bilo kakvog znaajnog pomaka u tretmanu biorazgradivog otpada i/ili
tretmana bioplina koji nastaje njegovom razgradnjom (Grafikon 29). Shodno istaknutim podacima
emisije staklenikih plinova u BiH e, uz minimalnu redukciju, nastaviti da rastu u skladu s rastom
koliina deponovanog
biorazgradivog
Emisioni
scenarij
razvijen u and
odnosu
na
e-Accessibility
is about odnosno
overcoming
the range ofotpada.
barriers
that people
withjedisabilities
others
pokazatelje
o vremenskokvantitativnom
razvoju to
i formiranju
deponijskih
plinova
izvjetaju o
such
as older populations
experience
when seeking
participate on
equal terms
in thei Information
emisijama iz 2001. god. Iz tog razloga poveanja godinjih stopa imaju kontinuirani rast tako da u
Society.
2025. god. vrijednosti ukupnih emisija rastu na oko 1.339,8 GgCO2eq.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility
can potentially
refer to any
type of ICT used
by icitizens,
andkoji
involves
everything
S2 scenarij bazira
se na realizaciji
postavljenih
ciljeva
zadataka
su definirani
u
Strategiji
upravljanja
vrstim
otpadom
BiH,
iz
2000.
godine.
Napredni
scenarij
predvia
smanjenje
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
generiranog
biorazgradivog
koje e across
se postii
naina
odvoza
otpada
television.
Up to
15 percent of otpada,
the population
the promjenom
European Union
hasnaplate
a disability,
such
as a
koji treba sa prakse naplate po domainstvu, lanu porodice ili kvadratnom metru stambenog i
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor
impairment,
and SEEproizvedenog/odvezenog
countries can expect tootpada.
have a
poslovnog
prostora,
da pree
na sistem
naplate
prema zapremini
similar
or highersmanjit
proportion.
Ove promjene
e trokove odvoza otpada, dodatne emisije uslijed transporta, trokove
deponovanja otpada i produiti radni vijek trajanja deponija. Prema ovom scenariju takoer
je predvien
nastavak
izgradnje
nekoliko
novih od agreements,
ukupno 16 planiranih
regionalnih
sanitarnih
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
regulations
and guidelines
cover
deponija, s ugraenim sistemima za prikupljanje i spaljivanje bioplina. S pretpostavkom da je 50%
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
otpada biorazgradivi otpad i uz lineranu prosjenu petogodinju stopu proizvodnje otpada od oko
the
context.
No single
EU directive
is dedicated
tonjegovo
e-Accessibility,
are
3%relevant
realno jelegal
planirati
izgradnju
postrojenja
za spaljivanje
plina ili
koritenjebut
za actions
proizvodnju
spread
across
areas such to
as Television
Without
Frontiers
(for subtitling),
theemisija
Copyright
Directive
energije
na deponijama,
e rezultirati
viestrukim
efektom
smanjivanja
staklenikih
plinova.
Prema
ovom scenariju
nijeTelecoms
realno oekivati
da e(for
do 2015.god.
doi do potpunog
provoenja
(for
copyright
exemptions),
and the
Framework
assistive technologies).
e-Accessibility
novog
naina
upravljanja
otpadom,
odnosno
osjetniji
efekti
primjene
ovih
mjera
s
aspekta
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmaticsmanjenja
support.
emisija nastupit e nakon 2020. god. (Grafikon 29).
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Prema iznesenim numerikim pokazateljima prema naprednom scenariju ukupno direktno
Thereemisija
is at least
a five-fold
justification
for early
action
in the
area
e-Accessibility:
smanjenje
staklenikih
plinova
na zavretku
perioda
iznosi
oko
8%.ofSvakako
da je navedena
vrijednost jo izraenija ako se uzmu indirektni benefiti kao to je na primjer proizvodnja energije
koja se1.bazira
na spaljivanju
deponijskog
plina,
koja zamjenjuje
energetski
ekvivalent
It is worthwhile
in its
own right to
improve
access to services
to people
whokoritenjem
are already
fosilnih goriva. Meutim, neophodno je istaknuti da ograniena financijska i drugih sredstava realno
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
predstavljaju ozbiljnu prepreku za realiziranje bilo koje navedene opcije u upravljanju otpadom, to
increase
the disadvantages
populations
face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
e definitivno
utjecati
na efikasnostcertain
njihovog
implementiranja.
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
S3 scenarij se zasniva na primjeni postojeih tehnikih dostignua i legislative koja se
2. Improving
access
to services,
private,
to suchda
a significant
proportion
of the
primjenjuje
u zemljama
Evropske
unije.public
To je and
rezultat
nastojanja
BiH u analiziranom
periodu
population
opens
market/sales
opportunities,
and can koje
help public
servicesu fulfil
postane
lanica EU
to significant
znai da e
trebati intenzivirati
sve aktivnosti
su planirane
ovoj
oblasti.their
Osnova
zainovaj
scenarij
je izgradnja
remit
a cost
effective
manner.svih 16 planiranih sanitarnih regionalnih deponija do
kraja 2025.god. U skladu s tim bit e znaajno unaprijeen inicijalni sistem za selektivno odlaganje
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

146

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
it can
reducekoritenja
the cost of
service
development,
and enhance
the
i prikupljanje
otpadapeople;
i njegovog
daljnjeg
za web
potrebe
reciklae
ili proizvodnje
energije.
Pretpostavlja
se
da
e
stopa
reciklae
(odnosno
kompostiranja
biorazgradivog
otpada)
do
kraja
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
2020. god. iznositi oko 10% ukupno proizvedenog biorazgradivog komunalnog otpad,a odnosno
Thekraja
earlier
action
taken,
the easier it isotpada,
to integrate
into spalio
development
oko 20%4.do
2025.
god.is Dio
biorazgradivog
premae-Accessibility
ovom scenariju,
bi se uof
spalionicama
otpada
uz to
proizvodnju
iskoritenje energije u kogenerativnim postrojenjima. Prema
e-Services
and
lower the icost.
Strategiji upravljanja vrstim otpadom i INC-u za BiH realno je oekivati da e 20% vrstog otpada
5. Pursuing
that
follow
EU guidelines
and
recommendations
willisti
assist
in the
biti spaljeno
do 2020.approaches
god., odnosno
25%
do 2025.
god. Prema
ovim
podacima priblino
procenti
aspects
of the development
the Information
Society
in moe
the EU
convergence
different
biorazgradivog
otpadaofbit
e spaljen
i u spalionicama
otpada.ofEnergetski
sadraj
otpada
da budeand
efikasnije
iskoriten
kroz
termalne
procese
nego
kroz
produkciju
bioplina,
jer
se
tokom
SEE countries.
paljenja energija direktno dobija iz biomase (produkata papira, drveta, prirodnog tekstila, hrane) i
izvora fosilnog karbona (plastika, sintetiki tekstili). Ostatak biorazgradivog otpada,16 prema ovom
scenariju, odlagat e se na regionalne deponije na kojima e biti izgraeni sistemi za spaljivanje
metana na baklji i/ili postrojenja za proizvodnju elektrine energije.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country
Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Grafikon 29. Prosjene godinje emisije CO2 eq iz sektora otpada u BiH,
UNDPs Democratic Governance
Thematic
Trust
Fund
the South Eastern Europe region
za period
2010-2025,
prema
S1,to
S2support
i S3 scenariju
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
injenice,
oekivani
iznos smanjena
emisija staklenikih
plinova
regionalUvaavajui
action plansve
foristaknute
Information
Society
development,
and the UNCRPD.
The programmatic
u sektoru otpada na kraju perioda iznosit e oko 20% od poetne emisije za baznu godinu.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
koliinaOffices
biorazgradivog
vrstog
komunalnog
with the- Smanjenje
fellow UNDP Country
in the region,
while
the Officeotpada;
of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
- Poveanje koliina razvrstanog i recikliranog otpada u ukupnoj masi otpada;
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries. novih regionalnih sanitarnih deponija uz smanjenje broja divljih deponija;
- Izgradnja

4.7.3. Mjere smanjenja emisije staklenikih plinova u


sektoru otpada

16 Predvien je isti nivo efikasnosti prikupljanja otpada.


147

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

- Spaljivanje deponijskog plina i proizvodnja energije;


- Kosagorijevanje selektiranog komunalnog otpada u svrhu proizvodnje energije;

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

- Uklanjanje i ienje nelegalnih deponija otpada i rehabilitacija degradiranih podruja;


-

Poveanje broja stanovnika pokrivenih slubom sakupljanja vrstog komunalnog otpada;

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
- Uvoenje privatnih kompanija u prikupljanju i odlaganja otpada;
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description
of the produkcije
major instruments
actions at
the European Union level relating to
- Smanjenje
svih oblikaand
komunalnog
otpada;
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
- Unaprjeenje postojee legislative u oblasti upravljanja otpadom na nivou entiteta i BiH.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


4.8. Ukupan
potencijal
smanjenja
emisija
e-Accessibility
is about overcoming
the range of barriers
that people with
disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society. staklenikih plinova
Analogno istaknutim pokazateljima o sektorskim emisijama mogu da se donesu egzaktni
e-Accessibility
potentially
refer to any
type ofkoje
ICT used
by citizens,
and involves
everything
zakljuci o ukupnim can
emisijama
iz navedenih
sektora
za baznu
2010. god.
iznose oko
21.249
GgCO
eq
(Grafikon
30).
U
navedenu
vrijednost
nisu
inkorporirani
ponorski
kapaciteti
koje
ostvaruje
from
websites
for
e-government
services,
to
telephony
support
for
blind
people
to
subtitling
on
2
sektor
umarstva
koji
iznose
oko
7.327,5
GgCO
eq.
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across
the European Union has a disability, such as a
2
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Grafikon
30. Ukupne
godinje
emisije
eq iz sektora
daljinskog
saobraaja,
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil
the CO
promise
of the energetike,
Information
Societygrijanja,
to reduce
rather than
2
poljoprivrede
i
otpada
u
BiH,
za
period
2010-2025,
prema
S1,
S2
i
S3
scenariju
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
Na grafikonu 30. su takoer prezentirani emisijski scenariji kojima je za BiH modelirana
kvantitativno-vremenska
dinamika
staklenikih
plinova
za to
period
osnovu izgleda
2. Improving access
to services,
public and
private,
such 2010-2025.
a significantNa
proportion
of the
grafikona
jasno
je
uoljivo
da
su
scenariji
S1
i
S2
s
izrazitim
trendovima
kontinuiranog
porasta
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
emisija koje na kraju analiziranog perioda iznose 31.956 odnosno 31.077 GgCO2eq. S3 scenarij ima
their
remit in a cost
effective
manner.
obiljeja
ublaavajueg
scenarija
koji
za rezultat ima smanjenje ukupnih emisija od oko 16.055
na kraju perioda.
GgCO2eq
3. Improving
e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

148

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

5. Ostale relevantne
aktivnostI

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.2.UAbout
this report
ovom poglavlju je dat pregled aktivnosti koje su ostvarene s ciljem da se ispune zadaci

i ciljevi - potrebe u odnosu na Prvi nacionalni izvjetaj. Analizirano je stanje napretka i potreba
The
specific goals
of this report
are:za ublaavanje i prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama, te
za tehnolokim
transferom
u BiH
stanje u oblasti istraivanja, praenja i prognoziranja klime i sistematskih osmatranja i opisuje
se unapreenje
oblasti
i hidrolokog
sistema.
Takoer se including
razmatraju
nedostaci,
1. to outline
themeteorolokog
international context
regarding
e-Accessibility
existing
legal
potrebe i prioriteti u oblasti obrazovanja i jaanju svijesti javnosti, ukljuujui predloene aktivnosti
instruments and strategic level documents;
za provoenje u lanu 6. Konvencije o obrazovanju, obuci i jaanju svijesti javnosti.
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;

5.1. Procjena tehnolokih potreba za


3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4.ublaavanje
to identify good practices iin prilagoavanje
the region;

5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

5.1.1. Pristup Okvirnoj konvenciji UN-a o klimatskim


promjenama (UNFCCC)

5.1.1.1. Mehanizam
istog
razvoja
This report is part of a larger
project,
Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that is being
in the
of the2011.
e-SEEgodine
Initiative.
It is a regional
project
Bosnaimplemented
i Hercegovina
je ucontext
septembru
formirala
Ovlateno
tijelodesigned
(DNA) zaby
the
UNDP Country
Office Mehanizma
in Bosnia and
Herzegovina,
supported
DG/BDPOkvirne
NY, and
funded byUN
the
implementaciju
projekata
istog
razvoja u okviru
Kjotoby
protokola
konvencije
o promjeni
klime, i doGovernance
danas je ovoThematic
tijelo odobrilo
projekta
procijenjenim
smanjenjem
UNDPs
Democratic
Trust etiri
Fund CDM
to support
thesSouth
Eastern Europe
region
emisija
plinova koji izazivaju
efekt staklene
baeSociety
(GHG) Priority
u iznosu
od of
oko
miliona
tona COthe
in
the implementation
of the Inclusive
Information
Area
the3e-SEE
Agenda+,
2
ekvivalenta i vrijednosti stranih ulaganja u Bosnu i Hercegovinu u iznosu od oko 300 miliona eura.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Naravno, mehanizmi Konvencije nisu jedini nain transfera tehnologije, oni su samo inicijalni.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Potrebno je da zemlja preduzme praktine korake ka postepenom usvajanju ciljeva za
The project is being
implemented
thebiSarajevo-based
e-SEE
Initiative
smanjenje/ogranienje
staklenikih
plinova by
kako
mogla preuzeti UNDP-funded
acquis, posebno
program
EU
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
networks
and
Empowering
za trgovinu emisijama,
te kako
bi se existing
pridruilaknowledge,
naporima koje
EU ulae
na resources.
sniavanju emisija.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
5.1.1.2.
na klimatske
promjene
with
the fellowStrategija
UNDP Countryprilagoavanja
Offices in the region, while
the Office of Senior
ICT Advisori at the BDP
in New York isniskoemisionog
providing expertise andrazvoja
playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Na countries.
osnovu klimatskih i scenarija za ublaavanje klimatskih promjena razvijenih tokom
respective
izrade SNC-a, pristupilo se izradi Strategije prilagoavanja na klimatske promjene i niskokarbonskog razvoja koja ima dva glavna cilja: 1) poveanje otpornosti na klimatske promjene i
149

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

dostizanje vrha i 2) prestanak rasta godinjih vrijednosti emisija staklenikih plinova 2025. godine.
Strategija jasno definie rezultate i aktivnosti, kao i sredstava neophodna za njihovo provoenje, a
sve u svrhu dostizanja odrivog razvoja.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

5.1.2. Procjena tehnolokih potreba za ublaavanje i


This section prilagoavanje
presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections,

the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Bosna i Hercegovina se ubraja u red evropskih zemalja koje su pod znaajnom prijetnjom od
byklimatskih
a description
of thekoje
major
instruments
andza
actions
at the
European
Unioni koje
levelsu
relating
to
promjena,
imaju
malo resursa
rjeavanje
prateih
problema
relativno
disability
in general
andmeunarodne
e-Accessibility
in particular.
nerazvijene
u smislu
suradnje
u ovoj oblasti. Uzimajui u obzir da drave koje nisu
lanice Aneksa I trpe najvee posljedice klimatskih promjena, vrlo je vano da one analiziraju
scenarije razvoja i u skladu s tim definiraju politike odrivog razvoja, koje e sadravati mjere
prilagoavanja i ublaavanja. Analizom karakteristika SRES scenarija razvoja koje su uraene za
potrebe izrade ovog dokumenta, vidljivo je da svaki scenarij prua odreene razvojne mogunosti. Te
e-Accessibility
is strategija
about overcoming
the range
of barriers
that people
with
disabilitiestihand
others
anse zavise od
razvoja pojedinih
drava
i uklapanja,
odnosno
neuklapanja
strategija
u globalne
razvoja.
such
as olderscenarije
populations
experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

5.1.3.
Stanjecanprenosa
tehnologija
BiH
e-Accessibility
potentially refer
to any type of ICTu
used
by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Bosna i Hercegovina je, kao zemlja u razdoblju tranzicije i obnove, uglavnom zavrila proces
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
vlasnike transformacije, kao i proces organizacijskog restrukturiranja kao rezultat postojanja
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor impairment,
anddolo
SEE do
countries
can expect
to have
vlasnika
poduzea.
Samo
je u ogranienom
broju sluajeva
tehnolokog
transfera:
to sua
similar
or higher
proportion.
bila velika
poduzea
iji su veinski vlasnici postale velike multinacionalne kompanije. Ovo je bilo
propraeno i mjerama iji je cilj bio smanjenje utjecaja na ivotnu sredinu. Vrlo malo je uraeno u
poveanju
energetske
efikasnosti
i uof
koritenju
obnovljive
energije.regulations
Preduzeima
BiH je potrebna
A perhaps
surprising
number
international
agreements,
anduguidelines
cover
tehnoloka tranzicija. Provoenje mjera smanjenja emisija plinova staklene bae je zaista prava
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
prilika i ansa da se, uz meunarodnu strunu i financijsku pomo, pokrene tehnoloka tranzicija.
the
relevantproblem
legal context.
No single EUbarijerama:
directive isod
dedicated
e-Accessibility,
butneadekvatne
actions are
Meutim,
je u mnogobrojnim
neznanjatoi nepovjerenja
pa do
spread
areasStoga
such as
Without
Frontiers (fornajboljih
subtitling),
the Copyright
Directive
pravneacross
regulative.
je Television
pogodno izvriti
demonstraciju
raspoloivih
tehnika
(BAT)
i
tehnologija
u
BiH,
sa
svim
njihovim
aspektima:
tehnikim,
ekonomskim,
ekolokim,
trinim,
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
i socijalnim.
Veoma
vano nakon
implementacije
uvoenja
neke tehnologije
ispravnim
also covered
by policy,
andjeguidelines
andpoetka
benchmarking
exist for
programmatic
support.
ustanoviti praenje, kako bi se pratili rezultati i uklanjale sve potekoe kod novih projekata.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Prema INC za BiH je predvien niz mjera - tehnolokih potreba u razliitim sektorima koji
vode smanjenju
klimatskih
promjenafor
u Bosni
i Hercegovini.
Oveofmjere
su predstavljene
There is atutjecaja
least a five-fold
justification
early action
in the area
e-Accessibility:
u prvom izvjetaju, ali je u izvjetajnom razdoblju vrlo malo uraeno u implementaciji ovih mjera.
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Bosna i Hercegovina nema posebno izgraenu infrastrukturu za identifikaciju potreba,
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil the promise
of the Information
Society
to podsticaja.
reduce rather
than
sakupljanje
informacija
o raspoloivim
tehnologijama,
niti poseban
sistem
Za uvoz
increase
the
certain
populations
face.
Conversely,
insufficient
in this
tehnologija
u BiH
nedisadvantages
postoje posebne
povlastice,
a jedino
se moe
iskoristiti
zakonskaeffort
mogunost
da su strana
u formi marginalize
osnivakog uloga
carine i poreza na dodanu vrijednost,
area isulaganja
likely to further
theseosloboena
groups.
tj. tehnologija (znanje i oprema) su osloboeni carina i poreza ukoliko se knjie kao osnivaki ulog
Improving 17access
to services,
public and private,
to such
a significant
of the
stranog2.investitora.
Ogranienja
zbog nedostatka
podsticaja
bi trebala
biti uzetaproportion
u obzir kada
se
population
opens
significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
rade modeli
transfera
tehnologije.
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving
the
marginalized
17 Informacija
dobijena ue-Accessibility
FIPA-i 9. februarafor
2009.
godine
2

150

could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people; izvora
it canenergije
reduce the
cost of web
service
development,
anddovest
enhance
the
Upotreba
obnovljivih
i provoenje
mjera
energetske
efikasnosti
e do
smanjenja
energetske
zavisnosti
drave
i
poboljanja
kvaliteta
ivotne
sredine,
ali
i
do
poveanja
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
konkurentnosti privrede BiH. Uz dobro osmiljen program te mjere e rezultirati razvojem privrede
4. The
action dugogodinja
is taken, the easier
it isproizvodnje
to integrateopreme
e-Accessibility
into development
uz naglasak
daearlier
u BiH postoji
tradicija
za termotehnike
sisteme.of
U posljednjih
nekoliko
vie
poduzea
u BiH usmjerava svoje aktivnosti na polje proizvodnje
e-Services
andgodina
to lower
the
cost.
opreme i sistema za koritenje obnovljivih izvora energije.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
aspects of the
development
of the Information
in the EU
of different
Uconvergence
okviru podsticajnih
mehanizama
Konvencije
UNFCCC-a,
uz nedavnoSociety
uspostavljeno
dravno and
tijelo
za
primjenu
mehanizama
istog
razvoja,
poele
su
aktivnosti
na
pripremi
CDM
SEE countries.
projekata. Projekti se odnose na N2O (koksna industrija), CH4 (rudnici), SF6 (termoelektrane) i CO2
(male hidroelektrane). Projekat smanjenja emisija N2O u koksnoj industriji realiziran je u 2012.
godini uvoenjem nove tehnologije smanjenja N2O, odnosno ugradnjom katalizatora za koji se
oekuje se da e smanjiti izmeu 80 i 90% trenutnih emisija N2O.

1.2. About this report

The specific
goals of
this reportefikasnosti,
are:
U pogledu
energetske
dodatno je odgoeno usvajanje Nacionalnog akcionog
plana za energetsku efikasnost s ciljem da se ispune obaveza iz Ugovora o Energetskoj zajednici.
Naime, tim
je pripremio
nacrt
plana, regarding
ali zbog administrativnih
jo uvijek
1. toeksperata
outline the
international
context
e-Accessibilityprocedura
including on
existing
legal
nije usvojen.
instruments and strategic level documents;
Postignut
je a
mali
napredakpicture
u pogledu
obnovljive energije.
Entiteti people
su uveli
podsticaje
2. to develop
comparative
of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
versus
people
(zajamene
tarife)
za
proizvoae
energije
koji
koriste
obnovljive
izvore.
Meutim,
oni
nisu
usklaeni.
with disabilities;
Ne postoji strateki pristup za promoviranje obnovljive energije. Sloenost organizacijske strukture
i sistema
odluka
ugroava
promoviranje
obnovljive stakeholders;
energije na dravnom
3. donoenja
to assess the
current
level ofuinkovito
e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
nivou. Potrebno
je vie
napora
da se in
stvori
regulatorno okruenje koje e podsticati veu upotrebu
4. to identify
good
practices
the region;
izvora obnovljive energije u svim sektorima. Potrebno je da Bosna i Hercegovina uloi dalje napore
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
na unapreenju udjela obnovljive energije u potronji energije u zemlji.
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

5.2. Pregled planova i programa za


This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
sistematsko
osmatranje
that is being
implemented in the context
of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Jedna od bitnih pretpostavki uspjene borbe protiv klimatskih promjena je i jaanje
UNDPs
Democratic
Thematic
Trust Fundito
support the
South Eastern
Europe region
kapaciteta
pod kojim Governance
se podrazumijeva
institucionalno
kadrovsko
osposobljavanje
i usavravanje,
in
implementation
of the Inclusive
Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
te the
unapreenje
meteorolokog
praenja.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Realizacijom
aktivnosti
na formiranju
i otvaranju,
tetargets
osavremenjavanju
i unapreenju rada
priorities
of the project
are therefore
fully aligned
with the
of e-SEE Agenda+.
mree meteorolokih stanica na podruju BiH (kako je to navedeno u INC), pored meteorolokog
monitoringa
znaajno
bi bilaimplemented
unaprijeenabyi klimatska
baza, odnosno
produenie-SEE
mnogiInitiative
nizovi
The project
is being
the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
podataka koji postoje odranije, iz razdoblja prije 1992. godine. Posebno treba istaknuti potrebu da
Secretariat,
capitalizing
their existing
knowledge,
networks
and resources.
Empowering
ljnje modernizacije
mreeon
meteorolokih
stanica
uvoenjem
automatskih
meteorolokih
stanica,
Marginalised
Groups in e-Governance
and the e-SEE
Secretariat
are positioned
within
the Social
te njihovim povezivanjem
u sistem automatskog
monitoringa
zajedno
s hidrolokim
stanicama,
posebno u svrhu automatskog
i softverske
slivovima,
te
Inclusion/Democratic
Governancemonitoringa
Sector. The UNDP
Countrykontrole
Office insituacije
Sarajevo na
is working
closely
planiranja
potronje
vode
za
potrebe
elektroprivrede,
vodoprivrede,
poljoprivrede,
ostalih
djelatno
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
sti i stanovnitva.
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional
e-Governance
Taskforce (REGATA)
as government
Points
for their
Znaajno
je istaknutiAdvisory
da su u izvjetajnom
razdobljuact
uraeni
prvi koraci Focal
koji vode
efikasnom
respective
ispunjenju countries.
ovih planova. Oni ukljuuju nabavku nove opreme u hidrometeorolokim zavodima,
obuku osoblja u ovim zavodima, izradu klimatskih scenarija itd.
151

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UNDER THEkonvencijom
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FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

5.3. Obrazovanje, obuka i jaanje svijesti


U skladu sa lanom 6. UNFCCC-a, drave lanice se podstiu da izgrade sisteme za
promociju i razvoj obrazovanja, podizanje svijesti i obuku o klimatskim promjenama. Ove aktivnosti
mogu da pomognu u realizaciji dugoronih strategija i politika u vezi s klimatskim promjenama.
Veoma je vano da se organizuje koordinirana zajednika implementacija izmeu razliitih
zainteresovanih strana, naroito vladinih institucija i civilnog drutva.
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements
it sets inaktivnosti
all aspects
e-Accessibility
and ihow
it is to be
implemented.
is followed
Dosadanje
u of
oblasti
obrazovanja
u oblasti
podizanja
svijestiThis
o klimatskim
nisu
dobro organizirane
rezultati
su at
dosta
Drugog
bypromjenama
a description
of bile
the major
instruments iand
actions
the skromni.
EuropeanTokom
Unionpripreme
level relating
to
nacionalnog
izvjetaja
uraeno
je
i
istraivanje
javnosti
Bosne
i
Hercegovine
o
klimatskim
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
promjenama, iji dio rezultata je prikazan sljedeim grafikonima:

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

152

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


Grafikoni 31. Rezultati istrivanja javnosti o klimatskim promjenama

The specific goals of this report are:


Najvei broj ispitanika, 82,8%, vjeruje da zaista dolazi do globalne promjene klime, dok
je 4,3% skeptino. Nesigurnost o ovom pitanju je izrazilo 13% ispitanika. S druge strane, skoro
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
polovica anketiranih, 44,9%, smatra da je uglavnom malo informirano o klimatskim promjenama
instruments
and strategic dok
level12.9%
documents;
i njihovim
moguim posljedicama,
ne zna nita o ovoj temi. Veina ispitanika vjeruju da
e klimatske
promjene
direktno utjecati
naofpoljoprivredu
(oko
zatim na
umarstvo
2. to develop
a comparative
picture
e-Accessibility
for81%),
able-bodied
people
versus (48%),
people
turizam (oko 16%), energetiku (15%) i industriju (10%).
with disabilities;
Moemo
rei the
da ispitanici
imaju
miljenje
kada se govoristakeholders;
o aktivnostima koje bi
3. to assess
current level
ofpodijeljeno
e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
trebalo poduzeti u narednom razdoblju. 35,1% ispitanika smatra da je potrebno poduzeti odreene
4. to identify good practices in the region;
mjere u toku narednih nekoliko godina, dok 34,3% smatra da je zbog ozbiljnosti problema potrebno
to develop
a set of recommendations
for government
other(21,9%)
stakeholders
how to:
napraviti5.snanija
ogranienja
u to skorijem periodu.
Svaki peti and
ispitanik
ne znaon
dovoljno
address the iobstacles
o klimatskim
promjenama
smatra datojee-Accessibility;
potrebno nastaviti istraivanja, dok 7,2% ne bi poduzelo
nita. Da- tehnoloki
razvoj
moe doprinijeti
promjena miljenje je 53,3%
comply
with requirements
forublaavanju
the UN and klimatskih
EU.
ispitanika, pri emu 24,6% smatra da je ovaj utjecaj mogu samo u izvjesnoj mjeri. Suprotno
tome, 45% ispitanika sumnja u utjecaj tehnolokog razvoja na ublaavanje klimatskih promjena,
a ak 30,5% smatra da moe ostvariti suprotan efekat i da ga ak pogora. Ispitanici informacije
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
o klimatskim promjenama dobijaju u najveem broju od medija (76,7%), a u znatno manjem
that
being implemented
in the
context(6,3%),
of the e-SEE
Initiative.
It is a regional
project designed
brojuissituacija
od istraivakih
instituta
nevladinih
organizacija
(5,5%), pojedinaca
(4,3%),by
the
UNDP Country
univerziteta
(3,1%) iOffice
slino.in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Jedna petina anketiranih
nije upoznata
s mjerama
BiH poduzima
pitanjuAgenda+,
suoavanja
in the implementation
of the Inclusive
Information
Societykoje
Priority
Area of theu e-SEE
the
s klimatskim promjenama. Neto manje od tri etvrtine, 72,6%, miljenja je da BiH ne poduzima
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
dovoljno u ovom smislu, dok 7,9% smatra da ini dovoljno.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Prema rezultatima ankete, najvanije ciljne grupe koja trebaju biti svjesne znaaja i
Theklimatskih
project is promjena
being implemented
by theseSarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
posljedica
na Zemlji, moe
uoiti da su to nadleni
iz dravnih
institucija
(oko 54%), ira
javnost (okoon
30%),
mladi
(26%),knowledge,
poslovni sektor
(oko 19%),
(oko 18%)
i nevladin
Secretariat,
capitalizing
their
existing
networks
andmediji
resources.
Empowering
sektor (oko 8%).
Takoer,
najvie ispitanika
da bi
ovim promjenama
bili direktno
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and smatra
the e-SEE
Secretariat
are positioned
within pogoeni
the Social
poljoprivreda (oko 81%), zatim umarstvo (oko 48%), turizam (oko 16%), energetika (oko 15%) i
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
industrija (oko 10%).
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York
is providing
expertise and
playing
an advisory
role.i Government-appointed
Jedna
polovica ispitanika
vjeruje
u snagu
pojedinca
aktivizam u zajednici, members
pa smatraof
da bi
organizirane
akcije pojedinaca
mogle znaajnije
utjecaj klimatskih
promjena.
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory Taskforce
(REGATA)reducirati
act as government
Focal Points
for their
Optimistini
u
ak
37,4%
sluajeva
imaju
konkretne
prijedloge
mjera
koje
pojedinci
mogu
poduzeti
respective countries.
s ciljem da se smanje klimatske promjene i globalno zagrijavanje, i one se u najveem broju
odnose na: programe kojima se podstie ouvanje okolia (4,8%) i jaa eko svijest (4,3%), bezbjedno
153

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Ujedinjenih
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SECOND
COMMUNICATION
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UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

uklanjanje otpada (3,7%) i upotreba alternativnih izvora energije (2.3%). Broj ispitanika koji su se
aktivno ukljuili u borbu za smanjenje utjecaja klimatskih promjena i linim primjerom pokazali
kako pojedinac moe dosta toga postii je isti kao i kod onih koji vjeruju u snagu aktivizma. Vrlo je
vjerovatno da su upravo oni koji su pokazali optimizam i vjeru u udruenu akciju pojedinaca upravo
i oni koji su motivirani da poduzmu neto konkretno. S druge strane, 14,7% se nikako ne bi ukljuilo
u aktivnosti ovog tipa, dok bi 40% razmislilo i moda participiralo ako bi akcija bila irih razmjera.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Rezultati istraivanja nedvosmisleno idu u prilog injenici da obrazovanje, obuka i jaanje


This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
svijesti javnosti u svim sferama koje se tiu klimatskih promjena, njihovim moguim posljedicama
requirements
it sets
in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how
it isi to
be implemented.
This
is followed
kao i mjerama
za njihovo
ublaavanje
i prilagoavanje,
jeste
treba
ostati jedan od
prioriteta
za
byBosnu
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
i Hercegovinu u narednom razdoblju.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

5.3.1. Propusti i potrebe u obrazovanju i jaanju kapaciteta


1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?

U sistemu obrazovanja u Bosni i Hercegovini, podjednako u oba entiteta, nije se vodilo


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
posebno rauna o ivotnoj sredini a pogotovo ne o klimatskim promjenama, iako je u Ustavu to
such
as older
when
seeking to
participate
on equal
terms
in the
pitanje
jasnopopulations
naznaeno.experience
Strategije za
obrazovanje
iz oblasti
ivotne
sredine,
kojima
e Information
se elementi
Society.
ivotne sredine, ukljuujui i klimatske promjene integrirati u nastavne planove i programe
osnovnih, srednjih i strunih kola, kao i univerziteta , jo uvijek nisu donesene.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Drave u Jugoistonoj Evropi dodjeljuju samo skromna sredstva po glavi stanovnika za
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
razvoj i primjenu znanja. Zbog toga se predlae uspostavljanje odreenih oblika naune suradnje
television.
to 15 percent
of therazvoja.
population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
u razvoju Up
i provoenju
odrivog
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
za izgradnju kapaciteta u Bosni i Hercegovini su detaljno opisani u Prvom nacio
similar orPrioriteti
higher proportion.
nalnom izvjetaju i kao takvi ostali su nepromijenjeni i tokom izrade Drugog nacionalnog izvjetaja.
Postoji potreba da se ojaaju kapaciteti postojeeg kadra u sektoru zatite ivotne sredine na svim
A perhaps surprising
international
agreements,
regulations
guidelines
cover
administrativnim
nivoima, tenumber
je zbogof
toga
potrebno razvijati
godinji
programeand
obuke
za kadar
koji
this
At theivotne
highest
international
level,
the UNCRPD,
and coming
into force u
insuradnji
2008, is
radiarea.
u oblasti
sredine,
na osnovi
procjene
potreba.ratified
Obuka mora
biti organizirana
s jednom
vie strunih
su sposobne
pruiti takve
programe obuke.
the
relevantililegal
context. institucija,
No single koje
EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
S druge strane, slubenici iz oblasti okolia bi trebali organizirati obuku za industrije u
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
oblike programa obuke s fokusom na prevenciju zagaivanja i koncept IPCC -a, Sistem okolinskog
isupravljanja
also covered
by policy, and
guidelines
and benchmarking
exist
for programmatic
support.
(Environmental
Management
System
- EMS) i uvoenje
standarda
s ciljem uspostavljanja
Furthermore,
moves are
afoot tou strengthen
and to enact more legislation.
adekvatne i efikasne
suradnja
privrednomthese
sektoru.
Uvoenjem
obrazovnih
zatite
sredine i klimatskih
There
is at least
a five-foldprograma
justificationzaforaktivnosti
early action
in theivotne
area of e-Accessibility:
promjena na svim administrativnim nivoima na osnovu godinjih programa, postojee osoblje bi
moglo poveati svoje vjetine i novo bi osoblje bilo obueno. Jaanje kapaciteta i obuku slubenika,
1. It na
is worthwhile
in its radile
own right
to improve access
to services
to people
who are already
uglavnom
lokalnom nivou,
su meunarodne
organizacije
(UNDP,
GIZ) prvenstveno
kroz
It helps
fulfil the
promise
of thei akcionih
Information
Society
to reduce
rather than
izradu marginalized.
i praenje lokalnih
ekolokih
akcionih
planova
planova
za odrivu
energiju.
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

5.3.2 Jaanje
svijesti
2. Improving access
to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the

population
opens aktivnosti,
significant bilo
market/sales
opportunities,
andilican
help public services
fulfil
Sve spomenute
da se govori
o formalnom
neformalnom
obrazovanju,
their remit
in a cost
manner. medija kao najbreg sredstva djelovanja na javno
neophodno
je provoditi
uz effective
stalnu prisutnost
miljenje. Jaanje svijesti je do sada poduzimano jedino od nadlenih ministarstava na nivou
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

154

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

people;
it canraspravama,
reduce the cost
of web
service development,
and enhance
the
entiteta,able-bodied
u pojedinanim
javnim
nekim
neprofesionalnim
informacijama
koje su
objavljene
u
medijima
i
pojedinanim
aktivnostima
civilnog
drutva.
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The
taken,informacija
the easier it
to integrate
e-Accessibility
development
Iako
suearlier
medijiaction
glavniisizvori
u is
oblasti
klimatskih
promjena,into
do sada
je ulogaof
medija ue-Services
jaanju svijesti
o klimatskim
and to lower
the cost.promjenama bila nedovoljno aktivna, te u tom pravcu
treba uraditi odreene pomake. Neophodan je vei broj dokumentarnih programa o klimatskim
5. Pursuing
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist in the
promjenama,
javnih rasprava
i diskusija
na dravnim
TV stanicama
s politiarima, predstavnicima
aspects ofodnosno,
the development
of theodluka
Information
Societyrazvojnim
in the EU
convergence
of different
javnih poduzea
i privatnim
poduzetnicima,
donositeljima
o stratekim
ciljevimaand
i projektima.
Evidentna
je
potrebna
da
se
jasno
profilira
dodatna
obuka
domaih
novinara
i
SEE countries.
javnih radnika u kontekstu njihovog adekvatnog doprinosa odrivom razvoju, to ukljuuje strategije
niskokarbonskog razvoja i prilagoavanja rizicima od klimatskih promjena.

1.2.Potrebno
About
this report
je, kada se govori o klimatskim promjenama i prilagoavanju, izbjegavati nega

tivan argon i zastraivanje i stvoriti pozitivnu sliku o potrebama i mogunostima uz odmjereno


The
specific goals
of this Istraivanja
report are: pokazuju da se ljudi bolje odazivaju na pozitivne poruke, koje
prezentiranje
posljedica.
omoguavaju lokalno djelovanje te se preporuuje zajedniki znak (logo) i slogan, koji bi bio oko
snica kampanje
i motiv
prepoznavanja
drave
u cjelini.e-Accessibility including existing legal
1. to outline
the
internationalstava
context
regarding
instruments and strategic level documents;
Iako se preko 100 nevladinih organizacija u BiH izjasnilo da su primarno orijentirani prema
zatiti ivotne
sredine,
kao i prema klimatskim
promjenama, for
Bosna
i Hercegovina
tek koncem
2. to develop
a comparative
picture of e-Accessibility
able-bodied
peoplejeversus
people
maja 2012.
godine
otvorila
svoj
prvi
Arhus
centar.
Putem
Arhus
centra
promoviraju
se
razumijevanje
with disabilities;
i primjena Arhus konvencije, te suradnja izmeu nadlenih vlasti, civilnog drutva, pravosua,
privatnog
i ire level
javnosti
povodom pitanja
ivotne sredine,
te je ostvarena
3. sektora,
to assessmedija
the current
of e-Accessibility
andzatite
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
znaajna4.suradnja
s good
mnogim
okolinim
nevladinim
to identify
practices
in the
region; organizacijama kojima je pruena podrka za
uspostavu Zelene parlamentarne grupe u Parlamentarnoj skuptini Bosne i Hercegovine.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

5.3.3. Ciljevi koje treba ispuniti u oblastima obrazovanja,


obuke i podizanja svijesti

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


U oblastima
obrazovanja,
obuke iof
podizanja
svijesti
u vezi
s klimatskim
promjenama
kaoby
that is being
implemented
in the context
the e-SEE
Initiative.
It is
a regional project
designed
prioritet
su
osmiljeni
sljedei
ciljevi:
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Edukacija o efektima i uzrocima klimatskih promjena, kao i mjerama ublaavanja i priin the implementation
the Inclusive
Information
Society
Priority
Area na
of the
lagoavanjaofklimatskim
promjenama,
trebala
bi biti
podignuta
vii e-SEE
nivo; Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Trebali
bi seare
odravati
struni
skupovi with
o potrebi
uvoenja
uenjaAgenda+.
o klimatskim prompriorities
of the project
therefore
fully aligned
the targets
of e-SEE
jenama u nastavne programe svih nivoa formalnog obrazovanja (s najboljim praksama iz
potrebno
je da se odabere
model za BiH;
The okruenja)
project is ibeing
implemented
by thenajbolji
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Obrazovne institucije bi trebale na svim nivoima usvojiti strategiju obrazovanja o klimatMarginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and obrazovanju;
the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
skim
promjenama
u formalnom
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Provesti
dravnih
slubenika,
ukljuujui
predstavnike
ministarstava
obrawith the
fellow
UNDPedukaciju
Country Offices
in the
region, while
the Office
of Senior ICT
Advisor at the
BDP
zovanja
o
uzrocima
i
efektima
klimatskih
promjena
i
njihovoj
integraciji
u
nastavne
proin New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
grame i standarde;
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.
Provesti edukaciju profesora i nastavnika o neophodnosti uvoenja u obrazovanje teme o
klimatskim promjenama, kao i o metodama predavanja;
155

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Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
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UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Potrebno je u formalnom obrazovanju i privrednom sektoru imenovati tim strunjaka za


obrazovanje o klimatskim promjenama;

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Potrebno je odrati strune skupove o povezivanju neformalnog obrazovanja i privatnih i


javnih preduzea s ciljem prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama i ublaavanja njihovih
posljedica;

Politiari,
predstavnici
medija trebaju
biti educirani and
o uzrocima
i efektima kliThis section
presentsprivrednici,
an overview
of the UNCRPD,
its significance
main sections,
the
posredstvom
projekata
razvojnim
strategijama;
requirementsmatskih
it sets inpromjena
all aspects
of e-Accessibility
andusklaenih
how it is tosbe
implemented.
This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
Politiari, privrednici, predstavnici medija trebaju biti educirani o meunarodnim meha
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
nizmima financiranja projekata u oblasti ublaavanja i prilagoavanja na klimatske pro
mjene, kao i o nainima podnoenja projekata;

1.1. Why
e-Accessibility?
Pokrenuti
kampanju o klimatskim promjenama i njenim posljedicama, te usvojiti zatitni

znak
i slogan
kampanje za
period. that people with disabilities and others
e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
thekratkoroni
range of barriers
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

5.4. Priprema
operativnih programa za
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites
for e-government services,
to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
informiranje
javnosti

television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Znanje speech,
i svijest ocognitive,
klimatskim
u BiH suand
na nedovoljnom
nivou,
je i potvreno
visual, hearing,
or promjenama
motor impairment,
SEE countries
can to
expect
to have a
rezultatima
istraivanja
koje
je
provedeno
tokom
izrade
Drugog
nacionalnog
izvjetaja.
Koliko je
similar or higher proportion.
prostor BiH ranjiv na klimatske promjene i koliko e se to osjetiti u kvalitetu ivota i privreivanja, ni
graani, ni privrednici, ni politiari, izgleda, nisu u potpunosti svjesni. Stoga je prioritetan zadatak
perhaps
surprisinginformacija.
number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
da svi A
dou
do relevantnih
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant
legal informacije
context. Nokoje
single
EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Osnovne
moraju
doi do svakoga
su sljedee:
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
1. Bosna
i Hercegovina
ranjiva naFramework
klimatske promjene,
(for copyright
exemptions),
and thejeTelecoms
(for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
2. Postoje metode prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama, i to prilagoavanje na promije
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
njene uvjete (podnoenje, djelomina ili potpuna adaptacija) i prilagoavanje uz primjenu
mjera za smanjenje globalnih emisija (ublaavanje klimatskih promjena),
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
3. Razvijene zemlje su spremne i obavezale su se kroz meunarodne sporazume da pomognu
u razvoju
pri adaptiranju
na klimatske
1. It iszemljama
worthwhile
in its own
right to improve
accesspromjene.
to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Da bi se the
programi
prilagoavanja
implementirali,
potrebno
da
increase
disadvantages
certainklimatskim
populationspromjenama
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort injethis
informacije dospiju do svih nivoa, oblika i profila obrazovanja, svih graana, privrednih organizacija
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
i do svih zaposlenih u organima vlasti.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Osnove koncepta
za kompletan
sistem informiranja
ostaju
u odnosufulfil
na
population
opens significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and nepromijenjene
can help public services
Prvi nacionalni
izvjetaj
i
trebali
bismo
uloiti
dodane
napore
da
predloeni
koncept
zaivi.
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

156

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
5.4.1.
Funkcioniranje klimatskog WEB portala i osnivanje
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
integriranog informacionog sistema
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
Ue-Services
razdoblju and
izmeu
dva izvjetaja
to lower
the cost. nastavljen je rad na funkcioniranju web-stranice www.
unfccc.ba i informiranju javnosti o stanju klimatskih promjena u svijetu i u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Pursuing
approaches
that
follow EU
guidelinessistem
and recommendations
will assist
in the
I pored 5.
toga,
potrebno
je proiriti
postojei
informativni
u koji bi bili ukljueni
svi izvori
ofi the
development
of thekao
Information
in the EU
convergence
ofmeteoroloki
different aspects
informacija,
prije svega
zavodi
istraivake
institucije,
i korisniciSociety
tih informacija.
and SEE countries.
Klimatski WEB portal bi pored postojeih trebao sadravati i sljedee informacije:

podatke i prognoze
promjena u BiH,
1.2. About
thisklimatskih
report
procjenu ranjivosti prostora BiH, ranjive prirodne resurse, kao i utjecaj na uvjete ivota,
The specificsve
goals
of this
report are:
u vezi
s klimatskim
promjenama,

prilagoavanja
klimatskim
u BiH i u svijetu,
1. toprograme
outline the
international
context promjenama
regarding e-Accessibility
including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
informacije o podsticajnim mehanizmima za provoenje mjera ublaavanja (domaih i
2. tostranih),
develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
informacije o CDM projektima i inicijativama u BiH,
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;

o "actvity
data
4. toinformacije
identify good
practices
in za
theBiH.
region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

5.5. Meunarodna suradnja

5.5.1. Meunarodna suradnja u okviru globalnih


This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
sporazuma o ivotnoj sredini
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP
Country Office
in Bosnia andKonvencije
Herzegovina,
DG/BDP NY, and
funded
by the
Potpisivanjem
i ratifikacijom
o supported
klimatskimby promjenama
UN-a,
Bosna
i
Hercegovina
je i zvanino
zapoela
meunarodnu
suradnje
u oblasti
klimatskih
promjena.
Prva
UNDPs
Democratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust Fund
to support
the South
Eastern
Europe region
zvanina
BiH delegacija
na konferenciji
strana
u Marakeu
2001.
godine
i nakon
in
the implementation
of uestvovala
the InclusivejeInformation
Society
Priority
Area of the
e-SEE
Agenda+,
the
toga je redovno prisutna na svim konferencijama strana, kao i sastancima strunih tijela u okviru
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Sekretarijata UNFCCC-a.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Pored ovoga, potrebno je naglasiti suradnju koja je ve nekoliko godina uspostavljena
project
is being implemented
the Sarajevo-based
e-SEE Potvrda
Initiative
izmeu The
zemalja
Jugoistone
Evrope u sferi by
zatite
ivotne sredine i UNDP-funded
klimatskih promjena.
ove vrste saradnje
je i aktivno
uee
BiH naknowledge,
Konferencijinetworks
u Beogradu,
2007.
godine, o
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
existing
and odrane
resources.
Empowering
regionalnim
aktivnostima
prilagoavanja
klimatskim
promjenama.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Bosna i Hercegovina je ratificirala Pekinke amandmane na Protokol iz Montreala Beke
with
the fellow
UNDP
Country Offices
in the
region,
whileodluci
the Office
of Senior
at the
BDP
konvencije
o zatiti
ozonskog
omotaa,
te se
pridruila
donesenoj
naICT
22.Advisor
sastanku
strana
in
New York
providing oexpertise
andukidanju
playing an
advisory role. Government-appointed
members of
Protokola
iz isMontreala
globalnom
hlorofluorougljikovodonika
(HCFC) i hlorofluorou
gljenika
(CFC).
Ipak, potrebno
je poduzeti
dalje (REGATA)
korake naact
usklaivanju
sa zakonodavstvom
o
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
as government
Focal Points forEU
their
supstancama
koje
osiromauju
ozonski
omota
i
fluoriziranim
plinovima.
Iako
je
pridruena
Sporespective countries.
razumu iz Kopenhagena, Bosna i Hercegovina jo uvijek nema planove za formuliranje zahtjeve za
smanjenje emisije staklenikih plinova.
157

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
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u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Komplementarne aktivnosti izmeu tri UN Konvencije - klimatske promjene, biodiverzitet i


desertifikacija - jesu sigurno neophodne za harmonizaciju aktivnosti u BiH, ali i izuzetna mogunost
meunarodne suradnje, koja bi pomagala BiH u realiziranju svoga odrivog razvoja.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
5.5.2. Regionalna suradnja

This section
presents ansuradnjom
overview smatra
of the se
UNCRPD,
and main
sections,
the
Pod regionalnom
suradnjaits
kojasignificance
se odvija u okviru
Jugoistone
Evrope
ili Zapadnog itBalkana
(opis
ne ukljuuje
dvije zemlje
EU - Bugarska
i Rumunija).
requirements
sets in all
aspects
of e-Accessibility
andkoje
how su
it islanice
to be implemented.
This
is followed
Regionalizam
je
strateki
nain
prilagoavanja
globalnim
promjenama,
budui
da
sve
vei broj
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating
to
zemalja nema kapaciteta i resursa za samostalno noenje s izazovima koje te promjene nameu.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Stvaranjem regionalnih mrea i struktura poveavaju se izgledi za ostvarivanje ekonomske
stabilnost i uspostavljanje otvorenijeg i podsticajnijeg poslovnog okruenja. Stvaranje regionalnog
privrednog prostora doprinosi otklanjanju nepovoljnih investicionih prepreka i omoguava lake
rjeavanje konfliktnih interesa u poslovnom domenu (SEE-FAP, 2008).

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Openito, regionalna suradnja olakava obezbjeivanje "javnih dobara", kao to su voda,
such
as older
populations
experience
when
seeking
to participate
on equal
terms inmnoga
the Information
energija,
transportne
veze
ili sloboda
kretanja.
Regionalna
suradnja
obuhvaa
podruja
Society.
ekonomskog i socijalnog ivota, politike strukture, unutranju sigurnost, zatitu ivotne sredine,
kulturu, itd. Radi se, dakle, o kompleksnom i vieslojnom procesu graenja veza unutar regije, koji
ne podrazumijeva
samo
izmeu
nacionalnih
administracija
nego
i izmeu
mnogih
e-Accessibility
canodnose
potentially
referdrava
to any itype
of ICT used
by citizens, and
involves
everything
drugih drutvenih aktera kao to su poslovna zajednica ili civilno drutvo.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television.Regionalna
Up to 15 percent
of the
population across
the European
Union dio
has procesa
a disability,
such as a
suradnja
i dobrosusjedski
odnosi
ine sutinski
pribliavanja
visual,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor
and
SEE aktivno
countries
can expect
to have a
Bosnehearing,
i Hercegovine
Evropskoj
uniji.
Bosnaimpairment,
i Hercegovina
i dalje
sudjeluje
u regionalnim
inicijativama,
ukljuujui
i
Proces
suradnje
u
jugoistonoj
Evropi
(SEECP),
Regionalno
vijee za
similar or higher proportion.
suradnju (RCC), Centralnoevropski sporazum o slobodnoj trgovini (CEFTA), Sporazum o energetskoj
zajednici, Beogradska inicijativa za klimatske promjene, Igmanska inicijativa, Strategija EU
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
agreements,
regulations
guidelines
cover
za dunavsku
regiju
i Evropski
sporazum
o zajednikom
zranom
prostoru.and
Drava
je domain
this
area. At theRCC-a,
highest
international
level,
the UNCRPD,
ratified
and coming into force in 2008, is
Sekretarijata
koji
je organizirao
mnogo
regionalnih
aktivnosti.
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Najvaniji
u proteklom
razdoblju: the
Ugovor
o zajednikom
spread across
areasprocesi
such asregionalne
Televisionsuradnje
Without Frontiers
(for subtitling),
Copyright
Directive
energetskom tritu JI Evrope, Savjet za regionalnu saradnju, Beogradska inicijativa za klimatske
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
promjene te Igmanska inicijativa su detaljno opisani tokom izrade Prvog nacionalnog izvjetaja.
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore,
are afoot
to strengthen
these
and toje
enact
more legislation.
Poredmoves
navedenih,
u proteklom
razdoblju
potrebno
spomenuti
i uee Bosne i Hercegovine
u RENA (Regional Environmental Network for Accession) projektu koje intenzivirano tokom 2011.
godineThere
i u kojem
Bosna
i Hercegovina
uzelafor
aktivno
tokom
2012.ofgodine.
is at je
least
a five-fold
justification
earlyuee
action in
the area
e-Accessibility:
Isto tako, panje je vrijedna jo jedna veoma uspjena mrea koja je u konstantnom razvoju
1.
It isnaelnika/gradonaelnika
worthwhile in its own right
to improve
access toSporazum
services to
people who are already
Sporazum
(Covenant
of Mayors).
naelnika/gradonaelnika
marginalized.
It helps
fulfil the
promise
of theglavni
Information
to reduce
rather
than
je pokrenula
2008. godine
Evropska
komisija
i njegov
zadatakSociety
jeste podrati
lokalne
vlasti
u
implementaciji
politika
odrive
energije.
Lokalne
vlasti
igraju
znaajnu
ulogu
u
smanjenju
emisije
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Sporazuma
imaju
za cilj dostignuti
koje je definirala Evropska unija, smanjiti za
CO2. Potpisnici
area is likely
to further
marginalize
these ciljeve
groups.
20% emisiju CO2 do 2020. godine, a ovi ciljevi poznatiji su kao Agenda 20-20-20. U proteklom razdoblju
su sljedei
bosanskohercegovaki
gradovi
Sporazum
naelnika/gradonaelnika:
2. Improving
access to services,
publicve
andpotpisali
private, to
such a significant
proportion of the
Banja Luka,
Biha,opens
Bijeljina,
Gradika,
Kakanj, Laktai,
Livno, Prijedor,
Sarajevo,
Travnik,
Trebinje,
population
significant
market/sales
opportunities,
and can
help public
services
fulfil
Tuzla, Zenica i Zvornik, koji su u proteklom razdoblju predali svoje akcione planove. Sporazum je
their remit in a cost effective manner.
izuzetan primjer modela uspjene samouprave. Potpisnici ovog sporazuma ozbiljno shvaaju svoju
odgovornost
prema svojim
stanovnicima
i tee
ka poboljanju
njihovih
uvjeta
ivot. access for
3. Improving
e-Accessibility
for the
marginalized
could
also lead
toza
improved
2

158

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

6. Ogranienja i nedostaci

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
Uconvergence
ovom poglavlju
je dat pregled
ogranienja
i preprekaof
u the
vezi Information
s institucionalnim,
aspects
of the development
Societypravnim,
in the EU
of different
financijskim i tehnikim kapacitetima, kao i kapacitetima u ljudstvu u BiH koji utiu na provoenje
and SEE countries.
obaveza pod Okvirnom konvencijom Ujedinjenih nacija o klimatskim promjenama (UNFCCC).

Informacije o ovim preprekama i ogranienjima su zasnovane na prethodnim studijama i


1.2.
About this report
projektima u BiH, kao i na rezultatima analiza sektora u prethodnim poglavljima.
Nekegoals
od predloenih
The specific
of this reportmjera
are: podrazumijevaju provoenje razliitih oblika istraivanja i
izgradnju sistema praenja utjecaja klimatskih promjena, te je za njihovu realizaciju neophodna
i odgovarajua podrka. S tim u vezi obezbjeivanje izvora financiranja predstavlja jedan od prvih
to outlinemjera.
the international
regarding
e-Accessibility
includingistraivakim
existing legal
koraka u1.provoenju
Drugi pravaccontext
potekoa
se ogleda
u nedovoljno razvijenim
instruments
level documents;
kapacitetima
koji se and
bavestrategic
problematikom
prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama i nedovoljnom
istraenou utjecaja klimatskih promjena, kao i u definiranju uloga razliitih aktera koji se bave
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
ovim pitanjima. Usporedo s razvijanjem istraivakih kapaciteta potrebno je raditi i na promoviranju
disabilities;
znaaja with
klimatskih
promjena, a poseban zadatak predstavlja ouvanje uspostavljenog sistema i
kapaciteta,
kao
i
jaanje
njihovih level
vrijednosti.
3. to assess the current
of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
U skladu s Dejtonskim sporazumom, implementacija politike o ivotnoj sredini u BiH je u nadlenosti entiteta, dok je u Distriktu Brko nadlena vlada Distrikta. Meuentitetsko tijelo za ivotnu
sredinu/okoli BiH osnovano je odlukama entitetskih vlada, a na osnovu usvojenih zakona, iji zadaThis report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
tak je usklaivanje i koordinacija politike o ivotnoj sredini na nivou Bosne i Hercegovine. Ministarstvo
that
is being
implemented
in odnosa
the context
of ithe
e-SEE Initiative.
It is a zajedno
regionals project
designed
vanjske
trgovine
i ekonomskih
Bosne
Hercegovine
je odgovorno,
entitetskim
minis-by
the
UNDP za
Country
Office inobaveze
BosniaBiH
anduHerzegovina,
by DG/BDP
NY, and funded
by the
tarstvima,
meunarodne
oblasti zatitesupported
ivotne sredine,
dok odgovornost
za obaveze
prema UNFCCC-u
i razvoj
nacionalnih
izvjetaja
leiFund
na Nacionalnoj
instituciji
BiH
premaregion
UNUNDPs
Democratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust
to supportkontakt
the South
Eastern
Europe
FCCC-u,
odnosno
Ministarstvu
za
prostorno
planiranje,
graevinarstvo
i
ekologiju
Republike
Srpske.
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the

6.1. Institucionalna ogranienja

regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Nadlenost dravne uprave u pitanjima ivotne sredine je prilino ograniena i smanjena
priorities
of koje
the project
are therefore
fully
aligned with suradnju
the targets
of e-SEE Agenda+.
na funkcije
su uglavnom
vezane za
meunarodnu
i neophodnu
koordinaciju. Postoji

oigledan nedostatak i vertikalne i horizontalne suradnje i koordinacije izmeu kompetentnih


Theaproject
is being
by the za
Sarajevo-based
e-SEE Initiative
institucija,
ti mehanizmi
su implemented
od posebnog znaaja
meunarodne UNDP-funded
aktivnosti.
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
U skladu
s vaeim
zakonima, potrebna
priprema
brojnih strategija
i planova.
Provoenje
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and the jee-SEE
Secretariat
are positioned
within
the Social
mjera koje su predviene ranije pripremljenim dokumentima je jednako nisko, dok se drugi brojni
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
dokumenti strategija i politika jo uvijek nalaze na ekanju iako je njihovo usvajanje potrebno u
with
thesfellow
UNDP zakonima.
Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
skladu
relevantnim
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
U sprovoenju
politika
zatiteTaskforce
okolia u(REGATA)
BiH nedovoljno
se koriste ekonomski
i fiskalni
the Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
act as government
Focal Points
for their
resursi.
Politika
za
uvoenje
novih
ekonomskih
instrumenata
i
koritenje
postojeih
mora
biti
respective countries.
ojaana kako bi zaista promijenila ponaanje ljudi i institucija ka boljem podravanju zatiteokolia,
obezbjeenju podsticaja za smanjenje zagaenja i iznalaenju sredstava za investicije i poboljanje
159

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

kvaliteta okolia.Trenutno neki postojei ekonomski instrumenti ne funkcioniraju kako bi trebalo,


dok drugi instrumenti nisu u funkciji uope: naprimjer, nema naplate naknade od kompanija
koje emitiraju zagaivae zraka, niti se nadzire njihov rad. Ukratko, institucionalni kapaciteti za
provoenje efikasnih i jakih politika ostaju slabi.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

U BiH ne postoji sveobuhvatno nadziranje okolia i sistema prikupljanja podataka, to


rezultira nedostatkom sistema informacija o zatiti ivotne sredine. Za sada razliite podatke
prikupljaju razliite institucije bez dovoljno razvijene koordinacije i jedinstvene baze podataka.
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Nedovoljno je razvijena razmjena podataka i komunikacija izmeu institucija koje prikupljaju
requirements
it setsagencija,
in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
and how it is
be implemented.
This
is followed
podatke i vladinih
a nema
ni razmjene informacija
o to
postojeim
podacima.
Iako
postoje
byneki
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
podaci o stanjuokolia, oni su ili zastarjeli ili nekompletni i neupotrebljivi. Postojei podaci
o okoliu,
kao i opi
statistiki
podaci,inteko
se ili se uope ne razmjenjuju izmeu entiteta, to
disability
in general
and
e-Accessibility
particular.
oteava stvaranje kompletne slike o vezi izmeu razvojnih aktivnosti i stanja ivotne sredine, ili
indikatorima koji podravaju proces odluivanja na nivou drave.

1.1. Priprema
Why Prvog
e-Accessibility?
i Drugog nacionalnog izvjetaja ukljuivala je pregled svih dostupnih

dokumenata razvijenih
za BiH i entitete
s financijskom
inostranstva
(UN,
Svjetska
e-Accessibility
is about overcoming
the range
of barriers podrkom
that peopleiz with
disabilities
and
others
banka,
donatori
ES)
ili
iz
budeta
entiteta.
Ovi
dokumenti
su
vani
jer
sadre
informacije
neophodne
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
za pripremu nacionalnog izvjetaja, ali mnogi od njih nisu odobreni u standardnim bh. politikim
Society.
procedurama, pa se ne mogu smatrati zvaninim dravnim dokumentima. Poseban problem su
statistiki podaci, koji su nepotpuni i prikupljani na nivou entiteta (na primjer, broj stanovnika je
e-Accessibility
can potentially
referOvo
to any
ICT usedkoji
by citizens,
andstalna
involves
everythingi
posljednji
put ustanovljen
1991. godine).
su type
velikiofproblemi
zahtijevaju
poboljanja
auriranja,
uz
angaman
entitetskih
vlada
i
Savjeta
ministara.
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.

6.2. Financijska ogranienja

sektoru
zatite okolia
nedostatak
transparentnosti.
Oskudni
su podaci
o
AU
perhaps
surprising
number postoji
of international
agreements,
regulations
and guidelines
cover
administrativnim
trokovima
u sektoru
zatiteokolia.
su administrativne
u ovoj
this
area. At the highest
international
level,
the UNCRPD,Kako
ratified
and coming intoaktivnosti
force in 2008,
is
oblasti veoma rairene i uglavnom su samo dio veih jedinica koje su primarno odgovorne za druge
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
sektore, vrlo je teko odvojeno izraunati trokove sektora zatiteokolia.
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright
exemptions),
and the
Framework
(for
assistive
technologies).
U Bosni
i Hercegovini
su Telecoms
aktivni Fond
za zatitu
ivote
sredine
Republike e-Accessibility
Srpske (2002)
i
Fond
za
zatitu
okolia
FBiH
(2003),
kao
financijske
institucije
za
prikupljanje
i distribuciju
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic
support.
sredstava za zatitu ivotne sredine/okolia, ali oni u primjeni jo uvijek ne daju efekte koji se
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
od njih oekuju. U Republici Srpskoj novi Zakon o Fondu za zatitu ivotne sredine i energetsku
efikasnost je usvojen u novembru 2011. i uveo je novinu da se iz ovog Fonda izdvajaju i sredstva za
There
is at least
a five-fold
justification
for early
action in the
areajeofpreimenovan
e-Accessibility:
podrku
realiziranju
projekata
iz oblasti
energetske
efikasnosti,
a Fond
u Fond za
zatitu ivotne sredine i energetsku efikasnost Republike Srpske. Izmjene zakona o fondovima u
FBiH i 1.
Distriktu
Brko su in
u toku.
It is worthwhile
its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

6.3. Ogranienja u ljudskim resursima

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Administrativni kapaciteti u sektoru okolia su i dalje slabi. Organi koji se bave pitanjima
opens significant
market/sales
opportunities,
andna
can
help public services
fulfil
okoliapopulation
nemaju kapacitete
da primijene
i provedu
zakonodavstvo
entitetskom,
kantonalnom
their remit
a cost
effective
manner. administrativnih kapaciteta za rjeavanje pitanja
i lokalnom
nivou. inNije
dolo
do unapreenja
klimatskih promjena, za koja ne postoje ni kadrovi niti dodijeljena sredstva.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

160

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
6.4. Prevazilaenje
ogranienja i nedostataka
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Nedovoljno
razvijen
BiHeasier
za primjenu
mjera s e-Accessibility
ciljem adaptiranja
na klimatskeof
4. The earlier
action kapacitet
is taken, the
it is to integrate
into development
promjene
posljedica
je
nedostatka
znanja
i
svijesti
o
rizicima
klimatskih
promjena
za
BiH. Imajui
e-Services and to lower the cost.
na umu razliitost klime u BiH, prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama se mora osloniti na
specifine
karakteristike
klime u that
pojedinanim
5. Pursuing
approaches
follow EUregijama.
guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
U provoenju okvira za prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama neophodno je razvijati
and SEE countries.
sistem indikatora kompatibilan sa standardima Evropske unije, ali koji e odgovarati specifinostima
i potrebama Bosne i Hercegovine. Izgradnja kapaciteta za praenje efekata klimatskih promjena
predstavlja prioritet, za to je potrebno preduzeti mjere izgradnje kapaciteta za upravljanje razvojem
u ambijentu klimatskih promjena:

1.2. About this report

1. Potrebno
je odabrati
stabilan sistem statistikih podataka o klimatskim promjenama,
The specific
goals of this
report are:
rezultate prilagoavanja tim promjenama i indikatore koji obezbjeuju primjenu meuna
rodno priznatih metodologija analiza, kao i praenje pojava koje podravaju odrivi razvoj,
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
ak i u atmosferi nepovoljnih klimatskih promjena. Navedene komponente su u odreenoj
instruments
and strategic
level
mjeri ukljuene,
a mogu
se documents;
dodatno proiriti i integrirati u postojee sisteme meteo
rolokih informacija, ili u sisteme redovnih statistikih izvjetaja entitetskih institucija i
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
Agencije za statistiku BiH.
with disabilities;
2.
je poboljati
postojei
sistem meteorolokih
osmatranjastakeholders;
posmatranje klima
3. toPotrebno
assess the
current level
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
tskih promjena i rezultata prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama, ukljuujui sistem
4. to identify good practices in the region;
ranog upozorenja. Razvoj profesionalnih kapaciteta treba integrirati u meunarodni sistem
5. toosmatranja
develop a set
recommendations
for government
and other Sistema
stakeholders
on how to:
(ovooftreba
razvijati u poseban
projekat, uspostavom
prilagoavanja
- klimatskim
address promjenama).
the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
3. Potrebno je imenovati profesionalna i politika tijela, nadlena za upravljanje razvojem
u nestabilnom klimatskom okruenju. Struni organi dravnog i entitetskog nivoa (osim
klasinog planiranja i predlaganja ekonomskih mjera u parlamentarnim strukturama),
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
trebaju biti osposobljeni i za involviranje mjera spreavanja posljedica od nepovoljnih klithat is beingmatskih
implemented
in the
context
of the e-SEE
Initiative.vlade,
It is a institucije
regional project
designed
promjena
(Savjet
ministara
BiH, entitetske
nadlene
za ekoby
the UNDP Country
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
by DG/BDP
NY, and
fundedcivilna
by the
nomskoOffice
i prostorno
planiranje,
agencije zasupported
vodna podruja,
privredni
subjekti,
zatita i dr.).
Neophodno
je utvrditi
obaveza
politikih
u Bosni
i Hercegovini
za
UNDPs Democratic
Governance
Thematic
Trust
Fund to
supportorgana
the South
Eastern
Europe region
politiku
odgovornost
za
brigu
o
odrivom
razvoju
u
promjenljivim
klimatskim
uvjetima.
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
4. Stvarati uvjerenje u najiroj javnosti o potrebi da se drutvo mora ozbiljnije baviti pro
priorities of blemima
the project
are therefore
fully te
aligned
the targets
of materijalne
e-SEE Agenda+.
klimatskih
promjena,
da je with
neophodno
ulagati
i ljudske resurse
za implementaciju mjera odrivog razvoja, da bi promjene klime bile podnoljive, a razvoj
The stabilan.
project is
being
implemented
by the Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Initiative
Ipak,
kljune
inicijative, politike
i mjere prilagoavanja
se nalaze na
entitetskom
nivou,
u okvirima
meunarodne
suradnje.
Secretariat,i dravnom
capitalizing
on odnosno
their existing
knowledge,
networks
and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Paralelno s tim, preferirane mjere ublaavanja trebaju biti zasnovane na smanjenju postojeeg
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
trenda rasta emisija staklenikih plinova i ouvanju postojeih ponorskih zona (sekvestracija);
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York
is providing
andsu
playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
members
Primarne
mjere expertise
ublaavanja
bazirane
na smanjenju
postojeeg trenda rasta
emisijaof
GHG,
koje ukljuuju:
poveanje
energetske
efikasnosti
u svim
proizvodnje;
primjenu
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce
(REGATA)
act sektorima
as government
Focal Points
for sutheir
vremenih
tehnologija
u
svim
oblastima
proizvodnje;
snabdijevanje
elektrinom
energijom
iz
obno
respective countries.
vljivih izvora energije; stimuliranje zapoljavanja u proizvodnim sektorima u kojima se implementiraju mjere ublaavanje klimatskih promjena i dr.
161

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Dodatne mjere ublaavanja su bazirane na ouvanju glavnih ponorskih kapaciteta, meu


kojima su najvaniji: treseti (histosoli); ume i umsko zemljite; oranice i livade.
Sektori koji su najugroeniji klimatskim promjenama u Bosni i Hercegovini su: poljoprivreda,
vodni resursi, ljudsko zdravlje, umarstvo i biodiverzitet, te osjetljivi ekosistemi. S tim u vezi u
SNC su vrene i detaljnije analize dugorone promjene klime na navedene sektore. Procjene
su vrene na bazi klimatskih scenarija A1B i A2 koji su razvijeni za potrebe Drugog nacionalnog
izvjetaja (SNC). Bosna i Hercegovina je zemlja u razvoju i njene GHG emisije su znatno nie u
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
odnosu na referentnu 1991. zbog ratnih dejstava u razdoblju 1992-1995. i devastacije industrije.
requirements
it sets
in all aspects
of e-Accessibility
how it isjako
to be
implemented.
This trpi
is followed
Meutim, iako
je utjecaj
BiH na globalne
klimatskeand
promjene
mali,
njena privreda
znatan
bypritisak
a description
of
the
major
instruments
and
actions
at
the
European
Union
level
relating
to
uvjetovan klimatskim promjena. Zbog toga prilagoavanje prije svega u gore navedenim
sektorima,
treba biti
imperativ
u borbi protiv
klimatskih promjena. Ekonomija Bosne i Hercegovine
disability
in general
and
e-Accessibility
in particular.
je na dosta niskom nivou i za realizaciju prilagoavanja klimatskim promjenama neophodna je
meunarodna pomo u vidu financija, tehnologija, znanja i dobre prakse.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
6.5. Multilateralni
/ seeking
bilateralni
such
as older populations experience when
to participate ondoprinosi
equal terms in the Information
Society.
prevazilaenju ogranienja

e-Accessibility
potentially
refer to any
type of ICTOkvirnu
used by konvenciju
citizens, andUjedinjenih
involves everything
Od momentacan
kada
je BiH potpisala
i ratificirala
nacija o
klimatskim
i odredila
operativnu
Kontakt-instituciju,
inicirano
je to
osnivanje
tijela
from
websitespromjenama
for e-government
services,
to telephony
support for blind
people
subtitling
on
koje
moe
harmonizirati
sve
aktivnosti
u
oblasti
zatite
okolia,
ukljuujui
klimatske
promjene.
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
Izborom Kontakt-institucije prema Okvirnoj konvenciji Ujedinjenih nacija o klimatskim promjenama
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
(Ministarstvo za prostorno ureenje, graevinarstvo i ekologiju Republike Srpske), ove aktivnosti
similar
or higher
su fokusirane
naproportion.
organizaciju aktivnosti koje bi omoguile BiH da postane aktivan lan UNFCCC-a

to je mogue prije, kao "strana koja nije obuhvaena Aneksom I.


A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
praktino
dovoljnolevel,
razvijene
profesionalne
i naune
institucije
this area.BiH
At the
highestnema
international
the UNCRPD,
ratified
and coming
into koje
forcebiinpreuzele
2008, is
ulogu organizovanja izrade kompletnog Drugog nacionalnog izvjetaja ili ak i njegovih dijelova. S
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
ciljem prevazilaenja uoenih problema i s punom podrkom vlada entiteta i drave, kao i GEF-a i
spread
across areas
such as
Television
Frontiers
subtitling),
Copyrightizvjetaja.
Directive
Sekretarijata
UNFCCC-a,
UNDP
BiH je Without
organizirao
rad na(for
pripremi
Prvogthe
nacionalnog
(for
copyright
exemptions),
andjethe
Telecoms
Framework
(fornacionalni
assistive technologies).
e-Accessibility
Posao
na pripremi
Izvjetaja
poeo
tek 2008.
godine i Prvi
izvjetaj je zavren
i podnijet
Sekretarijatu
Konvencije
2010.
godine.
vrsto
se
drei
instrukcije
17/CP8,
uz
tehniku
podrku
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
i koordinacijumoves
UNDP-a
izvjetaj
je and
pripremalo
od legislation.
45 domaih strunjaka. INC
Furthermore,
are Prvi
afootnacionalni
to strengthen
these
to enactvie
more
su usvojile entitetske vlade i Vijee ministara, te ga je UNFCCC-u sekretarijatu predala UNFCCC
kontakt institucija Ministarstva za prostorno ureenje, graevinarstvo i ekologiju Republike Srpske.
is at
a five-fold
justification
for early
action in izvjetaja.
the area of e-Accessibility:
OvakavThere
pristup
je least
zadran
i prilikom
izrade Drugog
nacionalnog
Drugog nacionalnog
je raenaaccess
po slinom
principu.
priprema
sluila
1.Izrada
It is worthwhile
in its ownizvjetaja
right to improve
to services
toSama
people
who arejealready
kao sredstvo
za razvoj
i izgradnju
kapaciteta
kljunim sektorima.
SNCrather
projektnog
marginalized.
It vjetina
helps fulfil
the promise
of the uInformation
Society toCilj
reduce
than
tima je da se svi rezultati integriu u proces dugoronog razvoja i u razvojne planove sektora.lanovi
increase
the disadvantages
certain
populations
face. Conversely,
insufficient
effort in
this
sadanje
interdisciplinarne
ekspertske
grupe
su u stalnom
kontaktu, i grupa
predstavlja
sjeme
area
is likelykoje
to further
marginalize
these
buduih
institucija
e vremenom
dostii
nivogroups.
potreban za uspjenu implementaciju aktivnosti
predvienih Izvjetajem. Tokom izrade SNC-a takoe se radilo na izgradnji kapaciteta domaih
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
institucija, tako da mogu preuzeti aktivniju ulogu u pripremi narednih nacionalnih komunikacijao
population
opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
klimatskim
promjenama.
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

162

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Lista
grafikona
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
Grafikone-Services
1. Pojedinani
doprinosi
godinjem
rastu industrijske proizvodnje u BiH od 5,6% u 2011.
and to
lower the
cost.
Grafikon5.2.Pursuing
Proizvodnja
elektrinethat
energije
BiHguidelines
u fizikim and
jedinicama
GWh
approaches
followu EU
recommendations
will assist in the
aspects
of koritenja
the development of the Information Society in the EU
of different
Grafikonconvergence
3. Oranine povrine
prema
nainu
and SEE countries.
Grafikon 4. Proizvodnja umskih sortimenata u 1000 m u 2010. i 2011. godini
Grafikon 5. Emisije CO za razdoblje od 1990. do 2001. godine.
1.2.
About this report
2

Grafikon 6. Emisije CO2 % po sektorima za razdoblje od 1990. do 2001. godine.

Grafikon
7. Emisije
iz report
sektoraare:
energetike 1990-2001
The
specific
goals ofCO
this
2
Grafikon 8. Emisije CO2 industrijski procesi- 1990-2001
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
Grafikoninstruments
9. Ponori 1990-2001
and strategic level documents;
Grafikon2.10.
metanapicture
za razdoblje
1990-2001. for able-bodied people versus people
to Ukupne
develop emisije
a comparative
of e-Accessibility
disabilities;
Grafikonwith
11. Ukupne
emisije N2O za razdoblje 1990-2001.
to Emisije
assess the
current level
of e-Accessibility
andpo
e-Accessibility
stakeholders;
Grafikon3.12.
iz energetskog
i industrijskog
sektora
CRF kategorijama
4. to identify good practices in the region;
Grafikon 13. Ukupne SO2 emisije za razdoblje 1990-2001
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Grafikon- 14. Ukupne
NOthe
emisije
za razdoblje
1990-2001
x
address
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
comply
with
requirements
the UN and EU.
Grafikon- 15. Ukupne
CO
emisije
za period for
1990-2001
Grafikon 16. Ukupne NMVOC emisije za period 1990-2001
is part
of a largerzraka
project,
Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance,
GrafikonThis
17. report
Promjene
temperature
u Banjoj
Luci, Sarajevu
i Mostaru,
razdoblje
1961-2010.
godina
that
is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the
UNDP18.
Country
Office
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
DG/BDP
NY, and funded
Grafikon
Promjene
koliine
padavina
u Banjoj Luci,supported
Sarajevu iby
Mostaru,
1961-2010.
godinaby the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Grafikon 19. Prosjean broj tropskih dana (tmax>30C)
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
Grafikon action
20. Grafik
funkcije
raspodjele
maksimalnih
dnevnih
padavina
Banjoj Luci,
regional
planempirijske
for Information
Society
development,
and the
UNCRPD.
Theuprogrammatic
Mostaru
i
Sarajevu
za
razdoblje
1961-2011.
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
Grafikon 21. Meugodinje promjene SPI12 na meteorolokoj stanici Bijeljina
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Grafikon
22. Meugodinje
promjene
broja meteorolokih
sa SPI12<=-1
Secretariat,
capitalizing on
their existing
knowledge, stanica
networks
and resources. Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and the e-SEE
are positioned
within
the Social
Grafikon 23. Serija
srednjih
mjesenih protjecanja
rijekeSecretariat
Bosne u Maglaju,
s trendom,
te prosjena
vrijednost mjesenih padavina
(MS Sector.
Sarajevo,
MSUNDP
Zenica,
MS Tuzla)
s trendom
is(razdoblje
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
The
Country
Office
in Sarajevo
working closely
1961-2010)
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in
New York
providing
expertise
playing an advisory
role. Government-appointed
members
Grafikon
24. is
Ukupne
emisije
CO2 izand
elektroenergetskog
sektora
u BiH, za period 20102025.
premaof
S1, S2
i S3 scenariju
the
Regional
e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.
Grafikon 25.
Ukupne emisije CO iz sektora daljinskog grijanja u BiH, za period 20102025. prema
S1, S2 i S3 scenariju

163

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izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
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SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Grafikon 26. Ukupne emisije CO2 iz saobraajnog sektora u BiH, za period 20102025. prema S1,
S2 i S3 scenariju
Grafikon 27. Neto prosjeno godinje poniranje CO2 iz sektora umarstva u BiH, za period 20102025, prema S1, S2 i S3 scenariju

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Grafikon 28. Ukupne emisije CO2eq iz sektora poljoprivrede u BiH, za period 2010-2025, prema S1,
S2 i S3 scenariju
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Grafikon 29. Prosjene godinje emisije CO2 eq iz sektora otpada u BiH, za period 2010-2025, prema
requirements
it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
S1, S2 i S3 scenariju
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
Grafikon 30. Ukupne godinje emisije CO eq iz sektora energetike, daljinskog grijanja, saobraaja,
disability in general and e-Accessibility in 2particular.
poljoprivrede i otpada u BiH, za period 2010-2025, prema S1, S2 i S3 scenariju
Grafikon 31. Rezultati istrivanja javnosti o klimatskim promjenama

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

164

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Lista
tabela
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
Tabela 1.e-Services
Procjena stanovnitva
BiH
sredinom svake godine i prirodni prirataj
and to loweruthe
cost.
Tabela 2.5.Osnovni
ekonomski
pokazatelji
za BiH
u razdobljuand
2004-2009
Pursuing
approaches
that follow
EU guidelines
recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
Tabela 3.Uee entiteta u BDP-u BiH u %
and SEE countries.
Tabela 4. Vrijednost prodaje/isporuke industrijskih proizvoda u 2011. po podrujima djelatnosti i entitetima
Tabela 5. Spoljnotrgovinski indikatori za 2008 2011
1.2.
About this report

Tabela 6. Ukupna duina cestovne mree u Bosni i Hercegovini

The
specific
goals
of this report
are:
Tabela7.
Obimu
transporta
prema
pojedinanoj strukturi
Tabela 8. Obim eljeznikog transporta u Bosni i Hercegovini
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
Tabela 9.instruments
Stakleniki and
potencijal
za pojedinane
plinove za razdoblje od 100 godina
strategic
level documents;
eq
Tabela 10.
Emisije
GgaCO
2. to
develop
comparative
picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
2
with
disabilities;
Tabela 11.
Kljuni
izvori emisija po CRF kategorijama
3. to
assess the nesigurnost
current levelprorauna
of e-Accessibility
andue-Accessibility
2001. godini stakeholders;
Tabela 12.
Procijenjena
emisije CO
2
4. to identify good practices in the region;
Tabela 13.
Usporedba
podataka za for
2001.
godinu
5. to
develop aproraunatih
set of recommendations
government
and other stakeholders on how to:
- Promjene
address
the obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
Tabela 14.
temperature
zraka
(C) u Banjoj Luci, Sarajevu i Mostaru, 1961-2010. god.
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
Tabela 15. Promjene koliine padavina (mm) u Banjoj Luci, Sarajevu i Mostaru, 1961-2010. god.
Tabela 16. Promjena temperature u C SINTEX -5 model
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
Tabela 17. Promjena temperature po C ECHAM5 model
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
Tabela
18. Promjena
padavina
u % po
SINTEX
-5 modelu
the
UNDP
Country Office
in Bosnia
and
Herzegovina,
supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs
Democratic
Trust Fund
to support the South Eastern Europe region
Tabela 19.
Promjena Governance
padavina u %Thematic
po C ECHAM5
modelu
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
Tabela 20. Karakteristini pokazatelji slivnih i podslivnih podruja u BiH
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Tabela 21.ofStatistiki
nizova
protjecanja
rijeke
Bosne u Maglaju,
priorities
the projectparametri
are therefore
fullysrednjih
alignedmjesenih
with the targets
of e-SEE
Agenda+.
za razdoblje 1961-90. i 1991-2010. godina, te statistiki parametri mjesenih padavina na MS
Sarajevo
i MS
Zenica,
ista razdoblja
The
project
is za
being
implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on their
existing promjenama
knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Tabela 22. Mjere
prilagoavanja
klimatskim
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Tabela 23. Planirana izgradnja nekarbonskih postrojenja za proizvodnju elektrine energije u
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Federaciji BiH do 2025. od javnih elektroenergetskih preduzea
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Tabela
24. Potencijalno
smanjenjeand
emisije
metana
u rudnicima
mrkog uglja u centralnoj
Bosni,of
in
New York
is providing expertise
playing
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
members
vrijednost
certificiranog
smanjenja
emisija
i
iznos
potrebnih
investicija
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective
countries.
Tabela 25. Ukupno
instalirane snage u poljoprivredi postrojenja kogeneracija na biogas u BiH.
Tabela 26. Energetske utede u industriji koritenjem biomase (s biogasom) za kogeneraciju
165

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Tabela 27. Utede energije u vanijim oblastima potronje, koritenjem solarne energije (u PJ)
Tabela 28. Potronja GE u BiH u scenariju S1

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Tabela 29. Struktura GE u BiH prema S2 scenariju
Tabela 30. Struktura GE u BiH prema S3 scenariju

Tabela 31. Pregled scenarija razvoja sistema daljinskog grijanja (u PJ)


This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Tabela 32. Pregled emisija CO2 iz razliitih sistema centralnog grijanja za sva tri scenarija (u t)
requirements it sets in all aspects
of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
byTabela
a description
of thejedinice
major prema
instruments
and actions at the European Union level relating to
33. Stambene
tipu izgradnje
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Tabela 34. Priblina veliina stambene jedinice prema podruju
Tabela 35. Starost stambenog fonda

1.1.
Why
e-Accessibility?
Tabela 36.
Prosjena
grijana povrina i nain grijanja
e-Accessibility
is about
overcoming
the range
of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Tabela 37. Potrebna
energija
za grijanje
domainstava
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Tabela 38. Ukupna potronje energije u sektoru usluga
Society.
Tabela 39. Ukupan broj registrovanih drumskih motornih vozila u BiH, u periodu 2010-2011.
can
refer
to any motornih
type of ICT
used
by citizens,
and involves
everything
Tabelae-Accessibility
40. Struktura prvi
putpotentially
registrovanih
cestovnih
vozila
u BiH
za 2011. god.
prema kategorijama
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Tabela 41.Up
Povrina
uma iofostalog
umskogacross
zemljita
Bosni i Hercegovini
television.
to 15 percent
the population
the uEuropean
Union has a disability, such as a
visual,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor
impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
Tabelahearing,
42. Struktura
umskog
pokrivaa
u BiH
similar or higher proportion.
Tabela 43. Sekvestracijski kapacitet umskog pokrivaa u BiH
TabelaA44.
Sekvestracijski
poljoprivrednog
zemljita u BiH
perhaps
surprisingkapacitet
number of
international agreements,
regulations and guidelines cover
this
area.45.
AtPromjene
the highest
international
level, theproizvedenog
UNCRPD, ratified
andi coming
into force
in 2008, is
Tabela
u godinjim
koliinama
ukupnog
biorazgradivog
komunalnog
otpada,
na nivou
drave
(prema
metodologiji
iz Strategije
upravljanja vrstim
otpadom)
the
relevant
legal entiteta
context.i No
single
EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but actions
are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

166

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Lista
slika
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
Slika 1. Karta
Bosneand
i Hercegovine
e-Services
to lower the cost.
Slika 2. Gustina
naseljenosti
Bosne
prema popisu
stanovnitva iz 1991.
5. Pursuing
approaches
thati Hercegovine
follow EU guidelines
and recommendations
willgodine
assist in the
aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
convergence
Slika 3. Karta
dva slivaofudifferent
BiH
and SEE countries.
Slika 4. Nacionalni inventar emisija
Slika 5. Promjene godinjih temperatura zraka u Bosni i Hercegovini
1.2.
About this report
(poreenje razdoblja 1981-2010. u odnosu na 1961-1990.

Slikaspecific
6. Promjene
koliina
The
goals godinjih
of this report
are:padavina u Bosni i Hercegovini
(poreenje razdoblja 1981-2010. u odnosu na 1961-1990)
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
Slika 7. Prostorni
raspored
sue u jugoistonoj
Evropi (SPI3 za maj 2003)
instruments
and strategic
level documents;
Slika 8. Prostorni
raspored
sue u jugoistonoj
Evropi (SPI3 zafor
august
2000) people versus people
2. to develop
a comparative
picture of e-Accessibility
able-bodied
with disabilities;
Slika 9. Promjena
srednje godinje temperature u C (lijevo) i padavina u % (desno)
to assesssrednje
the current
leveltemperature
of e-Accessibility
and e-Accessibility
Slika 10.3.Promjena
godinje
u C (lijevo)
i padavina u %stakeholders;
(desno)
4. to identify good practices in the region;
Slika 11. Promjena srednje godinje temperature u C (lijevo) i padavina u % (desno)
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
Slika 12.- Rijena
mreathe
u BiH
address
obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply
with
requirements
for the UN and EU.
Slika 13.- Cestovna
mrea
u Bosni
i Hercegovini
Slika 14. eljeznika mrea u BiH
report
is part of
a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
Slika 15.This
umski
pokriva
u BiH
that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
Slika 16. Poljoprivredne povrine u BiH
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

167

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
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COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Lista skraenica

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
BDP

Bruto domai proizvod

BiH

Bosna i Hercegovina

This
section presents an
overviewBosne
of the
UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
BHAS Agencija
za statistiku
i Hercegovine
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
CDM Mehanizam istog razvoja
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability
in general and e-Accessibility
in particular.
CER Certificirano
smanjenje emisije
COP Konferencija strana Okvirne konvencije Ujedinjenih nacija za klimatske promjene (UNFCCC)

1.1.
Why e-Accessibility?
CORINAIR Metodologija
izrade inventara emisija u zrak (CORE Inventory of Air Emissions)

e-Accessibility
is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
CRF Unificirani obrazac za izvjetavanje
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
DNA Ovlateno dravno tijelo za CDM projekte
Society.
EBRD Evropska banka za obnovu i razvoj

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything

EC Evropska
komisija services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
from
websites for e-government

television.
Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
EE Energetska efikasnost
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
EEA Evropska
agencije za zatitu okolia
similar
or higher proportion.
EEC Evropska energetska zajednica

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover

EU Evropska
unija
this
area. At the highest international
level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is

the
legal context.
No single
EU directive
is unije
dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
EUrelevant
ETS Sistem
za trgovanje
emisijama
Evropske
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
FBiH
Federacija Bosne
i Hercegovine
(for
copyright exemptions),
and the
Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
isFDI Strane
also covered by policy,
andinvesticije
guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
direktne
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
FEPEE

Fond za zatitu okolia i energetsku efikasnost

There is at least
a five-fold
GCF Zeleni
klimatski
fondjustification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
GEF Globalni
fond
okolia
1. It is worthwhile
in za
itszatitu
own right
to improve access to services to people who are already

marginalized. It helps
fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
GHG Stakleniki
plinovi
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this

INC
Prvi nacionalni
o klimatskim
promjenama
area is likely
to furtherizvjetaj
marginalize
these groups.

IPA Instrument
pretpristupne
unija)
2. Improving access
to services,pomoi
public(Evropska
and private,
to such a significant proportion of the

population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

IPCC Meudravni panel o klimatskim promjenama

IPPC Integrisano spreavanje i reguliranje zagaivanja

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

168

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

KM Konvertibilna
able-bodied people;marka
it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
LCPD

prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
Direktiva o velikim postrojenjima za sagorijevanje

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.

LEAP Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning System

M&E 5. Pursuing
Praenje
i procjena (monitoring
evaluacija)
approaches
that follow iEU
guidelines and recommendations will assist in the

aspects
convergence of different
MMF Meunarodni
monetarni
fond of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

MRC Milenijumski razvojni ciljevi


MRV Mjerenje, izvjetavanje i verificiranje
1.2.
About this report
NAO Sjevernoatlantska oscilacija

The specific goals of this report are:

NEAP Akcijski plan za zatitu okolia


NEEAP Akcijski
planinternational
za energetskucontext
efikasnost
1. to outline the
regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal

instruments and strategic level documents;

NVO Nevladina organizacija

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;

OECD Organizacija za ekonomsku suradnju i razvoj

OIE Obnovljivi
energije
3. to assess the izvori
current
level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;

good practices
in the region;
PET 4. to identify
Potencijalna
evapotranspiracija

5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:

PPA Agencija
javne
nabavketo e-Accessibility;
address za
the
obstacles

comply with
requirements for the UN and EU.
QC Kontrola
kvaliteta
QA Osiguranje kvaliteta

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
REC Regionalni
za okoli
Centralnu i Istonu
Evropu)
the
UNDP Country Officecentar
in Bosnia
and (za
Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
REEEP
Partnerstvo za obnovljivu energiju i energetsku efikasnost
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
RS Republika
regional
action plan for Srpska
Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
R&D Istraivanje i razvoj

SEAP Akcijski plan energetski odrivog razvoja

The project is being


implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
SEE Jugoistona
Evropa
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
SHPP Mala hidroelektrana
Marginalised
Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
SMEs Mala i srednja
preduzea
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
SNC
Drugi nacionalni izvjetaj o klimatskim promjenama
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the
Regional e-Governance
Advisory
Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
SPI Standardni
indeks
padavina
respective countries.
SRES

Poseban izvjetaj o scenarijima emisija

169

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

SSP Sporazum o stabilizaciji i pridruivanju


UN Ujedinjene nacije

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
UNDAF Okvir razvojne pomoi Ujedinjenih nacija
UNDP Razvojni program Ujedinjenih nacija

UNFCCC Okvirna
Ujedinjenih
za klimatske
promjene and main sections, the
This
section presents konvencija
an overview
of the nacija
UNCRPD,
its significance
requirements
it sets in allmeteoroloka
aspects of e-Accessibility
WMO Svjetska
organizacija and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

170

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
Literatura
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services
and to lower
the cost.
UNFCCC:
Odluka 17/CP.8:
Smjernice
za izradu nacionalnih komunikacija za drave koje nisu
lanice Aneksa
I Konvencije
5. Pursuing
approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
Prvi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i Hercegovine u skladu sa Okvirnom konvencijom Ujedinjenih nacija
and SEE
countries.
o klimatskim promjenama. Banja Luka, oktobar 2009. godine.
REPORTING
ON CLIMATE
CHANGE
user manual for the guidelines on national communications
1.2.
About
this
report
from non-Annex I Parties, Bon, novembar 2003

The specific goals of this report are:


B&H Komitet za klimatske promjene, 2002: Dugoroni program BiH aktivnosti o implementaciji
UNFCCC za period 2002-2006.
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;
Energetska efikasnost i obnovljivi izvori energije na Balkanu, Grupa za nadgledanje Pakta o
stabilnosti,
godina.
2. to2005
develop
a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
Pregled stanja ivotne sredine Bosna i Hercegovina. UN Ekonomska komisija za Evropu. 2004.
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
www.unece.org/env/epr/countriesreviewed.htm
4. to identify good practices in the region;
to develop
a set
of recommendations
fori Hercegovine
government and
other stakeholders
on how to:
Zakoni o5.zatiti
ivotne
sredine
u Federaciji Bosne
i Republike
Srpske
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
- izvjetaj
comply
withi procjena
requirements
for thestanja
UN and
EU.
Tehniki
Opis
postojeeg
monitoring
ivotne sredine EU CARDS
RANSMO, maj 2005.
report
is part of apodataka:
larger project,
Groups inodboru,
e-Governance,
EIONETThis
Tokovi
prioritetnih
estiEmpowering
izvjetaj o Marginalised
progresu Upravnom
EEA,
that
is
being
implemented
in
the
context
of
the
e-SEE
Initiative.
It
is
a
regional
project
designed
by
Kopenhagen 2003.
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs
Democratic
Governance
Fundenergije
to support
the South
Eastern
Europe
region
Okvirni uslovi
energetske
politike Thematic
za trita Trust
elektrine
i obnovljive
izvore
energije:
Analiza
21the
drave.
Dio Bosna-Hercegovina.
GTZ,
jun 2004. Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
in
implementation
of the Inclusive
Information
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Evropska of
agencija
za ivotnu
sredinu,fully
2004:
Utjecaji
evropskih
klimatskih
promjena,
priorities
the project
are therefore
aligned
with
the targets
of e-SEE
Agenda+.EEA Izvjetaj
br. 2/2004, Danska.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Evropska komisija,
CARDSon
83816_2040836,
usluga
br. 2004/83816
RegionalniEmpowering
energetski
Secretariat,
capitalizing
their existingNabavka
knowledge,
networks
and resources.
pristup na zapadnom
- okolino
oslobaanje,
izvjetaj,
2004.
Marginalised
Groups Balkanu
in e-Governance
and
the e-SEE Finalni
Secretariat
are positioned
within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Geotermalni
izvori
na Country
Balkanu;Offices
Liz Battocletti,
Bobwhile
Lawrence
& Associates,
april 2001.
with
the fellow
UNDP
in the region,
the Office
of Senior inc.;
ICT Advisor
at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
IPCC, 2001: Trei izvjetaj o procjeni meuvladinog panela o klimatskim promjenama, Cambridge
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
University Press, Velika Britanija.
respective countries.

171

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

IPCC, 2001: Dobre praksa i Upravljanje nesigurnostima u nacionalnom inventaru gasova sa efektom
staklene bate, Cambridge University Press, Velika Britanija.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

IPCC, 2003: Vodi dobre prakse za upotrebu zemljita, Promjene namjene upotrebe zemljita i
uma. Institut za globalne strategije zatite ivotne sredine, Havana, Kanagva, Japan.

Kyoto Protokol za Okvirnu konvenciju o klimatskim promjenama Ujedinjenih nacija. http://unfccc.


This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
int/resource/docs/convkp/kpeng.pdf,
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
byMinistarstvo
a description
of the major
instruments
and actions
at theRepublike
EuropeanSrpske:
Union 2001
level Okrugli
relatingsto
to
prostornog
ureenja,
graevinarstva
i ekologije
disability
general konvencija
and e-Accessibility
in particular.
na temuin"Okvirna
o klimatskim
promjenama i Kyoto Protokol Prava i obaveze Bosne
i Hercegovine kao lana Konvencije: Zbornik radova, Urbanistiki zavod Republike Srpske, 2001,
Bosna i Hercegovina.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

Nacionalni akcioni
planovercoming
zatite ivotne
Bosna
Hercegovina
e-Accessibility
is about
the sredine
range of(NEAP),
barriers
that ipeople
with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Nacionalni akcioni plan za energetsku efikasnost (NEEAP), Bosna i Hercegovina, nacrt 2012
Society.
REC: Istraivanje o kapacitetima za izradu inventara gasova sa efektom staklene bate Bosna i
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Hercegovina. Izvjetaj pripremljen za Regionalni centar za zatitu ivotne okoline za Centralnu i
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Istonu Evropu. Bosna i Hercegovina, mart 2004. Martin Tais i Danica Spasova.
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
motor impairment,
and SEE
countries can expect to have a
UNFCCC:
Odluka
2/CP.7:
Okvir zaor
izgradnju
kapaciteta zemalja
u razvoju
similar or higher proportion.
Na putu za Montreal 2005: Meuvladin sastanak pod UNFCCC (COP 11) i Kyoto Protokol (COP/MOP
A perhaps
surprising
number
1) Izvjetaj
o procjeni
drave
Bosnaofi international
Hercegovina. agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the
relevant
legal context.
single
EU directive
is dedicated
to e-Accessibility,
but
actions are
Izvjetaj
o stanju
okolia uNo
Bosni
i Hercegovini
2012,
Ministarstvo
vanjske trgovine
i ekonomskih
odnosa,
Fond areas
za dostizanje
ciljeva, Sarajevo,
2012
spread
across
such asmilenijskih
Television razvojnih
Without Frontiers
(for subtitling),
the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
za statistiku
Bosne
i Hercegovine,
Tematski
bilteni i saoptenja
razliite oblasti,
www.
isAgencija
also covered
by policy,
and
guidelines and
benchmarking
exist for za
programmatic
support.
bhas.ba
Furthermore,
moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Ministarstvo vanjske trgovine i ekonomskih odnosa, Bosna i Hercegovina, Analiza vanjskotrgovinske
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
razmjene Bosne i Hercegovine za 2010. godinu, Sarajevo, 2010;
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
Evropska Komisjia, Izvjetaj o napretku Bosne i Hercegovine u 2010. godini, Strategija proirenja i
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
kljuni izazovi, Brisel, 2010;
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area
is likely Izvjetaj
to further
marginalize
these
groups.
Evropska
komisjia,
o napretku
Bosne
i Hercegovine
u 2011. godini, Strategija proirenja i
kljuni2.izazovi
2011.-2012
, Brisel,
Improving
access{COM(2011)666}
to services, public
and 2011;
private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
Evropska
komisija,
Hercegovina
2012 izvjetaj o napretku, Proirenje strategije i vodei
their
remit inBosna
a cost ieffective
manner.
izazovi 2012-2013 {COM(2012) 600}, Brisel, 2012
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

172

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied
people;
it can reduce
the cost
of web
service
development,
andMinistarstvo
enhance the
Napredak
u realizaciji
Milenijumskih
razvojnih
ciljeva
u Bosni
i Hercegovini
2010,
trezora iprospects
finansija BiH,
UN
tim
u
BiH,
Sarajevo,
2010
for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
Ministarstvo vanjske trgovine i ekonomskih odnosa, Bosna i Hercegovina, Izvjetaj iz oblasti
e-Services and to lower the cost.
poljoprivrede za Bosnu i Hercegovinu za 2010. godinu , Sarajevo, 2011;
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
Ministarstvo
vanjske of
trgovine
i ekonomskih
odnosa,
Bosna iofHercegovina,
Izvjetaj
aspects of the
development
the Information
Societyizinoblasti
the EU
convergence
different
poljoprivrede
za
Bosnu
i
Hercegovinu
za
2011.
godinu
,
Sarajevo,
2012;
and SEE countries.
Ministarstvo vanjske trgovine i ekonomskih odnosa, Bosna i Hercegovina, Strateki plan BiH za
harmonizaciju poljoprivrede, prehrane i ruralnog razvoja (2008-2011.);

1.2. About this report

Prvi specific
nacionalni
izvjetaj
i Hercegovine za Konvenciju o biolokoj raznolikosti, Federalno
The
goals
of this Bosne
report are:
Ministarstvo okolia i turizma, Sarajevo, 2008;
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
Godinji izvjetaj Generalnog sekretara Savjeta regionalne saradnje o regionalnoj saradnji u
instruments and strategic level documents;
Jugoistonoj Evropi, 2011-2012, Sarajevo, maj 2012
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
disabilities;
Doprinoswith
Radnoj
grupi III za etvrti izvjetaj o procjeni Meuvladinog panela o klimatskim
promjenama. Bert Metz (kopredsjednik Radne grupe III, Holandska Agencija za procjenu ivotne
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
okoline), Ogunlade Davidson (kopredsjenik Radne grupe III, Univerzitet u Siera Leone) (2007):
4. to identify good practices in the region;
Klimatske promjene 2007 ublaavanje klimtskih promjena.
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Meudravni panel o klimatskim promjenama (IPCC). Radna grupa III: Ublaavanje klimatskih
- Sektorski
complyekonomski
with requirements
the UN and
EU.
promjena:
trokovi for
i beneficije
ublaavanja
emisija gasova staklene bate
Eisenach, Njemaka, 14-15 February 2000.
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
Meudravni panel o klimatskim promjenama (IPCC). Izvjetaj o Zajednikom IPCC sastanku
that
is being
implemented
the context
e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional
project
designed by
eksperata
Radne
grupe II iinRadne
grupe of
IIIthe
o integracijiprilagoavanja
klimatskim
promjenama,
the
UNDP Country
Office
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP
NY,
and funded
by the
ublaavanja
i odrivog
razvoja
u 4-ti IPCC
Izvjetaj o procjeni.
St Denis,
Reunion
Island,
Francuska,
UNDPs
Democratic
februar 16
18, 2005.Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional
action
plan
for Information
Society (IPCC).
development,
andizthe
UNCRPD.
The programmatic
Meudravni
panel
o klimatskim
promjenama
Sporazumi
Kankuna.
Ublaavanje.
Zvanina
priorities
of the project
are therefore
fully aligned
with the
targets of e-SEE
Agenda+. klimatskih
objava Kompilacije
informacija
o dravno
prihvatljivim
aktivnostima
za ublaavanje
promjena koje e biti primjenjene u zemljama u razvoju. 18.03.2011.: Kompilacija informacija o
project isaktivnostima
being implemented
by theklimatskih
Sarajevo-based
UNDP-funded
e-SEE Initiative
dravnoThe
prihvatljivim
za ublaavaje
promjena
koje e primjeniti
lanice
Secretariat,
capitalizing
on
their
existing
knowledge,
networks
and
resources.
Empowering
koje nisu ukljuene u Aneks I Konvencije.
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Meudravni panel o Governance
klimatskim promjenama
(IPCC).
RadnaOffice
grupainIII:
Ublaavanje
klimatskih
Inclusion/Democratic
Sector. The UNDP
Country
Sarajevo
is working
closely
promjena:
Ekonomski
utjecaj Offices
mjera za
ublaavanje:
Zbornik
radova
IPCC sastanka
eksperata
o
with
the fellow
UNDP Country
in the
region, while
the Office
of Senior
ICT Advisor
at the BDP
ekonomskom
za ublaavanje.
Hague, Holandija,
27-28 May, 1999. members of
in
New York is utjecaju
providingmjera
expertise
and playingThe
an advisory
role. Government-appointed
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Ublaavanje
klimatskih promjena u zemljama u razvoju: Brazil, Kina, Indija, Meksiko, Juna Afrika
respective
countries.
i Turska. Pripremljeno za Pew Centar za globalne klimatske promjene. 3. oktobar 2002.
173

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Okvirna konvencija o klimatskim promjenama. Ad Hoc Radna grupa o dugoronoj zajednikoj


aktivnosti pod Konvnecijom kompilacije informacija o dravno prihvatljivim aktivnostima za ublaavaje
klimatskih promjena koje e primjeniti lanice koje nisu ukljuene u Aneks I Konvencije.18. mart 2011.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Okvirna konvencija o klimatskim promjenama Ujedinjenih nacija. Utjecaji, ranjivosti i prilagoavanje


u zemljama u razvoju.

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
Okvirna konvencija o klimatskim promjenama Ujedinjenih nacija. Ad Hoc Radna grupa o dugoronoj
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
zajednikoj aktivnosti pod Konvnecijom. Pogledi na evaluaciju razliitih pristupa u unapreenju
byisplativosti
a description
of thenamajor
instruments
and actions
ati the
European
Union
relating to
aktivnosti
ublaavanju
klimatskih
promjena
njihova
promocija.
21 level
mart 2011.
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Okvirna konvencija o klimatskim promjenama Ujedinjenih nacija. Ad Hoc Radna grupa o dugoronoj
zajednikoj aktivnosti pod Konvnecijom. Pogledi na elaboraciju trino zasnovanih i netrino
zasnovanih mehanizama i evaluacija razliitih pristupa u unapreenju isplativosti aktivnosti na
ublaavanju klimatskih
promjena i njihova
promocija.
21 mart
e-Accessibility
is about overcoming
the range
of barriers
that 2011.
people with disabilities and others

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Razvojni program Ujedinjenih nacija (UNDP): Izvjetaj o humanom razvoju 2007/2008. Borba protiv
Society.
klimatskih promjena: Ljudska solidarnost u podijeljenom svijetu.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Program Ujedinjenih nacija za razvoj (UNDP) u Hrvatskoj. Izvjee o drutvenom razvoju, Hrvatska
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
2008.: Dobra klima za dobre promjene Klimatske promjene i njihove posljedice na drutvo i
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
gospodarstvo Hrvatske. Zagreb, 2009.
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar
or higher
proportion.
Prvi izvjetaj
Republike
Srbije prema Okvirnoj konvenciji Ujedinjenih nacija o promeni klime.
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international
and guidelines
cover
Saetak
za donositelje
politike
slubeno
odobren naagreements,
10. sjednici regulations
1. radne skupine
IPCC-a, Pariz,
this
area. 2007.
At thePromjene
highest international
level, the
UNCRPD,
ratified
andPaveli
coming
intoOctopus,
force in 2008,
is
februar
klime 2007.: Fizika
osnova.
Prijevod:
Andrea
aji;
Zagreb.
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Saetak
za donositelje
politike
slubenoWithout
odobren
na 10. sjednici
1. radne the
skupine
IPCC-a,
Pariz,
spread
across
areas such
as Television
Frontiers
(for subtitling),
Copyright
Directive
februar
2007.
Promjene
klime
2007.:
Utjecaji,
Prilagodba
i
Ranjivost.
Doprinos
2.
radne
skupine
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
izvjeu
procjeni
Meuvladine
o promjenama
klime.
Andreasupport.
Paveli
isetvrtom
also covered
by opolicy,
and
guidelines komisije
and benchmarking
exist
for Prijevod:
programmatic
aji; Octopus,
Zagreb.
Furthermore,
moves
are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Strategija upravljanja vodama FBiH, FMPV, Sarajevo, 2009
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
Okvirni plan razvoja vodoprivrede RS, MPV RS, Bijeljina, 2006
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
Prostorni plan FBiH, Federalno ministarstvo prostornog ureenja, Sarajevo/Mostar, 2011
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
is likely to further
these groups.
Okvirnaarea
vodoprivredna
osnova marginalize
BiH, JVP Vodopriovreda
BiH, Sarajevo, 1994.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
Amelung.
B., Viner.
D (in
Amelung.market/sales
B., Blazejczyk.
K., Matzarakis.
A). help
Ranjivost
klimatske
population
opens
significant
opportunities,
and can
public na
services
fulfil
promjene
Mediterana
kao
turistike
destinacije:
Klimatske
promjene
i
turzam

procjena
i
strategije
their remit in a cost effective manner.
prevazilaenja, 2007.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

174

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

people;
can reduceu the
cost of webatmosferi
service development,
and enhance
the
urevicable-bodied
V and Rajkovi
B: itVerifikacija
kombinovanoj
okeanski model
koristei
satelitsko
posmatranje
preko
Jadranskog
mora
,
Annales
Geophysicae,
26/7
(2008),
1935-1954,
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
doi: 10.5194/angeo-26-1935-2008.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
urevi V and Rajkovi B: Development of the EBU-POM coupled regional climate model and results
from climate
changeapproaches
experiments,
Advances
in Environmental
Modeling and Measurements
5. Pursuing
thatinfollow
EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist in the
(Environmental
Research
Advances)
eds.
Mihajlovic
T
D
and
Lalic
B,
Nova
Science
Publishers
Inc,
EU
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the
Ch. 3, (2010)
ISBN:
978-1-60876-599-7
and SEE countries.
Krzic A, Tosic I, urevi V, Veljovic K, Rajkovi B: Promjene klimatskih indeksa za Srbiju u skladu
sa SRES-A1B i SRES-A2 scenarijima
Climate Research, 49/1 (2011), 73-86, doi: 10.3354/cr01008

1.2. About this report

The specific goals of this report are:


urevi V i Rajkovi B: Opis EBU-POM spojenih regionalnih modela i rezultati iz vremenski
isparanih
eksperimenata
o klimatskimcontext
promjenama
za region
Mediterana.including existing legal
1. to
outline the international
regarding
e-Accessibility
instruments and strategic level documents;
ESF-MedCLIVAR radni seminar Modeliranje klimatskih promjena za region Mediterana , Trieste,
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
Italij (2008).
with disabilities;
Hansen, Sato, and Reudy, Percepcija klimatskih promjena: Upravljanje rizicima ekstremnih
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
dogaaja i katastrofa za napredno prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama, IPCC, 2012.
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
McKee T. B., Doesken N. J., Kleist. (1993): Frekventnost i trajanje sue u odnosu na vremenski period,
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Osma konferencija o primjenjenoj klimatologiji , 17-22 januay 1993, Anaheim, California, 1-6.
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.
Smit et al., Prilagoavanje, kapaciteti za prilagoavanje i ranjivost , Global Environmental Change
vol 16, 2006.
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
that
implemented
in the
context ofpromjena
the e-SEE
It is a regional
project designed
TrbicisG.being
(2008):
Direktni utjecaj
klimatskih
naInitiative.
usluge biodiverziteta
i ekosistema
u Bosniby
the
UNDP Country
Office
in Bosnia
and Herzegovina,
by DG/BDP
NY, and funded by the
i Hercegovini,
Evropski
centar
za konzervaciju
prirode,supported
Tilburg, Holandija,
31-35.
UNDPs
Governance
Thematic
Trustpromjene
Fund to support
South Eastern
Europe
region
Trbi G, Democratic
Duci V, Rudan
N (2009):
Regionalne
koliinathe
padavina
u Republici
Srpskoj,
in
the implementation
of the
Inclusive
Information
Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
Herald
br. 13, Geografsko
drutvo
RS, Banja
Luka, 71-78.
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities
of the
therefore promjene
fully aligned
with the
targets of
Trbic G et
all. project
(2010): are
Regionalne
koliina
padavina
u e-SEE
Bosni Agenda+.
i Hercegovini, 6-ta
Meunarodna nauna konferencija posveena Meunarodnom danu plantete Zemlje, april 2010,
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Sofia, Bugarska.
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
and thepromjena
e-SEE Secretariat
are hrane
positioned
within
the Social
Trbi, G, Vojinovi,
Dj. (2011):
Utjecaj klimatskih
na proizvodnju
u Bosni
i Hercegovini,
Poglavlje knjige: Utjecaji
klimatskihSector.
promjena
proizvodnju
Zapadnog
Balkana,
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
Thena
UNDP
Countryhrane
Officeuinregionu
Sarajevo
is working
closely
Regionalni
centar
za ivotnu
Hungary.
2011.
24-42.
with
the fellow
UNDP
Countryokolinu
OfficesBudapest,
in the region,
while the
Office
of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
Spasova
D., Trbic
G., Trkulja
V., Majstorovic
(2007): Studija
za procjenu Focal
utjecaja
klimatskih
the
Regional
e-Governance
Advisory
TaskforceZ.(REGATA)
act as government
Points
for their
promjena
na
poljoprivredu
i
razvoj
strategija
za
prilagoavanje
u
Bosni
i
Hercegovini,
Unapreenje
respective countries.
regionalne saradnje JIE u oblasti klimatske politike, Banja Luka, 1-36.
175

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Okvirni plan aktivnosti za prilagoavanje klimatskim promjenama Jugoistone Evrope, JIE


Subregionalni virtuelni centar za klimatske promjene u Republikom hidrometeorolokom zavodu
Srbije, Regionalni centar zaivotnu okolinu za Centralnu i Istonu Evropu, novembar 2008.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch3s3-4-3.html

http://www.dmcsee.org/en/spi_vasclimo/?year=1983&month=Dec&TimeScale=12
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
http://www.dmcsee.org/en/spi/?year=2003&month=Dec&TimeScale=12
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

176

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:
1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
instruments and strategic level documents;

Aneks 1

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

Multilateralni ugovori u
oblasti ivotne sredine

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

177

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

178

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people;
it can
reduce kolia
the cost koje
of web
development,
and enhance the
Multilateralni
ugovori
u oblasti
je service
BiH ratificirala
sukcesijom
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4.MULTILATERALNI
The earlier action
is taken,
to integrate
e-Accessibility
development of
UGOVORI
U the easier it is
MJESTO
I GODINA
DATUMinto
RATIFICIRANJA
OBLASTI
OKOLIA
USVAJANJA
(sukcesijom)
e-Services and to lower the cost.
Konvencija o barskim i movarnim podrujima
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines
and recommendations
will assist in the
od meunarodnog znaaja, posebno stanitima
Ramsar, 1971.
1. mart 1992.
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
vodotokova

andoSEE
countries.prekograninom
Konvencija
dalekosenom
zagaenju zraka

Protokol o dugoronom financiranju programa


1.2.
About this report
suradnje za praenje i procjenu dalekosene
transmisije zagaivaa vazduha u Evropi (EMER)

The
specifico goals
of this report
are:
Konvencija
meunarodnoj
pomorskoj
organizaciji

eneva, 1979.

1. septembar 1993.

eneva, 1984.

1. septembar 1993.

eneva, 1948.

16. jula 1993.

1. to
outline the international
Konvencija
o meunarodnoj
civilnoj avijaciji,context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal
ikago, 1944.
13. januar 1993.
aneks 16instruments
- avionska buka
and strategic level documents;
Konvencija o zatiti ozonskog omotaa

Be, 1985.
1. septembar 1993.
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied
people versus people
Protokolwith
o supstancama
koje
oteuju
ozonski
disabilities;
Montreal, 1987.
1. septembar 1993.
omota

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;

Amandmani Montrealskom protokolu prema


4.Ugovornih
to identifystrana
good spractices
in the region;
dogovoru
drugog sastanka

London, 1990.

11. avgust 2003.

5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:

Amandmani na Montrealski protokol prema


Kopenhagen, 1992.
- Ugovornih
address
thes etvrtog
obstacles
to e-Accessibility;
dogovoru
strana
sastanka

11. avgust 2003.

withprotokol
requirements
Amandmani
na comply
Montrealski
prema for the UN and EU.
Montreal, 1997.
dogovoru Ugovornih strana s devetog sastanka

11. avgust 2003.

Amandmani na Montrealski protokol prema


This
report is
part sofjedanaestog
a larger project, Empowering
Groups
e-Governance,
dogovoru
Ugovornih
strana
Peking, Marginalised
1999.
Nijeinusvojeno
sastanka
that
is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by

the
UNDP Country
Office
in Bosnia and Herzegovina,
supported
by DG/BDP NY,
and funded
Konvencija
UN-a o pravu
mora
Zaliv Montego,
1982.
12. januar
1994. by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
Konvencija o zatiti Sredozemnog mora od
1976. Area of the1.e-SEE
mart 1992.
inzagaenja
the implementation of the Inclusive Information Barselona,
Society Priority
Agenda+, the
regional
plan for
Information
Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
Protokolaction
o spreavanju
zagaenja
Sredozemnog
Barselona, 1976.
1. mart 1992.
priorities
of the project
therefore
fully aligned with
the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
mora potapanjem
otpadaare
iz brodova
i aviona
Protokol o saradnji u borbi protiv zagaivanja
The project
is being
implemented
UNDP-funded
e-SEE
Sredozemnog
mora naftom
i ostalim
tetnim by the Sarajevo-based
Kuvajt, 1978.
1. mart
1992. Initiative
materijama u capitalizing
sluaju nesree
Secretariat,
on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering

Marginalised
Groups
in e-Governance
Protokol o zatiti
Sredozemnog
mora od and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Atina, 1980.
22. oktobar 1994.
zagaenja iz kopnenih izvora
(LSB) Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Inclusion/Democratic
Governance
with
the fellow
UNDP
Countrypodrujima
Offices in ithe region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
Protokol
o posebno
zatienim
eneva, 1982.
22. oktobar 1994.
raznovrsnosti
Sredozemnog
mora
inbiolokoj
New York
is providing
expertise and
playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the
Regional
e-Governance
Taskforce
(REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Protokol
o posebno
zatienimAdvisory
podrujima
i
biolokoj
raznovrsnosti
Sredozemnog
mora
Barselona, 1995.
12. decembar 1999.
respective countries.
Mediterana

179

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

MULTILATERALNI UGOVORI U
OBLASTI OKOLIA

MJESTO I GODINA
USVAJANJA

DATUM RATIFICIRANJA
(sukcesijom)

Konvencija o zatiti svjetske kulturne i prirodne


batine

Pariz, 1972.

12. juli 1993.

Konvencija o korienju bijelog olova u bojama

eneva, 1921.

2. juni 1993.

eneva, 1957.

1. septembar 1993.

Be, 1979.

30. juni 1998.

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Evropski sporazum o meunarodnom prevozu

opasne
robe presents
cestom (ADP)
This
section
an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements
it setslana
in all (14)
aspects
of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
Protokol o izmjeni
Evropskog
o meunarodnom
opasne and actions
Njujork,
1975.
1. septembar
1993. to
by sporazuma
a description
of the majorprevozu
instruments
at the
European Union
level relating
robe cestom (ADP)
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Konvencija o fizikoj zatiti nuklearnog
materijala

Konvencija
o ribolovu
i o ouvanju biolokih
1.1.
Why
e-Accessibility?
eneva, 1958.
bogatstava otvorenog mora

12. januar 1994.

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
Konvencija o teritorijalnom moru i spoljanjem
1958.on equal terms
1. septembar
1993.
such
as older populations experience when seeking to eneva,
participate
in the Information
pojasu
Society.
Konvencija o kontinentalnom grebenu

eneva, 1958.

12. januar 1994.

Konvencija
o otvorenom
eneva,
1958.
1. septembar
1993.
e-Accessibility
canmoru
potentially refer to any type of
ICT used
by citizens, and
involves everything
Konvencija
o zatiti
radnika od profesionalnih
from
websites
for e-government
services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
rizika u radnom okruenju uzrokovanih
eneva, 1977.
2. juni 1993.
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
zagaenjem zraka, bukom i vibracijama
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
Ugovor o zabrani smjetaja nuklearnog oruja
London, Moskva,
similar
or higher proportion.
i ostalog oruja za masovno unitenje na dno
15. avgust 1994.
mora i okeana i u njihovo podzemlje

Vaington D.C., 1971.

A perhaps
surprising
number
of international agreements,
guidelines
Ugovor
o neprofilaciji
nuklearnog
oruja
Njujork, 1968. regulations and
15. avgust
1994. cover

this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
Konvencija o ranoj dojavi nuklearne nesree
Be, 1986.
30. juni 1998.
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Konvencija o pomoi u sluaju nuklearne
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers
Directive
Be, (for
1986.subtitling), the Copyright
30. juni 1998.
nesree ili radiolokog opasnosti
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
Konvencija o zabrani razvoja, proizvodnje
London, Moskva,
is also
covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking
exist for programmatic
support.
i skladitenja bakteriolokog (biolokog) i
15. avgust 1994.
Vaington
D.C.,
1972.
Furthermore,
moves
are afoot
to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
toksinog oruja
i njihovo
unitenju
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

180

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people;
it can
reduce okolia
the cost koji
of web
development,
Multilateralni
ugovori
u oblasti
su service
ratificirani
u BiH and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
UGOVORI
U the easier it is
MJESTO
I GODINA
DATUM
4.MULTILATERALNI
The earlier action
is taken,
to integrate
e-Accessibility into
development of
OBLASTI OKOLIA
USVAJANJA
RATIFICIRANJA u BiH
e-Services and to lower the cost.

Okvirna konvencija UN o klimatskim


Rio de aneiro,
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines
and 1992.
recommendations 2000
will assist in the
promjenama

of the Information Society


in the EU
convergence of different aspects of the development
Kjoto, 1997.
2007
and SEE countries.

Kjoto protokol

Meunarodna konvencija za zatitu biljaka

Konvencija o kontroli prekograninog kretanja


opasnog otpada i njegovog odlaganja

1.2. About this report


Konvencija UN o biolokoj raznovrsnosti

The
specific
goals of this
reportbezbjednosti
are:
Protokol
iz Kartagine
o biolokoj

Rim,1951.

2003

Bazel, 1989.

2001

Rio de aneiro, 1992.

2002

Kartagina, 2000.

2009

Konvencija UN o borbi protiv dezertifikacije u


1. stovelikim
outline
the international
context regarding
including
existing legal
zemljama
suama
i/ili dezertifikacijom,
Pariz, e-Accessibility
1994.
2002
posebnoinstruments
u Africi
and strategic level documents;
Konvencija o saradnji radi zatite i odrivog
Sofija, 1994.
2005
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility
for able-bodied people
versus people
koritenja rijeke Dunav

with disabilities;

Konvencija o uspostavljanju evropske i


Pariz, 1955.
2005
sredozemne
zatitulevel
biljaka
3. to organizacije
assess the za
current
of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;

4. toUNECE-a
identify ogood
practices
in the region;
Konvencija
pristupu
informacijama,
ueu 5.
javnosti
u procesu
odluivanja
i pristupu
Arhus, 1998.and other stakeholders
2008 on how to:
to develop
a set
of recommendations
for government
pravosudnim organima iz oblasti okolia
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
Protokol- o registru
zagaivaa
i dometu
comply
with requirements
for the UN and
EU.
Kijev,
2003.
zagaenja (PRTR)

2003

Konvencija o persistentnim organskim


Stokholm, 2001.
2010
polutantima
This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,
Konvencija
meunarodnoj trgovini
ugroenim
that
is beingo implemented
in the context
of the e-SEE
Initiative.
It is a regional project
Vaington
D.C., 1973.
2009 designed by
vrstama divlje flore i faune (CITES)
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
Konvencija
o procjeni Governance
prekograninog
utjecaja Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
UNDPs
Democratic
Thematic
ESRO, 1991.
2009
na okoli
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
Protokol action
o stratekoj
okolia Society development,
Kijev, 2003.
2003
regional
planprocjeni
for Information
and the UNCRPD. The
programmatic
Konvencija
ouvanju
evropskih
prirodnih
vrsta
priorities
ofothe
project
are therefore
fully
aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
i prirodnih stanita

Bern, 1979.

2008

project
is being
by theKranjska
Sarajevo-based
e-SEE Initiative
OkvirniThe
sporazum
o slivu
rijeke implemented
Save
gora, 2002.UNDP-funded2003
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Konvencija o zatiti i korienju prekograninih
Helsinki,
1992. are positioned within
2009 the Social
Marginalised
Groups in e-Governance
and the e-SEE
Secretariat
vodotoka i meunarodnih
jezera
Inclusion/Democratic
Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
Izmjene lanova 25 i 26 Governance
Konvencija o zatiti
with
the fellow
UNDP Country
Offices
the2003.
Office of Senior ICT Advisor
i koritenju
prekograninih
vodotoka
i in the region, while
Madrid,
2010 at the BDP
meunarodnih
jezera
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
Konvencija
the
Regionalo prekograninim
e-Governance utjecajima
Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
Helsinki, 1992.
Nije usvojen
industrijskih
incidenata
respective countries.

181

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

MULTILATERALNI UGOVORI U
OBLASTI OKOLIA

MJESTO I GODINA
USVAJANJA

DATUM
RATIFICIRANJA u BiH

Protokol o graanskoj odgovornosti i kompenzaciji


za tetu uzrokovanu prekograninim utjecajima
industrijskih nesrea na prekogranine
vode, Konvenciji iz 1992. o zatiti i koritenju
Kijev, 2003.
2003
prekograninih vodotoka i meunarodnih jezera
i Konvenciji
1992. o prekograninim
utjecajima
This
sectioniz presents
an overview
of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
industrijskih incidenata

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
konvencija
Evrope
o vrijednosti and actions at the European Union level relating to
byOkvirna
a description
of Savjeta
the major
instruments
Faro, 2005.
2009
kulturne batine za drutvo
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.
Ugovor o energetskoj povelji

Lisabon, 1994.

2001

Lisabon, 1994.
efikasnosti
i pripadajuim
aspektima okolia
1.1.
Why
e-Accessibility?

2001

Energetska povelja - Protokol o energetskoj

Konvencija o bezbjednosti
i zdravlju u rudnicima
eneva,
1995.
2010 and others
e-Accessibility
is about overcoming
the range of barriers
that
people with disabilities
Konvencija
bezbjednosti iexperience
zdravlju u when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
such
as oldero populations
eneva, 2001.
2010
poljoprivredi
Society.
Konvencija o radu u sektoru ribarstva

eneva, 2007.

2010

e-Accessibility
canvelikih
potentially
refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
Konvencija
o spreavanju
industrijskih
eneva, 1993.
2010
nesrea
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
Evropska Up
konvencija
o krajoliku
Firenca,
2000. across the
Firenca,
2000. Union has a disability,
2010 such as a
television.
to 15 percent
of the
population
European
visual,
hearing,
speech,
cognitive,
or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
Konvencija
o zabrani
korienja,
skladitenja,
proizvodnje
i prevozu
protivpjeadijskih mina i o
Oslo 1997
1998
similar
or higher
proportion.
njihovom unitenju

Konvencija
o prethodno
informisanoj
saglasnosti
A perhaps
surprising
number
of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
procedura za odreene opasne hemikalije i
Roterdam, 1998
2007
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
pesticide u meunarodnom saobraaju

the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
Konvencija o meunarodnoj trgovini ugroenim
Vaington(for
DC, subtitling),
1973
2009 Directive
spread
across
such . as Television Without Frontiers
the Copyright
vrstama
divlje areas
flore i faune
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
I Amandman Konvencije o meunarodnoj
is trgovini
also covered
by vrstama
policy, divlje
and flore
guidelines
ugroenim
i faune and benchmarking
Bon, 1979 exist for programmatic
2009 support.
(lan XI)
Furthermore,
moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
Evropski okvir konvencije o prekograninoj
saradnji
izmeu
i
Madrid,
1980
2008
There
is ati 1980
leastteritorijalnih
a five-fold zajednica
justification
for early
action
in the area of e-Accessibility:
vlasti

Konvencija
1. It oismeunarodnom
worthwhile in prevozu
its own robe
right to improve access
to services to people who
Bern, 1980.
1996 are already
eljeznicom

marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
Izvor: Program UN-a za zatitu ivotne sredine, Pregled pravnog i institucionalnog
area is likely to further marginalize
these
groups.
okvira za zatitu
okolia
u BiH, 2011.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

182

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

1.2. About this report


The specific goals of this report are:

Aneks 2

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;
2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people
with disabilities;
3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;
4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

Zbirne godinje tabele


(1991-2001) inventara gasova
staklene bate

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.
The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative
Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

183

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

184

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

4,23

0,00

393,75

393,75

397,98

SO2

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,59

0,00

23,17

23,17

23,76

NMVOC

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

11,72
0,35

0,00

NE

NE

NE

The specific goals of this report are:

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NE

1.2. About this report

NE

76,80

0,00

126,76

126,76
76,80

138,48
77,15

(Gg)

CO

NOx

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1991.

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

NE

NE

NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;

HFCs

NE

NE

NE

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00
0,00

0,00
47,26

0,00
0,00

7,30
83,79

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00
0,00

0,52

75,36

1,09

1,09
75,88

8,39
206,93

CH4

N2O

NE

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

NE

NE

NE

NE

0.00

0.00
6. Otpad

0.00

-7.689,00
0.00

0.00
4. Poljoprivreda

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

NE

2.499,85

0.00

21.350,45

NE

21.350,45

0.00

-7.689,00
23.850,30

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

CO2

CO2

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Mornarica

Avijacija

Meunarodna spremita

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

1. Energija

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

KATEGORIJE

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

185

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

0,00

0,00
0,00

61,55

0,00

9,32

9,32
61,55

9,32
61,55

(Gg)

CO

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1992.

NMVOC

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,03

0,00

124,77

124,77

124,80

SO2

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

27,43

27,43

27,43
NE

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NOx

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

NE

NE

NE

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
0,00

0,00

0,00

5,04

NE

0,00

0,00

0,11

0,11

NE

NE
5,15
144,62

N2O

HFCs

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0.00

0.00

0.00

NE

0,00

32,40

0,00
-10.147,00

0.00
0.00

NE

42.04

0.00

5.891,28

NE

5.891,28

0.00

89,34

0,00

21,24

1,64

22,88

-10.147,00
5.933,32

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

CO2

CO2

CH4

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Meunarodna spremita

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

Mornarica

Avijacija

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

6. Otpad

4. Poljoprivreda

1. Energija

KATEGORIJE

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

186

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

29,19

29,19

29,19

SO2

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

0,48

0,48

0,48

NMVOC

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

0,00
0,00

0,00

NE

NE

NE

The specific goals of this report are:

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NE

1.2. About this report

NE

6,00

0,00

0,67

0,67
6,00

0,67
6,00

(Gg)

CO

NOx

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1993.

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

NE

NE

NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;

HFCs

NE

NE

NE

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00
0,00

0,00
17,90

0,00
0,00

2,36
24,24

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00
0,00

0,60

7,45

0,05

0,05
8,05

2,41
50,19

CH4

N2O

NE

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00
6. Otpad

0.00

-10.568,00
0,00

0,00
4. Poljoprivreda

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

NE

0,00

0,00

2.208,48

NE

2.208,48

0.00

-10.568,00
2.208,48

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

CO2

CO2

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Mornarica

Avijacija

Meunarodna spremita

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

1. Energija

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

KATEGORIJE

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

187

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

0,00

0,00
0,00

0,65

0,00

0,52

0,52
0,65

0,52
0,65

(Gg)

CO

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1994.

NMVOC

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

31,66

31,66

31,66

SO2

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

6,57

6,57

6,57
NE

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NOx

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

NE

NE

NE

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
0,00

0,00

0,00

2,70

NE

0,00

0,00

0,05

0,05

NE

NE
2,75

N2O

HFCs

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

0.00

NE

0,00

21,60

0,00
-10.081,00

0.00
0,00

NE

0,00

0,00

2.426,14

NE

2.426,14

0,00

27,04

0,00

7,63

0,64

8,27

-10.081,00
2.426,14

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

CO2

CO2

CH4

56,91

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Meunarodna spremita

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

Mornarica

Avijacija

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

6. Otpad

4. Poljoprivreda

1. Energija

KATEGORIJE

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

188

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,01

0,00

33,71

33,71

33,72

SO2

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

0,51

0,51

0,51

NMVOC

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

0,00
0,00

0,00

NE

NE

NE

The specific goals of this report are:

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NE

1.2. About this report

NE

5,80

0,00

0,58

0,58
5,80

0,58
5,80

(Gg)

CO

NOx

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1995.

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

NE

NE

NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;

HFCs

NE

NE

NE

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00
0,00

0,00
24,20

0,00
0,00

2,98
33,35

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00
0,00

0,64

7,56

0,04

0,04
8,20

3,02
65,75

CH4

N2O

NE

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00
6. Otpad

0.00

-10.240,00
0,00

0,00
4. Poljoprivreda

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

NE

21,06

0,00

2.119,50

NE

2.119,50

0.00

-10.240,00
2.140,56

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

CO2

CO2

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Mornarica

Avijacija

Meunarodna spremita

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

1. Energija

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

KATEGORIJE

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

189

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

0,00

0,01
0,02

1,21

0,00

1,00

1,00
1,21

1,01
1,23

(Gg)

CO

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1996.

NMVOC

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,05

0,00

126,06

126,06

126,11

SO2

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,01

0,00

12,03

12,03

12,04
NE

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NOx

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

NE

NE

NE

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
0,00

0,00

0,00

3,42

NE

0,00

0,00

0,11

0,11

NE

NE
3,53

N2O

HFCs

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

0.00

NE

0,00

35,50

0,00
-9.367,00

0.00
0,00

NE

88,98

0,00

4.340,64

NE

4.340,64

0,00

37,71

0,00

14,38

1,25

15,63

-9.367,00
4.429,62

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

CO2

CO2

CH4

88,84

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Meunarodna spremita

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

Mornarica

Avijacija

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

6. Otpad

4. Poljoprivreda

1. Energija

KATEGORIJE

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

190

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,19

0,00

177,98

177,98

178,17

SO2

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,03

0,00

1,53

1,53

1,56

NMVOC

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

0,84
0,02

0,00

NE

NE

NE

The specific goals of this report are:

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NE

1.2. About this report

NE

19,64

0,00

1,94

1,94
19,64

2,78
19,66

(Gg)

CO

NOx

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1997.

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

NE

NE

NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;

HFCs

NE

NE

NE

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE
0,00
0,00

0,00
35,20

0,00
0,00

3,55
40,74

NE

NE

0,00

0,00
0,00

1,86

21,26

0,13

0,13
23,12

3,68
99,06

CH4

N2O

NE

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00
6. Otpad

0.00

-8.483,00
0,00

0,00
4. Poljoprivreda

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

NE

190,61

0,00

6.831,88

NE

6.831,88

0.00

-8.483,00

7.022,49

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

CO2

CO2

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Mornarica

Avijacija

Meunarodna spremita

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

1. Energija

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

KATEGORIJE

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

191

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

0,00

0,03
5,18

92,86

0,00

13,99

13,99
92,86

14,02
98,04

(Gg)

CO

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1998.

NMVOC

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,69

0,00

230,22

230,22

230,91

SO2

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,09
NE

0,00

38,37

38,37

38,46
NE

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NOx

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

NE

NE

NE

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

0,00

3,61

NE

NE

NE
0,00

0,00

0,16

0,16

NE
3,77
108,52

N2O

HFCs

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

0.00

NE

0,00

39,00

0,00
-8.307,00

0.00
0,00

NE

307,27

0,00

10.469,65

NE

10.469,65

0,00

41,43

0,00

25,76

2,33

28,09

-8.307,00
10.776,92

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

CO2

CO2

CH4

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Meunarodna spremita

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

Mornarica

Avijacija

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

6. Otpad

4. Poljoprivreda

1. Energija

KATEGORIJE

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

192

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

1,15

0,00

235,13

235,13

236,28

SO2

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,03

0,00

14,62

14,62

14,65

NMVOC

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

9,28
0,16

0,00

NE

NE

NE

The specific goals of this report are:

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NE

1.2. About this report

NE

37,76

0,00

117,42

117,42
37,76

126,70
37,92

(Gg)

CO

NOx

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 1999.

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

NE

NE

NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;

HFCs

NE

NE

NE

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE
0,00
0,00

0,00
43,30

0,00
0,00

3,89
42,69

NE

0,00
0,00

0,00
24,51

0,18
2,30

26,81

112,80

0,18

NE
4,07

CH4

N2O

NE

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00
6. Otpad

0.00

-7.297,00
0,00

0,00
4. Poljoprivreda

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

NE

394,49

0,00

10.573,51

NE

10.573,51

0.00

-7.297,00
10.968,00

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

CO2

CO2

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Mornarica

Avijacija

Meunarodna spremita

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

1. Energija

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

KATEGORIJE

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

193

NE
NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

0,00

0,05
12,86

115,22

0,00

14,37

14,37
115,22

14,42
128,08

(Gg)

CO

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 2000.

NMVOC

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

1,55

0,00

221,82

221,82

223,37

SO2

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,22
NE

0,00

39,10

39,10

39,32
NE

NE

NE

NE

SF6

NOx

This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

NE

NE

NE

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?

NE
NE

NE
NE

NE
NE

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE
0,00

0,00

0,00

3,78

NE

NE
0,00

0,00

0,20

0,20

NE
3,98
113,45

N2O

HFCs

e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

0,00

0,00

0.00

NE

0,00

45,90

0,00
-7.302,00

0.00
0,00

NE

455,65

0,00

11.177,58

NE

11.177,58

0,00

40,68

0,00

24,48

2,39

26,87

-7.302,00
11.633,23

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

CO2

CO2

CH4

A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover


this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Meunarodna spremita

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.

Mornarica

Avijacija

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

6. Otpad

4. Poljoprivreda

1. Energija

KATEGORIJE

2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.

194

3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for

SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION


OF BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
THE UNITED
NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION
ON CLIMATEnacija
CHANGE
Drugi nacionalni
izvjetaj
Bosne i UNDER
Hercegovine
u skladu
s Okvirnom
konvencijom
Ujedinjenih

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

1,58

0,00

212,16

212,16

213,74

SO2

able-bodied people; it can reduce the cost of web service development, and enhance the
prospects for migrating web services onto new platforms such as mobile phones.
0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,41

0,00

14,94

14,94

15,35

NMVOC

4. The earlier action is taken, the easier it is to integrate e-Accessibility into development of
e-Services and to lower the cost.
0,00
0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00
0,00

13,02

0,00
0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00

0,00

The specific goals of this report are:


A

0,24

0,00

0,00

0,00

SF6

0,00

1.2. About this report

0,00

39,83

0,00

121,52

121,52
39,83

134,54
40,07

(Gg)

CO

NOx

IZVJETAJ 1.B SAET IZVJETAJ INVENTARA STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA (IPCC TABELA 7B)
BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - Godina 2001.

5. Pursuing approaches that follow EU guidelines and recommendations will assist in the
convergence of different aspects of the development of the Information Society in the EU
and SEE countries.

0,00

0,00

0,00

CO2 ekvivalent (Gg)

PFCs

1. to outline the international context regarding e-Accessibility including existing legal


instruments and strategic level documents;

HFCs

0,00

0,00

0,00

2. to develop a comparative picture of e-Accessibility for able-bodied people versus people


with disabilities;

0,00
0,00

0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00
0,00
0,00

0,00
47,07

0,00
0,00

4,34
40,83

0,00

0,00
0,00

0,00
24,08

0,37
3,20

27,28

115,18

0,37

0,00
4,71

CH4

N2O

0,00

3. to assess the current level of e-Accessibility and e-Accessibility stakeholders;


4. to identify good practices in the region;
5. to develop a set of recommendations for government and other stakeholders on how to:
address the obstacles to e-Accessibility;
comply with requirements for the UN and EU.

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00
6. Otpad

0.00

-7.212,00
0,00

0,00
4. Poljoprivreda

5. Promjena namjene zemljita i umarstvo

0,00

596,63

0,00

11.642,95

12.526,71

11.642,95

0.00

-7.212,00
12.239,58

(Gg)

ponori
emisije

3. Upotreba rastvaraa i drugih proizvoda

IZVORI I PONORI STAKLENIKIH PLINOVA

CO2

CO2

This report is part of a larger project, Empowering Marginalised Groups in e-Governance,


that is being implemented in the context of the e-SEE Initiative. It is a regional project designed by
the UNDP Country Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina, supported by DG/BDP NY, and funded by the
UNDPs Democratic Governance Thematic Trust Fund to support the South Eastern Europe region
in the implementation of the Inclusive Information Society Priority Area of the e-SEE Agenda+, the
regional action plan for Information Society development, and the UNCRPD. The programmatic
priorities of the project are therefore fully aligned with the targets of e-SEE Agenda+.

CO2 emisije iz biomase

Multilateralne aktivnosti

Mornarica

Avijacija

Meunarodna spremita

Ostale stavke:

7. Ostalo

2. Industrijski procesi

B. Fugitivne emisije iz goriva

Sektorski pristup

A. Sagorijevanje goriva Referentni pristup

1. Energija

Ukupne emisije, ukljuujui ponore

KATEGORIJE

The project is being implemented by the Sarajevo-based UNDP-funded e-SEE Initiative


Secretariat, capitalizing on their existing knowledge, networks and resources. Empowering
Marginalised Groups in e-Governance and the e-SEE Secretariat are positioned within the Social
Inclusion/Democratic Governance Sector. The UNDP Country Office in Sarajevo is working closely
with the fellow UNDP Country Offices in the region, while the Office of Senior ICT Advisor at the BDP
in New York is providing expertise and playing an advisory role. Government-appointed members of
the Regional e-Governance Advisory Taskforce (REGATA) act as government Focal Points for their
respective countries.

195

Drugi NATIONAL
nacionalni
izvjetaj Bosne
Hercegovine
u skladu s Okvirnom
Ujedinjenih
nacija
SECOND
COMMUNICATION
OFi BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA
UNDER THEkonvencijom
UNITED NATION
FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
This section presents an overview of the UNCRPD, its significance and main sections, the
requirements it sets in all aspects of e-Accessibility and how it is to be implemented. This is followed
by a description of the major instruments and actions at the European Union level relating to
disability in general and e-Accessibility in particular.

1.1. Why e-Accessibility?


e-Accessibility is about overcoming the range of barriers that people with disabilities and others
such as older populations experience when seeking to participate on equal terms in the Information
Society.
e-Accessibility can potentially refer to any type of ICT used by citizens, and involves everything
from websites for e-government services, to telephony support for blind people to subtitling on
television. Up to 15 percent of the population across the European Union has a disability, such as a
visual, hearing, speech, cognitive, or motor impairment, and SEE countries can expect to have a
similar or higher proportion.
A perhaps surprising number of international agreements, regulations and guidelines cover
this area. At the highest international level, the UNCRPD, ratified and coming into force in 2008, is
the relevant legal context. No single EU directive is dedicated to e-Accessibility, but actions are
spread across areas such as Television Without Frontiers (for subtitling), the Copyright Directive
(for copyright exemptions), and the Telecoms Framework (for assistive technologies). e-Accessibility
is also covered by policy, and guidelines and benchmarking exist for programmatic support.
Furthermore, moves are afoot to strengthen these and to enact more legislation.
There is at least a five-fold justification for early action in the area of e-Accessibility:
1. It is worthwhile in its own right to improve access to services to people who are already
marginalized. It helps fulfil the promise of the Information Society to reduce rather than
increase the disadvantages certain populations face. Conversely, insufficient effort in this
area is likely to further marginalize these groups.
2. Improving access to services, public and private, to such a significant proportion of the
population opens significant market/sales opportunities, and can help public services fulfil
their remit in a cost effective manner.
3. Improving e-Accessibility for the marginalized could also lead to improved access for
2

196

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